MESOC Serapeum | Where culture meets AI

Authors	Title	Candidate transition variable
Ander, E.; Thomson, L.; Lanceley, A.; Menon, U.; Noble, G.	Heritage, Health and Wellbeing: Assessing the impact of a heritage focused intervention on health and wellbeing.	Most participants expressed improved wellbeing after the intervention, such as improved mood, calmed anxiety or a feeling of enhanced confidence. .
Pérez-Sáez, E.; Cabrero-Montes, E., M.; Llorente-Cano, M.; González-Ingelmo, E.	A pilot study on the impact of a pottery workshop on the well-being of people with dementia.	These results indicate that attending the workshop had a positive effect on the participants self-esteem, mood and well-being. .
Muller-Pinget, S.; Carrard, I.; Ybarra, J.; Golay, A.	Dance therapy improves self-body image among obese patients.	Patients found pleasure in performing the exercises and expressed positive feelings that in turn enhanced them. .
Grossi, E., ; Sacco, P.L., ; Blessi, G.T., ; Buscema, M.,	The Interaction Between Culture, Health and Psychological Well-Being: Data Mining from the Italian Culture and Well-Being Project	Qualitative evidence of the outcomes of the program suggest that it had a positive impact on participants physical and social well-being, as well as upon their creative activity. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	The last individual outcome area explored by the studies focused on wellbeing outcomes, the assessed areas of impact were happiness, pleasure, enjoyment, life satisfaction and feeling of peace. .
Dahlgren, G., ; Whitehead, M.,	Policies and strategies to promote social equity in health	The positive effects are then characterized by the fact that healthy living conditions favour healthy life styles. .
Li, Y., ; Winters, J., V.	Urbanisation, natural amenities and subjective well-being: Evidence from US counties.	Areas with better natural amenities might be expected to increase individual well-being. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	The good news is that there is room for great optimism. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	Even on bad days it makes me feel better. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	It gives you a sense of well being that youre doing something useful. .
Morse, N.; Thomson, L.J.M.; Brown, Z.; Chatterjee, H.J.	Effects of creative museum outreach sessions on measures of confidence, sociability and well-being for mental health and addiction recovery service-users	elicit an emotional response that encourages positive feelings such as optimism, hope and enjoyment; . .
Thomson, L. J. M.; Chatterjee, H. J.	Well-Being With Objects: Evaluating a Museum ObjectHandling Intervention for Older Adults in Health Care Settings	It was hypothesized that prepost comparisons would demonstrate enhanced well-being (increase in positive emotion, wellness and happiness; decrease in negative emotion) across settings. .
Poulos, R.G.; Marwood, S.; Harkin, D.; Opher, S.; Clift, S.; Cole, A.M.D.; Rhee, J.; Beilharz, K.; Poulos, C.J.	Arts on prescription for community‐dwelling older people with a range of health and wellness needs	Our results suggest a positive impact on mental well-being for participants with a diverse range of health and wellness needs. .
Wiseman, R.; Watt, C.	Achieving the impossible: a review of magic-based interventions and their effects on wellbeing	Again, overall positive results have been reported. .
Vrtana D., Krizanova A., Skorvagova E., Valaskova K.	Exploring the affective level in adolescents in relation to advertising with a selected emotional appeal	The positive mood is defined by the following items: joy, happiness, enjoyment, and physical freshness. .
Moreno L.P., Ruiz A.S., Giralt J.A.	Great Challenœs and the application of participatory tools in the planning of the informal city the case of Makeni, Sierra Leone Grandes retos y aplicación de herramientas participatives en la planificación dela ciudad informal el Caso de Makeni, Sierra Leona	From this perspective, the assessment is extremely positive. .
Nielsen J.H., Overgaard C.	Healing architecture and Snoezelen in delivery room design: A qualitative study of womens birth experiences and patient-centeredness of care	It really helped me keep myself going, you know, maintaining the relaxed state I wanted to achieve . .
Venerandi A., Quattrone G., Capra L.	City form and well-being: What makes London neighborhoods good places to live?	This, in turn, might raise the levels of well-being. .
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	I feel happier & much more confident - myself, at last! .
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	Therefore they have improved my quality of life. .
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	Participants reported a mixture of increased energy (energized, uplifted, inspired, enthusiastic and confident) and fulfilment (contented, relaxed and a sense of well-being). .
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	My mood is generally improved. .
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	This gives me more exercise and energy as I feel good about doing it. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	So I suppose that made me feel good ... .
Jones M., Kimberlee R., Deave T., Evans S.	The role of community centre-based arts, leisure and social activities in promoting adult well-being and healthy lifestyles	The results showed positive changes in self-reported general health, mental health, personal and social well-being. .
Bird J.M., Karageorghis C.I.	A Grounded Theory of Music-Video Use in an Exercise Facility	You could say that it made me feel happier in that regard, and, if a sense of overall wellbeing is tied to what you want from a workout, you could say that was productive side-effect. .
Malyn B.O., Thomas Z., Ramsey-Wade C.E.	Reading and writing for well-being: A qualitative exploration of the therapeutic experience of older adult participants in a bibliotherapy and creative writing group	A person's resilience and the presence of positive states and emotions are key elements of well-being. .
Hanson K.	Positive Psychology for Overcoming Symptoms of Depression: A Pilot Study Exploring the Efficacy of a Positive Psychology Self-Help Book versus a CBT Self-Help Book	High total scores indicate higher levels of subjective happiness. .
Hanson K.	Positive Psychology for Overcoming Symptoms of Depression: A Pilot Study Exploring the Efficacy of a Positive Psychology Self-Help Book versus a CBT Self-Help Book	High scores indicate high levels of life satisfaction. .
Hanson K.	Positive Psychology for Overcoming Symptoms of Depression: A Pilot Study Exploring the Efficacy of a Positive Psychology Self-Help Book versus a CBT Self-Help Book	High scores indicate high levels of psychological well-being. .
Pettersson C.	Psychological well-being, improved self-confidence, and social capacity: bibliotherapy from a user perspective	In this respect, a clear improvement in psychological well-being can be observed in two of the four participants. .
Moreira J.A., Rodrigues E.	The potencial of science fiction cinema in a prison context and its impact on the construction of learning communities Potencialidades do Cinema de Ficção Científica em Contexto de Reclusão e o seu Impacto na Construção de Comunidades de Aprendizagem	It was actually very stimulating and enriching. .
Lourenço I.	Bollywood in portugal: Watching and dancing practices in the construction of alternative cultural identities Bollywood em portugal: A construção de identidades culturais alternativas entre audiências e praticantes de dança	Its liberating and gives you wellbeing. .
Lindblad K., de Boise S.	Musical engagement and subjective wellbeing amongst men in the third age	He appreciates it, saying that its nice and makes him feel relaxed and in a good mood. .
Douka S., Zilidou V.I., Lilou O., Manou V.	Traditional dance improves the physical fitness and well-being of the elderly	Proper posture improves overall balance and generally there are positive effects on the body. .
Redfield A.	An analysis of the experiences and integration of transpersonal phenomena induced by electronic dance music	These effects, in turn, have the potential to bring positivity and healing to the world. .
Koch S.C., Mergheim K., Raeke J., Machado C.B., Riegner E., Nolden J., Diermayr G., von Moreau D., Hillecke T.K.	The embodied self in Parkinsons Disease: Feasibility of a single tango intervention for assessing changes in psychological health outcomes and aesthetic experience	In this study, particularly positive affect, vitality and coping increased. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	The findings are positive in that regard. .
Subramaniam P., Woods B.	Digital life storybooks for people with dementia living in care homes: An evaluation	Higher scores indicate higher quality of life. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	It improves my wellbeing being there, yes. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	Its physical, practical and psychological doing is a functionality that had a positive impact on health and wellbeing for the participating service users. .
Paddon H.L., Thomson L.J.M., Menon U., Lanceley A.E., Chatterjee H.J.	Mixed methods evaluation of well-being benefits derived from a heritage-in-health intervention with hospital patients	The study demonstrated statistically significant, overall enhancement of psychological well-being as determined by the PANAS measures, and subjective well-being and happiness as determined by the VAS measures. .
James C.E., Altenmüller E., Kliegel M., Krüger T.H.C., Van De Ville D., Worschech F., Abdili L., Scholz D.S., Jünemann K., Hering A., Grouiller F., Sinke C., Marie D.	Train the brain with music (TBM): brain plasticity and cognitive benefits induced by musical training in elderly people in Germany and Switzerland, a study protocol for an RCT comparing musical instrumental practice to sensitization to music	As these activities are pleasant for an average individual, they are intrinsically motivating and therefore easy to maintain over long periods of time, meanwhile increasing wellbeing. .
Caló F., Steiner A., Millar S., Teasdale S.	The impact of a community-based music intervention on the health and well-being of young people: A realist evaluation	The questionnaire also included the life satisfaction measures of personal well-being as used by ONS National Wellbeing Programme. .
Saarikallio S.H., Randall W.M., Baltazar M.	Music Listening for Supporting Adolescents’ Sense of Agency in Daily Life	Feeling better or feeling more of a certain positive affective state might have been experienced as a successful event by the participants. .
Stewart J., Garrido S., Hense C., McFerran K.	Music use for mood regulation: Self-awareness and conscious listening choices in young people with tendencies to depression	In this case, even a small improvement in mood was perceived as a positive change. .
Waddington-Jones C., King A., Burnard P.	Exploring wellbeing and creativity through collaborative composition as part of hull 2017 city of culture	In recent years, there has been increased research interest in wellbeing, as people seek to learn how they might lead healthier and happier lives. .
Waddington-Jones C., King A., Burnard P.	Exploring wellbeing and creativity through collaborative composition as part of hull 2017 city of culture	The more positive affect or pleasure we experience, the happier we will be. .
Waddington-Jones C., King A., Burnard P.	Exploring wellbeing and creativity through collaborative composition as part of hull 2017 city of culture	This may enhance participants sense of achievement and increase self-esteem. .
Curtis A., Gibson L., O’Brien M., Roe B.	Systematic review of the impact of arts for health activities on health, wellbeing and quality of life of older people living in care homes	The outcome measures focused upon were health, wellbeing and quality of life. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	2. Spiritually uplifting, as it enhances the mood and energises the spirit. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	These emotional, social, and cognitive benefits may well be powerful protective factors working to enhance health, particularly relating to reducing stress and promoting a sense of wellbeing and happiness. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	In other words, well-being is a strongly desired outcome for modern everyday life. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Some experienced exhilarating transpersonal feelings of happiness, joy and well-being. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	In addition, it is clear that the activity was highly valued in contributing to overall well-being and quality of life. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	It is also enjoyable, meaningful and emotionally uplifting. .
Garcia Yeste C., Gairal Casadó R., Munté Pascual A., Plaja Viñas T.	Dialogic literary gatherings and out-of-home child care: Creation of new meanings through classic literature	(b) improving the emotional well-being of the participants. .
Garcia Yeste C., Gairal Casadó R., Munté Pascual A., Plaja Viñas T.	Dialogic literary gatherings and out-of-home child care: Creation of new meanings through classic literature	(Tania) These positive experiences by all participants in the DLG generated a state of well-being that may consequently promote improved emotional stability. .
Blackburn C.	‘The people in the purple shirts’: Froebelian insights to a Singing Medicine project in a children’s hospital	It gives, therefore, joy, freedom, contentment, inner and outer rest, peace with the world. .
Warran K., Fancourt D., Perkins R.	The experience and perceived impact of group singing for men living with cancer: A phenomenological study	You feel much better, and it does wonders for you . .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Jetten J., Rowan C.	Identification with arts-based groups improves mental wellbeing in adults with chronic mental health conditions	Time had a significant effect on mental wellbeing, indicating that participants mental wellbeing improved after joining the ABG. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Jetten J., Rowan C.	Identification with arts-based groups improves mental wellbeing in adults with chronic mental health conditions	This finding suggests that participants wellbeing benefited equally from participation in both activities. .
Williamson V.J., Bonshor M.	Wellbeing in brass bands: The benefits and challenges of group music making	I feel generally more satisfied with howI am living because I have more purpose and reason to be alive. .
Williamson V.J., Bonshor M.	Wellbeing in brass bands: The benefits and challenges of group music making	Feeling happy, occupied and fulfilled leads to better mental health and increased resilience when dealing with difficult things. .
Williamson V.J., Bonshor M.	Wellbeing in brass bands: The benefits and challenges of group music making	This creates a real sense of wellbeing. .
Williamson V.J., Bonshor M.	Wellbeing in brass bands: The benefits and challenges of group music making	Playing makes me feel happy and positive. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	For many this represented a chance to feel good and express happiness with others. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	For example, one participant said, It gives you a real feel good factor and really lifts you. .
Lord V.M., Hume V.J., Kelly J.L., Cave P., Silver J., Waldman M., White C., Smith C., Tanner R., Sanchez M., Man W.D.-C., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing classes for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial	Patients who had participated in the trial reported benefits in their physical performance and general well-being as well as a sense of achievement and self-efficacy. .
Lord V.M., Cave P., Hume V.J., Flude E.J., Evans A., Kelly J.L., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing teaching as a therapy for chronic respiratory disease - A randomised controlled trial and qualitative evaluation	.this has been very useful, I always felt better afterwards physically. .
Pearce E., Launay J., Machin A., Dunbar R.I.M.	Is Group Singing Special? Health, Well-Being and Social Bonds in Community-Based Adult Education Classes	Higher summed scores indicate higher well-being in both cases. .
Tamplin J., Clark I.N., Lee Y.-E.C., Baker F.A.	Remini-sing: A feasibility study of therapeutic group singing to support relationship quality and wellbeing for community-dwelling people living with dementia and their family caregivers	followed with specific items such as made me feel useful and enabled me to appreciate life more. .
van der Steen J.T., van Soest-Poortvliet M.C., van der Wouden J.C., Bruinsma M.S., Scholten R.J.P.M., Vink A.C.	Music-based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia	Types of outcome measures Emotional well-being, including quality of life and positive affect. .
McNaughton A., Aldington S., Williams G., Levack W.M.M.	Sing Your Lungs Out: A qualitative study of a community singing group for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)	The participants reported perceived health benefits from participation in the group, and no adverse events. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	The findings reveal a rich array of positive benefits on the participants' social wellbeing with/in the community. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	There was some evidence of a growing sense of collective social wellbeing which stemmed from the projects amongst the wider community. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	And that was a relief, you know. .
Hunter R.F., Cleland C., Cleary A., Droomers M., Wheeler B.W., Sinnett D., Nieuwenhuijsen M.J., Braubach M.	Environmental, health, wellbeing, social and equity effects of urban green space interventions: A meta-narrative evidence synthesis	Wellbeing outcomes included mental health (e.g. levels of depression, stress, anxiety), and general wellbeing (e.g. levels of happiness, measures of mental wellbeing). .
Quinlan E., Thomas R., Ahmed S., Fichtner P., McMullen L., Block J.	The aesthetic rationality of the popular expressive arts: Lifeworld communication among breast cancer survivors living with lymphedema	In doing so, they anticipate a society in which the human need for happiness is satisfied. .
Węziak-Białowolska D.	Attendance of cultural events and involvement with the arts—impact evaluation on health and well-being from a Swiss household panel survey	Well-being outcome variable Well-being was measured with a simple question referring to general life satisfaction (GLS): In general, how satisfied are you with your life? .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Joice S., Kroll T., Mead G., Donnan P., Toma M., Williams B.	Art participation for psychosocial wellbeing during stroke rehabilitation: a feasibility randomised controlled trial	Positive affect represents pleasurable engagement and includes emotions such as enthusiasm and alertness. .
Awtuch A., Gȩbczyńska-Janowicz A.	Art and Healthcare - Healing Potential of Artistic Interventions in Medical Settings	Such environments intend to promote a sense of well-being, a reduction in stress and fatigue, and encourage a sense of hope and positive attitude in patients. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) describes wellbeing as a positive outcome that is meaningful for people and for many sectors of a society, because it tells us that people perceive that their lives are going well (CDC, 2018). .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	Wellbeing is more simply defined as the presence of life satisfaction, and positive emotions. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	They found it exhilarating, an emotional release, and a good way to boost my ego. .
Florian Carl ,Rosemond Kutsidzo	Music a nd Wellbeing in Everyday Life: An Exploratory Study of Music Experience in Ghana	His alertness and happiness increased, he felt less irritable, more in the present and more relaxed. .
Müller S., Rohde P., Gau J.M., Stice E.	Moderators of the effects of indicated group and bibliotherapy cognitive behavioral depression prevention programs on adolescents depressive symptoms and depressive disorder onset	If true, the risk of MDD onset might significantly decrease once the substance abuse is addressed. .
Hutchinson, J., C.; Karageorghis, C., I.; Black, J., D.	The Diabeates Project: Perceptual, Affective and Psychophysiological Effects of Music and Music-Video in a Clinical Exercise Setting.	It provides a range of health and psychosocial benefits that can reduce morbidity and mortality as well as improve quality of life (1). .
Staiano, A., E.; Marker, A., M.; Beyl, R., A.; Hsia, D., S.; Katzmarzyk, P., T.; Newton, R., L.	A randomized controlled trial of dance exergaming for exercise training in overweight and obese adolescent girls.	Health-related quality of life. .
Hill Strategies , R.,	Social Effects of the Arts: Exploratory Statistical Evidence.	Donations to health organizations can make standards of health more equal. .
Dahlgren, G., ; Whitehead, M.,	Policies and strategies to promote social equity in health	Equally important is to secure a sustainable development from a health point of view. .
Dahlgren, G., ; Whitehead, M.,	Policies and strategies to promote social equity in health	The health status among less priviliged groups and how it changes over time is also a valid indicator for social progress and quality of life. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	The arts improve individual health. .
Daykin, N.; Byrne, E.; Soteriou, T.; O’Connor, S.	The impact of art, design and enviroment in mental healthcare: a systematic review of the literature	Nevertheless, patients rated their health improvement better in the newer wards and they also gave a higher rating to the treatment and the staff. .
Australian Expert Group in Industry Studies , AEGIS,	Social impacts of Participation in the Arts and Cultural Activities	These relate notably to improvements in health status and crime prevention. .
Punzi L., Chia M., Cipolletta S., Dolcetti C., Galozzi P., Giovinazzi O., Tonolo S., Zava R., Pazzaglia F.	The role of architectural design for rheumatic patients’ wellbeing: The point of view of environmental psychology	This can give a significant contribution to the improvement of the quality of life of individuals affected by chronic diseases, such as RDs. .
Jones M., Kimberlee R., Deave T., Evans S.	The role of community centre-based arts, leisure and social activities in promoting adult well-being and healthy lifestyles	The results of the study suggest that community centre activities offer benefits that are supportive of health and well-being. .
McCann T.V., Cotton S.M., Lubman D.I.	Social problem solving in carers of young people with a first episode of psychosis: a randomized controlled trial	In so doing, this may improve their ability to cope with caring-related problems and their access to programmes, and, potentially, improve outcomes in care recipients.8 .
McGarry J., Bowden D.	Unlocking stories: Older womens experiences of intimate partner violence told through creative expression	Ultimately, this has the potential to improve the effectiveness of care provision and support. .
Ronzi S., Orton L., Pope D., Valtorta N.K., Bruce N.G.	What is the impact on health and wellbeing of interventions that foster respect and social inclusion in community-residing older adults? A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies	Qualitative studies identified some mediating factors (e.g. improved self-esteem) that may lead to improvements in health outcomes. .
Beauchet O., Cooper-Brown L., Hayashi Y., Galery K., Vilcocq C., Bastien T.	Effects of thursdays at the Museum at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts on the mental and physical health of older community dwellers: The art-health randomized clinical trial protocol	Wellbeing is positively associated with quality of life and physical health benefits, including a decreased risk for disease, speedier disease recovery, and increased longevity 6-13 . .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Health equity exists when all peoples have equal opportunity to achieve health and well-being as determined by the circumstances that shape their lives. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	They also reported improved health benefits, such as reduced medications for some members, and improved working capacity and enhanced daily life routines for others. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	People of relatively more socioeconomic status have better health and longevity, while people of relatively less socioeconomic status have worse health and longevity, people somewhere in the middle experience middling health and longevity and so on. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Over time, it is expected that this may contribute towards positive health outcomes for those participating, and potentially the wider community. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	For others it stood out as key to their recovery or the maintenance of health. .
McNaughton A., Aldington S., Williams G., Levack W.M.M.	Sing Your Lungs Out: A qualitative study of a community singing group for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)	These health benefits included improvements in breathing, sputum clearance and exercise tolerance, as well as a general sense of improved well-being. .
Clapp L.A., Taylor E.P., Di Folco S., Mackinnon V.L.	Effectiveness of art therapy with pediatric populations affected by medical health conditions: a systematic review	However, the outcomes were all broadly related to positive adjustment regarding chronic ill health. .
Lankston L., Cusack P., Fremantle C., Isles C.	Visual art in hospitals: Case studies and review of the evidence	These include positive effects not only on patient wellbeing but also on health outcome such as length of stay in hospital and pain tolerance. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Growth in self-confidence and self-efficacy. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	This experience enriched me more and more every time: it makes me feel more confident with myself and with my potentiality. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	What has helped me, it has helped me build self-esteem and confidence. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	Participant Ive developed confidence in myself and my abilities. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	it makes me feel good about myself, it makes me feel proud. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	What has helped me, it helped me build self-esteem and confidence. .
Poulos, R.G.; Marwood, S.; Harkin, D.; Opher, S.; Clift, S.; Cole, A.M.D.; Rhee, J.; Beilharz, K.; Poulos, C.J.	Arts on prescription for community‐dwelling older people with a range of health and wellness needs	c. Empowerment Increased self-confidence and self-determination were evident among participants. .
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	They have increased my self-confidence and therefore made me feel better about myself and my prospects. .
Reynolds F., Vivat B., Prior S.	Womens experiences of increasing subjective well-being in CFS/ME through leisure-based arts and crafts activities: A qualitative study	Also its good for self esteem, its good for confidence. .
Malyn B.O., Thomas Z., Ramsey-Wade C.E.	Reading and writing for well-being: A qualitative exploration of the therapeutic experience of older adult participants in a bibliotherapy and creative writing group	Many participants also reported experiences of personal development, stating that that they had developed increased self-confidence and self-efficacy. .
Thomson L.J., Morse N., Elsden E., Chatterjee H.J.	Art, nature and mental health: assessing the biopsychosocial effects of a ‘creative green prescription’ museum programme involving horticulture, artmaking and collections	I felt a sense of achievement very much so, selfesteem. .
Waddington-Jones C., King A., Burnard P.	Exploring wellbeing and creativity through collaborative composition as part of hull 2017 city of culture	A few participants also noted that this sense of accomplishment had led to, e.g., greater confidence on a personal level. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	Participants report pride in themselves and in their community, increased confidence and a feeling of self-satisfaction. .
Lee K.L., Mustaffa M.S., Tan S.Y.	Visual arts in counselling adults with depressive disorders	And, I have become more confident. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	(reverse-coded), . . . been a happy person? .
Konlaan, B. B.; Bygren, L. O.; Johansson, S. E.	Visiting the cinema, concerts, museums or art exhibitions as determinant of survival: a Swedish fourteen-year cohort follow-up.	Such resolution is attended by pleasure. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	Finally, the people involved felt an increased sense of pride and appreciation of their town. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	Supporting quotes It's been a very positive experience. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	It was a very enjoyable experience. .
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	I have been pleased to find out that people see me as a nice person. .
la Cour K., Josephsson S., Luborsky M.	Creating connections of life during life-threatening illness: Creative activity experienced by elderly people and occupational therapists	Here the result achieved was a source of pride and satisfaction. .
Subramaniam P., Woods B.	Digital life storybooks for people with dementia living in care homes: An evaluation	Im glad to see her face full of happiness. .
Subramaniam P., Woods B.	Digital life storybooks for people with dementia living in care homes: An evaluation	Nice memories . I feel happy . very happy! .
Twedt E., Proffitt D.R., Hearn D.L.	Art and aging: Digital projects for individuals with dementia	The entire experience has been extremely rewarding... .
Bermingham A., ORourke J., Gurrin C., Collins R., Irving K., Smeaton A.F.	Automatically recommending multimedia content for use in group reminiscence therap	The responses were positive, with all facilitators agreeing that the system was satisfying and useful. .
Koebner I.J., Fishman S.M., Paterniti D., Sommer D., Witt C.M., Ward D., Joseph J.G.	The art of analgesia: A pilot study of art museum tours to decrease pain and social disconnection among individuals with chronic pain	Participants indicated high satisfaction with the program. .
Koebner I.J., Fishman S.M., Paterniti D., Sommer D., Witt C.M., Ward D., Joseph J.G.	The art of analgesia: A pilot study of art museum tours to decrease pain and social disconnection among individuals with chronic pain	Program satisfaction was high. .
Koebner I.J., Fishman S.M., Paterniti D., Sommer D., Witt C.M., Ward D., Joseph J.G.	The art of analgesia: A pilot study of art museum tours to decrease pain and social disconnection among individuals with chronic pain	Nevertheless, interviewees comments were largely positive. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	But, interestingly, upbeat and happy mood are not the only moods reported. .
Martin R.E., Korchinski M., Fels L., Leggo C.	Arresting hope: Women taking action in prison health inside out	And hope it leads to happiness. .
Martin R.E., Korchinski M., Fels L., Leggo C.	Arresting hope: Women taking action in prison health inside out	There is always so much joy to be found. .
Warran K., Fancourt D., Perkins R.	The experience and perceived impact of group singing for men living with cancer: A phenomenological study	You know, you get high and you get happy. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	Another noted, Im left happier so more confident. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	And another in a similar vein, Its given me a lot of confidence. .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	and hes an encouraging and very positive person anyway. .
Tamplin J., Clark I.N., Lee Y.-E.C., Baker F.A.	Remini-sing: A feasibility study of therapeutic group singing to support relationship quality and wellbeing for community-dwelling people living with dementia and their family caregivers	Satisfaction with life improved slightly and flourishing scale scores remained high from baseline. .
Langdridge D., Gabb J., Lawson J.	Art as a pathway to impact: Understanding the affective experience of public engagement with film	I was really pleased about that. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	When reflecting back on performance experiences, most participants were grateful and happy for the experience. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	Participants shared that there was a sense of community, and feelings of happiness and success when congregating together. .
Zhang, Y.; Tzortzopoulos, P.; Kagioglou, M.	Healing built-environment effects on health outcomes: environment–occupant–health framework.	A relaxing atmosphere has the potential to reduce anxiety and depression. .
Nan, J., K.; Ho, R.,T.	Effects of clay art therapy on adults outpatients with major depressive disorder: A randomized controlled trial.	The results showed that depressive signs were alleviated to the minimal form of depression. .
Hill Strategies , R.,	Social Effects of the Arts: Exploratory Statistical Evidence.	Visual arts can reduce stress levels and reduce the symptoms of depression for some patients. .
Corbett, B., A.; Blain, S., D.; Ioannou, S., ; Balser, M.,	Changes in anxiety following a randomized control trial of a theatre-based intervention for youth with autism spectrum disorder.	The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of the intervention on reducing anxiety and stress. .
Xie, Q.W.; Chan, C.H.Y.; Ji, Q.; Chan, C.L.W.	Psychosocial Effects of Parent-Child Book Reading Interventions: A Meta-analysis	It may also assist in reducing their stress or depression. .
Morse, N.; Thomson, L.J.M.; Brown, Z.; Chatterjee, H.J.	Effects of creative museum outreach sessions on measures of confidence, sociability and well-being for mental health and addiction recovery service-users	are calming and reduce anxiety; . .
Binnie, J.	Does Viewing Art in the Museum Reduce Anxiety and Improve Wellbeing?	While there were several restrictions within these studies, they do illustrate that a decrease in perceived anxiety from the stresses of everyday life can be experienced. .
Jones M., Kimberlee R., Deave T., Evans S.	The role of community centre-based arts, leisure and social activities in promoting adult well-being and healthy lifestyles	There was a significant reduction in self-reported mental ill health. .
Khandelwal D., Kalra N., Tyagi R., Khatri A., Gupta K.	Control of anxiety in pediatric patients using tell show do method and audiovisual distraction	Analysis of FIS and VPT revealed that decline in anxiety was significantly found to be more when behavior management technique was applied. .
Abbing A., Ponstein A., van Hooren S., de Sonneville L., Swaab H., Baars E.	The effectiveness of art therapy for anxiety in adults: A systematic review of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials	As a result of these experiences, AT is believed to reduce symptoms in patients with anxiety. .
Abbing A., Ponstein A., van Hooren S., de Sonneville L., Swaab H., Baars E.	The effectiveness of art therapy for anxiety in adults: A systematic review of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials	Objectives The primary objective is to examine the effectiveness ofAT in reducing anxiety symptoms. .
Abbing A., Ponstein A., van Hooren S., de Sonneville L., Swaab H., Baars E.	The effectiveness of art therapy for anxiety in adults: A systematic review of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials	Included were studies that had reduction of anxiety symptoms as the primary outcome measure. .
Abbing A., Ponstein A., van Hooren S., de Sonneville L., Swaab H., Baars E.	The effectiveness of art therapy for anxiety in adults: A systematic review of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials	Outcomes The primary outcome measure was anxiety symptoms reduction (pre-post treatment). .
Cunningham S., Brill M., Whalley J.H., Read R., Anderson G., Edwards S., Picking R.	Assessing Wellbeing in People Living with Dementia Using Reminiscence Music with a Mobile App (Memory Tracks): A Mixed Methods Cohort Study	That, in turn, may reduce panic or fear in the participants. .
Boyce M., Bungay H., Munn-Giddings C., Wilson C.	The impact of the arts in healthcare on patients and service users: A critical review	A reduction in anxiety levels was recorded by Froggett and Little (2012) and Mouradian (2013). .
Fancourt D., Williamon A., Carvalho L.A., Steptoe A., Dow R., Lewis I.	Singing modulates mood, stress, cortisol, cytokine and neuropeptide activity in cancer patients and carers	Studies have shown reductions in anxiety, improvements in mood and reductions in cardiovascular measures such as blood pressure. .
Corvo E., Skingley A., Clift S.	Community singing, wellbeing and older people: implementing and evaluating an English singing for health intervention in Rome	Results: After the singing experience, participants showed a decrease in their levels of anxiety and depression. .
Corvo E., Skingley A., Clift S.	Community singing, wellbeing and older people: implementing and evaluating an English singing for health intervention in Rome	The findings from this study are similar, therefore, in showing some reductions in anxiety and depression items. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	These members were found to experience a moderate reduction (d = 0.44) in mental distress over that time period. .
Wyatt M., Liggett S.	The Potential of Painting: Unlocking Disenfranchised Grief for People Living With Dementia	It was noted within this research that all participants anxiety decreased throughout the session. .
Muller-Pinget, S.; Carrard, I.; Ybarra, J.; Golay, A.	Dance therapy improves self-body image among obese patients.	Self-body image was hence strengthened. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	It is reasonable to expect that someone who develops such abilities in a supportive situation, and demonstrates command of them in public, will gain confidence and self-esteem. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	It had changed their lives, giving them faith in their own abilities and enabling them to value their own struggle for recognition. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	The quality in all those kinds of things were aiming for like self-esteem and respect and all that type of stuff. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	And actually a lot of those things like self-esteem come out of feeling that youve done something thats good, and strong and works... .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	you have to feel proud of them havent you? .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	Part of the recovery process involves building up self-esteem. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	a lot of those things like self-esteem come out of feeling that youve done something thats good, and strong and works. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	The self-esteem and stuff is important too, thats part of the recovery. .
Morse, N.; Thomson, L.J.M.; Brown, Z.; Chatterjee, H.J.	Effects of creative museum outreach sessions on measures of confidence, sociability and well-being for mental health and addiction recovery service-users	promote self-esteem and a sense of identity and community; and . .
Australian Expert Group in Industry Studies , AEGIS,	Social impacts of Participation in the Arts and Cultural Activities	These included community ownership, education and increased self-esteem. .
Hacking, S.; Secker, J.; Spandler, H.; Kent, L.; Shenton, J.	Evaluating the impact of participatory art projects for people with mental health needs.	The most common expected outcome, considered primary, was increased self-esteem and confidence. .
Wiseman, R.; Watt, C.	Achieving the impossible: a review of magic-based interventions and their effects on wellbeing	The work aims to boost self-esteem and provide a sense of mastery. .
Troscianko E.T.	Literary reading and eating disorders: Survey evidence of therapeutic help and harm	Especially if I like the main character and look up to them. .
Caswell M., Migoni A.A., Geraci N., Cifor M.	‘To Be Able to Imagine Otherwise’: community archives and the importance of representation	And so I think the implications are huge as far as self-realization, or pride-building, or knowledge enhancement, all of those things. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	Improved self-image and self-trust were paramount to the perceived quality of life and wellbeing of the participants. .
Ronzi S., Orton L., Pope D., Valtorta N.K., Bruce N.G.	What is the impact on health and wellbeing of interventions that foster respect and social inclusion in community-residing older adults? A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies	(i) improved attention to self-care, self-worth and enjoyment; .
Thomson L.J., Morse N., Elsden E., Chatterjee H.J.	Art, nature and mental health: assessing the biopsychosocial effects of a ‘creative green prescription’ museum programme involving horticulture, artmaking and collections	Self-esteem Another key area related in interviews was the development of self-esteem through the programme. .
Saavedra J., Arias S., Crawford P., Pérez E.	Impact of creative workshops for people with severe mental health problems: art as a means of recovery	Undoubtedly, these effects are connected with increasing self-esteem and the time-out phenomenon mentioned in the previous section. .
Waddington-Jones C., King A., Burnard P.	Exploring wellbeing and creativity through collaborative composition as part of hull 2017 city of culture	It is closely connected to goals and ambition, and it seems likely that gaining mastery or competence in a particular skill may increase self-esteem. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	He described it as a personal reward. .
Warran K., Fancourt D., Perkins R.	The experience and perceived impact of group singing for men living with cancer: A phenomenological study	But that in itself is a good thing. .
Williamson V.J., Bonshor M.	Wellbeing in brass bands: The benefits and challenges of group music making	You get a sense of achievement that can boost your self-esteem. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	Another said, It builds self-esteem and protects against relapses. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	... gives people a sense of achievement, pride in themselves and in their community. .
Bernard M., Rickett M., Pruchno R.	The cultural value of older peoples experiences of theater-making: A review	Participants also reported increased self-worth and self-advocacy. .
Kabel A., Teti M., Zhang N.	The art of resilience: photo-stories of inspiration and strength among people with HIV/AIDS	Participants also reported increased self-worth and self-advocacy. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	So I liked being the best one. .
Kochergina E.	Urban Planning Aspects of Museum Quarters as an Architectural Medium for Creative Cities	Such situation can provide flourishing self-empowered live being. .
Muller-Pinget, S.; Carrard, I.; Ybarra, J.; Golay, A.	Dance therapy improves self-body image among obese patients.	Moreover, the motivation to look after their bodies and health, change their eating behavior, and ultimately lose weight would be strengthened. .
Dahlgren, G., ; Whitehead, M.,	Policies and strategies to promote social equity in health	research for health promotion (including analysis of social inequities in health) . .
Dahlgren, G., ; Whitehead, M.,	Policies and strategies to promote social equity in health	Information and Education health promotion . .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Broadly speaking, empowering a community can be understood as providing individuals with access to tools and services such as training, education and healthcare. .
Jones M., Kimberlee R., Deave T., Evans S.	The role of community centre-based arts, leisure and social activities in promoting adult well-being and healthy lifestyles	The multiple routes for enrolment on to community centre-based activities are likely to address unmet health needs, while the development of new and potentially supportive social networks provide local assets for health. .
Beauchet O., Cooper-Brown L., Hayashi Y., Galery K., Vilcocq C., Bastien T.	Effects of thursdays at the Museum at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts on the mental and physical health of older community dwellers: The art-health randomized clinical trial protocol	This program helped to create a much broader approach to health promotion with a strong community focus. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	These programmes are used to support recovery from health issues through providing access to increased social supports and engagement in meaningful activities. .
Maritz G.U., Coetzee M.-H.	Creative synergy: Using community theatre and appreciative inquiry for young peoples critical participation in HIV prevention and education	Through the discovery and dream process it has the ability to unleash creative energy within participants. .
Jackson, A., ; McManus, R.,	SROI in the art gallery; valuing social impact	Through interacting at Turner Contemporary, the participants improve their social skills, finding it easier to socialise outside of the organisation, enabling them to enjoy a sense of belonging to the community. .
Mc L.J., Harrison I.R.	The effects of built environment design on opportunities for wellbeing in care homes	A positive result of these interventions was that they often led to social interactions. .
Ronzi S., Orton L., Pope D., Valtorta N.K., Bruce N.G.	What is the impact on health and wellbeing of interventions that foster respect and social inclusion in community-residing older adults? A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies	(ii) improved social interactions; and .
Roe B., McCormick S., Lucas T., Gallagher W., Winn A., Elkin S.	Coffee, Cake & Culture: Evaluation of an art for health programme for older people in the community	It is social and they are able to chat. .
Boyce M., Bungay H., Munn-Giddings C., Wilson C.	The impact of the arts in healthcare on patients and service users: A critical review	Other benefits to the individuals included increased enjoyment and satisfaction, and the opportunity to share and connect with others, and increased social interaction. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	It also, and perhaps crucially, represented a model of good communication which seemed, in many cases, to rehabilitate the ability to develop relationships which people could then transfer to their lives more broadly. .
Sextou P., Smith C.	Drama is for Life! Recreational Drama Activities for the Elderly in the UK	However, it is apparent that attending the group gives the participants an opportunity to enjoy a substantial amount of social interaction. .
Warran K., Fancourt D., Perkins R.	The experience and perceived impact of group singing for men living with cancer: A phenomenological study	And your social life becomes more . .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	At a basic level, they bring people together, and provide neutral spaces in which friendships can develop. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	The stimulation of social interactions helps to tackle isolation and contributes to building bonds. .
Morse, N.; Thomson, L.J.M.; Brown, Z.; Chatterjee, H.J.	Effects of creative museum outreach sessions on measures of confidence, sociability and well-being for mental health and addiction recovery service-users	provide a positive social experience, reducing social isolation; . .
Moody, E., ; Phinney, A.,	A community-engaged art program for older people: fostering social inclusion.	The findings suggest that involvement in the arts decreased social isolation, developed community networks, and helped to bring groups of people together who otherwise would not have had the opportunity. .
Shaw K.	Y21: Culture-led regeneration in twenty-first century UK city regions	The cooperative and enriching group experiences in the workshop contexts resulted in solidarity and increased social bonds, new relationships and improved communication, new friendships and reduced isolation and adult-youth interactions and facilitated relationship building between individuals of different ethnic backgrounds. .
Ronzi S., Orton L., Pope D., Valtorta N.K., Bruce N.G.	What is the impact on health and wellbeing of interventions that foster respect and social inclusion in community-residing older adults? A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies	By contrast, befriending interventions focus on improving the level of social support and decreasing loneliness through one-to-one interaction 56 . .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	Social engagement This was a process of building relationships and meaningful connections which in turn increased engagement in the program, It made me feel less lonely. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	Engagement in shared experiences leading to increased communication and interaction has the potential to address social isolation in particular. .
Caló F., Steiner A., Millar S., Teasdale S.	The impact of a community-based music intervention on the health and well-being of young people: A realist evaluation	Through the intervention, some of young people who were bullied or experienced loneliness felt safe enough to get to know people and develop new friendships. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	This kind of contact changed relationships and reduced stigma. .
Lord V.M., Hume V.J., Kelly J.L., Cave P., Silver J., Waldman M., White C., Smith C., Tanner R., Sanchez M., Man W.D.-C., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing classes for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial	mixing and meeting different people Good discussions Sense of social support Felt supported by peers in group. .
Sextou P., Smith C.	Drama is for Life! Recreational Drama Activities for the Elderly in the UK	It helps them to forge friendships. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	It can contribute to social cohesion by developing networks and understanding, and building local capacity for organisation and self-determination. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	It can contribute to social cohesion by developing networks and understanding, and building local capacity for organisation and self-determination. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Equally important are the new relationships and contacts which have strengthened networking at community level and with public and voluntary organisations. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Individual benefits translate into wider social impact by building the confidence of minority and marginalised groups, promoting contact and contributing to social cohesion. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	In this regard, the proposed theoretical framework highlights cultures main function in sustainable development consists in its ability to stimulate a system of networks, especially through building social capital and enhancing leadership and organisational skills which can forge bottom-up process of collective action and revitalisation. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	First, building a sense of community where through the enhancement of social interaction, which leads to social cohesion, social capital can be formed (encompassing the effects on those more directly involved in the experience). .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Repeated opportunities for encounters and social interaction can produce social solidarity and social cohesion through the recognition of common interests and the creation of common connections. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Therefore, the formation of groups and the consequent enhancement of community involvement, grounded on values of trust and co-operation. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Therefore, individuals that are brought together through intensive interaction and cooperation activities might foster social capital and increase their ability for community involvement in the future. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Its experiential activities provide opportunities for social interaction and the creation of common grounds, developing trust of others, establishing social bonds and building bridges in a pluralistic society (social capital); subsequently, by bringing people together and enhancing community-oriented values, these activities strengthen public and critic awareness of their life settings and enhance specific community organizational skills, which can encourage capacity for collective action and civic engagement (community involvement). .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	However, as discussed earlier, the bridging connections that bring different people together are the ones that tend to reinforce community awareness. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The focus in these studies is on the process of community members coming together to pursue shared goalshow this gives them a feeling of connectedness and belonging, develops trust, and creates organizational skills and a habit of civic involvement. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Building a Sense of Community. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	This combination of shared interests and repeated opportunities for social interaction allows people to discover additional connections, which can create social links. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Specifically, the discussion above highlights the fact that the initial steps in building a capacity for collective action entail the establishment of interactions among community residents, which can then lead to social ties (bonds and bridges), a sense of common identity, and social cohesionall precursors to social capital. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	It begins with the promotion of social interaction that leads first to the formation of social cohesion through bonds and bridges and then to the formation of social capital. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Social capital is both an output of the increasing social cohesion and community identity at the community level (stage .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Beyond the connections with individuals, some residencies offer the opportunity to build new links between the organisation and specific social groups or institutions (for example, partnerships with neighbourhood associations, community groups or social institutions). .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Social networks became also a way to build up a bridge between digital and real communities. .
Richards, G., ; Wilson , J.,	Social Capital, Cultural Festivals and Tourism in Catalunya	Was vital in underpinning a sense of community and social cohesion. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Participatory residencies could also build new links between the venue and specific social groups or institutions (for example, partnerships with neighborhood associations, community groups or social institutions). .
Australian Expert Group in Industry Studies , AEGIS,	Social impacts of Participation in the Arts and Cultural Activities	They are also interested in the development of social capital as seen in the level of community trust, the development of social networks, the evolution of different groups and the extension of social relationships and community. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Through public involvement, social networks and cohesion can be developed. .
Horton, S., ; Spence, J.,	Scoping the economic and social impact of archives.	This thinking on social impact is closely related to concepts of social capital, the web of trust, associations, everyday contacts, cooperative skills, networking which act as social glue. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	One way of serving multiple imagined communities within a geographical community is to develop linkages between communities and identify ways of working together toward common goals. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	The basic components of social capital involve a sense of belonging within a community and the desire of community members to share knowledge and personal connections among one another in order to help the community grow collectively. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	By strengthening connections between different segments of the community the projects enabled the creation of bridging social capital. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	The societal connections nurtured by the projects may prompt the participating communities to pursue future community development projects designed to bring together community members with diverse backgrounds. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	How might you use participatory programs to forge stronger bonds with your community? .
Cole N., Stenström C.	The Value of California’s Public Libraries	Robust social infrastructure fosters contact, mutual support, and collaboration. .
Habron J., Butterly F., Gordon I., Roebuck A.	Being well, being musical: Music composition as a resource and occupation for older people	The project facilitated community engagement and relationship building. .
Goulding A.	How can contemporary art contribute toward the development of social and cultural capital for people aged 64 and older	Participants developed bonding social capital with each other, bridging social capital with group leaders, and linking social capital with gallery staff and researchers. .
Vakkari, P., ; Serola, S.,	Perceived outcomes of public libraries	Thus, this enhances the validity and reliability of the measures. .
Camic P.M., Baker E.L., Tischler V.	Theorizing how art gallery interventions impact people with dementia and their caregivers	Competency Various participants appeared to achieve a sense of competency through the experience: The team was very encouraging. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Urban economies, on the other hand, are Dominanted by new, rapidly growing industries in which innovation and technology are major drivers of development. .
Macrì, E.; Limoni, C.	Artistic activities and psychological well-being perceived by patients with spinal cord injury.	Then, the art therapist supports the patients in their creative activities. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	today, it is also the rationale behind Creative People and Places, Arts Council englands major arts access programme. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	and were seen to help in pursuing creative interests and further involvement in the arts, ranging from personal work to community projects. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The way in which the arts facilitate these developmental processes is through the raising of funds for local arts projects or facilities, the running of arts organizations and community arts projects, and the advising of local arts groups. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Be SpectACTive! is a network that uses its resources to facilitate that kind of support to artists and organisations within the project. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	In a view of marketing specialists, artistic and cultural value cocreation activities are subsequently undertaken by stakeholders such as patrons and funding bodies. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	The table focusing on artist jobs is an indicator of support for arts and culture. .
Rosenstein, C.,	Cultural development and city neighborhoods.	These cultural agencies and programs serve nonprofit cultural amenities such as museums and theaters, target cultural industries such as film and music production and, more recently, have begun to focus on supporting the artistic work- force. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	At the heart of the creative economy are the creative industries. .
Lommerse M., Eggleston R., Brankovic K.	Designing Futures: A Model for Innovation, Growth and Sustainability of the Craft and Design Industry	The Cluster Program is set in the context of the cultural and socio-economic contribution that creative industries can make to communities, and the impacts of policy and funding on fostering creative futures. .
Comunian R., Mould O.	The weakest link: Creative industries, flagship cultural projects and regeneration	Therefore, it needs to be acknowledged that alongside the establishment of the named cultural flagship developments, one of the emerging patterns of support to the local creative economy has been the development of more or less sectorial networks and organization supporting people in the creative sector. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	These resources make a place unique, in terms of attractiveness and of identity. .
Lenzo P., Traverso M., Salomone R., Ioppolo G.	Social life cycle assessment in the textile sector: An italian case study	This choice will emphasize the added value of the company in the local context in which it operates. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	People who are confident and capable get or create jobs. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	Participation in Service of a Community Need or Societal Goal. .
Chowdhury A., Maiti S.K., Bhattacharyya S.	How to communicate climate change ‘impact and solutions’ to vulnerable population of Indian Sundarbans? From theory to practice	Projects can gain sustainability by the presence of strong local institution and community participation. .
Butler U.M., Princeswal M.	Cultures of participation: Young peoples engagement in the public sphere in Brazil	Such projects offer another space of participation which has to do with the involvement of recipient groups and communities in the process of planning and implementation of particular projects. .
Ander, E.; Thomson, L.; Lanceley, A.; Menon, U.; Noble, G.	Heritage, Health and Wellbeing: Assessing the impact of a heritage focused intervention on health and wellbeing.	It is also crucial that people feel a sense of relatedness to other people, so that in addition to the personal, internally focused elements, peoples social experiences - the degree to which they have supportive relationships and a sense of connection with others - form a vital aspect of well-being. .
Beeksma, A., ; Chiara , D., C.	Participatory heritage in a gentrifying neighbourhood: Amsterdam’s Van Eesteren Museum as affective space of negotiations	People are encouraged to belong to the neighbourhood and to feel connected to it. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	As a result, people's sense of community and of belonging is strengthened. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Finally, in groups, it involves social interaction and coordination and can generate feelings of belonging and social support. .
McNaughton A., Aldington S., Williams G., Levack W.M.M.	Sing Your Lungs Out: A qualitative study of a community singing group for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)	This sense of community, connection, belonging and commonality was very important to the participants. .
Schneider J.	The arts as a medium for care and self-care in dementia: Arguments and evidence	It restores a sense of community, of supporting one another, of being important to one another. .
Windle G., Newman A., Burholt V., Woods B., OBrien D., Baber M., Hounsome B., Parkinson C., Tischler V.	Dementia and Imagination: A mixed-methods protocol for arts and science research	In other words, they wish to remain socially connected. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	Environmental: referring to improvements in the surrounding area and buildings to improve the quality of life for the local population. .
Nguyen T.H.N.	Design for design - Design by community	The community is directly affected and most aware of the issues and needs of the area where they live, so they can contribute effectively to improving the environment. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Subjective well-being and engagement in arts, culture and sport.	This is also the case for historical sites. .
Widodo J., Wong Y.C., Ismail F.	DIGITAL HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE METHODOLOGY for HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT of SINGAPORE	This will enable us to protect the neighborhood identity through the understanding of the history of the neighborhood. .
Widodo J., Wong Y.C., Ismail F.	DIGITAL HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE METHODOLOGY for HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT of SINGAPORE	It will give them a good sense of heritage and to be invested in their heritage. .
Hsu K.-W., Lin M.-L., Chao J.-C., Huang S.-F.	Constructing an evaluation framework for eco-museum operations-management performance, based on the case of Jhushan, Taiwan	Cultural Inheritance Preservation of cultural heritage. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	This movement was, as expected, accompanied by an increase in tourism activity. .
Dragićević V., Bole D., Bučić A., Prodanović A.	European capital of culture: Residents perception of social benefits and costs – maribor 2012 case study Evropska prestolnica kulture: Mnenje prebivalcev o družbenih koristih in stroških dogodka – primer Maribora 2012	However, local governments and event organizers usually focus on the economic benefits of attracting as many visitors as possible. .
