MESOC Serapeum | Where culture meets AI

Authors	Title	Candidate transition variable
Ander, E.; Thomson, L.; Lanceley, A.; Menon, U.; Noble, G.	Heritage, Health and Wellbeing: Assessing the impact of a heritage focused intervention on health and wellbeing.	Most participants expressed improved wellbeing after the intervention, such as improved mood, calmed anxiety or a feeling of enhanced confidence. .
Pérez-Sáez, E.; Cabrero-Montes, E., M.; Llorente-Cano, M.; González-Ingelmo, E.	A pilot study on the impact of a pottery workshop on the well-being of people with dementia.	These results indicate that attending the workshop had a positive effect on the participants self-esteem, mood and well-being. .
Muller-Pinget, S.; Carrard, I.; Ybarra, J.; Golay, A.	Dance therapy improves self-body image among obese patients.	Patients found pleasure in performing the exercises and expressed positive feelings that in turn enhanced them. .
Grossi, E., ; Sacco, P.L., ; Blessi, G.T., ; Buscema, M.,	The Interaction Between Culture, Health and Psychological Well-Being: Data Mining from the Italian Culture and Well-Being Project	Qualitative evidence of the outcomes of the program suggest that it had a positive impact on participants physical and social well-being, as well as upon their creative activity. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	The last individual outcome area explored by the studies focused on wellbeing outcomes, the assessed areas of impact were happiness, pleasure, enjoyment, life satisfaction and feeling of peace. .
Dahlgren, G., ; Whitehead, M.,	Policies and strategies to promote social equity in health	The positive effects are then characterized by the fact that healthy living conditions favour healthy life styles. .
Li, Y., ; Winters, J., V.	Urbanisation, natural amenities and subjective well-being: Evidence from US counties.	Areas with better natural amenities might be expected to increase individual well-being. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	The good news is that there is room for great optimism. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	Even on bad days it makes me feel better. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	It gives you a sense of well being that youre doing something useful. .
Morse, N.; Thomson, L.J.M.; Brown, Z.; Chatterjee, H.J.	Effects of creative museum outreach sessions on measures of confidence, sociability and well-being for mental health and addiction recovery service-users	elicit an emotional response that encourages positive feelings such as optimism, hope and enjoyment; . .
Thomson, L. J. M.; Chatterjee, H. J.	Well-Being With Objects: Evaluating a Museum ObjectHandling Intervention for Older Adults in Health Care Settings	It was hypothesized that prepost comparisons would demonstrate enhanced well-being (increase in positive emotion, wellness and happiness; decrease in negative emotion) across settings. .
Poulos, R.G.; Marwood, S.; Harkin, D.; Opher, S.; Clift, S.; Cole, A.M.D.; Rhee, J.; Beilharz, K.; Poulos, C.J.	Arts on prescription for community‐dwelling older people with a range of health and wellness needs	Our results suggest a positive impact on mental well-being for participants with a diverse range of health and wellness needs. .
Wiseman, R.; Watt, C.	Achieving the impossible: a review of magic-based interventions and their effects on wellbeing	Again, overall positive results have been reported. .
Vrtana D., Krizanova A., Skorvagova E., Valaskova K.	Exploring the affective level in adolescents in relation to advertising with a selected emotional appeal	The positive mood is defined by the following items: joy, happiness, enjoyment, and physical freshness. .
Moreno L.P., Ruiz A.S., Giralt J.A.	Great Challenœs and the application of participatory tools in the planning of the informal city the case of Makeni, Sierra Leone Grandes retos y aplicación de herramientas participatives en la planificación dela ciudad informal el Caso de Makeni, Sierra Leona	From this perspective, the assessment is extremely positive. .
Nielsen J.H., Overgaard C.	Healing architecture and Snoezelen in delivery room design: A qualitative study of womens birth experiences and patient-centeredness of care	It really helped me keep myself going, you know, maintaining the relaxed state I wanted to achieve . .
Venerandi A., Quattrone G., Capra L.	City form and well-being: What makes London neighborhoods good places to live?	This, in turn, might raise the levels of well-being. .
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	I feel happier & much more confident - myself, at last! .
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	Therefore they have improved my quality of life. .
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	Participants reported a mixture of increased energy (energized, uplifted, inspired, enthusiastic and confident) and fulfilment (contented, relaxed and a sense of well-being). .
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	My mood is generally improved. .
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	This gives me more exercise and energy as I feel good about doing it. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	So I suppose that made me feel good ... .
Jones M., Kimberlee R., Deave T., Evans S.	The role of community centre-based arts, leisure and social activities in promoting adult well-being and healthy lifestyles	The results showed positive changes in self-reported general health, mental health, personal and social well-being. .
Bird J.M., Karageorghis C.I.	A Grounded Theory of Music-Video Use in an Exercise Facility	You could say that it made me feel happier in that regard, and, if a sense of overall wellbeing is tied to what you want from a workout, you could say that was productive side-effect. .
Malyn B.O., Thomas Z., Ramsey-Wade C.E.	Reading and writing for well-being: A qualitative exploration of the therapeutic experience of older adult participants in a bibliotherapy and creative writing group	A person's resilience and the presence of positive states and emotions are key elements of well-being. .
Hanson K.	Positive Psychology for Overcoming Symptoms of Depression: A Pilot Study Exploring the Efficacy of a Positive Psychology Self-Help Book versus a CBT Self-Help Book	High total scores indicate higher levels of subjective happiness. .
Hanson K.	Positive Psychology for Overcoming Symptoms of Depression: A Pilot Study Exploring the Efficacy of a Positive Psychology Self-Help Book versus a CBT Self-Help Book	High scores indicate high levels of life satisfaction. .
Hanson K.	Positive Psychology for Overcoming Symptoms of Depression: A Pilot Study Exploring the Efficacy of a Positive Psychology Self-Help Book versus a CBT Self-Help Book	High scores indicate high levels of psychological well-being. .
Pettersson C.	Psychological well-being, improved self-confidence, and social capacity: bibliotherapy from a user perspective	In this respect, a clear improvement in psychological well-being can be observed in two of the four participants. .
Moreira J.A., Rodrigues E.	The potencial of science fiction cinema in a prison context and its impact on the construction of learning communities Potencialidades do Cinema de Ficção Científica em Contexto de Reclusão e o seu Impacto na Construção de Comunidades de Aprendizagem	It was actually very stimulating and enriching. .
Lourenço I.	Bollywood in portugal: Watching and dancing practices in the construction of alternative cultural identities Bollywood em portugal: A construção de identidades culturais alternativas entre audiências e praticantes de dança	Its liberating and gives you wellbeing. .
Lindblad K., de Boise S.	Musical engagement and subjective wellbeing amongst men in the third age	He appreciates it, saying that its nice and makes him feel relaxed and in a good mood. .
Douka S., Zilidou V.I., Lilou O., Manou V.	Traditional dance improves the physical fitness and well-being of the elderly	Proper posture improves overall balance and generally there are positive effects on the body. .
Redfield A.	An analysis of the experiences and integration of transpersonal phenomena induced by electronic dance music	These effects, in turn, have the potential to bring positivity and healing to the world. .
Koch S.C., Mergheim K., Raeke J., Machado C.B., Riegner E., Nolden J., Diermayr G., von Moreau D., Hillecke T.K.	The embodied self in Parkinsons Disease: Feasibility of a single tango intervention for assessing changes in psychological health outcomes and aesthetic experience	In this study, particularly positive affect, vitality and coping increased. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	The findings are positive in that regard. .
Subramaniam P., Woods B.	Digital life storybooks for people with dementia living in care homes: An evaluation	Higher scores indicate higher quality of life. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	It improves my wellbeing being there, yes. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	Its physical, practical and psychological doing is a functionality that had a positive impact on health and wellbeing for the participating service users. .
Paddon H.L., Thomson L.J.M., Menon U., Lanceley A.E., Chatterjee H.J.	Mixed methods evaluation of well-being benefits derived from a heritage-in-health intervention with hospital patients	The study demonstrated statistically significant, overall enhancement of psychological well-being as determined by the PANAS measures, and subjective well-being and happiness as determined by the VAS measures. .
James C.E., Altenmüller E., Kliegel M., Krüger T.H.C., Van De Ville D., Worschech F., Abdili L., Scholz D.S., Jünemann K., Hering A., Grouiller F., Sinke C., Marie D.	Train the brain with music (TBM): brain plasticity and cognitive benefits induced by musical training in elderly people in Germany and Switzerland, a study protocol for an RCT comparing musical instrumental practice to sensitization to music	As these activities are pleasant for an average individual, they are intrinsically motivating and therefore easy to maintain over long periods of time, meanwhile increasing wellbeing. .
Caló F., Steiner A., Millar S., Teasdale S.	The impact of a community-based music intervention on the health and well-being of young people: A realist evaluation	The questionnaire also included the life satisfaction measures of personal well-being as used by ONS National Wellbeing Programme. .
Saarikallio S.H., Randall W.M., Baltazar M.	Music Listening for Supporting Adolescents’ Sense of Agency in Daily Life	Feeling better or feeling more of a certain positive affective state might have been experienced as a successful event by the participants. .
Stewart J., Garrido S., Hense C., McFerran K.	Music use for mood regulation: Self-awareness and conscious listening choices in young people with tendencies to depression	In this case, even a small improvement in mood was perceived as a positive change. .
Waddington-Jones C., King A., Burnard P.	Exploring wellbeing and creativity through collaborative composition as part of hull 2017 city of culture	In recent years, there has been increased research interest in wellbeing, as people seek to learn how they might lead healthier and happier lives. .
Waddington-Jones C., King A., Burnard P.	Exploring wellbeing and creativity through collaborative composition as part of hull 2017 city of culture	The more positive affect or pleasure we experience, the happier we will be. .
Waddington-Jones C., King A., Burnard P.	Exploring wellbeing and creativity through collaborative composition as part of hull 2017 city of culture	This may enhance participants sense of achievement and increase self-esteem. .
Curtis A., Gibson L., O’Brien M., Roe B.	Systematic review of the impact of arts for health activities on health, wellbeing and quality of life of older people living in care homes	The outcome measures focused upon were health, wellbeing and quality of life. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	2. Spiritually uplifting, as it enhances the mood and energises the spirit. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	These emotional, social, and cognitive benefits may well be powerful protective factors working to enhance health, particularly relating to reducing stress and promoting a sense of wellbeing and happiness. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	In other words, well-being is a strongly desired outcome for modern everyday life. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Some experienced exhilarating transpersonal feelings of happiness, joy and well-being. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	In addition, it is clear that the activity was highly valued in contributing to overall well-being and quality of life. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	It is also enjoyable, meaningful and emotionally uplifting. .
Garcia Yeste C., Gairal Casadó R., Munté Pascual A., Plaja Viñas T.	Dialogic literary gatherings and out-of-home child care: Creation of new meanings through classic literature	(b) improving the emotional well-being of the participants. .
Garcia Yeste C., Gairal Casadó R., Munté Pascual A., Plaja Viñas T.	Dialogic literary gatherings and out-of-home child care: Creation of new meanings through classic literature	(Tania) These positive experiences by all participants in the DLG generated a state of well-being that may consequently promote improved emotional stability. .
Blackburn C.	‘The people in the purple shirts’: Froebelian insights to a Singing Medicine project in a children’s hospital	It gives, therefore, joy, freedom, contentment, inner and outer rest, peace with the world. .
Warran K., Fancourt D., Perkins R.	The experience and perceived impact of group singing for men living with cancer: A phenomenological study	You feel much better, and it does wonders for you . .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Jetten J., Rowan C.	Identification with arts-based groups improves mental wellbeing in adults with chronic mental health conditions	Time had a significant effect on mental wellbeing, indicating that participants mental wellbeing improved after joining the ABG. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Jetten J., Rowan C.	Identification with arts-based groups improves mental wellbeing in adults with chronic mental health conditions	This finding suggests that participants wellbeing benefited equally from participation in both activities. .
Williamson V.J., Bonshor M.	Wellbeing in brass bands: The benefits and challenges of group music making	I feel generally more satisfied with howI am living because I have more purpose and reason to be alive. .
Williamson V.J., Bonshor M.	Wellbeing in brass bands: The benefits and challenges of group music making	Feeling happy, occupied and fulfilled leads to better mental health and increased resilience when dealing with difficult things. .
Williamson V.J., Bonshor M.	Wellbeing in brass bands: The benefits and challenges of group music making	This creates a real sense of wellbeing. .
Williamson V.J., Bonshor M.	Wellbeing in brass bands: The benefits and challenges of group music making	Playing makes me feel happy and positive. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	For many this represented a chance to feel good and express happiness with others. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	For example, one participant said, It gives you a real feel good factor and really lifts you. .
Lord V.M., Hume V.J., Kelly J.L., Cave P., Silver J., Waldman M., White C., Smith C., Tanner R., Sanchez M., Man W.D.-C., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing classes for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial	Patients who had participated in the trial reported benefits in their physical performance and general well-being as well as a sense of achievement and self-efficacy. .
Lord V.M., Cave P., Hume V.J., Flude E.J., Evans A., Kelly J.L., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing teaching as a therapy for chronic respiratory disease - A randomised controlled trial and qualitative evaluation	.this has been very useful, I always felt better afterwards physically. .
Pearce E., Launay J., Machin A., Dunbar R.I.M.	Is Group Singing Special? Health, Well-Being and Social Bonds in Community-Based Adult Education Classes	Higher summed scores indicate higher well-being in both cases. .
Tamplin J., Clark I.N., Lee Y.-E.C., Baker F.A.	Remini-sing: A feasibility study of therapeutic group singing to support relationship quality and wellbeing for community-dwelling people living with dementia and their family caregivers	followed with specific items such as made me feel useful and enabled me to appreciate life more. .
van der Steen J.T., van Soest-Poortvliet M.C., van der Wouden J.C., Bruinsma M.S., Scholten R.J.P.M., Vink A.C.	Music-based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia	Types of outcome measures Emotional well-being, including quality of life and positive affect. .
McNaughton A., Aldington S., Williams G., Levack W.M.M.	Sing Your Lungs Out: A qualitative study of a community singing group for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)	The participants reported perceived health benefits from participation in the group, and no adverse events. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	The findings reveal a rich array of positive benefits on the participants' social wellbeing with/in the community. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	There was some evidence of a growing sense of collective social wellbeing which stemmed from the projects amongst the wider community. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	And that was a relief, you know. .
Hunter R.F., Cleland C., Cleary A., Droomers M., Wheeler B.W., Sinnett D., Nieuwenhuijsen M.J., Braubach M.	Environmental, health, wellbeing, social and equity effects of urban green space interventions: A meta-narrative evidence synthesis	Wellbeing outcomes included mental health (e.g. levels of depression, stress, anxiety), and general wellbeing (e.g. levels of happiness, measures of mental wellbeing). .
Quinlan E., Thomas R., Ahmed S., Fichtner P., McMullen L., Block J.	The aesthetic rationality of the popular expressive arts: Lifeworld communication among breast cancer survivors living with lymphedema	In doing so, they anticipate a society in which the human need for happiness is satisfied. .
Węziak-Białowolska D.	Attendance of cultural events and involvement with the arts—impact evaluation on health and well-being from a Swiss household panel survey	Well-being outcome variable Well-being was measured with a simple question referring to general life satisfaction (GLS): In general, how satisfied are you with your life? .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Joice S., Kroll T., Mead G., Donnan P., Toma M., Williams B.	Art participation for psychosocial wellbeing during stroke rehabilitation: a feasibility randomised controlled trial	Positive affect represents pleasurable engagement and includes emotions such as enthusiasm and alertness. .
Awtuch A., Gȩbczyńska-Janowicz A.	Art and Healthcare - Healing Potential of Artistic Interventions in Medical Settings	Such environments intend to promote a sense of well-being, a reduction in stress and fatigue, and encourage a sense of hope and positive attitude in patients. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) describes wellbeing as a positive outcome that is meaningful for people and for many sectors of a society, because it tells us that people perceive that their lives are going well (CDC, 2018). .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	Wellbeing is more simply defined as the presence of life satisfaction, and positive emotions. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	They found it exhilarating, an emotional release, and a good way to boost my ego. .
Florian Carl ,Rosemond Kutsidzo	Music a nd Wellbeing in Everyday Life: An Exploratory Study of Music Experience in Ghana	His alertness and happiness increased, he felt less irritable, more in the present and more relaxed. .
Müller S., Rohde P., Gau J.M., Stice E.	Moderators of the effects of indicated group and bibliotherapy cognitive behavioral depression prevention programs on adolescents depressive symptoms and depressive disorder onset	If true, the risk of MDD onset might significantly decrease once the substance abuse is addressed. .
Hutchinson, J., C.; Karageorghis, C., I.; Black, J., D.	The Diabeates Project: Perceptual, Affective and Psychophysiological Effects of Music and Music-Video in a Clinical Exercise Setting.	It provides a range of health and psychosocial benefits that can reduce morbidity and mortality as well as improve quality of life (1). .
Staiano, A., E.; Marker, A., M.; Beyl, R., A.; Hsia, D., S.; Katzmarzyk, P., T.; Newton, R., L.	A randomized controlled trial of dance exergaming for exercise training in overweight and obese adolescent girls.	Health-related quality of life. .
Hill Strategies , R.,	Social Effects of the Arts: Exploratory Statistical Evidence.	Donations to health organizations can make standards of health more equal. .
Dahlgren, G., ; Whitehead, M.,	Policies and strategies to promote social equity in health	Equally important is to secure a sustainable development from a health point of view. .
Dahlgren, G., ; Whitehead, M.,	Policies and strategies to promote social equity in health	The health status among less priviliged groups and how it changes over time is also a valid indicator for social progress and quality of life. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	The arts improve individual health. .
Daykin, N.; Byrne, E.; Soteriou, T.; O’Connor, S.	The impact of art, design and enviroment in mental healthcare: a systematic review of the literature	Nevertheless, patients rated their health improvement better in the newer wards and they also gave a higher rating to the treatment and the staff. .
Australian Expert Group in Industry Studies , AEGIS,	Social impacts of Participation in the Arts and Cultural Activities	These relate notably to improvements in health status and crime prevention. .
Punzi L., Chia M., Cipolletta S., Dolcetti C., Galozzi P., Giovinazzi O., Tonolo S., Zava R., Pazzaglia F.	The role of architectural design for rheumatic patients’ wellbeing: The point of view of environmental psychology	This can give a significant contribution to the improvement of the quality of life of individuals affected by chronic diseases, such as RDs. .
Jones M., Kimberlee R., Deave T., Evans S.	The role of community centre-based arts, leisure and social activities in promoting adult well-being and healthy lifestyles	The results of the study suggest that community centre activities offer benefits that are supportive of health and well-being. .
McCann T.V., Cotton S.M., Lubman D.I.	Social problem solving in carers of young people with a first episode of psychosis: a randomized controlled trial	In so doing, this may improve their ability to cope with caring-related problems and their access to programmes, and, potentially, improve outcomes in care recipients.8 .
