MESOC Serapeum | Where culture meets AI

Id		98
Author		Daykin, N.; Mansfield, L.; Meads, C.
Title		What Works for Wellbeing? A systematic review of wellbeing outcomes for music and singing in adults.
Reference		Daykin, N, Mansfield, L, Meads, C. (2018) What Works for Wellbeing? A systematic review of wellbeing outcomes for music and singing in adults. Perspectives in Public Health 2018; 138(1): 38–45.
Link to article		https://doi.org/10.1177/1757913917740391
Abstract		Aims:The role of arts and music in supporting subjective wellbeing (SWB) is increasingly recognised. Robust evidence is needed to support policy and practice. This article reports on the first of four reviews of Culture, Sport and Wellbeing (CSW) commissioned by the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC)-funded What Works Centre for Wellbeing (https://whatworkswellbeing.org/). Objective:To identify SWB outcomes for music and singing in adults. Methods:Comprehensive literature searches were conducted in PsychInfo, Medline, ERIC, Arts and Humanities, Social Science and Science Citation Indexes, Scopus, PILOTS and CINAHL databases. From 5,397 records identified, 61 relevant records were assessed using GRADE and CERQual schema. Results: A wide range of wellbeing measures was used, with no consistency in how SWB was measured across the studies. A wide range of activities was reported, most commonly music listening and regular group singing. Music has been associated with reduced anxiety in young adults, enhanced mood and purpose in adults and mental wellbeing, quality of life, self-awareness and coping in people with diagnosed health conditions. Music and singing have been shown to be effective in enhancing morale and reducing risk of depression in older people. Few studies address SWB in people with dementia. While there are a few studies of music with marginalised communities, participants in community choirs tend to be female, white and relatively well educated. Research challenges include recruiting participants with baseline wellbeing scores that are low enough to record any significant or noteworthy change following a music or singing intervention. Conclusions: There is reliable evidence for positive effects of music and singing on wellbeing in adults. There remains a need for research with sub-groups who are at greater risk of lower levels of wellbeing, and on the processes by which wellbeing outcomes are, or are not, achieved.

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Aims:The role of arts and music in supporting subjective wellbeing is increasingly recognised
Music has been associated with reduced anxiety in young adults, enhanced mood and purpose in adults and mental wellbeing, quality of life, self-awareness and coping in people with diagnosed health conditions
Music and singing have been shown to be effective in enhancing morale and reducing risk of depression in older people
Conclusions: There is reliable evidence for positive effects of music and singing on wellbeing in adults
The Economic and Social Research Council -funded What Works Centre for Wellbeing has commissioned evidence reviews in key areas one of which is Culture Sport and Wellbeing
This review sought to examine a wide range of music interventions that might be linked with SWB rather than health and to differentiate which intervention types may be more closely linked with wellbeing
This RCT of non-musicians that compared a brief session of playing percussion to joyful music with simulated playing to computer-generated tones reported significant improvements in elements of the POMS with depression anxiety and fatigue decreasing in the music group but not in the control group
A small study of male and female students compared a -week music therapy programme with no music therapy reporting improvements in anxiety and depression in the music group compared with controls
In both music was associated with significant reductions in stress anxiety and depression compared with the control condition
A non-random study of young offenders compared a -week programme of music making including songwriting playing and performing with art or educational activities reporting increased self-esteem in the music and education groups and improvements in emotional state for music and arts
There were two studies of choirs one of which was a small non-random study with adult prisoners that compared nine weeks of group singing leading to a performance with usual activity reporting no differences between groups in overall wellbeing scores although participants in a choir involving volunteers from the community showed improvements in sociability joviality emotional stability and happiness compared with controls
Another open-access community-based choir study with healthy volunteers reported an increase in positive feelings after seven weeks of group singing but not after a comparator chatting activity while negative feelings decreased significantly after singing but not after chatting
Three community-based studies of music listening in healthy older adults indicate an association between music listening and wellbeing
Two studies compared listening to music using headphones for min a week for four weeks reporting significant improvements in quality of life compared with controls and a -point reduction in mean Geriatric Depression Scale scores that was significant compared with controls
One study of participants over five sites compared a -week singing programme with usual activities reporting significant differences between the groups on the York SF mental health-related quality-of-life scale and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale after three months with significant differences in mental health-related quality of life in favour of group singing after six months
This showed significant differences after months in morale depression and loneliness for intervention groups compared with controls
In contrast a non-random community study evaluating community singing music appreciation classes and music therapy for older adults over one academic year reported no significant wellbeing outcomes using an ad hoc questionnaire
Only one study of older adults examined playing musical instruments reporting improvements in wellbeing both in older adults taking music lessons and those not taking lessons after weeks
A study of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease compared weekly singing with attending a film club for eight weeks reporting mental wellbeing improvements for both groups
Another study reported small improvements in anxiety and significant improvements in depression for a -week music therapy group for stroke patients compared with usual activity
Two small studies in palliative care settings examined brief music therapy sessions reporting improvements in wellbeing for a music therapy protocol compared with relaxation sessions and in spirituality compared with no music therapy
A case-controlled study compared months of tai chi playing a musical instrument or singing in adults aged - years with risk factors for chronic disease reporting improvements in resilience and depression for all intervention groups compared with controls with the lowest depression rates for tai chi and dancing groups
A five-centre study of participants with dementia and their carers showed increased quality-of-life scores for a music listening group compared with usual activity although the differences between the groups had levelled off by nine months
Taken together the studies broadly support the use of music and singing to enhance wellbeing and reduce or prevent depression in adults across the life span
For older adults there is convincing evidence that regular participation in community music and singing activities can enhance and maintain wellbeing and prevent isolation depression and mental ill health
Addressing issues of context social diversity and wellbeing inequalities represents an important focus point for policy practice and research agendas on music singing and wellbeing

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