Yamamura T., Zhang T.X., Fujiki Y.	The social and cultural impact of tourism development on world heritage sites: A case of the Old Town of Lijiang, China, 2000-2004	Tourist shops: these targeted tourists as users of their services and purchasers of their goods. .
Evans, G.,	Measure for measure: evaluating the evidence of culture’s contribution to regeneration.	It can be a critical focus for effective and sustainable urban regeneration. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	The communication objectives of the Programme were to improve the image and the branding of the city. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	In terms of increased visibility, one can see the Programme as an opportunity for (re) inventing the tourism industry for both the city and the county, too. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	These factors, together with professional marketing efforts, create the positive image of the city - the desired impact. .
Li, Y., ; Winters, J., V.	Urbanisation, natural amenities and subjective well-being: Evidence from US counties.	More generally, policy should continually aim to improve well-being by both better leveraging the benefits of cities such as higher productivity and human capital accumulation and minimising the costs that urbanisation creates..
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	It can be a critical focus for effective and sustainable urban regeneration. .
Degen, M., ; Garcia, M.,	The Transformation of the ‘Barcelona Model’: An Analysis of Culture, Urban Regeneration.	He gave a stronger impetus to the competitive drive of the city administration. .
García, B.,	Urban Regeneration, Arts Programming and Major Events: Glasgow 1990, Sydney 2000 and Barcelona 2004	Major events are seen as effective catalysts for city regeneration processes as they are able to merge tourism strategies with urban planning and can boost the confidence of local communities. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	The promotion of creative policies has been used by urban policy makers to boost and enhance not only its economic growth and development, but also the attractiveness of the city, the quality of life, and the social integration of foreigners. .
Rahbarianyazd, R., ; Doratli, N.,	Assessing the contribution of cultural agglomeration in urban regeneration through developing cultural strategies.	They may aim to boost economic regeneration, enhance city competitiveness and bring civic pride. .
Marková B., Slach O.	Culture-led urban regeneration strategy from the governance perspective: A case study of Černá louka in Ostrava Governance kulturou tažené urbánní regenerace: Případová studie Cerná louka v Ostravě	In addition to the impact on the entire city, winning the title offered an opportunity to revitalize the decaying city center and nearby areas. .
Ozden P.	Culture-led regeneration projects in post-industrial areas: The Istanbul experience	This type of regeneration would enable these areas and also the cities to gain a new image. .
Biondi L., Demartini P., Marchegiani L., Marchiori M., Piber M.	Understanding orchestrated participatory cultural initiatives: Mapping the dynamics of governance and participation	As a consequence, the entire neighbourhood has benefited from this urban renewal project. .
Goldsmith B., O’Regan T.	LOCOMOTIVES AND STARGATES: Inner‐city studio complexes in Sydney, Melbourne and Toronto	Filmmaking contributes to urban regeneration and citybranding, and provides an attendant boost to a citys standing in tables of global cities. .
Van Steenwinkel, I.; De Casterlé, B., D.; Heylighen, A.	How architectural design affords experiences of freedom in residential care for older people.	According to residents and caregivers this enhanced the access to outdoor places. .
Coulton, S.; Clift, S.; Skingley, A.; Rodriguez, J.	Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of community singing on mental health-related quality of life of older people: Randomised controlled trial.	People indicated their enjoyment of the experience and highlighted the benefits on mental health, well-being and social relationships. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Participatory projects can encourage people to become involved in environmental improvements and make them feel better about where they live. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	The lead officer thought the project improved his relationship with local people. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Indeed, these social virtues can stimulate the critical capacity in relation to life surroundings, and self-satisfaction and can induce collective actions that meet the needs of the local reality, and therefore foster citizenship and fairer societies. .
Evans, G.,	Measure for measure: evaluating the evidence of culture’s contribution to regeneration.	Its about the physical, social and economic well being of an area; its about the quality of life in our neighbourhoods. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	And in the middle are benefits that both enhance individuals personal lives and have a desirable spillover effect on the public sphere. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	In between are benefits that enhance individual lives and also have spillover effects that benefit the public sphere. .
Delanaey, L., ; Keaney, E.,	Cultural Participation, Social Capital and Civil Renewal in the United Kingdom: Statistical Evidence from National and International Survey Data.	Individual income has a positive effect on well-being. .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	Finally, it has potential benefits for the residents. .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	Residents' social relations positively influence their subjective well-being by positively influencing .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	Residents' sense of community positively influences their subjective well-being by positively influencing .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	Residents' social environment positively influences their subjective well-being by positively influencing .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	Residents' perceived positive tourism impact positively influences their subjective well-being by positively influencing .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	Sense of community demonstrated a significant positive effect on residents' cognitive wellbeing. .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	Residents with higher household income, better housing conditions, and a higher standard of living are more satisfied with their life and are happier. .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	A higher sense of community, comprising of sense of belonging, autonomy and proudness of living in the community, contributes to residents positive cognitive well-being. .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	The benefits of social environment are easy to observe and are valued by residents. .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	Residents experience more positive affect when they perceive tourism as having positive impacts on the local community. .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	Tourism has helped to increase the standard of living, improve local infrastructure, and promote local culture and crafts. .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	Tourism can lend a hand to building a better social environment for residents. .
Li, Y., ; Winters, J., V.	Urbanisation, natural amenities and subjective well-being: Evidence from US counties.	Living in a stronger local labour market with lower unemployment rates is expected to increase well-being. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	Its about the physical, social and economic well being of an area; its about the quality of life in our neighbourhoods. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	The successful re-branding of the town has created a feel good factor among local residents. .
Landry, C., ; Bianchini, F.,	The Creative City	The result makes the city feel more friendly. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Inhabitants daily social lives should be enriched and their native sense strengthened through the revitalization projects. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Subjective well-being and engagement in arts, culture and sport.	Satisfaction with amount of leisure time, in contrast, is greater among those engaging in all of the activities considered, providing some initial evidence of the positive leisure experience associated with these activities. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	Cultural clusters are associated with a variety of positive features of neighborhoods, including higher levels of local and regional civic engagement. .
Moody, E., ; Phinney, A.,	A community-engaged art program for older people: fostering social inclusion.	Learning new skills not only provides personal fulfillment, but also allows seniors to take on new social roles and contribute to their communities in new ways. .
Afacan Y., Afacan S.O.	Rethinking social inclusivity: Design strategies for cities	Universal cities can make the city life a shared experience by all people and help its population live in a high-quality sustainable built environment for now and the future. .
Punzi L., Chia M., Cipolletta S., Dolcetti C., Galozzi P., Giovinazzi O., Tonolo S., Zava R., Pazzaglia F.	The role of architectural design for rheumatic patients’ wellbeing: The point of view of environmental psychology	This approach can allow many people to cope better with their everyday life. .
Villanueva C.M.S.	Transformations of Urban Space in Community and Pedestrian Wellbeing	The ultimate goal of a resilient society is the wellbeing of its community. .
Venerandi A., Quattrone G., Capra L.	City form and well-being: What makes London neighborhoods good places to live?	It can help urban planners and city administrators to design neighborhoods which foster the wellness of their residents. .
Kumari G., Ratnesh M., Eguruze E.S.	Role of CSR in supporting tribal handicrafts of Jharkhand	As a result, this initiative has improved the socio-economic condition of the women artisans. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	A persons functional capacity and their ability to positively engage in the world around them can heavily influence their wellbeing. .
Ronzi S., Orton L., Pope D., Valtorta N.K., Bruce N.G.	What is the impact on health and wellbeing of interventions that foster respect and social inclusion in community-residing older adults? A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies	These included the following: improved selfesteem and confidence, enjoyment and satisfaction and happiness; improved interactions and relationships with others; feeling valued; and positive perceptions towards ageing and children. .
Biondi L., Demartini P., Marchegiani L., Marchiori M., Piber M.	Understanding orchestrated participatory cultural initiatives: Mapping the dynamics of governance and participation	(Project Curator) Their welfare improved as a result, and now they are proud to live there. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	People mentioned a range of positive social impacts: Its nice to be part of a group. .
Athens L.	Design for social sustainability at Seattles central library	This enhances downtown liveability and vibrancy. .
Thompson J., Day J.	Understanding the impact and value of temporary public art sculpture trails	The impact on local pride and the feelgood factor for people interested in the place. .
Moore R.C., Straus E., Dev S.I., Parish S.M., Sueko S., Eyler L.T.	Development and pilot randomized control trial of a drama program to enhance well-being among older adults	As a result of this program, our relationship with our community partner was strengthened. .
Schneider J.	The arts as a medium for care and self-care in dementia: Arguments and evidence	The benefits that follow arguably accrue to the whole of the community by making society more diverse. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	Most participants rated their quality of life as good or very good. .
Montalto, V., ; Campagna, D., ; Caperna, G.,	Does Culture Make a Better Citizen? Exploring the Relationship Between Cultural and Civic Participation in Italy	These kinds of socio-cultural benefits are even more relevant nowadays as they can potentially reach audiences who are new to arts and culture. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	On the other hand, new technologies contribute to the aesthetics of cultural projects. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	The increased attention paid to culture as a public policy tool is a relatively new phenomenon. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	For example, the opening of a gallery where there was none before has an impact on the cultural life of that place. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	(c) new nationally comparable measures or indicators that help assess important aspects of a communitys cultural offerings. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	The Participatory Turn in Cultural Policy: Paradigms, Models, Contexts.	On the other hand, new technologies contribute to the aesthetics of cultural projects. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	At the same time, it gave birth to unexpected models of cultural and artistic experimentation. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	However, it is interesting to observe that participatory experiences in the cultural sector are leading new processes of creation, art programming and policy. .
García, B., ; Melville, R., ; Cox, T.,	Creating an Impact: Liverpool’s Experience as European Capital of Culture	This suggests that the citys cultural offer has become a key dimension of the citys contemporary profile nationwide. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Introduction Cultural districts have become a global urban phenomenon in recent decades. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	The emerging cultural policy revolution puts such topics (Culture and creative industries, Heritage, Artistic intervention, Cultural institutions and activities...) at the core of the policy agendas at regional and city levels. .
Rahbarianyazd, R., ; Doratli, N.,	Assessing the contribution of cultural agglomeration in urban regeneration through developing cultural strategies.	In general, cultural places can be manifested as new flagship projects and heritage buildings with different characteristics. .
Pastak I., Kährik A.	The impacts of culture-led flagship projects on local communities in the context of post-socialist tallinn	Culture-led urban regeneration projects are often called flagship projects. .
Mckenzie M., Hutton T.	Culture-led Regeneration in the Post-industrial Built Environment: Complements and Contradictions in Victory Square, Vancouver	This should be taken into consideration together with the new role of culture in the city. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	Cultural festivals constitute one of the most representative prototypes of cultural heritage and, at the same time, have become one of the most dynamics of the current cultural landscape. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	They provide cultural opportunities for the audiences whether local or foreign that are often innovative, avant-garde and novel, and that complement, therefore, the fixed cultural infrastructures. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	This model also allows for the promotion of inclusive cultural heritage, a new concept for some in archaeological circles. .
Dragićević V., Bole D., Bučić A., Prodanović A.	European capital of culture: Residents perception of social benefits and costs – maribor 2012 case study Evropska prestolnica kulture: Mnenje prebivalcev o družbenih koristih in stroških dogodka – primer Maribora 2012	Cultural industry is a new form of economic activities, which has attracted much attention during the past years. .
Dragićević V., Bole D., Bučić A., Prodanović A.	European capital of culture: Residents perception of social benefits and costs – maribor 2012 case study Evropska prestolnica kulture: Mnenje prebivalcev o družbenih koristih in stroških dogodka – primer Maribora 2012	They add that social and cultural impacts may involve a shared experience, increased pride, widening of cultural horizons and or new and challenging ideas. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Thus, it plays a significant role in the process and policy-making of urban planning. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	By this way, this study intends to support effective usage of measurement and evaluation techniques in urban planning process. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Such work, in cities across the nation, can take our understanding of communities and our ability to impact them positively to a new level..
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Urban renewal is intended to improve the urban environment in accordance with the changing economic and social needs of the people. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	To do so, it can engender a more sustainable relationship between heritage conservation and overall planning in urban renewal..
Navarro Yanez, C., J.	Do ‘creative cities’ have a dark side? Cultural scenes and socioeconomic status in Barcelona and Madrid (1991–2001)	The process of urban renewal linked to this strategy involves the use of new urban space, as well as the renewal of central spaces in the city. .
Stupar A., Mihajlov V., Lalovic K., Colic R., Petrovic F.	Participative placemaking in Serbia: The use of the limitless GIS application in increasing the sustainability of universal urban design	It enables the identification (and recommendation) of design elements important for improving pedestrian safety and walkability. .
Stupar A., Mihajlov V., Lalovic K., Colic R., Petrovic F.	Participative placemaking in Serbia: The use of the limitless GIS application in increasing the sustainability of universal urban design	Accordingly, all policy implications generated by the identified level of accessibility should be considered in the process of upgrading the urban environment and its sustainable features..
Horgan D., Dimitrijević B.	Frameworks for citizens participation in planning: From conversational to smart tools	Contemporary approaches to sustainable urban planning and design recognise the importance of developing place-based frameworks for development that take holistic social, economic and environmental factors into consideration. .
Horgan D., Dimitrijević B.	Frameworks for citizens participation in planning: From conversational to smart tools	This has allowed the city to take a holistic view for planning for both public services and infrastructure. .
Trevino Sherk J., Cobreros Rodriguez C.	Rural democratic design: Participatory design and service learning strategies in sustainable development to promote civic mindedness in community development	These are essential in promoting civic mindedness in community development. .
Kochergina E.	Urban Planning Aspects of Museum Quarters as an Architectural Medium for Creative Cities	Thus, strong well-being core in urban structure becomes the next advantage. .
Urbanowicz K., Nyka L.	Interactive and Media Architecture - From Social Encounters to City Planning Strategies	If correlated well with the city planning strategies, they could serve as a successful 'bottom-up' planning tools for revitalisation of the problematic or dysfunctional spaces in the city. .
Afacan Y., Afacan S.O.	Rethinking social inclusivity: Design strategies for cities	The next section deals with social inclusivity within the context of universal urban design, which plays a significant role as a basic government policy to cope with the benefits and drawbacks of urbanisation. .
Afacan Y., Afacan S.O.	Rethinking social inclusivity: Design strategies for cities	According to government policy, providing well-designed inner and outer urban areas for now and the future is an essential requirement for sustainable communities. .
Afacan Y., Afacan S.O.	Rethinking social inclusivity: Design strategies for cities	A better understanding of the relationship between socially responsive urban design strategies and sustainable developments would be of value in promoting social inclusion and achieving a holistic approach in cities. .
Afacan Y., Afacan S.O.	Rethinking social inclusivity: Design strategies for cities	The inclusion of universal design principles alongside mat urbanism strategies can contribute significantly to attain the objectives of social sustainability fully within a built environment and successfully respond to efficiency in land use and flexibility in inner and outer city areas. .
Afacan Y., Afacan S.O.	Rethinking social inclusivity: Design strategies for cities	Therefore, achieving a sustainable performance within cities is highly correlated with implementing an appropriate design strategy along an overall consideration of a range of environmental design concerns, such as ergonomics guidelines, accessibility standards, building codes and urban planning specifications. .
Friesinger J.G., Topor A., Bøe T.D., Larsen I.B.	Studies regarding supported housing and the built environment for people with mental health problems: A mixed-methods literature review	The way the built environment is constructed matters. .
Capolongo S., Rebecchi A., Dettori M., Appolloni L., Azara A., Buffoli M., Capasso L., Casuccio A., Conti G.O., D’amico A., Ferrante M., Moscato U., Oberti I., Paglione L., Restivo V., D’alessandro D.	Healthy design and urban planning strategies, actions, and policy to achieve salutogenic cities	Design strategies, actions, and policies, identified to improve public health and wellbeing, underline that the connection between morphological and functional features of urban context and public health is crucial for contemporary cities and modern societies. .
Capolongo S., Rebecchi A., Dettori M., Appolloni L., Azara A., Buffoli M., Capasso L., Casuccio A., Conti G.O., D’amico A., Ferrante M., Moscato U., Oberti I., Paglione L., Restivo V., D’alessandro D.	Healthy design and urban planning strategies, actions, and policy to achieve salutogenic cities	This is crucial to the understanding of how to allow the city to improve its development and protect the well-being of its citizens. .
Capolongo S., Rebecchi A., Dettori M., Appolloni L., Azara A., Buffoli M., Capasso L., Casuccio A., Conti G.O., D’amico A., Ferrante M., Moscato U., Oberti I., Paglione L., Restivo V., D’alessandro D.	Healthy design and urban planning strategies, actions, and policy to achieve salutogenic cities	Indeed, it is an approach of actions and policies aimed at improving local neighborhoods and city gathering places. .
Venerandi A., Quattrone G., Capra L.	City form and well-being: What makes London neighborhoods good places to live?	Outcomes of this research can inform the discussion on how to design cities which foster the wellbeing of their residents. .
Venerandi A., Quattrone G., Capra L.	City form and well-being: What makes London neighborhoods good places to live?	Method and outcome can help urban planners and administrators in shaping cities which foster the well-being of their residents. .
Środa-Murawska S.	Railway feat. culture – Rumia library effect as an example of the influence of culture-led regeneration in a medium-sized city in Poland	Nowadays, good-quality public space can determine the development of a city. .
Cerreta M., Daldanise G., Sposito S.	Culture-led regeneration for urban spaces Monitoring complex values networks in action	This allows the identification of more appropriate actions for the regeneration of buildings and urban spaces to be taken. .
Ozden P.	Culture-led regeneration projects in post-industrial areas: The Istanbul experience	This allows the identification of more appropriate actions for the regeneration of buildings and urban spaces to be taken. .
Vardopoulos I., Stamopoulos C., Chatzithanasis G., Michalakelis C., Giannouli P., Pastrapa E.	Considering urban development paths and processes on account of adaptive reuse projects	More broadly, findings from the current research could be valuable to decision-makers and involved stakeholders aiming to achieve successful sustainable urban development. .
Lange-Valdés C.	Architecture as an apparatus of urban regeneration: 20 years of the Bilbao Guggenheim Museum La arquitectura como dispositivo de regeneración urbana: 20 años del Museo Guggenheim Bilbao	The foregoing merits a detailed review regarding its ability to produce new forms of urbanity. .
Collazo A.A.	Progress, mobility and Urban regeneration in a traditional neighbourhood: El Encino, Mexico	In the pursuit of a sustainable city it is necessary to promote healthy and functional neighbourhoods. .
Plaza B., Tironi M., Haarich S.N.	Bilbaos art scene and the Guggenheim effect revisited	This newly emerged art cluster is the result of a comprehensive urban regeneration strategy with the goal to improve local urban structures, social integration and quality of life. .
Małuj J., Załuski D.	Emotional and Social Potential of Art in the City	The visionary and artistic approach to shaping the urbanized space and creating a committed art of improving living conditions have often carved reality. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	This data indicates that inhabitants of the neighbouring municipalities use the city on a daily basis. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	Signs of a vibrant culture of active participation are all around us. .
Arikan, Y., ; Clark, T., N.; Noonan, D., S.; Tolley, G.,	The arts, Bohemian scenes, and income.	The New Urbanism added pedestrianism and street life. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Cities are territory of dense networks of interacting people, markets and activities. .
Urbanowicz K., Nyka L.	Interactive and Media Architecture - From Social Encounters to City Planning Strategies	Actually, the range of urban interactive and media installations is noticeably expanding. .
Arikan Y., Clark T.N., Noonan D.S., Tolley G.	The arts, Bohemian scenes, and income	The New Urbanism added pedestrianism and street life. .
Hinrichs U., Jacucci G., Valkanova N., Carpendale S., Kuikkaniemi K., Arroyo E.	Large displays in urban life - From exhibition halls to media facades	Recent trends show an increasing prevalence of large interactive displays in public urban life. .
Hinrichs U., Jacucci G., Valkanova N., Carpendale S., Kuikkaniemi K., Arroyo E.	Large displays in urban life - From exhibition halls to media facades	Recent years have shown a proliferation of large interactive displays in urban life environments. .
Breed A.	Environmental aesthetics, social engagement and aesthetic experiences in Central Asia	The street was full of people. .
Cavalcanti A.R.C.	How does work shape informal cities? The critical design of cities and housing in brazilian slums	This leads to a greater presence of tighter, more close-knit communities. .
Stanczyk M.M.	Music therapy in supportive cancer care	Improvisation can improve communication and self-expression. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	This can enhance the quality and capacity for dialogue. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Because it values relationship and community. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Fostering trust between participants and thereby increasing their generalized trust of others. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Providing an experience of collective efficacy and civic engagement, which spurs participants to further collective action... to be a source of pride for residents (participants and nonparticipants alike) in their community, increasing their sense of connection to that community. .
Montalto, V., ; Tacao Moura, C., J.; Langedijk, S., ; Saisana, M.,	Culture counts: An empirical approach to measure the cultural and creative vitality of European cities.	However, greater levels of generalised trust may be found in smaller cities due to a stronger sense of community. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	To summarize, individuals with larger and denser interpersonal discussion networks about culture-related topics had more positive perceptions of life satisfaction and social support. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Social cohesion Social cohesion refers to the extent of connectedness and solidarity among groups in society. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	Fostering trust between participants and thereby increasing their generalized trust of others Providing an experience of collective efficacy and civic engagement, which spurs participants to further collective action Arts events may be a source of pride for residents (participants and nonparticipants alike) in their community, increasing their sense of connection to that community. .
Beeksma, A., ; Chiara , D., C.	Participatory heritage in a gentrifying neighbourhood: Amsterdam’s Van Eesteren Museum as affective space of negotiations	This form of citizenship centres on feelings of local belonging and makes people feel that a certain place is truly home. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	The experience of working together The project did indeed significantly lift the spirit of the community and bond them in a difficult time. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Sense of community and cultural identity Sense of community can be defined as a feeling that members have of belonging, a feeling that members matter to one another and to the group, and a shared faith that members' needs will be met through their commitment to be together. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Moreover, feelings of attachment help inhabitants find their roots and strengthen their sense of local identity, belonging and security. .
Bygren, L.O.; Konlaan, B.B.; Johansson, S.E.	Attendance at cultural events, reading books or periodicals, and making music or singing in a choir as determinants for survival: Swedish interview survey of living conditions	Attending cultural events widens a social network and gives the feeling of belonging to a group, and this in itself could be the important determinant of survival. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Regular interactions with cultural communities, organizations, families, and neighbours foster a sense of belonging, home, and social location. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Ultimately, this bridging may generate a broader community identity and sense of reciprocity within the community. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	These activities can build loyalty and buy-in to the organizations mission, and foster a sense of community. .
Jackson, A., ; McManus, R.,	SROI in the art gallery; valuing social impact	Outcome 2 - they strengthened their social networks Participants improve their ability to form better and stronger relationships and therefore feel less lonely and experience a sense of belonging to the community. .
Moody, E., ; Phinney, A.,	A community-engaged art program for older people: fostering social inclusion.	Community refers to a group of relationships that can be relied on to help people meet their social needs, and includes not only family and close friends but also those who have a meaningful role in each others lives. .
Kosk K.	Social Participation in Residential Architecture as an Instrument for Transforming Both the Architecture and the People Who Participate in It	This occurs because by participating in joint events with other residents, human identifies with both the place and the people who become close to them. .
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	Moreover, the classes allowed them to strengthen ties with close friends and family through sharing their new interests, and they enjoyed enhanced well-being linked both to more positive moods and a sense of belonging. .
Biondi L., Demartini P., Marchegiani L., Marchiori M., Piber M.	Understanding orchestrated participatory cultural initiatives: Mapping the dynamics of governance and participation	As one example of a social benefit, they begun to positively identify themselves with the district, from which a sense of belonging emerged. .
Peterson M.	Living with difference in hyper-diverse areas: how important are encounters in semi-public spaces? Vécu de la différence dans les quartiers hyper-divers : importance des rencontres dans les espaces semi-publics El vivir con lo diferente en zonas excesivamente diversas: ¿cuán importantes son los encuentros en espacios semi-públicos?	In groups organized around a shared ethnicity or culture, the intense encounters between participants facilitate not just new friendships but the development of family-like ties. .
Peterson M.	Living with difference in hyper-diverse areas: how important are encounters in semi-public spaces? Vécu de la différence dans les quartiers hyper-divers : importance des rencontres dans les espaces semi-publics El vivir con lo diferente en zonas excesivamente diversas: ¿cuán importantes son los encuentros en espacios semi-públicos?	The groups meetings made her and the other women grow closer together as a group; like family. .
Peterson M.	Living with difference in hyper-diverse areas: how important are encounters in semi-public spaces? Vécu de la différence dans les quartiers hyper-divers : importance des rencontres dans les espaces semi-publics El vivir con lo diferente en zonas excesivamente diversas: ¿cuán importantes son los encuentros en espacios semi-públicos?	Regarding visitors feelings of belonging and home, both the friend-like interactions at the centre and the fleeting encounters at the library result in a heightened sense of familiarity and connectedness with the neighbourhood and others. .
Peterson M.	Living with difference in hyper-diverse areas: how important are encounters in semi-public spaces? Vécu de la différence dans les quartiers hyper-divers : importance des rencontres dans les espaces semi-publics El vivir con lo diferente en zonas excesivamente diversas: ¿cuán importantes son los encuentros en espacios semi-públicos?	The personal and social bonding attained through light as well as deeper encounters, consequently, makes people feel more at home at the centre and beyond. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	The fact that they were part of a largely public celebration seemed to enhance the sense of belonging and collective identity associated with their participation. .
Thomson L.J., Morse N., Elsden E., Chatterjee H.J.	Art, nature and mental health: assessing the biopsychosocial effects of a ‘creative green prescription’ museum programme involving horticulture, artmaking and collections	This shared understanding of each other played a key role in building a sense of community in the programme. .
Roe B., McCormick S., Lucas T., Gallagher W., Winn A., Elkin S.	Coffee, Cake & Culture: Evaluation of an art for health programme for older people in the community	The residents bonded well with each other and friendships among residents developed as had shared experiences. .
Deane K., Fitch M., Carman M.	An innovative art therapy program for cancer patients.	And the feeling of bonding and friendship with the other participants, you know, who are going through. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	Because then it builds stronger friendships. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	(Survey respondent) The closeness and camaraderie that developed through the participatory arts built social connections, for example, some residents in stage 1 described their new group identity as being a member of a club: Yes, its made it more a communal feeling. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	I think that definitely benefitted with certain friendships, because friendships have grown here. .
Waddington-Jones C., King A., Burnard P.	Exploring wellbeing and creativity through collaborative composition as part of hull 2017 city of culture	It is likely that the sharing of these personal experiences facilitated socioemotional bonding between the group members. .
Garcia Yeste C., Gairal Casadó R., Munté Pascual A., Plaja Viñas T.	Dialogic literary gatherings and out-of-home child care: Creation of new meanings through classic literature	Thus, DLGs strengthened their feeling of community, which directly influenced the students to feel closer to one another. .
Garcia Yeste C., Gairal Casadó R., Munté Pascual A., Plaja Viñas T.	Dialogic literary gatherings and out-of-home child care: Creation of new meanings through classic literature	Consequently, knowing one another better promoted greater friendship and a desire to be helpful. .
Forbes M.	“We’re pushing back”: Group singing, social identity, and caring for a spouse with Parkinson’s	For some caregivers, the group provided support because it created genuine friendships and deep relationships. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Jetten J., Rowan C.	Identification with arts-based groups improves mental wellbeing in adults with chronic mental health conditions	Participation in the groups only improved mental wellbeing when participants saw the group as an important part of their identity. .
Stanczyk M.M.	Music therapy in supportive cancer care	Participating in music therapy facilitates an increased sense of community, of belonging to a group. .
Pearce E., Launay J., Machin A., Dunbar R.I.M.	Is Group Singing Special? Health, Well-Being and Social Bonds in Community-Based Adult Education Classes	These shared goals, attention foci and successes are all likely to enhance feelings of closeness and affiliation with the group. .
Pearce E., Launay J., Machin A., Dunbar R.I.M.	Is Group Singing Special? Health, Well-Being and Social Bonds in Community-Based Adult Education Classes	These were taken to represent how close or connected a participant felt to their class as a whole group. .
Sextou P., Smith C.	Drama is for Life! Recreational Drama Activities for the Elderly in the UK	This would suggest that the class not only forged friendships but also supported and benefitted most of the participants on a social level. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	It therefore better equips collectivities and communities to enter into relationships and cooperate with others as equals. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Indeed, a deeper level of trust and identity among community members (to support future undertakings) builds community capacity for collective action. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	In turn, when bringing people together, it helps to increase public awareness and to improve group planning and organising activities, the core bases of community empowerment for collective action. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	It describes the capacity for mutual co-operation towards the collective well-being within a community or wider society. .
Kesler T., Gibson L., Jr., Turansky C.	Bringing the book to life: Responding to historical fiction using digital storytelling	It is also expected in a community engaged in authentic joint activity. .
Frishkopf, M.; Hamze, H.; Alhassan, M.; Zukpeni, I., A.; Abu, S.; Zakus, D.	Performing arts as a social technology for community health promotion in northern Ghana.	Thank you for this positive move in our community. .
Hill Strategies , R.,	Social Effects of the Arts: Exploratory Statistical Evidence.	The connections formed at the neighbourhood level can have an important impact on peoples identities and pride. .
Žilič Fišer S., Kožuh I.	The Impact of Cultural Events on Community Reputation and Pride in Maribor, The European Capital of Culture 2012	Participation was, however, found to have a statistically significant effect on community pride. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	They are typically essential to building cross-sector cooperation among different groups for sustaining this community mobilization. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Additionally, these new relationships with other sectors (social, economic, educational, youth) allow for new spaces of intersection and convergence that, in turn, enhance greater institutional support, commitment and/or coordination. .
Mc L.J., Harrison I.R.	The effects of built environment design on opportunities for wellbeing in care homes	These points of interconnection formed hubs for communication and interaction. .
Lommerse M., Eggleston R., Brankovic K.	Designing Futures: A Model for Innovation, Growth and Sustainability of the Craft and Design Industry	Participants were able to share knowledge and information due to the broadening of their networks. .
Lommerse M., Eggleston R., Brankovic K.	Designing Futures: A Model for Innovation, Growth and Sustainability of the Craft and Design Industry	Strengthened teamwork and support networks have been evident in subsequent interaction outside the workshops and in participants assisting each other at special events. .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	I suppose thats an excellence element. .
Athens L.	Design for social sustainability at Seattles central library	The views are indeed spectacular, providing orientation to the surrounding neighborhood and a sense of place within the urban context. .
Racicot-Matta, C.; Wilcke, M.; Egeland, G., M.	Development of radio dramas for health communication pilot intervention in Canadian Inuit communities.	Building community capacity was an additional benefit of using the Participatory Process. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	New skills and confidence can be empowering as community groups become more (and more equitably) involved in local affairs. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	By fostering a sense of collective identity, by increasing community confidence and the willingness of individuals to cooperate, a dynamic and diverse culture will be a significant contributor to community development. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	These activities can provide an important basis for building social capital and community identity. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	In this way, they may hope to become key participants in developing their communities. .
Marková B., Slach O.	Culture-led urban regeneration strategy from the governance perspective: A case study of Černá louka in Ostrava Governance kulturou tažené urbánní regenerace: Případová studie Cerná louka v Ostravě	A cultural cluster can create an essential identification element for local residents and strengthen regional identity. .
Killick A.	Resisting the creative economy on Liverpools north shore: Art-based political communication in practice	Its just that we hope we have more of a community conscious idea of our place in all of this, which is clearly missing from other peoples re-generational ideas. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	This awareness calls for a reflection on cultural and social dynamics capable of contributing to the process of empowerment of local communities. .
Russell M.G.	Evolving media metrics from assumed attention to earned engagement	It is imperative to understand the relevance and role of community in empowerment, sharing, and leadership for communication and influence. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	The greater our exposure to other views of human experience, the better we understand ourselves as individuals, communities and societies: open and diverse cultural expression enables a broad range of views and beliefs to be communicated. .
Ylipulli J., Luusua A.	“Without libraries what have we? : Public libraries as nodes for technological empowerment in the era of smart cities, AI and big data	The implementation of these objectives is based on sense of community, pluralism and cultural diversity. .
Secker J., Heydinrych K., Kent L., Keay J.	Why art? Exploring the contribution to mental well-being of the creative aspects and processes of visual art-making in an arts and mental health course	Research with more diverse populations may contribute further to understanding of the impact on mental well-being of engaging in creative processes..
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	On the other hand, they foment bridging by breaking down barriers based on cultural differences, enabling a better understanding of the world around and developing opportunities to discuss social problems and participate in civil society. .
Bird J.M., Karageorghis C.I.	A Grounded Theory of Music-Video Use in an Exercise Facility	The social process of accommodation entails individuals or groups making adjustments to a new situation in order to resolve conflict and promote equilibrium. .
Deane K., Fitch M., Carman M.	An innovative art therapy program for cancer patients.	A knowledgeable, compassionate, flexible, and thoughtful facilitator created an atmosphere of respect and openness. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	But a community artist must respect other peoples decisions, and the values and judgements on which they are based, even when they do not share them. .
McGarry J., Bowden D.	Unlocking stories: Older womens experiences of intimate partner violence told through creative expression	They did this collectively and with mutual respect for each others opinions. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	Cultural participation in all forms therefore tends to promote group interaction and cooperation. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	We have seen that culture contributes to people's willingness to cooperate both directly and through increased understanding and strengthened identity. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	D. Building a sense of community As identified in the empirical work review, cultural activities provide opportunities through different inputs for people to come together and interact. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	A further shift in the rationale of participatory arts practices lies in the new attention towards social interaction between different groups and intercultural encounter and exchange. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	At the same time that cultural engagement fosters community-building processes at the neighborhood level, it also generates cross-community connections that bridge traditional barriers of social class, ethnicity, and geography. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	Culture is more than ever a tool to address local and global challenges, to connect people, to innovate, to acquire knowledge or to generate intercultural dialogue and collaboration - ultimately leading to more peaceful and united societies. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	(i) the promotion of cultural diversity and intercultural dialogue; .
Felton E., Vichie K., Moore E.	Widening participation creatively: creative arts education for social inclusion	This tended to have the effect of enhancing their engagement and emphasizes the importance of the relationship between student and facilitator. .
Caswell M.	Community-centered collecting: Finding out what communities want from community archives	Responses reflecting this theme commented on cultural awareness, the success of bridging two cultures, and the respondents ability to adapt. .
Ylipulli J., Luusua A.	“Without libraries what have we? : Public libraries as nodes for technological empowerment in the era of smart cities, AI and big data	Moreover, the activities seem to support inclusion, participation, and multicultural and multigenerational encounters. .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	For example, the various program components enabled learning, connection, activity, opportunities to engage with others, and shared experiences to occur. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	This led to an enhanced relationship, which spread out into other facets of her life in the hostel as she began to relate to others. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	A high level of enjoyment and engagement with the sessions was found, which supported easier communication and social engagement. .
Shim A., Yecies B., Ren X., Wang D.	Cultural intermediation and the basis of trust among webtoon and webnovel communities	Such cultural intermediaries might best be described as facilitators of cross-cultural flows. .
Walwema J.	Digital notebooks: Composing with open access	What sorts of intercultural communication competencies must we develop and foster? .
Bridger A.J., Emmanouil S., Lawthom R.	Trace.space: a psychogeographical community project with members of an arts and health organisation	Here the workshops enabled a productive dialogue across different arenas, where we coproduced new knowledge collectively and in collaboration with each other, in what we hope can be seen in the spirit of participatory creativity. .
Lu Q., Zheng D., Young L., Kagawa-Singer M., Loh A.	A pilot study of expressive writing intervention among Chinese-speaking breast cancer survivors	In addition, the CBPR enabled the development of true partnership between researchers and the community, which paved the way for designing culturally relevant and appropriate research, promoting the program's sustainability and dissemination, and facilitating further collaboration between community and researchers. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	During this phase many stakeholders and partners came together to deliver a cultural base community development program in the area. .
Chowdhury A., Maiti S.K., Bhattacharyya S.	How to communicate climate change ‘impact and solutions’ to vulnerable population of Indian Sundarbans? From theory to practice	Collaboration with multiple stakeholders was encouraged in these training programs. .
Tischler V., Howson-Griffiths T., Hedd-Jones C.H., Windle G.	Using art for public engagement: reflections on the Dementia and Imagination project	For the project team, public engagement developed relationships with collaborators and connected the research to different community settings, influencing future programmes of work. .
Pettersson C.	Psychological well-being, improved self-confidence, and social capacity: bibliotherapy from a user perspective	Interviews clarified that their social well-being had been positively influenced in various ways, including greater self-confidence and increased social interaction. .
Caló F., Steiner A., Millar S., Teasdale S.	The impact of a community-based music intervention on the health and well-being of young people: A realist evaluation	Our findings show that the intervention achieved a positive impact on the self-confidence, well-being and engagement of disadvantaged young people. .
Caló F., Steiner A., Millar S., Teasdale S.	The impact of a community-based music intervention on the health and well-being of young people: A realist evaluation	Bespoke approaches that are closer to the beneficiaries seem more likely to positively impact upon the engagement and well-being of disadvantaged young people. .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	The fun spirit and welcoming feel of the group has the effect of assisting new community members through a major life function whilst having a positive impact on the individuals psychological state. .
Young R., Camic P.M., Tischler V.	The impact of community-based arts and health interventions on cognition in people with dementia: A systematic literature review	A welcoming environment where participants feel valued may contribute significantly to how participants respond. .
Coulton, S.; Clift, S.; Skingley, A.; Rodriguez, J.	Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of community singing on mental health-related quality of life of older people: Randomised controlled trial.	Community group singing appears to have a significant effect on mental health-related quality of life, anxiety and depression, and it may be a useful intervention to maintain and enhance the mental health of older people..
Coulton, S.; Clift, S.; Skingley, A.; Rodriguez, J.	Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of community singing on mental health-related quality of life of older people: Randomised controlled trial.	Our primary hypothesis explored the potential benefits of singing groups on maintaining the mental health-related quality of life of older people. .
Coulton, S.; Clift, S.; Skingley, A.; Rodriguez, J.	Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of community singing on mental health-related quality of life of older people: Randomised controlled trial.	This suggests that the greatest benefit occurs when participants are engaged in singing groups and continued access to singing groups may confer important benefits on the mental health of the older population. .
Coulton, S.; Clift, S.; Skingley, A.; Rodriguez, J.	Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of community singing on mental health-related quality of life of older people: Randomised controlled trial.	We have undertaken an observational study of group singing for people with enduring and severe mental health issues over a year, and this demonstrated clinically important improvement in mental health outcomes. .
Daykin, N.; Mansfield, L.; Meads, C.	What Works for Wellbeing? A systematic review of wellbeing outcomes for music and singing in adults.	Music and singing have been shown to be effective in enhancing morale and reducing risk of depression in older people. .
Daykin, N.; Mansfield, L.; Meads, C.	What Works for Wellbeing? A systematic review of wellbeing outcomes for music and singing in adults.	Conclusions: There is reliable evidence for positive effects of music and singing on wellbeing in adults. .
Daykin, N.; Mansfield, L.; Meads, C.	What Works for Wellbeing? A systematic review of wellbeing outcomes for music and singing in adults.	Taken together, the studies broadly support the use of music and singing to enhance wellbeing and reduce or prevent depression in adults across the life span. .
Daykin, N.; Mansfield, L.; Meads, C.	What Works for Wellbeing? A systematic review of wellbeing outcomes for music and singing in adults.	For older adults, there is convincing evidence that regular participation in community music and singing activities can enhance and maintain wellbeing and prevent isolation, depression and mental ill health. .
Daykin, N.; Mansfield, L.; Meads, C.	What Works for Wellbeing? A systematic review of wellbeing outcomes for music and singing in adults.	Furthermore, interventions such as group singing may lead to improvements in wellbeing and quality of life for adults with a range of chronic conditions and in sensitive settings such as palliative care. .
Jeannotte, M., S.	Singing alone? The contribution of cultural capital to social cohesion and sustainable communities	Indeed, preliminary evidence would suggest that even singing alone may be a transfor mative experience and one of the key elements ofa sustainable community..
Goldenberg, R. B.	Singing Lessons for Respiratory Health: A Literature Review	Recently, several studies have explored the efficacy of music, and in particular, singing, as an effective psychological and physiological therapy. .
Goldenberg, R. B.	Singing Lessons for Respiratory Health: A Literature Review	The author concluded that singing training was helpful to disease management and may improve patients quality of life. .
Goldenberg, R. B.	Singing Lessons for Respiratory Health: A Literature Review	The authors concluded singing has a positive impact on overall health. .
Goldenberg, R. B.	Singing Lessons for Respiratory Health: A Literature Review	Quality of life improvements were attributed to the social interaction of group singing classes. .
Goldenberg, R. B.	Singing Lessons for Respiratory Health: A Literature Review	They reported working toward a goal gave them hope for the future and singing lifted their spirits, improved their mood, and increased their confidence. .
Goldenberg, R. B.	Singing Lessons for Respiratory Health: A Literature Review	They also reported they believed singing had helped improve their breathing and posture. .
Goldenberg, R. B.	Singing Lessons for Respiratory Health: A Literature Review	Grape et al39 found that singing lessons promote well-being in amateur singers. .
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	Its hard to know whether that is due to the act of singing (required breathing, focus and concentration and therefore being a mindful distraction) or whether the active support of the group lifts me. I personally feel that the two act together with a synergy which is particularly effective. .
Lindblad K., de Boise S.	Musical engagement and subjective wellbeing amongst men in the third age	Singing in a choir can lead to positive emotional experiences, making friends, achieving a sense of mastery and meaning, and staying active in both mind and body (Balsnes, 2018; Clift et al., 2010). .
Lindblad K., de Boise S.	Musical engagement and subjective wellbeing amongst men in the third age	When I listen to music I can relax, but when I sing I cant relax. .
Lindblad K., de Boise S.	Musical engagement and subjective wellbeing amongst men in the third age	He judged that the singing had a positive effect on both of them, making the contact less tense and more positive, creating moments of reminiscence and emotional wellbeing. .
Ronzi S., Orton L., Pope D., Valtorta N.K., Bruce N.G.	What is the impact on health and wellbeing of interventions that foster respect and social inclusion in community-residing older adults? A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies	Music and singing, intergenerational interventions, art and culture and multi-activity interventions were associated with an overall positive impact on health outcomes. .
Ronzi S., Orton L., Pope D., Valtorta N.K., Bruce N.G.	What is the impact on health and wellbeing of interventions that foster respect and social inclusion in community-residing older adults? A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies	This review suggests that music and singing, intergenerational initiatives, art and culture and multi-activity interventions may positively impact on wellbeing, subjective health, quality of life and physical and mental health. .
Núñez S.	Medicinal drumming: An ancient and modern day healing approach	Consonant vocalizations synergize the energy created by drumming and when used in concert with drumming or a cappella will enhance relaxation, stimulate physiological responses, deepen a state of consciousness, and elevate the spirit. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	Singing is very beneficial to health and it is energising. .
Ray K.D., Götell E.	The use of music and music therapy in ameliorating depression symptoms and improving well-being in nursing home residents with dementia	In music therapy, singing can lead to a sense of wellbeing as indicated by positive self-esteem, a sense of accomplishment and feelings of belonging (9). .
Ray K.D., Götell E.	The use of music and music therapy in ameliorating depression symptoms and improving well-being in nursing home residents with dementia	For caregivers, the use of Music Therapeutic Caregiving, which involves singing while providing care, has been shown to evoke positive emotions, reduce aggression, and create a sense of mutuality (10). .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Many studies have shown that singers report a wide range of social, psychological, spiritual, and health benefits associated with singing, and in this study we hypothesised that choral singing has a positive effect on a number of important dimensions of the choristers quality of life. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	(2017, forthcoming) The findings of this study supported the study hypothesis that choral singing is associated with enhanced health and well-being, in particular with the physical, psychological, and social dimensions of well-being. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The choristers considered that they received major positive and beneficial effects from their choir activity. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	As a result of joining the choir, I had a social outlet and I found singing to be very therapeutic. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Raising mood and relieving stress were amongst the most frequently mentioned psychological benefits of singing. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The comments made by choristers emphasised how choral singing resulted in improving their quality of life by providing a relaxed and calm environment where all could enjoy a sense of unity and friendship. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Findings from this study suggest that choral singing plays a very important role in psychological health as a component of the quality of life and also has benefits for emotional well-being. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	It is reasonable to argue that singing plays an important part in maintaining a positive perception of stable physical health. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Some of the reasons were music-related (the importance of singing in their lives and experiencing pleasure from singing without pressure); however, interestingly, the majority of the reasons were tied to social and health benefits. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Supporting previous research, participation in the singing group provided the opportunity to experience benefits to health and well-being, including experiencing and working through emotions, socialising with other people and sharing experiences and creating purpose and meaning in life. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	This improves significantly after involvement in singing or music listening activities (Koelsch et al. 2010), demonstrating the powerful nature of emotional expression through music. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Choir singing is one intervention that combines language and music in safe and enjoyable ways. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	When choir members become synchronised, they experience feelings of well-being. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Accordingly, choir singing was found to relax the vagus nerve, resulting in feelings of well-being and connectedness. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	This can be of benefit when depressed choir members practise their songs between choir meetings. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	They also reported significant improvements to their quality of life, emotional well-being, self-confidence and appreciation of singing. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Their research suggested that the choir engendered positive feelings, joyful and uplifting experiences, positive moods, increased happiness and enjoyment and distraction from internal negative thoughts and feelings. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Choir participation generated improved moods and social interactions. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	They described increased positive feelings and well-being, reduced stress, improved self-perceptions, improved singing abilities, feelings of belonging to a group, connecting with the local community, increased social networks and social functioning. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Some participant comments supported these results: Just singing uplifts me and definitely had a positive effect on my state of mind; social interactions been good, feel like we really achieved something. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The choir leader found that the choir singing promoted social engagement, lessening depressive symptoms. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Conclusion This chapter explored the power of music to improve depressive symptoms through therapeutic and community choirs, thereby improving health equity and promoting social justice. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Health and Well-Being Benefits of Singing for Older People Introduction Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Much of this research has focused on the value of singing for older people in community and care settings. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	This review provides an overview of the growing body of research evidence on the value of singing for the well-being and health of older people. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	It reported strong evidence on the positive effects of singing on feelings of happiness and well-being. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Choir members reported that singing increases happiness, gives a positive attitude to life, improves well-being and releases negative feelings. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Hearing the harmonies helps me forget family worries When recovering from a major stroke, singing was one of the ways of lifting my spirits out of depression Deep breathing, essential for singing, is one method of helping with signs of anxiety and stress You are kept fit by choral singing because you breathe correctly and engage your whole body in the activity I think choral singing is a particularly valuable and worthwhile activity with a real sense of achievement at a time when one might be feeling ones usefulness is declining The themes reflected in these comments are found in further studies of older singers in established choirs throughout the world. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Significant benefits in quality of life for the singers were found, including reduced levels of anxiety and depression at three months, and improved mental health-related quality of life at three months and six months follow up. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Improvements may reflect the muscle strengthening effects of singing. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Qualitative feedback from patients in both studies indicates clear physical, psychological and social benefits from singing. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Group singing was described as an enjoyable social activity and participation was perceived as improving mood, language, breathing and voice. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Mood was particularly found to increase for those who had lower mental well-being, and patients and carers (who also had the highest levels of depression) experienced the greatest short-term improvement in mood across the singing session. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Qualitative data showed clearly that singing promoted well-being for all participants. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The social experience of group singing with people experiencing similar problems was important. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Level of engagement in the singing activity was also associated with the degree of improvement. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Furthermore, the group members expressed positive feelings after each singing session, with an increased sense of accomplishment and belonging. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The programme objective was for participants to discover and experience the joy of singing. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The choir experience helped participants gain a sense of community and a sense of purpose; it increased their confidence, mood, energy, and alertness; and it established a positive climate. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Participation in the choir made them feel part of the community, improved their mood and made them feel valued, giving purpose to their lives. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Interestingly, participants chose to learn new songs and felt that this was the main benefit of the choir. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The study concluded that a music therapist-led choir was an effective psychosocial intervention for reducing depression and improving quality of life in older adults. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	As one participant, Joy, noted, when people can sing in their mother language it creates happiness. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Nevertheless, individuals felt excited, happy and proud to sing songs in their own language, indicating elements of strong self-identity. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	In line with growing evidence of the health benefits of singing, this study aimed to explore participants perceptions of the impact of a service-user-led community pain choir on their psychological wellbeing, self-efficacy and relationships with their chronic pain. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	Participants narratives provided support for participation in the choir in enhancing positive affect, self-worth, interpersonal relationships and overall wellbeing. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	Singing has been shown to improve emotional and mental wellbeing as it promotes positive affect, cognitive stimulation and regular commitment;52 enhances spirituality;53,54 and improves psychological difficulties and daily functioning for individuals with mental health difficulties.55 .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	The social and behavioural dimensions of pain may also be addressed through singing as it can contribute to social cohesion and identity, enabling individuals to develop positive interpersonal relationships through trust, co-operation and empathy,57 together with promoting empowerment, providing meaning and enhancing social roles.58,59 Choral singing has received public attention and appreciation over recent years through popular television shows like The Choir60 and Unsung Town61 which have portrayed group singing in a positive light. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	For example, some felt more in control of pain, were able to release their pain or were distracted from pain when immersed in singing: I try to ignore it ... .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	A number of specific mechanisms of the choir were identified as contributors to improved mood, including the manageable sessionlength which maintained interest, the inclusive and light-hearted choir environment (When youre singing youre freer! .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	Singing provided a temporary focus for several participants in which attention was directed towards a meaningful and rewarding activity. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	The choir seemed to offer an environment to observe personal strength, resulting in improved wellbeing and self-efficacy. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	While other research into singing identifies a number of comparable themes, this study provides additional insights into how attending a service-user-led pain choir might facilitate not only physical benefits and positive affect, but also have potential lasting effects on psychological wellbeing and self-efficacy through deeper intrapsychic changes. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	The choir also appeared to contribute to improved emotional wellbeing as a result of the strengths-focused ethos, together with other key mechanisms of the choir such as a fun and inclusive atmosphere. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	Finally, singing has also been found to increase empathy for others84 which may help to explain forgiveness within some participants relationships. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	Individuals appeared to be fully immersed in the process of singing which was a rewarding experience and a distraction from pain. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	Participants reported an increased sense of energy and relaxation, together with a reduction in pain, as the choir accommodates its members by enabling them to sing through their pain. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	The choir seemed to promote both positive affect and sustained emotional wellbeing which may counteract negative affective experiences often associated with pain. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	The findings reveal support for the positive impact of a service-user led choir in improving psychological wellbeing and self-efficacy in individuals who experience chronic pain. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	However, the pain choir is a valuable adjunct to this service as its strengths-focused environment enabled participants to develop their ability to live well with their pain. .