McGarry J., Bowden D.	Unlocking stories: Older womens experiences of intimate partner violence told through creative expression	Ultimately, this has the potential to improve the effectiveness of care provision and support. .
Ronzi S., Orton L., Pope D., Valtorta N.K., Bruce N.G.	What is the impact on health and wellbeing of interventions that foster respect and social inclusion in community-residing older adults? A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies	Qualitative studies identified some mediating factors (e.g. improved self-esteem) that may lead to improvements in health outcomes. .
Beauchet O., Cooper-Brown L., Hayashi Y., Galery K., Vilcocq C., Bastien T.	Effects of thursdays at the Museum at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts on the mental and physical health of older community dwellers: The art-health randomized clinical trial protocol	Wellbeing is positively associated with quality of life and physical health benefits, including a decreased risk for disease, speedier disease recovery, and increased longevity 6-13 . .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Health equity exists when all peoples have equal opportunity to achieve health and well-being as determined by the circumstances that shape their lives. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	They also reported improved health benefits, such as reduced medications for some members, and improved working capacity and enhanced daily life routines for others. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	People of relatively more socioeconomic status have better health and longevity, while people of relatively less socioeconomic status have worse health and longevity, people somewhere in the middle experience middling health and longevity and so on. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Over time, it is expected that this may contribute towards positive health outcomes for those participating, and potentially the wider community. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	For others it stood out as key to their recovery or the maintenance of health. .
McNaughton A., Aldington S., Williams G., Levack W.M.M.	Sing Your Lungs Out: A qualitative study of a community singing group for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)	These health benefits included improvements in breathing, sputum clearance and exercise tolerance, as well as a general sense of improved well-being. .
Clapp L.A., Taylor E.P., Di Folco S., Mackinnon V.L.	Effectiveness of art therapy with pediatric populations affected by medical health conditions: a systematic review	However, the outcomes were all broadly related to positive adjustment regarding chronic ill health. .
Lankston L., Cusack P., Fremantle C., Isles C.	Visual art in hospitals: Case studies and review of the evidence	These include positive effects not only on patient wellbeing but also on health outcome such as length of stay in hospital and pain tolerance. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Growth in self-confidence and self-efficacy. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	This experience enriched me more and more every time: it makes me feel more confident with myself and with my potentiality. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	What has helped me, it has helped me build self-esteem and confidence. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	Participant Ive developed confidence in myself and my abilities. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	it makes me feel good about myself, it makes me feel proud. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	What has helped me, it helped me build self-esteem and confidence. .
Poulos, R.G.; Marwood, S.; Harkin, D.; Opher, S.; Clift, S.; Cole, A.M.D.; Rhee, J.; Beilharz, K.; Poulos, C.J.	Arts on prescription for community‐dwelling older people with a range of health and wellness needs	c. Empowerment Increased self-confidence and self-determination were evident among participants. .
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	They have increased my self-confidence and therefore made me feel better about myself and my prospects. .
Reynolds F., Vivat B., Prior S.	Womens experiences of increasing subjective well-being in CFS/ME through leisure-based arts and crafts activities: A qualitative study	Also its good for self esteem, its good for confidence. .
Malyn B.O., Thomas Z., Ramsey-Wade C.E.	Reading and writing for well-being: A qualitative exploration of the therapeutic experience of older adult participants in a bibliotherapy and creative writing group	Many participants also reported experiences of personal development, stating that that they had developed increased self-confidence and self-efficacy. .
Thomson L.J., Morse N., Elsden E., Chatterjee H.J.	Art, nature and mental health: assessing the biopsychosocial effects of a ‘creative green prescription’ museum programme involving horticulture, artmaking and collections	I felt a sense of achievement very much so, selfesteem. .
Waddington-Jones C., King A., Burnard P.	Exploring wellbeing and creativity through collaborative composition as part of hull 2017 city of culture	A few participants also noted that this sense of accomplishment had led to, e.g., greater confidence on a personal level. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	Participants report pride in themselves and in their community, increased confidence and a feeling of self-satisfaction. .
Lee K.L., Mustaffa M.S., Tan S.Y.	Visual arts in counselling adults with depressive disorders	And, I have become more confident. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	(reverse-coded), . . . been a happy person? .
Konlaan, B. B.; Bygren, L. O.; Johansson, S. E.	Visiting the cinema, concerts, museums or art exhibitions as determinant of survival: a Swedish fourteen-year cohort follow-up.	Such resolution is attended by pleasure. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	Finally, the people involved felt an increased sense of pride and appreciation of their town. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	Supporting quotes It's been a very positive experience. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	It was a very enjoyable experience. .
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	I have been pleased to find out that people see me as a nice person. .
la Cour K., Josephsson S., Luborsky M.	Creating connections of life during life-threatening illness: Creative activity experienced by elderly people and occupational therapists	Here the result achieved was a source of pride and satisfaction. .
Subramaniam P., Woods B.	Digital life storybooks for people with dementia living in care homes: An evaluation	Im glad to see her face full of happiness. .
Subramaniam P., Woods B.	Digital life storybooks for people with dementia living in care homes: An evaluation	Nice memories . I feel happy . very happy! .
Twedt E., Proffitt D.R., Hearn D.L.	Art and aging: Digital projects for individuals with dementia	The entire experience has been extremely rewarding... .
Bermingham A., ORourke J., Gurrin C., Collins R., Irving K., Smeaton A.F.	Automatically recommending multimedia content for use in group reminiscence therap	The responses were positive, with all facilitators agreeing that the system was satisfying and useful. .
Koebner I.J., Fishman S.M., Paterniti D., Sommer D., Witt C.M., Ward D., Joseph J.G.	The art of analgesia: A pilot study of art museum tours to decrease pain and social disconnection among individuals with chronic pain	Participants indicated high satisfaction with the program. .
Koebner I.J., Fishman S.M., Paterniti D., Sommer D., Witt C.M., Ward D., Joseph J.G.	The art of analgesia: A pilot study of art museum tours to decrease pain and social disconnection among individuals with chronic pain	Program satisfaction was high. .
Koebner I.J., Fishman S.M., Paterniti D., Sommer D., Witt C.M., Ward D., Joseph J.G.	The art of analgesia: A pilot study of art museum tours to decrease pain and social disconnection among individuals with chronic pain	Nevertheless, interviewees comments were largely positive. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	But, interestingly, upbeat and happy mood are not the only moods reported. .
Martin R.E., Korchinski M., Fels L., Leggo C.	Arresting hope: Women taking action in prison health inside out	And hope it leads to happiness. .
Martin R.E., Korchinski M., Fels L., Leggo C.	Arresting hope: Women taking action in prison health inside out	There is always so much joy to be found. .
Warran K., Fancourt D., Perkins R.	The experience and perceived impact of group singing for men living with cancer: A phenomenological study	You know, you get high and you get happy. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	Another noted, Im left happier so more confident. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	And another in a similar vein, Its given me a lot of confidence. .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	and hes an encouraging and very positive person anyway. .
Tamplin J., Clark I.N., Lee Y.-E.C., Baker F.A.	Remini-sing: A feasibility study of therapeutic group singing to support relationship quality and wellbeing for community-dwelling people living with dementia and their family caregivers	Satisfaction with life improved slightly and flourishing scale scores remained high from baseline. .
Langdridge D., Gabb J., Lawson J.	Art as a pathway to impact: Understanding the affective experience of public engagement with film	I was really pleased about that. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	When reflecting back on performance experiences, most participants were grateful and happy for the experience. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	Participants shared that there was a sense of community, and feelings of happiness and success when congregating together. .
Zhang, Y.; Tzortzopoulos, P.; Kagioglou, M.	Healing built-environment effects on health outcomes: environment–occupant–health framework.	A relaxing atmosphere has the potential to reduce anxiety and depression. .
Nan, J., K.; Ho, R.,T.	Effects of clay art therapy on adults outpatients with major depressive disorder: A randomized controlled trial.	The results showed that depressive signs were alleviated to the minimal form of depression. .
Hill Strategies , R.,	Social Effects of the Arts: Exploratory Statistical Evidence.	Visual arts can reduce stress levels and reduce the symptoms of depression for some patients. .
Corbett, B., A.; Blain, S., D.; Ioannou, S., ; Balser, M.,	Changes in anxiety following a randomized control trial of a theatre-based intervention for youth with autism spectrum disorder.	The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of the intervention on reducing anxiety and stress. .
Xie, Q.W.; Chan, C.H.Y.; Ji, Q.; Chan, C.L.W.	Psychosocial Effects of Parent-Child Book Reading Interventions: A Meta-analysis	It may also assist in reducing their stress or depression. .
Morse, N.; Thomson, L.J.M.; Brown, Z.; Chatterjee, H.J.	Effects of creative museum outreach sessions on measures of confidence, sociability and well-being for mental health and addiction recovery service-users	are calming and reduce anxiety; . .
Binnie, J.	Does Viewing Art in the Museum Reduce Anxiety and Improve Wellbeing?	While there were several restrictions within these studies, they do illustrate that a decrease in perceived anxiety from the stresses of everyday life can be experienced. .
Jones M., Kimberlee R., Deave T., Evans S.	The role of community centre-based arts, leisure and social activities in promoting adult well-being and healthy lifestyles	There was a significant reduction in self-reported mental ill health. .
Khandelwal D., Kalra N., Tyagi R., Khatri A., Gupta K.	Control of anxiety in pediatric patients using tell show do method and audiovisual distraction	Analysis of FIS and VPT revealed that decline in anxiety was significantly found to be more when behavior management technique was applied. .
Abbing A., Ponstein A., van Hooren S., de Sonneville L., Swaab H., Baars E.	The effectiveness of art therapy for anxiety in adults: A systematic review of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials	As a result of these experiences, AT is believed to reduce symptoms in patients with anxiety. .
Abbing A., Ponstein A., van Hooren S., de Sonneville L., Swaab H., Baars E.	The effectiveness of art therapy for anxiety in adults: A systematic review of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials	Objectives The primary objective is to examine the effectiveness ofAT in reducing anxiety symptoms. .
Abbing A., Ponstein A., van Hooren S., de Sonneville L., Swaab H., Baars E.	The effectiveness of art therapy for anxiety in adults: A systematic review of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials	Included were studies that had reduction of anxiety symptoms as the primary outcome measure. .
Abbing A., Ponstein A., van Hooren S., de Sonneville L., Swaab H., Baars E.	The effectiveness of art therapy for anxiety in adults: A systematic review of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials	Outcomes The primary outcome measure was anxiety symptoms reduction (pre-post treatment). .
Cunningham S., Brill M., Whalley J.H., Read R., Anderson G., Edwards S., Picking R.	Assessing Wellbeing in People Living with Dementia Using Reminiscence Music with a Mobile App (Memory Tracks): A Mixed Methods Cohort Study	That, in turn, may reduce panic or fear in the participants. .
Boyce M., Bungay H., Munn-Giddings C., Wilson C.	The impact of the arts in healthcare on patients and service users: A critical review	A reduction in anxiety levels was recorded by Froggett and Little (2012) and Mouradian (2013). .
Fancourt D., Williamon A., Carvalho L.A., Steptoe A., Dow R., Lewis I.	Singing modulates mood, stress, cortisol, cytokine and neuropeptide activity in cancer patients and carers	Studies have shown reductions in anxiety, improvements in mood and reductions in cardiovascular measures such as blood pressure. .
Corvo E., Skingley A., Clift S.	Community singing, wellbeing and older people: implementing and evaluating an English singing for health intervention in Rome	Results: After the singing experience, participants showed a decrease in their levels of anxiety and depression. .
Corvo E., Skingley A., Clift S.	Community singing, wellbeing and older people: implementing and evaluating an English singing for health intervention in Rome	The findings from this study are similar, therefore, in showing some reductions in anxiety and depression items. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	These members were found to experience a moderate reduction (d = 0.44) in mental distress over that time period. .
Wyatt M., Liggett S.	The Potential of Painting: Unlocking Disenfranchised Grief for People Living With Dementia	It was noted within this research that all participants anxiety decreased throughout the session. .
Muller-Pinget, S.; Carrard, I.; Ybarra, J.; Golay, A.	Dance therapy improves self-body image among obese patients.	Self-body image was hence strengthened. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	It is reasonable to expect that someone who develops such abilities in a supportive situation, and demonstrates command of them in public, will gain confidence and self-esteem. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	It had changed their lives, giving them faith in their own abilities and enabling them to value their own struggle for recognition. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	The quality in all those kinds of things were aiming for like self-esteem and respect and all that type of stuff. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	And actually a lot of those things like self-esteem come out of feeling that youve done something thats good, and strong and works... .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	you have to feel proud of them havent you? .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	Part of the recovery process involves building up self-esteem. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	a lot of those things like self-esteem come out of feeling that youve done something thats good, and strong and works. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	The self-esteem and stuff is important too, thats part of the recovery. .
Morse, N.; Thomson, L.J.M.; Brown, Z.; Chatterjee, H.J.	Effects of creative museum outreach sessions on measures of confidence, sociability and well-being for mental health and addiction recovery service-users	promote self-esteem and a sense of identity and community; and . .
Australian Expert Group in Industry Studies , AEGIS,	Social impacts of Participation in the Arts and Cultural Activities	These included community ownership, education and increased self-esteem. .
Hacking, S.; Secker, J.; Spandler, H.; Kent, L.; Shenton, J.	Evaluating the impact of participatory art projects for people with mental health needs.	The most common expected outcome, considered primary, was increased self-esteem and confidence. .
Wiseman, R.; Watt, C.	Achieving the impossible: a review of magic-based interventions and their effects on wellbeing	The work aims to boost self-esteem and provide a sense of mastery. .
Troscianko E.T.	Literary reading and eating disorders: Survey evidence of therapeutic help and harm	Especially if I like the main character and look up to them. .
Caswell M., Migoni A.A., Geraci N., Cifor M.	‘To Be Able to Imagine Otherwise’: community archives and the importance of representation	And so I think the implications are huge as far as self-realization, or pride-building, or knowledge enhancement, all of those things. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	Improved self-image and self-trust were paramount to the perceived quality of life and wellbeing of the participants. .
Ronzi S., Orton L., Pope D., Valtorta N.K., Bruce N.G.	What is the impact on health and wellbeing of interventions that foster respect and social inclusion in community-residing older adults? A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies	(i) improved attention to self-care, self-worth and enjoyment; .
Thomson L.J., Morse N., Elsden E., Chatterjee H.J.	Art, nature and mental health: assessing the biopsychosocial effects of a ‘creative green prescription’ museum programme involving horticulture, artmaking and collections	Self-esteem Another key area related in interviews was the development of self-esteem through the programme. .
Saavedra J., Arias S., Crawford P., Pérez E.	Impact of creative workshops for people with severe mental health problems: art as a means of recovery	Undoubtedly, these effects are connected with increasing self-esteem and the time-out phenomenon mentioned in the previous section. .
Waddington-Jones C., King A., Burnard P.	Exploring wellbeing and creativity through collaborative composition as part of hull 2017 city of culture	It is closely connected to goals and ambition, and it seems likely that gaining mastery or competence in a particular skill may increase self-esteem. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	He described it as a personal reward. .
Warran K., Fancourt D., Perkins R.	The experience and perceived impact of group singing for men living with cancer: A phenomenological study	But that in itself is a good thing. .
Williamson V.J., Bonshor M.	Wellbeing in brass bands: The benefits and challenges of group music making	You get a sense of achievement that can boost your self-esteem. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	Another said, It builds self-esteem and protects against relapses. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	... gives people a sense of achievement, pride in themselves and in their community. .
Bernard M., Rickett M., Pruchno R.	The cultural value of older peoples experiences of theater-making: A review	Participants also reported increased self-worth and self-advocacy. .
Kabel A., Teti M., Zhang N.	The art of resilience: photo-stories of inspiration and strength among people with HIV/AIDS	Participants also reported increased self-worth and self-advocacy. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	So I liked being the best one. .
Kochergina E.	Urban Planning Aspects of Museum Quarters as an Architectural Medium for Creative Cities	Such situation can provide flourishing self-empowered live being. .
Muller-Pinget, S.; Carrard, I.; Ybarra, J.; Golay, A.	Dance therapy improves self-body image among obese patients.	Moreover, the motivation to look after their bodies and health, change their eating behavior, and ultimately lose weight would be strengthened. .
Dahlgren, G., ; Whitehead, M.,	Policies and strategies to promote social equity in health	research for health promotion (including analysis of social inequities in health) . .
Dahlgren, G., ; Whitehead, M.,	Policies and strategies to promote social equity in health	Information and Education health promotion . .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Broadly speaking, empowering a community can be understood as providing individuals with access to tools and services such as training, education and healthcare. .
Jones M., Kimberlee R., Deave T., Evans S.	The role of community centre-based arts, leisure and social activities in promoting adult well-being and healthy lifestyles	The multiple routes for enrolment on to community centre-based activities are likely to address unmet health needs, while the development of new and potentially supportive social networks provide local assets for health. .
Beauchet O., Cooper-Brown L., Hayashi Y., Galery K., Vilcocq C., Bastien T.	Effects of thursdays at the Museum at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts on the mental and physical health of older community dwellers: The art-health randomized clinical trial protocol	This program helped to create a much broader approach to health promotion with a strong community focus. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	These programmes are used to support recovery from health issues through providing access to increased social supports and engagement in meaningful activities. .
Maritz G.U., Coetzee M.-H.	Creative synergy: Using community theatre and appreciative inquiry for young peoples critical participation in HIV prevention and education	Through the discovery and dream process it has the ability to unleash creative energy within participants. .
Jackson, A., ; McManus, R.,	SROI in the art gallery; valuing social impact	Through interacting at Turner Contemporary, the participants improve their social skills, finding it easier to socialise outside of the organisation, enabling them to enjoy a sense of belonging to the community. .
Mc L.J., Harrison I.R.	The effects of built environment design on opportunities for wellbeing in care homes	A positive result of these interventions was that they often led to social interactions. .
Ronzi S., Orton L., Pope D., Valtorta N.K., Bruce N.G.	What is the impact on health and wellbeing of interventions that foster respect and social inclusion in community-residing older adults? A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies	(ii) improved social interactions; and .
Roe B., McCormick S., Lucas T., Gallagher W., Winn A., Elkin S.	Coffee, Cake & Culture: Evaluation of an art for health programme for older people in the community	It is social and they are able to chat. .
Boyce M., Bungay H., Munn-Giddings C., Wilson C.	The impact of the arts in healthcare on patients and service users: A critical review	Other benefits to the individuals included increased enjoyment and satisfaction, and the opportunity to share and connect with others, and increased social interaction. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	It also, and perhaps crucially, represented a model of good communication which seemed, in many cases, to rehabilitate the ability to develop relationships which people could then transfer to their lives more broadly. .
Sextou P., Smith C.	Drama is for Life! Recreational Drama Activities for the Elderly in the UK	However, it is apparent that attending the group gives the participants an opportunity to enjoy a substantial amount of social interaction. .
Warran K., Fancourt D., Perkins R.	The experience and perceived impact of group singing for men living with cancer: A phenomenological study	And your social life becomes more . .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	At a basic level, they bring people together, and provide neutral spaces in which friendships can develop. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	The stimulation of social interactions helps to tackle isolation and contributes to building bonds. .
Morse, N.; Thomson, L.J.M.; Brown, Z.; Chatterjee, H.J.	Effects of creative museum outreach sessions on measures of confidence, sociability and well-being for mental health and addiction recovery service-users	provide a positive social experience, reducing social isolation; . .
Moody, E., ; Phinney, A.,	A community-engaged art program for older people: fostering social inclusion.	The findings suggest that involvement in the arts decreased social isolation, developed community networks, and helped to bring groups of people together who otherwise would not have had the opportunity. .
Shaw K.	Y21: Culture-led regeneration in twenty-first century UK city regions	The cooperative and enriching group experiences in the workshop contexts resulted in solidarity and increased social bonds, new relationships and improved communication, new friendships and reduced isolation and adult-youth interactions and facilitated relationship building between individuals of different ethnic backgrounds. .
Ronzi S., Orton L., Pope D., Valtorta N.K., Bruce N.G.	What is the impact on health and wellbeing of interventions that foster respect and social inclusion in community-residing older adults? A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies	By contrast, befriending interventions focus on improving the level of social support and decreasing loneliness through one-to-one interaction 56 . .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	Social engagement This was a process of building relationships and meaningful connections which in turn increased engagement in the program, It made me feel less lonely. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	Engagement in shared experiences leading to increased communication and interaction has the potential to address social isolation in particular. .
Caló F., Steiner A., Millar S., Teasdale S.	The impact of a community-based music intervention on the health and well-being of young people: A realist evaluation	Through the intervention, some of young people who were bullied or experienced loneliness felt safe enough to get to know people and develop new friendships. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	This kind of contact changed relationships and reduced stigma. .
Lord V.M., Hume V.J., Kelly J.L., Cave P., Silver J., Waldman M., White C., Smith C., Tanner R., Sanchez M., Man W.D.-C., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing classes for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial	mixing and meeting different people Good discussions Sense of social support Felt supported by peers in group. .
Sextou P., Smith C.	Drama is for Life! Recreational Drama Activities for the Elderly in the UK	It helps them to forge friendships. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	It can contribute to social cohesion by developing networks and understanding, and building local capacity for organisation and self-determination. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	It can contribute to social cohesion by developing networks and understanding, and building local capacity for organisation and self-determination. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Equally important are the new relationships and contacts which have strengthened networking at community level and with public and voluntary organisations. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Individual benefits translate into wider social impact by building the confidence of minority and marginalised groups, promoting contact and contributing to social cohesion. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	In this regard, the proposed theoretical framework highlights cultures main function in sustainable development consists in its ability to stimulate a system of networks, especially through building social capital and enhancing leadership and organisational skills which can forge bottom-up process of collective action and revitalisation. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	First, building a sense of community where through the enhancement of social interaction, which leads to social cohesion, social capital can be formed (encompassing the effects on those more directly involved in the experience). .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Repeated opportunities for encounters and social interaction can produce social solidarity and social cohesion through the recognition of common interests and the creation of common connections. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Therefore, the formation of groups and the consequent enhancement of community involvement, grounded on values of trust and co-operation. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Therefore, individuals that are brought together through intensive interaction and cooperation activities might foster social capital and increase their ability for community involvement in the future. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Its experiential activities provide opportunities for social interaction and the creation of common grounds, developing trust of others, establishing social bonds and building bridges in a pluralistic society (social capital); subsequently, by bringing people together and enhancing community-oriented values, these activities strengthen public and critic awareness of their life settings and enhance specific community organizational skills, which can encourage capacity for collective action and civic engagement (community involvement). .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	However, as discussed earlier, the bridging connections that bring different people together are the ones that tend to reinforce community awareness. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The focus in these studies is on the process of community members coming together to pursue shared goalshow this gives them a feeling of connectedness and belonging, develops trust, and creates organizational skills and a habit of civic involvement. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Building a Sense of Community. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	This combination of shared interests and repeated opportunities for social interaction allows people to discover additional connections, which can create social links. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Specifically, the discussion above highlights the fact that the initial steps in building a capacity for collective action entail the establishment of interactions among community residents, which can then lead to social ties (bonds and bridges), a sense of common identity, and social cohesionall precursors to social capital. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	It begins with the promotion of social interaction that leads first to the formation of social cohesion through bonds and bridges and then to the formation of social capital. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Social capital is both an output of the increasing social cohesion and community identity at the community level (stage .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Beyond the connections with individuals, some residencies offer the opportunity to build new links between the organisation and specific social groups or institutions (for example, partnerships with neighbourhood associations, community groups or social institutions). .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Social networks became also a way to build up a bridge between digital and real communities. .
Richards, G., ; Wilson , J.,	Social Capital, Cultural Festivals and Tourism in Catalunya	Was vital in underpinning a sense of community and social cohesion. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Participatory residencies could also build new links between the venue and specific social groups or institutions (for example, partnerships with neighborhood associations, community groups or social institutions). .
Australian Expert Group in Industry Studies , AEGIS,	Social impacts of Participation in the Arts and Cultural Activities	They are also interested in the development of social capital as seen in the level of community trust, the development of social networks, the evolution of different groups and the extension of social relationships and community. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Through public involvement, social networks and cohesion can be developed. .
Horton, S., ; Spence, J.,	Scoping the economic and social impact of archives.	This thinking on social impact is closely related to concepts of social capital, the web of trust, associations, everyday contacts, cooperative skills, networking which act as social glue. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	One way of serving multiple imagined communities within a geographical community is to develop linkages between communities and identify ways of working together toward common goals. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	The basic components of social capital involve a sense of belonging within a community and the desire of community members to share knowledge and personal connections among one another in order to help the community grow collectively. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	By strengthening connections between different segments of the community the projects enabled the creation of bridging social capital. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	The societal connections nurtured by the projects may prompt the participating communities to pursue future community development projects designed to bring together community members with diverse backgrounds. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	How might you use participatory programs to forge stronger bonds with your community? .
Cole N., Stenström C.	The Value of California’s Public Libraries	Robust social infrastructure fosters contact, mutual support, and collaboration. .
Habron J., Butterly F., Gordon I., Roebuck A.	Being well, being musical: Music composition as a resource and occupation for older people	The project facilitated community engagement and relationship building. .
Goulding A.	How can contemporary art contribute toward the development of social and cultural capital for people aged 64 and older	Participants developed bonding social capital with each other, bridging social capital with group leaders, and linking social capital with gallery staff and researchers. .
Vakkari, P., ; Serola, S.,	Perceived outcomes of public libraries	Thus, this enhances the validity and reliability of the measures. .
Camic P.M., Baker E.L., Tischler V.	Theorizing how art gallery interventions impact people with dementia and their caregivers	Competency Various participants appeared to achieve a sense of competency through the experience: The team was very encouraging. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Urban economies, on the other hand, are Dominanted by new, rapidly growing industries in which innovation and technology are major drivers of development. .
Macrì, E.; Limoni, C.	Artistic activities and psychological well-being perceived by patients with spinal cord injury.	Then, the art therapist supports the patients in their creative activities. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	today, it is also the rationale behind Creative People and Places, Arts Council englands major arts access programme. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	and were seen to help in pursuing creative interests and further involvement in the arts, ranging from personal work to community projects. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The way in which the arts facilitate these developmental processes is through the raising of funds for local arts projects or facilities, the running of arts organizations and community arts projects, and the advising of local arts groups. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Be SpectACTive! is a network that uses its resources to facilitate that kind of support to artists and organisations within the project. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	In a view of marketing specialists, artistic and cultural value cocreation activities are subsequently undertaken by stakeholders such as patrons and funding bodies. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	The table focusing on artist jobs is an indicator of support for arts and culture. .
Rosenstein, C.,	Cultural development and city neighborhoods.	These cultural agencies and programs serve nonprofit cultural amenities such as museums and theaters, target cultural industries such as film and music production and, more recently, have begun to focus on supporting the artistic work- force. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	At the heart of the creative economy are the creative industries. .
Lommerse M., Eggleston R., Brankovic K.	Designing Futures: A Model for Innovation, Growth and Sustainability of the Craft and Design Industry	The Cluster Program is set in the context of the cultural and socio-economic contribution that creative industries can make to communities, and the impacts of policy and funding on fostering creative futures. .
Comunian R., Mould O.	The weakest link: Creative industries, flagship cultural projects and regeneration	Therefore, it needs to be acknowledged that alongside the establishment of the named cultural flagship developments, one of the emerging patterns of support to the local creative economy has been the development of more or less sectorial networks and organization supporting people in the creative sector. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	These resources make a place unique, in terms of attractiveness and of identity. .
Lenzo P., Traverso M., Salomone R., Ioppolo G.	Social life cycle assessment in the textile sector: An italian case study	This choice will emphasize the added value of the company in the local context in which it operates. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	People who are confident and capable get or create jobs. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	Participation in Service of a Community Need or Societal Goal. .
Chowdhury A., Maiti S.K., Bhattacharyya S.	How to communicate climate change ‘impact and solutions’ to vulnerable population of Indian Sundarbans? From theory to practice	Projects can gain sustainability by the presence of strong local institution and community participation. .
Butler U.M., Princeswal M.	Cultures of participation: Young peoples engagement in the public sphere in Brazil	Such projects offer another space of participation which has to do with the involvement of recipient groups and communities in the process of planning and implementation of particular projects. .
Ander, E.; Thomson, L.; Lanceley, A.; Menon, U.; Noble, G.	Heritage, Health and Wellbeing: Assessing the impact of a heritage focused intervention on health and wellbeing.	It is also crucial that people feel a sense of relatedness to other people, so that in addition to the personal, internally focused elements, peoples social experiences - the degree to which they have supportive relationships and a sense of connection with others - form a vital aspect of well-being. .
Beeksma, A., ; Chiara , D., C.	Participatory heritage in a gentrifying neighbourhood: Amsterdam’s Van Eesteren Museum as affective space of negotiations	People are encouraged to belong to the neighbourhood and to feel connected to it. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	As a result, people's sense of community and of belonging is strengthened. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Finally, in groups, it involves social interaction and coordination and can generate feelings of belonging and social support. .
McNaughton A., Aldington S., Williams G., Levack W.M.M.	Sing Your Lungs Out: A qualitative study of a community singing group for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)	This sense of community, connection, belonging and commonality was very important to the participants. .
Schneider J.	The arts as a medium for care and self-care in dementia: Arguments and evidence	It restores a sense of community, of supporting one another, of being important to one another. .
Windle G., Newman A., Burholt V., Woods B., OBrien D., Baber M., Hounsome B., Parkinson C., Tischler V.	Dementia and Imagination: A mixed-methods protocol for arts and science research	In other words, they wish to remain socially connected. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	Environmental: referring to improvements in the surrounding area and buildings to improve the quality of life for the local population. .
Nguyen T.H.N.	Design for design - Design by community	The community is directly affected and most aware of the issues and needs of the area where they live, so they can contribute effectively to improving the environment. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Subjective well-being and engagement in arts, culture and sport.	This is also the case for historical sites. .
Widodo J., Wong Y.C., Ismail F.	DIGITAL HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE METHODOLOGY for HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT of SINGAPORE	This will enable us to protect the neighborhood identity through the understanding of the history of the neighborhood. .
Widodo J., Wong Y.C., Ismail F.	DIGITAL HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE METHODOLOGY for HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT of SINGAPORE	It will give them a good sense of heritage and to be invested in their heritage. .
Hsu K.-W., Lin M.-L., Chao J.-C., Huang S.-F.	Constructing an evaluation framework for eco-museum operations-management performance, based on the case of Jhushan, Taiwan	Cultural Inheritance Preservation of cultural heritage. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	This movement was, as expected, accompanied by an increase in tourism activity. .
Dragićević V., Bole D., Bučić A., Prodanović A.	European capital of culture: Residents perception of social benefits and costs – maribor 2012 case study Evropska prestolnica kulture: Mnenje prebivalcev o družbenih koristih in stroških dogodka – primer Maribora 2012	However, local governments and event organizers usually focus on the economic benefits of attracting as many visitors as possible. .
Yamamura T., Zhang T.X., Fujiki Y.	The social and cultural impact of tourism development on world heritage sites: A case of the Old Town of Lijiang, China, 2000-2004	Tourist shops: these targeted tourists as users of their services and purchasers of their goods. .
Evans, G.,	Measure for measure: evaluating the evidence of culture’s contribution to regeneration.	It can be a critical focus for effective and sustainable urban regeneration. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	The communication objectives of the Programme were to improve the image and the branding of the city. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	In terms of increased visibility, one can see the Programme as an opportunity for (re) inventing the tourism industry for both the city and the county, too. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	These factors, together with professional marketing efforts, create the positive image of the city - the desired impact. .
Li, Y., ; Winters, J., V.	Urbanisation, natural amenities and subjective well-being: Evidence from US counties.	More generally, policy should continually aim to improve well-being by both better leveraging the benefits of cities such as higher productivity and human capital accumulation and minimising the costs that urbanisation creates..
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	It can be a critical focus for effective and sustainable urban regeneration. .
Degen, M., ; Garcia, M.,	The Transformation of the ‘Barcelona Model’: An Analysis of Culture, Urban Regeneration.	He gave a stronger impetus to the competitive drive of the city administration. .
García, B.,	Urban Regeneration, Arts Programming and Major Events: Glasgow 1990, Sydney 2000 and Barcelona 2004	Major events are seen as effective catalysts for city regeneration processes as they are able to merge tourism strategies with urban planning and can boost the confidence of local communities. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	The promotion of creative policies has been used by urban policy makers to boost and enhance not only its economic growth and development, but also the attractiveness of the city, the quality of life, and the social integration of foreigners. .
Rahbarianyazd, R., ; Doratli, N.,	Assessing the contribution of cultural agglomeration in urban regeneration through developing cultural strategies.	They may aim to boost economic regeneration, enhance city competitiveness and bring civic pride. .
Marková B., Slach O.	Culture-led urban regeneration strategy from the governance perspective: A case study of Černá louka in Ostrava Governance kulturou tažené urbánní regenerace: Případová studie Cerná louka v Ostravě	In addition to the impact on the entire city, winning the title offered an opportunity to revitalize the decaying city center and nearby areas. .
Ozden P.	Culture-led regeneration projects in post-industrial areas: The Istanbul experience	This type of regeneration would enable these areas and also the cities to gain a new image. .
Biondi L., Demartini P., Marchegiani L., Marchiori M., Piber M.	Understanding orchestrated participatory cultural initiatives: Mapping the dynamics of governance and participation	As a consequence, the entire neighbourhood has benefited from this urban renewal project. .
Goldsmith B., O’Regan T.	LOCOMOTIVES AND STARGATES: Inner‐city studio complexes in Sydney, Melbourne and Toronto	Filmmaking contributes to urban regeneration and citybranding, and provides an attendant boost to a citys standing in tables of global cities. .
Van Steenwinkel, I.; De Casterlé, B., D.; Heylighen, A.	How architectural design affords experiences of freedom in residential care for older people.	According to residents and caregivers this enhanced the access to outdoor places. .
Coulton, S.; Clift, S.; Skingley, A.; Rodriguez, J.	Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of community singing on mental health-related quality of life of older people: Randomised controlled trial.	People indicated their enjoyment of the experience and highlighted the benefits on mental health, well-being and social relationships. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Participatory projects can encourage people to become involved in environmental improvements and make them feel better about where they live. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	The lead officer thought the project improved his relationship with local people. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Indeed, these social virtues can stimulate the critical capacity in relation to life surroundings, and self-satisfaction and can induce collective actions that meet the needs of the local reality, and therefore foster citizenship and fairer societies. .
Evans, G.,	Measure for measure: evaluating the evidence of culture’s contribution to regeneration.	Its about the physical, social and economic well being of an area; its about the quality of life in our neighbourhoods. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	And in the middle are benefits that both enhance individuals personal lives and have a desirable spillover effect on the public sphere. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	In between are benefits that enhance individual lives and also have spillover effects that benefit the public sphere. .
Delanaey, L., ; Keaney, E.,	Cultural Participation, Social Capital and Civil Renewal in the United Kingdom: Statistical Evidence from National and International Survey Data.	Individual income has a positive effect on well-being. .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	Finally, it has potential benefits for the residents. .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	Residents' social relations positively influence their subjective well-being by positively influencing .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	Residents' sense of community positively influences their subjective well-being by positively influencing .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	Residents' social environment positively influences their subjective well-being by positively influencing .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	Residents' perceived positive tourism impact positively influences their subjective well-being by positively influencing .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	Sense of community demonstrated a significant positive effect on residents' cognitive wellbeing. .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	Residents with higher household income, better housing conditions, and a higher standard of living are more satisfied with their life and are happier. .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	A higher sense of community, comprising of sense of belonging, autonomy and proudness of living in the community, contributes to residents positive cognitive well-being. .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	The benefits of social environment are easy to observe and are valued by residents. .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	Residents experience more positive affect when they perceive tourism as having positive impacts on the local community. .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	Tourism has helped to increase the standard of living, improve local infrastructure, and promote local culture and crafts. .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	Tourism can lend a hand to building a better social environment for residents. .
Li, Y., ; Winters, J., V.	Urbanisation, natural amenities and subjective well-being: Evidence from US counties.	Living in a stronger local labour market with lower unemployment rates is expected to increase well-being. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	Its about the physical, social and economic well being of an area; its about the quality of life in our neighbourhoods. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	The successful re-branding of the town has created a feel good factor among local residents. .
Landry, C., ; Bianchini, F.,	The Creative City	The result makes the city feel more friendly. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Inhabitants daily social lives should be enriched and their native sense strengthened through the revitalization projects. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Subjective well-being and engagement in arts, culture and sport.	Satisfaction with amount of leisure time, in contrast, is greater among those engaging in all of the activities considered, providing some initial evidence of the positive leisure experience associated with these activities. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	Cultural clusters are associated with a variety of positive features of neighborhoods, including higher levels of local and regional civic engagement. .
Moody, E., ; Phinney, A.,	A community-engaged art program for older people: fostering social inclusion.	Learning new skills not only provides personal fulfillment, but also allows seniors to take on new social roles and contribute to their communities in new ways. .
Afacan Y., Afacan S.O.	Rethinking social inclusivity: Design strategies for cities	Universal cities can make the city life a shared experience by all people and help its population live in a high-quality sustainable built environment for now and the future. .
Punzi L., Chia M., Cipolletta S., Dolcetti C., Galozzi P., Giovinazzi O., Tonolo S., Zava R., Pazzaglia F.	The role of architectural design for rheumatic patients’ wellbeing: The point of view of environmental psychology	This approach can allow many people to cope better with their everyday life. .
Villanueva C.M.S.	Transformations of Urban Space in Community and Pedestrian Wellbeing	The ultimate goal of a resilient society is the wellbeing of its community. .