Fancourt D., Williamon A., Carvalho L.A., Steptoe A., Dow R., Lewis I.	Singing modulates mood, stress, cortisol, cytokine and neuropeptide activity in cancer patients and carers	This study provides preliminary evidence that singing improves mood state and modulates components of the immune system. .
Fancourt D., Williamon A., Carvalho L.A., Steptoe A., Dow R., Lewis I.	Singing modulates mood, stress, cortisol, cytokine and neuropeptide activity in cancer patients and carers	Furthermore, there was evidence that greater improvements in mood as a result of singing were associated with lower pro-inflammatory response. .
Cheong C.Y., Tan J.A.Q., Foong Y.-L., Koh H.M., Chen D.Z.Y., Tan J.J.C., Ng C.J., Yap P.	Creative Music Therapy in an Acute Care Setting for Older Patients with Delirium and Dementia	Success in singing, playing instruments, moving to music, or sharing memories related to music, may also fulfil a persons unmet needs for self-expression, achievement, meaning, and purpose. .
Corvo E., Skingley A., Clift S.	Community singing, wellbeing and older people: implementing and evaluating an English singing for health intervention in Rome	These highlight some methodological weaknesses in research on this issue, but nevertheless show that singing has potential for promoting wellbeing. .
Corvo E., Skingley A., Clift S.	Community singing, wellbeing and older people: implementing and evaluating an English singing for health intervention in Rome	The studies analysed show that singing is able to improve the conditions of participants more in terms of quality of life than on a physical level, nevertheless in the study reported on patients with asthma8 there was an improvement in peak expiratory rate and breathlessness and improvements in mood and quality of life. .
Corvo E., Skingley A., Clift S.	Community singing, wellbeing and older people: implementing and evaluating an English singing for health intervention in Rome	Results described by the review, despite the limitations already stated by the authors, appear to support the value of singing as an activity which can improve the health status of individuals. .
Corvo E., Skingley A., Clift S.	Community singing, wellbeing and older people: implementing and evaluating an English singing for health intervention in Rome	As in the case of lung function studies, singing proved to be a valuable tool for improving the mental and physical health of individuals of all ages. .
Corvo E., Skingley A., Clift S.	Community singing, wellbeing and older people: implementing and evaluating an English singing for health intervention in Rome	In conclusion, simple arts activities such as singing can have a major impact on the health and wellbeing of older people. .
Blackburn C.	‘The people in the purple shirts’: Froebelian insights to a Singing Medicine project in a children’s hospital	Protection from harm and promotion of well-being is facilitated by the training provided for and characteristics of the vocal tutors, as well as the contribution of the singing games to childrens (and families) sense of happiness and well-being. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	Results: Nursing home employees perceived singing to have potential benefits for their patients, such as reducing uneasiness, increased comfort, well-being and joy, improved sleep, and believed singing had the potential to reduce the need for medication and prevent accidents among their patients. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	Singing was found to have positive effects for the patients, their relatives and the staff, which improved the psychosocial working climate overall. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	Conclusions: Singing interventions could be a vital component for the enhancement of health, well-being and quality of life for the patients and staff in nursing homes. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	These were developed into subcategories: well-being, health promoting, beneficial, psychosocial working climate, and subsequently labelled (conceptualised) as the beneficial outcome of the singing programme, the staffs experiences of singing for and with the patients and the impact of singing on staffs psychosocial working climate. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	Singing has positive effects for patients, their relatives and the staff, which often benefits the psychosocial working climate. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	The singing sessions or singalongs in the evening resulted in calmer, less anxious and more relaxed patients, which demonstrates how singing influences behaviour. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	As such, putting singing on the agenda in daily practice had contributed to positive changes in bringing out the joy of singing: I have a colleague who has said for years, I cant sing, I cant sing, but I hear she can sing. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	We are always in a good mood after we have had these singing moments (Nurse). .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	Furthermore, especially in specific caring situations, singing was found to be a pleasant and thriving activity for both nurses, carers and patients, enhancing communication and a sense of well-being. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	Some called singing a form of musical care, enhancing quality of care that should not be underrated. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	The salutogenetic impact of the art of singing in nursing homes Music and singing are effective methods for reducing anxiety levels in older adults, and are generally beneficial to their health, well-being and quality of life (Eells, 2013). .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	In other words, singing helps participants to achieve happiness, contentment, satisfaction and peace (Lehmberg and Fung, 2010). .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	Several of the staff also reported observing the many ways singing songs and listening to music helped in various situations for mood and psyche and everything. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	As described here, singing improved mood, made the patients happier, calmer and more content. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	Previous research has also shown how singing activities can have an impact on energy levels, improve focus, enhance mood and promote relaxation in older persons with functional disabilities and in their caregivers. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	In consequence, the lay knowledge of the beneficial aspects of singing for care of self and others seemed to be learnt and embodied in the doing of these moments. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	Conclusion Singing is a determinant of health: it makes us happier, more energetic, connects us to others, stimulates us and is a provider of joy and vitality, hence a salutogenetic activity. .
Kostilainen K., Mikkola K., Erkkilä J., Huotilainen M.	Effects of maternal singing during kangaroo care on maternal anxiety, wellbeing, and mother-infant relationship after preterm birth: a mixed methods study	Mothers also stated that noticing infants relaxing and calming down by their singing felt good, and they were more motivated to sing. .
Kostilainen K., Mikkola K., Erkkilä J., Huotilainen M.	Effects of maternal singing during kangaroo care on maternal anxiety, wellbeing, and mother-infant relationship after preterm birth: a mixed methods study	It has also been stated that singing can enhance wellbeing, and this effect might be connected to the release of two hormones in the brain while singing. .
Forbes M.	“We’re pushing back”: Group singing, social identity, and caring for a spouse with Parkinson’s	All caregivers derived a sense of purpose from singing group participation. .
Forbes M.	“We’re pushing back”: Group singing, social identity, and caring for a spouse with Parkinson’s	Singing together reminds caregivers of the positive feelings they have for their partners. .
Forbes M.	“We’re pushing back”: Group singing, social identity, and caring for a spouse with Parkinson’s	There is scope for further group singing research to explore the ways in which these and other effects might meet caregivers psychological needs and support their wellbeing. .
Warran K., Fancourt D., Perkins R.	The experience and perceived impact of group singing for men living with cancer: A phenomenological study	The experience of singing was viewed by participants as: something positive; a social experience; an ineffable experience; an activity that engages the whole person. .
Warran K., Fancourt D., Perkins R.	The experience and perceived impact of group singing for men living with cancer: A phenomenological study	The perceived impact of singing included: providing support in the face of the existential uncertainty brought about by having cancer; a dynamic connection to others; fulfilment; enhanced wellbeing; finding some form of benefit from the cancer experience. .
Warran K., Fancourt D., Perkins R.	The experience and perceived impact of group singing for men living with cancer: A phenomenological study	Indeed, there has also been a growing interest in the use of singing to improve health and wellbeing within the wider psychology of music literature; for example, in light of Ryan and Decis (2002) model of psychological needs, singing has been shown to improve feelings of competency and social connection, thereby enhancing the potential for positive wellbeing impact (Davidson & Garrido, 2015). .
Warran K., Fancourt D., Perkins R.	The experience and perceived impact of group singing for men living with cancer: A phenomenological study	This connection is specifically facilitated by singing together - seen in the reference to sound and to rhythm. .
Warran K., Fancourt D., Perkins R.	The experience and perceived impact of group singing for men living with cancer: A phenomenological study	This is interesting as it suggests that, for these participants, choir singing may lead to positive behavioural change in other aspects of their lives. .
Warran K., Fancourt D., Perkins R.	The experience and perceived impact of group singing for men living with cancer: A phenomenological study	Similarly, these same participants commented that singing directly helps with the fatigue associated with having prostate cancer; for example, Jason stated that the choir impacted the fatigue in a positive way. .
Warran K., Fancourt D., Perkins R.	The experience and perceived impact of group singing for men living with cancer: A phenomenological study	The choir provides satisfaction for these participants. .
Warran K., Fancourt D., Perkins R.	The experience and perceived impact of group singing for men living with cancer: A phenomenological study	Turning to the perceived impact of the choir, results revealed that group singing provokes a range of beneficial outcomes which could provide: support in the face of the existential uncertainty brought about by having cancer; a dynamic connection to others; fulfilment; enhanced wellbeing; finding some form of benefit from the cancer experience..
Fancourt D., Warran K., Finn S., Wiseman T.	Psychosocial singing interventions for the mental health and well-being of family carers of patients with cancer: Results from a longitudinal controlled study	Singing is a psychosocial activity shown to improve social support, increase positive emotions, and reduce fatigue and stress. .
Fancourt D., Warran K., Finn S., Wiseman T.	Psychosocial singing interventions for the mental health and well-being of family carers of patients with cancer: Results from a longitudinal controlled study	Conclusions This study builds on previous research showing the mental health benefits of singing for people with cancer by showing that weekly singing can also support anxiety and well-being in cancer carers. .
Fancourt D., Warran K., Finn S., Wiseman T.	Psychosocial singing interventions for the mental health and well-being of family carers of patients with cancer: Results from a longitudinal controlled study	DISCUSSION This study explored whether singing in a choir is associated with improvements in mental health and well-being in people who care for somebody with cancer. .
Fancourt D., Warran K., Finn S., Wiseman T.	Psychosocial singing interventions for the mental health and well-being of family carers of patients with cancer: Results from a longitudinal controlled study	The finding that singing was associated with a greater decrease in anxiety echoes findings from previous studies of singing among people affected by cancer. .
Fancourt D., Warran K., Finn S., Wiseman T.	Psychosocial singing interventions for the mental health and well-being of family carers of patients with cancer: Results from a longitudinal controlled study	First, the choirs provided emotional and uplifting experiences that participants experienced as a mind-body activity that supported their sense of identity. .
Fancourt D., Warran K., Finn S., Wiseman T.	Psychosocial singing interventions for the mental health and well-being of family carers of patients with cancer: Results from a longitudinal controlled study	Finally, the choirs provided members with the chance to develop musical skills which enhanced their sense of self-esteem. .
Fancourt D., Warran K., Finn S., Wiseman T.	Psychosocial singing interventions for the mental health and well-being of family carers of patients with cancer: Results from a longitudinal controlled study	Such studies could also focus specifically on carers with known mental health diagnoses such as moderate anxiety, especially given the findings here that singing was of benefit both to those with and without baseline anxiety or low well-being. .
Fancourt D., Warran K., Finn S., Wiseman T.	Psychosocial singing interventions for the mental health and well-being of family carers of patients with cancer: Results from a longitudinal controlled study	CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, this study builds on previous research showing the mental health benefits of singing for people affected by cancer by showing that weekly singing may also support anxiety and well-being in carers. .
Irons J.Y., Coren E., Young M.K., Stewart D.E., Gschwandtner M., Mellick G.D.	Singing for people with Parkinsons disease	How the intervention might work Studies have found that participation in group singing or choirs is associated with various health benefits across a wide range of outcome groups, including enhanced physical functions and mental, social, and spiritual wellbeing (Clift 2010a; Clift 2010b; Irons 2012; Irons 2016). .
Irons J.Y., Coren E., Young M.K., Stewart D.E., Gschwandtner M., Mellick G.D.	Singing for people with Parkinsons disease	Singing may enhance health and wellbeing through promoting neurochemicals such as dopamine, cortisol, serotonin, and oxytocin, as the structures of songs (e.g. melody, rhythm, and harmony) can induce a range of emotional and physical responses. .
Irons J.Y., Coren E., Young M.K., Stewart D.E., Gschwandtner M., Mellick G.D.	Singing for people with Parkinsons disease	Social health Participating in group singing, such as a choir, can reduce isolation and provide social support. .
Irons J.Y., Coren E., Young M.K., Stewart D.E., Gschwandtner M., Mellick G.D.	Singing for people with Parkinsons disease	Singing with others can promote positive feelings, such as friendship and empathy, which are positively associated with a sense of wellbeing (Ryff 2008). .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Jetten J., Rowan C.	Identification with arts-based groups improves mental wellbeing in adults with chronic mental health conditions	Congruent with recovery, the choir also developed a sense of hope and empowerment to live a fulfilling life. .
Williamson V.J., Bonshor M.	Wellbeing in brass bands: The benefits and challenges of group music making	This aspect of wellbeing highlights the additional benefits that are offered from participation in choirs in relation to the social dimension of group music making, in contrast to those wellbeing benefits that may at least partly be ascribed just to the act of singing. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	Interviewees all reported improvement in or maintenance of their mental health and well-being as a direct result of engagement in the singing workshops. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	The combination of singing with an inclusive social aspect was regarded as essential in effecting recovery. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	The combination of singing and social engagement produced an ongoing feeling of belonging and well-being. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	Many studies have now shown the benefits of choral singing for social and mental well-being.3-7 Evidence suggests that group singing can help as coping strategy for people who are experiencing stressful life events.8 .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	A recent systematic review found evidence that participation in ongoing community singing programmes can improve quality of life and social and emotional well-being in adults living with chronic conditions.10 .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	As one of the organisers put it, the project recognises the inherently therapeutic effects of singing and singing with others. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	Participants all regarded singing as key to the efficacy of the model and reported a thorough enjoyment of singing. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	Some saw it as a fun, low-key opportunity to sing, others saw it as a crucial component to the maintenance of their well-being. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	All interviewees reported positive effects on their mental health from participation in singing together. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	The combination of singing and social engagement produced a feeling of belonging and well-being that often lasted for more than a day and, as a weekly engagement, gave ongoing structure, support and contact that kept them at a higher level of functionality and their moods better than they would be without. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	Four participants credited helping, along with the singing, as crucial in regaining their mental health. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	CONCLUSION The findings from this study reinforce the benefits of participating in singing in a community context for people who have experienced mental health conditions. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	This research confirms previous findings on the health benefits of singing but offers evidence from the largest sample of singers to date. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	Research regarding the potential health benefits of singing is well developed, with a large body of work to support singing as a health and wellbeing intervention. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	The results from this study confirm previous findings that a large majority of choir participants perceive the experience of singing to be a beneficial one. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	The aim of this study was to assess the perceived health benefits of choral singing in a large sample of singers. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	This aimed to explore the nuances of singing in choirs and to expand understanding of the health and wellbeing benefits experienced by participants. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	Its really uplifting when we sing together and really enhances my life generally. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	Thus, singing was reported as improving selfconfidence and self-esteem, increasing competence and becoming comfortable and confident. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	Learning new things was noted as a significant part of being in a choir, specifically learning from the conductor, learning to listen to people, learning to work effectively and respectfully with other people, learning new songs, learning about my bodys capabilities, learning lyrics and learning about different musical genre: A good choir can also help towards improving community morale/pride ... (There is) great pride when we see a happy audience ... .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	However, this theme is significant in itself as participants repeatedly reported wellbeing benefits such as singing in a choir making them feel happier makes you smile and lifts mood. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	Mental health This theme relates to specific psychological improvement, clinical phrases in the data that referred to singing acting as an alleviator of low mood or anxiety. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	Participants named mental health improvements, strengthening or boosting mental health when needed and for others singing contributed to maintain good mental health: I have to sing - for my mental health -Id just die without music! .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	Scores for these questions were consistently high, and thematic analysis confirmed that participants found that singing can be spiritually uplifting, life affirming and a sense of connection at heart or energy level. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	A large section of data focused on stress reduction as the key benefit of singing in a choir - for example, decreasing or counteracting the stress of daily life, being a stress-free zone, releasing tension: Great way to unwind and forget your stresses ... you cant stress about everyday worries when you are singing. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	Singing requires complete concentration - its a form of mindfulness. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	(Choir singing) encourages your soul (to) feel part of something bigger than yourself ... being part of a group making a beautiful sound is very creative and instantly rewarding. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	Nonetheless, this study confirms the potential importance of social activities for people in terms of improving mental health and selfperception of health and wellbeing, and future studies might explore the specific aspects of choral singing that might contribute to these health improvements. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	Nevertheless, this article provides the largest sample to date exploring singers perceptions of the health and wellbeing benefits of singing. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	CONCLUSION This study is important, not only as it represents the largest of its kind, in exploring singers perceptions of the potential health benefits of singing in a choir, but because it is a study of healthy choristers who confirm the findings of many smaller studies with clinical populations. .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	Results illustrate that group singing is a joyful activity that promotes wellbeing and is life enhancing for those involved. .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	Both choirs derived identical positive emotional benefits from choral singing, although the role of camaraderie was identified as being considerably more important to the marginalized singers. .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	Results supported the social identity theory that becoming a choir member and thereby creating an additional social identity may result in positive emotional and physical benefits. .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	The current study is aimed at discerning more clearly what the psychological benefits are for participants of choral singing. .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	(Lisa) I have a pretty stressful job and singing is what keeps me sane. .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	The positive affect of choral singing does not only occur during choir practice or performances: this affect was also found for some participants during times of reflection on past choral activities or whilst practising alone. .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	When youre singing through a song and it all comes together as it should its just magnificent. .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	The choir or choirs that the participants sing with have a direct bearing on the type of experiences they have as choir members and therefore the psychological benefits they gain from the activity. .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	songs and music that I really like singing. .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	Participating in choral singing was found to have psychological benefits for the individuals involved in this study, congruent with those described by studies utilizing populations facing adverse life conditions (Bailey & Davidson, 2003; Silber, 2005; von Lob et al., 2010). .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	It is our belief that choral singing could offer these communities a useful, low-cost and accessible mechanism for increasing the wellbeing of their residents. .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	As evidenced by the current study, choral singing is a joyful activity which has the potential to enhance the lives of those people fortunate enough to discover the benefits it can facilitate..
Lord V.M., Hume V.J., Kelly J.L., Cave P., Silver J., Waldman M., White C., Smith C., Tanner R., Sanchez M., Man W.D.-C., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing classes for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial	There is evidence that singing can have beneficial effects on wellbeing in healthy 11 and chronic disease populations 12,13 . .
Lord V.M., Hume V.J., Kelly J.L., Cave P., Silver J., Waldman M., White C., Smith C., Tanner R., Sanchez M., Man W.D.-C., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing classes for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial	All participants in the singing group reported positive physical effects in relation to their breathing following attendance at the singing group. .
Lord V.M., Hume V.J., Kelly J.L., Cave P., Silver J., Waldman M., White C., Smith C., Tanner R., Sanchez M., Man W.D.-C., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing classes for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial	The singing group participants reported multiple benefits in terms of their general wellbeing. .
Lord V.M., Hume V.J., Kelly J.L., Cave P., Silver J., Waldman M., White C., Smith C., Tanner R., Sanchez M., Man W.D.-C., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing classes for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial	The findings highlighted how enjoyable the participants found the singing group. .
Lord V.M., Hume V.J., Kelly J.L., Cave P., Silver J., Waldman M., White C., Smith C., Tanner R., Sanchez M., Man W.D.-C., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing classes for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial	Translating this into clinical practice, singing is more likely to be of benefit to patients who believe it will be helpful. .
Lord V.M., Hume V.J., Kelly J.L., Cave P., Silver J., Waldman M., White C., Smith C., Tanner R., Sanchez M., Man W.D.-C., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing classes for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial	The present data suggest that singing does produce specific benefits and that participation in singing classes should be encouraged where these are available. .
Lord V.M., Hume V.J., Kelly J.L., Cave P., Silver J., Waldman M., White C., Smith C., Tanner R., Sanchez M., Man W.D.-C., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing classes for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial	Conclusion The present data suggest that singing has specific effects of physical wellbeing and taken together with other small studies support the concept that participation in singing lessons may be a useful activity for patients with COPD..
Stanczyk M.M.	Music therapy in supportive cancer care	There are many benefits of music therapy for cancer patients-interactive music therapy techniques (instrumental improvisation, singing) as well as receptive music therapy techniques (listening to recorded or live music, music and imaginary) can be used to improve mood, decrease stress, pain, anxiety level and enhance relaxation. .
Stanczyk M.M.	Music therapy in supportive cancer care	Live music can be used to create a mood of peace, relaxation, to improve the level of comfort, express feelings and emotions. .
Lord V.M., Cave P., Hume V.J., Flude E.J., Evans A., Kelly J.L., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing teaching as a therapy for chronic respiratory disease - A randomised controlled trial and qualitative evaluation	In addition, there is some evidence that singing may have beneficial effects on wellbeing in healthy 14 and chronic disease populations 15,16 . .
Lord V.M., Cave P., Hume V.J., Flude E.J., Evans A., Kelly J.L., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing teaching as a therapy for chronic respiratory disease - A randomised controlled trial and qualitative evaluation	Singing is, of course, likely to be a therapy that suits some people and not others, and the benefits that accrue are likely to be greatest in those who enjoy the experience. .
Lord V.M., Cave P., Hume V.J., Flude E.J., Evans A., Kelly J.L., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing teaching as a therapy for chronic respiratory disease - A randomised controlled trial and qualitative evaluation	Participants reported that they found the singing beneficial and reported positive changes in their physical ability and wellbeing. .
Pearce E., Launay J., Machin A., Dunbar R.I.M.	Is Group Singing Special? Health, Well-Being and Social Bonds in Community-Based Adult Education Classes	Evidence demonstrates that group singing improves health and well-being, but the precise mechanisms remain unknown. .
Pearce E., Launay J., Machin A., Dunbar R.I.M.	Is Group Singing Special? Health, Well-Being and Social Bonds in Community-Based Adult Education Classes	As well as these physical effects, singing may improve health and well-being psychologically, by encouraging positivity. .
Pearce E., Launay J., Machin A., Dunbar R.I.M.	Is Group Singing Special? Health, Well-Being and Social Bonds in Community-Based Adult Education Classes	The elevated positive affect and hedonic feelings associated with group singing may lead to perception of greater well-being, which may also be tied into better mental health. .
Pearce E., Launay J., Machin A., Dunbar R.I.M.	Is Group Singing Special? Health, Well-Being and Social Bonds in Community-Based Adult Education Classes	As well as these health-promoting individual physical and psychological effects, singing has strong social effects. .
Pearce E., Launay J., Machin A., Dunbar R.I.M.	Is Group Singing Special? Health, Well-Being and Social Bonds in Community-Based Adult Education Classes	Consequently, it may be that some of the health benefits attributed to group singing occur because of the social bonding effects of musical engagement in a group. .
Pearce E., Launay J., Machin A., Dunbar R.I.M.	Is Group Singing Special? Health, Well-Being and Social Bonds in Community-Based Adult Education Classes	Moreover, the hedonic impact of singing in lifting positive mood, combined with the eudaimonic outcomes associated with feeling part of something bigger than oneself, are together likely to yield an improved sense of well-being and satisfaction with life in regular singers (Hillman, 2002; Ryan & Deci, 2001). .
Pearce E., Launay J., Machin A., Dunbar R.I.M.	Is Group Singing Special? Health, Well-Being and Social Bonds in Community-Based Adult Education Classes	In other words, as well as the physical and psychological processes linking singing and improved health and wellbeing, the social aspects of group singing are also likely to play a key role in health and well-being outcomes. .
Pearce E., Launay J., Machin A., Dunbar R.I.M.	Is Group Singing Special? Health, Well-Being and Social Bonds in Community-Based Adult Education Classes	Consequently, we hypothesise that some of the health and well-being benefits previously associated with group singing are driven by heightened social cohesion. .
Pearce E., Launay J., Machin A., Dunbar R.I.M.	Is Group Singing Special? Health, Well-Being and Social Bonds in Community-Based Adult Education Classes	(iii) singers show a greater positive change in well-being over time than non-singers; and .
Lyu J., Zhang J., Mu H., Li W., Champ M., Xiong Q., Gao T., Xie L., Jin W., Yang W., Cui M., Gao M., Li M.	The Effects of Music Therapy on Cognition, Psychiatric Symptoms, and Activities of Daily Living in Patients with Alzheimers Disease	The strong connection between singing and speaking suggests that the singing component of music therapy enhances linguistic ability and memorization 26 . .
Lyu J., Zhang J., Mu H., Li W., Champ M., Xiong Q., Gao T., Xie L., Jin W., Yang W., Cui M., Gao M., Li M.	The Effects of Music Therapy on Cognition, Psychiatric Symptoms, and Activities of Daily Living in Patients with Alzheimers Disease	Singing, combines language, music and instinctive human behavior that can enhance neurological stimulation 8 . .
Tamplin J., Clark I.N., Lee Y.-E.C., Baker F.A.	Remini-sing: A feasibility study of therapeutic group singing to support relationship quality and wellbeing for community-dwelling people living with dementia and their family caregivers	Remini-Sing is designed to utilize the normalizing, stimulating, and accessible properties of group singing to improve or maintain personal relationships, social engagement, and emotional wellbeing. .
Tamplin J., Clark I.N., Lee Y.-E.C., Baker F.A.	Remini-sing: A feasibility study of therapeutic group singing to support relationship quality and wellbeing for community-dwelling people living with dementia and their family caregivers	The music therapist facilitators provide a therapeutic program utilizing variety of singing-based activities targeted to enhance memory, communication, wellbeing, and group cohesion. .
Tamplin J., Clark I.N., Lee Y.-E.C., Baker F.A.	Remini-sing: A feasibility study of therapeutic group singing to support relationship quality and wellbeing for community-dwelling people living with dementia and their family caregivers	They appreciated the opportunity to sing both familiar songs and learn new songs, harmony parts, and rounds that were perceived as cognitively stimulating. .
Tamplin J., Clark I.N., Lee Y.-E.C., Baker F.A.	Remini-sing: A feasibility study of therapeutic group singing to support relationship quality and wellbeing for community-dwelling people living with dementia and their family caregivers	The combination of singing familiar, favorite songs, with the cognitive challenge of learning new musical material, in a supportive and nonjudgmental environment, made the groups accessible, enjoyable and therapeutic. .
van der Steen J.T., van Soest-Poortvliet M.C., van der Wouden J.C., Bruinsma M.S., Scholten R.J.P.M., Vink A.C.	Music-based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia	Singing can further help the development of articulation, rhythm, and breath control. .
van der Steen J.T., van Soest-Poortvliet M.C., van der Wouden J.C., Bruinsma M.S., Scholten R.J.P.M., Vink A.C.	Music-based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia	Singing in a group setting can improve social skills and foster a greater awareness of others. .
van der Steen J.T., van Soest-Poortvliet M.C., van der Wouden J.C., Bruinsma M.S., Scholten R.J.P.M., Vink A.C.	Music-based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia	For individuals with compromised breathing, singing can improve oxygen saturation rates. .
McNaughton A., Aldington S., Williams G., Levack W.M.M.	Sing Your Lungs Out: A qualitative study of a community singing group for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)	Results The weekly singing group was a well-attended activity, with self-reported benefits to health and well-being. .
McNaughton A., Aldington S., Williams G., Levack W.M.M.	Sing Your Lungs Out: A qualitative study of a community singing group for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)	Conclusions This study helps us to better understand how participation in a community singing group can benefit the health and well-being of patients with COPD. .
McNaughton A., Aldington S., Williams G., Levack W.M.M.	Sing Your Lungs Out: A qualitative study of a community singing group for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)	Overview of findings Overall, the singing group was a highly positive experience for all people involved. .
McNaughton A., Aldington S., Williams G., Levack W.M.M.	Sing Your Lungs Out: A qualitative study of a community singing group for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)	The participants reported how singing made them feel good, with one participant noting that singing encouraged her to be in the moment without worrying about other things in her life. .
McNaughton A., Aldington S., Williams G., Levack W.M.M.	Sing Your Lungs Out: A qualitative study of a community singing group for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)	Many commented that their breathing felt easier the day after singing practice, with singing helping some to clear sputum. .
McNaughton A., Aldington S., Williams G., Levack W.M.M.	Sing Your Lungs Out: A qualitative study of a community singing group for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)	For the participants in this study, involvement in a singing group had resulted in many positive and, at times, unexpected changes in their health and well-being. .
McNaughton A., Aldington S., Williams G., Levack W.M.M.	Sing Your Lungs Out: A qualitative study of a community singing group for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)	Yet on the other hand, singing is an absorbing activity, especially within a group. .
McNaughton A., Aldington S., Williams G., Levack W.M.M.	Sing Your Lungs Out: A qualitative study of a community singing group for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)	CONCLUSIONS This qualitative study describes the perceived health and well-being benefits of belonging to a community singing group for patients with COPD. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	Background: A growing body of research has found that participating in choir singing can increase positive emotions, reduce anxiety and enhance social bonding. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	Results: The findings of seven longitudinal studies, showed that while people with mental health conditions participated in choir singing, their mental health and wellbeing significantly improved with moderate to large effect sizes. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	Moreover, six qualitative studies had converging themes, indicating that group singing can provide enjoyment, improve emotional states, develop a sense of belonging and enhance self-confidence in participants. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	Conclusion: The current results indicate that group singing could be a promising social intervention for people with mental health conditions. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	Recent studies indicate that engaging in singing groups has a wide range of benefits which have the potential to improve mental health and wellbeing. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	Studies have found that while people are engaged in group singing, they experience increased positive emotions and immune functioning, as well as decreased negative emotions including anxiety.5-7 Singing in groups is also reported to enhance social bonding,8 which predicts improvements in anxiety and mental wellbeing.910 .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	Therefore, referring clients to arts programmes, such as choir singing, may facilitate therapeutic goals, such as developing social support and confidence. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	This review aimed to assess the viability of choir singing to improve mental health and wellbeing in people with a mental health condition. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	The search strategy included terms related to group singing (choir, singing group, group singing), mental health and wellbeing (mental health, anxiety, depression, wellbeing, wellbeing). .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	In particular, enjoyment of singing, experiencing improved emotional states, developing a sense of belonging and self-confidence were reported in all the studies reviewed. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	These studies focused primarily on the positive impacts of participating in group singing. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	Potentially anxiety could be a barrier to some people participating in singing programmes, however, these studies also indicate that overcoming performance anxiety while participating in choir singing could be an empowering experience. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	People participating in these programmes ascribed improvements in their emotional, social and occupational wellbeing to participating in group singing. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	The current review supports that choir singing could promote mental health recovery by providing social connectedness, emotional enhancement and meaning in life. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	Future research directions The studies reviewed provided consistent conclusions that choir singing can help people with mental health conditions improve their mental health and wellbeing, however, there were major limitations in their methodology. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	The current results are promising, indicating that many people with mental health conditions have experienced benefits to their mental health and wellbeing through participating in community singing groups. .
Young R., Camic P.M., Tischler V.	The impact of community-based arts and health interventions on cognition in people with dementia: A systematic literature review	Results indicated that those in the singing and listening coaching groups experienced significant improvements in mood, orientation, episodic memory, attention, executive function and general cognition. .
Noice T., Noice H., Kramer A.F.	Participatory arts for older adults: A review of benefits and challenges	Statistically significant increases were found for improved emotional well-being, quality of life, understanding of singing, and a marginally significant increase in self-confidence. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	Other answers were understanding the song, devotionputting your soul into the music that youre making, and being dedicated. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	Most of all, the love for music brought a fulfilling, calming, and happy experience to participants. .
Stewart J., Garrido S., Hense C., McFerran K.	Music use for mood regulation: Self-awareness and conscious listening choices in young people with tendencies to depression	She seemed to have some useful strategies for regulating her mood such as listening to music that is sad but that gives her some optimism, or music that gave her some relief in that after listening she was still sad but less heavy. .
Boyce M., Bungay H., Munn-Giddings C., Wilson C.	The impact of the arts in healthcare on patients and service users: A critical review	As with music listening, there were also reductions in anxiety levels and depressive symptoms, including the suggestion that the role of the intervention in recovery could be as important as medication. .
Ray K.D., Götell E.	The use of music and music therapy in ameliorating depression symptoms and improving well-being in nursing home residents with dementia	In the current study, while it appears that both the singing and movement activity were helpful in sustaining reductions in depression symptoms, the video analysis demonstrated that the music-with-movement protocol significantly improved well-being in the participants. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Therapeutic choirs have the ability to decrease mental health symptoms and provide coping strategies for dealing with life in new and motivating ways. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Fancourt et al. (2016) showed that group singing can significantly reduce stress, improve mood and reduce cortisol, beta-endorphin and oxytocin levels in cancer patients. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Both singing and music listening were more effective in alleviating depression, especially in persons with mild, Alzheimer-type dementia. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	He found that depressive symptoms in the singing group were reduced, mean quality of life score improved, and there was a statistically significant increase in cognitive functioning. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	A shared experience was that of being less reliant on painkillers on the day of the choir: I dont take my pills on a Friday because when I get there and start singing it sort of lifts you for the day (Paige). .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	Therefore, if an individual is attending to a pleasurable activity such as singing, although their pain is still present, they may not be as concerned by it as pain signals to the brain are reduced and pain is perceived less intensely. .
Fancourt D., Williamon A., Carvalho L.A., Steptoe A., Dow R., Lewis I.	Singing modulates mood, stress, cortisol, cytokine and neuropeptide activity in cancer patients and carers	Aggregate mood was found to improve across the choir session (p < .001) and aggregate stress was found to decrease (p < .001). .
Fancourt D., Williamon A., Carvalho L.A., Steptoe A., Dow R., Lewis I.	Singing modulates mood, stress, cortisol, cytokine and neuropeptide activity in cancer patients and carers	It is instructive to note that, among both patients and carers, those with the lowest levels of mental wellbeing and highest levels of depression experienced the greatest short-term improvement in mood across the singing session, and that these larger mood changes were associated with lower levels of inflammation. .
Corvo E., Skingley A., Clift S.	Community singing, wellbeing and older people: implementing and evaluating an English singing for health intervention in Rome	Both of these items relate to feelings of depression/anxiety, which appear to be lessened after the singing compared with the baseline assessment. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	Results Overview The findings indicate that nursing home employees perceived singing to have potential benefits for their patients, such as reduced uneasiness, increased comfort, well-being, joy, improved sleep, and to reduce the need for medication, even potentially reducing the risk of accidents among their patients. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	The fact that these singing activities, like lullabies, singalongs or one-to-one humming reduced uneasiness, increased comfort and improved sleep was documented by many of the nurses. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	Singing songs with and for the patients could also reduce medication. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	Singing does create peace, feelings of being safe, and it also prevents accidents and less use of medication or drugs (leader of a nursing home). .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	As noted in this study, singing songs with and for the patients was believed to reduce potential accidents due to patients being calmer and less anxious. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	Such findings indicate that nursing home employees perceive singing to have potential benefits for their patients, such as reducing uneasiness, increasing comfort, wellbeing and joy, promoting sleep, reducing the need for medication and lowering the potential for accidents among their patients. .
Warran K., Fancourt D., Perkins R.	The experience and perceived impact of group singing for men living with cancer: A phenomenological study	On the simplest level, the choir, for these participants, provides a balance of recognising and understanding the cancer experience while providing a positive distraction from it. .
Irons J.Y., Coren E., Young M.K., Stewart D.E., Gschwandtner M., Mellick G.D.	Singing for people with Parkinsons disease	With regular singing activities (e.g. over six months), people have reported reduced psychological distress and improved wellbeing (Clift 2017). .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	Previous studies have reported a decrease in cortisol levels, indicating that singing in choirs provides stress relief to participants (Beck et al., 2000). .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	Findings are mirrored in the current study with many participants stating that they found the stress-reduction powers of choral singing an important tool in coping with everyday stressors. .
Pearce E., Launay J., Machin A., Dunbar R.I.M.	Is Group Singing Special? Health, Well-Being and Social Bonds in Community-Based Adult Education Classes	(ii) singers show a greater reduction in self-reported mental ill-health over time than non-singers; .
Pearce E., Launay J., Machin A., Dunbar R.I.M.	Is Group Singing Special? Health, Well-Being and Social Bonds in Community-Based Adult Education Classes	This contrasts with previous findings that singing reduced anxiety and improved mental health compared to not singing (Coulton et al., 2015; Sanal & Gorsev, 2013). .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	For example, it has been concluded that there is strong evidence that engaging in music and singing activities decreases depression, anxiety and loneliness in older people; and moderate evidence that engaging in music and singing activities enhances wellbeing and decreases depression in young adults, marginalized groups and people with chronic physical health conditions.23 .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	However, there were convergent results across the studies indicating that, while people participated in group singing, their mental distress decreased, and quality of life and wellbeing improved with moderate effect sizes (see table 1). .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	Moreover, after participating in the choir, participants depression was significantly lower than the control, when controlling for baseline levels of depression. .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Joice S., Kroll T., Mead G., Donnan P., Toma M., Williams B.	Art participation for psychosocial wellbeing during stroke rehabilitation: a feasibility randomised controlled trial	The study demonstrated improved depression, quality of life and cognition, compared to usual care, following visual art-making combined with meditation and singing. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	Choral singing, for example, increases feelings of support and decreases feelings of isolation; playing instruments in an ensemble has a similar effect. .
Daykin, N.; Mansfield, L.; Meads, C.	What Works for Wellbeing? A systematic review of wellbeing outcomes for music and singing in adults.	A nonrandom comparison of singing with usual care in 113 adults with a range of chronic conditions found that singing was associated with improvements in quality of life and positive affect.50 .
Goldenberg, R. B.	Singing Lessons for Respiratory Health: A Literature Review	The treatment groups sustained improvement in the domain of treatment burden at follow-up suggests the continued singing practice helped alleviate the hardship associated with treating a chronic illness. .
Jackson, A., ; McManus, R.,	SROI in the art gallery; valuing social impact	Moreover, the venue was used for a local singing group, who gains from this ambience, although as this is for singing, we value the benefit here at 2 per hour as a prudent estimate. .
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	Although crafters, writers and singers all reported improved self-confidence, only singers reported feeling that they played a useful role in the group. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	As a final outcome, the art determines choral harmony, which generates a field of attractive forces in the landscape. .
Stewart J., Garrido S., Hense C., McFerran K.	Music use for mood regulation: Self-awareness and conscious listening choices in young people with tendencies to depression	In contrast, outcomes were more positive for participants in the current study when they listened to music with optimistic messages. .
Särkämö T.	Music for the ageing brain: Cognitive, emotional, social, and neural benefits of musical leisure activities in stroke and dementia	Overall, questionnaire/interview studies and more recent experimental studies of healthy older adults participating in community choirs have linked choir singing to multiple psychosocial and health-related benefits, suggesting that regular choral singing can bring about enjoyment, cognitive stimulation, better physical and mental health, and increased social interaction. .
Särkämö T.	Music for the ageing brain: Cognitive, emotional, social, and neural benefits of musical leisure activities in stroke and dementia	The singing intervention had a long-term positive effect on health-related QOL as well as a short-term positive effect on mental health-related QOL, anxiety, and depression (Coulton et al., 2015). .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Choral singing also impacted on social health and wellbeing positively through feeling excitement and importance to life (p < 0.01), as well as longer duration of involvement in the choir (p < 0.05), after adjusting for the effects from socio-demographic variables in the models. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	This included a sense of social engagement, a perception of positive identity as choir members, and feelings of excitement at being involved in group singing. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Choir members reported a sense of purpose and satisfaction for contributing to their community. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The efficacy of therapeutic choirs leads to improving quality of life for older people, giving them new opportunities that promote meaning and purpose. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The studies reviewed so far provide an encouraging picture of benefits associated with group singing for people with dementia. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	More recent studies, however, continue to provide evidence of positive benefits from singing. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The study demonstrates that singing can have a very positive role to play in helping those who suffer from dementia and Alzheimers to have a better quality of life and live more harmoniously with fellow residents and carers. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	In these ways, music comprised a universal function to this diverse group and contributed to positive well-being outcomes for participants. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	A number of recent studies have highlighted the range of positive outcomes of choral singing. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	The increased cultural profile of singing appears to have prompted a resurgence in the popularity of choral singing62 and an increasing awareness of its benefits. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	This theme also reflects the sustained impact of singing on participants emotional wellbeing which was replenished during each session: You come away and then for the rest of the day youre sort of on a high (Paige). .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	The positive impact on interpersonal processes is reflective of other research into choral singing78,79 and is recognised as a component of psychological wellbeing.63 .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	Subsequently, it can only be concluded that the pain choir may have contributed to participants improved wellbeing. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	These changes appeared to be grounded in positive affect, meaningful relationships and internal adjustments, such as reconceptualisations of pain, which the choir promoted. .
Corvo E., Skingley A., Clift S.	Community singing, wellbeing and older people: implementing and evaluating an English singing for health intervention in Rome	Conclusion: Policy makers in different national contexts should consider social singing activities to promote the health and wellbeing of older adults as they are inexpensive to run and have been shown to be enjoyable and effective. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	Singing interventions could be a vital component of the enhancement of health, well-being, and quality of life for patients and staff in nursing homes. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	It is quite clear that she is very proud about her singing. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	The staffs experiences of singing for and with the patients The experience of observing the power of singing was followed by the desire to tell others about these positive effects. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	By observing their patients appreciation of these singing activities, which seemed to be totally independent of the quality of the employees singing voice, their confidence increased. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	As research from several disciplines has shown, singing has positive effects for patients, staff and the patients relatives, which often benefits the psychosocial working climate. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	If management appreciate how singing can enhance a health-promoting workplace for its employees, it might be possible to create a stimulating, rewarding, and thriving psychosocial environment, which would benefit all actors involved. .
Kostilainen K., Mikkola K., Erkkilä J., Huotilainen M.	Effects of maternal singing during kangaroo care on maternal anxiety, wellbeing, and mother-infant relationship after preterm birth: a mixed methods study	However, she wanted to do that to be able to continue singing in the future. .
Kostilainen K., Mikkola K., Erkkilä J., Huotilainen M.	Effects of maternal singing during kangaroo care on maternal anxiety, wellbeing, and mother-infant relationship after preterm birth: a mixed methods study	Our results suggest that singing can offer this support not only during the early hospitalization period but also after discharge. .
Forbes M.	“We’re pushing back”: Group singing, social identity, and caring for a spouse with Parkinson’s	Results Superordinate theme: The singing group creates a new social identity Viewing participants experiences through the lens of the social cure approach in the later stages of IPA revealed that singing group participation created a new social identity for participants, which was a psychological resource in the form of connection, meaning, support, and agency (each of these is discussed as a subordinate theme below). .
Forbes M.	“We’re pushing back”: Group singing, social identity, and caring for a spouse with Parkinson’s	Beyond merely confirming various aspects of previous studies, however, findings here use the social cure approach to demonstrate that psychological resources flow from caregivers social identity, thus illuminating the processes by which group singing can effect caregivers wellbeing. .
Warran K., Fancourt D., Perkins R.	The experience and perceived impact of group singing for men living with cancer: A phenomenological study	In relation to the perceived impact, results showed that participants felt supported by the choir, achieved a sense of fulfilment and found connection to others. .
Irons J.Y., Coren E., Young M.K., Stewart D.E., Gschwandtner M., Mellick G.D.	Singing for people with Parkinsons disease	Quality of life Several studies have suggested that participating in singing can enhance a persons QoL (Clift 2010a; Clift 2010b; Clift 2010c; Johnson 2013). .
Williamson V.J., Bonshor M.	Wellbeing in brass bands: The benefits and challenges of group music making	Our research has replicated a wide pattern of wellbeing benefits seen in choral practice that can now be taken forward as the basis of a model for general group music making benefits. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	Aim: This mixed-methods exploratory study investigates the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir from an international sample of choristers. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	Conclusion: Choral singing elicits a positive response in the chorister across a plethora of domains. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	It also provides confirmatory evidence to support choral singing as a means of improving wellbeing in many populations, including but not limited to workplaces, schools, nursing homes, communities and churches. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	A review of the literature on singing and respiratory health reported trends of positive physical and/or quality-of-life outcomes after a series of singing lessons. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	However, the qualitative results provide a large body of thematic evidence of the health and wellbeing benefits of singing, as well as elaborating on the benefits cited in the quantitative study. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	Qualitative methodology In total, two supplementary questions included in the survey allowed participants to give comments on how they perceived singing to benefit their health and wellbeing; Are there ways in which you think participating in the choir is good for your health - if yes please describe and Please add any comments about the benefits of being in a choir. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	These basic descriptives across such a large international sample clearly outline the perceived benefits of singing in a choir and provide an informative grounding for future research in this area. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	Statistical evidence of participation in cultural events having a positive effect on health and survival rates,45,46 as well as recent significant research on the effect of singing on the health of people with cancer indicate evidence that singing improves mood state and modules components of the immune system.13,14 This study provides further evidence with a large sample that indicates that further research on singing is warranted. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	How the choir manage poor performance and lack of confidence is important in contributing to wellbeing and health benefits. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	Wellbeing benefits were also noted in the role of many choirs in supporting the community through singing for charities, supporting the socially isolated and marginalised to begin to feel part of their community - enabling people from all walks of life to share in the benefits of singing as a group. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	It is expected that this research will contribute significantly to the current literature in encouraging further spending and investment in community arts initiatives such as choral singing, to promote physical, social and emotional health of the general population..
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	The majority of participants in the current study declared their love of singing and joined a choir in their adult years with a view to enjoying singing as a recreational activity. .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	This level of concentration and focus balanced with the skill of the individual singers is likely to lead to a state of flow and therefore increased feelings of positive affect (Csikszentmihalyi, 1992). .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	This theme is all about the factors that influence the group known as a choir, and the individuals who make up the choir, thereby influencing the psychological benefits gained by the choristers. .
Lord V.M., Hume V.J., Kelly J.L., Cave P., Silver J., Waldman M., White C., Smith C., Tanner R., Sanchez M., Man W.D.-C., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing classes for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial	Participants in an open program of singing classes were also overwhelmingly positive about the experience. .
Lord V.M., Hume V.J., Kelly J.L., Cave P., Silver J., Waldman M., White C., Smith C., Tanner R., Sanchez M., Man W.D.-C., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing classes for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial	Although singing practice produced an acute improvement in inspiratory capacity, SGRQ improved equally in both groups. .
Lord V.M., Cave P., Hume V.J., Flude E.J., Evans A., Kelly J.L., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing teaching as a therapy for chronic respiratory disease - A randomised controlled trial and qualitative evaluation	All patients interviewed reported doing more singing and other pleasurable activities in their lives, suggesting that there may be long term benefits to participation in such a group. .
Lord V.M., Cave P., Hume V.J., Flude E.J., Evans A., Kelly J.L., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing teaching as a therapy for chronic respiratory disease - A randomised controlled trial and qualitative evaluation	It is likely that the effects of singing training will vary between individuals, but that it will be a positive experience for those who choose to take part. .
McNaughton A., Aldington S., Williams G., Levack W.M.M.	Sing Your Lungs Out: A qualitative study of a community singing group for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)	Many were significantly tired after the singing sessions and the following day, but reported being happy with this trade-off. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	' Participants in established choirs report benefits including positive affect, social support and cognitive stimulation.4 .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	Despite these methodological limitations, the studies reviewed consistently demonstrate that choir participation can have a positive impact on mental health among people living with a mental health condition. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	There was considerable consensus between the studies on the types of perceived benefits that participants with mental health issues experience in a singing group. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	This research extends on previous findings which have found similar wellbeing benefits of choir participation for older adults, young adults and people with physical health conditions.1-3,22-24 Implications The studies reviewed indicate that choir singing can help people with mental health conditions to overcome problems pertaining anxiety, depression and social disconnection. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	Therefore, choir singing is a viable option for arts-on-referral in mental health. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	The more pleasure that is associated with music leads to more passion for the source of joy. .
Florian Carl ,Rosemond Kutsidzo	Music a nd Wellbeing in Everyday Life: An Exploratory Study of Music Experience in Ghana	One would certainly expect positive effects on mood changes when people musically engage in religion. .
Florian Carl ,Rosemond Kutsidzo	Music a nd Wellbeing in Everyday Life: An Exploratory Study of Music Experience in Ghana	Beyond listening, music-making in the form of singing and dancing was clearly an important aspect of our participants wellbeing and daily experience, and it was particularly so in the context of religious activities where these more active forms of music participation took the centre stage..
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	In addition, improvements were found in respiratory variables measured by standard spirometry, including increases in maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures (confirming findings from studies with patients with COPD that singing can help with lung function). .
Irons J.Y., Coren E., Young M.K., Stewart D.E., Gschwandtner M., Mellick G.D.	Singing for people with Parkinsons disease	Furthermore, through regular singing, it is suggested that people with PD can experience enhanced lung function (Di Benedetto 2009). .
Williamson V.J., Bonshor M.	Wellbeing in brass bands: The benefits and challenges of group music making	Group singing can result in improved respiration and speech quality in Parkinsons disease (Di Benedetto et al., 2009), and has physical benefits for patients with respiratory problems, such as emphysema (Engen, 2005), asthma (Irons et al., 2010) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (Bonilha et al., 2009). .
McNaughton A., Aldington S., Williams G., Levack W.M.M.	Sing Your Lungs Out: A qualitative study of a community singing group for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)	Objective To explore the ways in which participation in a community singing group contributed to the health and well-being of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). .
Bruggers C.S., Baranowski S., Beseris M., Leonard R., Long D., Schulte E., Shorter A., Stigner R., Mason C.C., Bedrov A., Pascual I., Bulaj G.	A prototype exercise-empowerment mobile video game for children with cancer, and its usability assessment: Developing digital empowerment interventions for pediatric diseases	Empowerment enhances resilience and positively influences health, disease, and therapy understanding. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	This research gives further support for the role of therapeutic choirs to promote social capital and health equity in community settings. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	The choir enabled continued progress towards accomplishing key pain management programme aims: self-management, coping and living well with pain. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	Findings expanded upon existing evidence relating to singing and wellbeing by highlighting the choirs role in promoting resilience and acceptance of pain. .
Campion, M.; Levita, L.	Enhancing positive affect and divergent thinking abilities: Play some music and dance.	Both dancing and passively listening to music enhanced positive affect, decreased negative affect and reduced feelings of fatigue. .
Campion, M.; Levita, L.	Enhancing positive affect and divergent thinking abilities: Play some music and dance.	Notably, there were very similar improvements in measures of well-being in participants in the music condition. .
Campion, M.; Levita, L.	Enhancing positive affect and divergent thinking abilities: Play some music and dance.	This is particularly notable as increases in positive affect in the dance and music condition were correlated with improvements in different aspects of creativity. .
Hutchinson, J., C.; Karageorghis, C., I.; Black, J., D.	The Diabeates Project: Perceptual, Affective and Psychophysiological Effects of Music and Music-Video in a Clinical Exercise Setting.	There is strong evidence to suggest that listening to music during exercise can significantly enhance many aspects of the exercise experience, engendering a range of positive perceptual and affective outcomes in an exercise context (6). .
Daykin, N.; Mansfield, L.; Meads, C.	What Works for Wellbeing? A systematic review of wellbeing outcomes for music and singing in adults.	Music has been associated with reduced anxiety in young adults, enhanced mood and purpose in adults and mental wellbeing, quality of life, self-awareness and coping in people with diagnosed health conditions. .
Daykin, N.; Mansfield, L.; Meads, C.	What Works for Wellbeing? A systematic review of wellbeing outcomes for music and singing in adults.	However, music therapy interventions that sought to deliver wellbeing outcomes were included. .
Daykin, N.; Mansfield, L.; Meads, C.	What Works for Wellbeing? A systematic review of wellbeing outcomes for music and singing in adults.	Three community-based studies of music listening in healthy older adults indicate an association between music listening and wellbeing. .
Daykin, N.; Mansfield, L.; Meads, C.	What Works for Wellbeing? A systematic review of wellbeing outcomes for music and singing in adults.	Nevertheless, our exploratory meta-analysis suggests a positive association between music and improved depression. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	In this case the value connected to the mere existence of a cultural institution, without requiring direct use, can foster a sense of pride and community empowerment helping to develop a positive image and attractive environment (for example Casa da Musica-House of Music, in Porto, is an example of this good). .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Measuring changes in subjective well‑being from engagement in the arts, culture and sport	We find positive changes in (1) life satisfaction from increased engagement in arts events, historical sites and museums, (2) leisure satisfaction from arts activities and events, (3) health satisfaction from arts events and historical sites and (4) well-being measures from increased participation in moderate- and mild-intensity sport. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Measuring changes in subjective well‑being from engagement in the arts, culture and sport	We find positive subjective well-being impacts arising from greater engagement in arts, cultural and sporting activities. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Measuring changes in subjective well‑being from engagement in the arts, culture and sport	The results also suggest that well-being benefits from increased engagement in arts, culture and sport are particularly positive for satisfaction with leisure time, as we might expect given these activities are engaged with during leisure time. .
Belfiore, E., ; Bennett, O.,	Rethinking the Social Impacts of the Arts	In addition, because they amuse and entertain us, the arts have also been credited with contributing to mans happiness. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	The arts improve psychological well-being. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	Attending arts events may be stimulating and relieve stress, hence leading to improved happiness/ life satisfaction. .
Kirschner, S., ; Tomasello, M.,	Joint music making promotes pro-social behavior in 4-year-old children	Proximate mechanisms It may be possible that the enhanced prosocial behavior in the Musical condition was due to some music-specific evolved psychological mechanism. .
Hacking, S.; Secker, J.; Spandler, H.; Kent, L.; Shenton, J.	Evaluating the impact of participatory art projects for people with mental health needs.	This study suggests that arts participation positively benefits people with mental health difficulties. .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	Results indicate that hospital staff have a positive view of music intervention, perceiving this as beneficial to patients. .
Goldenberg, R. B.	Singing Lessons for Respiratory Health: A Literature Review	The journals editor commented that qualitative data obtained from the participants show an improvement in quality of life because the exposure to and creation of musical sound gave them a sense of control. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Subjective well-being and engagement in arts, culture and sport.	They found well-being to be enhanced as musical performances are therapeutic in the broadest sense, providing immersion in the performance through the act of performing (for the performer) and emotional effects (for the audience). .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Subjective well-being and engagement in arts, culture and sport.	The findings in the extant literature are indicative of cultural goods, including arts events, museums, historical sites and certain sporting activities generating positive leisure experiences, providing significant benefits to health and well-being. .
Węziak-Białowolska, D.; Białowolski, P.	Cultural events – does attendance improve health? Evidence from a Polish longitudinal study	There is a common belief that engagement with the arts and cultural activities is associated with improvement of well-being and contributes to better quality of life. .
Wiseman, R.; Watt, C.	Achieving the impossible: a review of magic-based interventions and their effects on wellbeing	Research has demonstrated that involvement with mainstream performing arts, such as music and dance, can boost wellbeing. .
Daykin, N.; De Viggiani, N.; Pilkington, P.; Moriarty, Y.	Music making for health, well-being and behaviour change in youth justice settings: a systematic review	The self-esteem scores for those involved in musical performance also improved significantly following the intervention, although the results did not differ significantly when compared with the alternative intervention types. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Furthermore, many of the outcomes of targeted interventions, as well as on long-term health and wellbeing, are associated with the aesthetic and personal satisfaction that motivates people to continue engaging in the cultural forms they enjoy. .
Bird J.M., Karageorghis C.I.	A Grounded Theory of Music-Video Use in an Exercise Facility	(reflective diary) Conversely, music-videos that were deemed to be appropriate often led to positive affective states. .
Bygren, L. O.; Johansson, S.,‑E.; Konlaan, B., B., Grjibovski, A., M.; Wilkinson, A., V.; Sjöström, M.	Attending cultural events and cancer mortality: A Swedish cohort study.	Attendance at cultural events is associated with better survival and self-rated health. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	It is the defining goal of community art because, despite its weaknesses, it aspires to empower all citizens to protect their human rights by participating in cultural life. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	the continuity of their appreciation is important and deserves recognition but there may be many reasons for it, including the social reinforcement of a cultures established values. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	The arts can affirm the pride of marginalised groups, and help improve their local image. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Finally, it was very clear that people derived great pleasure from being involved in arts activities, and that it added greatly to their quality of life. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	It is also worth noting that involvement in arts activities can have a positive impact on the confidence, skills and training of the artists themselves. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	This is where the arts work has made itself felt: participants in observer groups, including residents and professionals, felt the arts project made an important contribution by: Benefiting young people; Establishing community networks of ongoing value; Developing the communitys identity and sense of itself; Improving leisure and recreational opportunities; and Increasing appreciation of the value of community activities. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Finding out about the history and culture of this area has helped me to feel proud of it. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	The sense of identity and belonging which comes from affirming, exploring and sharing a common culture was a factor in many of the projects. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Participating in arts projects can be a remarkable motivator, and many community groups had found a lasting sense of mission through their commitment to arts work. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	The wish to participate is rooted in cultural meaning. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	In other words, the end result of cultural participation is the improved capacity to take part in the collective life of society: cultural citizenship. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	Heritage experiences therefore help us to find our roots and enhance our confidence at belonging (Connecticut Commission on Culture and Tourism, 2004; Matarasso, 1997). .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	In any case, the purpose of revering a past through heritage is to give people a sense of belonging to a social group. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	Cultural participation enhances social cohesion because it creates occasions for socialization that are particularly attractive. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	Culture is important both to the individual and to the health of the nation. .
Grossi, E., ; Sacco, P.L., ; Blessi, G.T., ; Cerutti, R.,	The Impact of Culture on the Individual Subjective Well-Being of the Italian Population: An Exploratory Study	Once we put the culture/well-being link under the right set of analytical lenses, it turns out quite clearly that culture counts, namely, that there is clear evidence that cultural access has a definite impact on individual psychological well-being (and particularly so if cultural access occurs in a well-balanced mind-body perspective), and moreover that culture provides for some of the most effective predictors of well-being. .
Grossi, E., ; Sacco, P.L., ; Blessi, G.T., ; Buscema, M.,	The Interaction Between Culture, Health and Psychological Well-Being: Data Mining from the Italian Culture and Well-Being Project	Once we put the culture/well-being link under the right set of analytical lenses, it turns out quite clearly that culture counts, namely, that there is clear evidence that cultural access has a definite impact on individual psychological well being (and particularly so if cultural access occurs in a well-balanced mind-body perspective), and moreover that culture provides for some of the most effective predictors of well-being..
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	Many local communities have their own culture and history which adds to the quality of peoples lives. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	The author discovered that individual and community group participation in the arts can improve self-confidence and self-identity and found that often the social interaction that comes from active involvement in arts programmes can greatly add to social development within communities. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	It is about the image and self-image of an area; but it is also about the heritage, history, traditions and skills within a society. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	In our understanding of the role of arts in regeneration, we also discovered general agreement that the arts can: increase individuals personal development by helping their confidence, skills and motivation assist in social development as participants can make new friends and become interested in new topics improve the local image with people feeling more positive about where they live, and help participants feel better and healthier from their involvement in arts projects. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Communities that engage in arts activities on the occasions of interacting build a sense of belonging to a place, a group, an identity, where there is recognition of common grounds. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Indeed, arts develop a sense of community by repeatedly giving opportunities for expressing public values, Arts events and activities can give people a feeling of belonging (gained through joining a group or becoming involved with local arts organizations) and can reinforce an individuals connection to the community by giving public expression to the values and traditions of that community and sustaining its cultural heritage (McCarthy et al. 2004:14). .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Therefore, territories implementing strategies of development based on their cultural values recognise and celebrate common grounds and encourage a sense of belonging and place identity. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Nonetheless, arts and culture are capable of creating and giving rise to a sense of place, not only by celebrating communal values, but also by providing opportunities to meet and understand other value systems, to embrace diversity, to develop trust among others and to establish social networks. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	It worked with the slogan Culture does good, putting a lot of effort into research on effects of cultural engagement on wellbeing and quality of life. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	These factors together stimulate the local population to produce new collective memories, based on a collective reflection and expression over the community heritage and values. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	On one hand, they provide space for bonding by strengthening existing connections, celebrating identity and heritage. .
Evans, G.,	Measure for measure: evaluating the evidence of culture’s contribution to regeneration.	The arts have generated interest in regeneration through their symbolic potential, such as heritage and identity, assisting in change processes and cultural expression, and in reaching the parts which other regeneration activity does not reach. .
Montalto, V., ; Campagna, D., ; Caperna, G.,	Does Culture Make a Better Citizen? Exploring the Relationship Between Cultural and Civic Participation in Italy	Therefore, cultural participation may act as a vehicle of social inclusion in small communities through its positive association with civic engagement. .
Montalto, V., ; Campagna, D., ; Caperna, G.,	Does Culture Make a Better Citizen? Exploring the Relationship Between Cultural and Civic Participation in Italy	In other words, culture does contribute to make better citizens, and this positive effect is slightly stronger for people who are highly involved in a large variety of cultural activities. .
Laaksonen, A.,	Measuring Cultural Exclusion through Participation in Cultural Life.	Culture appears to have a strong role in building social cohesion and how community members relate to each other. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	Underneath these findings is the idea that cultural participation can create a sense of inclusion and collectiveness in a given community. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	Adding to such evidence, the current studys findings with respect to online forms of cultural capital show the potential of the Internet being used as a venue for appreciation and accumulation of cultural capital, consequently leading to positive psychological and social outcomes. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Measuring changes in subjective well‑being from engagement in the arts, culture and sport	In doing so, the analysis provides insight into the impact of the arts, culture and sport on overall well-being as well as reported satisfaction with specific domains of life. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Arts events and activities can give people a feeling of belonging (gained through joining a group or becoming involved with local arts organizations) and can reinforce an individuals connection to the community by giving public expression to the values and traditions of that community and sustaining its cultural heritage (Fromm, 1955; Lowe, 2000; Griffiths, 1993; Stern, 2000). .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Regular involvement in these arts activities can produce social solidarity and social cohesion through the creation of community symbols (e.g., neighborhood murals) and community identity. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	There is indeed a kind of pleasure in appreciating a work of art that relates powerfully to our own experiences. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	This kind of interaction immerses individuals in the communicative cycle of art, which creates intrinsic benefits. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Those individuals who are most engaged by their arts experience are the ones who are the most attuned to the intrinsic benefits, and those benefits create not only positive attitudes toward the arts, but also the motivation to return. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	It is such experiences that make people into life-long participants in the arts. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Moreover, the ability of the arts to express communal meaning and present expressions of shared cultural heritage are intrinsic benefits that have broader public value. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Whether it is the immediate delight and wonder that the arts experience can trigger or the cognitive benefits that come from more sustained arts involvement, the intrinsic benefits derived from the experience are what motivate individuals to become involved in the arts. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	These elements illustrate my opinion, sustaining that cultural heritage is an important avenue of investigations in cultural regeneration. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Culturally catalyzed transformations are even more viable, if they are founded on a rich cultural tradition of the place. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	At the same time, the cultural factors sustain and stimulate an increase of the cultural tourism. .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	When residents see their own cultural heritage being better preserved, they have more pride and higher SWB. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	The arts improve skills, cultural capital and creativity. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	Often, cultural facilities such as museums are central to plans to revitalise areas for example by capitalising on their past heritage. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	The Partnership, which included one of the UKs best-known celebratory organisations, Welfare State International, felt that the strong thread of cultural heritage was a highly valuable resource that could contribute significantly to promoting the image of the town. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	6. Recommendations Culture, but not just its aesthetic dimension, can make communities. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Also important is the integration of arts and culture into other public policy priorities such as education and community development, which can increase the potential support for cultural activity and further contribute to a vibrant cultural scene. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	It recognizes arts and cultural participation as valuable on its own terms and also integral to everyday life, community dynamics, and community conditions. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	To call special attention to these types of organizations, we term them pillar organizations because they are a mainstay for the diverse cultural participation and network of community stakeholders inherent in our concept of cultural vitality. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	This integration increases the potential support for cultural activity and, by extension, makes for a robust cultural scene. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	On the other hand, the concept of cultural vitality as we define it is attractive to many people because it is inclusive and makes possible the engagement of a wider set of stakeholders with potentially more power, who are concerned with making sure that a place has what it needs to be culturally vital. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Another dimension of cultural vitality is its system of support. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	The availability of better data about different aspects of cultural vitality is crucial and can lead to a much richer understanding of how different manifestations of the presence of arts and culture, cultural participation, and cultural support impact communities. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	This is yet another reason why, in addition to creating an appreciation for the role of arts and culture in and of itself, demonstrating the potential connections between cultural vitality and other community priorities is so crucial. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	Projects that offer cultural opportunities Participatory arts Most of the projects in the research involved creating opportunities for people to participate in arts activities - some of these projects had social and personal objectives such as to increase confidence and self-esteem. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	The benefits of cultural participation are not limited to the participants, but they also include the artistic milieu of a country. .
Sandell, R.,	Social inclusion, the museum and the dynamics of sectoral change.	At an individual or personal level, engagement with museums can deliver positive outcomes such as enhanced self-esteem, confidence and creativity. .
Gallou, E., ; Fouseki, K.,	Applying Social Impact Assessment (SIA) Principles in Assessing Contribution of Cultural Heritage to Social Sustainability.	Aim of the questions was not only to locate heritage values, but also understand that heritage potential assists sustainable development locally and specifically affects communitys well-being. .
Markusen , A., ; Godwa, A.,	Arts and Culture in Urban or Regional Planning: A Review and Research Agenda	They also posit that cultural investments, compared to other neighborhood revitalization tools, excel at nurturing both bonding and bridging social capital. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	It argues for recognition of the critical link between community culture and social cohesion, and demonstrates how community-based arts programs are powerful catalysts for developing healthy, viable communities. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	The value of community art lies in its expression of community culture, as part of the culture of wider society. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	The intensity of the creative process built trust and respect within the group around their shared values and life experiences. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Community culture plays a key role in fostering cultural diversity: it is a fundamental element in the expression of cultural values, and social interaction is a requirement for this expression to occur. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Pride in the result: a quality result which generates a sense of group pride in the collective artistic achievement. .
Tavano Blessi, G.; Grossi, E.; Sacco, P. L.; Piereti, G.; Ferilli, G.	The contribution of cultural participation to urban well-being. A comparative study in Bolzano/Bozen and Siracusa, Italy	Ina nutshell, cultural opportunities benefit individual well-being relatively more when they are placed in a context that favours cultural activity and participation, and vice versa. .
Tavano Blessi, G.; Grossi, E.; Sacco, P. L.; Piereti, G.; Ferilli, G.	The contribution of cultural participation to urban well-being. A comparative study in Bolzano/Bozen and Siracusa, Italy	The more culture becomes socially salient, available, and generally appreciated, the stronger its well-being effects and the more robust the social sustainability of cultural strategies. .
Binnie, J.	Does Viewing Art in the Museum Reduce Anxiety and Improve Wellbeing?	For many people working within the cultural sector, this belief is the motivating factor behind their commitment to their work. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	In these cases, urban renewal and heritage conservation can compliment and support each other, resulting in the local people building new place attachments and having a sense of belonging. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Social factors of heritage conservation The literature on conservation around the world discusses the ways that heritage conservation can contribute to the social wellbeing of people in urban renewal and regeneration districts. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	It contributes to a unique sense of place and community tradition. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	A heritage site is also a common means/ground to link people to their roots. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Moreover, heritage building should reflect self or community identity and enrich daily social lives, thus, contributing to cultural diversity. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	First, revitalized heritage buildings can affect the behavior and attitudes of the members of the community collectively and help them form some kind of bond. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Third, if a revitalized heritage building can retain the inhabitants' sense of ownership of place, this may contribute to improving their self-esteem. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Finally, after revitalization, the heritage buildings should become landmarks in the districts whose own symbolic meanings arise from symbols, spirit, emotions and nostalgia of place. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	The heritage buildings can also act as platforms for exchanging diversified cultures and to foster creativity. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	As well, a heritage conservation project is considered to be socially beneficial if it can enhance social interactions and social networks in the community and is associated with collective memory, which helps to create a stronger cultural identity and sense of community. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	At the same time, a heritage conservation project should also enhance cultural diversity and engender creativity. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	With the implementation of responsive policies and the organization of community events and activities, heritage conservation can enhance social interaction and social networks, enrich collective memory and create cultural identity, cultural diversity and sense of community. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Subjective well-being and engagement in arts, culture and sport.	Museums and historical sites, which both exhibit a number of cultural characteristics, are associated with greater satisfaction. .
Backman, M., ; Nilsson, P.,	The role of cultural heritage in attracting skilled individuals	Results suggest that these types of cultural heritages are important place-based resources with a potential to contribute to improved regional attractiveness and growth..
Backman, M., ; Nilsson, P.,	The role of cultural heritage in attracting skilled individuals	Alongside these traditional factors, we also find that there are some natural and cultural qualities that are positively associated with growth in human capital. .
Backman, M., ; Nilsson, P.,	The role of cultural heritage in attracting skilled individuals	The local supply of built heritages (listed monuments, historical buildings and site) and cultural environments is positively associated with the growth in human capital. .
Horton, S., ; Spence, J.,	Scoping the economic and social impact of archives.	Archives also have the potential to provide a valuable means by which individuals can identify with particular groups or communities, and as such can be seen as contributing to bonding social capital. .
Horton, S., ; Spence, J.,	Scoping the economic and social impact of archives.	The study is able to conclude from this that heritage has important positive impacts in the following areas: Economic impact: in terms of employment, tourism spending, urban renaissance, rural regeneration, and in shaping regional image and identity Cultural impact: in enhancing wider cultural well-being, and in terms of its own intrinsic cultural value, which helps shape regional and community identity Social impact: in relation to a range of education projects and initiatives to widen access and participation, which are providing a focus for community development and participation. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Archives and the records management strategies they employ have the potential to engage citizens with local history, promote education, foster a sense of community inclusion, support local cultural programs, and to develop the local economy. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	This may be because archives have traditionally been identified with cultural endeavours. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Archives and other cultural institutions help citizens to develop a sense of community and commonality among one another. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Along with local museums, libraries, galleries, and historic sites (all of whose work an archives can support with documentation), an archives is a key part of a group of amenities that make life in a community attractive, and can thus help draw people to a community to visit and to live. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Participation in the creation and use of an archival institution can thus support a sense of community ownership and inclusion. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Identity mapping deals with intangible cultural resources, such as local histories, traditions and values that combine to create a sense of community identity. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	One of the most significant contributions lies in the ability of arts and culture to help shape reflective individuals, facilitating greater understanding of themselves and their lives, empathy with respect to others, and an appreciation of the diversity of human experience and cultures. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	For example, we know that individuals who are involved in cultural activities tend to be more positive about and active in other dimensions of community life. .
Badham, M.,	Cultural Indicators: Tools for Community Engagement?	A Cultural Development Perspective Through creative collaboration and a values based approach, Community Cultural Development has a long history of strengthening communities, expressing cultural identity, and even addressing contentious issues at the grassroots level. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	Cultural activities, when they promote tolerance and mutual understanding, can be the fabric capable of keeping different communities together - the sense of place and the desire for reshaping a positive image for the city can also be a powerful driver for culture-led local development. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	It is heritage that brings together cultural aspects from the historical, anthropological, ethnic, aesthetic and societal viewpoints, influences creativity and is the origin of a number of heritage goods and services as well as cultural activities. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	The creative industries not only enable countries and regions to preserve their traditional heritage and to promote their own unique cultural identity to the world, but they also provide these countries with a source of economic growth, employment creation and increased participation in the global economy. .
Bianchini, F., ; Tommarchi, E., ; Hansen, L., E.	Problematising the question of participation in Capitals of Culture	There is nonetheless a growing recognition of the links between cultural participation and individual wellbeing (see for instance Galloway, 2006; Clift, 2012; Tavano Blessi et al., 2014 and 2016) and for example of the fact that engaging in cultural activity may have positive outcomes in dealing with e.g. anxiety and depression. .
Rahbarianyazd, R., ; Doratli, N.,	Assessing the contribution of cultural agglomeration in urban regeneration through developing cultural strategies.	Mostly they are built on a longstanding tradition and support local cultural industries. .
Widodo J., Wong Y.C., Ismail F.	DIGITAL HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE METHODOLOGY for HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT of SINGAPORE	It will help them to spread the heritage, culture and tradition beyond those who are native to the heritage. .
Cantillon Z., Baker S.	DIY Heritage Institutions as Third Places: Caring, Community and Wellbeing Among Volunteers at the Australian Jazz Museum	One such shared characteristic is that the ongoing involvement of volunteers in the community heritage sector is motivated not only by the important work of preservation, curation, and display that they do, but by the social and affective benefits that go along with it. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	Recurring themes are that engagement in artmaking reduces stress, facilitates contact with more positive emotions, increases self-worth and promotes feelings of social connectedness. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	Enjoying being together - group participation motivates participation All participants highlighted the social benefits of participation in the programme, as well as enjoying the inner experience of creativity. .
la Cour K., Josephsson S., Luborsky M.	Creating connections of life during life-threatening illness: Creative activity experienced by elderly people and occupational therapists	Results in common of these studies are that engagement in cultural and creative occupations can play an important role by providing patients with relief from problems, increasing selfesteem, and improving health. .
Hsu K.-W., Lin M.-L., Chao J.-C., Huang S.-F.	Constructing an evaluation framework for eco-museum operations-management performance, based on the case of Jhushan, Taiwan	The preservation of cultural heritage has a considerable impact on residents identity, and can also promote community participation. .
Hsu K.-W., Lin M.-L., Chao J.-C., Huang S.-F.	Constructing an evaluation framework for eco-museum operations-management performance, based on the case of Jhushan, Taiwan	Here, the importance of the sheer longevity of the tradition should not be underestimated as it connects to sustainability, as well as to cultural values. .
Lamontagne C., Palardy L.	Les impatients: A fragrance of health Les Impatients: Un parfum de santé	For these reasons and many more, many participants have reported the positive impacts of their involvement in the arts on their recovery. .
Liu Y.-D.	Event and sustainable culture-led regeneration: Lessons from the 2008 European Capital of Culture, Liverpool	Therefore, ensuring cultural sustainability is a key element of successful culture-led regeneration. .
Cerreta M., Daldanise G., Sposito S.	Culture-led regeneration for urban spaces Monitoring complex values networks in action	Indeed, culture, as an integrated and driving component, can make a difference in the processes of urban regeneration: renewing the image of the city and its neighbourhoods, fostering pride and a sense of belonging amongst its residents, attracting investment and tourism, improving the quality of life and social cohesion, enabling new job opportunities in the cultural and creative sectors, etc. .
Pastak I., Kährik A.	The impacts of culture-led flagship projects on local communities in the context of post-socialist tallinn	However, culture-based projects are also regarded by project initiators and politicians as improving the quality of life for local residents. .
Ozden P.	Culture-led regeneration projects in post-industrial areas: The Istanbul experience	Indeed, culture, as an integrated and driving component, can make a difference in the processes of urban regeneration: renewing the image of the city and its neighbourhoods, fostering pride and a sense of belonging amongst its residents, attracting investment and tourism, improving the quality of life and social cohesion, enabling new job opportunities in the cultural and creative sectors, etc. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	Equally, the performing arts have historically been cited as making people feel good and improving their quality of life. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	She found that the building of community and participating in such a sensual art form had a positive impact on the participants relationships with their bodies and they reported feeling more emotionally and psychologically comfortable with themselves. .
Lindblad K., de Boise S.	Musical engagement and subjective wellbeing amongst men in the third age	Rather, it fills deep psychological and social/emotional needs as part of their identity, giving them a sense of meaning and stability..
Biondi L., Demartini P., Marchegiani L., Marchiori M., Piber M.	Understanding orchestrated participatory cultural initiatives: Mapping the dynamics of governance and participation	Culture helps to build up individual and collective identities and is a crucial asset that can be developed by communities for far-reaching benefits. .
Biondi L., Demartini P., Marchegiani L., Marchiori M., Piber M.	Understanding orchestrated participatory cultural initiatives: Mapping the dynamics of governance and participation	Moreover, cultural-creative experiences are not merely single events in the life of an individual; they also contribute to a joint sense of identity. .
Biondi L., Demartini P., Marchegiani L., Marchiori M., Piber M.	Understanding orchestrated participatory cultural initiatives: Mapping the dynamics of governance and participation	Far beyond their intrinsic artistic value, communitybased cultural initiatives foster the participation of citizens at various levels, thus increasing civic engagement and community pride. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	The work also highlights the importance attached by the attendees to the cultural impacts of the festival, which are, in fact, the essence of the event..
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	Cultural festivals can contribute to development both from a personal point of view (self-esteem, confidence, creativity) and from a general perspective (creating a social atmosphere nice). .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	all of it as a consequence of the learning opportunities of the cultural events, the exposure to creativity, the creation of networks and relationships between people and the close relationship that festivals have with the place where they take place. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	In short, festivals play a fundamental role in diversifying the cultural offer of cities and regions, preserving the culture of society, improving the well-being of citizens and increasing social cohesion. .
Peterson M.	Living with difference in hyper-diverse areas: how important are encounters in semi-public spaces? Vécu de la différence dans les quartiers hyper-divers : importance des rencontres dans les espaces semi-publics El vivir con lo diferente en zonas excesivamente diversas: ¿cuán importantes son los encuentros en espacios semi-públicos?	Shared customs, traditions and language provide this emotional bonding factor by letting participants identify with each other more easily. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	Community cultural events tend to make people feel better about themselves and their communities, but without prior measures it is difficult to establish the range and magnitude of such effects. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	People value the contribution to identity and self-expression that arises from participation in the festival. .
Thomson L.J., Morse N., Elsden E., Chatterjee H.J.	Art, nature and mental health: assessing the biopsychosocial effects of a ‘creative green prescription’ museum programme involving horticulture, artmaking and collections	There is also good evidence to show that creative engagement in museums supports health and wellbeing, quality of life, social inclusion and lifelong learning. .
Thomson L.J., Morse N., Elsden E., Chatterjee H.J.	Art, nature and mental health: assessing the biopsychosocial effects of a ‘creative green prescription’ museum programme involving horticulture, artmaking and collections	The new learning gained from the programme, across both nature and arts topics, also contributed to a shared sense of community and individual self-esteem, thereby reducing feelings of isolation commonly reported by participants before the start of the project. .
Monsuez J.-J., François V., Ratiney R., Trinchet I., Polomeni P., Sebbane G., Muller S., Litout M., Castagno C., Frandji D.	Museum moving to inpatients: Le louvre à l’hôpital	Arts and cultural programs were reported to enhance their quality of life. .
Morse N., Chatterjee H.	Museums, health and wellbeing research: co-developing a new observational method for people with dementia in hospital contexts	The museum professionals wanted the programme to support participant wellbeing by providing an enjoyable time and an opportunity to connect emotionally with museum objects they might remember from their childhood. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	Meaning in life The findings in the study show that the service users have a comprehensive understanding of the role that the arts and cultural activity have in their lives and this understanding makes them experts on their own engagement in the arts and places them in a position to contribute as an engaged expert in their recovery. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	Being able to develop a creative identity and engaging in arts activities has positive wellbeing benefits and provide purpose and/or meaning in life to some service users. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	In this way, engagement in arts can be a vital element in rebuilding life, contributing to survival and providing meaning in life for a service user and as a positive step in the recovery journey. .
Roe B., McCormick S., Lucas T., Gallagher W., Winn A., Elkin S.	Coffee, Cake & Culture: Evaluation of an art for health programme for older people in the community	Engagement in cultural and creative arts by older people can increase their morale and self-confidence and provides opportunities for social connection. .
Ketch R.A., Rubin R.T., Baker M.R., Sones A.C., Ames D.	Art appreciation for veterans with severe mental illness in a VA Psychosocial Rehabilitation and Recovery Center	Appreciating art thus appears to promote both subjective and objective improvement in recovery and community re-integration for veterans who are experiencing chronic and disabling emotional distress. .
Paddon H.L., Thomson L.J.M., Menon U., Lanceley A.E., Chatterjee H.J.	Mixed methods evaluation of well-being benefits derived from a heritage-in-health intervention with hospital patients	Heritage-in-health interventions offered by museums (including art galleries) exemplify the NEF view of well-being, particularly the actions concerned with connecting and learning seen to promote renewed confidence and enjoyment. .
Ander E.E., Thomson L.J.M., Blair K., Noble G., Menon U., Lanceley A., Chatterjee H.J.	Using museum objects to improve wellbeing in mental health service users and neurological rehabilitation clients	Additionally, heritage objects were aesthetically pleasing in their colour, form and pattern while handmade items demonstrated the makers skills. .
Ander E.E., Thomson L.J.M., Blair K., Noble G., Menon U., Lanceley A., Chatterjee H.J.	Using museum objects to improve wellbeing in mental health service users and neurological rehabilitation clients	The research found that the sensory nature of museum objects, combined with a positive narrative, enhanced feelings of confidence, vitality, participation, identity, enjoyment and wellbeing. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	As it improves personal development, in turn heritage induces the improvement of interpersonal relationships. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Music making activities can therefore positively contribute to a sense of well-being for participants through the promotion of music as part of personal and social identity. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Applied ethnomusicology projects can also have more intangible ends, such as contributing to the vitality of a cultural movement, or even simply imbuing a given cultural practice or cultural group with respect and dignity. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The ultimate purpose of designing the accompaniment, and the film itself, in this way reflects a desire to connect culturally with the intended audience, in a way that foregrounds culture as a vital contribution towards the social determinants of health for the communities involved in this project. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	However, this chapter explores how participation in performing arts also benefits some requirements for survival: health and well-being. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The Arts, Indigenous Peoples and the Social Determinants of Health As studies have shown, because the arts are so deeply entwined in the continuation of culture and tradition (AIHW 2009; CA 2009; Marmion et al. 2014), they have the capacity to play an integral role in promoting Aboriginal peoples health and well-being and impacting upon the SDOH. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	In this way, the lifelong learning established as a part of arts participation is also impactful on the health determinant Language, Heritage, and Strong Cultural Identity. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	As a result, the current study supports the notion that arts-based practices can encourage connections within community and strengthen social capital, and thus may also contribute towards favourable health outcomes for community members. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	As the brief illustrations in this chapter have shown, participating in a documentary process designed to promote the continuation of culture and participating in a community festival designed to bring cultures together can play an important role in the health and well-being of First Peoples and culturally diverse community more broadly. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	Understanding this, music thus becomes an empowering asset that offers listeners a unique sense of personal control over their experiences, which can add to their emotional well-being. .
Habron J., Butterly F., Gordon I., Roebuck A.	Being well, being musical: Music composition as a resource and occupation for older people	The collaborative nature of community arts projects are of significance and may be positively linked to health and wellbeing. .
Habron J., Butterly F., Gordon I., Roebuck A.	Being well, being musical: Music composition as a resource and occupation for older people	Key findings Creative music composition enhanced a sense of identity for a group of older people. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	This, in turn, led to sustainability of key communities and offers the potential for inclusive growth in cultural heritage and cultural tourism, post conflict. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	Strengthening the Sense of Belonging and Empowering Local Groups Engaging with community archaeology and heritage projects not only reinforces the need for communities to come together, it enhances the relationships. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	Such engagement in cultural activities has been found to result in: the gaining of new skills improved informal and formal learning, increased self-confidence, self-esteem and feeling of self-worth, the improvement or creation of social networks, an enhanced quality of life, the promotion of social cohesion, personal and community empowerment, and improvement of personal and local image, identity and wellbeing. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	Practically, we also found that art and culture policies that lead to community engagement, storytelling and exchange of cultural heritage can have lasting effects that can aid in conflict prevention and help grow the development of cultural heritage, especially as opportunities for women. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	We also found that those that utilised the long lasting traditions of arts and cultural production were able to help validate peoples stories (the intangible cultural heritage) and perspectives by bringing people together to discover shared goals and strength. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	Inspiring Social Action Another factor that can be at the core of shaping identity and a sense of belonging is the nature of the archaeological work as a process to produce heritage; therefore, people engaged in these practices are a focus of local cultures and traditions and often become more engaged in their communities which helps the inclusion practices through social connectedness, participation and partnership, which, in turn, empower the indicators of social inclusion like understanding, acceptance and mutual trust. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	These include personal enrichment, social learning, satisfaction from sharing the heritage products with others, and less anxiety about the present. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	Whether becoming involved in heritage is good for ones health is thus significant in this respect. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	Understanding the spaces being created and occupied by community-based heritage groups and whether they are likely to promote social wellbeing is important. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	Heritage conservation as noted above is by its very nature about generating a closer relationship with one's local area. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	From the above two comments, it is clear that heritage conservation can go some way towards helping people make strong connections with their local sense of place and to some extent help alleviate some present day anxieties. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	Moreover, these positive affects appeared to have contributed to wider experiences of belonging, engagement, and social wellbeing, with each tied to place overtly. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	For the first point, there were obvious benefits from being able to draw on one's love of history and place, in terms of building and sustaining one's sense of belonging, cultural identity and security in one's area. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	Our findings show that people can develop much stronger, long-lasting connections with their communities through the heritage conservation work. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	Moreover, we would argue that facing these challenges can have longer lasting health-enabling effects, given the wider collective sense of community, belonging, order, balance, stability and place which can be cultivated and sustained by researching and conserving the heritage of one's local area. .
Hidalgo M.	Valuing the economic and social impact of the Carnival of Blacks and Whites of Pasto, Colombia Valoración del impacto económico y social del Carnaval de Negros y Blancos de Pasto, Colombia	It is a unique event that deserves to be safeguarded, because, like any other leisure activity, it invigorates cultural consumption. .
Butler U.M., Princeswal M.	Cultures of participation: Young peoples engagement in the public sphere in Brazil	The consequences of this are variously described as having to do with a sense of self-esteem, of not feeling ashamed to be considered as belonging to a particular group or category, but rather, a renewed sense of pride at being part of a constituency with a particular history and culture. .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Joice S., Kroll T., Mead G., Donnan P., Toma M., Williams B.	Art participation for psychosocial wellbeing during stroke rehabilitation: a feasibility randomised controlled trial	Art participation may enhance self-efficacy and positively influence emotional wellbeing. .
Nielsen S.L., Fich L.B., Roesslerb K.K., Mullins M.F.	How do patients actually experience and use art in hospitals? The significance of interaction: A user-oriented experimental case study	Furthermore, for some patients, art becomes a tool for existential support and a connection to life. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	Art-making provided a variety of experiences that enriched the participants inner mental life, and also promoted feelings of connectedness with the wider physical and social worlds. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	The sensual aspects of art-making were experienced as dynamic, bringing a rich inner life, and thereby enhancing wellbeing: I like colour and light and pattern. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	Inspiration was also stronger when participants could relate to the artist, either in terms of lyrical content, gender, ethnicity, or life experience. .
Florian Carl ,Rosemond Kutsidzo	Music a nd Wellbeing in Everyday Life: An Exploratory Study of Music Experience in Ghana	The music had strong personal association for him and he considered it to be very important to the activity thus enhancing the quality of the moment. .
Zhang, Y.; Tzortzopoulos, P.; Kagioglou, M.	Healing built-environment effects on health outcomes: environment–occupant–health framework.	Furthermore, it affects the perception ofa coloured display and/ or wayfinding sign, which are efficient in alleviating stress levels (relaxing atmosphere). .
Fancourt, D.; Steptoe, A.; Cadar, D.	Cultural engagement and cognitive reserve: museum attendance and dementia incidence over a 10-year period	Visiting museums is also a light physical activity so could reduce the negative effects of sedentary behaviours. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	This could be due in part to its ability to relieve stress. .
Landry, C., ; Bianchini, F.,	The Creative City	They lighten up the townscape, reduce the claustrophobia of the densely packed city and provide much needed breathing space and recreation areas. .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	Arts and cultural activities in health environments were seen as a tool for reducing stress and burnout, improving mood, work efforts, patient/ staff relationships, working environment and wellbeing. .
Binnie, J.	Does Viewing Art in the Museum Reduce Anxiety and Improve Wellbeing?	Discussion From the data collected within these two studies it appears that, at least for the museum visiting population, viewing art within a museum does have a positive impact upon anxiety, and thus also wellbeing. .
Binnie, J.	Does Viewing Art in the Museum Reduce Anxiety and Improve Wellbeing?	This positive experience for museums and art gallery visitors suggests that as well as being seen as educational or enjoyable places to visit, that the well-known idea that they are spaces of calm within a busy world can be true and as such museums and art galleries can be seen as places beneficial to personal wellbeing..
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Subjective well-being and engagement in arts, culture and sport.	A positive relationship with life satisfaction is present when museum visits are frequent, although it should be noted that visiting museums at least 3-4 times per year is associated with greater life and leisure satisfaction and general happiness. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Subjective well-being and engagement in arts, culture and sport.	Meanwhile, less frequent engagement in more passive activities including visiting historical sites and museums generates positive leisure experience. .
de Paiva A., Jedon R.	Short- and long-term effects of architecture on the brain: Toward theoretical formalization	A short-term exposure, short-term effect in this case can be the fact that just by viewing a natural sight for a few minutes can help lower stress levels, blood pressure, and muscle tension. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	Participants enjoyed respite from caregiving both through spending time immersed in the art-making process as well as participating in the social exchanges surrounding this. .
Troscianko E.T.	Literary reading and eating disorders: Survey evidence of therapeutic help and harm	It can also relax me and take my mind of the daily stresses. .
Abbing A., Ponstein A., van Hooren S., de Sonneville L., Swaab H., Baars E.	The effectiveness of art therapy for anxiety in adults: A systematic review of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials	using art-making as a relaxing activity, leading to stress reduction; .
Koch S.C., Mergheim K., Raeke J., Machado C.B., Riegner E., Nolden J., Diermayr G., von Moreau D., Hillecke T.K.	The embodied self in Parkinsons Disease: Feasibility of a single tango intervention for assessing changes in psychological health outcomes and aesthetic experience	Movement in a protected setting seems to generally stimulate positive affect, vitality, and coping, and to decrease tension, depressed affect, and anxiety. .
Mastandrea S., Maricchiolo F., Carrus G., Giovannelli I., Giuliani V., Berardi D.	Visits to figurative art museums may lower blood pressure and stress	Visits to art museum, in particular representational art style, may have positive effects on stress, decreasing heart rate and blood pressure. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	The service users found museums to be places where they found stimulation and a place for learning, relaxation and wellbeing: Museums are very important ... important for people from the hospital who have been through crises, for inspiration . if they spent their time on creativity, then museum and galleries are a good idea . It makes my life better . I gained inspiration from the visits (Lotte). .
Mastandrea S., Fagioli S., Biasi V.	Art and psychological well-being: Linking the brain to the aesthetic emotion	Using psychophysiological measures, studies find visits to art museums decrease stress, which could promote health and well-being (Clow and Fredhoi, 2006; Mastandrea et al., 2018). .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	There can also be health benefits associated with walking around between places associated with the heritage project. .
Brown J.L., MacDonald R., Mitchell R.	Are People Who Participate in Cultural Activities More Satisfied with Life?	Heritage recreation can provide these opportunities while being an alternative for people who do not like or cannot participate in sports. .
Awtuch A., Gȩbczyńska-Janowicz A.	Art and Healthcare - Healing Potential of Artistic Interventions in Medical Settings	Any positive distraction can elicit positive feelings, hold attention and interest and, therefore, reduce stressful thoughts. .
Awtuch A., Gȩbczyńska-Janowicz A.	Art and Healthcare - Healing Potential of Artistic Interventions in Medical Settings	The distraction therapy with nature sights and sounds significantly reduces pain in patients undergoing medical procedures. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	The sensuality of art-making also captured attention, sustained creative effort, and offered distraction from negative experiences for those living in difficult circumstances. .
Strong, J., V.; Mast, B., T.	The cognitive functioning of older adult instrumental musicians and non-musicians.	It could be argued that beginning a skill that has established benefits to the cognitive functioning of the brain in later stages of life would provide a boost to skills like executive function and memory. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	Several articles in this volume address the idea that art, heritage, and culture enhance our understanding and capacity for action. .
Fancourt, D.; Steptoe, A.; Cadar, D.	Cultural engagement and cognitive reserve: museum attendance and dementia incidence over a 10-year period	Theories of cognitive reserve suggest that complex and stimulating experiences can enhance neuronal structure and brain function, protecting against neurodegeneration.1 .
Fancourt, D.; Steptoe, A.; Cadar, D.	Cultural engagement and cognitive reserve: museum attendance and dementia incidence over a 10-year period	In conclusion, this novel analysis demonstrates that cultural participation through museum attendance could provide opportunities for interventions in older adults as a way of supporting engaged lifestyles to prevent dementia. .
Harland, J., ; Kinder , K., ; Hartley, K.,	Arts in their view. A study of youth participation in the arts.	This creativity and imagination is obviously inherent in the more traditional art forms, but it also needs to be recognised as an important force behind intellectual development, social and technological progression, and cultural renewal. .
Thomson, L. J.; Lockyer, B.; Camic, P. M.; Chatterjee, H. J.	Effects of a museum-based social prescription intervention on quantitative measures of psychological wellbeing in older adults	Conclusion: Museums can be instrumental in offering museum-based programmes for older adults to improve psychological wellbeing over time. .
Thomson, L. J.; Lockyer, B.; Camic, P. M.; Chatterjee, H. J.	Effects of a museum-based social prescription intervention on quantitative measures of psychological wellbeing in older adults	CONCLUSION Museums can be instrumental in offering older adult activities that improve psychological wellbeing and may lead to long-term outcomes such as sustained social capital and enhanced physical health. .
Windle, G.; Gregory, S.; Howson-Griffiths, T.; Newman, A.; O Brien, D.; Gouldin, A.	Exploring the theoretical foundations of visual art programmes for people living with dementia	When visual art programmes were designed to be failure-free, using good quality, age appropriate materials that maximised the residual capacities of the participants, they were able to trigger positive psychological processes in people living with dementia. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Archives present an excellent environment in which older people can exercise their minds and foster a state of well being. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Creating an archival mandate can be an exciting process in that it allows community members to imagine the potential an archival institution may have for their community. .
de Paiva A., Jedon R.	Short- and long-term effects of architecture on the brain: Toward theoretical formalization	By contrast, architectural environments that offer cognitive, social, and physical stimulation can help prevent many physical illnesses and mental diseases, avoid stress, and enhance learning and memory processes. .
Eum Y., Yim J., Choi W.	Elderly health and literature therapy: A theoretical review	Positive psychology can help the mental health of the elderly. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	There is increasing evidence in the international literature that engagement in the arts can enhance the physical and psychological wellbeing of older people. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	Participatory arts programmes can have positive effects on the general health, mental health and social activities of older people. .
Tymoszuk U., Perkins R., Spiro N., Williamon A., Fancourt D.	Longitudinal associations between short-term, repeated, and sustained arts engagement and well-being outcomes in Older Adults	These findings, taken together with previous evidence of the importance of arts engagement for well-being in older adulthood, suggest that policies that facilitate access to certain arts venues and support older adults engagement with them, for example, through free admission schemes and investments in local cultural initiatives, may help to promote happy, fulfilling lives of an increasing segment of the population..
Fancourt D., Steptoe A.	The art of life and death: 14 year follow-up analyses of associations between arts engagement and mortality in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing	This finding is consistent with research that shows that receptive arts engagement can help in preventing and managing depression, and that it can provide support in preventing cognitive decline and in developing cognitive reserve. .
Fancourt D., Steptoe A.	Cultural engagement predicts changes in cognitive function in older adults over a 10 year period: Findings from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing	There is increasing evidence that leading an active, socially engaged lifestyle might protect against cognitive decline. .
Fancourt D., Steptoe A.	Cultural engagement predicts changes in cognitive function in older adults over a 10 year period: Findings from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing	Complex and stimulating experiences can enhance neuronal structure and brain function through additional environmental stimulation and thereby provide a protective effect either against neurodegeneration or cognitive decline. .
Fancourt D., Steptoe A.	Cultural engagement predicts changes in cognitive function in older adults over a 10 year period: Findings from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing	So combined stress-reducing and affect-enhancing effects of receptive cultural activities provide another explanation for how receptive cultural activities could protect against cognitive decline. .
Fancourt D., Steptoe A.	Cultural engagement predicts changes in cognitive function in older adults over a 10 year period: Findings from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing	In light of this, a key consideration is whether programmes to increase cultural engagement amongst older adults could specifically arrest a decline in cognitive function. .
Särkämö T.	Music for the ageing brain: Cognitive, emotional, social, and neural benefits of musical leisure activities in stroke and dementia	Taken together, these findings suggest that musical leisure activities are clearly beneficial for seniors and can serve as an effective means to combat age-related cognitive decline. .
Mahendran R., Rawtaer I., Fam J., Wong J., Kumar A.P., Gandhi M., Jing K.X., Feng L., Kua E.H.	Art therapy and music reminiscence activity in the prevention of cognitive decline: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial	Early introduction of psycho-social interventions can address cognitive decline and significantly impact quality of life and the wellbeing of elderly individuals. .
Hanna G.P., Noelker L.S., Bienvenu B.	The arts, health, and aging in America: 2005-2015	The central premise of these recommendations was that the arts are a national and human resource and participating in them is vital to healthy aging. .
Windle G., Gregory S., Newman A., Goulding A., OBrien D., Parkinson C.	Understanding the impact of visual arts interventions for people living with dementia: A realist review protocol	Background: Arts-based activities are being increasingly suggested as a valuable activity for people living with dementia in terms of countering the negative aspects of their condition. .
Sarah Kate Smith,Anthea Innes, Sophie Bushell	Exploring the impact of live music performances on the wellbeing of community dwelling people living with dementia and their care partners	Music based initiatives can enhance the wellbeing of people living with dementia. .