Venerandi A., Quattrone G., Capra L.	City form and well-being: What makes London neighborhoods good places to live?	It can help urban planners and city administrators to design neighborhoods which foster the wellness of their residents. .
Kumari G., Ratnesh M., Eguruze E.S.	Role of CSR in supporting tribal handicrafts of Jharkhand	As a result, this initiative has improved the socio-economic condition of the women artisans. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	A persons functional capacity and their ability to positively engage in the world around them can heavily influence their wellbeing. .
Ronzi S., Orton L., Pope D., Valtorta N.K., Bruce N.G.	What is the impact on health and wellbeing of interventions that foster respect and social inclusion in community-residing older adults? A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies	These included the following: improved selfesteem and confidence, enjoyment and satisfaction and happiness; improved interactions and relationships with others; feeling valued; and positive perceptions towards ageing and children. .
Biondi L., Demartini P., Marchegiani L., Marchiori M., Piber M.	Understanding orchestrated participatory cultural initiatives: Mapping the dynamics of governance and participation	(Project Curator) Their welfare improved as a result, and now they are proud to live there. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	People mentioned a range of positive social impacts: Its nice to be part of a group. .
Athens L.	Design for social sustainability at Seattles central library	This enhances downtown liveability and vibrancy. .
Thompson J., Day J.	Understanding the impact and value of temporary public art sculpture trails	The impact on local pride and the feelgood factor for people interested in the place. .
Moore R.C., Straus E., Dev S.I., Parish S.M., Sueko S., Eyler L.T.	Development and pilot randomized control trial of a drama program to enhance well-being among older adults	As a result of this program, our relationship with our community partner was strengthened. .
Schneider J.	The arts as a medium for care and self-care in dementia: Arguments and evidence	The benefits that follow arguably accrue to the whole of the community by making society more diverse. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	Most participants rated their quality of life as good or very good. .
Montalto, V., ; Campagna, D., ; Caperna, G.,	Does Culture Make a Better Citizen? Exploring the Relationship Between Cultural and Civic Participation in Italy	These kinds of socio-cultural benefits are even more relevant nowadays as they can potentially reach audiences who are new to arts and culture. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	On the other hand, new technologies contribute to the aesthetics of cultural projects. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	The increased attention paid to culture as a public policy tool is a relatively new phenomenon. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	For example, the opening of a gallery where there was none before has an impact on the cultural life of that place. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	(c) new nationally comparable measures or indicators that help assess important aspects of a communitys cultural offerings. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	The Participatory Turn in Cultural Policy: Paradigms, Models, Contexts.	On the other hand, new technologies contribute to the aesthetics of cultural projects. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	At the same time, it gave birth to unexpected models of cultural and artistic experimentation. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	However, it is interesting to observe that participatory experiences in the cultural sector are leading new processes of creation, art programming and policy. .
García, B., ; Melville, R., ; Cox, T.,	Creating an Impact: Liverpool’s Experience as European Capital of Culture	This suggests that the citys cultural offer has become a key dimension of the citys contemporary profile nationwide. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Introduction Cultural districts have become a global urban phenomenon in recent decades. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	The emerging cultural policy revolution puts such topics (Culture and creative industries, Heritage, Artistic intervention, Cultural institutions and activities...) at the core of the policy agendas at regional and city levels. .
Rahbarianyazd, R., ; Doratli, N.,	Assessing the contribution of cultural agglomeration in urban regeneration through developing cultural strategies.	In general, cultural places can be manifested as new flagship projects and heritage buildings with different characteristics. .
Pastak I., Kährik A.	The impacts of culture-led flagship projects on local communities in the context of post-socialist tallinn	Culture-led urban regeneration projects are often called flagship projects. .
Mckenzie M., Hutton T.	Culture-led Regeneration in the Post-industrial Built Environment: Complements and Contradictions in Victory Square, Vancouver	This should be taken into consideration together with the new role of culture in the city. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	Cultural festivals constitute one of the most representative prototypes of cultural heritage and, at the same time, have become one of the most dynamics of the current cultural landscape. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	They provide cultural opportunities for the audiences whether local or foreign that are often innovative, avant-garde and novel, and that complement, therefore, the fixed cultural infrastructures. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	This model also allows for the promotion of inclusive cultural heritage, a new concept for some in archaeological circles. .
Dragićević V., Bole D., Bučić A., Prodanović A.	European capital of culture: Residents perception of social benefits and costs – maribor 2012 case study Evropska prestolnica kulture: Mnenje prebivalcev o družbenih koristih in stroških dogodka – primer Maribora 2012	Cultural industry is a new form of economic activities, which has attracted much attention during the past years. .
Dragićević V., Bole D., Bučić A., Prodanović A.	European capital of culture: Residents perception of social benefits and costs – maribor 2012 case study Evropska prestolnica kulture: Mnenje prebivalcev o družbenih koristih in stroških dogodka – primer Maribora 2012	They add that social and cultural impacts may involve a shared experience, increased pride, widening of cultural horizons and or new and challenging ideas. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Thus, it plays a significant role in the process and policy-making of urban planning. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	By this way, this study intends to support effective usage of measurement and evaluation techniques in urban planning process. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Such work, in cities across the nation, can take our understanding of communities and our ability to impact them positively to a new level..
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Urban renewal is intended to improve the urban environment in accordance with the changing economic and social needs of the people. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	To do so, it can engender a more sustainable relationship between heritage conservation and overall planning in urban renewal..
Navarro Yanez, C., J.	Do ‘creative cities’ have a dark side? Cultural scenes and socioeconomic status in Barcelona and Madrid (1991–2001)	The process of urban renewal linked to this strategy involves the use of new urban space, as well as the renewal of central spaces in the city. .
Stupar A., Mihajlov V., Lalovic K., Colic R., Petrovic F.	Participative placemaking in Serbia: The use of the limitless GIS application in increasing the sustainability of universal urban design	It enables the identification (and recommendation) of design elements important for improving pedestrian safety and walkability. .
Stupar A., Mihajlov V., Lalovic K., Colic R., Petrovic F.	Participative placemaking in Serbia: The use of the limitless GIS application in increasing the sustainability of universal urban design	Accordingly, all policy implications generated by the identified level of accessibility should be considered in the process of upgrading the urban environment and its sustainable features..
Horgan D., Dimitrijević B.	Frameworks for citizens participation in planning: From conversational to smart tools	Contemporary approaches to sustainable urban planning and design recognise the importance of developing place-based frameworks for development that take holistic social, economic and environmental factors into consideration. .
Horgan D., Dimitrijević B.	Frameworks for citizens participation in planning: From conversational to smart tools	This has allowed the city to take a holistic view for planning for both public services and infrastructure. .
Trevino Sherk J., Cobreros Rodriguez C.	Rural democratic design: Participatory design and service learning strategies in sustainable development to promote civic mindedness in community development	These are essential in promoting civic mindedness in community development. .
Kochergina E.	Urban Planning Aspects of Museum Quarters as an Architectural Medium for Creative Cities	Thus, strong well-being core in urban structure becomes the next advantage. .
Urbanowicz K., Nyka L.	Interactive and Media Architecture - From Social Encounters to City Planning Strategies	If correlated well with the city planning strategies, they could serve as a successful 'bottom-up' planning tools for revitalisation of the problematic or dysfunctional spaces in the city. .
Afacan Y., Afacan S.O.	Rethinking social inclusivity: Design strategies for cities	The next section deals with social inclusivity within the context of universal urban design, which plays a significant role as a basic government policy to cope with the benefits and drawbacks of urbanisation. .
Afacan Y., Afacan S.O.	Rethinking social inclusivity: Design strategies for cities	According to government policy, providing well-designed inner and outer urban areas for now and the future is an essential requirement for sustainable communities. .
Afacan Y., Afacan S.O.	Rethinking social inclusivity: Design strategies for cities	A better understanding of the relationship between socially responsive urban design strategies and sustainable developments would be of value in promoting social inclusion and achieving a holistic approach in cities. .
Afacan Y., Afacan S.O.	Rethinking social inclusivity: Design strategies for cities	The inclusion of universal design principles alongside mat urbanism strategies can contribute significantly to attain the objectives of social sustainability fully within a built environment and successfully respond to efficiency in land use and flexibility in inner and outer city areas. .
Afacan Y., Afacan S.O.	Rethinking social inclusivity: Design strategies for cities	Therefore, achieving a sustainable performance within cities is highly correlated with implementing an appropriate design strategy along an overall consideration of a range of environmental design concerns, such as ergonomics guidelines, accessibility standards, building codes and urban planning specifications. .
Friesinger J.G., Topor A., Bøe T.D., Larsen I.B.	Studies regarding supported housing and the built environment for people with mental health problems: A mixed-methods literature review	The way the built environment is constructed matters. .
Capolongo S., Rebecchi A., Dettori M., Appolloni L., Azara A., Buffoli M., Capasso L., Casuccio A., Conti G.O., D’amico A., Ferrante M., Moscato U., Oberti I., Paglione L., Restivo V., D’alessandro D.	Healthy design and urban planning strategies, actions, and policy to achieve salutogenic cities	Design strategies, actions, and policies, identified to improve public health and wellbeing, underline that the connection between morphological and functional features of urban context and public health is crucial for contemporary cities and modern societies. .
Capolongo S., Rebecchi A., Dettori M., Appolloni L., Azara A., Buffoli M., Capasso L., Casuccio A., Conti G.O., D’amico A., Ferrante M., Moscato U., Oberti I., Paglione L., Restivo V., D’alessandro D.	Healthy design and urban planning strategies, actions, and policy to achieve salutogenic cities	This is crucial to the understanding of how to allow the city to improve its development and protect the well-being of its citizens. .
Capolongo S., Rebecchi A., Dettori M., Appolloni L., Azara A., Buffoli M., Capasso L., Casuccio A., Conti G.O., D’amico A., Ferrante M., Moscato U., Oberti I., Paglione L., Restivo V., D’alessandro D.	Healthy design and urban planning strategies, actions, and policy to achieve salutogenic cities	Indeed, it is an approach of actions and policies aimed at improving local neighborhoods and city gathering places. .
Venerandi A., Quattrone G., Capra L.	City form and well-being: What makes London neighborhoods good places to live?	Outcomes of this research can inform the discussion on how to design cities which foster the wellbeing of their residents. .
Venerandi A., Quattrone G., Capra L.	City form and well-being: What makes London neighborhoods good places to live?	Method and outcome can help urban planners and administrators in shaping cities which foster the well-being of their residents. .
Środa-Murawska S.	Railway feat. culture – Rumia library effect as an example of the influence of culture-led regeneration in a medium-sized city in Poland	Nowadays, good-quality public space can determine the development of a city. .
Cerreta M., Daldanise G., Sposito S.	Culture-led regeneration for urban spaces Monitoring complex values networks in action	This allows the identification of more appropriate actions for the regeneration of buildings and urban spaces to be taken. .
Ozden P.	Culture-led regeneration projects in post-industrial areas: The Istanbul experience	This allows the identification of more appropriate actions for the regeneration of buildings and urban spaces to be taken. .
Vardopoulos I., Stamopoulos C., Chatzithanasis G., Michalakelis C., Giannouli P., Pastrapa E.	Considering urban development paths and processes on account of adaptive reuse projects	More broadly, findings from the current research could be valuable to decision-makers and involved stakeholders aiming to achieve successful sustainable urban development. .
Lange-Valdés C.	Architecture as an apparatus of urban regeneration: 20 years of the Bilbao Guggenheim Museum La arquitectura como dispositivo de regeneración urbana: 20 años del Museo Guggenheim Bilbao	The foregoing merits a detailed review regarding its ability to produce new forms of urbanity. .
Collazo A.A.	Progress, mobility and Urban regeneration in a traditional neighbourhood: El Encino, Mexico	In the pursuit of a sustainable city it is necessary to promote healthy and functional neighbourhoods. .
Plaza B., Tironi M., Haarich S.N.	Bilbaos art scene and the Guggenheim effect revisited	This newly emerged art cluster is the result of a comprehensive urban regeneration strategy with the goal to improve local urban structures, social integration and quality of life. .
Małuj J., Załuski D.	Emotional and Social Potential of Art in the City	The visionary and artistic approach to shaping the urbanized space and creating a committed art of improving living conditions have often carved reality. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	This data indicates that inhabitants of the neighbouring municipalities use the city on a daily basis. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	Signs of a vibrant culture of active participation are all around us. .
Arikan, Y., ; Clark, T., N.; Noonan, D., S.; Tolley, G.,	The arts, Bohemian scenes, and income.	The New Urbanism added pedestrianism and street life. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Cities are territory of dense networks of interacting people, markets and activities. .
Urbanowicz K., Nyka L.	Interactive and Media Architecture - From Social Encounters to City Planning Strategies	Actually, the range of urban interactive and media installations is noticeably expanding. .
Arikan Y., Clark T.N., Noonan D.S., Tolley G.	The arts, Bohemian scenes, and income	The New Urbanism added pedestrianism and street life. .
Hinrichs U., Jacucci G., Valkanova N., Carpendale S., Kuikkaniemi K., Arroyo E.	Large displays in urban life - From exhibition halls to media facades	Recent trends show an increasing prevalence of large interactive displays in public urban life. .
Hinrichs U., Jacucci G., Valkanova N., Carpendale S., Kuikkaniemi K., Arroyo E.	Large displays in urban life - From exhibition halls to media facades	Recent years have shown a proliferation of large interactive displays in urban life environments. .
Breed A.	Environmental aesthetics, social engagement and aesthetic experiences in Central Asia	The street was full of people. .
Cavalcanti A.R.C.	How does work shape informal cities? The critical design of cities and housing in brazilian slums	This leads to a greater presence of tighter, more close-knit communities. .
Stanczyk M.M.	Music therapy in supportive cancer care	Improvisation can improve communication and self-expression. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	This can enhance the quality and capacity for dialogue. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Because it values relationship and community. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Fostering trust between participants and thereby increasing their generalized trust of others. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Providing an experience of collective efficacy and civic engagement, which spurs participants to further collective action... to be a source of pride for residents (participants and nonparticipants alike) in their community, increasing their sense of connection to that community. .
Montalto, V., ; Tacao Moura, C., J.; Langedijk, S., ; Saisana, M.,	Culture counts: An empirical approach to measure the cultural and creative vitality of European cities.	However, greater levels of generalised trust may be found in smaller cities due to a stronger sense of community. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	To summarize, individuals with larger and denser interpersonal discussion networks about culture-related topics had more positive perceptions of life satisfaction and social support. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Social cohesion Social cohesion refers to the extent of connectedness and solidarity among groups in society. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	Fostering trust between participants and thereby increasing their generalized trust of others Providing an experience of collective efficacy and civic engagement, which spurs participants to further collective action Arts events may be a source of pride for residents (participants and nonparticipants alike) in their community, increasing their sense of connection to that community. .
Beeksma, A., ; Chiara , D., C.	Participatory heritage in a gentrifying neighbourhood: Amsterdam’s Van Eesteren Museum as affective space of negotiations	This form of citizenship centres on feelings of local belonging and makes people feel that a certain place is truly home. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	The experience of working together The project did indeed significantly lift the spirit of the community and bond them in a difficult time. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Sense of community and cultural identity Sense of community can be defined as a feeling that members have of belonging, a feeling that members matter to one another and to the group, and a shared faith that members' needs will be met through their commitment to be together. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Moreover, feelings of attachment help inhabitants find their roots and strengthen their sense of local identity, belonging and security. .
Bygren, L.O.; Konlaan, B.B.; Johansson, S.E.	Attendance at cultural events, reading books or periodicals, and making music or singing in a choir as determinants for survival: Swedish interview survey of living conditions	Attending cultural events widens a social network and gives the feeling of belonging to a group, and this in itself could be the important determinant of survival. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Regular interactions with cultural communities, organizations, families, and neighbours foster a sense of belonging, home, and social location. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Ultimately, this bridging may generate a broader community identity and sense of reciprocity within the community. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	These activities can build loyalty and buy-in to the organizations mission, and foster a sense of community. .
Jackson, A., ; McManus, R.,	SROI in the art gallery; valuing social impact	Outcome 2 - they strengthened their social networks Participants improve their ability to form better and stronger relationships and therefore feel less lonely and experience a sense of belonging to the community. .
Moody, E., ; Phinney, A.,	A community-engaged art program for older people: fostering social inclusion.	Community refers to a group of relationships that can be relied on to help people meet their social needs, and includes not only family and close friends but also those who have a meaningful role in each others lives. .
Kosk K.	Social Participation in Residential Architecture as an Instrument for Transforming Both the Architecture and the People Who Participate in It	This occurs because by participating in joint events with other residents, human identifies with both the place and the people who become close to them. .
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	Moreover, the classes allowed them to strengthen ties with close friends and family through sharing their new interests, and they enjoyed enhanced well-being linked both to more positive moods and a sense of belonging. .
Biondi L., Demartini P., Marchegiani L., Marchiori M., Piber M.	Understanding orchestrated participatory cultural initiatives: Mapping the dynamics of governance and participation	As one example of a social benefit, they begun to positively identify themselves with the district, from which a sense of belonging emerged. .
Peterson M.	Living with difference in hyper-diverse areas: how important are encounters in semi-public spaces? Vécu de la différence dans les quartiers hyper-divers : importance des rencontres dans les espaces semi-publics El vivir con lo diferente en zonas excesivamente diversas: ¿cuán importantes son los encuentros en espacios semi-públicos?	In groups organized around a shared ethnicity or culture, the intense encounters between participants facilitate not just new friendships but the development of family-like ties. .
Peterson M.	Living with difference in hyper-diverse areas: how important are encounters in semi-public spaces? Vécu de la différence dans les quartiers hyper-divers : importance des rencontres dans les espaces semi-publics El vivir con lo diferente en zonas excesivamente diversas: ¿cuán importantes son los encuentros en espacios semi-públicos?	The groups meetings made her and the other women grow closer together as a group; like family. .
Peterson M.	Living with difference in hyper-diverse areas: how important are encounters in semi-public spaces? Vécu de la différence dans les quartiers hyper-divers : importance des rencontres dans les espaces semi-publics El vivir con lo diferente en zonas excesivamente diversas: ¿cuán importantes son los encuentros en espacios semi-públicos?	Regarding visitors feelings of belonging and home, both the friend-like interactions at the centre and the fleeting encounters at the library result in a heightened sense of familiarity and connectedness with the neighbourhood and others. .
Peterson M.	Living with difference in hyper-diverse areas: how important are encounters in semi-public spaces? Vécu de la différence dans les quartiers hyper-divers : importance des rencontres dans les espaces semi-publics El vivir con lo diferente en zonas excesivamente diversas: ¿cuán importantes son los encuentros en espacios semi-públicos?	The personal and social bonding attained through light as well as deeper encounters, consequently, makes people feel more at home at the centre and beyond. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	The fact that they were part of a largely public celebration seemed to enhance the sense of belonging and collective identity associated with their participation. .