Kaimal, G.; Gonzaga, A., M.; Schwachter, V.	Crafting, health and wellbeing: findings from the survey of public participation in the arts and considerations for art therapists.	Expression through crafts, decorating ones environment, and art making, including other creative pursuits such as writing, reading, hiking and more, can be a restorative act of relaxation, empower a sense of intrinsic control, enhance motivation and increase psychological well-being (Geda et al., 2011). .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	For mental health service users in Nottingham, Durham and Portsmouth, arts projects had represented a valued and supportive environment in which to relax and get to know other people. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Measuring changes in subjective well‑being from engagement in the arts, culture and sport	A number of studies have shown positive contributions from the following activities to subjective well-being: music and creative art activities (Cohen 2009; Cameron et al. 2013; Creech et al. 2013; Green 2016; Wang and Wong 2014, p. 100; Wood and Smith 2004) which may act as a source of inspiration and motivation, as well as influencing identity (Green 2016); museum visits, which are associated with benefits to psychological well-being, social interaction, relaxation and stress reduction (Chatterjee and Noble 2013; Packer 2008); libraries, which have been suggested to offer potential mental health benefits, e.g. use of books in therapy (Fanner and Urquhart 2008); and sport, recreational exercise and fitness which generates well-being benefits through mental and physical stimulation, and social capital and affiliation benefits associated with the enhancement of social networks (Cabinet Office 2015; Downward and Ras-ciute 2011; Hamer et al. 2009; Kavetsos 2011; Nichols et al. 2012; Schuttoff et al. 2018; Taylor et al. 2015). .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Measuring changes in subjective well‑being from engagement in the arts, culture and sport	Leisure satisfaction benefits are also found arising from higher levels of engagement in arts activities and events, historical sites and both moderate and mild sports. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	First, the arts can provide a variety of benefits that are primarily personal, or private, such as providing pleasure or relieving the anxiety felt before undergoing a medical procedure. .
Daykin, N.; Byrne, E.; Soteriou, T.; O’Connor, S.	The impact of art, design and enviroment in mental healthcare: a systematic review of the literature	Key benefits of arts were identified including: therapeutic benefits; enhanced experiences of care; reducing vandalism and aggression; providing greater privacy and dignity for patients; promoting a sense of identity; and enhancing staff morale and motivation. .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	The actual benefits have been documented as better mental health on different levels. .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	Improvement in the wellbeing of participants with short-term and longterm mental health problems was also found. .
Binnie, J.	Does Viewing Art in the Museum Reduce Anxiety and Improve Wellbeing?	One type of response which is of particular interest within this research is that of a sense of relaxation, calming and the reduction of anxiety. .
Poulos, R.G.; Marwood, S.; Harkin, D.; Opher, S.; Clift, S.; Cole, A.M.D.; Rhee, J.; Beilharz, K.; Poulos, C.J.	Arts on prescription for community‐dwelling older people with a range of health and wellness needs	We suggest that the manner in which the professional artists worked with participants also facilitated the gains in mental wellbeing attained. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Some people may find remembering the past to be a happy and nostalgic experience. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	Participants experienced the arts group as providing a sense of freedom and respite, strengthening identity through promoting achievement, offering social support through a collective focus on art- and craft-making and increasing resilience for coping with caring. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	The creative art-making within a supportive social environment helped to alleviate the sense of depletion that carers associated with caregiving and offered a brief experience of respite that they felt enhanced their resilience and coping resources. .
Reynolds F., Vivat B., Prior S.	Womens experiences of increasing subjective well-being in CFS/ME through leisure-based arts and crafts activities: A qualitative study	Once established as a leisure activity, art-making increased subjective well-being mainly through providing increased satisfaction in daily life, positive self-image, hope, and contact with the outside world. .
Reynolds F., Vivat B., Prior S.	Womens experiences of increasing subjective well-being in CFS/ME through leisure-based arts and crafts activities: A qualitative study	Colour within the artwork itself had positive effects on emotional state, through both its direct stimulus and its capacity to trigger positive memories about life and self before illness. .
Reynolds F., Vivat B., Prior S.	Womens experiences of increasing subjective well-being in CFS/ME through leisure-based arts and crafts activities: A qualitative study	Once established as a regular leisure activity, artmaking supported subjective well-being in various ways. .
Bergqvist P., Punzi E.	“Living poets society”–a qualitative study of how Swedish psychologists incorporate reading and writing in clinical work	Different forms of reading and writing can have therapeutic effects and therefore beneficially are incorporated into mental health care. .
Pettersson C.	Psychological well-being, improved self-confidence, and social capacity: bibliotherapy from a user perspective	Psychological well-being The reading circle was apparently meaningful to the participants and taking part had a positive effect on their perception of their health and psychological well-being. .
Brewster L.	Murder by the book: Using crime fiction as a bibliotherapeutic resource	Enabling people to find pleasure in reading can be considered an outcomeas well as a process of managing symptoms of poor mental health and well-being. .
Morita H., Sugamura G.	Reading poems to oneself affects emotional state and level of distraction	Effect on Mood Silent reading of positive poetry with personal and social perspectives enhanced a sense of leisure and relaxation. .
Funaro M.C., Rojiani R., Norton M.J.	Improving community well-being through collaborative initiatives at a medical library	Providing wellness activities such as mindfulness meditation or spaces for self-defined care can help health care professionals cope with stress. .
Imtiaz D., Anwar Y., Khan A.	Wearable sensors and a multisensory music and reminiscence therapies application: To help reduce behavioral and psychological symptoms in person with dementia	The pictures/video created a calming effect on the individual. .
Beauchet O., Cooper-Brown L., Hayashi Y., Galery K., Vilcocq C., Bastien T.	Effects of thursdays at the Museum at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts on the mental and physical health of older community dwellers: The art-health randomized clinical trial protocol	In conclusion, participation in museums art-based activities has received growing interest from researchers and policy-makers due to their potentially positive effects on mental and physical health. .
Mastandrea S., Maricchiolo F., Carrus G., Giovannelli I., Giuliani V., Berardi D.	Visits to figurative art museums may lower blood pressure and stress	This sort of behavioral treatment could be indicated for people who suffer from hypertension or other health problems, gaining direct beneficial effects in terms of relaxation and stress recovering..
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	The functionality ascribed to arts in mental health is illustrated by using art to make sense of the day and creating meaning in life as a tool for inspiration and motivation, and feeling good and relaxed, as described in the comments by the service users. .
Mastandrea S., Fagioli S., Biasi V.	Art and psychological well-being: Linking the brain to the aesthetic emotion	In this review, we consider the idea that the positive emotional output elicited from the aesthetic experience affects mood, and indirectly promotes health and well-being. .
Mastandrea S., Fagioli S., Biasi V.	Art and psychological well-being: Linking the brain to the aesthetic emotion	CONCLUSION Aesthetic experience, in many settings, may promote well-being. .
Mastandrea S., Fagioli S., Biasi V.	Art and psychological well-being: Linking the brain to the aesthetic emotion	The self-rewarding nature of aesthetic experience may influence the beholders affective state, possibly improving wellbeing. .
Ketch R.A., Rubin R.T., Baker M.R., Sones A.C., Ames D.	Art appreciation for veterans with severe mental illness in a VA Psychosocial Rehabilitation and Recovery Center	Considerable research has shown the positive effects of art, music and drama therapy on mental health and well-being. .
Ander E.E., Thomson L.J.M., Blair K., Noble G., Menon U., Lanceley A., Chatterjee H.J.	Using museum objects to improve wellbeing in mental health service users and neurological rehabilitation clients	Sessions visibly calmed anxiety and, in some cases, increased levels of enjoyment in depressed patients. .
Camic P.M., Baker E.L., Tischler V.	Theorizing how art gallery interventions impact people with dementia and their caregivers	Psychologically informed arts and health programs may be particularly beneficial ways of improving the lives of people with dementia and their caregivers. .
Han X.	Neurofeedback mechanism of music features on mental health development of adolescents	From an emotional and mental health perspective, this result suggests that soothing music can make teens less emotionally volatile and better mentally healthy. .
Waddington-Jones C., King A., Burnard P.	Exploring wellbeing and creativity through collaborative composition as part of hull 2017 city of culture	Several studies have highlighted the positive effects of group music-making and have suggested that it may be the creative and social aspects of such activities, which have a positive effect on participants' wellbeing. .
Waddington-Jones C., King A., Burnard P.	Exploring wellbeing and creativity through collaborative composition as part of hull 2017 city of culture	Several studies have highlighted the positive effects of group music-making and have suggested that it may be the creative and social aspects of such activities, which have a positive effect on participants wellbeing. .
Waddington-Jones C., King A., Burnard P.	Exploring wellbeing and creativity through collaborative composition as part of hull 2017 city of culture	Analysis of the qualitative data revealed benefits for health, emotional, and cognitive dimensions of wellbeing. .
Ray K.D., Götell E.	The use of music and music therapy in ameliorating depression symptoms and improving well-being in nursing home residents with dementia	Background: Studies have shown music therapy can improve depression symptoms in dementia and the use of music activities show promise to have positive impacts on wellbeing. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Previous studies have highlighted positive relationships between music participation, health and well-being in terms of social, emotional, cognitive and physical health, musicianship, spiritual, identity, self-improvement and life satisfaction benefits. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Such motivations can be related to the perceived health and well-being benefits of participating in music making activities. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Their programmes have demonstrated significant psychological and social benefits, but also that crucial bio-markers that underpin not only feelings of well-being and relaxation but also markers of immune system activity, were improved. .
Gillam T.	Enhancing public mental health and wellbeing through creative arts participation	Findings: There is evidence that creative arts activity is beneficial to mental health and wellbeing. .
Gillam T.	Enhancing public mental health and wellbeing through creative arts participation	Creative arts participation can help people with diagnosed mental health difficulties to recover from mental illness. .
Gillam T.	Enhancing public mental health and wellbeing through creative arts participation	Conclusion There is growing evidence that participation in creative arts activities has health and wellbeing benefits for those living with mental health problems and the wider community. .
Forbes M.	“We’re pushing back”: Group singing, social identity, and caring for a spouse with Parkinson’s	Caregivers experienced the group as a means of social support either directly or simply as respite from caring duties, as well as a place where strong bonds were formed. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	Moreover, when people with mental health conditions were engaging in these programmes their mental health and wellbeing significantly improved. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	2. Researching heritage, place and wellbeing As indicated, the health geography literature has explored the beneficial physical and mental health effects of participating in a range of community-based activities. .
Brown J.L., MacDonald R., Mitchell R.	Are People Who Participate in Cultural Activities More Satisfied with Life?	For example, in other studies museums have been suggested to have a restorative effect and promote relaxation (Packer 2008), reduce anxiety (Binnie 2010), increase attention focus, promote a sense of community (Thompson et al. 2011) and to be associated with increased happiness and self-reported health (Fujiwara 2013; Leadbetter and OConnor 2013). .
Brown J.L., MacDonald R., Mitchell R.	Are People Who Participate in Cultural Activities More Satisfied with Life?	Policy makers and institutions in charge of providing heritage recreation should consider subjective wellbeing measures, such as life satisfaction, in the evaluation of their services. .
Newman A., Goulding A., Davenport B., Windle G.	The role of the visual arts in the resilience of people living with dementia in care homes	The arts enrichment activity mainly, although not exclusively, supported personhood and therefore respondents resilience. .
Newman A., Goulding A., Davenport B., Windle G.	The role of the visual arts in the resilience of people living with dementia in care homes	The arts enrichment activities provide a context where respondents, even with severe dementia, collectively supported each others personhood and so resilience. .
Secker J., Heydinrych K., Kent L., Keay J.	Why art? Exploring the contribution to mental well-being of the creative aspects and processes of visual art-making in an arts and mental health course	Implications for research and practice Although small in scale this study contributes to understanding of the ways in which participation in the creative processes of art-making benefits participants mental well-being. .
Secker J., Heydinrych K., Kent L., Keay J.	Why art? Exploring the contribution to mental well-being of the creative aspects and processes of visual art-making in an arts and mental health course	The study may also be useful to other arts projects and practitioners aiming to promote mental well-being for people experiencing or at risk of mental health problems. .
Nielsen S.L., Fich L.B., Roesslerb K.K., Mullins M.F.	How do patients actually experience and use art in hospitals? The significance of interaction: A user-oriented experimental case study	Emotional effects: art upholding security, safety, self and spirit The data shows how art interacts with patients on an emotional level, promoting composure in different ways, such as an expression of unexpected luxury, a definer of space and a generator of memories. .
Nielsen S.L., Fich L.B., Roesslerb K.K., Mullins M.F.	How do patients actually experience and use art in hospitals? The significance of interaction: A user-oriented experimental case study	In this case it is not just the fact that art as material is present, but also the fact that it represents a greater context that leads patients to experience a sense of security. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	For those with health problems, such sustained mental absorption helped to alleviate concerns with pain and discomfort, and provided alternative self-definitions. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	There are multiple forms of wellbeing that might involve music, including physical wellbeing, social wellbeing, emotional wellbeing, and more broadly, psychological wellbeing. .
Garrido, Gemma et al 2016	Music & Wellbeing	Music activity can have effects that improve the psychological health of individuals. .
Kim D.	The effects of a combined physical activity, recreation, and art and craft program on ADL, cognition, and depression in the elderly	The physical and recreational activity used in the present study are activities in which one actively moves ones own body and were considered to have good effects on improving physical strength in the elderly subjects. .
Goto F., Yabe H.	A case of profound sensorineural hearing loss whose speech discrimination was improved by combination of bibliotherapy and auditory training	In addition to this, active training is useful. .
Foley B.C., Vassallo A.J., Reece L.J.	Lights out, lets dance! An investigation into participation in No Lights, No Lycra and its association with health and wellbeing	Background: Organized, leisure time physical activities are an important part of a population approach to increase total physical activity participation. .
Foley B.C., Vassallo A.J., Reece L.J.	Lights out, lets dance! An investigation into participation in No Lights, No Lycra and its association with health and wellbeing	Further investigation into what motivates participation in modified sport and physical activities will provide useful insights towards increasing population physical activity and improving health..
Douka S., Zilidou V.I., Lilou O., Manou V.	Traditional dance improves the physical fitness and well-being of the elderly	Regular physical activity is considered one of the most important factors for lifestyle, for maintaining good health in older ages and increasing life expectancy. .
Douka S., Zilidou V.I., Lilou O., Manou V.	Traditional dance improves the physical fitness and well-being of the elderly	Thus, it is a physical activity more popular and hence readily selectable by the elderly, which can equally have beneficial effects of exercise. .
Douka S., Zilidou V.I., Lilou O., Manou V.	Traditional dance improves the physical fitness and well-being of the elderly	As well, exercise and participation in physical activities are associated with better performance in cognitive functions. .
Lenstra N.	Movement-based programs in U.S. and Canadian public libraries: Evidence of impacts from an exploratory survey	Although more research is needed, the findings from this exploratory study suggest that movement-based programs contribute both to health and wellness as well as to community building. .
Thomson L.J., Morse N., Elsden E., Chatterjee H.J.	Art, nature and mental health: assessing the biopsychosocial effects of a ‘creative green prescription’ museum programme involving horticulture, artmaking and collections	Nature prescriptions can promote physical activity leading to positive health outcomes, while contact with nature can have an additional restorative effect on mental wellbeing. .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	People left their homes and became more active: I think it's walking about, getting there, the journey as a way of keeping healthy, exercising, doing stairs. .
Warran K., Fancourt D., Perkins R.	The experience and perceived impact of group singing for men living with cancer: A phenomenological study	Much, much more ... just the getting up and down is exercise ... .
Hunter R.F., Cleland C., Cleary A., Droomers M., Wheeler B.W., Sinnett D., Nieuwenhuijsen M.J., Braubach M.	Environmental, health, wellbeing, social and equity effects of urban green space interventions: A meta-narrative evidence synthesis	Though health and wellbeing have complex social determinants, a central hypothesis is that benefits to health and wellbeing can be achieved through increasing physical activity and social interaction at the neighbourhood scale and by enhancing people's ability to participate in society. .
Hunter R.F., Cleland C., Cleary A., Droomers M., Wheeler B.W., Sinnett D., Nieuwenhuijsen M.J., Braubach M.	Environmental, health, wellbeing, social and equity effects of urban green space interventions: A meta-narrative evidence synthesis	These findings were particularly evident for health benefits delivered through increasing park use and physical activity behaviour. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Pupils artistic skills, writing and personal development, for example, are enhanced by its many superb activities. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Pupils who are talented in sports or the arts thrive on a curriculum which offers many worthwhile opportunities in these areas. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	All, however, have contributed valuable understanding to the research, adding to the range of cultural activity and of approaches to participation. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	ENHANCING UNDERSTANDING AND CAPACITY FOR COLLECTIVE ACTION Encounters with arts or heritage expose people to ideas and understandings, new or old, about how to interpret the world around them. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	The first, educational and cognitive benefits, denotes that culture can develop learning capacities. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Lastly, producing quality experiences means developing cultural activities which induce creative thinking, social interaction and informal processes of education when exploring the territory values and heritage. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	The empirical observation allowed identifying factors of effectiveness through which cultural programmes can enhance social capacities. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Specifically, on the ECoC programmes, three factors were encountered, the programmes ability to enrich the physical environment (where the renewal and celebration of cultural - physical and immaterial - heritage can forge new behaviours in the public space), to engage the population (where citizens active role can give them opportunities to develop crucial skills for collective action) and to produce quality activities (where creatively exploring territorys symbols can induce informal learning processes). .
Huysmans, F., ; Oomes, M.,	Measuring the public library's societal value: A methodological research program.	More specifically, findings show that on the individual level, the library contributes by providing access to information (stimulating and supporting information discovery; providing access to multilingual services; helping culturally and linguistically diverse communities; mediating between the user and the information available and maintaining local history and culture, and helping individuals to develop their skills (promoting learning in infancy and childhood; supporting young people/students; supporting basic literacy and encouraging reading; providing access to new technology and skills; stimulate thinking). .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	In other words, children of the dominant class grow up being exposed to and developing familiarity with culture and are likely to be able to transfer such inherited cultural capital toward broader social value, such as success and achievement in school. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Studies of cognitive benefits focus on the development of learning skills and academic performance in school-aged youth. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	This diversity in learning styles makes the arts (and arts-related techniques) well suited for teaching traditional academic skills. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Integrating the arts into the teaching of the more traditional academic subjects builds on this insight, as well as on the recognition of different learning styles and forms of intelligence, to enrich students understanding of other subjects. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	They are effective in developing community skills, capabilities and creativity. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	The arts have been said to improve health, mental well-being, cognitive functioning, creative ability and academic performance. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	This was a useful exercise - the participants made a number of suggestions which came to be built into future courses. .
Blessi, G.T., ; Tremblay , D., G.; Sandri, M., ; Pilati, T.,	New trajectories in urban regeneration processes: Cultural capital as source of human and social capital accumulation – Evidence from the case of Tohu in Montreal	The types of learning opportunities that arise from culture-led regeneration processes extend well beyond formal education opportunities (e.g., schooling) to the learning opportunities that emerge from consumption and participation in cultural goods and experiences. .
Gallou, E., ; Fouseki, K.,	Applying Social Impact Assessment (SIA) Principles in Assessing Contribution of Cultural Heritage to Social Sustainability.	In such an approach, knowledge gained from projects, referred to usually as legacy, can be more efficiently incorporated in the institutional capital of heritage organizations and retrofitted into the successive project planning and design processes they undertake. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Learning for human development helps people to evaluate critically and gain greater personal insights and understanding of the world around them. .
Australian Expert Group in Industry Studies , AEGIS,	Social impacts of Participation in the Arts and Cultural Activities	It is certainly possible that studying the arts leads to the development of cognitive skills that in turn lead to heightened achievement in academic areas. .
Australian Expert Group in Industry Studies , AEGIS,	Social impacts of Participation in the Arts and Cultural Activities	It is also possible that studying the arts leads to greater engagement in school, which in turn leads to greater academic achievement. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	In doing so, this new approach to heritage conservation contributes to the physical fabric and character of a surrounding environment. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	A community archives can do so especially by helping people develop and employ skills that enable them to participate in the knowledgebased economy. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Enhancing the ability of archives to support local historical initiatives may prove particularly useful to people involved in education. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Archives could support the teaching of local history and development of students research skills. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Much of the interest in cultural development stems from the recognition that well developed cultural infrastructure is necessary to retain skilled and educated workers. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Audience diversity and building community strength are key objectives, as with programmes using arts as an educational medium to build creativity and support broader learning. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	Their emotional engagement with the exhibits, along with physical and cognitive engagement with various interactive elements will work to aid their learning, building on the knowledge that they already have. .
Badham, M.,	Cultural Indicators: Tools for Community Engagement?	This may stimulate corresponding theoretical and empirical enrichment of the study of culture, and for this studys interest, the engagement of a diversity of cultural value(s). .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	They are key resources for a creative ecosystem as providers of: - Creative people and ideas; - Artistic traditions and know how on which to build distinctiveness; - Creative management capacities and experience; - Conviviality, knowledge, tradition and fun. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Moreover, education and learning play a fundamental role in shaping a creative environment. .
Felton E., Vichie K., Moore E.	Widening participation creatively: creative arts education for social inclusion	One of the key distinctions for the faculty is the unique opportunity afforded by most of its disciplines for embodied and rich learning experiences. .
Trevino Sherk J., Cobreros Rodriguez C.	Rural democratic design: Participatory design and service learning strategies in sustainable development to promote civic mindedness in community development	This living laboratory explores and develops new teaching and learning methods resulting in the students and the communitys enhanced skills. .
Trevino Sherk J., Cobreros Rodriguez C.	Rural democratic design: Participatory design and service learning strategies in sustainable development to promote civic mindedness in community development	These workshops help to address complexities, empower the community, and balance the need to preserve natural and cultural resources. .
Trevino Sherk J., Cobreros Rodriguez C.	Rural democratic design: Participatory design and service learning strategies in sustainable development to promote civic mindedness in community development	The course learning objectives directly related to the design process and its relationship to the principles of critical thinking. .
Widodo J., Wong Y.C., Ismail F.	DIGITAL HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE METHODOLOGY for HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT of SINGAPORE	Through this research, we hope to uncover for better experience of digital heritage architecture where interpretation is an evolving process' that is participatory and contributory that allows public participation, together with effective presentation, cultural learning and embodiment, to enhance the end-users' interpretation of digital heritage architecture. .
Widodo J., Wong Y.C., Ismail F.	DIGITAL HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE METHODOLOGY for HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT of SINGAPORE	The workshop done over the summer vacation helps to increase appreciation of urban development and heritage. .
Widodo J., Wong Y.C., Ismail F.	DIGITAL HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE METHODOLOGY for HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT of SINGAPORE	Moreover, this cognitive state promotes mindful contributions further refining the interpretation of digital heritage as presented on the site and as a result strengthening the constructivist information flow approach. .
Widodo J., Wong Y.C., Ismail F.	DIGITAL HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE METHODOLOGY for HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT of SINGAPORE	The details and the recreation of the heritage architecture will provide them with a good sense of spatial visualisation. .
Widodo J., Wong Y.C., Ismail F.	DIGITAL HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE METHODOLOGY for HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT of SINGAPORE	Thus, they could get involved with the activities and increase the interaction with the heritage architecture to foster a greater learning experience. .
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	These findings contribute to the growing body of evidence demonstrating that participation in lifelong learning is an effective way of enhancing well-being..
la Cour K., Josephsson S., Luborsky M.	Creating connections of life during life-threatening illness: Creative activity experienced by elderly people and occupational therapists	The findings in this study add knowledge for the understanding of components necessary for establishing a space or therapeutic environment in which creative work and acts of defining and reconstructing meaningful connections to cultural traditions and life in the community can take place. .
Prieto-Pinto L., Lara-Díaz M.F., Garzón-Orjuela N., Herrera D., Páez-Canro C., Reyes J.H., González-Gordon L., Jiménez-Murcia V., Eslava-Schmalbach J.	Effectiveness assessment of maternal and neonatal health video clips in knowledge transfer using neuromarketing tools: A randomized crossover trial	It has become vital to design educational strategies that guarantee an effective learning process. .
Galindo-Neto N.M., Alexandre A.C.S., Barros L.M., Sá G.G.M., de Carvalho K.M., Caetano J.Á.	Creation and validation of an educational video for deaf people about cardiopulmonary resuscitation	This reference includes components necessary for the content of an instruction to promote cognitive activation, mental processing, and long-term memory storage. .
Moreira J.A., Rodrigues E.	The potencial of science fiction cinema in a prison context and its impact on the construction of learning communities Potencialidades do Cinema de Ficção Científica em Contexto de Reclusão e o seu Impacto na Construção de Comunidades de Aprendizagem	Education is a universal right and plays a crucial role in human development, helping the individual to build his personality and character. .
Moreira J.A., Rodrigues E.	The potencial of science fiction cinema in a prison context and its impact on the construction of learning communities Potencialidades do Cinema de Ficção Científica em Contexto de Reclusão e o seu Impacto na Construção de Comunidades de Aprendizagem	Among the main advantages of this model are the application of a learning theory that allows for a consistent pedagogical basis, the development of students' cognitive flexibility and the stimulation of the practice of analysis. .
Cerreta M., Daldanise G., Sposito S.	Culture-led regeneration for urban spaces Monitoring complex values networks in action	1. The relationship between these categories of domains, dimensions, and criteria valorizes anthropic and natural resources as a foundation for the participatory and culture-led regeneration of local public spaces and improves an exante evaluation framework for future practices. .
Cerreta M., Daldanise G., Sposito S.	Culture-led regeneration for urban spaces Monitoring complex values networks in action	The key idea involves the development of professionalism in the field of activities related to the management and enhancement of cultural heritage. .
Cerreta M., Daldanise G., Sposito S.	Culture-led regeneration for urban spaces Monitoring complex values networks in action	These professional skills are oriented towards future generations in order to promote knowledge of history and place identity. .
Ozden P.	Culture-led regeneration projects in post-industrial areas: The Istanbul experience	1. The relationship between these categories of domains, dimensions, and criteria valorizes anthropic and natural resources as a foundation for the participatory and culture-led regeneration of local public spaces and improves an exante evaluation framework for future practices. .
Ozden P.	Culture-led regeneration projects in post-industrial areas: The Istanbul experience	The key idea involves the development of professionalism in the field of activities related to the management and enhancement of cultural heritage. .
Ozden P.	Culture-led regeneration projects in post-industrial areas: The Istanbul experience	These professional skills are oriented towards future generations in order to promote knowledge of history and place identity. .
Ketch R.A., Rubin R.T., Baker M.R., Sones A.C., Ames D.	Art appreciation for veterans with severe mental illness in a VA Psychosocial Rehabilitation and Recovery Center	One of the most important aspects of the recovery model is the support of cultural diversity and lifelong learning. .
Whitesell E.R.	A day at the museum: The impact of field trips on middle school science achievement	Support for this strategy is found in research on in- and out-of-school contributions to learning. .
Whitesell E.R.	A day at the museum: The impact of field trips on middle school science achievement	The extensive PD UA teachers undergo with regard to integrating inquiry experiences and planning field trips could increase confidence in their ability to design trips that contribute meaningfully to students education outcomes, including test scores. .
Whitesell E.R.	A day at the museum: The impact of field trips on middle school science achievement	This information will lead to a better understanding of how field trips influence students educational development and achievement. .
Whitesell E.R.	A day at the museum: The impact of field trips on middle school science achievement	On the one hand, this is an ideal setting for studying field trips, as it provides evidence about the potential class field trips have for improving students achievement. .
Bandelli A.	Assessing scientific citizenship through science centre visitor studies	How science centres strengthen scientific competence has been studied in various domains from the perspective of learning, engagement, literacy, etc. .
Rahm J.	Multiple Modes of Meaning-Making in a Science Center	Such studies would also help clarify the methodological challenges inherent in studies of learning trajectories and facilitate an expansion of research methods needed to address the much more complex questions such notions of learning pose. .
Rahm J.	Multiple Modes of Meaning-Making in a Science Center	Through such sustained opportunities of involvement in the museum, they were able to develop not only a deeper understanding of the science embedded in the exhibits, but also came to realize their potential as learners in a general sense. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	Art, identified as super-core creativity, has a special function in the relationship between community and built environment, because it contributes to the construction of a new critical knowledge, able to recreate communities. .
Mahendran R., Rawtaer I., Fam J., Wong J., Kumar A.P., Gandhi M., Jing K.X., Feng L., Kua E.H.	Art therapy and music reminiscence activity in the prevention of cognitive decline: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial	Evidence suggests that training in these areas strengthen attention systems and improve cognition. .
Kesler T., Gibson L., Jr., Turansky C.	Bringing the book to life: Responding to historical fiction using digital storytelling	Overall, the project work was a strong resource for formative assessment, with the possibilities of then teaching into each book clubs learning needs. .
Garcia Yeste C., Gairal Casadó R., Munté Pascual A., Plaja Viñas T.	Dialogic literary gatherings and out-of-home child care: Creation of new meanings through classic literature	DLGs not only enable the creation of a reflective space and personal transformation but also foster the improvement of academic skills. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	It is clear that cultural participation can lead to the development and enhancement of many skills and competences. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	There was a clear awareness of the beneficial effects of giving young people an opportunity to become involved in the heritage research projects. .
Colby S.	Multicultural arts education in the post-secondary context?: Creating installation and performance art in surrey, Canada	The project therefore suggests that multicultural arts education can be a powerful complement to a traditional postsecondary curriculum, one that both enriches standard practice and creates new pathways to learning and understanding..
Hopkins P., Hare J., Donaghey J., Abbott W.	Geo, audio, video, photo: How digital convergence in mobile devices facilitates participatory culture in libraries	Conclusion In the current networked world, there is great potential for libraries to play a vital role in the participatory culture movement by supporting people to gain the skills and technology access necessary for meaningful participation in society at every level, and by harnessing the principles of participatory culture to transform libraries into transparent, engaged, responsive cultural organisations. .
Goddard J.	Valuing the place of young people with learning disabilities in the arts	In addition, carefully structuring working processes so that there is a logical progression to the learning processes of individual participants greatly facilitates the development of the work. .
Secker J., Heydinrych K., Kent L., Keay J.	Why art? Exploring the contribution to mental well-being of the creative aspects and processes of visual art-making in an arts and mental health course	Our study therefore highlights the importance of providing opportunities to experience the benefits of creative activity through courses such as those run by Open Arts. .
Cárdenas R.E., Barriga A.P., Lizama J.I.	Artistic expression as a teaching strategy for the development of affectivity and self-esteem in people with Intellectual Disabilities and Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) La expresión artística como estrategia didáctica para el desarrollo de la afectividad y la autoestima en una persona con Discapacidad Intelectual y Síndrome Alcohólico Fetal (SAF)	5. Artistic Education, Creativity and Disability Artistic Education enriches cultural diversity, affective experiences, creative, imaginative and symbolic faculties of students, allowing them to develop the capacity for reflection, critical thinking and visual sensitivity necessary to appreciate the aesthetic and cultural dimensions of their environment (MINEDUC , 2013). .
Cárdenas R.E., Barriga A.P., Lizama J.I.	Artistic expression as a teaching strategy for the development of affectivity and self-esteem in people with Intellectual Disabilities and Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) La expresión artística como estrategia didáctica para el desarrollo de la afectividad y la autoestima en una persona con Discapacidad Intelectual y Síndrome Alcohólico Fetal (SAF)	- Points out, furthermore, that there should be a greater empowerment of the educational establishment in repeating these artistic experiences and permanently offering instances of interdisciplinary work for the implementation of an educational project based on training tools through the Visual Arts and in attention to the Intellectual disability. .
Ander, E.; Thomson, L.; Lanceley, A.; Menon, U.; Noble, G.	Heritage, Health and Wellbeing: Assessing the impact of a heritage focused intervention on health and wellbeing.	In conclusion, closer links between heritage and social care organizations, such as hospitals or care homes, offers significant mutualistic benefits and should not be underestimated..
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	On a personal level these touch peoples confidence, creative and transferable skills and human growth, as well as their social lives through friendships, involvement in the community and enjoyment. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Arts projects can strengthen peoples commitment to places and their engagement in tackling problems, especially in the context of urban regeneration. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	Heritage activities thus increase a net willingness to cooperate through the creation of stronger group identities and confidence. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	The arts have a particular role to play in: encouraging people into training and employment; supporting volunteers and participants in personal development; improving the image of an area; social cohesion and active citizenship; local people recognizing their own cultural identity; and improving the quality of peoples lives through individual and collective creativity. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	The community social value is an area of collective impact raised by cultural activities that concern the promotion of social contact, interaction and social inclusion, enhancement of the sense of community identity, development of the ability to cooperate on a social issue, to civic engage and to build social capital. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Summing up, engagement in artistic practices provides opportunities not only for exploring community values, which helps to reinforce the community value systems and the sense of place, but also for meeting other groups and their value systems, which encourages cohesion and the development of partnerships. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	It is this form of social capital that is theorized to be particularly valuable to communities because it not only connects individuals but also leads them to work together for their community (Polson et al. 2013:761). .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	For example, volunteering in a project or supporting a cultural venue means coming together regularly with others and working for the same institutional objectives, which can increase trust, promote tolerance for cultural diversity and generate networks. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Thus social interaction and opportunities for celebrating (expressing) territorys heritage, while engaging in attractive and informal learning experiences, are drivers brought by these programmes, which induce more community oriented common grounds and value systems. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Also the cultural professionals would profit from the connections established with the local population while performing close to the community in public spaces, by continuing to implement active connections with the public, which boosts community building, as explained earlier. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Indeed, as discussed in the chain of community-level social impacts, culture and the arts are capable of connecting people in way that can build the social capital necessary to forge a sense of community and induce civic involvement. .
Montalto, V., ; Campagna, D., ; Caperna, G.,	Does Culture Make a Better Citizen? Exploring the Relationship Between Cultural and Civic Participation in Italy	It is particularly worth noticing that at higher levels of civic participation, cultural participation has a positive and strong effect on civic engagement of people having a low educational level..
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	Bonding social capital was positively associated with overall life satisfaction. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	In addition, popular culture participation via online platforms had a positive effect on perceived social support. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	Opportunities for attending cultural events can provide college students with a way to connect with others, which may in turn have a positive contribution to perceived well-being. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	Yet, the underlying mechanisms that link cultural participation and communicative involvement in ones social networks with positive outcomes may be valid in general adult population. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Measuring changes in subjective well‑being from engagement in the arts, culture and sport	The ANCOVA and change score analysis finds positive changes in (1) life satisfaction from increased engagement in arts events, historical sites and museums, (2) leisure satisfaction from arts activities and events, (3) health satisfaction from arts events and historical sites, and (4) benefits to well-being measures from increased participation in sport, especially that which involves more active engagement. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	We contend not only that these intrinsic effects are satisfying in themselves, but that many of them can lead to the development of individual capacities and community cohesiveness that are of benefit to the public sphere. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	We even suggest that these effects are instrumental in that they can open people to life and create the fabric of shared values and meanings that improves the public sphere. .
Delanaey, L., ; Keaney, E.,	Cultural Participation, Social Capital and Civil Renewal in the United Kingdom: Statistical Evidence from National and International Survey Data.	This suggests that there is a prima facia case that the cultural sector has an important role to play in improving the relationship between citizens and the state as well as in building stronger communities, with greater levels of social trust and more involved citizens. .
Hill Strategies , R.,	Social Effects of the Arts: Exploratory Statistical Evidence.	Donations to cultural organizations can enhance opportunities for social interaction. .
Jeannotte, M., S.	Singing alone? The contribution of cultural capital to social cohesion and sustainable communities	First, arts participation was found to have a positive effect on social cohesion by bringing people together (particularly young and old), encouraging partnerships, promoting intercultural understanding, reducing fear of crime and promoting neighborhood security. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	It was based on a residency program aimed to support the artists and their producers, while nourishing their artistic processes thanks to the interaction with local communities. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	All in all, I am very grateful for the opportunity to participate in such programs which bring social benefit, develop the audiences taste and understanding of the content. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	In this way, each partner can contribute to the creation of the event, that also becomes an opportunity to strengthen the relations inside the network. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	That some members of the community can help their favourite place or event by offering this service is not only civic engagement, but also a way to feel part of the project. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The participants find that working together across such a broad age group is in itself supportive. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	In this case, desirable results would be ideally building stronger and more meaningful relationships with the community, generating a sense of belonging with the artistic environment and promoting awareness, responsibility and active citizenship. .
Richards, G., ; Wilson , J.,	Social Capital, Cultural Festivals and Tourism in Catalunya	One of the most important indicators of the resilience of local communities is the level of social capital present in the host population, which is important in creating social cohesion and in ensuring a more even distribution of the benefits of tourism. .
Richards, G., ; Wilson , J.,	Social Capital, Cultural Festivals and Tourism in Catalunya	The research suggests that developing social capital may be one means of developing a more positive relationship between tourism and culture. .
Richards, G., ; Wilson , J.,	Social Capital, Cultural Festivals and Tourism in Catalunya	Conclusion The basic conclusion of the research presented here is that social capital has an important role to play in making local cultural practices resilient to the impact of tourism, and also in creating positive relationships between locals and visitors. .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	Higher cognitive well-being and more positive affects reinforce residents' support for tourism. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	On the other hand, it is attractive to many precisely because it is inclusive and potentially engages a more diverse and powerful set of stakeholders in making sure a community has what it needs to be culturally vital. .
Beeksma, A., ; Chiara , D., C.	Participatory heritage in a gentrifying neighbourhood: Amsterdam’s Van Eesteren Museum as affective space of negotiations	For all of them though, volunteering for the museum is a profoundly meaningful experience that gives people a sense of empowerment by enabling them to contribute to their living environment and their own self-improvement. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	This biodiversity should engage different people in cultural consumption and participation and, in a best-case scenario, develop new interactions and connections, potentially having a positive impact on the venues reputation, through quality work and positive audience experience. .
Blessi, G.T., ; Tremblay , D., G.; Sandri, M., ; Pilati, T.,	New trajectories in urban regeneration processes: Cultural capital as source of human and social capital accumulation – Evidence from the case of Tohu in Montreal	Our results highlight the fact that the strong focus on an organizations bond with the local population can have positive effects on its integration in the community and on its role as a leverage for local socio-economic development. .
Gainza, X.,	Culture‑led neighbourhood transformations beyond the revitalisation/gentrification dichotomy.	Lastly, the agglomeration of cultural assets may have positive impacts on the social capital by spurring civic engagement and community building processes (Stern and Seifert, 2010). .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Participants believe that the project was particularly valuable in generating a climate for mutual co-operation between the local government council and the residents. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	The participants believe the experience of coming together to contribute to creating a community facility, brought residents out to meet each other and provided them with something in common to focus on. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Many community-based arts projects generate high levels of participation in artistic workshops and performance, or as audiences, volunteers and local sponsors, positively affecting participants and the wider community in favour of the arts. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	The collaborative production of art is central to expressing community culture, developing human and social capital, building and re-building communities, and transforming minds, organisations and society. .
Thomson, L. J.; Lockyer, B.; Camic, P. M.; Chatterjee, H. J.	Effects of a museum-based social prescription intervention on quantitative measures of psychological wellbeing in older adults	The reported study contributes to a wider body of evidence on how cultural engagement can bring about positive outcomes for older adults at risk of social exclusion by improving positive emotion; it is likely that this occurs through creative processes involving new learning and acquisition of skills, and the formation of social capital through co-productivity, exchange of ideas, and enhanced sense of community and belonging. .
Morse, N.; Thomson, L.J.M.; Brown, Z.; Chatterjee, H.J.	Effects of creative museum outreach sessions on measures of confidence, sociability and well-being for mental health and addiction recovery service-users	The assetbased model focuses on connecting communities and people as a way to bolster community and individual health and well-being. .
Hacking, S.; Secker, J.; Spandler, H.; Kent, L.; Shenton, J.	Evaluating the impact of participatory art projects for people with mental health needs.	There is a conviction in practice and policy that participation in community art projects will help people with mental health problems gain wider social networks, understand and deal with their mental health issues better and gain confidence and self-esteem. .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	In addition, informants felt that arts and cultural activities could improve communication between staff and patients by building and strengthening relationships. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	In addition, the revitalized heritage buildings can help people continue their daily social lives. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	In contrast, mutual trust between community members could be developed through a heritage conservation regime. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	In addition, better accessibility to heritage buildings could elicit better public participation. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Subjective well-being and engagement in arts, culture and sport.	These include learning benefits generated through engagement in the arts, increased community cohesion and potential health benefits (i.e. application of the arts in the treatment of depression, and mental/physical benefits of sport and recreational fitness). .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	The pursuit of successful community economic development and archival public programming initiatives both rely upon community engagement. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	City involvement in recreation, leisure and arts could be used to strengthen existing partnerships between community groups. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Particularly in small communities with limited resources it is useful for community organizations to work together on development projects because each organization participating in the initiative can contribute resources and knowledge14 Archives and archivists can potentially contribute to multi-organizational development projects by using their holdings and knowledge to support community initiatives in a variety of areas, such as culture, education, history, and social justice. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	One of the greatest benefits of a community archival institution is that it can support archival and records management initiatives within a community for the benefit of local people and organizations. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Cultures role in strengthening links between people and increasing social capital is what matters in such communities rather than direct economic impact. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Cultural districts thus have a positive role in supporting communities and several make building social capital a priority focus. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	However, given their potential for generating social benefits beyond purely commercial success as well as their strategic importance to the health of a city and regions creative economy, nurturing neighborhood cultural clusters is a strategy that deserves the attention of government, philanthropy, and the private sector..
Walmsley, B.,	Deep hanging out in the arts: an anthropological approach to capturing cultural value	In our fieldwork, arts venues and organisations emerged as nodes in a cultural hub, which at their best can bring people together and allow them to practise their individual and collective wellbeing. .
Badham, M.,	Cultural Indicators: Tools for Community Engagement?	Community Indicators: Measuring Wellbeing While frameworks of indicators are useful tools to promote government responsiveness, perhaps biggest potential for progress is through community engagement. .
Kubey, K.,	Design for Impact: Measuring Architecture's Social Value in the United States.	Describing the ways that excellence appears in the public spaces built through the programme, she says the spaces welcome and engage local history and culture, create a sense of community stewardship, provide vital resources, convey character and identity, lift the spirit and foster pride, support diverse activities, provide opportunities for social exchange, encourage access, activity and movement, and support a sustainable, resilient, and healthy City for all. .
Jancovich, L., ; Bianchini, F.,	Problematising participation	The partnership nature of the projects also provides an opportunity for the cultural sector to not only improve access to the arts in areas characterised by high levels of social, economic and cultural exclusion, but also to contribute to broader policy agendas, in relation to increasing civic engagement, social diversity and improving health and well-being. .
Horgan D., Dimitrijević B.	Frameworks for citizens participation in planning: From conversational to smart tools	As a way to build common bonds and understanding between citizens and groups, health and well-being are a powerful proxy. .
Kochergina E.	Urban Planning Aspects of Museum Quarters as an Architectural Medium for Creative Cities	One of the most intensively growing field-creative industry-provided cities with numerous cultural clusters, which boosted urban economic development and social cohesion. .
Kosk K.	Social Participation in Residential Architecture as an Instrument for Transforming Both the Architecture and the People Who Participate in It	The author hypothesizes that social participation in the design of residential architecture has a positive impact both on the architecture and on the relations between people who are involved in the creation of such an architecture. .
Villanueva C.M.S.	Transformations of Urban Space in Community and Pedestrian Wellbeing	The ultimate goal of a resilient society is the wellbeing of its community. .
Venerandi A., Quattrone G., Capra L.	City form and well-being: What makes London neighborhoods good places to live?	A dense urban environment can also enhance social interactions which might foster sense of belonging and perceived safety thus positively affecting the psychological well-being of a person. .
Cantillon Z., Baker S.	DIY Heritage Institutions as Third Places: Caring, Community and Wellbeing Among Volunteers at the Australian Jazz Museum	As such, on an individual level, engagement with third places can have positive effects on wellbeing by providing support networks and raising the spirits of participants, warding off stress, loneliness, and isolation (Oldenburg, 1999; Rosenbaum, 2006). .
Cantillon Z., Baker S.	DIY Heritage Institutions as Third Places: Caring, Community and Wellbeing Among Volunteers at the Australian Jazz Museum	What keeps volunteers coming to the museum regularly, then, is not only the important heritage work that they do, but the convivial, warm atmosphere of the place. .
Cantillon Z., Baker S.	DIY Heritage Institutions as Third Places: Caring, Community and Wellbeing Among Volunteers at the Australian Jazz Museum	By creating opportunities for volunteers and visitors to chat, laugh, and help each other out, DIY heritage institutions can serve vital roles in the lives of individual volunteers and in the broader community. .
Cantillon Z., Baker S.	DIY Heritage Institutions as Third Places: Caring, Community and Wellbeing Among Volunteers at the Australian Jazz Museum	In these institutions, the benefits of serious leisure extend far beyond cultural and heritage dimensions, working to enhance the overall wellbeing of those who engage with them..
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	Results: The classes enhanced well-being by improving mood and providing a sense of belonging. .
la Cour K., Josephsson S., Luborsky M.	Creating connections of life during life-threatening illness: Creative activity experienced by elderly people and occupational therapists	This combination highlights not only the collaborative foundation for establishing a generous environment, but also the dynamics between participants necessary for the creation of connections to everyday life. .
Hsu K.-W., Lin M.-L., Chao J.-C., Huang S.-F.	Constructing an evaluation framework for eco-museum operations-management performance, based on the case of Jhushan, Taiwan	The creation and operation of eco-museums must also be based on community empowerment, as when residents conserve and promote their culture together, this indirect promotion and reinforcement of localities positive images can enhance such museums overall development and operation. .
Caswell M., Migoni A.A., Geraci N., Cifor M.	‘To Be Able to Imagine Otherwise’: community archives and the importance of representation	As this quote illustrates, our respondents thought community archives promote a sense of social cohesion among community members that benefits society as a whole. .
Martins J.C.	Tangible cultural heritage re-appropriation towards a new urban centrality. A critical crossroad in semi-peripheral eastern riverside lisbon	Public-owned libraries are having a positive effect on socially impoverished communities, promoting knowledge and creativity, new social and cultural gathering areas for the community, raising an awareness of local problems and solutions. .
Liu Y.-D.	Event and sustainable culture-led regeneration: Lessons from the 2008 European Capital of Culture, Liverpool	In general, hosting the ECOC events gives a city an opportunity for social, cultural and economic regeneration, and has a generally positive impact on the city as a whole 16 . .
Liu Y.-D.	Event and sustainable culture-led regeneration: Lessons from the 2008 European Capital of Culture, Liverpool	In addition to providing impetus for physical regeneration and economic development, culture was seen as an effective way to engage people in the urban renewal process. .
Liu Y.-D.	Event and sustainable culture-led regeneration: Lessons from the 2008 European Capital of Culture, Liverpool	In addition, the ECOC status helped to promote greater cooperation and stronger partnerships among organisations, thereby stimulating more effective multi-agency approach in the long run. .
Cerreta M., Daldanise G., Sposito S.	Culture-led regeneration for urban spaces Monitoring complex values networks in action	The direct participation in the process and the active involvement of the users allow producing new interests and stimulating new energies: new bonds are formed between the different decision-making actors, who recognize in collaboration and cooperation the concrete opportunity to improve their own wellbeing and that of community. .
Shaw K.	Y21: Culture-led regeneration in twenty-first century UK city regions	These policies and resultant projects sought to humanise the architectural landscape of communities, making people feel invested in and connected to the buildings around them. .
Carnegie A., Norris M.	Strengthening communities, building capacity, combating stigma: exploring the potential of culture-led social housing regeneration	Rather its benefits were primarily social it helped to combat stigmatisation, build local capacity and improve community cohesion. .
Comunian R., Mould O.	The weakest link: Creative industries, flagship cultural projects and regeneration	Usually the positive outcomes of cultural regeneration are highlighted in reference to community cohesion and social improvements, but very often the economic impact is also promoted. .
Ozden P.	Culture-led regeneration projects in post-industrial areas: The Istanbul experience	The direct participation in the process and the active involvement of the users allow producing new interests and stimulating new energies: new bonds are formed between the different decision-making actors, who recognize in collaboration and cooperation the concrete opportunity to improve their own wellbeing and that of community. .
Ritchie A., Gaulter A.	Dancing towards belonging: the use of a dance intervention to influence migrant pupils’ sense of belonging in school	Part of the enjoyment of the dance sessions arose from the meaningful and positive connections that were facilitated. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	Therefore, active engagement in socio-cultural performing arts practices, such as music and dance, have the potential to enhance, improve, and maintain wellbeing, with likely impact on the quality of health experienced by individuals and social groups. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	It seems to provide a safe context for social engagement and building communities, which crucially enables participants to construct and maintain their own wellbeing and health in a range of ways: cognitive function, physical health, stress reduction, self-perception and mental health. .
Núñez S.	Medicinal drumming: An ancient and modern day healing approach	In general, this model serves to reduce stress and create a sense of community between participants. .
Lenstra N.	Movement-based programs in U.S. and Canadian public libraries: Evidence of impacts from an exploratory survey	Results show that these programs tend to bring new users into libraries, contribute to community building as well as to health and wellness. .
Higgs G., Jones S., Langford M., Heley J.	Assessing the impacts of changing public service provision on geographical accessibility: An examination of public library provision in Pembrokeshire, South Wales	Public libraries make an important contribution to the wellbeing of local people often acting as community hubs by reducing the isolation felt by vulnerable members of society through promoting social interaction and supporting the wider needs of local communities. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	Such engagement can increase the self-confidence and morale of older people and provide opportunities for increased social connections, leading to higher levels of social cohesion. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	There are also social gains from creativity programmes linked to solidarity, social connectedness and social capital. .
Thomson L.J., Morse N., Elsden E., Chatterjee H.J.	Art, nature and mental health: assessing the biopsychosocial effects of a ‘creative green prescription’ museum programme involving horticulture, artmaking and collections	Self-esteem was derived through social interactions around group activities outdoors where participants would help and support one another in activities (e.g. helping someone to dig), as well as supporting each other through informal, social discussion around the activities, both giving participants a sense of purpose. .
Thomson L.J., Morse N., Elsden E., Chatterjee H.J.	Art, nature and mental health: assessing the biopsychosocial effects of a ‘creative green prescription’ museum programme involving horticulture, artmaking and collections	Each of these interacted to form the collective experience of the intervention; the sense of community supported a decrease in social isolation while self-esteem was boosted through social interaction. .
Tymoszuk U., Perkins R., Fancourt D., Williamon A.	Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between receptive arts engagement and loneliness among older adults	These venues provide social spaces and opportunities to engage with the arts and leisure activities, and could be utilised as assets to help reduce loneliness within communities. .
Koebner I.J., Fishman S.M., Paterniti D., Sommer D., Witt C.M., Ward D., Joseph J.G.	The art of analgesia: A pilot study of art museum tours to decrease pain and social disconnection among individuals with chronic pain	Among interviewees who indicated a beneficial response to the intervention, several noted that it also raised awareness that social connection could mitigate the burden of their chronic pain in the longer term. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	Communities and institutions can be a support in this process by establishing social networks and different sorts of social support that can encourage people through difficult transitions and periods of vulnerability in life. .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	These components operated within a context that was enriched by the museum as a place to support wellbeing and enhance social interaction. .
Roe B., McCormick S., Lucas T., Gallagher W., Winn A., Elkin S.	Coffee, Cake & Culture: Evaluation of an art for health programme for older people in the community	The findings demonstrate there were benefits to the older people and their care staff in terms of wellbeing, social engagement, learning, social inclusion and creativity. .
Roe B., McCormick S., Lucas T., Gallagher W., Winn A., Elkin S.	Coffee, Cake & Culture: Evaluation of an art for health programme for older people in the community	The overall aim or goal of the programme was to promote wellbeing for older people living in residential care in the community through cultural and creative arts activities by engaging with gallery/museum exhibitions and collections. .
Paddon H.L., Thomson L.J.M., Menon U., Lanceley A.E., Chatterjee H.J.	Mixed methods evaluation of well-being benefits derived from a heritage-in-health intervention with hospital patients	Conclusions: Heritage-in-health sessions enhanced positive mood and social interaction, endorsing the need for provision of well-being-related museum and gallery activities for socially excluded or vulnerable healthcare audiences. .
Ander E.E., Thomson L.J.M., Blair K., Noble G., Menon U., Lanceley A., Chatterjee H.J.	Using museum objects to improve wellbeing in mental health service users and neurological rehabilitation clients	Many wellbeing outcomes derived from increased levels of conversation, and from improved social skills developed through discussion about museum objects. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	In literature, social impacts of heritage on community relate to three areas of impact: greater interaction between people, that hence the strengthening of social capital; a deeper sense of collective identity, linked to sense of place; enhanced levels of awareness and understanding between particular groups, with a positive effect on community cohesion (HLF 2015). .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	From the regeneration of relations between community and built environment it is possible to activate new virtuous development processes, linked to symbiosis between people/place and synergies between people. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	While they feed material culture, enhancing planning and designing capacity of local community and putting in relation old place and new technologies, they contribute to regenerating social capital, nurturing both bonding and social capital and building bracing capital. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	As it contributes to rediscovering the sense of belonging and in turn to re-activating the bond between people and place, this kind of tourism is able to produce circular relationships with local community. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	This scenario does not contrast with tourism, but rather it contributes to develop integrated economic activity and to improve the relationships of tourists and local people. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	Through engagement in shared experiences leading to increased communication and interaction, participatory arts facilitated social connectedness between residents, and changed the relationship dynamics between older people and care staff, thus promoting reciprocity. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	Arts also facilitated interactions and enhanced social capital, helping to strengthen existing relationships and build new ones. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	Our findings show that participatory arts promoted social connectedness through facilitating collective enjoyment, supporting and encouraging others, developing a sense of camaraderie and community and strengthening friendships. .
Waddington-Jones C., King A., Burnard P.	Exploring wellbeing and creativity through collaborative composition as part of hull 2017 city of culture	For older adults, collaborative composition has much to offer as an activity encouraging social interaction with others with shared interests, increasing positive affect, and enhancing self-esteem. .
Waddington-Jones C., King A., Burnard P.	Exploring wellbeing and creativity through collaborative composition as part of hull 2017 city of culture	For older adults, collaborative composition has much to offer as an activity encouraging social interaction with others with shared interests, increasing positive affect, and enhancing self-esteem. .
Curtis A., Gibson L., O’Brien M., Roe B.	Systematic review of the impact of arts for health activities on health, wellbeing and quality of life of older people living in care homes	Research suggests residents can maintain quality of life, health and wellbeing by participation in arts-based activities. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Researchers found that health and longevity are substantially better among people who have more friends and are more involved in social and community life. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	At a broader level, strong social relationships and a sense of connectedness and participation in communities have been shown to have a profound impact on health, and consistent evidence indicates that a sense of connectedness is protective of mental and emotional well-being. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The notion of connectedness between human beings, their physical and social environment, and their health, has emerged as an important feature of health promotion and the building and strengthening of human capital, social capital, and, to a lesser extent, cultural capital. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	It was also possible that the group sessions would provide support and an element of fun and thereby improve quality of life. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	This broader research project has a strong health dimension, given that participation in the arts and cultural sector has been shown to not only result in economic benefits for regions but also assist in building resilient communities and improving physical, mental and social wellbeing (Allain 2011). .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The importance of such considerations, and the fostering of such bonds within a community, has been shown to contribute to the health of Indigenous and non-Indigenous people (AFN 2013). .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Furthermore, the strengthening of cross-cultural relations may increase social participation and integration within the community, which can have a positive impact on community health and well-being outcomes (Schulz and Northridge 2004). .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The findings highlight how arts-based activities can be a catalyst for positive cross-cultural relationships between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people residing in remote regions within Australia, and this may lay the foundation for positive community health and well-being outcomes. .
Gillam T.	Enhancing public mental health and wellbeing through creative arts participation	Since these activities enhance connectedness and improve hope they also support recovery. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	Getting involved in organising provided the benefit of self-efficacy and positive feelings about helping others. .
Pearce E., Launay J., Machin A., Dunbar R.I.M.	Is Group Singing Special? Health, Well-Being and Social Bonds in Community-Based Adult Education Classes	In turn, this implies that some of the health well-being benefits of community adult education classes in general may lie in the opportunities they provide for social engagement with a wider social network. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	The paper demonstrates how the contribution of community archaeology in soft power change has assisted personal and community empowerment through inclusive cultural heritage on an individual level while strengthening social networks to mobilise the impact on the community as a whole. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	When communities are engaged with cultural activity, or, in this case, a heritage formation process through an archaeological project, this can help to increase communication and social skills. .
Guachalla A.	Social inclusion and audience development at the Royal Opera House: a tourist perspective	(2010) notions on social inclusion in a tourism context have been identified as tourists benefit from audience development schemes that enhance their cultural capital strengthening their social bonds and fostering social capital. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	For example, they can create mutually supportive atmospheres that can tackle social isolation and enhance people's quality of life and social wellbeing. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	Bringing people together Secondly, we were interested in the extent to which the social aspects of community-based heritage research were important in sustaining people's interest in the projects. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	The findings revealed a rich array of examples of gaining social wellbeing through interacting with others with shared interests. .
Bernard M., Rickett M., Pruchno R.	The cultural value of older peoples experiences of theater-making: A review	Their value and benefits lie in increased trust, improved communication and understanding, and the production of a sense of togetherness among participants which, in turn, helps to combat social exclusion. .
Hambright-Belue S., Holland M.J.	Social impact through design: Experiments in urban agriculture	The intention was also to allow everyone to grow through shared activities while also enhancing a social bond across all three communities, and encouraging overall healthier and more active lifestyles. .
Hambright-Belue S., Holland M.J.	Social impact through design: Experiments in urban agriculture	This also benefited the non-profit as it built a degree of trust and familiarity and community buy in that is required for a successful endeavor. .
Pavluković V., Stankov U., Arsenović D.	Social impacts of music festivals: A comparative study of sziget (Hungary) and exit (Serbia) Družbeni vplivi glasbenih festivalov: Primerjalna študija festivalov sziget na Madžarskem in exit v Srbiji	The social benefits factor comprised items relating to community image, identity, wellbeing, experiencing new things, opportunities to develop new skills. .
Sextou P., Smith C.	Drama is for Life! Recreational Drama Activities for the Elderly in the UK	It indicates a growing sense of belonging in a safe, non-judgmental, respectful social environment where enjoyable and creative activities happen and people feel strongly as members of a community. .
Maritz G.U., Coetzee M.-H.	Creative synergy: Using community theatre and appreciative inquiry for young peoples critical participation in HIV prevention and education	This is done by highlighting the life-giving forces (the positive contributions, events or structures that are celebrated and contribute to a sense of well-being in the community) of the organisation (the community) that may produce a heightened sense of purpose and ultimately contribute to improved communication and understanding of how change is possible within current community realities. .
Moore R.C., Straus E., Dev S.I., Parish S.M., Sueko S., Eyler L.T.	Development and pilot randomized control trial of a drama program to enhance well-being among older adults	Therefore, studies focused on increasing social connectedness among older adults are likely to have a positive impact on quality of life and well-being. .
Brown J.L., MacDonald R., Mitchell R.	Are People Who Participate in Cultural Activities More Satisfied with Life?	The promotion of heritage recreation and other activities which are active and promote social interaction should be considered in programmes aimed at improving the quality of life..
Newman A., Goulding A., Davenport B., Windle G.	The role of the visual arts in the resilience of people living with dementia in care homes	A more equal relationship between residents and carers was apparent at the celebration event, supporting the personhood and so resilience of participants. .
Wyatt M., Liggett S.	The Potential of Painting: Unlocking Disenfranchised Grief for People Living With Dementia	Our lives are improved by having a network of social connections, for example, art groups, clubs, and associations which are of benefit in times of need (Thompson & Doka, 2017). .
Nielsen S.L., Fich L.B., Roesslerb K.K., Mullins M.F.	How do patients actually experience and use art in hospitals? The significance of interaction: A user-oriented experimental case study	Thus, the artworks in the present case promoted socialisation and atmosphere, engendering a mood of togetherness, ease and relatedness. .
Kabel A., Teti M., Zhang N.	The art of resilience: photo-stories of inspiration and strength among people with HIV/AIDS	Their value and benefits lie in increased trust, improved communication and understanding, and the production of a sense of togetherness among participants which, in turn, helps to combat social exclusion. .
Goulding A.	How can contemporary art contribute toward the development of social and cultural capital for people aged 64 and older	Developing bonding, bridging, and linking social capital and cultural capital through engagement with the arts may have implications for health, particularly among this demographic. .
Sarah Kate Smith,Anthea Innes, Sophie Bushell	Exploring the impact of live music performances on the wellbeing of community dwelling people living with dementia and their care partners	Music based initiatives can enhance the wellbeing of people dementia care partners. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	But they recognised the need for community development and environmental projects, including public art. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	The waymarkers give people information about the local facilities available and encourage people to explore the environment around the trail. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	A mural as catalyst to community empowerment The mural project became a focal point for discussion about local environmental and recreation issues, and eventually a catalyst for community awareness raising. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Ecological consciousness is also linked to environmental consciousness which turns peoples attention to the way they occupy space and shelter, consume food and oxygen, shape the natural environment by their activities & production The social: Awareness at this focus point of consciousness turns peoples attention to the way they are located in and affected by existing social relationships and how they create and engage in new ones. .
Landry, C., ; Bianchini, F.,	The Creative City	Greening the city There are an increasing number of greening initiatives in cities all over the world, concerned with cycling and recycling, pollution control, energy saving, environmental auditing, bringing nature into the city and raising awareness. .
Landry, C., ; Bianchini, F.,	The Creative City	As you walk around there are all kinds of ecological messages about the city and its newly built cycleways -this signals its environmental friendliness. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	The most basic step involved in environmentally friendly growth is making citizens aware of environmental issues and demonstrating how these issues can be addressed by the average citizen. .
Walmsley, B.,	Deep hanging out in the arts: an anthropological approach to capturing cultural value	By taking a more ecological perspective, arts organisations could assist their audiences to navigate their individual and collective arts ecologies more meaningfully. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	In recent years, environmental sustainability has become a matter of interest in cultural policymaking. .
Filippi F.D., Cocina G.G., Martinuzzi C.	Integrating different data sources to address urban security in informal areas. The case study of Kibera, Nairobi	The research suggests some environmental factors that should be taken into consideration, while developing safer public spaces. .
Makhzoumi J., Al-Sabbagh S.	Landscape and urban governance: Participatory planning of the public realm in Saida, Lebanon	The environmental health and ecological integrity of these features was a key to the landscape analysis. .
Widodo J., Wong Y.C., Ismail F.	DIGITAL HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE METHODOLOGY for HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT of SINGAPORE	The implementation of such a model serves to create greater public awareness among the people of some significant heritage architecture around the city and encourage experts to think of efforts to treat the environment which is historically significant to the public. .
Kumari G., Ratnesh M., Eguruze E.S.	Role of CSR in supporting tribal handicrafts of Jharkhand	This movement is targeted to generate environmental consciousness amongst the community within as well as outside. .
Kelemen M., Hamilton L.	Creative processes of impact making: advancing an American Pragmatist Methodology	Participants stated that they had developed a number of take-home ideas such as being more aware of their own impact on the environment and the importance of empathy for people making their own difficult journeys (observation notes). .
Selman P., Carter C., Lawrence A., Morgan C.	Re-connecting with a recovering river through imaginative engagement	One participant made similar observations, saying that he now pays more attention to his surroundings and that he is more interested in rivers and the role they play in society and has become more interested in local environmental issues; another participant reported becoming more aware of opportunities for participation in my local area and joining a local environmental group. .
Phillips R.	Design insights for socially-led interventions	They are a community, developing and applying opensource tools for environmental exploration and investigation: consisting of activists, educators, technologists, and community organizers interested in new ways of promoting action, intervention, and awareness through participatory research (https://publiclab.org/). .
Ibrahim I.	Socio environmental impact in eco-architecture	The interest of this paper is to focus on the social community and its built environment as an important part of creating ecological design, satisfying the community's social culture needs and achieving eco-architecture. .
Lorenz L.	Addressing diversity in science communication through citizen social science	Thus, examining an array of community issues from an environmental justice lens can help connect seemingly disparate issues while building social capital, coalitions, and solidarity. .
Chowdhury A., Maiti S.K., Bhattacharyya S.	How to communicate climate change ‘impact and solutions’ to vulnerable population of Indian Sundarbans? From theory to practice	Thus the participatory style of awareness campaigns is effective in imparting consciousness about negative impacts of climate change. .
Windle G., Joling K.J., Howson-Griffiths T., Woods B., Jones C.H., Van De Ven P.M., Newman A., Parkinson C.	The impact of a visual arts program on quality of life, communication, and well-being of people living with dementia: A mixed-methods longitudinal investigation	The environment is an important contextual consideration. .
Dunphy, K.; Baker, F. A.; Dumaresq, E.; Carroll-Haskins, K.; Eickholt, J.; Ercole, M.; Kaimal, G.; Meyer, K.; Sajnani, N.; Shamir, O.Y.; Wosch, T.	Creative Arts Interventions to Address Depression in Older Adults: A Systematic Review of Outcomes, Processes, and Mechanisms	Art The choice of art media that is culturally relevant to the participant was repeatedly found to be a key factor of engagement. .
Kaimal, G.; Gonzaga, A., M.; Schwachter, V.	Crafting, health and wellbeing: findings from the survey of public participation in the arts and considerations for art therapists.	Some forms of crafts might serve to connect the individual to the world in a productive and creative way and thus need to be considered as a form of creative self-expression. .
Kaimal, G.; Gonzaga, A., M.; Schwachter, V.	Crafting, health and wellbeing: findings from the survey of public participation in the arts and considerations for art therapists.	As the initial research cited earlier in this report has indicated, there are many positive outcomes that align with art therapy goals including sensory engagement, socialization and opportunities for creative expression. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Knowing the spectrum of participatory art, I know too that at its best it can be empowering and transformative. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	the new artistic ideas empowered artists imaginatively, and changed their relationship with audiences. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	so can the artistic and cultural activity that is central to social discourse. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	one answer is in the recognition that participatory art can be an empowering process. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Many artists believe that people gain confidence through participating in creative activity. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	experiences such as these represent some of the more valuable participatory art work now being made. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	each generation takes ideas and inspiration from its predecessors but each must also create art in ways and for reasons that are meaningful in its own time. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	the ideas and methods of participatory art enable people to share the process of creation in ways they find meaningful. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Personal development Participation in the arts can have a significant impact on peoples self-confidence, and as a result on their social lives. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	In others, the arts work has provided groups with an opportunity to think about their rights and social responsibilities. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Arts projects can nurture local democracy. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Imagination and vision Participating in the arts made a big difference in developing peoples creativity and confidence about the arts. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Building a creative environment The study sees the creativity, openness and elasticity of the arts as the roots of their social impacts. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	This study is intended to make a contribution to that aim by beginning to explore some of the social impacts which result from participation in the arts. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Cultural diversity, of course, exists almost everywhere, and the arts play their part in developing understanding of different cultural groups in the Highlands and Islands. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	It was possible therefore, to look specifically at the contribution of participatory arts programmes to the regeneration process, at least in these areas. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	The pattern of existing and imported heritage is therefore especially complex, and the arts have been a significant force in helping to develop a sense of community. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Others, touching on empowerment and creativity, suggest that social goals might usefully be enlarged by the arts. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Active, engaged citizens What matters so much about participation in the arts is not just that it gives people the personal and practical skills to help themselves and become involved in society though it does but that it opens routes into the wider democratic process and encourages people to want to take part. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Art as activity, process and object, is central to how people experience, understand and then shape the world: Culture is where we live our shared mental lives. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	This report has sought to show that the arts can and do make a valuable contribution to social policy objectives. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	Both an encounter with the arts and a heritage experience are quintessentially social events. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	As such, it too is fostered indirectly by individual encounters with arts and heritage. .
Grossi, E., ; Sacco, P.L., ; Blessi, G.T., ; Cerutti, R.,	The Impact of Culture on the Individual Subjective Well-Being of the Italian Population: An Exploratory Study	We refer to culture as the acquisition of purposefully constructed traits that have to do with intrinsic cultural motivations, that is to say, capabilities and competences that are targeted at a better access and enjoyment of cultural experiences, that is to say, experiences that are explicitly and uniquely designed by someone to expose other individuals to particular statements and trajectories of meaning. .
Grossi, E., ; Sacco, P.L., ; Blessi, G.T., ; Cerutti, R.,	The Impact of Culture on the Individual Subjective Well-Being of the Italian Population: An Exploratory Study	In particular, we believe that acknowledging cultural access as a major determinant of subjective well-being can be conducive to novel, challenging approaches to the design and implementation of public health strategies. .
Grossi, E., ; Sacco, P.L., ; Blessi, G.T., ; Cerutti, R.,	The Impact of Culture on the Individual Subjective Well-Being of the Italian Population: An Exploratory Study	For instance, urban transformation policies should focus upon arts and culture as an engine of individual and social change, that is likely to favor emotionally-based effects such as community engagement and empowerment, whose impact on subjective well-being may be substantial. .
Grossi, E., ; Sacco, P.L., ; Blessi, G.T., ; Buscema, M.,	The Interaction Between Culture, Health and Psychological Well-Being: Data Mining from the Italian Culture and Well-Being Project	In particular, we believe that acknowledging cultural access as a major determinant of subjective well-being can be conducive to novel, challenging approaches to the design and implementation of public health strategies. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	This paper is based on a recent study which shows that the arts have a role in regeneration and at a local level can be used as a tool within a wider community development programme..
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	It also indicates that community arts projects happen in different parts of the world helping people to develop skills and at the same time allowing them to express themselves through participation. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	The subsequent report revealed that arts projects could create a greater understanding of different cultures; more skills in community leadership and management; and a stronger sense of community identity. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	It also encourages partnership between the arts project and the local community who will then have influence on the development of the project. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	Similarly, community involvement is essential in arts-based projects as they tend to focus on the personal development and attitudinal change within communities. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	If we accept that the arts can be an integral part of the regeneration process then they can be an important tool in empowerment. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	Skills are developed, responsibility is taken and through the arts the local culture can be changed. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	Strategic use of the arts within wider regeneration policies It is important that arts projects are an integral part of an overall regeneration policy. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	Active involvement in the development of arts projects can have an effect on all four aspects and can thus assist in the regeneration of an area. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	The arts could have a pivotal role to play in the regenerating of areas of social exclusion. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	Where the arts have a significant role is in changing the culture of an area. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	It is possible that the arts and cultural activity have a role in changing the culture of the area and make it a more creative and vibrant society for young people. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	Conclusions The arts have an important role to play in the regeneration of areas whose residents are disadvantaged economically, socially, culturally, and environmentally. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	The significance and role that the arts can play in regeneration has to be valued by policy makers and practitioners in community development and regeneration. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	The creative energies of local individuals can greatly enhance our culture and encourage more and more people to take an active role in community development. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Therefore, cultural assets, through a system of meanings and symbols, can not only produce and export high value products and experiences, but can also induce a transversal and on-going process of social learning capable of prompting community oriented action and hence be an alternative strategy for the traditional models of growth. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	The anthropological appropriation of culture is connected to the role of culture for sustainable development, where cultural values, contexts and expressions operate as drivers and mediators of growth and where culture is the meaningful content of human societies and communities. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	The emotional interpretation pointed to the ability of arts to amuse, entertain and contribute to happiness. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Yet, the appropriation of culture as a leading player in territory development is determined by the cultural sectors capacity to produce a broad array of extrinsic (instrumental) effects, not only related to economic outcomes but also to other social dimensions raised during the theoretical discussion, such as enjoyment, personal development, civilizing processes and the establishment of community references. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Therefore interest in exploring the social impacts produced by cultural activities was raised. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	E. Cultural inputs and artistic forms that drive the potential effects If attending cultural events and taking part of arts activities can produce benefits It has been shown that attending cultural events and taking part in arts activities can produce benefits on different social dimensions. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	These different forms of interacting with culture and with a specific art form will give rise to different effects. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	The potential human responses that can be triggered with the engagement in a cultural experience are activated and influenced not only by the aesthetic elements transmitted and perceived via the art form (the artistic, visual and symbolic elements), but also by the influences of previous experiences (constitutive of patterns of reaction) and by the particularities of the contexts of engagement (the frame and setting of the experience). .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	A few of the reviewed studies enumerated factors that enhance the arts experience effectiveness on inducing the propagation of the effects: activities which are linked with local community value systems, the flexible and open spirit of the engagement, the ability to boost collaboration and empathy, providing opportunities for expressing feelings and for stimulating imagination, and lastly, the intensity of the experience. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	According to the first segment of impact, arts and culture provide socially valuable leisure activities, elevate people's thinking and contribute positively to their psychological and social well-being and enhance their sensitivity (The European Task Force on Culture and Development 1997). .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	There are different forms of cultural participation, like participating in an artistic activity, appreciating a work of art or volunteering for a cultural venue. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Thus the arts engagement can encourage involvement in the civic life of a community. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Therefore culture can be accomplished as an important strategy for implementing sustainable development policies, by inducing social capital formation. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	These cultural activities offer opportunities for the local population to engage in informal actions in informal public places, which explore the physical environment (physical patrimony) and celebrate their cultural values (immaterial patrimony). .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Enriching the physical environment in a territory is accomplished by implementing urban renewal strategies that develop new infrastructure projects but also invite the public to celebrate their cultural heritage by developing cultural activities that encourage the occupation of public places. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Therefore, developing cultural actions for social transformation not only means offering a diversity of artistic events, but also effectively providing experiences that are sustainable and significant for building a democratic society. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Expression was recognised as a driver for inducing citizenship enhancement, and encompasses opportunities for manifestations of individual and collective identity, and constructions encouraged by leisure and cultural activities in non-formal and informal learning formats. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Therefore, the ability to express our own identity, through leisure and cultural activities is an important driver to enhancing individual critical and civic capacity. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	In this regard, the proposed theoretical framework highlighted culture and the arts can have a strategic function on sustainable community development. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Therefore, it could be useful to encourage spaces for debating culture roles on development among artists for their awareness of culture and the arts capacity for impact the creative community fabric and for convey a system of values. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	In this sense, this study argues that although other type of programmes (like leisure occupations) are also able to stir creativity, spontaneity and induce critical capacity, culture has a particular role in providing opportunities for building a pluralistic and democratic society as it conveys symbolic meanings through its experience. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Therefore, through awareness of the full set of externalities produced by culture and the arts, cultural-based development policies can manage cultural resources accordingly. .
Evans, G.,	Measure for measure: evaluating the evidence of culture’s contribution to regeneration.	The impact of new transport insfrastructure on cultural activity and regeneration has also recognised the importance of access to positive regenerative effects. .
Evans, G.,	Measure for measure: evaluating the evidence of culture’s contribution to regeneration.	Culture-led Regeneration In this model, cultural activity is seen as the catalyst and engine of regenerationepithets of change and movement. .
Evans, G.,	Measure for measure: evaluating the evidence of culture’s contribution to regeneration.	Cultural governance in this sense is another factor which can be assessed and which might offer useful approaches to community engagement in the fraught regeneration process. .
Evans, G.,	Measure for measure: evaluating the evidence of culture’s contribution to regeneration.	There are particular issues in relation to the cultural dimension of regeneration impacts, aside from more subjective aesthetic and artistic considerations. .
Montalto, V., ; Campagna, D., ; Caperna, G.,	Does Culture Make a Better Citizen? Exploring the Relationship Between Cultural and Civic Participation in Italy	In order to address this evidence dilemma, we have explored one specific aspect of the social impact of participation in cultural activities, namely the effect of the cultural participation rate, i.e. frequency of engagement for an individual in a wide range of cultural activities, on civic engagement, i.e. the behaviours and actions that an individual accomplishes to give a positive contribution to the life in the community. .
Montalto, V., ; Campagna, D., ; Caperna, G.,	Does Culture Make a Better Citizen? Exploring the Relationship Between Cultural and Civic Participation in Italy	Our findings therefore suggest that arts and culture are more than leisure-time entertainment activities as they seem to contribute to the socio-cultural inclusion of individuals. .
Montalto, V., ; Campagna, D., ; Caperna, G.,	Does Culture Make a Better Citizen? Exploring the Relationship Between Cultural and Civic Participation in Italy	Ultimately, this analysis highlights the potential of arts participation for promoting active citizenship. .
Montalto, V., ; Tacao Moura, C., J.; Langedijk, S., ; Saisana, M.,	Culture counts: An empirical approach to measure the cultural and creative vitality of European cities.	The role of culture in creating lively cities and communities where people want to live, work and visit is among the central tenants of the creative cities' literature. .
Montalto, V., ; Tacao Moura, C., J.; Langedijk, S., ; Saisana, M.,	Culture counts: An empirical approach to measure the cultural and creative vitality of European cities.	Culture is a key to achieve inclusive development, to strengthen social bonds and cooperation, and to foster creativity and innovation. .
Laaksonen, A.,	Measuring Cultural Exclusion through Participation in Cultural Life.	In advocating cultural rights, the crucial link is the relationship between those rights termed as cultural and other rights such as the right to education and development, and different freedoms in relation to the right to take part in cultural life. .
Laaksonen, A.,	Measuring Cultural Exclusion through Participation in Cultural Life.	Furthermore, cultural policies based on cultural rights enable the art and culture sector to look for concrete implications in the relation between cultural practices and social cohesion and inclusion. .
Laaksonen, A.,	Measuring Cultural Exclusion through Participation in Cultural Life.	Since the Universal Declaration, the right to participate in cultural life has been the subject of further development, and a number of international and national documents on cultural policies have referred to the positive effect of cultural participation on personal development and social cohesion. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	Outside of educational settings, some initial evidence exists on the role of cultural capital in contributing to personal and social well-being. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	Furthermore, an interesting extension for future research would be to examine public spaces and cultural capital. .
Grossi, E.; Blessi, G. T.; Sacco, P.L.	Magic moments: Determinants of stress relief and subjective wellbeing from visiting a cultural heritage site.	The study underlines the potential of the arts and culture as a new platform for public health practices and new approaches to welfare policy design..
Grossi, E.; Blessi, G. T.; Sacco, P.L.	Magic moments: Determinants of stress relief and subjective wellbeing from visiting a cultural heritage site.	Therefore, cultural participation should be regarded as a key structural factor in evaluating the individual and social effects of arts-and-culture-focused health policies..
Konlaan, B. B.; Bygren, L. O.; Johansson, S. E.	Visiting the cinema, concerts, museums or art exhibitions as determinant of survival: a Swedish fourteen-year cohort follow-up.	The aim of this study was to ascertain the possible influence of attending various kinds of cultural events or visiting cultural institutions as a determinant of survival. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Measuring changes in subjective well‑being from engagement in the arts, culture and sport	Our analysis suggests important, but differentiated, positive change in well-being from greater engagement in the arts, culture and sport..
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Measuring changes in subjective well‑being from engagement in the arts, culture and sport	This paper contributes to understanding of the well-being impacts of changes in engagement in leisure activities, encompassing the arts, culture and sport. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Understanding the benefits of the arts is central to the discussion and design of policies affecting the arts. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	One of the key insights from this analysis is that the most important instrumental benefits require sustained involvement in the arts. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Continued involvement develops the competencies that change individual tastes and enrich subsequent arts experience. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The model of the participation process that we developed not only highlights these points, but also suggests how to build involvement in, and therefore demand for, the arts. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Our analysis of how individuals develop a life-long commitment to the arts suggests a variety of ways in which to promote this objective. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Research has shown that early exposure is often key to developing life-long involvement in the arts. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Create circumstances for rewarding arts experiences. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	This insight is a key to understanding the intrinsic effects of arts experiences. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	One way of defining great art is by its continued effect on the public sphere throughout time. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	We will consider this aspect of the aesthetic experience when we discuss how art helps expand individual capacities. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	In this way, art can redefine the culture and influence artistic traditions. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The key aspect of these initial experiences for future arts involvement is that the arts experience itself, rather than simply the social circumstances in which it occurs, engages the participant enough that he or she develops a positive attitude toward the arts and the possibility of future arts involvement. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Indeed, a chief advantage of early exposure to the arts is that it can create more openness to later arts participation. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Once again, the key element of these gateway experiences is that they are positive and condition the individual to consider future arts participation. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Individuals whose preferred mode is appreciation (e.g., attending, listening, reading) expand their knowledge of a particular art form, including both a range of artists and artistic styles. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Those whose preferred mode is doing art (performing and creating) become more skilled in executing the techniques of their preferred art form and in understanding differences in interpretation. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	These characteristics help shape the individuals predilection toward the arts, as well as the appeal that different modes of participation and disciplines will hold for him or her. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Similarly, the salient features of other early arts experiences include the following: (1) the context in which the experiences occure.g..
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The key to the participation cycle is the arts experience. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Once an individual understands how to become engaged in an arts experiencewhat to notice, how to make sense of itthe rewards of the experience are both immediate and cumulative. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Bottom Line Since the key to being able to gain benefits from the arts lies in being brought into a process of recurrent compelling encounters with works of art, we have tried to illuminate both the factors that trigger arts involvement in the first place and the factors that help that arts involvement deepen over time. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Participation in the arts is motivated by intrinsic benefits derived from arts experiences, and it is only through such experiences that a variety of instrumental benefits can be realized. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Individuals pursue continued involvement in the arts if their arts experiences are fully engagingemotionally, cognitively, socially. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Continued involvement develops the competencies that change individual tastes and enrich subsequent arts experiences. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Our approach emphasizes the variety of benefits the arts can provide to individuals and to the public. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Our view that arts benefits are grounded in compelling arts experiences highlights the importance of taking steps to develop the capacity to engage in such experiences. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	And our analysis of how individuals acquire a life-long commitment to the arts suggests a variety of ways to promote this objective. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The goal of public policy should be to bring as many people as possible into engagement with their culture through meaningful experiences of the arts. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Within each of these categories, we identify a series of key concepts that can contribute to an understanding of how the arts can produce social benefits at the community level. .
Hill Strategies , R.,	Social Effects of the Arts: Exploratory Statistical Evidence.	Culture provides a means to be entertained, celebrate commonalities and differences, express individuality, feel a sense of attachment and experience artistic expression. .
Jeannotte, M., S.	Singing alone? The contribution of cultural capital to social cohesion and sustainable communities	In other cases, performance art was used as a vehicle for promoting intercultural contact and understanding, for articulating the special needs of groups such as the disabled, or for preserving and celebrating the traditions of particular ethnocultural groups. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The other social dimension of the participatory turn concerns artistic production. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Many initiatives are emerging today in the form of spectator collectives, citizen commissions for works, and co-creation through artistic and participatory residencies, to give art a new social vocation. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Our aim was to deepen the engagement among artists, cultural organisations and audience, thanks to a methodology that would give audiences real agency and a sense of personal investment in the development of the cultural activities within their context. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	In our vision, we intended to create a context where the active participation of spectators would be emboldened, and the artists creative work would be given potentially useful input. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	On the other hand, the activities done highlighted that culture is partly a testing ground for social development. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Those creative residencies were defined as crucial for the relation among local audiences and for the artists to get in contact with different cultural contexts. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	On the other hand, those creative residencies showing real interest in audience involvement end up with great experiences on both sides (artists and participants). .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	A clear concept, creative participatory strategy, and a certain artistic quality are needed for a project to succeed in Be SpectACTive!.
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	That method proved to be a fundamental tool for artists and a very resourceful way of strengthening the local artistic community. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	That was a positive experience either for our organisation and the artists participating in this programme, as it opened a new way of thinking about artists position and role, and allowed them to think of deeper and longer-term connections for the potential participants of their projects. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Also, this type of participatory project can expand the artistic scope of interest and open new opportunities for artists to rethink their practices whether current or future. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	That is certainly a chance to foster a deeper understanding of artistic processes and, hopefully, to attract a stronger interest for the arts by a wide range of audiences. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Audiences are creating, adapting and manipulating as well as appreciating art and culture. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	For others a more cultured and widely available audience it has become common in this region to offer the opportunity to participate in activities of greater cultural value, including interaction with artists. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	For some directors, its about deepening the artistic experience and understanding the process of enjoying a show. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	First evidences suggest that this can be an effective way of allowing people to discover or rediscover their own creativity and to shape local cultural opportunities to be more reflective. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The importance of offering communities the possibility to participate in art, that not only celebrates their history and heritage but also allows them to engage critically with the real issues facing them, cannot be underestimated. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	It is in the process of transforming how its community engages with values and facilitates cultural activity. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The participation opportunities provided by TakeOver are both meaningful and impactful, encompassing a broad scope of choice for people to actively engage as both artist and social citizen. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	They aim to nurture in their community a deeper appreciation of the arts and to offer various ways in which the community can express the value perceived of the arts around them. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	This reflection concerns in particular participants, whose expectations and potential benefits are determined by the way in which the participative proposal encounters their previous social trajectory more precisely, their level of cultural capital in relation to artistic practices and knowledge. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	When this happens, it can be an opportunity for venues to connect with new social fields and contribute to the diversification of audiences, but also to stimulate innovation and partnerships, enlarging the functions and the connections of an artistic institution. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Creative residencies are also the ideal ground to connect artists with different contexts, scales and practices and to experiment forms and models of active engagement, giving artists the challenge to experiment new creative processes, which can be nourished by the active involvement of participants. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Cultural development The process of enabling cultural activities, including the arts, towards the realisation of a desired future, particularly of a culturally rich and vibrant community (Cultural Development Network, n.d.). .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Moreover, another distinct characteristic of culture that contributes mostly to urban regeneration is the capacity of identity-building. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	The presence of multiculturalism coupled with the emerging identity crisis, generates much of the opportunities for culture-led urban regeneration. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	This aspect of spatial control of culture can be supported by a set of architectural themes (by developing urban areas around a specific theme), as a mechanism of regenerating local identity, by creating new images and visions -perceived or real- of the public realm. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	4. The impact of architecture: the value to culture-led urban regeneration A distinct element of culture-led urban regeneration strategies is the degree of dependence upon aesthetics. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Furthermore, support for culture is believed to be important for the development of creativity and innovation in professional life. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	By translating it into a specifically cultural policy-making, stimulating cultural events are related both to the tradition of the area, and with their transforming potential (town and neighborhood renewal, social inclusion and community cohesion, etc.). .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	As attended in the literature review section, in culture-led urban regeneration schemes, especially the ones within ECOC programme which focuses mainly on cultural implications and benefits, assessment of the impact of culture on urban regeneration gains particular importance. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Among these the impact areas concerning the cultural system within case study area; cultural access and participation; image, identity and sense of place; and philosophy and management of the project process are considered to be of high expectation whereas the impact areas of physical infrastructure and sustainability, and economic impacts and processes are also expected to be regarded. .
Belfiore, E., ; Bennett, O.,	Rethinking the Social Impacts of the Arts	The understanding thus gained will contribute to a better grasp of what the role of the arts is in todays society, and help us towards the elaboration of their importance beyond narrowly conceived ideas of performance measurement and target setting. .
Belfiore, E., ; Bennett, O.,	Beyond the “Toolkit Approach”: Arts Impact Evaluation Research and the Realities of Cultural Policy‐Making	In particular, the article attempts to highlight the contribution that cultural policy scholars working within the humanities could make to this area of policy research..
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	Active participation in the arts leads, in addition, to improved self-concept and sense of control over ones life. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	Illustrative examples drawn from such sources can also help to raise awareness of the different ways in which cultural activity can be used in regeneration projects. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	Some of the more recent literature includes reference to cultural impact which, with its emphasis on cultural values such as sustainability, cultural preservation, cultural diversity, autonomy, creativity, solidarity and cultural rights, has a close connection with both the individual and community dimensions of social regeneration. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	In considering these case studies it is important to recognise that the impact of an activity is determined not only by the role that culture is playing in a regeneration project, but also by the way in which that role is planned for and implemented. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	Cultural activity and projects can play a key role in community consultation, animation and empowerment in the fraught development process. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	4. The nature of cultural projects which feature in regeneration may also need to be assessed more rigorously in terms of the impacts they produce, i.e. it is not only the opportunity cost between cultural and non-cultural investment in regeneration, but between which culture and where, best serves the regeneration and community objectives. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	This might produce a design quality tool adapted for cultural projects, incorporating cultural, regenerative, as well as design factors..
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Specifically, they define cultural vitality as evidence of creating, disseminating, validating, and supporting arts and culture as a dimension of everyday life in communities. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Specifically, we define cultural vitality as evidence of creating, disseminating, validating, and supporting arts and culture as a dimension of everyday life in communities. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Several types of participation that are particularly important to sustaining and increasing cultural vitality in a community surfaced in our research. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	We also found that a high incidence of artists in one place is another strong indicator of that locations cultural vitality and provides one measure or indicator of the level of support available for important aspects of artistic endeavor. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	For example, it enables urban designers and planners to give more consideration to ensuring that communities have community/cultural centers, including facilities for the practice of art, that make possible a wide range of arts engagement. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	And it enables community members to learn more about the range of cultural activity in their communities and where arts-related investments might best be made. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	This surge in indicator initiatives and related efforts to improve and expand the issues they report on provide a window of opportunity for the further integration of arts and culture into indicator systems. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	The Institutes Arts and Culture Indicators Project (ACIP), with its pioneering research, has deepened our understanding of the impact of arts and culture on community revitalization. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Taken together, this body of work has deepened our understanding of the role culture can play in building vibrant urban communities. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Lastly, our research points to the significance of the design of public and other spaces where arts and cultural activity can and do take place. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Further, in the context of understanding arts and cultural participation as a catalyst for or example of social capital, opportunities for collective art making and the collective experience of arts has emerged as very significant. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	For example, in designing communities or neighborhoods, urban designers and urban planners subscribing to the cultural vitality concept can give more consideration to ensuring that neighborhoods have community centers or cultural centers that make possible a wide range of engagementincluding not only audience participation but also facilities for people to make or practice their craft of choice. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	More generally, the cultural vitality concept can compel policymakers, arts funders, and arts administrators to think more critically about to what aspect of a citys or communitys cultural vitality they are contributing. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	This is because the concept suggests an ecology of a wide variety of arts-related entities (some explicitly arts-related and some not)large, midsize, small, nonprofit, public, commercial, and informalas necessary for cultural vitality. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Finally, acceptance and application of the cultural vitality concept potentially makes available a new range of resources for the artsfrom the education field (e.g., for additional arts instruction) to community development (e.g., for arts districts and artist live/work spaces) and other fields as well. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Our purpose was to identify any advances relevant to our work on how current indicator systems define arts and culture and measure various aspects of cultural vitality. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	The growing number of examples of arts and culture being included in indicators alongside other issues is encouraging. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Further, interest in creativity is mounting, and the ability to test the relevance of various aspects of arts and culture in community contexts through impact studies is growing. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	These types of reports are interesting to us because they sometimes include new data or metrics that can push our thinking about possible indicators of different aspects of cultural vitality. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	These measures capture some important aspects of cultural vitality listed earlier under the presence of opportunities for cultural participation domain and under the support for cultural activities domain. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Data from this survey helped capture nuances of arts and cultural participation and support for arts and culture. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Our advances in arts and culture data are helping to make answers to this kind inquiry possible. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	The surge of interest in the creative sector and the improved access to cultural vitality data that we document in this report represents a window of opportunity to integrate indicators of cultural vitality into broader policy discussions and decisionmaking. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	The opportunities offered were not merely offering access to a cultural experience that was already there but involved participants actively engaging in and creating art. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	The Participatory Turn in Cultural Policy: Paradigms, Models, Contexts.	Many initiatives are emerging today in the form of spectator collectives, citizen commissions for works, and co-creation through artistic and participatory residencies, to give art a new social vocation. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	In this sense, the influence of the geographical context is fundamental to understand the form and depth in which strategies such as audience development are incorporated in the discourse and praxis of cultural projects. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Given the positive effect of participating in cultural activities, arts and culture might be the starting point for this discussion, initiating and developing forms of participation that promote dialogue and intercultural exchange. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	In my opinion, there has been another interesting aspect of participatory arts engagement in recent cultural management and policy debates. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	A context that encourages active participation of spectators has the potential to provide artists with useful input in support of their creative work. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	For project leaders, one way to address this issue is to think about how art can be useful to peoples everyday life and relevant to local communities, helping them to generate, establish, and interpret meaning. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	In turn, this enables them to enjoy a wider range of artistic expressions. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Developing a holistic and long-term digital proposition is an opportunity for using digital to promote public understanding and enjoyment of performing arts and to reinforce audience engagement, providing authentic insight to artists: it can be a strategic win-win approach. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Furthermore, biodiversity of a cultural ecosystem is key to an ongoing lively cultural ambience that democratizes cultural consumption by providing various quality alternatives. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Participatory artists require a particular skill set, and they should conceive of themselves as facilitators and conduits of creativity; as enrichers of artistic engagement; as enablers of cultural and artistic meaning. .
Sandell, R.,	Social inclusion, the museum and the dynamics of sectoral change.	However, more recently, research into the origins of the concept and its applicability to the cultural sector has contributed to an enhanced understanding of the change imperatives that the social inclusion agenda brings with it. .
Gallou, E., ; Fouseki, K.,	Applying Social Impact Assessment (SIA) Principles in Assessing Contribution of Cultural Heritage to Social Sustainability.	At the same time, innovative tools for community-led heritage management, tourism planning and inclusive governance are on the rise. .
Gainza, X.,	Culture‑led neighbourhood transformations beyond the revitalisation/gentrification dichotomy.	The initial presence of artists and cultural activities also modifies the material, economic and symbolic conditions that attracted the first cultural producers. .
Markusen , A., ; Godwa, A.,	Arts and Culture in Urban or Regional Planning: A Review and Research Agenda	They were meant to both expand cultural offerings and revitalize their immediate environs. .
Markusen , A., ; Godwa, A.,	Arts and Culture in Urban or Regional Planning: A Review and Research Agenda	In addition, the built environment industry is actively engaged in using arts and culture to make money and nurture civic pride. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.	Measuring the intrinsic impacts of arts attendance	Individual arts experiences are the building blocks upon which the larger outcomes of the arts, such as social cohesion and cognitive development, are constructed. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.	Measuring the intrinsic impacts of arts attendance	The transformative potential of the arts may stem from its ability to inspire, challenge and unite people, as well as the innate complexity and uniqueness in how it can affect individuals. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.	Measuring the intrinsic impacts of arts attendance	Additional indicators were added to this construct to address the extent to which an arts experience motivates an individual to be more creative, or to make a change in ones life. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.	Measuring the intrinsic impacts of arts attendance	Conclusion This research aims to further policy research and development, and aid arts organizations in capturing and reflecting on the intrinsic impacts of their artistic endeavours. .
Harland, J., ; Kinder , K., ; Hartley, K.,	Arts in their view. A study of youth participation in the arts.	This may reflect the strength of desire among such respondents to pursue and develop their artistic endeavours. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	It argues public funded community based arts projects were powerful catalysts for community development..
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	This view of culture emphasises the importance of expressing community values, creating a sense of place, gaining new insights and learning new ways of doing things. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	...the sociological conception of culture possesses a number of qualities which are relevant to the process of development and the future. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	In this arena community art becomes a part of the process of community cultural developmenta process concerned with fostering an environment in which cultural democracy can occur. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	This process recognises the importance of community as fundamental to cultural expression, along with the space for social interaction and resources for artistic production. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	It values community artistic expression as an important way in which communities can create a sense of place, affirm their values, assert their differences and communicate their aspirations. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	It reveals that public funded community-based arts projects were powerful catalysts for community development and renewal as well as agents for substantial individual development. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Community cultural expression is an essential component in the evolution and expression of a national culture. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Creative expression at community level is one way of articulating the cultural values people want enshrined in public policy, and reflected in economic frameworks. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Investments in the arts Apart from developing artistic talents and inspiring further work of artistic merit, community-based arts projects also generate support for and appreciation of the traditional or the fine arts . .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	A successful project is likely to have a considerable impact in generating support for the arts, locally and further afield. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	A creative arts focus: maintaining a creative arts focus to cultural development projects. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Audience impact: an artistic product that inspires its target audiences. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	This was essential for keeping the focus on exploring individual artistic expression during the project. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	This was most enhanced when the creative development process supported and fostered the participants artistic expression and showcased their expression in a well structured artistic design. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Meaningful levels of participation Successful projects provided the opportunity for participants to take up artistic or social challenges that also contributed to achieving the goals set for the project. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	This approach was most likely to tap into and foster emerging artistic talents among the participants, which in turn strengthened the integrity of the artistic outcome. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	This paper has explored how the experience of community is fundamental to cultural expression, along with the space for social interaction and the resources for artistic production. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	We need to acknowledge community art as an important catalyst for cultural development and that this is a valid role of art in society. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	This paper suggests that key outcome areas for the arts in community cultural development are as follows:.
Landry, C., ; Bianchini, F.,	The Creative City	Much of this work was concerned with developing the artistic, cultural and social life of cities. .
Tavano Blessi, G.; Grossi, E.; Sacco, P. L.; Piereti, G.; Ferilli, G.	The contribution of cultural participation to urban well-being. A comparative study in Bolzano/Bozen and Siracusa, Italy	Researchers from all such fields pay attention in various respects to the influence of culture - in terms of activities, events, facilities, and participation - as a transformational factor with important potential impacts on various dimensions of social and economic value including social cohesion, environmentally responsible behavior, orientation toward innovation, and individual and collective well-being. .
Tavano Blessi, G.; Grossi, E.; Sacco, P. L.; Piereti, G.; Ferilli, G.	The contribution of cultural participation to urban well-being. A comparative study in Bolzano/Bozen and Siracusa, Italy	Culture is a key to achieve inclusive development, to strengthen social bonds and cooperation, and to foster creativity and innovation. .
Tavano Blessi, G.; Grossi, E.; Sacco, P. L.; Piereti, G.; Ferilli, G.	The contribution of cultural participation to urban well-being. A comparative study in Bolzano/Bozen and Siracusa, Italy	Cities then have to develop and implement comprehensive cultural planning approaches focusing on the cultural dimension as a proactive welfare factor, which creates in addition a favorable social climate for innovative attitudes and mindsets, spreading various kinds of benefits across different social spheres. .
Windle, G.; Gregory, S.; Howson-Griffiths, T.; Newman, A.; O Brien, D.; Gouldin, A.	Exploring the theoretical foundations of visual art programmes for people living with dementia	Consequently the data suggest that the attributes of dynamic and responsive artistic practice is a contextual factor that underpins the success of a visual arts programme. .
Windle, G.; Gregory, S.; Howson-Griffiths, T.; Newman, A.; O Brien, D.; Gouldin, A.	Exploring the theoretical foundations of visual art programmes for people living with dementia	This engaged residents, staff and family members in a uniquely creative way to improve quality of life, showing how the arts can transform environments. .
Zarobe, L.; Bungay, H.	The role of arts activities in developing resilience and mental wellbeing in children and young people a rapid review of the literature	INTRINSIC FACTORS Sense of belonging and identity formation Arts may play a role in identity development as the activities give people an opportunity to explore and learn about themselves. .
Australian Expert Group in Industry Studies , AEGIS,	Social impacts of Participation in the Arts and Cultural Activities	The project is viewed as a first step in bringing together current work on the social impacts of participation in arts and cultural activity in order to help identify further research needs and allow for better informed policy development and programming. .
Australian Expert Group in Industry Studies , AEGIS,	Social impacts of Participation in the Arts and Cultural Activities	The international trend in the field of using the arts and cultural activities as a means of achieving broader social goals suggests also the importance of looking at the cumulative effects of participation in arts and cultural activity. .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	A number of studies about the use and effects of arts and cultural activities to promote wellbeing in healthcare environment have been conducted in recent years. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Cultural diversity and creativity It is claimed that acknowledging and maintaining cultural diversity can enhance quality of life. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	The survey helped to provide valuable insight into the social effects of heritage conservation in urban renewal districts. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	To begin with, it is important to provide public involvement opportunities during the heritage conservation and urban renewal process. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Moreover, as part of the urban renewal strategy, promoting public awareness of local heritage and the preservation of traditional industries is essential for achieving more successful heritage conservation. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Subjective well-being and engagement in arts, culture and sport.	This paper explores the relationship between engagement in arts, culture and sport, and subjective well-being, contributing to our understanding of the leisure experience, and cultural value, of these activities. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Subjective well-being and engagement in arts, culture and sport.	Arts, cultural and sporting activities, as cultural goods exhibit certain characteristics which generate cultural value. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Subjective well-being and engagement in arts, culture and sport.	Participation and engagement in cultural goods, including arts events, museums, historical sites and certain sporting activities, form leisure experiences, where ..