Thomson L.J., Morse N., Elsden E., Chatterjee H.J.	Art, nature and mental health: assessing the biopsychosocial effects of a ‘creative green prescription’ museum programme involving horticulture, artmaking and collections	This shared understanding of each other played a key role in building a sense of community in the programme. .
Roe B., McCormick S., Lucas T., Gallagher W., Winn A., Elkin S.	Coffee, Cake & Culture: Evaluation of an art for health programme for older people in the community	The residents bonded well with each other and friendships among residents developed as had shared experiences. .
Deane K., Fitch M., Carman M.	An innovative art therapy program for cancer patients.	And the feeling of bonding and friendship with the other participants, you know, who are going through. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	Because then it builds stronger friendships. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	(Survey respondent) The closeness and camaraderie that developed through the participatory arts built social connections, for example, some residents in stage 1 described their new group identity as being a member of a club: Yes, its made it more a communal feeling. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	I think that definitely benefitted with certain friendships, because friendships have grown here. .
Waddington-Jones C., King A., Burnard P.	Exploring wellbeing and creativity through collaborative composition as part of hull 2017 city of culture	It is likely that the sharing of these personal experiences facilitated socioemotional bonding between the group members. .
Garcia Yeste C., Gairal Casadó R., Munté Pascual A., Plaja Viñas T.	Dialogic literary gatherings and out-of-home child care: Creation of new meanings through classic literature	Thus, DLGs strengthened their feeling of community, which directly influenced the students to feel closer to one another. .
Garcia Yeste C., Gairal Casadó R., Munté Pascual A., Plaja Viñas T.	Dialogic literary gatherings and out-of-home child care: Creation of new meanings through classic literature	Consequently, knowing one another better promoted greater friendship and a desire to be helpful. .
Forbes M.	“We’re pushing back”: Group singing, social identity, and caring for a spouse with Parkinson’s	For some caregivers, the group provided support because it created genuine friendships and deep relationships. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Jetten J., Rowan C.	Identification with arts-based groups improves mental wellbeing in adults with chronic mental health conditions	Participation in the groups only improved mental wellbeing when participants saw the group as an important part of their identity. .
Stanczyk M.M.	Music therapy in supportive cancer care	Participating in music therapy facilitates an increased sense of community, of belonging to a group. .
Pearce E., Launay J., Machin A., Dunbar R.I.M.	Is Group Singing Special? Health, Well-Being and Social Bonds in Community-Based Adult Education Classes	These shared goals, attention foci and successes are all likely to enhance feelings of closeness and affiliation with the group. .
Pearce E., Launay J., Machin A., Dunbar R.I.M.	Is Group Singing Special? Health, Well-Being and Social Bonds in Community-Based Adult Education Classes	These were taken to represent how close or connected a participant felt to their class as a whole group. .
Sextou P., Smith C.	Drama is for Life! Recreational Drama Activities for the Elderly in the UK	This would suggest that the class not only forged friendships but also supported and benefitted most of the participants on a social level. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	It therefore better equips collectivities and communities to enter into relationships and cooperate with others as equals. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Indeed, a deeper level of trust and identity among community members (to support future undertakings) builds community capacity for collective action. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	In turn, when bringing people together, it helps to increase public awareness and to improve group planning and organising activities, the core bases of community empowerment for collective action. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	It describes the capacity for mutual co-operation towards the collective well-being within a community or wider society. .
Kesler T., Gibson L., Jr., Turansky C.	Bringing the book to life: Responding to historical fiction using digital storytelling	It is also expected in a community engaged in authentic joint activity. .
Frishkopf, M.; Hamze, H.; Alhassan, M.; Zukpeni, I., A.; Abu, S.; Zakus, D.	Performing arts as a social technology for community health promotion in northern Ghana.	Thank you for this positive move in our community. .
Hill Strategies , R.,	Social Effects of the Arts: Exploratory Statistical Evidence.	The connections formed at the neighbourhood level can have an important impact on peoples identities and pride. .
Žilič Fišer S., Kožuh I.	The Impact of Cultural Events on Community Reputation and Pride in Maribor, The European Capital of Culture 2012	Participation was, however, found to have a statistically significant effect on community pride. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	They are typically essential to building cross-sector cooperation among different groups for sustaining this community mobilization. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Additionally, these new relationships with other sectors (social, economic, educational, youth) allow for new spaces of intersection and convergence that, in turn, enhance greater institutional support, commitment and/or coordination. .
Mc L.J., Harrison I.R.	The effects of built environment design on opportunities for wellbeing in care homes	These points of interconnection formed hubs for communication and interaction. .
Lommerse M., Eggleston R., Brankovic K.	Designing Futures: A Model for Innovation, Growth and Sustainability of the Craft and Design Industry	Participants were able to share knowledge and information due to the broadening of their networks. .
Lommerse M., Eggleston R., Brankovic K.	Designing Futures: A Model for Innovation, Growth and Sustainability of the Craft and Design Industry	Strengthened teamwork and support networks have been evident in subsequent interaction outside the workshops and in participants assisting each other at special events. .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	I suppose thats an excellence element. .
Athens L.	Design for social sustainability at Seattles central library	The views are indeed spectacular, providing orientation to the surrounding neighborhood and a sense of place within the urban context. .
Racicot-Matta, C.; Wilcke, M.; Egeland, G., M.	Development of radio dramas for health communication pilot intervention in Canadian Inuit communities.	Building community capacity was an additional benefit of using the Participatory Process. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	New skills and confidence can be empowering as community groups become more (and more equitably) involved in local affairs. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	By fostering a sense of collective identity, by increasing community confidence and the willingness of individuals to cooperate, a dynamic and diverse culture will be a significant contributor to community development. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	These activities can provide an important basis for building social capital and community identity. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	In this way, they may hope to become key participants in developing their communities. .
Marková B., Slach O.	Culture-led urban regeneration strategy from the governance perspective: A case study of Černá louka in Ostrava Governance kulturou tažené urbánní regenerace: Případová studie Cerná louka v Ostravě	A cultural cluster can create an essential identification element for local residents and strengthen regional identity. .
Killick A.	Resisting the creative economy on Liverpools north shore: Art-based political communication in practice	Its just that we hope we have more of a community conscious idea of our place in all of this, which is clearly missing from other peoples re-generational ideas. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	This awareness calls for a reflection on cultural and social dynamics capable of contributing to the process of empowerment of local communities. .
Russell M.G.	Evolving media metrics from assumed attention to earned engagement	It is imperative to understand the relevance and role of community in empowerment, sharing, and leadership for communication and influence. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	The greater our exposure to other views of human experience, the better we understand ourselves as individuals, communities and societies: open and diverse cultural expression enables a broad range of views and beliefs to be communicated. .
Ylipulli J., Luusua A.	“Without libraries what have we? : Public libraries as nodes for technological empowerment in the era of smart cities, AI and big data	The implementation of these objectives is based on sense of community, pluralism and cultural diversity. .
Secker J., Heydinrych K., Kent L., Keay J.	Why art? Exploring the contribution to mental well-being of the creative aspects and processes of visual art-making in an arts and mental health course	Research with more diverse populations may contribute further to understanding of the impact on mental well-being of engaging in creative processes..
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	On the other hand, they foment bridging by breaking down barriers based on cultural differences, enabling a better understanding of the world around and developing opportunities to discuss social problems and participate in civil society. .
Bird J.M., Karageorghis C.I.	A Grounded Theory of Music-Video Use in an Exercise Facility	The social process of accommodation entails individuals or groups making adjustments to a new situation in order to resolve conflict and promote equilibrium. .
Deane K., Fitch M., Carman M.	An innovative art therapy program for cancer patients.	A knowledgeable, compassionate, flexible, and thoughtful facilitator created an atmosphere of respect and openness. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	But a community artist must respect other peoples decisions, and the values and judgements on which they are based, even when they do not share them. .
McGarry J., Bowden D.	Unlocking stories: Older womens experiences of intimate partner violence told through creative expression	They did this collectively and with mutual respect for each others opinions. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	Cultural participation in all forms therefore tends to promote group interaction and cooperation. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	We have seen that culture contributes to people's willingness to cooperate both directly and through increased understanding and strengthened identity. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	D. Building a sense of community As identified in the empirical work review, cultural activities provide opportunities through different inputs for people to come together and interact. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	A further shift in the rationale of participatory arts practices lies in the new attention towards social interaction between different groups and intercultural encounter and exchange. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	At the same time that cultural engagement fosters community-building processes at the neighborhood level, it also generates cross-community connections that bridge traditional barriers of social class, ethnicity, and geography. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	Culture is more than ever a tool to address local and global challenges, to connect people, to innovate, to acquire knowledge or to generate intercultural dialogue and collaboration - ultimately leading to more peaceful and united societies. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	(i) the promotion of cultural diversity and intercultural dialogue; .
Felton E., Vichie K., Moore E.	Widening participation creatively: creative arts education for social inclusion	This tended to have the effect of enhancing their engagement and emphasizes the importance of the relationship between student and facilitator. .
Caswell M.	Community-centered collecting: Finding out what communities want from community archives	Responses reflecting this theme commented on cultural awareness, the success of bridging two cultures, and the respondents ability to adapt. .
Ylipulli J., Luusua A.	“Without libraries what have we? : Public libraries as nodes for technological empowerment in the era of smart cities, AI and big data	Moreover, the activities seem to support inclusion, participation, and multicultural and multigenerational encounters. .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	For example, the various program components enabled learning, connection, activity, opportunities to engage with others, and shared experiences to occur. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	This led to an enhanced relationship, which spread out into other facets of her life in the hostel as she began to relate to others. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	A high level of enjoyment and engagement with the sessions was found, which supported easier communication and social engagement. .
Shim A., Yecies B., Ren X., Wang D.	Cultural intermediation and the basis of trust among webtoon and webnovel communities	Such cultural intermediaries might best be described as facilitators of cross-cultural flows. .
Walwema J.	Digital notebooks: Composing with open access	What sorts of intercultural communication competencies must we develop and foster? .
Bridger A.J., Emmanouil S., Lawthom R.	Trace.space: a psychogeographical community project with members of an arts and health organisation	Here the workshops enabled a productive dialogue across different arenas, where we coproduced new knowledge collectively and in collaboration with each other, in what we hope can be seen in the spirit of participatory creativity. .
Lu Q., Zheng D., Young L., Kagawa-Singer M., Loh A.	A pilot study of expressive writing intervention among Chinese-speaking breast cancer survivors	In addition, the CBPR enabled the development of true partnership between researchers and the community, which paved the way for designing culturally relevant and appropriate research, promoting the program's sustainability and dissemination, and facilitating further collaboration between community and researchers. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	During this phase many stakeholders and partners came together to deliver a cultural base community development program in the area. .
Chowdhury A., Maiti S.K., Bhattacharyya S.	How to communicate climate change ‘impact and solutions’ to vulnerable population of Indian Sundarbans? From theory to practice	Collaboration with multiple stakeholders was encouraged in these training programs. .
Tischler V., Howson-Griffiths T., Hedd-Jones C.H., Windle G.	Using art for public engagement: reflections on the Dementia and Imagination project	For the project team, public engagement developed relationships with collaborators and connected the research to different community settings, influencing future programmes of work. .
Pettersson C.	Psychological well-being, improved self-confidence, and social capacity: bibliotherapy from a user perspective	Interviews clarified that their social well-being had been positively influenced in various ways, including greater self-confidence and increased social interaction. .
Caló F., Steiner A., Millar S., Teasdale S.	The impact of a community-based music intervention on the health and well-being of young people: A realist evaluation	Our findings show that the intervention achieved a positive impact on the self-confidence, well-being and engagement of disadvantaged young people. .
Caló F., Steiner A., Millar S., Teasdale S.	The impact of a community-based music intervention on the health and well-being of young people: A realist evaluation	Bespoke approaches that are closer to the beneficiaries seem more likely to positively impact upon the engagement and well-being of disadvantaged young people. .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	The fun spirit and welcoming feel of the group has the effect of assisting new community members through a major life function whilst having a positive impact on the individuals psychological state. .
Young R., Camic P.M., Tischler V.	The impact of community-based arts and health interventions on cognition in people with dementia: A systematic literature review	A welcoming environment where participants feel valued may contribute significantly to how participants respond. .
Coulton, S.; Clift, S.; Skingley, A.; Rodriguez, J.	Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of community singing on mental health-related quality of life of older people: Randomised controlled trial.	Community group singing appears to have a significant effect on mental health-related quality of life, anxiety and depression, and it may be a useful intervention to maintain and enhance the mental health of older people..
Coulton, S.; Clift, S.; Skingley, A.; Rodriguez, J.	Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of community singing on mental health-related quality of life of older people: Randomised controlled trial.	Our primary hypothesis explored the potential benefits of singing groups on maintaining the mental health-related quality of life of older people. .
Coulton, S.; Clift, S.; Skingley, A.; Rodriguez, J.	Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of community singing on mental health-related quality of life of older people: Randomised controlled trial.	This suggests that the greatest benefit occurs when participants are engaged in singing groups and continued access to singing groups may confer important benefits on the mental health of the older population. .
Coulton, S.; Clift, S.; Skingley, A.; Rodriguez, J.	Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of community singing on mental health-related quality of life of older people: Randomised controlled trial.	We have undertaken an observational study of group singing for people with enduring and severe mental health issues over a year, and this demonstrated clinically important improvement in mental health outcomes. .
Daykin, N.; Mansfield, L.; Meads, C.	What Works for Wellbeing? A systematic review of wellbeing outcomes for music and singing in adults.	Music and singing have been shown to be effective in enhancing morale and reducing risk of depression in older people. .
Daykin, N.; Mansfield, L.; Meads, C.	What Works for Wellbeing? A systematic review of wellbeing outcomes for music and singing in adults.	Conclusions: There is reliable evidence for positive effects of music and singing on wellbeing in adults. .
Daykin, N.; Mansfield, L.; Meads, C.	What Works for Wellbeing? A systematic review of wellbeing outcomes for music and singing in adults.	Taken together, the studies broadly support the use of music and singing to enhance wellbeing and reduce or prevent depression in adults across the life span. .
Daykin, N.; Mansfield, L.; Meads, C.	What Works for Wellbeing? A systematic review of wellbeing outcomes for music and singing in adults.	For older adults, there is convincing evidence that regular participation in community music and singing activities can enhance and maintain wellbeing and prevent isolation, depression and mental ill health. .
Daykin, N.; Mansfield, L.; Meads, C.	What Works for Wellbeing? A systematic review of wellbeing outcomes for music and singing in adults.	Furthermore, interventions such as group singing may lead to improvements in wellbeing and quality of life for adults with a range of chronic conditions and in sensitive settings such as palliative care. .
Jeannotte, M., S.	Singing alone? The contribution of cultural capital to social cohesion and sustainable communities	Indeed, preliminary evidence would suggest that even singing alone may be a transfor mative experience and one of the key elements ofa sustainable community..
Goldenberg, R. B.	Singing Lessons for Respiratory Health: A Literature Review	Recently, several studies have explored the efficacy of music, and in particular, singing, as an effective psychological and physiological therapy. .
Goldenberg, R. B.	Singing Lessons for Respiratory Health: A Literature Review	The author concluded that singing training was helpful to disease management and may improve patients quality of life. .
Goldenberg, R. B.	Singing Lessons for Respiratory Health: A Literature Review	The authors concluded singing has a positive impact on overall health. .
Goldenberg, R. B.	Singing Lessons for Respiratory Health: A Literature Review	Quality of life improvements were attributed to the social interaction of group singing classes. .
Goldenberg, R. B.	Singing Lessons for Respiratory Health: A Literature Review	They reported working toward a goal gave them hope for the future and singing lifted their spirits, improved their mood, and increased their confidence. .
Goldenberg, R. B.	Singing Lessons for Respiratory Health: A Literature Review	They also reported they believed singing had helped improve their breathing and posture. .
Goldenberg, R. B.	Singing Lessons for Respiratory Health: A Literature Review	Grape et al39 found that singing lessons promote well-being in amateur singers. .
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	Its hard to know whether that is due to the act of singing (required breathing, focus and concentration and therefore being a mindful distraction) or whether the active support of the group lifts me. I personally feel that the two act together with a synergy which is particularly effective. .
Lindblad K., de Boise S.	Musical engagement and subjective wellbeing amongst men in the third age	Singing in a choir can lead to positive emotional experiences, making friends, achieving a sense of mastery and meaning, and staying active in both mind and body (Balsnes, 2018; Clift et al., 2010). .
Lindblad K., de Boise S.	Musical engagement and subjective wellbeing amongst men in the third age	When I listen to music I can relax, but when I sing I cant relax. .
Lindblad K., de Boise S.	Musical engagement and subjective wellbeing amongst men in the third age	He judged that the singing had a positive effect on both of them, making the contact less tense and more positive, creating moments of reminiscence and emotional wellbeing. .
Ronzi S., Orton L., Pope D., Valtorta N.K., Bruce N.G.	What is the impact on health and wellbeing of interventions that foster respect and social inclusion in community-residing older adults? A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies	Music and singing, intergenerational interventions, art and culture and multi-activity interventions were associated with an overall positive impact on health outcomes. .
Ronzi S., Orton L., Pope D., Valtorta N.K., Bruce N.G.	What is the impact on health and wellbeing of interventions that foster respect and social inclusion in community-residing older adults? A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies	This review suggests that music and singing, intergenerational initiatives, art and culture and multi-activity interventions may positively impact on wellbeing, subjective health, quality of life and physical and mental health. .
Núñez S.	Medicinal drumming: An ancient and modern day healing approach	Consonant vocalizations synergize the energy created by drumming and when used in concert with drumming or a cappella will enhance relaxation, stimulate physiological responses, deepen a state of consciousness, and elevate the spirit. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	Singing is very beneficial to health and it is energising. .
Ray K.D., Götell E.	The use of music and music therapy in ameliorating depression symptoms and improving well-being in nursing home residents with dementia	In music therapy, singing can lead to a sense of wellbeing as indicated by positive self-esteem, a sense of accomplishment and feelings of belonging (9). .