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Subjective well-being and engagement in arts, culture and sport.	The findings are also indicative of a range of cultural goods, including arts activities and events, museums, historical sites and certain sporting activities, acting as a source of cultural value. .
Poulos, R.G.; Marwood, S.; Harkin, D.; Opher, S.; Clift, S.; Cole, A.M.D.; Rhee, J.; Beilharz, K.; Poulos, C.J.	Arts on prescription for community‐dwelling older people with a range of health and wellness needs	Qualitative findings indicated that the program provided challenging artistic activities which created a sense of purpose and direction, enabled personal growth and achievement, and empowered participants, in a setting which fostered the development of meaningful relationships with others. .
Poulos, R.G.; Marwood, S.; Harkin, D.; Opher, S.; Clift, S.; Cole, A.M.D.; Rhee, J.; Beilharz, K.; Poulos, C.J.	Arts on prescription for community‐dwelling older people with a range of health and wellness needs	This may be due to the programs ability to foster eudaimonic well-being through the provision of challenging artistic activities which create a sense of purpose and direction, enable personal growth and achievement, and empower participants, in a setting which fosters the development of meaningful relationships with others. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Essentially, cultural mapping involves identifying existing cultural resources and finding ways of leveraging them for the benefit of the community at large. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Essentially, place branding involves using a local cultural inventory to identify some of the cultural elements that can create a unique image of a community. .
Spiegel, J., B.; Parent, S., N.	Re-approaching community development through the arts: a ‘critical mixed methods’ study of social circus in Quebec.	While community arts projects have long been used in community development, the nature of the development sought has varied. .
Stern, M., J.	Measuring the Outcomes of Creative Placemaking	However, the presence of cultural assets has a significant impact in mitigating social inequality. .
Stern, M., J.	Measuring the Outcomes of Creative Placemaking	The concept of cultural ecology provides a solid foundation for creative placemaking, but it also poses a challenge. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	The social impact of arts and cultural engagement is now getting more attention. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Cultural districts as a source of civic engagement goes beyond enhancements to the public realm. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	ACTs Cultural Plan sees Providences public spaces becoming vibrant cultural commons where public art, including new media, would create opportunities for engagement. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	There is extensive evidence that arts and culture help produce engaged citizens, not only promoting pro-social civic behaviours such as voting and volunteering, but also fuelling a broader political imagination. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	6. Innovation impacts Cultural districts support the innovative social context in which ecosystems can thrive. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	The rise of new kinds of cultural experience and art forms is bound up in wider innovation, with the need for new digital technologies, facilities for co-creation, flexible accessible spaces and more open and diverse forms of participation. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Its digital art - sonic, visual, projections - contributes to the cultural vitality of the district while bringing together arts practice and creative start-ups in innovative ways. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	A cultural district will also need to think about this ecosystem in its own strategies, including engaging with grassroots arts as part of delivering its social objectives. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	This category encompasses arts programs and projects whose primary purpose is to provide a fulfilling creative experience for those who participate. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	In these programs the participatory activity, however cursory or deep, is in service of a professionally curated artistic outcome. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	Arts groups are devoting a great deal of energy these days to assisting visitors and audiences in having deeper, more meaningful arts experiences (i.e., enhanced engagement). .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	1. Community-Sourced Arts Events Build institutional relevance and shift the organizations role from gatekeeper to catalyst of creativity. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	By inviting community members to create, perform and witness, these programs offer shared, meaningful experiences. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	Through participatory arts programs and events, these agencies activate community networks to catalyze, mobilize and facilitate creativity and art-making. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	By activating community networks, these agencies are finding new ways to catalyze, mobilize and facilitate creativity and art-making in their communities through participatory arts programs and events. .
Arikan, Y., ; Clark, T., N.; Noonan, D., S.; Tolley, G.,	The arts, Bohemian scenes, and income.	The increasing global recognition that the arts are critical foundations for education, aesthetics, and creative neighbourhoods should encourage more detailed inquiries. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	This article examines an alternative use of the arts for community development: cultivating neighborhood cultural clusters with modest concentrations of cultural providers (both nonprofit and commercial), resident artists, and cultural participants. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	Diverse communities are the fertile soil in which the arts and culture flourish. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	The connection between diversity and the arts needs to be more fully explored. .
Rosenstein, C.,	Cultural development and city neighborhoods.	First, cultural development should be dedicated not just to economic growth but also to supporting the diverse cultural lives of city residents, including everyday and neighborhood cultural activity. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	With careful curatorship and the assistance of their audiences museums can develop for the future a popular cultural heritage which is non-linear, risk taking and which presents a diversity of experience..
Walmsley, B.,	Deep hanging out in the arts: an anthropological approach to capturing cultural value	So the arts help people to be, rather than just think, reflect and rationalise. .
Walmsley, B.,	Deep hanging out in the arts: an anthropological approach to capturing cultural value	They need to be mindful of their phenomenological role as sites of profound cultural engagement; as privileged places of artistic insight and exchange. .
Walmsley, B.,	Deep hanging out in the arts: an anthropological approach to capturing cultural value	Ultimately, it is hoped that this fresh approach to capturing artistic experience will reframe the terms of the Cultural Value debate and inspire new anthropological approaches to exploring it..
Grodach, C.,	Museums as Urban Catalysts: The Role of Urban Design in Flagship Cultural Development	Many local governments are paying increased attention to the arts as a vital component of central city redevelopment. .
Grodach, C.,	Museums as Urban Catalysts: The Role of Urban Design in Flagship Cultural Development	However, it is plausible that in most instances the ability of the flagship cultural strategy to stimulate development depends not only on spectacular architecture, but also on the local context and urban design surrounding the building itself. .
Grodach, C.,	Museums as Urban Catalysts: The Role of Urban Design in Flagship Cultural Development	For these researchers, successful culture-led redevelopment relies upon the distinct character or identity of a district, creating a lively and well-defined public realm, and the existence of a critical mass of cultural facilities within a diverse mix of land uses and building types. .
Grodach, C.,	Museums as Urban Catalysts: The Role of Urban Design in Flagship Cultural Development	This type of competition arises because, in many instances, when a cultural institution is treated as a development catalyst, its role is interpreted as creating an experience or setting for cultural consumption. .
Cortés-Rico, L., ; Piedrahita-Solórzano, G.,	Participatory Design in Practice. The Case of an Embroidered Technology.	It means that the greater the immersion in the project, the easier it is for ideas to become culturally relevant artifacts. .
Cortés-Rico, L., ; Piedrahita-Solórzano, G.,	Participatory Design in Practice. The Case of an Embroidered Technology.	Actively involving communities facilitates their empowerment, their appropriation of designed artifacts and also makes possible the local development of new sustainable social technology. .
Badham, M.,	Cultural Indicators: Tools for Community Engagement?	The paper is also interested in a number of emerging initiatives in which cultural indicators can be tools for community engagement and cultural democracy. .
Badham, M.,	Cultural Indicators: Tools for Community Engagement?	Prospective Cultural Indicators may provide new and innovative ways for articulating the values of a diversity of culture and expression through collaborative dialogue regarding culture may be used as an inclusive policy-making strategy, reflective of the values of everyday citizens. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	Cities build their uniqueness on cultural resources and assets Every place has cultural resources. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	Cultural resources are an essential source of authentic differentiation contributing to singularities, distinctiveness and attractiveness. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	This is where the peer-learning activities of Culture for Cities and Regions helped to reshape the strategic development of the project and develop locally-rooted narratives, and make best use of existing opportunities, such as the development and implementation of the Regional Smart Specialisation strategy as a way to integrate the cultural heritage site in an overall economic and social development policy. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	It is about setting a vision for a city where all forms of creativity and innovation are mobilised to tackle todays and tomorrows challenges, a ville des possibles which empowers cultural workers and creative initiatives. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Creativity and culture have been placed at the centre of regional and local development plans, both as a tool for urban regeneration and as a key driver for city development. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	It usefully places the notion of expressive value at the core of its rationale, including a wider spectrum of aesthetic, social, spiritual, historical, symbolic, and authenticity values. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Every urban area has cultural and creative resources, which make a place unique, in terms of attractiveness and of identity. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Culture, and in particular the cultural and creative industries, have become a motor of transformation and development of cities. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Recognising and promoting cultural and creative industries at local level is critical as it can have a substantial impact on the socio-economic scenario. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Culture and creativity can play a role in addressing city issues of public interest. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	More specifically, particular attention has been dedicated to the cultural environment of a city - creative hubs, libraries, theatres, cinemas, museums - which is essential to the development of a creative place. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	cultural and creative events, cultural tourism, the presence of creative opportunities and spaces. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	They aim at proving the culture and the creative industries as key drivers for local economic growth. .
Bianchini, F., ; Tommarchi, E., ; Hansen, L., E.	Problematising the question of participation in Capitals of Culture	In this case it deals with encouraging individual creativity, through the involvement of local people in community arts projects where they are enabled to express themselves and develop their cultural skills, and through co-creation of cultural contents and projects, based on open calls and micro-funding schemes. .
Bianchini, F., ; Tommarchi, E., ; Hansen, L., E.	Problematising the question of participation in Capitals of Culture	In this phase of the ECoC programme, the social dimension of the event that emerged in the previous phase was strengthened and developed, for example with regard to the connection between culture and wellbeing and the active involvement of local communities in the production of culture and in the design of cultural events, in particular through the introduction and development of concepts of co-creation. .
Moody, E., ; Phinney, A.,	A community-engaged art program for older people: fostering social inclusion.	This type of programming has been developed to create opportunities for people to engage with their communities through participation in art making. .
Moody, E., ; Phinney, A.,	A community-engaged art program for older people: fostering social inclusion.	The skills, abilities, and expertise of the artist, along with the individual knowledge, creativity, and life experience of participants are all valued in the art-making process. .
Merli, P.,	Evaluating the social impact of participation in arts activities. A critical review of François Matarasso’s “Use or Ornament?”	For example: participation in the arts can give people influence over how they are seen by others, or can help validate the contribution of a whole community, or can help people extend control over their own lives, or can help community groups raise their vision beyond the immediate. .
Navarro Yanez, C., J.	Do ‘creative cities’ have a dark side? Cultural scenes and socioeconomic status in Barcelona and Madrid (1991–2001)	Studies of culture and creativity have shown that they can play an effective role in promoting local development. .
Rahbarianyazd, R., ; Doratli, N.,	Assessing the contribution of cultural agglomeration in urban regeneration through developing cultural strategies.	These areas can function within the art industry as places of art consumption and also contribute to enhanced arts production. .
Rahbarianyazd, R., ; Doratli, N.,	Assessing the contribution of cultural agglomeration in urban regeneration through developing cultural strategies.	The ability of these projects to accelerate art developments relies heavily on the nearby environment. .
Rahbarianyazd, R., ; Doratli, N.,	Assessing the contribution of cultural agglomeration in urban regeneration through developing cultural strategies.	(c) place-oriented strategy, for example, visiting heritage buildings or flagship projects as part of the creative environment; .
Rahbarianyazd, R., ; Doratli, N.,	Assessing the contribution of cultural agglomeration in urban regeneration through developing cultural strategies.	Considering the role of the cultural production in boosting local economy and enhancing the social identity of the local communities, this model of urban regeneration relies mostly on the creative industry strategies. .
Felton E., Vichie K., Moore E.	Widening participation creatively: creative arts education for social inclusion	We argue that arts education has a particular role in provoking attitudinal change, due to the self-reflective, meaning-making and expressive characteristics of arts-based disciplines. .
Mahmoud R.A., Wael A.	Urban policy as a main key towards sustainable built environment of popular neighbourhood: Case study of El Cabanyal Valencia Spain	Moreover, the proposal includes the installation culture-related buildings that provides activities linked to the popular heritage. .
Urbanowicz K., Nyka L.	Interactive and Media Architecture - From Social Encounters to City Planning Strategies	3. Influencing the perception of the space - creating new identity of the place New media art and interactive installations can have a positive influence on the character and perception of the space. .
Park J., Lee H., Yim S.	A case of preservation of the modern and regeneration of old downtown through civic participatory remodeling procedure: Experimentation in Gwangju, Korea	The design competition also raises a question about the foremost priority in preservation projects and new birth of cultural resource. .
Fancourt D., Baxter L., Lorencatto F.	Barriers and enablers to engagement in participatory arts activities amongst individuals with depression and anxiety: Quantitative analyses using a behaviour change framework	These include believing there are benefits from engaging, having a goal to achieve, and feeling more artistic as a person. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	Careful attention is needed when designing community art projects to planning suitable follow-up events and opportunities for participants who wish to take their new interests forwards. .
Müllersdorf M., Ivarsson A.B.	Use of Creative Activities in Occupational Therapy Practice in Sweden	Another interesting aspect is how creative activities are defined. .
Reynolds F., Vivat B., Prior S.	Womens experiences of increasing subjective well-being in CFS/ME through leisure-based arts and crafts activities: A qualitative study	Art provided new sources of satisfaction in daily life, improved self-image, hope for the future, and positive contact with the outside world. .
la Cour K., Josephsson S., Luborsky M.	Creating connections of life during life-threatening illness: Creative activity experienced by elderly people and occupational therapists	Engaging in creative activity served as a medium that enabled creation of connections to wider culture and daily life that counters consequences of terminal illness, such as isolation. .
la Cour K., Josephsson S., Luborsky M.	Creating connections of life during life-threatening illness: Creative activity experienced by elderly people and occupational therapists	It adheres to an explicit philosophy to support the use of cultural and creative activities. .
la Cour K., Josephsson S., Luborsky M.	Creating connections of life during life-threatening illness: Creative activity experienced by elderly people and occupational therapists	Primarily the results are indicative of how and why engaging in creative activity can be of importance. .
Hsu K.-W., Lin M.-L., Chao J.-C., Huang S.-F.	Constructing an evaluation framework for eco-museum operations-management performance, based on the case of Jhushan, Taiwan	In other words, all cultural representations are heritages that eco-museums can potentially preserve, and all can help the local residents to build a sense of identity. .
Hsu K.-W., Lin M.-L., Chao J.-C., Huang S.-F.	Constructing an evaluation framework for eco-museum operations-management performance, based on the case of Jhushan, Taiwan	Promotion of cultural activities. .
Sánchez-López I., Pérez-Rodríguez A., Fandos-Igado M.	Com-educational platforms: Creativity and community for learning	Creative participation is recognized, makes sense and has a specific value in a community environment. .
Manias-Muñoz M., Barreiro M.S., Rodríguez A.I.	Public policies, diversity and national cinemas in the Spanish context: Catalonia, basque country and Galicia	In the current global context, developing cultural policies and measures to nurture such creativity becomes key issue. .
Arikan Y., Clark T.N., Noonan D.S., Tolley G.	The arts, Bohemian scenes, and income	The increasing global recognition that the arts are critical foundations for education, aesthetics, and creative neighbourhoods should encourage more detailed inquiries. .
Liu Y.-D.	Event and sustainable culture-led regeneration: Lessons from the 2008 European Capital of Culture, Liverpool	The findings reveal that incorporating events in a city's long-term regeneration trajectory, continued support and enhancement of local cultural processes and structures, and highlighting community involvement and development are major factors to ensure the cultural sustainability of event. .
Liu Y.-D.	Event and sustainable culture-led regeneration: Lessons from the 2008 European Capital of Culture, Liverpool	1) states: enjoyment of and participation in the arts is fundamental to the core of successful sustainable development . . . Arts have always been used to engage and inform as well as entertain, and using imagination and creativity encourages attitudinal change, as well as social and environmental transformation, all of which are necessary to make truly sustainable development possible. .
Liu Y.-D.	Event and sustainable culture-led regeneration: Lessons from the 2008 European Capital of Culture, Liverpool	Given the historical evolution, cultural potential and diversity of cities, there are different potential ways to achieve culture-led regeneration. .
Liu Y.-D.	Event and sustainable culture-led regeneration: Lessons from the 2008 European Capital of Culture, Liverpool	Therefore, the success of applying cultural policies to urban regeneration should consider the enhancement of cultural production. .
Cerreta M., Daldanise G., Sposito S.	Culture-led regeneration for urban spaces Monitoring complex values networks in action	Reading these experiences highlights how culture can be a driver of development and enhancement based on local resources and identity and, on the other hand, based on participatory resources, such as communication technologies and innovative forms of cooperation among people and creative experts. .
Shaw K.	Y21: Culture-led regeneration in twenty-first century UK city regions	In this way, culture-led regeneration demonstrated its potential to change not only the fortunes of a society, but also to shape the lives of the individuals living in a City-Region. .
Pastak I., Kährik A.	The impacts of culture-led flagship projects on local communities in the context of post-socialist tallinn	Culture-led flagship regeneration has had a substantial effect on improving the physical quality of public spaces by creating arenas for social interaction and educational activities. .
Carnegie A., Norris M.	Strengthening communities, building capacity, combating stigma: exploring the potential of culture-led social housing regeneration	A key reason for the Centres success in achieving this aspect of its remit, despite the large-scale and initially top-down imposition of culture-led regeneration, has been the emphasis on selecting cultural activities which are relevant to the concerns of the local community and on involving residents in their design and implementation. .
Comunian R., Mould O.	The weakest link: Creative industries, flagship cultural projects and regeneration	It is important that the cultural city places attention on culture with the capital C but also on the smaller creative and cultural producers that work in the city. .
Ozden P.	Culture-led regeneration projects in post-industrial areas: The Istanbul experience	Reading these experiences highlights how culture can be a driver of development and enhancement based on local resources and identity and, on the other hand, based on participatory resources, such as communication technologies and innovative forms of cooperation among people and creative experts. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	However, a recent, emerging body of research is examining the contribution of performing arts to positive health outcomes for clinical populations. .
Biondi L., Demartini P., Marchegiani L., Marchiori M., Piber M.	Understanding orchestrated participatory cultural initiatives: Mapping the dynamics of governance and participation	From a theoretical perspective, this study contributes to the literature and debate on culture as a driver for local regeneration and development. .
Biondi L., Demartini P., Marchegiani L., Marchiori M., Piber M.	Understanding orchestrated participatory cultural initiatives: Mapping the dynamics of governance and participation	2. Participatory cultural initiatives as a cultural phenomenon A growing body of literature across a diverse range of disciplines has tackled issues relating to culture and creativity and their associated socio-economic values. .
Biondi L., Demartini P., Marchegiani L., Marchiori M., Piber M.	Understanding orchestrated participatory cultural initiatives: Mapping the dynamics of governance and participation	To invest in cultural resources means contributing to improvements in quality of life, and forging new economic, financial, and human resources. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	Today, culture and cultural festivals are part of the strategies of local and regional development and urban regeneration actions as a result ofthe impact that these goods can generate on the territories. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	In turn, and derived from this phenomenon, culture is becoming a urban planning factor, not only because of the provision of new cultural infrastructures and the regeneration of urban spaces, but also because of the diversi$cation of the cultural offer and tourist attractions that, in short, try to con$gurate a more attractive and representative image of the quality of life, capable of compete with other enclaves or territories through this differentiation strategy. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	This allows us to offer an alternative culture, different and sometimes innovative that increases the cultural offer of the cities and regions. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	Since research on community arts programmes in general and national arts festivals in particular is at an early stage of development, the paper also offers some useful insights into the processes and outcomes through which older people can benefit from engagement with the arts, including the policy implications arising from participation. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	The purpose of the festival is to celebrate creativity in older age, highlighting older peoples current engagement in the arts and encouraging their continued and future participation. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	Develop and articulate a national policy for the arts in older age that acknowledges the potency of the arts to transform lives. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	In particular, we need more complex intervention studies to explore how creative expression and participation in arts programmes can enhance health and wellbeing for some people..
Tymoszuk U., Perkins R., Fancourt D., Williamon A.	Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between receptive arts engagement and loneliness among older adults	If replicated in future studies, these findings would suggest that those who manage places and spaces for arts engagement should, at the least, be aware of the potential for their venues to facilitate shared experiences and positive social interactions and, even better, direct their resources and programming toward facilitating such opportunities. .
Monsuez J.-J., François V., Ratiney R., Trinchet I., Polomeni P., Sebbane G., Muller S., Litout M., Castagno C., Frandji D.	Museum moving to inpatients: Le louvre à l’hôpital	It constitutes a valuable way to provide art activities for inpatients in large numbers. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	Findings: These benefits are perceived to include empowerment and meaning in life, which are two of the core principles of recovery; arts engagement can, therefore, be a useful tool in recovery. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	Empowerment The study shows that accessing cultural institutions can support feelings of empowerment for service users. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	Having access to arts engagements enables a creative process and a person-centred approach that values the uniqueness of the individual, which is important for the service users in this study. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	The findings in this study suggest that mental health service users experience a sense of empowerment by visiting museums/galleries and arts engagement. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	Valuing the diversity of the community encourages cultural institutions to attract a different public. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	Recognising that mental health service users benefit from arts engagement in terms of the CHIME categories identified, arts engagement can arguably play a vital role in the recovery process; it is possible to use arts engagement as a tool in recovery, given that it is placed within a framework, as arts engagement can add something unique to each personal and complex story and each journey, provided that it is facilitated adequately. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	Conclusion The findings show that engagement in arts can create a sense of meaning, purpose in life and empowerment, which are part of the conceptual framework, CHIME, which describes the human process of recovery. .
Fancourt D., Steptoe A.	Cultural engagement predicts changes in cognitive function in older adults over a 10 year period: Findings from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing	However, these are all examples of productive cultural activities. .
Roe B., McCormick S., Lucas T., Gallagher W., Winn A., Elkin S.	Coffee, Cake & Culture: Evaluation of an art for health programme for older people in the community	Arts and creative activities form part of social engagement/ involvement and social prescription for health, wellbeing and quality of life within communities. .
This special issue of Arts & Health seeks to help fill the current evidence gap by presenting a number of studies that contribute to a nuanced understanding of the relationship between cultural heritage engagement and a range of health and well-being outcomes. .
Wilson L., Bryant W., Reynolds F., Lawson J.	Therapeutic outcomes in a museum? “You dont get them by aiming for them”. How a focus on arts participation promotes inclusion and well-being	Conclusion: Developing similar projects would offer opportunities to foster diverse artistic communities and empower people with experiences of disability and mental health conditions. .
Morrison C.	Public Art Replacement on the Mapocho River: Erasure, Renewal, and a Conflict of Cultural Value in Santiago de Chile	Historical value of the stonework, in this light, is augmented through its artistic reinterpretation. .
Mantziou L.	Museum Cluster as Urban Defibrillator	Nowadays, the regeneration or the expansion of cultural-profile areas is of the highest importance in terms of the international presence of the city, its cultural status, its economic growth, the enhancement of its special national and historical profile. .
Booth K.	Thinking through lines: locating perception and experience in place	It is tied to the idea that by introducing arts and culture into communities identified as in deficit, cultural engagement will be facilitated and tangible positive social change will take place. .
Booth K.	Thinking through lines: locating perception and experience in place	Change, in effect, takes place through the filling up of this vacant space with arts and culture. .
Booth K.	Thinking through lines: locating perception and experience in place	Such accounts of place create a space, in effect, for imagining what a significant impact a new and large cultural institution would create. .
Booth K., O’Connor J.	Planning for creative effects: the Museum of Old and New Art	Key concepts when considering the social and cultural dimensions of creative effect may include indicators like the number of jobs created, the quality of such jobs, and levels of cultural engagement, as well as measures of local perceptions and experiences such as contributions of art and culture to sense of place and liveability. .
Booth K., O’Connor J.	Planning for creative effects: the Museum of Old and New Art	Access roots to cultural production rather than just consumption is a key indicator of equitable cultural planning. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	The proposed thesis is that the recovery of public space, configured by art and culture and shared with local community according to an inclusive approach, contribute to regenerate creativity, reconstructing the relationships between people, communities and landscape. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	In this process, art is a driver which acts on the creativity of local residents, stimulating their critical thinking, open-mindedness and design capacity, and leading them to accept diversity as an opportunity. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	From street art to site-specific installations, from poetry to theater up to live works, artistic experience, shared with local communities, become instrument to regenerate both the system of relations between people, which supports the definition of community, and the process of interaction between people and built environment. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	The proposed thesis is that the recovery of public space, configured by art and culture and shared with local community according to an inclusive approach, contributes to regenerate creativity, reconstructing the relationships between people, communities and landscape. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	In this process, art is a driver which acts on the creativity of local residents, stimulating their critical thinking, open-mindedness and design capacity, and leading them to accept diversity as an opportunity. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	An additional function is performed by the recovery of built heritage, creativity-core activities, which spreads and connects with the built heritage soliciting creative effects from art (see Figure 1). .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	The art manufacturing process, as well as the recovery of built environment, are both creative activities which, shared with local communities, stimulate individual and collective creativity. .
Collazo A.A.	Progress, mobility and Urban regeneration in a traditional neighbourhood: El Encino, Mexico	A sustainable city should consider the preservation of its cultural heritage sites. .
Cristina M., Loreta C., Daniel P., George M., Cristian D., Radu P.	The role of technical museums in the regeneration of industrial functionally, restructured regions (Romania)	The cultural regeneration of industrial towns also contributes to the creation of the towns touristic image. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	Conclusion: Participatory arts enable older people to express themselves creatively, and make meaningful contributions to their social relationships. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	CONCLUSION Participatory arts engage older people, enable them to express themselves creatively, connect with others including care home staff and provide the opportunity for them to make meaningful contributions to their social relationships in care homes. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	This could be delivered as part of arts programmes from external arts organisations, who should aim to leave a lasting legacy through their work to promote sustainability. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	It examines music participation as a determinant of wellbeing and as a transformative tool to impact on wider social, cultural and environmental conditions. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Thus, consideration of these three aspects that are broadly related to artistic and cultural influences, can contribute to broadening current understandings of SDOH and well-being. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	This learning was also characterised as enabling community members to better understand their culture, and further enable the storying of their culture. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	In terms of the current study, arts-based practices and the organisation of the Festival, in part, contributed towards relations within this community favourably impacted social capital. .
Gillam T.	Enhancing public mental health and wellbeing through creative arts participation	It is important creative arts activities should be participatory so they become a vehicle not only for self-expression but for participation in groups and communities, increasing connectedness and social inclusion. .
Gillam T.	Enhancing public mental health and wellbeing through creative arts participation	Intuitively - and judging by the evidence - participatory arts have great potential for individual and community wellbeing. .
Bridger A.J., Emmanouil S., Lawthom R.	Trace.space: a psychogeographical community project with members of an arts and health organisation	It is therefore important to suffuse the study of experience in context and to consider how such work can be connected with artistic and activist concerns with social change. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Jetten J., Rowan C.	Identification with arts-based groups improves mental wellbeing in adults with chronic mental health conditions	There is emerging evidence that social and mental wellbeing can be enhanced through participation in arts-based programmes. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Jetten J., Rowan C.	Identification with arts-based groups improves mental wellbeing in adults with chronic mental health conditions	One approach to developing meaningful social connections is through engagement in the arts, such as music, creative writing, drama and visual art. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	Participation in self-help groups, community organisations and arts activities can play an important role in this journey to recovery and well-being for people with mental health conditions. .
Habron J., Butterly F., Gordon I., Roebuck A.	Being well, being musical: Music composition as a resource and occupation for older people	For some, this process was emancipatory and showed the potential for using the creative arts in facilitating the reviewing of life challenges. .
Habron J., Butterly F., Gordon I., Roebuck A.	Being well, being musical: Music composition as a resource and occupation for older people	Music as a vehicle for creativity for older people Individual and collaborative music composition highlights the opportunities for creativity in arts-based interventions. .
Habron J., Butterly F., Gordon I., Roebuck A.	Being well, being musical: Music composition as a resource and occupation for older people	Development of personal resources Offering opportunities for creativity through music may be empowering, enabling people in later stages of life to begin to realise new and differing personal resources within accessible occupations, such as the creative expression through the arts. .
Habron J., Butterly F., Gordon I., Roebuck A.	Being well, being musical: Music composition as a resource and occupation for older people	Composing music also developed participants sense of themselves as learners and contributors to a creative medium. .
Stanczyk M.M.	Music therapy in supportive cancer care	Music therapy offers opportunities for self-expression and brings positive experiences. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	In the end, archaeological excavations have the power to transform a specific locally isolated geographical spot into a cultural heritage location with a lot of attention from different organisations. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	The aim of this program has been articulated by one of the program executives as Our goal was to put strategic outlines for cultural based community development that empower people to reshape their own cultural and inherited identity, people to become more actively responsible towards their cultural heritage, enhance their abilities to be able to protect their reach heritage and insure its sustainability as an important economic resource. .
Guachalla A.	Social inclusion and audience development at the Royal Opera House: a tourist perspective	However, appreciation for certain art forms can also be acquired if the individual is exposed and cultivated until they develop enthusiasm and interest in participating in cultural endeavours. .
Guachalla A.	Social inclusion and audience development at the Royal Opera House: a tourist perspective	The cultural tourist The frameworks above are useful in the understanding of the different phases involved in the task of developing audiences for the arts and the array of elements that influence these processes. .
Athens L.	Design for social sustainability at Seattles central library	Integrate meaningful artwork into the building that expresses cultural or environmental issues. .
Bonev I., Shimura S., Fricke H.H., Tsukamoto Y.	Design and construction methodology for de-institutional architecture: A case study on “Lakeside Dancers Club” at Horst Festival	The festival addresses the problems of the cultural heritage site introducing new dynamics and identity with arts, music and culture. .
Crespo-Martín B.	Regarding participatory contemporary art practices as catalysts of sociabilization Acerca de las prácticas artísticas participativas contemporáneas como catalizadoras de la sociabilización	The artistic practices of a participatory nature in contemporary art have led to their being constituted as catalysts for sociabilization per se. .
Thompson J., Day J.	Understanding the impact and value of temporary public art sculpture trails	The aesthetic and artistic values have a large impact on the fun enjoyed by the general public. .
Małuj J., Załuski D.	Emotional and Social Potential of Art in the City	Shared participation of artists and residents in shaping space through creative acts and artistic expression may contribute to greater satisfaction with the place of residence as well as a perceived increase in the quality of life. .
Małuj J., Załuski D.	Emotional and Social Potential of Art in the City	Creative acts and processes influence the sense of dignity and personal freedom and integrity, they may serve as a catalyst to unleash the residents' authenticity, creativity and agency. .
Małuj J., Załuski D.	Emotional and Social Potential of Art in the City	Educational and artistic activities have been selected to enhance local community activism. .
Brown K., Eernstman N., Huke A.R., Reding N.	The drama of resilience: Learning, doing, and sharing for sustainability	Clearly, the creative arts can play many important roles in research and practice in the resilience field. .
Goddard J.	Valuing the place of young people with learning disabilities in the arts	This has the potential to be adapted and developed as a reflexive tool for facilitators across disciplines, and also for participants, thus contributing to their development as artists in their own right. .
Vettraino E., Linds W., Jindal-Snape D.	Embodied voices: using applied theatre for co-creation with marginalised youth	Through this approach, artistic endeavours are recognised as parts of life that promote and sustain health and wellness. .
Vettraino E., Linds W., Jindal-Snape D.	Embodied voices: using applied theatre for co-creation with marginalised youth	This involves exploring relationships through the arts where the arts are both a research method and a programme that develops well-being. .
Vettraino E., Linds W., Jindal-Snape D.	Embodied voices: using applied theatre for co-creation with marginalised youth	Evidence would indicate that among the benefits of using the arts as an underpinning philosophy in working with young people is that there are increased levels of motivation, sense of self-efficacy and achievement, an enhanced ability to cope with diversity, uncertainty and change, as well as the enhancement of social skills and emotional development. .
Węziak-Białowolska D.	Attendance of cultural events and involvement with the arts—impact evaluation on health and well-being from a Swiss household panel survey	The authors believe, however, that this study may offer some insight for the assessment of the role of cultural events and popularity of creative engagement with the arts in shaping health promotion policy. .
Tyler N., Giles S., Daker-White G., McManus B.C., Panagioti M.	A patient and public involvement workshop using visual art and priority setting to provide patients with a voice to describe quality and safety concerns: Vitamin B12 deficiency and pernicious anaemia	Some valued the opportunity to explore and discuss their perspectives with other patients; which the artistic element helped facilitate. .
Newman A., Goulding A., Davenport B., Windle G.	The role of the visual arts in the resilience of people living with dementia in care homes	This created a multi-sensory environment that provided the stimulation for the work that was created. .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Joice S., Kroll T., Mead G., Donnan P., Toma M., Williams B.	Art participation for psychosocial wellbeing during stroke rehabilitation: a feasibility randomised controlled trial	Arts programmes led by professional artists focus on benefits to wellbeing through artwork creation, by enabling people to realise their creative potential. .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Joice S., Kroll T., Mead G., Donnan P., Toma M., Williams B.	Art participation for psychosocial wellbeing during stroke rehabilitation: a feasibility randomised controlled trial	Qualitative work to inform this study suggested art participation may foster positive resources that contribute to wellbeing, and guided outcome selection. .
Wyatt M., Liggett S.	The Potential of Painting: Unlocking Disenfranchised Grief for People Living With Dementia	Research needs not only to address causal relationships but also to investigate a deeper understanding of how arts practices function to promote well-being. .
Windle G., Joling K.J., Howson-Griffiths T., Woods B., Jones C.H., Van De Ven P.M., Newman A., Parkinson C.	The impact of a visual arts program on quality of life, communication, and well-being of people living with dementia: A mixed-methods longitudinal investigation	Practice implications Our research suggests that art and cultural organizations and community venues are ideally situated for delivering high quality, socially inclusive, and mentally stimulating activities. .
Secker J., Heydinrych K., Kent L., Keay J.	Why art? Exploring the contribution to mental well-being of the creative aspects and processes of visual art-making in an arts and mental health course	These benefits are amongst the significant outcomes identified in the previous evaluations of Open Arts, and this study illuminates the contribution of the creative process of playful experimentation to their achievement. .
Lee K.L., Mustaffa M.S., Tan S.Y.	Visual arts in counselling adults with depressive disorders	People from all ethnic backgrounds and cultures will benefit from the art approach if counsellors understand the cultural heritage of their clients visual arts. .
Young R., Camic P.M., Tischler V.	The impact of community-based arts and health interventions on cognition in people with dementia: A systematic literature review	One particular area where such research is emerging is the arts. .
Windle G., Gregory S., Newman A., Goulding A., OBrien D., Parkinson C.	Understanding the impact of visual arts interventions for people living with dementia: A realist review protocol	This suggests that visual arts interventions should be built on dynamic and responsive artistic practice (e.g. good skills and understanding) and they should create a provocative and stimulating aesthetic experience (e.g. be challenging and engaging, in an inspiring environment) which triggers the mechanisms that lead to well-being, quality of life, connectivity and social connectedness (see Figure 1). .
Goulding A.	How can contemporary art contribute toward the development of social and cultural capital for people aged 64 and older	Further evidence about the distinct contribution of different art forms to social capital and how this relates to well-being is needed. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	Participants described their art-making as enriching their mental life, promoting enjoyment of the sensuality of colour and texture, presenting new challenges, playful experimentation, and fresh ambitions. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	This review now focuses on the contribution of leisure activities to subjective well-being in later life, particularly activities that may be described as cultural and creative. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	Do cultural and creative occupations have a distinctive role to play in maintaining well-being in later life? .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	Creative challenges were valued for providing stimulation and opportunities to experience mastery. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	Some felt that their art forged wider connections with nature and the environment, as well as the social world outside their home. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	The tool for creative expression. .
Vakkari, P., ; Serola, S.,	Perceived outcomes of public libraries	Increased knowledge and relaxation are examples of the benefits the library creates for its users with its outputs. .
Redfield A.	An analysis of the experiences and integration of transpersonal phenomena induced by electronic dance music	As the findings in this study suggest, such states of consciousness have a beneficial impact on EDM participants lives, relationships, and psychological and physical health and wellbeing. .
Núñez S.	Medicinal drumming: An ancient and modern day healing approach	These ceremonies are multifaceted in nature and in broad terms serve to commune with cosmic consciousness; increase life-force energy; generate balance, alignment, inner peace; and enhance satisfaction with life. .
Imtiaz D., Anwar Y., Khan A.	Wearable sensors and a multisensory music and reminiscence therapies application: To help reduce behavioral and psychological symptoms in person with dementia	Implying a combination of music and reminiscence therapy can have a positive impact in the reduction of stress and agitation. .
Sextou P., Smith C.	Drama is for Life! Recreational Drama Activities for the Elderly in the UK	The setting is rearranged to serve the purpose of the sessions aiming at enjoyment, as well as having positive effects on their daily lives, including cognitive, physical and wellbeing benefits that can be achieved by participation. .
Ander, E.; Thomson, L.; Lanceley, A.; Menon, U.; Noble, G.	Heritage, Health and Wellbeing: Assessing the impact of a heritage focused intervention on health and wellbeing.	Participants reactions to handling museum objects gave an insight into why heritage objects in particular (rather than pictures or non-heritage objects) produce engagement, feelings (positive and negative) and wellbeing benefits. .
Ander, E.; Thomson, L.; Lanceley, A.; Menon, U.; Noble, G.	Heritage, Health and Wellbeing: Assessing the impact of a heritage focused intervention on health and wellbeing.	The multi-centre research also showed that a museum handling session is a versatile and accessible tool to improve wellbeing for long and short term patients, and sufferers of mental and physical ill health alike. .
Macrì, E.; Limoni, C.	Artistic activities and psychological well-being perceived by patients with spinal cord injury.	Artistic offerings are frequently integrated into the care pathways of patients hospitalised for treatment, in order to improve the patients physical and psychological health. .
Macrì, E.; Limoni, C.	Artistic activities and psychological well-being perceived by patients with spinal cord injury.	The goal is to reduce stress during the patients hospital stay, helping patients deal with the impact of hospitalisation and ill health and, more generally, by positively affecting levels of individual psychological well-being among patients. .
Macrì, E.; Limoni, C.	Artistic activities and psychological well-being perceived by patients with spinal cord injury.	Further research is required to achieve deeper insights and a better understanding of the relationship between the arts and the psychological well-being of patients. .
Bygren, L. O.; Johansson, S.,‑E.; Konlaan, B., B., Grjibovski, A., M.; Wilkinson, A., V.; Sjöström, M.	Attending cultural events and cancer mortality: A Swedish cohort study.	The health benefits associated with higher rates of cultural consumption could be a result of stress reduction and improved immune function. .
Bygren, L. O.; Johansson, S.,‑E.; Konlaan, B., B., Grjibovski, A., M.; Wilkinson, A., V.; Sjöström, M.	Attending cultural events and cancer mortality: A Swedish cohort study.	Taken as a whole, these results underscore the possibility that attending cultural events could serve as a buffer against stress and could promote immune function. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Participatory arts projects can also be empowering, and help people gain control over their lives sometimes, as with Acting Ups work with severely disabled people, in a very practical sense. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Health and well-being looks at health benefits and education through the arts, and at peoples enjoyment of life. .
Grossi, E., ; Sacco, P.L., ; Blessi, G.T., ; Cerutti, R.,	The Impact of Culture on the Individual Subjective Well-Being of the Italian Population: An Exploratory Study	Participating in the arts and experiencing culture on a somewhat regular basis can have physical, mental and social effects. .
Grossi, E., ; Sacco, P.L., ; Blessi, G.T., ; Buscema, M.,	The Interaction Between Culture, Health and Psychological Well-Being: Data Mining from the Italian Culture and Well-Being Project	The purpose of this study is to understand the impact of health status and cultural participation upon psychological well-being, with special attention to the interaction between patterns of cultural access and other factors known to affect psychological well-being. .
Grossi, E., ; Sacco, P.L., ; Blessi, G.T., ; Buscema, M.,	The Interaction Between Culture, Health and Psychological Well-Being: Data Mining from the Italian Culture and Well-Being Project	The explanation of this phenomenon could be that cultural access acts as a sort of modulator of the disease-associated psychological burden of the perceived loss of well-being. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	This community empowerment through the arts can alleviate some of the adverse excesses of globalization. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	The different studies that have pointed out the successful results of incorporating art activities into the health care environment have covered aspects of improving mental and physical health, reducing stress, anxiety, symptoms of depression, the need for care service and medication and increasing the odds of survival. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	This report was oriented toward community arts projects, and sought to appraise ways in which the arts positively affect childrens feelings of good health. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Next, political and institutional interventions have been made in recognition of the successful role of culture and arts in creating safer environments by reducing and preventing crime. .
Fancourt, D.; Steptoe, A.; Cadar, D.	Cultural engagement and cognitive reserve: museum attendance and dementia incidence over a 10-year period	Consequently, activities that are mentally engaging, enjoyable, stress-reducing and socially interactive could be protective against the development of dementia, and in light of this, there has been a call for the identification of more affordable multimodal public health interventions to decrease the risk of dementia for individuals.6 A multimodal activity that combines a number of protective factors (including intellectual stimulation, light physical activity, positive affect, relaxation and social engagement through interaction with staff, fellow visitors or friends) is visiting museums, art galleries and exhibitions (hereafter referred to as museums).7-9 Previous studies have incorporated visiting museums within definitions of leisure activities in dementia research,10 or looked at the broader impact of attendance on people with dementia, finding benefits for cognitive performance, well-being, quality of life, self-esteem and social support.11 .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Measuring changes in subjective well‑being from engagement in the arts, culture and sport	Their results suggest that cultural activities, including visiting exhibitions, attending the theatre, reading books and attending concerts, contribute significantly to higher levels of reported well-being. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The health-related studies focus more on how the use of arts in therapy aids both the caregiver (by relieving stress or improving performance) and the patient (by relieving the anxiety that procedures such as surgery can engender or helping those with particular physical disabilities). .
Hill Strategies , R.,	Social Effects of the Arts: Exploratory Statistical Evidence.	While there are many other factors that could play a significant role in the social indicators examined in the report, the positive findings regarding art gallery visitors indicate that there may indeed be a link between art gallery visits and positive social engagement. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	Participation in the arts can interrupt negative and destructive patterns, building confidence, self-esteem and self-discipline; arts workshops can offer a relatively neutral territory within which those from different backgrounds and with different agendas can explore diversity and commonality .
Thomson, L. J.; Lockyer, B.; Camic, P. M.; Chatterjee, H. J.	Effects of a museum-based social prescription intervention on quantitative measures of psychological wellbeing in older adults	Research has shown that museum spaces and the collections they house provide opportunities for positive social interactions, calming experiences, learning and acquisition of new skills, leading to increased self-esteem, sense of identity, inspiration and opportunities for meaning making, in addition to reduced social isolation and decreased anxiety.7 .
Thomson, L. J.; Lockyer, B.; Camic, P. M.; Chatterjee, H. J.	Effects of a museum-based social prescription intervention on quantitative measures of psychological wellbeing in older adults	The social resources engendered by the museum-based programme directly increased the positive affect demonstrated by significant improvements in the wellbeing emotions, and it is likely that physical health for some participants will also improve; one participant reported that since taking part in the museum programme they felt more positive about my life and health and more determined to keep up my practice of photography and painting that required a level of physical fitness as the participant had formed a meet-up group to go sketching in and around a contemporary art gallery. .
Morse, N.; Thomson, L.J.M.; Brown, Z.; Chatterjee, H.J.	Effects of creative museum outreach sessions on measures of confidence, sociability and well-being for mental health and addiction recovery service-users	Overall, this preliminary study contributes to understanding how museum activities can make a positive contribution to recovery for MH and AR service-users by evidencing the effects of museum sessions on confidence, sociability and well-being. .
Hacking, S.; Secker, J.; Spandler, H.; Kent, L.; Shenton, J.	Evaluating the impact of participatory art projects for people with mental health needs.	Participatory art projects for people with mental health needs typically claim outcomes such as improvements in confidence, selfesteem, social participation and mental health. .
Hacking, S.; Secker, J.; Spandler, H.; Kent, L.; Shenton, J.	Evaluating the impact of participatory art projects for people with mental health needs.	Strong correlation between scores on the CORE and the empowerment measure may constitute a positive indication that art and mental health projects can benefit people with greater mental health needs as well as those with lower levels of need. .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	Results: The studies document that participation in activities in a spectrum from clinical arts interventions to non-clinical participatory arts programmes is beneficial and an effective way of using engagement in the arts to promote holistic approaches with health benefits. .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	Engagement in specially designed arts activities or arts therapies can reduce physical symptoms and improve mental health issues. .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	The mental health benefits of participatory arts are highlighted in numerous reports and reviews.2-4 Furthermore, there is a growing international evidence base showing the impact that the arts have on health and wellbeing of communities and individuals.5 .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	By suggesting that engagement in arts activities can be useful tools to address some of the global mental health challenging identified by WHO and other research, this article will focus on the various results from projects within a spectrum from clinical arts therapies to non-clinical participatory arts programmes associated with mental health benefits, for a range of populations including persons with physical ill health or mental health problems and health professionals. .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	The study showed that using art therapy could be an important strategy for controlling chronic disease as well as contributing to a feeling of reduced pain and increased wellbeing in women with chronic pain.18 In summary, there is good evidence that participation in meaningful creative activities can lead to improved mental health. .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	Non-clinical programmes: AOP There is good and variable documentation and evidence showing that non-clinical engagement in arts, culture and creative activities can increase mental health wellbeing of individuals who are experiencing mental health problems. .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	Despite some methodological limitations in the studies studied, it was found that the majority of staff members in the studies felt that engagement in art and cultural activities had a positive impact on health and wellbeing of patients. .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	CONCLUSION The selected studies document that engagement and participation in the arts - in a spectrum from clinical art therapy interventions to non-clinical, specially designed arts activities - can be effective ways of using non-medical interventions to promote holistic approaches with mental health benefits. .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	Arts activities have been documented as holistic, non-medical, low-cost interventions with the potential of promoting public mental health and wellbeing..
Walmsley, B.,	Deep hanging out in the arts: an anthropological approach to capturing cultural value	The arts seemed to provide an ideal vehicle for both participants and audiences to conceive of their anxieties in alternative ways and forms, and to explore them through different modes and lenses in order to effect change and heal. .
Walmsley, B.,	Deep hanging out in the arts: an anthropological approach to capturing cultural value	The fact that most of our co-researchers had been actively encouraged to engage in the arts as therapy was also significant in that it had visibly trained them to reflect on their artistic engagement and to consider this as a vehicle for wellness. .
Walmsley, B.,	Deep hanging out in the arts: an anthropological approach to capturing cultural value	Hanging out with our participants confirmed the positive role the arts can play in promoting positive mental health and wellbeing, and reflected Schopenhauers vision of the arts as a source of release and refuge from the anguish of everyday life. .
Fancourt D., Baxter L., Lorencatto F.	Barriers and enablers to engagement in participatory arts activities amongst individuals with depression and anxiety: Quantitative analyses using a behaviour change framework	Background: There is a large literature on the health benefits of engagement with the arts. .
Fancourt D., Baxter L., Lorencatto F.	Barriers and enablers to engagement in participatory arts activities amongst individuals with depression and anxiety: Quantitative analyses using a behaviour change framework	There is a large literature on the health benefits of engagement with the arts for mental health and wellbeing 1 . .
Fancourt D., Baxter L., Lorencatto F.	Barriers and enablers to engagement in participatory arts activities amongst individuals with depression and anxiety: Quantitative analyses using a behaviour change framework	This suggests that if certain factors could be addressed, people with poor mental health could be encouraged to engage more in arts activities. .
Fancourt D., Baxter L., Lorencatto F.	Barriers and enablers to engagement in participatory arts activities amongst individuals with depression and anxiety: Quantitative analyses using a behaviour change framework	Given the breadth of research showing the benefits of arts activities for improving symptoms of depression and anxiety and enhancing wellbeing, future studies are encouraged to explore whether behaviour change interventions could reduce inequities in participation..
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	In focusing upon processes and products of art-making, these social interactions helped to strengthen a sense of self that was not, within that art-making space, solely defined by caregiving, or burdened by everyday problems. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	Museums and art galleries are being increasingly recognised as having a role to play in promoting well-being, being rich in cultural heritage, offering a sanctuary from everyday stress and promoting cognitive and emotional exploration in a non-stigmatising setting (Camic and Chatterjee, 2013). .
Abbing A., Ponstein A., van Hooren S., de Sonneville L., Swaab H., Baars E.	The effectiveness of art therapy for anxiety in adults: A systematic review of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials	In conclusion, these findings lead us to expect that art therapy may be effective in the treatment of anxiety in adults as it may improve stress regulation, cognitive regulation and emotion regulation. .
Abbing A., Ponstein A., van Hooren S., de Sonneville L., Swaab H., Baars E.	The effectiveness of art therapy for anxiety in adults: A systematic review of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials	The described or hypothesized working mechanisms of art making are: induction of relaxation; working on emotion regulation by creating the safe condition for conscious expression and exploration of difficult emotions, memories and trauma; and working on cognitive regulation by using the art process to open up possibilities to investigate and (positively) change (unconscious) cognitions, beliefs and thoughts. .
Mckenzie M., Hutton T.	Culture-led Regeneration in the Post-industrial Built Environment: Complements and Contradictions in Victory Square, Vancouver	It must always be kept in mind that by increasing the access to arts and culture, it is possible to reduce the social and economic inequalities, and to create awareness and sense of belonging in the society and particularly in the local community. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	Historically, the performing arts have been vitally important not only to individuals in ill-health, but also an important contributor to the wellbeing and health maintenance of individuals without preexisting health, behavioural, or social issues. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	Further evidence suggests that music participation can contribute to building social capital as well as combating social isolation, which is important to good wellbeing and health across cultures and age-groups. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	Performing arts participation crucially relates to social determinants of health, particularly from the perspective of building social and cultural capital, encouraging healthy behaviours such as physical exercise and management of stress and mental health, and reducing social isolation. .
Funaro M.C., Rojiani R., Norton M.J.	Improving community well-being through collaborative initiatives at a medical library	Reasons for attending the sessions also varied, with the most common being to reduce stress or anxiety, to improve general well-being, and to develop a more positive outlook on life. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	There is evidence that participating in arts programmes within various care settings can have beneficial impacts on the physical health of patients and on their psychological wellbeing (Staricoff 2004). .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	Psychological benefits - gives meaning and purpose to life, reduces loneliness, combats depression. .
Twedt E., Proffitt D.R., Hearn D.L.	Art and aging: Digital projects for individuals with dementia	One method of reducing subjectively reported stress and improving mood for patients in healthcare settings is to modify the environment to include elements of nature and art. .
Beauchet O., Cooper-Brown L., Hayashi Y., Galery K., Vilcocq C., Bastien T.	Effects of thursdays at the Museum at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts on the mental and physical health of older community dwellers: The art-health randomized clinical trial protocol	Discussion: Art-based activities carried out at museums have been receiving increased interest from researchers and policy-makers because of their benefits to mental and physical health. .
Beauchet O., Cooper-Brown L., Hayashi Y., Galery K., Vilcocq C., Bastien T.	Effects of thursdays at the Museum at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts on the mental and physical health of older community dwellers: The art-health randomized clinical trial protocol	It has been shown that participatory art-based activities may improve aspects of mental health such as positive emotions and self-esteem 3-6 . .
Beauchet O., Cooper-Brown L., Hayashi Y., Galery K., Vilcocq C., Bastien T.	Effects of thursdays at the Museum at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts on the mental and physical health of older community dwellers: The art-health randomized clinical trial protocol	Art-based activities help patients, regardless of their disease, to build a sense of self, transforming the illness experience into a positive experience and improving patients well-being and quality of life 5-8 . .
Beauchet O., Cooper-Brown L., Hayashi Y., Galery K., Vilcocq C., Bastien T.	Effects of thursdays at the Museum at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts on the mental and physical health of older community dwellers: The art-health randomized clinical trial protocol	These mental and physical health benefits suggest that art-based activities may be effective interventions for frailty prevention in older community-dwellers. .
Tymoszuk U., Perkins R., Fancourt D., Williamon A.	Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between receptive arts engagement and loneliness among older adults	The evidence to date indicates that arts engagement in older age may serve as a multimodal intervention helping to prevent loneliness and enhance social interactions alongside other aspects of well-being and health. .
Rogers N.T., Fancourt D.	Cultural Engagement Is a Risk-Reducing Factor for Frailty Incidence and Progression	As studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of cultural engagement (including visiting museums/theatre/cinema) for many of the components of frailty, this study sought to explore whether community cultural engagement is associated both with a reduced risk of becoming frail and a slower trajectory of frailty progression in older adults. .
Konrath S.	Museums as Weavers of the Invisible Strings that Connect us	It then suggests that art museums can play a critical role in helping communities re-connect, by reenvisioning their roles as meaning makers in atime when peoples existential needs are threatened. .
Fancourt D., Steptoe A.	Cultural engagement and mental health: Does socio-economic status explain the association?	There is a growing body of literature suggesting that the arts can support mental health. .
Mastandrea S., Maricchiolo F., Carrus G., Giovannelli I., Giuliani V., Berardi D.	Visits to figurative art museums may lower blood pressure and stress	Background The research aimed to assess, through physiological measurements such as blood pressure and heart rate, whether exposure to art museums and to different art styles (figurative vs. modern art) was able to enhance visitors well-being in terms of relaxing and stress reduction. .
Monsuez J.-J., François V., Ratiney R., Trinchet I., Polomeni P., Sebbane G., Muller S., Litout M., Castagno C., Frandji D.	Museum moving to inpatients: Le louvre à l’hôpital	4. Discussion Art, music, cultural programs, and participatory-based art interventions have been shown to provide opportunities to enhance quality of life and to reduce hospital-related anxiety and depression in a large panel of inpatients 11-13 . .
Koebner I.J., Fishman S.M., Paterniti D., Sommer D., Witt C.M., Ward D., Joseph J.G.	The art of analgesia: A pilot study of art museum tours to decrease pain and social disconnection among individuals with chronic pain	One possibility is to develop interventions that target the social context in which pain is suffered through public health partnerships with organizations outside of the health care sector that may facilitate a sense of social connection, such as museums. .
Koebner I.J., Fishman S.M., Paterniti D., Sommer D., Witt C.M., Ward D., Joseph J.G.	The art of analgesia: A pilot study of art museum tours to decrease pain and social disconnection among individuals with chronic pain	In addition, given the observation that pain can be modulated at cortical levels by the aesthetic content of stimuli, the museums art collection itself may help to reduce pain 24 . .
Koebner I.J., Fishman S.M., Paterniti D., Sommer D., Witt C.M., Ward D., Joseph J.G.	The art of analgesia: A pilot study of art museum tours to decrease pain and social disconnection among individuals with chronic pain	Although ambulation in any context may aggravate certain pain conditions, considering the potential of museums to facilitate a sense of social connection and that social connection may have analgesic properties 9-11,25 , we hypothesize that tours of a museum offered to individuals with chronic pain may decrease perceived social disconnection and pain. .
Koebner I.J., Fishman S.M., Paterniti D., Sommer D., Witt C.M., Ward D., Joseph J.G.	The art of analgesia: A pilot study of art museum tours to decrease pain and social disconnection among individuals with chronic pain	Socially based interventions for individuals with chronic pain supported by health care organizations, such as Art Rx, may help to mitigate not only the experience of isolation, but also the distressing associations that many individuals with chronic pain have with the health care system. .
Morse N., Chatterjee H.	Museums, health and wellbeing research: co-developing a new observational method for people with dementia in hospital contexts	Museum-based activities for wellbeing broadly include supported museum visiting, object handling, volunteering and a range of creative activities inspired from the sectors wide-ranging museum collections, from art making to performing arts and music. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	Purpose: Arts and cultural activities have been illustrated to be beneficial for mental health service users. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	The purpose of this paper is to explore the benefits of museum visits and engage in arts activities for mental health service users. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	Many studies have illustrated that users of mental health services experience a range of benefits from engagement in arts activities. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	It aims to highlight the benefits and challenges for mental health service users engaging in arts activities and to understand some of the issues that may occur in practice in the interdisciplinary field of arts and health. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	When asked about visiting a museum, it was commented on as being inspirational, useful and positive as part of a recovery for mental health service users. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	Additionally, the comment offered by another service user, describing how arts engagement had stopped her suicidal thoughts, further illustrates that engagement in arts has the ability to create meaning in life. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	These findings illustrate that engaging in arts activities allows a healthy disconnection from concerns and can combat negative thoughts, resulting in health rewards such as relaxation, entering a flow, and making new connections where none existed before which can empower the individual. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	In this way, interdisciplinary collaborations between health and the arts can promote recovery, given that the professionals involved understand recovery and, as a minimum, have basic mental health awareness..
Mastandrea S., Fagioli S., Biasi V.	Art and psychological well-being: Linking the brain to the aesthetic emotion	Empirical studies suggest that art improves health and well-being among individuals. .
Mastandrea S., Fagioli S., Biasi V.	Art and psychological well-being: Linking the brain to the aesthetic emotion	Linking the Brain to Aesthetic Experience The studies reviewed so far demonstrated that the aesthetic value of artwork and their use in educational programs may affect psychological and physiological states, thus promoting well-being and enhancing learning. .
Mastandrea S., Fagioli S., Biasi V.	Art and psychological well-being: Linking the brain to the aesthetic emotion	Nevertheless, these different approaches to aesthetic evaluation may have different implications for a strategic use of art as tool for promoting well-being and health. .
Mastandrea S., Fagioli S., Biasi V.	Art and psychological well-being: Linking the brain to the aesthetic emotion	Deeper understanding of the dynamic relationship between bottom-up stimulus properties and top-down cognitive appraisal on emotional experience during the aesthetic appreciation of an artwork might be useful to effective use of art-based tools for promoting individual health and well-being. .
Saavedra J., Arias S., Crawford P., Pérez E.	Impact of creative workshops for people with severe mental health problems: art as a means of recovery	Conclusions: Creative activities may cause a transformation of the image of dysfunction associated with mental illness as well as promoting health and recovery. .
Saavedra J., Arias S., Crawford P., Pérez E.	Impact of creative workshops for people with severe mental health problems: art as a means of recovery	Giving art as a present or guiding others in a museum visit are activities that motivate, increase their self-esteem and can help re-elaborate their identity. .
Saavedra J., Arias S., Crawford P., Pérez E.	Impact of creative workshops for people with severe mental health problems: art as a means of recovery	The joined-up approaches to participation from community groups, professionals and service users in creative practices in non-clinical contexts could reduce public stigma and improve their psychological well-being (mutual recovery). .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	The present study sought to understand, how museum-based social prescribing programs reduced social isolation for older people, by determining the specific elements and processes involved, and how these interacted to create a social and physical environment that enhanced psychological wellbeing. .
Wilson L., Bryant W., Reynolds F., Lawson J.	Therapeutic outcomes in a museum? “You dont get them by aiming for them”. How a focus on arts participation promotes inclusion and well-being	This raises interesting questions about the emphasis of community arts projects when used to promote health and wellbeing. .
Wilson L., Bryant W., Reynolds F., Lawson J.	Therapeutic outcomes in a museum? “You dont get them by aiming for them”. How a focus on arts participation promotes inclusion and well-being	For example, providing mental health awareness training for the museum staff proved most valuable. .
Ketch R.A., Rubin R.T., Baker M.R., Sones A.C., Ames D.	Art appreciation for veterans with severe mental illness in a VA Psychosocial Rehabilitation and Recovery Center	The Art Appreciation class offers the opportunity to further investigate art appreciation as a vehicle for psychological growth and improved mental health. .
Paddon H.L., Thomson L.J.M., Menon U., Lanceley A.E., Chatterjee H.J.	Mixed methods evaluation of well-being benefits derived from a heritage-in-health intervention with hospital patients	Thus, addressing meaning may be a fruitful approach to clinical interventions aimed at helping people recover from these highly stressful experiences. .
Ander E.E., Thomson L.J.M., Blair K., Noble G., Menon U., Lanceley A., Chatterjee H.J.	Using museum objects to improve wellbeing in mental health service users and neurological rehabilitation clients	This research employed museum object handling to enhance health and wellbeing, with the aim of examining the impact of the sessions on emotions, feelings and life experiences, as encouraged through tactile interaction with museum objects. .
Ander E.E., Thomson L.J.M., Blair K., Noble G., Menon U., Lanceley A., Chatterjee H.J.	Using museum objects to improve wellbeing in mental health service users and neurological rehabilitation clients	In line with Symonss et als (2011) research, involving participants with neurological conditions undergoing rehabilitation using art materials, engagement with museum objects helped to increase enjoyment and positive emotion for around two-thirds of the clients in this study. .
Deane K., Fitch M., Carman M.	An innovative art therapy program for cancer patients.	Evaluation of the art therapy/museum education program demonstrated many benefits for cancer patients including support, psychological strength, and new insights about their cancer experience..
Deane K., Fitch M., Carman M.	An innovative art therapy program for cancer patients.	Art therapy helped them both to reflect on difficult or negative thoughts and to nurture positive feelings about themselves. .
Deane K., Fitch M., Carman M.	An innovative art therapy program for cancer patients.	The art therapy program facilitated their identification and exploration of deeper feelings and strengthened their ability to balance their cancer experience with other aspects of their lives: I think art... il's a very sublie process. .
Camic P.M., Baker E.L., Tischler V.	Theorizing how art gallery interventions impact people with dementia and their caregivers	Enjoyable, intellectually stimulating activities, such as viewing and making visual art, engaged both those with dementia and caregivers, thus providing an activity that they participated in together and which had a positive impact on their relationship. .
Camic P.M., Baker E.L., Tischler V.	Theorizing how art gallery interventions impact people with dementia and their caregivers	Offering programs to people with dementia, in a valued place such as an art gallery, facilitated intellectual stimulation, and social interaction, which in turn helped to promote positive affect, relational benefits, and changed perceptions of dementia. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	Finally, arts enabled older people of all capacities to engage in meaningful social participation and make a valued contribution to their relationships and communities, indicating the potential of participatory arts to alleviate loneliness and social isolation experienced in care homes. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	In addition, residents with cognitive impairments were able to express themselves through the arts, which may make it easier for them to engage with others. .
Curtis A., Gibson L., O’Brien M., Roe B.	Systematic review of the impact of arts for health activities on health, wellbeing and quality of life of older people living in care homes	There is also evidence that arts for health activities may be particularly beneficial for those with existing clinical need, such as pre-existing depression and anxiety. .
Boyce M., Bungay H., Munn-Giddings C., Wilson C.	The impact of the arts in healthcare on patients and service users: A critical review	There is evidence that arts interventions have positive effects on psychological and physiological outcomes on patients in a hospital environment. .
Boyce M., Bungay H., Munn-Giddings C., Wilson C.	The impact of the arts in healthcare on patients and service users: A critical review	The findings from this review further support the growing body of evidence that strongly attests to the benefits and positive impact on the health and well-being of patients/ service users in introducing arts activities into a variety of healthcare settings. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Working from the belief that art is a healing tool, the Downtown Eastside Centre for the Arts has created opportunities to affect personal change by providing guided art practice in a safe and supportive setting. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Consequently, researchers and others have recognised the potential for the arts to encourage positive health outcomes by providing effective treatment and support to alleviate health issues while also protecting against future ill health. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The earlier mentioned studies provide a preliminary knowledge base to understand how participating in the arts can encourage favourable individual and family level health behaviours, and access to culturally safe services. .
Vetter D., Barth J., Uyulmaz S., Uyulmaz S., Vonlanthen R., Belli G., Montorsi M., Bismuth H., Witt C.M., Clavien P.-A.	Effects of art on surgical patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis	Thus, if a change in environment can achieve such an impact, the effect of many art features and interventions on patients might also contribute to positive health outcomes. .
Gillam T.	Enhancing public mental health and wellbeing through creative arts participation	If we apply this to the arts, it is easy to see how participation in arts activities might promote both a positive state of mind and body and a sense of connection with people, communities and the wider environment. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Jetten J., Rowan C.	Identification with arts-based groups improves mental wellbeing in adults with chronic mental health conditions	This study indicates that engaging in programmes run by arts professionals is an accessible and enjoyable way for people with CMHC to make meaningful social connections and enhance their wellbeing which could facilitate social recovery (Tew et al., 2012). .
Vettraino E., Linds W., Jindal-Snape D.	Embodied voices: using applied theatre for co-creation with marginalised youth	Preliminary findings from this study appear to support the broader literature base around the arts as beneficial approaches to affecting positive change and behaviours around well-being. .
Węziak-Białowolska D.	Attendance of cultural events and involvement with the arts—impact evaluation on health and well-being from a Swiss household panel survey	Introduction There is a strong argument for engagement in the creative cultural activities as beneficial for health and well-being.1e4 Active cultural participation has been shown to be, not only strongly associated with healthy behaviour3 and mental well-being3e5 but also to convey health promotion messages6 and reduce social exclusion.6,7 Passive cultural participation, by comparison, proved to be effective in stress and anxietyreduction therapies for coronary disease patients (listening to music),8 associated with lower cancer-related mortality,9 lower cardiovascular risk3 and better mental well-being3 leading to improved social engagement.6,10 Despite strong advocacy for, and widespread acceptance of, creative cultural activities and cultural attendance as determinants for mental and physical health, as well as for well-being11 and social inclusion,7,11 to the best of our knowledge, reported evaluations of a causative influence of creative engagement with the arts or passive cultural participation on population health and well-being with the survey data are scarce. .
Bunn C., Kalinga C., Mtema O., Abdulla S., DIllip A., Lwanda J., Mtenga S.M., Sharp J., Strachan Z., Gray C.M.	Arts-based approaches to promoting health in sub-Saharan Africa: A scoping review	As well as offering novel modes of enquiry and reaching large populations, some arts-based approaches have been able to succeed in engaging their participants in changes which are beneficial for health. .
Clapp L.A., Taylor E.P., Di Folco S., Mackinnon V.L.	Effectiveness of art therapy with pediatric populations affected by medical health conditions: a systematic review	The use of visual art therapy interventions within health care and clinical settings serve to promote psychological health for young patients in an environment which may indirectly affect and cause mental distress. .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Joice S., Kroll T., Mead G., Donnan P., Toma M., Williams B.	Art participation for psychosocial wellbeing during stroke rehabilitation: a feasibility randomised controlled trial	Art participation as part of rehabilitation may improve some aspects of post-stroke wellbeing, including positive affect and self-efficacy for art. .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Joice S., Kroll T., Mead G., Donnan P., Toma M., Williams B.	Art participation for psychosocial wellbeing during stroke rehabilitation: a feasibility randomised controlled trial	Models of psychological care after stroke 11 suggest activities including art participation within stroke rehabilitation, may enhance wellbeing, preventing escalation to more serious psychological problems. .
Secker J., Heydinrych K., Kent L., Keay J.	Why art? Exploring the contribution to mental well-being of the creative aspects and processes of visual art-making in an arts and mental health course	It therefore seems reasonable to conclude that the creative aspects of art courses did play an important part in improving participants mental well-being, in addition to any benefits derived from the social interaction involved in such courses. .
Nielsen S.L., Fich L.B., Roesslerb K.K., Mullins M.F.	How do patients actually experience and use art in hospitals? The significance of interaction: A user-oriented experimental case study	The study shows that art contributes to creating an environment and atmosphere where patients can feel safe, socialize, maintain a connection to the world outside the hospital and support their identity. .
Nielsen S.L., Fich L.B., Roesslerb K.K., Mullins M.F.	How do patients actually experience and use art in hospitals? The significance of interaction: A user-oriented experimental case study	Patients experienced that art had the potential to positively distract them from uncomfortable situations of illness, by directly addressing their memories of themselves as individual, social and cultural beings. .
Goulding A.	How can contemporary art contribute toward the development of social and cultural capital for people aged 64 and older	This group may be particularly vulnerable in terms of well-being; so, more needs to be known about ways in which arts interventions can improve their lives. .
Lankston L., Cusack P., Fremantle C., Isles C.	Visual art in hospitals: Case studies and review of the evidence	We were particularly interested in the evidence that carefully chosen visual art might improve patient wellbeing or even outcomes. .
Lankston L., Cusack P., Fremantle C., Isles C.	Visual art in hospitals: Case studies and review of the evidence	There is, moreover, considerable evidence that mental health can be improved by participation in arts projects (see www.artfull.org). .
Garrido, Gemma et al 2016	Music & Wellbeing	Facilitating contact between people with and without mental illness by creating a common artistic project prevents social isolation of SMI and promotes the wellbeing..
Ander, E.; Thomson, L.; Lanceley, A.; Menon, U.; Noble, G.	Heritage, Health and Wellbeing: Assessing the impact of a heritage focused intervention on health and wellbeing.	Their research has resulted in the articulation of the Interactive Learning Model which proposes that the physical environment, the social context, the personal background of the museum visitor and subsequent experiences, all affect the learning that happens during a museum visit. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	We saw the project as an opportunity to educate our team more in these areas as well as to create new opportunities for artists within our influence. .
Sandell, R.,	Social inclusion, the museum and the dynamics of sectoral change.	Recent research suggests that museums can contribute towards social inclusion at individual, community and societal levels. .
Sandell, R.,	Social inclusion, the museum and the dynamics of sectoral change.	At a community level, museums can act as a catalyst for social regeneration, empowering communities to increase their self-determination and develop the confidence and skills to take greater control over their lives and the development of the neighbourhoods in which they live. .
Sandell, R.,	Social inclusion, the museum and the dynamics of sectoral change.	What are the characteristics held by those museums that have successfully engaged with issues of social inclusion and how can these be developed and built upon throughout the sector? .
Thomson, L. J.; Lockyer, B.; Camic, P. M.; Chatterjee, H. J.	Effects of a museum-based social prescription intervention on quantitative measures of psychological wellbeing in older adults	When interviewed, many participants highlighted the opportunity to handle museum objects and engage with collections and curators; they commented on learning new information and being absorbed by it, and acquiring new skills, which could account for increases in the absorbed and enlightened items of the measure. .
Thomson, L. J.; Lockyer, B.; Camic, P. M.; Chatterjee, H. J.	Effects of a museum-based social prescription intervention on quantitative measures of psychological wellbeing in older adults	Many museums have skills and expertise suitable for wider audiences such as disadvantaged, vulnerable and older adults and can provide access-appropriate community spaces within inspirational environments. .
Thomson, L. J.; Lockyer, B.; Camic, P. M.; Chatterjee, H. J.	Effects of a museum-based social prescription intervention on quantitative measures of psychological wellbeing in older adults	Participants in the Museums on Prescription study rated highly the experiences of feeling absorbed and enlightened by the sessions and commented on the opportunities afforded by the museum-based activities to acquire new learning and develop new skills. .
Morse, N.; Thomson, L.J.M.; Brown, Z.; Chatterjee, H.J.	Effects of creative museum outreach sessions on measures of confidence, sociability and well-being for mental health and addiction recovery service-users	The central aims were to facilitate positive opportunities for participants and develop new museum audiences. .
Horton, S., ; Spence, J.,	Scoping the economic and social impact of archives.	The professional cohort were also deeply aware of the potential for museums to contribute to social change and public awareness, in meeting social inclusion agendas. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	Here it is important to also acknowledge the variety of different museum audiences, in order to explore the ways in which different visitors use museums. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	They may also be understood as attempts to make social history accessible and relevant to the different audiences that these museums aim to attract. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	More broadly these initiatives can be seen as part of a changing emphasis within museums aiming not just to care for and display their existing collections but to mount exhibitions which better reflect the social worlds of their visitors. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	It was through the visitors engagement with the material that additional meaning-making was produced. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	One intention was that it would attract visitors to the museum who were engaged by the ideas and approach of the project. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	If museums are to facilitate greater social inclusion and sustain the interest of a wider range of visiting publics then their collections and exhibitions need to be inclusive and relevant to these different audiences. .
Biondi L., Demartini P., Marchegiani L., Marchiori M., Piber M.	Understanding orchestrated participatory cultural initiatives: Mapping the dynamics of governance and participation	Furthermore, cultural professionals, urban and regional planners, policy makers, institutions and citizens get new insights for designing and managing cultural projects. .
Thomson L.J., Morse N., Elsden E., Chatterjee H.J.	Art, nature and mental health: assessing the biopsychosocial effects of a ‘creative green prescription’ museum programme involving horticulture, artmaking and collections	At the same time, there is some indication that this unique combination of physical and creative activities, and the outdoor and indoor museum spaces, may allow for additional benefits, as participants were able to engage in individual and group pursuits. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	Lotte sees museums as places for both visual learning, stimulation of new ideas for her own artwork and as a source for gaining new knowledge. .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	Museum as a positive enabler Museum programs within a welcoming and stimulating place enabled new experiences, relational processes and individual journeys; the facilitator, physical space and activities were all contributors in this process. .
Roe B., McCormick S., Lucas T., Gallagher W., Winn A., Elkin S.	Coffee, Cake & Culture: Evaluation of an art for health programme for older people in the community	The programme was part of the emerging work of the gallery and museum (in-reach and out-reach) with the community to promote access to their collections, share knowledge and learning, social engagement and participation in cultural and creative arts activities. .
Expansion of this evidence base is crucial if museums, and the wider cultural sector, are to demonstrate their value to society in the health and well-being arena, but considerable opportunities, as well as challenges, exist for such organisations and their audiences if they choose to adapt and expand their offerings..
Ketch R.A., Rubin R.T., Baker M.R., Sones A.C., Ames D.	Art appreciation for veterans with severe mental illness in a VA Psychosocial Rehabilitation and Recovery Center	This experience introduces veterans to museums to view original art first-hand and to consider the museums as community resources for further exploration on their own. .
Ander E.E., Thomson L.J.M., Blair K., Noble G., Menon U., Lanceley A., Chatterjee H.J.	Using museum objects to improve wellbeing in mental health service users and neurological rehabilitation clients	Similarly, discussing and handling museum objects with others, and contributing associated personal knowledge or life experiences, could help endorse a sense of achievement and increased confidence in participants, in addition to positive emotions such as self esteem. .
Camic P.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museums and art galleries as partners for public health interventions	Museums can be places that encourage people to learn about themselves, their culture and society, and the larger world around them. .
Rocha V., Schall V.T., Lemos E.D.S.	The contribution of a science museum towards formation of healthcare concepts among young visitors A contribuição de um museu de ciências na formação de concepções sobre saúde de jovens visitantes	We can consider , for means of evidence found , that the museum contributed offering an environment favorable to the exchange of meanings important for understanding content related to science , health and environment what facilitated learning . .
Mantziou L.	Museum Cluster as Urban Defibrillator	The urban design of museum clusters redefines the public space and potentially enhances the social, cultural and economic development of the city. .
Cristina M., Loreta C., Daniel P., George M., Cristian D., Radu P.	The role of technical museums in the regeneration of industrial functionally, restructured regions (Romania)	Thus, technical museums become a means of conveying a positive image of industrial towns, which can evolve towards a higher level of efficiency, and become cultural tourist centers and at the same time sources of definition of the local culture for future generations. .
Dean C., Donnellan C., Pratt A.C.	Tate Modern: Pushing the limits of regeneration	In doing so, a new type of a museum was created accessible to a wide audience and that offers a broad visual and cultural experience. .
Langdridge D., Gabb J., Lawson J.	Art as a pathway to impact: Understanding the affective experience of public engagement with film	These insights are valuable for improving our own work in engaging different publics and also may assist other researchers who might want to employ similar methods in their own impact activities. .
Johansson E.L., Isgren E.	Local perceptions of land-use change: Using participatory art to reveal direct and indirect socioenvironmental effects of land acquisitions in Kilombero Valley, Tanzania	Art in participatory research Art and science both attempt to capture the world around us in creative and innovative ways to create novel knowledge and awareness. .
Secker J., Heydinrych K., Kent L., Keay J.	Why art? Exploring the contribution to mental well-being of the creative aspects and processes of visual art-making in an arts and mental health course	As well as enabling the group to bond through spending a full day together, the visit aims to broaden perceptions of what a gallery can offer and what participants themselves can achieve through exploring exhibits and discussion of individual art practice. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	The cultural activities provide opportunities to enjoy public areas, to interact and to meet new people. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	In turn, a few reports found that social interaction and contact stimulated through engagement in the arts helps to develop trust with others and to establish networks. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	In general, cultural activities are claimed to provide opportunities to enjoy public areas, to interact and to meet new people. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Additionally, by enrolling in leisure and cultural activities social interaction among different users of the centres is also stimulated. .
Montalto, V., ; Campagna, D., ; Caperna, G.,	Does Culture Make a Better Citizen? Exploring the Relationship Between Cultural and Civic Participation in Italy	At operational level, the development of strategic partnerships between civil society organisations, on the one hand, and innovative cultural and creative organisations, on the other, could help approach new audiences as well as strengthen the virtuous cycle that links cultural participation and civic life. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	Being involved in cultural pursuits similar to peers and thus being able to communicate and socialize with them seem important in college students context. .
Fancourt, D.; Steptoe, A.; Cadar, D.	Cultural engagement and cognitive reserve: museum attendance and dementia incidence over a 10-year period	Further, visiting museums can be seen as a specific type of social engagement: visiting can reduce perceived isolation by encouraging people to leave their homes, it is an activity that is frequently a focal point for meeting family/friends, and even if people attend alone, there is casual social contact with museum staff and/or other visitors. .
Delanaey, L., ; Keaney, E.,	Cultural Participation, Social Capital and Civil Renewal in the United Kingdom: Statistical Evidence from National and International Survey Data.	Promoting membership of these groups may therefore be a useful mechanism for putting the disillusioned or inactive in touch with others who are still active civil participants. .
Hill Strategies , R.,	Social Effects of the Arts: Exploratory Statistical Evidence.	The links to social engagement could be stronger for more frequent participants or participants in many different cultural activities. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	That shows that collaborations between different cultural contexts can work rather well providing that there is a critical mass of cultural general shared places, which enables the dialogue between local community and visiting artists. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Working with audiences is not a one-way thing: it is about building relationships to help each other. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	These materials are also used to spread information, topics, to start developing a sense of belonging among people with the same interests, passions, habits and to generate curiosity. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Extending this idea, it was mentioned that participation starts where communication and interaction begin and this makes research (on people to be engaged in cultural consumption) a good start. .
Blessi, G.T., ; Tremblay , D., G.; Sandri, M., ; Pilati, T.,	New trajectories in urban regeneration processes: Cultural capital as source of human and social capital accumulation – Evidence from the case of Tohu in Montreal	The opportunities provided by not only attending cultural activities but also being an active participant in them will prompt the establishment of social networking, mutual acquaintance and relationships with other individuals and communities. .
Sandell, R.,	Social inclusion, the museum and the dynamics of sectoral change.	For some inclusion initiatives, museums will require staff who hold an in-depth understanding of diverse potential audiences and who are aware of networks that will provide routes into the community. .
Landry, C., ; Bianchini, F.,	The Creative City	Public spaces can also act as catalysts by attracting different types of people and encouraging interaction. .
Morse, N.; Thomson, L.J.M.; Brown, Z.; Chatterjee, H.J.	Effects of creative museum outreach sessions on measures of confidence, sociability and well-being for mental health and addiction recovery service-users	Sociability Museum sessions encouraged interaction between service-users many of whom did not know each other beforehand. .
Morse, N.; Thomson, L.J.M.; Brown, Z.; Chatterjee, H.J.	Effects of creative museum outreach sessions on measures of confidence, sociability and well-being for mental health and addiction recovery service-users	Another theme identified in the research, visiting new places, showed how programmes might contribute to positioning museums within broadening social networks and, following Chatterjee and Noble (2013), establishing museums as part of a wider sense of social capital. .
Windle, G.; Gregory, S.; Howson-Griffiths, T.; Newman, A.; O Brien, D.; Gouldin, A.	Exploring the theoretical foundations of visual art programmes for people living with dementia	Such community settings can enable participants to interact socially not just with each other, but also with the general public. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Furthermore, as diversity of activities increases through revitalization projects, residents can be provided with more and different opportunities for social interaction and, hence, develop different networks. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Civic engagement is also present in the platform provided for cultural associations within the communities to meet and collaborate. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	In recent years the relationship between museums and their visitors has been subject to much discussion in relation to debates about the role that these institutions can play in widening participation and tackling social exclusion. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	The changing emphasis within the museum sector on outreach, social inclusion, and engagement, has arguably made museums more receptive to displays of and engagement with popular culture. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	Future peer-learning schemes would be helpful to: - Foster social inclusion through culture, including newcomers (refugees); - Attract new and more diverse audiences; - Better work with local communities and residents, increasing participation, bringing culture outside city centres (including in difficult areas), guiding people to culture. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	Local authorities should set up networking opportunities (matchmaking, training session, conferences, workshops, cultural cafes, etc.) that facilitate the exchange of information, knowledge and ideas between various actors, entities and disciplines by favouring an environment of sociability and conviviality. .
Mc L.J., Harrison I.R.	The effects of built environment design on opportunities for wellbeing in care homes	These focal points in the layout of the circulation spaces of the homes created opportunities for increased interest and social connection both for residents and between staff. .
Cantillon Z., Baker S.	DIY Heritage Institutions as Third Places: Caring, Community and Wellbeing Among Volunteers at the Australian Jazz Museum	Mavis then went on to explain that creating connections and forming bonds is one of the most rewarding aspects of her role hosting museum visitors and running tours allows plenty of opportunities to meet new people, and her fellow volunteers are a lovely, wonderful group to work with, and you get such a lot of benefit from it. .
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	Adult education classes, at least those in creative subjects, may thus act as a crucible of positive social mixing that spreads to the wider community, thus promoting greater community engagement, integration and cohesion. .
Kelly M., Rivas C., Foell J., Llewellyn-Dunn J., England D., Cocciadiferro A., Hull S.	Unmasking quality: Exploring meanings of health by doing art	Links were made between the community and local researchers building social capital through helping people see the value of their skills, and through conversations, many of which were necessarily transcultural. .
Peterson M.	Living with difference in hyper-diverse areas: how important are encounters in semi-public spaces? Vécu de la différence dans les quartiers hyper-divers : importance des rencontres dans les espaces semi-publics El vivir con lo diferente en zonas excesivamente diversas: ¿cuán importantes son los encuentros en espacios semi-públicos?	As the community-centres atmosphere stimulates engagement, visitors feel somewhat obligated to talk to others. .
Thomson L.J., Morse N., Elsden E., Chatterjee H.J.	Art, nature and mental health: assessing the biopsychosocial effects of a ‘creative green prescription’ museum programme involving horticulture, artmaking and collections	Positive engagement was enhanced by facilitators and museum staff who recognised that participants were more than just their diagnosis. .
Beauchet O., Cooper-Brown L., Hayashi Y., Galery K., Vilcocq C., Bastien T.	Effects of thursdays at the Museum at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts on the mental and physical health of older community dwellers: The art-health randomized clinical trial protocol	In addition, these art-based activities are performed in groups, which stimulates social interaction and engagement 7 . .
Tymoszuk U., Perkins R., Fancourt D., Williamon A.	Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between receptive arts engagement and loneliness among older adults	Most recently, museum-based programs for isolated older adults were also found to foster social inclusion by enabling social interactions and cultivation of meaningful relationships 21 . .
Konrath S.	Museums as Weavers of the Invisible Strings that Connect us	It ends by providing specific suggestions that art museums can try to re-connect people in their communities. .
Konrath S.	Museums as Weavers of the Invisible Strings that Connect us	But these starting points are incomplete without conversations and collaborations, among and between art museum practitioners and their stakeholders. .
Saavedra J., Arias S., Crawford P., Pérez E.	Impact of creative workshops for people with severe mental health problems: art as a means of recovery	Participants explain how, sometimes, the creative workshops in the CAAC have helped them to meet new people and make new friends that they continue to meet and join in activities with outside the museum. .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	To meaningfully support socially isolated older people as part of local public health strategies, museums need to be accessible and engaging places that purposively support social interaction by involving people and objects, participating in multiple sessions over time, that are facilitated by skilled and knowledgeable staff. .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	Relational processes The programs were aimed at people who were socially isolated and as such, the extent to which museums create opportunities for social interactions and relationship building is pivotal. .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	Along with considerations for place and length of time, the role of the facilitator as museum expert and as a socially engaging and welcoming person, was seen to be essential. .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	Longer term museum programs, such as those employed in the current study, can contribute to initiating and developing friendships. .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	Similarly, by utilizing follow-up interviews there was a sense participants reflected on their experiences and consolidated their experiences and learning, often by sharing the knowledge with others; this also provided information about contact between participants, and how the museum experience enabled subsequent connections and activities elsewhere over time. .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	Perhaps social programs such as those in museums will initially appeal to people with a stronger sense of self and existing social networks. .
Roe B., McCormick S., Lucas T., Gallagher W., Winn A., Elkin S.	Coffee, Cake & Culture: Evaluation of an art for health programme for older people in the community	It gives them things to talk about with residents and it helps them bond with the residents - builds relationships. .
Mihailidis P., Gamwell A.	Designing Engagement in Local News: Using FOIA Requests to Create Inclusive Participatory Journalism Practices	Providing avenues for more engagement with communities can give journalists more chances for connection. .
Gulliver A., Pike G., Banfield M., Morse A.R., Katruss N., Pescud M., McMaster M., Valerius H., West S.	Evaluation of the Music Engagement Program for people with Alzheimers disease and dementia: Study protocol for a pilot trial	The aim is to use music to facilitate social interaction and engagement between residents, staff, and the music facilitator. .
Vettraino E., Linds W., Jindal-Snape D.	Embodied voices: using applied theatre for co-creation with marginalised youth	In particular, the arts have been shown to improve the ability for some marginalised young people to form stronger social and group bonds, to identify with positive outlooks for future opportunities and find communication and interaction with others easier. .
Goulding A.	How can contemporary art contribute toward the development of social and cultural capital for people aged 64 and older	He hypothesizes that the consumption of art-related culture facilitates conversations necessary for acquaintances to develop into friendships. .
Scott S.D., Brett-MacLean P., Archibald M., Hartling L.	Protocol for a systematic review of the use of narrative storytelling and visual-arts-based approaches as knowledge translation tools in healthcare.	The arts are powerful, accessible forms of communication that have the potential to impart knowledge by attracting interest and developing meaningful connections. .
Mc L.J., Harrison I.R.	The effects of built environment design on opportunities for wellbeing in care homes	Also, the availability of a choice of spaces provided destinations to encourage walking and physical activity (I149, L210). .
Konrath S.	Museums as Weavers of the Invisible Strings that Connect us	Consider how to encourage people to connect with nature and enjoy quiet moments of reflection on museum grounds. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	such examples show how cultural institutions have adopted participatory art to extend access to their programmes, collections and facilities. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Alongside these the outreach worker has run a programme of participatory activities, often led by artists, to introduce new visitors to the museum: weekday use by groups of older or disabled people is now common. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	Increased civic participation is a consequence of a dynamic and diverse cultural scene in the community. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The participatory activity initiated by Be SpectACTive! helped us to reach a wider perspective on how to involve the audience and realise interchanges among artists, audience and cultural institution. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	In recent years, the number of participatory or collective creation shows has increased considerably with the aim of integrating diverse groups into the community. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Audience development is a strategic, dynamic and interactive process of making the arts widely accessible. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Social Regeneration Promotion of cultural access and participation should involve meeting cultural expectations of residents; providing public participation in the regeneration process; providing opportunity for public to involve in culture and arts activities; increasing involvement and activity of volunteering groups through cultural activities; stimulating creativity of individuals through cultural activities; supporting educational development of children; strengthening contact between generations; supporting quality of life of unhealthy people; representing different cultural identities clearly; corresponding need of enjoyment. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Festivals provide interesting examples of how the interplay of space and art can foster participation and exchange. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	This new marketing strategy could serve as a tool for cultural access, helping laypersons in entering the cultural realm, through the opportunities provided, for example, by interacting and participating in cultural programming. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Also, there could be ways of empowering young people who take friends with them to see culture. .
Sandell, R.,	Social inclusion, the museum and the dynamics of sectoral change.	Lastly, museums, through the representation of inclusive communities within collections and displays, have the potential to promote tolerance, inter-community respect and to challenge stereotypes. .
Sandell, R.,	Social inclusion, the museum and the dynamics of sectoral change.	Social Inclusion and the Emergence of Associated Change Imperatives Demands for increased accessibility and a desire to broaden museums visitor profiles have preoccupied the sector for many years. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Through public consultation forums, workshops and exhibitions, the general public can become involved in the planning and design of urban renewal projects and the decision-making processes concerning the use of the heritage sites. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	At the same time, cultural clusters spur civic engagement; cultural participants tend to be involved in other community activities, and neighborhoods with many cultural organizations also have concentrations of other social organizations. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	The exhibition was developed with the aim of attracting the interest of the broad range of visitors who regularly attended the host museum from school groups to older visitors. .
Mckenzie M., Hutton T.	Culture-led Regeneration in the Post-industrial Built Environment: Complements and Contradictions in Victory Square, Vancouver	Being the stage of many national and international activities, this building is conducting culture-led activities for many different groups of the community. .
Biondi L., Demartini P., Marchegiani L., Marchiori M., Piber M.	Understanding orchestrated participatory cultural initiatives: Mapping the dynamics of governance and participation	In particular, a participatory approach to cultural and creative initiatives entails civic engagement for creating and sharing cultural projects, events and experiences. .
Evans G.	Participation and provision in arts & culture – bridging the divide	In this case the strategy was to both increase access and attendance and thus increase frequency of cultural engagement by local residents -new and established. .
Konrath S.	Museums as Weavers of the Invisible Strings that Connect us	For example, art museums could work with other local arts groups and emerging artists to create regular interactive events. .
Ander E.E., Thomson L.J.M., Blair K., Noble G., Menon U., Lanceley A., Chatterjee H.J.	Using museum objects to improve wellbeing in mental health service users and neurological rehabilitation clients	Museums are increasingly using collections as a bridge to wellbeing, social inclusion and learning, often taking objects beyond the museum site itself into communities. .
Žilič Fišer S., Kožuh I.	The Impact of Cultural Events on Community Reputation and Pride in Maribor, The European Capital of Culture 2012	It involves numerous cultural events each year in public places in certain cities, and tries to reach a wide audience, to increase awareness and participation in culture. .
Wyatt M., Liggett S.	The Potential of Painting: Unlocking Disenfranchised Grief for People Living With Dementia	Museums and galleries are increasingly becoming socially engaged spaces that tackle human challenges with public audiences. .
Dunphy, K.; Baker, F. A.; Dumaresq, E.; Carroll-Haskins, K.; Eickholt, J.; Ercole, M.; Kaimal, G.; Meyer, K.; Sajnani, N.; Shamir, O.Y.; Wosch, T.	Creative Arts Interventions to Address Depression in Older Adults: A Systematic Review of Outcomes, Processes, and Mechanisms	Therapeutic Techniques The therapeutic techniques reported in the art studies included the therapist being encouraging of participants expression and learning through art making, sensitive to individual needs, encouraging of interaction and pro-social experiences between group members. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	If we return to art as adults, it is often for just this capacity to jolt us out of everyday assumptions, to reconnect us with a sense of wonder and uncertainty that can open new creative paths when we are stuck in routine or unable to find answers to the situations facing us. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Art exists, and the goal is to help people take part in it. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Museum and gallery education can be a distinctive creative practice. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	the professional artists want to achieve good creative work, while people who attend may come to learn, to express themselves, or to enjoy social contact. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	And, since change is inherent in participatory art activities, their ideas may also shift during the course of the project, because of their own experience or because of how the project itself alters conditions for everyone involved. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Because community artists wanted to involve people in creating art, they thought about the processes involved. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	It also generates new artistic ideas and forms, especially in the more open practice of community art, so that the final work may be quite unlike what was expected at the start. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Putting on a community art event can be a path to other forms of collective action. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	In doing so, they made way for a new generation of young artists, with their own formative experiences and ideas about practice. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	It was not only individuals who were transformed by access to art. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	the acceptance of participatory art in health, education and other social contexts, helped show its wider potential. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Participatory art empowers and emancipates. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Arts projects could embody peoples values and raise their expectations. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Participating in arts projects had changed this, helping them to feel that the arts do not belong only to other people. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Although the emphasis was on art as a part of the curriculum, the season also offered an opportunity to look at the contribution which participation in the arts might make to the general development of school students. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	These figures confirm that arts projects can inspire people to become involved in project organisation, and equip them to do so when they intend to. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Expectations of its potential to change how people feel about their museums should be in proportion to the resources at its disposal, but it illustrates the potential of developing a participatory element in museums to renew relationships with local people. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	It is in the act of creativity that empowerment lies, and through sharing creativity that understanding and social inclusiveness are promoted. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	The framework of research While recognising that audiences can be considered participants in the creative process, projects where people are actively engaged in shaping their own arts work (alone or in partnership with professional artists) are fundamentally different. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	As the arts increase our awareness of alternative patterns of living, the options for cooperation with others (both in ways to cooperate and potential new partners) are increased. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Moreover, Community Matters, an initiative brought to life based on the idea of neighbours helping neighbours, recognized the importance of art works, of working with local artists and creative assets, to bring people together and to sustain the revitalisation of spaces, by connecting artists to artists and encouraging art-making in the community they are discovering opportunities for art to make a difference. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	According to their model, art brings inspirational work and offers the potential to enter into flow (edge) states where change can occur and new elements (learning processes) can arise. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	3. Building community-level social values through culture and the arts: a theoretical approach Introduction What exactly happens to people cognitively, emotionally, and socially when they make art that might lead them to view themselves and their world differently? .
Montalto, V., ; Campagna, D., ; Caperna, G.,	Does Culture Make a Better Citizen? Exploring the Relationship Between Cultural and Civic Participation in Italy	A key policy implication of our findings and resulting reflections is that greater attention should be directed to introducing more citizens to arts and cultural experiences as a social inclusion vehicle. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The findings are intended to engage the arts community and the public in a new dialogue about the value of the arts, to stimulate further research, and to help public and private policymakers reach informed decisions.
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	This reaction to a work of art can connect people more deeply to the world and open them to new ways of seeing and experiencing the world. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Policy Implications and Recommendations The studys key policy implication is that policy should be geared toward spreading the benefits of the arts by introducing greater numbers of Americans to engaging arts experiences. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Promote early exposure to the arts. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	We acknowledge that this is an exploratory discussion designed to promote closer attention to the ways in which individuals and communities may change through arts involvement. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Schools with an arts-rich environment offer a variety of opportunities for students to develop positive attitudes toward the arts and toward school more generally. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Stepping forward to help produce a local production, launching a fund-raising campaign, and securing rehearsal or studio space in a community center are some of the many ways that people who may be drawn into local art communities might develop management and organizational competencies, a sense of collective efficacy, and relationships within the community in aid of future undertakings. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	In its own way, each art form is capable of calling us out of ourselves and stimulating rapt involvement. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	It can lead them to a fuller experience of the work of art and create a public space in which meanings are shared and perspectives expressed and clarified. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	For adults already attracted to some form of the arts, the appeal of social activities may lead to new arts interests: a friend or colleague with a love for a particular art form can facilitate entry into that domain. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Community-based organizations may have distinct advantages in promoting this process, particularly for adults who have little prior experience with the arts. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	But all arts organizations can do more to provide their audiences with compelling arts experiences, including offering educational seminars that help participants develop the capacities for appreciating a more-challenging repertoire. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Its political project deals with inventing a new social use of art, by offering to citizens the possibility to express social problems or even by commissioning artists to give an answer to such problems. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	We believe that spectators point of view can contribute to widening the artists gaze, and therefore to enrich their visions during the creation process. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The artists had the opportunity to experiment new forms of artistic creation, working with different audiences and communities and to test a different perception of their own social needs and environments, having a more complex dialogue with them. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	We wanted to be involved in sharing practices between different partners and we were interested specifically in the area of challenging artists to engage and even involve public in different creative ways. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	It is an opportunity to reflect on the mission of the institution, on the different possible ways to achieve its goals, to connect with audiences and with artistic proposals. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	On the other hand, participatory residencies can be seen as a mean to reach other goals than merely creation, such as: opening the doors of the artistic process to audiences; spreading artistic resources and transmitting the will to create to amateurs; helping people express themselves; renewing a venues or an artists audience; democratising the cultural institutions or empowering audiences, the finality being often the process itself. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	We would like to work on exploring these options and making sure that audience and participants feel that they get something more tangible, or have access to some unique or particular experiences provided by the creative process. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Through the creative process, carving his ways in the search of pure essence, exploring the universal human sensations and our unique perceptions of life and art, he also served as a guide for us to: help us understand ourselves in our pursuit of dreams show how art can open us up after the life-long oppression by society allow us to understand the multiplicity of choices and possibilities we always have. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The level of these potential transformations depends on the type of interaction set up with participants (the possibility for the participants to express themselves freely) and the artists permeability to their influence. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	In this last perspective, arts are limited means of contributing to emancipation, but by broadening creative expressions to new people, and thus producing new perceptions of individuals on themselves and on the society, they participate to the transformation of social and political representations. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Is it necessary to continue mobilising categories such as artistic quality, when trying to invent new practices and new relationships between artists and society? .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The other side of the artistic freedom We started from the assumption that creating via new technology allows artists to push the boundaries of the possible and designs transformative experiences for audiences and also for artists to get inspired and to discuss about artistic and creative processes. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The resulting group of artists was made of individuals actively engaged in experimenting and testing new ways of production, trying to find new sources of inspiration for their creative process and searching for meaningful ways to involve audiences. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	They are conscious their feedbacks could be useful for the artists, helping them improving or changing something in the creation of their shows (some of the submitted works are still in progress and an external point of view could be useful to the artists to improve them). .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	They are: Inspire: be inspired by a diverse range of professional art; Shape: shape what we offer and what we are; Make: make art with us; Share: actively seek new ways to reach and connect with the wider community. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	If the goal is rather to contribute to artistic empowerment and to reach more diversified audiences, then it is necessary to make efforts to get in touch with them and propose experiences that suit them. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Creative Residencies are the privileged corner both to support the work of young and innovative European artists and to promote their interaction with local audiences, testing new and experimental ways to engage with them, according with the topic of the work, the target audiences to involve, the journey developed by the artists. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The Action Research gave an opportunity to analyse a co-cre-ative approach in an international context, giving artist the challenge to experiment new forms of artistic creation, working with different audiences and communities, relating with different organisations in countries with distinguishing social, cultural, economic and political characteristics. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The project offered us also the possibility to investigate the reason why and the implication for an artist to encompass with a co-creative process, trying to analyse how participation can shape artistic creation and how the active involvement in the creative process can shape the way in which audiences take part in creative activities. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	This way of making art gives space and opens the door for discoveries and surprises on the level of the arts and on the level of personal experiences. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	It encourages expansion of the cultural district concept to include more opportunities for amateur as well as professional arts engagement. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	All this helps create a window of opportunity for further advances in integrating arts and culture into the concepts of quality of life, good communities and great cities to which this monograph contributes. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Similarly, the idea of a cultural district can change, from an area that provide

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