Ray K.D., Götell E.	The use of music and music therapy in ameliorating depression symptoms and improving well-being in nursing home residents with dementia	For caregivers, the use of Music Therapeutic Caregiving, which involves singing while providing care, has been shown to evoke positive emotions, reduce aggression, and create a sense of mutuality (10). .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Many studies have shown that singers report a wide range of social, psychological, spiritual, and health benefits associated with singing, and in this study we hypothesised that choral singing has a positive effect on a number of important dimensions of the choristers quality of life. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	(2017, forthcoming) The findings of this study supported the study hypothesis that choral singing is associated with enhanced health and well-being, in particular with the physical, psychological, and social dimensions of well-being. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The choristers considered that they received major positive and beneficial effects from their choir activity. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	As a result of joining the choir, I had a social outlet and I found singing to be very therapeutic. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Raising mood and relieving stress were amongst the most frequently mentioned psychological benefits of singing. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The comments made by choristers emphasised how choral singing resulted in improving their quality of life by providing a relaxed and calm environment where all could enjoy a sense of unity and friendship. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Findings from this study suggest that choral singing plays a very important role in psychological health as a component of the quality of life and also has benefits for emotional well-being. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	It is reasonable to argue that singing plays an important part in maintaining a positive perception of stable physical health. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Some of the reasons were music-related (the importance of singing in their lives and experiencing pleasure from singing without pressure); however, interestingly, the majority of the reasons were tied to social and health benefits. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Supporting previous research, participation in the singing group provided the opportunity to experience benefits to health and well-being, including experiencing and working through emotions, socialising with other people and sharing experiences and creating purpose and meaning in life. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	This improves significantly after involvement in singing or music listening activities (Koelsch et al. 2010), demonstrating the powerful nature of emotional expression through music. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Choir singing is one intervention that combines language and music in safe and enjoyable ways. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	When choir members become synchronised, they experience feelings of well-being. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Accordingly, choir singing was found to relax the vagus nerve, resulting in feelings of well-being and connectedness. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	This can be of benefit when depressed choir members practise their songs between choir meetings. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	They also reported significant improvements to their quality of life, emotional well-being, self-confidence and appreciation of singing. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Their research suggested that the choir engendered positive feelings, joyful and uplifting experiences, positive moods, increased happiness and enjoyment and distraction from internal negative thoughts and feelings. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Choir participation generated improved moods and social interactions. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	They described increased positive feelings and well-being, reduced stress, improved self-perceptions, improved singing abilities, feelings of belonging to a group, connecting with the local community, increased social networks and social functioning. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Some participant comments supported these results: Just singing uplifts me and definitely had a positive effect on my state of mind; social interactions been good, feel like we really achieved something. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The choir leader found that the choir singing promoted social engagement, lessening depressive symptoms. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Conclusion This chapter explored the power of music to improve depressive symptoms through therapeutic and community choirs, thereby improving health equity and promoting social justice. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Health and Well-Being Benefits of Singing for Older People Introduction Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Much of this research has focused on the value of singing for older people in community and care settings. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	This review provides an overview of the growing body of research evidence on the value of singing for the well-being and health of older people. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	It reported strong evidence on the positive effects of singing on feelings of happiness and well-being. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Choir members reported that singing increases happiness, gives a positive attitude to life, improves well-being and releases negative feelings. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Hearing the harmonies helps me forget family worries When recovering from a major stroke, singing was one of the ways of lifting my spirits out of depression Deep breathing, essential for singing, is one method of helping with signs of anxiety and stress You are kept fit by choral singing because you breathe correctly and engage your whole body in the activity I think choral singing is a particularly valuable and worthwhile activity with a real sense of achievement at a time when one might be feeling ones usefulness is declining The themes reflected in these comments are found in further studies of older singers in established choirs throughout the world. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Significant benefits in quality of life for the singers were found, including reduced levels of anxiety and depression at three months, and improved mental health-related quality of life at three months and six months follow up. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Improvements may reflect the muscle strengthening effects of singing. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Qualitative feedback from patients in both studies indicates clear physical, psychological and social benefits from singing. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Group singing was described as an enjoyable social activity and participation was perceived as improving mood, language, breathing and voice. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Mood was particularly found to increase for those who had lower mental well-being, and patients and carers (who also had the highest levels of depression) experienced the greatest short-term improvement in mood across the singing session. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Qualitative data showed clearly that singing promoted well-being for all participants. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The social experience of group singing with people experiencing similar problems was important. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Level of engagement in the singing activity was also associated with the degree of improvement. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Furthermore, the group members expressed positive feelings after each singing session, with an increased sense of accomplishment and belonging. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The programme objective was for participants to discover and experience the joy of singing. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The choir experience helped participants gain a sense of community and a sense of purpose; it increased their confidence, mood, energy, and alertness; and it established a positive climate. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Participation in the choir made them feel part of the community, improved their mood and made them feel valued, giving purpose to their lives. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Interestingly, participants chose to learn new songs and felt that this was the main benefit of the choir. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The study concluded that a music therapist-led choir was an effective psychosocial intervention for reducing depression and improving quality of life in older adults. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	As one participant, Joy, noted, when people can sing in their mother language it creates happiness. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Nevertheless, individuals felt excited, happy and proud to sing songs in their own language, indicating elements of strong self-identity. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	In line with growing evidence of the health benefits of singing, this study aimed to explore participants perceptions of the impact of a service-user-led community pain choir on their psychological wellbeing, self-efficacy and relationships with their chronic pain. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	Participants narratives provided support for participation in the choir in enhancing positive affect, self-worth, interpersonal relationships and overall wellbeing. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	Singing has been shown to improve emotional and mental wellbeing as it promotes positive affect, cognitive stimulation and regular commitment;52 enhances spirituality;53,54 and improves psychological difficulties and daily functioning for individuals with mental health difficulties.55 .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	The social and behavioural dimensions of pain may also be addressed through singing as it can contribute to social cohesion and identity, enabling individuals to develop positive interpersonal relationships through trust, co-operation and empathy,57 together with promoting empowerment, providing meaning and enhancing social roles.58,59 Choral singing has received public attention and appreciation over recent years through popular television shows like The Choir60 and Unsung Town61 which have portrayed group singing in a positive light. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	For example, some felt more in control of pain, were able to release their pain or were distracted from pain when immersed in singing: I try to ignore it ... .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	A number of specific mechanisms of the choir were identified as contributors to improved mood, including the manageable sessionlength which maintained interest, the inclusive and light-hearted choir environment (When youre singing youre freer! .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	Singing provided a temporary focus for several participants in which attention was directed towards a meaningful and rewarding activity. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	The choir seemed to offer an environment to observe personal strength, resulting in improved wellbeing and self-efficacy. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	While other research into singing identifies a number of comparable themes, this study provides additional insights into how attending a service-user-led pain choir might facilitate not only physical benefits and positive affect, but also have potential lasting effects on psychological wellbeing and self-efficacy through deeper intrapsychic changes. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	The choir also appeared to contribute to improved emotional wellbeing as a result of the strengths-focused ethos, together with other key mechanisms of the choir such as a fun and inclusive atmosphere. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	Finally, singing has also been found to increase empathy for others84 which may help to explain forgiveness within some participants relationships. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	Individuals appeared to be fully immersed in the process of singing which was a rewarding experience and a distraction from pain. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	Participants reported an increased sense of energy and relaxation, together with a reduction in pain, as the choir accommodates its members by enabling them to sing through their pain. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	The choir seemed to promote both positive affect and sustained emotional wellbeing which may counteract negative affective experiences often associated with pain. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	The findings reveal support for the positive impact of a service-user led choir in improving psychological wellbeing and self-efficacy in individuals who experience chronic pain. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	However, the pain choir is a valuable adjunct to this service as its strengths-focused environment enabled participants to develop their ability to live well with their pain. .
Fancourt D., Williamon A., Carvalho L.A., Steptoe A., Dow R., Lewis I.	Singing modulates mood, stress, cortisol, cytokine and neuropeptide activity in cancer patients and carers	This study provides preliminary evidence that singing improves mood state and modulates components of the immune system. .
Fancourt D., Williamon A., Carvalho L.A., Steptoe A., Dow R., Lewis I.	Singing modulates mood, stress, cortisol, cytokine and neuropeptide activity in cancer patients and carers	Furthermore, there was evidence that greater improvements in mood as a result of singing were associated with lower pro-inflammatory response. .
Cheong C.Y., Tan J.A.Q., Foong Y.-L., Koh H.M., Chen D.Z.Y., Tan J.J.C., Ng C.J., Yap P.	Creative Music Therapy in an Acute Care Setting for Older Patients with Delirium and Dementia	Success in singing, playing instruments, moving to music, or sharing memories related to music, may also fulfil a persons unmet needs for self-expression, achievement, meaning, and purpose. .
Corvo E., Skingley A., Clift S.	Community singing, wellbeing and older people: implementing and evaluating an English singing for health intervention in Rome	These highlight some methodological weaknesses in research on this issue, but nevertheless show that singing has potential for promoting wellbeing. .
Corvo E., Skingley A., Clift S.	Community singing, wellbeing and older people: implementing and evaluating an English singing for health intervention in Rome	The studies analysed show that singing is able to improve the conditions of participants more in terms of quality of life than on a physical level, nevertheless in the study reported on patients with asthma8 there was an improvement in peak expiratory rate and breathlessness and improvements in mood and quality of life. .
Corvo E., Skingley A., Clift S.	Community singing, wellbeing and older people: implementing and evaluating an English singing for health intervention in Rome	Results described by the review, despite the limitations already stated by the authors, appear to support the value of singing as an activity which can improve the health status of individuals. .
Corvo E., Skingley A., Clift S.	Community singing, wellbeing and older people: implementing and evaluating an English singing for health intervention in Rome	As in the case of lung function studies, singing proved to be a valuable tool for improving the mental and physical health of individuals of all ages. .
Corvo E., Skingley A., Clift S.	Community singing, wellbeing and older people: implementing and evaluating an English singing for health intervention in Rome	In conclusion, simple arts activities such as singing can have a major impact on the health and wellbeing of older people. .
Blackburn C.	‘The people in the purple shirts’: Froebelian insights to a Singing Medicine project in a children’s hospital	Protection from harm and promotion of well-being is facilitated by the training provided for and characteristics of the vocal tutors, as well as the contribution of the singing games to childrens (and families) sense of happiness and well-being. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	Results: Nursing home employees perceived singing to have potential benefits for their patients, such as reducing uneasiness, increased comfort, well-being and joy, improved sleep, and believed singing had the potential to reduce the need for medication and prevent accidents among their patients. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	Singing was found to have positive effects for the patients, their relatives and the staff, which improved the psychosocial working climate overall. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	Conclusions: Singing interventions could be a vital component for the enhancement of health, well-being and quality of life for the patients and staff in nursing homes. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	These were developed into subcategories: well-being, health promoting, beneficial, psychosocial working climate, and subsequently labelled (conceptualised) as the beneficial outcome of the singing programme, the staffs experiences of singing for and with the patients and the impact of singing on staffs psychosocial working climate. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	Singing has positive effects for patients, their relatives and the staff, which often benefits the psychosocial working climate. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	The singing sessions or singalongs in the evening resulted in calmer, less anxious and more relaxed patients, which demonstrates how singing influences behaviour. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	As such, putting singing on the agenda in daily practice had contributed to positive changes in bringing out the joy of singing: I have a colleague who has said for years, I cant sing, I cant sing, but I hear she can sing. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	We are always in a good mood after we have had these singing moments (Nurse). .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	Furthermore, especially in specific caring situations, singing was found to be a pleasant and thriving activity for both nurses, carers and patients, enhancing communication and a sense of well-being. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	Some called singing a form of musical care, enhancing quality of care that should not be underrated. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	The salutogenetic impact of the art of singing in nursing homes Music and singing are effective methods for reducing anxiety levels in older adults, and are generally beneficial to their health, well-being and quality of life (Eells, 2013). .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	In other words, singing helps participants to achieve happiness, contentment, satisfaction and peace (Lehmberg and Fung, 2010). .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	Several of the staff also reported observing the many ways singing songs and listening to music helped in various situations for mood and psyche and everything. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	As described here, singing improved mood, made the patients happier, calmer and more content. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	Previous research has also shown how singing activities can have an impact on energy levels, improve focus, enhance mood and promote relaxation in older persons with functional disabilities and in their caregivers. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	In consequence, the lay knowledge of the beneficial aspects of singing for care of self and others seemed to be learnt and embodied in the doing of these moments. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	Conclusion Singing is a determinant of health: it makes us happier, more energetic, connects us to others, stimulates us and is a provider of joy and vitality, hence a salutogenetic activity. .
Kostilainen K., Mikkola K., Erkkilä J., Huotilainen M.	Effects of maternal singing during kangaroo care on maternal anxiety, wellbeing, and mother-infant relationship after preterm birth: a mixed methods study	Mothers also stated that noticing infants relaxing and calming down by their singing felt good, and they were more motivated to sing. .
Kostilainen K., Mikkola K., Erkkilä J., Huotilainen M.	Effects of maternal singing during kangaroo care on maternal anxiety, wellbeing, and mother-infant relationship after preterm birth: a mixed methods study	It has also been stated that singing can enhance wellbeing, and this effect might be connected to the release of two hormones in the brain while singing. .
Forbes M.	“We’re pushing back”: Group singing, social identity, and caring for a spouse with Parkinson’s	All caregivers derived a sense of purpose from singing group participation. .
Forbes M.	“We’re pushing back”: Group singing, social identity, and caring for a spouse with Parkinson’s	Singing together reminds caregivers of the positive feelings they have for their partners. .
Forbes M.	“We’re pushing back”: Group singing, social identity, and caring for a spouse with Parkinson’s	There is scope for further group singing research to explore the ways in which these and other effects might meet caregivers psychological needs and support their wellbeing. .
Warran K., Fancourt D., Perkins R.	The experience and perceived impact of group singing for men living with cancer: A phenomenological study	The experience of singing was viewed by participants as: something positive; a social experience; an ineffable experience; an activity that engages the whole person. .
Warran K., Fancourt D., Perkins R.	The experience and perceived impact of group singing for men living with cancer: A phenomenological study	The perceived impact of singing included: providing support in the face of the existential uncertainty brought about by having cancer; a dynamic connection to others; fulfilment; enhanced wellbeing; finding some form of benefit from the cancer experience. .
Warran K., Fancourt D., Perkins R.	The experience and perceived impact of group singing for men living with cancer: A phenomenological study	Indeed, there has also been a growing interest in the use of singing to improve health and wellbeing within the wider psychology of music literature; for example, in light of Ryan and Decis (2002) model of psychological needs, singing has been shown to improve feelings of competency and social connection, thereby enhancing the potential for positive wellbeing impact (Davidson & Garrido, 2015). .
Warran K., Fancourt D., Perkins R.	The experience and perceived impact of group singing for men living with cancer: A phenomenological study	This connection is specifically facilitated by singing together - seen in the reference to sound and to rhythm. .
Warran K., Fancourt D., Perkins R.	The experience and perceived impact of group singing for men living with cancer: A phenomenological study	This is interesting as it suggests that, for these participants, choir singing may lead to positive behavioural change in other aspects of their lives. .
Warran K., Fancourt D., Perkins R.	The experience and perceived impact of group singing for men living with cancer: A phenomenological study	Similarly, these same participants commented that singing directly helps with the fatigue associated with having prostate cancer; for example, Jason stated that the choir impacted the fatigue in a positive way. .
Warran K., Fancourt D., Perkins R.	The experience and perceived impact of group singing for men living with cancer: A phenomenological study	The choir provides satisfaction for these participants. .
Warran K., Fancourt D., Perkins R.	The experience and perceived impact of group singing for men living with cancer: A phenomenological study	Turning to the perceived impact of the choir, results revealed that group singing provokes a range of beneficial outcomes which could provide: support in the face of the existential uncertainty brought about by having cancer; a dynamic connection to others; fulfilment; enhanced wellbeing; finding some form of benefit from the cancer experience..
Fancourt D., Warran K., Finn S., Wiseman T.	Psychosocial singing interventions for the mental health and well-being of family carers of patients with cancer: Results from a longitudinal controlled study	Singing is a psychosocial activity shown to improve social support, increase positive emotions, and reduce fatigue and stress. .
Fancourt D., Warran K., Finn S., Wiseman T.	Psychosocial singing interventions for the mental health and well-being of family carers of patients with cancer: Results from a longitudinal controlled study	Conclusions This study builds on previous research showing the mental health benefits of singing for people with cancer by showing that weekly singing can also support anxiety and well-being in cancer carers. .
Fancourt D., Warran K., Finn S., Wiseman T.	Psychosocial singing interventions for the mental health and well-being of family carers of patients with cancer: Results from a longitudinal controlled study	DISCUSSION This study explored whether singing in a choir is associated with improvements in mental health and well-being in people who care for somebody with cancer. .
Fancourt D., Warran K., Finn S., Wiseman T.	Psychosocial singing interventions for the mental health and well-being of family carers of patients with cancer: Results from a longitudinal controlled study	The finding that singing was associated with a greater decrease in anxiety echoes findings from previous studies of singing among people affected by cancer. .
Fancourt D., Warran K., Finn S., Wiseman T.	Psychosocial singing interventions for the mental health and well-being of family carers of patients with cancer: Results from a longitudinal controlled study	First, the choirs provided emotional and uplifting experiences that participants experienced as a mind-body activity that supported their sense of identity. .
Fancourt D., Warran K., Finn S., Wiseman T.	Psychosocial singing interventions for the mental health and well-being of family carers of patients with cancer: Results from a longitudinal controlled study	Finally, the choirs provided members with the chance to develop musical skills which enhanced their sense of self-esteem. .
Fancourt D., Warran K., Finn S., Wiseman T.	Psychosocial singing interventions for the mental health and well-being of family carers of patients with cancer: Results from a longitudinal controlled study	Such studies could also focus specifically on carers with known mental health diagnoses such as moderate anxiety, especially given the findings here that singing was of benefit both to those with and without baseline anxiety or low well-being. .
Fancourt D., Warran K., Finn S., Wiseman T.	Psychosocial singing interventions for the mental health and well-being of family carers of patients with cancer: Results from a longitudinal controlled study	CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, this study builds on previous research showing the mental health benefits of singing for people affected by cancer by showing that weekly singing may also support anxiety and well-being in carers. .
Irons J.Y., Coren E., Young M.K., Stewart D.E., Gschwandtner M., Mellick G.D.	Singing for people with Parkinsons disease	How the intervention might work Studies have found that participation in group singing or choirs is associated with various health benefits across a wide range of outcome groups, including enhanced physical functions and mental, social, and spiritual wellbeing (Clift 2010a; Clift 2010b; Irons 2012; Irons 2016). .
Irons J.Y., Coren E., Young M.K., Stewart D.E., Gschwandtner M., Mellick G.D.	Singing for people with Parkinsons disease	Singing may enhance health and wellbeing through promoting neurochemicals such as dopamine, cortisol, serotonin, and oxytocin, as the structures of songs (e.g. melody, rhythm, and harmony) can induce a range of emotional and physical responses. .
Irons J.Y., Coren E., Young M.K., Stewart D.E., Gschwandtner M., Mellick G.D.	Singing for people with Parkinsons disease	Social health Participating in group singing, such as a choir, can reduce isolation and provide social support. .
Irons J.Y., Coren E., Young M.K., Stewart D.E., Gschwandtner M., Mellick G.D.	Singing for people with Parkinsons disease	Singing with others can promote positive feelings, such as friendship and empathy, which are positively associated with a sense of wellbeing (Ryff 2008). .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Jetten J., Rowan C.	Identification with arts-based groups improves mental wellbeing in adults with chronic mental health conditions	Congruent with recovery, the choir also developed a sense of hope and empowerment to live a fulfilling life. .
Williamson V.J., Bonshor M.	Wellbeing in brass bands: The benefits and challenges of group music making	This aspect of wellbeing highlights the additional benefits that are offered from participation in choirs in relation to the social dimension of group music making, in contrast to those wellbeing benefits that may at least partly be ascribed just to the act of singing. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	Interviewees all reported improvement in or maintenance of their mental health and well-being as a direct result of engagement in the singing workshops. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	The combination of singing with an inclusive social aspect was regarded as essential in effecting recovery. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	The combination of singing and social engagement produced an ongoing feeling of belonging and well-being. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	Many studies have now shown the benefits of choral singing for social and mental well-being.3-7 Evidence suggests that group singing can help as coping strategy for people who are experiencing stressful life events.8 .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	A recent systematic review found evidence that participation in ongoing community singing programmes can improve quality of life and social and emotional well-being in adults living with chronic conditions.10 .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	As one of the organisers put it, the project recognises the inherently therapeutic effects of singing and singing with others. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	Participants all regarded singing as key to the efficacy of the model and reported a thorough enjoyment of singing. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	Some saw it as a fun, low-key opportunity to sing, others saw it as a crucial component to the maintenance of their well-being. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	All interviewees reported positive effects on their mental health from participation in singing together. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	The combination of singing and social engagement produced a feeling of belonging and well-being that often lasted for more than a day and, as a weekly engagement, gave ongoing structure, support and contact that kept them at a higher level of functionality and their moods better than they would be without. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	Four participants credited helping, along with the singing, as crucial in regaining their mental health. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	CONCLUSION The findings from this study reinforce the benefits of participating in singing in a community context for people who have experienced mental health conditions. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	This research confirms previous findings on the health benefits of singing but offers evidence from the largest sample of singers to date. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	Research regarding the potential health benefits of singing is well developed, with a large body of work to support singing as a health and wellbeing intervention. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	The results from this study confirm previous findings that a large majority of choir participants perceive the experience of singing to be a beneficial one. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	The aim of this study was to assess the perceived health benefits of choral singing in a large sample of singers. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	This aimed to explore the nuances of singing in choirs and to expand understanding of the health and wellbeing benefits experienced by participants. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	Its really uplifting when we sing together and really enhances my life generally. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	Thus, singing was reported as improving selfconfidence and self-esteem, increasing competence and becoming comfortable and confident. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	Learning new things was noted as a significant part of being in a choir, specifically learning from the conductor, learning to listen to people, learning to work effectively and respectfully with other people, learning new songs, learning about my bodys capabilities, learning lyrics and learning about different musical genre: A good choir can also help towards improving community morale/pride ... (There is) great pride when we see a happy audience ... .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	However, this theme is significant in itself as participants repeatedly reported wellbeing benefits such as singing in a choir making them feel happier makes you smile and lifts mood. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	Mental health This theme relates to specific psychological improvement, clinical phrases in the data that referred to singing acting as an alleviator of low mood or anxiety. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	Participants named mental health improvements, strengthening or boosting mental health when needed and for others singing contributed to maintain good mental health: I have to sing - for my mental health -Id just die without music! .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	Scores for these questions were consistently high, and thematic analysis confirmed that participants found that singing can be spiritually uplifting, life affirming and a sense of connection at heart or energy level. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	A large section of data focused on stress reduction as the key benefit of singing in a choir - for example, decreasing or counteracting the stress of daily life, being a stress-free zone, releasing tension: Great way to unwind and forget your stresses ... you cant stress about everyday worries when you are singing. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	Singing requires complete concentration - its a form of mindfulness. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	(Choir singing) encourages your soul (to) feel part of something bigger than yourself ... being part of a group making a beautiful sound is very creative and instantly rewarding. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	Nonetheless, this study confirms the potential importance of social activities for people in terms of improving mental health and selfperception of health and wellbeing, and future studies might explore the specific aspects of choral singing that might contribute to these health improvements. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	Nevertheless, this article provides the largest sample to date exploring singers perceptions of the health and wellbeing benefits of singing. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	CONCLUSION This study is important, not only as it represents the largest of its kind, in exploring singers perceptions of the potential health benefits of singing in a choir, but because it is a study of healthy choristers who confirm the findings of many smaller studies with clinical populations. .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	Results illustrate that group singing is a joyful activity that promotes wellbeing and is life enhancing for those involved. .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	Both choirs derived identical positive emotional benefits from choral singing, although the role of camaraderie was identified as being considerably more important to the marginalized singers. .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	Results supported the social identity theory that becoming a choir member and thereby creating an additional social identity may result in positive emotional and physical benefits. .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	The current study is aimed at discerning more clearly what the psychological benefits are for participants of choral singing. .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	(Lisa) I have a pretty stressful job and singing is what keeps me sane. .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	The positive affect of choral singing does not only occur during choir practice or performances: this affect was also found for some participants during times of reflection on past choral activities or whilst practising alone. .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	When youre singing through a song and it all comes together as it should its just magnificent. .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	The choir or choirs that the participants sing with have a direct bearing on the type of experiences they have as choir members and therefore the psychological benefits they gain from the activity. .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	songs and music that I really like singing. .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	Participating in choral singing was found to have psychological benefits for the individuals involved in this study, congruent with those described by studies utilizing populations facing adverse life conditions (Bailey & Davidson, 2003; Silber, 2005; von Lob et al., 2010). .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	It is our belief that choral singing could offer these communities a useful, low-cost and accessible mechanism for increasing the wellbeing of their residents. .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	As evidenced by the current study, choral singing is a joyful activity which has the potential to enhance the lives of those people fortunate enough to discover the benefits it can facilitate..
Lord V.M., Hume V.J., Kelly J.L., Cave P., Silver J., Waldman M., White C., Smith C., Tanner R., Sanchez M., Man W.D.-C., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing classes for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial	There is evidence that singing can have beneficial effects on wellbeing in healthy 11 and chronic disease populations 12,13 . .
Lord V.M., Hume V.J., Kelly J.L., Cave P., Silver J., Waldman M., White C., Smith C., Tanner R., Sanchez M., Man W.D.-C., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing classes for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial	All participants in the singing group reported positive physical effects in relation to their breathing following attendance at the singing group. .
Lord V.M., Hume V.J., Kelly J.L., Cave P., Silver J., Waldman M., White C., Smith C., Tanner R., Sanchez M., Man W.D.-C., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing classes for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial	The singing group participants reported multiple benefits in terms of their general wellbeing. .
Lord V.M., Hume V.J., Kelly J.L., Cave P., Silver J., Waldman M., White C., Smith C., Tanner R., Sanchez M., Man W.D.-C., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing classes for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial	The findings highlighted how enjoyable the participants found the singing group. .
Lord V.M., Hume V.J., Kelly J.L., Cave P., Silver J., Waldman M., White C., Smith C., Tanner R., Sanchez M., Man W.D.-C., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing classes for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial	Translating this into clinical practice, singing is more likely to be of benefit to patients who believe it will be helpful. .
Lord V.M., Hume V.J., Kelly J.L., Cave P., Silver J., Waldman M., White C., Smith C., Tanner R., Sanchez M., Man W.D.-C., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing classes for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial	The present data suggest that singing does produce specific benefits and that participation in singing classes should be encouraged where these are available. .
Lord V.M., Hume V.J., Kelly J.L., Cave P., Silver J., Waldman M., White C., Smith C., Tanner R., Sanchez M., Man W.D.-C., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing classes for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial	Conclusion The present data suggest that singing has specific effects of physical wellbeing and taken together with other small studies support the concept that participation in singing lessons may be a useful activity for patients with COPD..
Stanczyk M.M.	Music therapy in supportive cancer care	There are many benefits of music therapy for cancer patients-interactive music therapy techniques (instrumental improvisation, singing) as well as receptive music therapy techniques (listening to recorded or live music, music and imaginary) can be used to improve mood, decrease stress, pain, anxiety level and enhance relaxation. .
Stanczyk M.M.	Music therapy in supportive cancer care	Live music can be used to create a mood of peace, relaxation, to improve the level of comfort, express feelings and emotions. .
Lord V.M., Cave P., Hume V.J., Flude E.J., Evans A., Kelly J.L., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing teaching as a therapy for chronic respiratory disease - A randomised controlled trial and qualitative evaluation	In addition, there is some evidence that singing may have beneficial effects on wellbeing in healthy 14 and chronic disease populations 15,16 . .
Lord V.M., Cave P., Hume V.J., Flude E.J., Evans A., Kelly J.L., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing teaching as a therapy for chronic respiratory disease - A randomised controlled trial and qualitative evaluation	Singing is, of course, likely to be a therapy that suits some people and not others, and the benefits that accrue are likely to be greatest in those who enjoy the experience. .
Lord V.M., Cave P., Hume V.J., Flude E.J., Evans A., Kelly J.L., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing teaching as a therapy for chronic respiratory disease - A randomised controlled trial and qualitative evaluation	Participants reported that they found the singing beneficial and reported positive changes in their physical ability and wellbeing. .
Pearce E., Launay J., Machin A., Dunbar R.I.M.	Is Group Singing Special? Health, Well-Being and Social Bonds in Community-Based Adult Education Classes	Evidence demonstrates that group singing improves health and well-being, but the precise mechanisms remain unknown. .
Pearce E., Launay J., Machin A., Dunbar R.I.M.	Is Group Singing Special? Health, Well-Being and Social Bonds in Community-Based Adult Education Classes	As well as these physical effects, singing may improve health and well-being psychologically, by encouraging positivity. .
Pearce E., Launay J., Machin A., Dunbar R.I.M.	Is Group Singing Special? Health, Well-Being and Social Bonds in Community-Based Adult Education Classes	The elevated positive affect and hedonic feelings associated with group singing may lead to perception of greater well-being, which may also be tied into better mental health. .
Pearce E., Launay J., Machin A., Dunbar R.I.M.	Is Group Singing Special? Health, Well-Being and Social Bonds in Community-Based Adult Education Classes	As well as these health-promoting individual physical and psychological effects, singing has strong social effects. .
Pearce E., Launay J., Machin A., Dunbar R.I.M.	Is Group Singing Special? Health, Well-Being and Social Bonds in Community-Based Adult Education Classes	Consequently, it may be that some of the health benefits attributed to group singing occur because of the social bonding effects of musical engagement in a group. .
Pearce E., Launay J., Machin A., Dunbar R.I.M.	Is Group Singing Special? Health, Well-Being and Social Bonds in Community-Based Adult Education Classes	Moreover, the hedonic impact of singing in lifting positive mood, combined with the eudaimonic outcomes associated with feeling part of something bigger than oneself, are together likely to yield an improved sense of well-being and satisfaction with life in regular singers (Hillman, 2002; Ryan & Deci, 2001). .
Pearce E., Launay J., Machin A., Dunbar R.I.M.	Is Group Singing Special? Health, Well-Being and Social Bonds in Community-Based Adult Education Classes	In other words, as well as the physical and psychological processes linking singing and improved health and wellbeing, the social aspects of group singing are also likely to play a key role in health and well-being outcomes. .
Pearce E., Launay J., Machin A., Dunbar R.I.M.	Is Group Singing Special? Health, Well-Being and Social Bonds in Community-Based Adult Education Classes	Consequently, we hypothesise that some of the health and well-being benefits previously associated with group singing are driven by heightened social cohesion. .
Pearce E., Launay J., Machin A., Dunbar R.I.M.	Is Group Singing Special? Health, Well-Being and Social Bonds in Community-Based Adult Education Classes	(iii) singers show a greater positive change in well-being over time than non-singers; and .
Lyu J., Zhang J., Mu H., Li W., Champ M., Xiong Q., Gao T., Xie L., Jin W., Yang W., Cui M., Gao M., Li M.	The Effects of Music Therapy on Cognition, Psychiatric Symptoms, and Activities of Daily Living in Patients with Alzheimers Disease	The strong connection between singing and speaking suggests that the singing component of music therapy enhances linguistic ability and memorization 26 . .
Lyu J., Zhang J., Mu H., Li W., Champ M., Xiong Q., Gao T., Xie L., Jin W., Yang W., Cui M., Gao M., Li M.	The Effects of Music Therapy on Cognition, Psychiatric Symptoms, and Activities of Daily Living in Patients with Alzheimers Disease	Singing, combines language, music and instinctive human behavior that can enhance neurological stimulation 8 . .
Tamplin J., Clark I.N., Lee Y.-E.C., Baker F.A.	Remini-sing: A feasibility study of therapeutic group singing to support relationship quality and wellbeing for community-dwelling people living with dementia and their family caregivers	Remini-Sing is designed to utilize the normalizing, stimulating, and accessible properties of group singing to improve or maintain personal relationships, social engagement, and emotional wellbeing. .
Tamplin J., Clark I.N., Lee Y.-E.C., Baker F.A.	Remini-sing: A feasibility study of therapeutic group singing to support relationship quality and wellbeing for community-dwelling people living with dementia and their family caregivers	The music therapist facilitators provide a therapeutic program utilizing variety of singing-based activities targeted to enhance memory, communication, wellbeing, and group cohesion. .
Tamplin J., Clark I.N., Lee Y.-E.C., Baker F.A.	Remini-sing: A feasibility study of therapeutic group singing to support relationship quality and wellbeing for community-dwelling people living with dementia and their family caregivers	They appreciated the opportunity to sing both familiar songs and learn new songs, harmony parts, and rounds that were perceived as cognitively stimulating. .
Tamplin J., Clark I.N., Lee Y.-E.C., Baker F.A.	Remini-sing: A feasibility study of therapeutic group singing to support relationship quality and wellbeing for community-dwelling people living with dementia and their family caregivers	The combination of singing familiar, favorite songs, with the cognitive challenge of learning new musical material, in a supportive and nonjudgmental environment, made the groups accessible, enjoyable and therapeutic. .
van der Steen J.T., van Soest-Poortvliet M.C., van der Wouden J.C., Bruinsma M.S., Scholten R.J.P.M., Vink A.C.	Music-based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia	Singing can further help the development of articulation, rhythm, and breath control. .
van der Steen J.T., van Soest-Poortvliet M.C., van der Wouden J.C., Bruinsma M.S., Scholten R.J.P.M., Vink A.C.	Music-based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia	Singing in a group setting can improve social skills and foster a greater awareness of others. .
van der Steen J.T., van Soest-Poortvliet M.C., van der Wouden J.C., Bruinsma M.S., Scholten R.J.P.M., Vink A.C.	Music-based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia	For individuals with compromised breathing, singing can improve oxygen saturation rates. .
McNaughton A., Aldington S., Williams G., Levack W.M.M.	Sing Your Lungs Out: A qualitative study of a community singing group for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)	Results The weekly singing group was a well-attended activity, with self-reported benefits to health and well-being. .
McNaughton A., Aldington S., Williams G., Levack W.M.M.	Sing Your Lungs Out: A qualitative study of a community singing group for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)	Conclusions This study helps us to better understand how participation in a community singing group can benefit the health and well-being of patients with COPD. .
McNaughton A., Aldington S., Williams G., Levack W.M.M.	Sing Your Lungs Out: A qualitative study of a community singing group for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)	Overview of findings Overall, the singing group was a highly positive experience for all people involved. .
McNaughton A., Aldington S., Williams G., Levack W.M.M.	Sing Your Lungs Out: A qualitative study of a community singing group for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)	The participants reported how singing made them feel good, with one participant noting that singing encouraged her to be in the moment without worrying about other things in her life. .
McNaughton A., Aldington S., Williams G., Levack W.M.M.	Sing Your Lungs Out: A qualitative study of a community singing group for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)	Many commented that their breathing felt easier the day after singing practice, with singing helping some to clear sputum. .
McNaughton A., Aldington S., Williams G., Levack W.M.M.	Sing Your Lungs Out: A qualitative study of a community singing group for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)	For the participants in this study, involvement in a singing group had resulted in many positive and, at times, unexpected changes in their health and well-being. .
McNaughton A., Aldington S., Williams G., Levack W.M.M.	Sing Your Lungs Out: A qualitative study of a community singing group for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)	Yet on the other hand, singing is an absorbing activity, especially within a group. .
McNaughton A., Aldington S., Williams G., Levack W.M.M.	Sing Your Lungs Out: A qualitative study of a community singing group for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)	CONCLUSIONS This qualitative study describes the perceived health and well-being benefits of belonging to a community singing group for patients with COPD. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	Background: A growing body of research has found that participating in choir singing can increase positive emotions, reduce anxiety and enhance social bonding. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	Results: The findings of seven longitudinal studies, showed that while people with mental health conditions participated in choir singing, their mental health and wellbeing significantly improved with moderate to large effect sizes. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	Moreover, six qualitative studies had converging themes, indicating that group singing can provide enjoyment, improve emotional states, develop a sense of belonging and enhance self-confidence in participants. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	Conclusion: The current results indicate that group singing could be a promising social intervention for people with mental health conditions. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	Recent studies indicate that engaging in singing groups has a wide range of benefits which have the potential to improve mental health and wellbeing. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	Studies have found that while people are engaged in group singing, they experience increased positive emotions and immune functioning, as well as decreased negative emotions including anxiety.5-7 Singing in groups is also reported to enhance social bonding,8 which predicts improvements in anxiety and mental wellbeing.910 .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	Therefore, referring clients to arts programmes, such as choir singing, may facilitate therapeutic goals, such as developing social support and confidence. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	This review aimed to assess the viability of choir singing to improve mental health and wellbeing in people with a mental health condition. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	The search strategy included terms related to group singing (choir, singing group, group singing), mental health and wellbeing (mental health, anxiety, depression, wellbeing, wellbeing). .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	In particular, enjoyment of singing, experiencing improved emotional states, developing a sense of belonging and self-confidence were reported in all the studies reviewed. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	These studies focused primarily on the positive impacts of participating in group singing. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	Potentially anxiety could be a barrier to some people participating in singing programmes, however, these studies also indicate that overcoming performance anxiety while participating in choir singing could be an empowering experience. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	People participating in these programmes ascribed improvements in their emotional, social and occupational wellbeing to participating in group singing. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	The current review supports that choir singing could promote mental health recovery by providing social connectedness, emotional enhancement and meaning in life. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	Future research directions The studies reviewed provided consistent conclusions that choir singing can help people with mental health conditions improve their mental health and wellbeing, however, there were major limitations in their methodology. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	The current results are promising, indicating that many people with mental health conditions have experienced benefits to their mental health and wellbeing through participating in community singing groups. .
Young R., Camic P.M., Tischler V.	The impact of community-based arts and health interventions on cognition in people with dementia: A systematic literature review	Results indicated that those in the singing and listening coaching groups experienced significant improvements in mood, orientation, episodic memory, attention, executive function and general cognition. .
Noice T., Noice H., Kramer A.F.	Participatory arts for older adults: A review of benefits and challenges	Statistically significant increases were found for improved emotional well-being, quality of life, understanding of singing, and a marginally significant increase in self-confidence. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	Other answers were understanding the song, devotionputting your soul into the music that youre making, and being dedicated. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	Most of all, the love for music brought a fulfilling, calming, and happy experience to participants. .
Stewart J., Garrido S., Hense C., McFerran K.	Music use for mood regulation: Self-awareness and conscious listening choices in young people with tendencies to depression	She seemed to have some useful strategies for regulating her mood such as listening to music that is sad but that gives her some optimism, or music that gave her some relief in that after listening she was still sad but less heavy. .
Boyce M., Bungay H., Munn-Giddings C., Wilson C.	The impact of the arts in healthcare on patients and service users: A critical review	As with music listening, there were also reductions in anxiety levels and depressive symptoms, including the suggestion that the role of the intervention in recovery could be as important as medication. .
Ray K.D., Götell E.	The use of music and music therapy in ameliorating depression symptoms and improving well-being in nursing home residents with dementia	In the current study, while it appears that both the singing and movement activity were helpful in sustaining reductions in depression symptoms, the video analysis demonstrated that the music-with-movement protocol significantly improved well-being in the participants. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Therapeutic choirs have the ability to decrease mental health symptoms and provide coping strategies for dealing with life in new and motivating ways. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Fancourt et al. (2016) showed that group singing can significantly reduce stress, improve mood and reduce cortisol, beta-endorphin and oxytocin levels in cancer patients. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Both singing and music listening were more effective in alleviating depression, especially in persons with mild, Alzheimer-type dementia. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	He found that depressive symptoms in the singing group were reduced, mean quality of life score improved, and there was a statistically significant increase in cognitive functioning. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	A shared experience was that of being less reliant on painkillers on the day of the choir: I dont take my pills on a Friday because when I get there and start singing it sort of lifts you for the day (Paige). .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	Therefore, if an individual is attending to a pleasurable activity such as singing, although their pain is still present, they may not be as concerned by it as pain signals to the brain are reduced and pain is perceived less intensely. .
Fancourt D., Williamon A., Carvalho L.A., Steptoe A., Dow R., Lewis I.	Singing modulates mood, stress, cortisol, cytokine and neuropeptide activity in cancer patients and carers	Aggregate mood was found to improve across the choir session (p < .001) and aggregate stress was found to decrease (p < .001). .
Fancourt D., Williamon A., Carvalho L.A., Steptoe A., Dow R., Lewis I.	Singing modulates mood, stress, cortisol, cytokine and neuropeptide activity in cancer patients and carers	It is instructive to note that, among both patients and carers, those with the lowest levels of mental wellbeing and highest levels of depression experienced the greatest short-term improvement in mood across the singing session, and that these larger mood changes were associated with lower levels of inflammation. .
Corvo E., Skingley A., Clift S.	Community singing, wellbeing and older people: implementing and evaluating an English singing for health intervention in Rome	Both of these items relate to feelings of depression/anxiety, which appear to be lessened after the singing compared with the baseline assessment. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	Results Overview The findings indicate that nursing home employees perceived singing to have potential benefits for their patients, such as reduced uneasiness, increased comfort, well-being, joy, improved sleep, and to reduce the need for medication, even potentially reducing the risk of accidents among their patients. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	The fact that these singing activities, like lullabies, singalongs or one-to-one humming reduced uneasiness, increased comfort and improved sleep was documented by many of the nurses. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	Singing songs with and for the patients could also reduce medication. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	Singing does create peace, feelings of being safe, and it also prevents accidents and less use of medication or drugs (leader of a nursing home). .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	As noted in this study, singing songs with and for the patients was believed to reduce potential accidents due to patients being calmer and less anxious. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	Such findings indicate that nursing home employees perceive singing to have potential benefits for their patients, such as reducing uneasiness, increasing comfort, wellbeing and joy, promoting sleep, reducing the need for medication and lowering the potential for accidents among their patients. .
Warran K., Fancourt D., Perkins R.	The experience and perceived impact of group singing for men living with cancer: A phenomenological study	On the simplest level, the choir, for these participants, provides a balance of recognising and understanding the cancer experience while providing a positive distraction from it. .
Irons J.Y., Coren E., Young M.K., Stewart D.E., Gschwandtner M., Mellick G.D.	Singing for people with Parkinsons disease	With regular singing activities (e.g. over six months), people have reported reduced psychological distress and improved wellbeing (Clift 2017). .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	Previous studies have reported a decrease in cortisol levels, indicating that singing in choirs provides stress relief to participants (Beck et al., 2000). .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	Findings are mirrored in the current study with many participants stating that they found the stress-reduction powers of choral singing an important tool in coping with everyday stressors. .
Pearce E., Launay J., Machin A., Dunbar R.I.M.	Is Group Singing Special? Health, Well-Being and Social Bonds in Community-Based Adult Education Classes	(ii) singers show a greater reduction in self-reported mental ill-health over time than non-singers; .
Pearce E., Launay J., Machin A., Dunbar R.I.M.	Is Group Singing Special? Health, Well-Being and Social Bonds in Community-Based Adult Education Classes	This contrasts with previous findings that singing reduced anxiety and improved mental health compared to not singing (Coulton et al., 2015; Sanal & Gorsev, 2013). .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	For example, it has been concluded that there is strong evidence that engaging in music and singing activities decreases depression, anxiety and loneliness in older people; and moderate evidence that engaging in music and singing activities enhances wellbeing and decreases depression in young adults, marginalized groups and people with chronic physical health conditions.23 .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	However, there were convergent results across the studies indicating that, while people participated in group singing, their mental distress decreased, and quality of life and wellbeing improved with moderate effect sizes (see table 1). .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	Moreover, after participating in the choir, participants depression was significantly lower than the control, when controlling for baseline levels of depression. .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Joice S., Kroll T., Mead G., Donnan P., Toma M., Williams B.	Art participation for psychosocial wellbeing during stroke rehabilitation: a feasibility randomised controlled trial	The study demonstrated improved depression, quality of life and cognition, compared to usual care, following visual art-making combined with meditation and singing. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	Choral singing, for example, increases feelings of support and decreases feelings of isolation; playing instruments in an ensemble has a similar effect. .
Daykin, N.; Mansfield, L.; Meads, C.	What Works for Wellbeing? A systematic review of wellbeing outcomes for music and singing in adults.	A nonrandom comparison of singing with usual care in 113 adults with a range of chronic conditions found that singing was associated with improvements in quality of life and positive affect.50 .
Goldenberg, R. B.	Singing Lessons for Respiratory Health: A Literature Review	The treatment groups sustained improvement in the domain of treatment burden at follow-up suggests the continued singing practice helped alleviate the hardship associated with treating a chronic illness. .
Jackson, A., ; McManus, R.,	SROI in the art gallery; valuing social impact	Moreover, the venue was used for a local singing group, who gains from this ambience, although as this is for singing, we value the benefit here at 2 per hour as a prudent estimate. .
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	Although crafters, writers and singers all reported improved self-confidence, only singers reported feeling that they played a useful role in the group. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	As a final outcome, the art determines choral harmony, which generates a field of attractive forces in the landscape. .
Stewart J., Garrido S., Hense C., McFerran K.	Music use for mood regulation: Self-awareness and conscious listening choices in young people with tendencies to depression	In contrast, outcomes were more positive for participants in the current study when they listened to music with optimistic messages. .
Särkämö T.	Music for the ageing brain: Cognitive, emotional, social, and neural benefits of musical leisure activities in stroke and dementia	Overall, questionnaire/interview studies and more recent experimental studies of healthy older adults participating in community choirs have linked choir singing to multiple psychosocial and health-related benefits, suggesting that regular choral singing can bring about enjoyment, cognitive stimulation, better physical and mental health, and increased social interaction. .
Särkämö T.	Music for the ageing brain: Cognitive, emotional, social, and neural benefits of musical leisure activities in stroke and dementia	The singing intervention had a long-term positive effect on health-related QOL as well as a short-term positive effect on mental health-related QOL, anxiety, and depression (Coulton et al., 2015). .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Choral singing also impacted on social health and wellbeing positively through feeling excitement and importance to life (p < 0.01), as well as longer duration of involvement in the choir (p < 0.05), after adjusting for the effects from socio-demographic variables in the models. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	This included a sense of social engagement, a perception of positive identity as choir members, and feelings of excitement at being involved in group singing. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Choir members reported a sense of purpose and satisfaction for contributing to their community. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The efficacy of therapeutic choirs leads to improving quality of life for older people, giving them new opportunities that promote meaning and purpose. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The studies reviewed so far provide an encouraging picture of benefits associated with group singing for people with dementia. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	More recent studies, however, continue to provide evidence of positive benefits from singing. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The study demonstrates that singing can have a very positive role to play in helping those who suffer from dementia and Alzheimers to have a better quality of life and live more harmoniously with fellow residents and carers. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	In these ways, music comprised a universal function to this diverse group and contributed to positive well-being outcomes for participants. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	A number of recent studies have highlighted the range of positive outcomes of choral singing. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	The increased cultural profile of singing appears to have prompted a resurgence in the popularity of choral singing62 and an increasing awareness of its benefits. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	This theme also reflects the sustained impact of singing on participants emotional wellbeing which was replenished during each session: You come away and then for the rest of the day youre sort of on a high (Paige). .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	The positive impact on interpersonal processes is reflective of other research into choral singing78,79 and is recognised as a component of psychological wellbeing.63 .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	Subsequently, it can only be concluded that the pain choir may have contributed to participants improved wellbeing. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	These changes appeared to be grounded in positive affect, meaningful relationships and internal adjustments, such as reconceptualisations of pain, which the choir promoted. .
Corvo E., Skingley A., Clift S.	Community singing, wellbeing and older people: implementing and evaluating an English singing for health intervention in Rome	Conclusion: Policy makers in different national contexts should consider social singing activities to promote the health and wellbeing of older adults as they are inexpensive to run and have been shown to be enjoyable and effective. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	Singing interventions could be a vital component of the enhancement of health, well-being, and quality of life for patients and staff in nursing homes. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	It is quite clear that she is very proud about her singing. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	The staffs experiences of singing for and with the patients The experience of observing the power of singing was followed by the desire to tell others about these positive effects. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	By observing their patients appreciation of these singing activities, which seemed to be totally independent of the quality of the employees singing voice, their confidence increased. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	As research from several disciplines has shown, singing has positive effects for patients, staff and the patients relatives, which often benefits the psychosocial working climate. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	If management appreciate how singing can enhance a health-promoting workplace for its employees, it might be possible to create a stimulating, rewarding, and thriving psychosocial environment, which would benefit all actors involved. .
Kostilainen K., Mikkola K., Erkkilä J., Huotilainen M.	Effects of maternal singing during kangaroo care on maternal anxiety, wellbeing, and mother-infant relationship after preterm birth: a mixed methods study	However, she wanted to do that to be able to continue singing in the future. .
Kostilainen K., Mikkola K., Erkkilä J., Huotilainen M.	Effects of maternal singing during kangaroo care on maternal anxiety, wellbeing, and mother-infant relationship after preterm birth: a mixed methods study	Our results suggest that singing can offer this support not only during the early hospitalization period but also after discharge. .
Forbes M.	“We’re pushing back”: Group singing, social identity, and caring for a spouse with Parkinson’s	Results Superordinate theme: The singing group creates a new social identity Viewing participants experiences through the lens of the social cure approach in the later stages of IPA revealed that singing group participation created a new social identity for participants, which was a psychological resource in the form of connection, meaning, support, and agency (each of these is discussed as a subordinate theme below). .
Forbes M.	“We’re pushing back”: Group singing, social identity, and caring for a spouse with Parkinson’s	Beyond merely confirming various aspects of previous studies, however, findings here use the social cure approach to demonstrate that psychological resources flow from caregivers social identity, thus illuminating the processes by which group singing can effect caregivers wellbeing. .
Warran K., Fancourt D., Perkins R.	The experience and perceived impact of group singing for men living with cancer: A phenomenological study	In relation to the perceived impact, results showed that participants felt supported by the choir, achieved a sense of fulfilment and found connection to others. .
Irons J.Y., Coren E., Young M.K., Stewart D.E., Gschwandtner M., Mellick G.D.	Singing for people with Parkinsons disease	Quality of life Several studies have suggested that participating in singing can enhance a persons QoL (Clift 2010a; Clift 2010b; Clift 2010c; Johnson 2013). .
Williamson V.J., Bonshor M.	Wellbeing in brass bands: The benefits and challenges of group music making	Our research has replicated a wide pattern of wellbeing benefits seen in choral practice that can now be taken forward as the basis of a model for general group music making benefits. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	Aim: This mixed-methods exploratory study investigates the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir from an international sample of choristers. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	Conclusion: Choral singing elicits a positive response in the chorister across a plethora of domains. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	It also provides confirmatory evidence to support choral singing as a means of improving wellbeing in many populations, including but not limited to workplaces, schools, nursing homes, communities and churches. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	A review of the literature on singing and respiratory health reported trends of positive physical and/or quality-of-life outcomes after a series of singing lessons. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	However, the qualitative results provide a large body of thematic evidence of the health and wellbeing benefits of singing, as well as elaborating on the benefits cited in the quantitative study. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	Qualitative methodology In total, two supplementary questions included in the survey allowed participants to give comments on how they perceived singing to benefit their health and wellbeing; Are there ways in which you think participating in the choir is good for your health - if yes please describe and Please add any comments about the benefits of being in a choir. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	These basic descriptives across such a large international sample clearly outline the perceived benefits of singing in a choir and provide an informative grounding for future research in this area. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	Statistical evidence of participation in cultural events having a positive effect on health and survival rates,45,46 as well as recent significant research on the effect of singing on the health of people with cancer indicate evidence that singing improves mood state and modules components of the immune system.13,14 This study provides further evidence with a large sample that indicates that further research on singing is warranted. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	How the choir manage poor performance and lack of confidence is important in contributing to wellbeing and health benefits. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	Wellbeing benefits were also noted in the role of many choirs in supporting the community through singing for charities, supporting the socially isolated and marginalised to begin to feel part of their community - enabling people from all walks of life to share in the benefits of singing as a group. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	It is expected that this research will contribute significantly to the current literature in encouraging further spending and investment in community arts initiatives such as choral singing, to promote physical, social and emotional health of the general population..
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	The majority of participants in the current study declared their love of singing and joined a choir in their adult years with a view to enjoying singing as a recreational activity. .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	This level of concentration and focus balanced with the skill of the individual singers is likely to lead to a state of flow and therefore increased feelings of positive affect (Csikszentmihalyi, 1992). .
Judd M., Pooley J.A.	The psychological benefits of participating in group singing for members of the general public	This theme is all about the factors that influence the group known as a choir, and the individuals who make up the choir, thereby influencing the psychological benefits gained by the choristers. .
Lord V.M., Hume V.J., Kelly J.L., Cave P., Silver J., Waldman M., White C., Smith C., Tanner R., Sanchez M., Man W.D.-C., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing classes for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial	Participants in an open program of singing classes were also overwhelmingly positive about the experience. .
Lord V.M., Hume V.J., Kelly J.L., Cave P., Silver J., Waldman M., White C., Smith C., Tanner R., Sanchez M., Man W.D.-C., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing classes for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial	Although singing practice produced an acute improvement in inspiratory capacity, SGRQ improved equally in both groups. .
Lord V.M., Cave P., Hume V.J., Flude E.J., Evans A., Kelly J.L., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing teaching as a therapy for chronic respiratory disease - A randomised controlled trial and qualitative evaluation	All patients interviewed reported doing more singing and other pleasurable activities in their lives, suggesting that there may be long term benefits to participation in such a group. .
Lord V.M., Cave P., Hume V.J., Flude E.J., Evans A., Kelly J.L., Polkey M.I., Hopkinson N.S.	Singing teaching as a therapy for chronic respiratory disease - A randomised controlled trial and qualitative evaluation	It is likely that the effects of singing training will vary between individuals, but that it will be a positive experience for those who choose to take part. .
McNaughton A., Aldington S., Williams G., Levack W.M.M.	Sing Your Lungs Out: A qualitative study of a community singing group for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)	Many were significantly tired after the singing sessions and the following day, but reported being happy with this trade-off. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	' Participants in established choirs report benefits including positive affect, social support and cognitive stimulation.4 .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	Despite these methodological limitations, the studies reviewed consistently demonstrate that choir participation can have a positive impact on mental health among people living with a mental health condition. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	There was considerable consensus between the studies on the types of perceived benefits that participants with mental health issues experience in a singing group. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	This research extends on previous findings which have found similar wellbeing benefits of choir participation for older adults, young adults and people with physical health conditions.1-3,22-24 Implications The studies reviewed indicate that choir singing can help people with mental health conditions to overcome problems pertaining anxiety, depression and social disconnection. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	Therefore, choir singing is a viable option for arts-on-referral in mental health. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	The more pleasure that is associated with music leads to more passion for the source of joy. .
Florian Carl ,Rosemond Kutsidzo	Music a nd Wellbeing in Everyday Life: An Exploratory Study of Music Experience in Ghana	One would certainly expect positive effects on mood changes when people musically engage in religion. .
Florian Carl ,Rosemond Kutsidzo	Music a nd Wellbeing in Everyday Life: An Exploratory Study of Music Experience in Ghana	Beyond listening, music-making in the form of singing and dancing was clearly an important aspect of our participants wellbeing and daily experience, and it was particularly so in the context of religious activities where these more active forms of music participation took the centre stage..
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	In addition, improvements were found in respiratory variables measured by standard spirometry, including increases in maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures (confirming findings from studies with patients with COPD that singing can help with lung function). .
Irons J.Y., Coren E., Young M.K., Stewart D.E., Gschwandtner M., Mellick G.D.	Singing for people with Parkinsons disease	Furthermore, through regular singing, it is suggested that people with PD can experience enhanced lung function (Di Benedetto 2009). .
Williamson V.J., Bonshor M.	Wellbeing in brass bands: The benefits and challenges of group music making	Group singing can result in improved respiration and speech quality in Parkinsons disease (Di Benedetto et al., 2009), and has physical benefits for patients with respiratory problems, such as emphysema (Engen, 2005), asthma (Irons et al., 2010) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (Bonilha et al., 2009). .
McNaughton A., Aldington S., Williams G., Levack W.M.M.	Sing Your Lungs Out: A qualitative study of a community singing group for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)	Objective To explore the ways in which participation in a community singing group contributed to the health and well-being of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). .
Bruggers C.S., Baranowski S., Beseris M., Leonard R., Long D., Schulte E., Shorter A., Stigner R., Mason C.C., Bedrov A., Pascual I., Bulaj G.	A prototype exercise-empowerment mobile video game for children with cancer, and its usability assessment: Developing digital empowerment interventions for pediatric diseases	Empowerment enhances resilience and positively influences health, disease, and therapy understanding. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	This research gives further support for the role of therapeutic choirs to promote social capital and health equity in community settings. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	The choir enabled continued progress towards accomplishing key pain management programme aims: self-management, coping and living well with pain. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	Findings expanded upon existing evidence relating to singing and wellbeing by highlighting the choirs role in promoting resilience and acceptance of pain. .
Campion, M.; Levita, L.	Enhancing positive affect and divergent thinking abilities: Play some music and dance.	Both dancing and passively listening to music enhanced positive affect, decreased negative affect and reduced feelings of fatigue. .
Campion, M.; Levita, L.	Enhancing positive affect and divergent thinking abilities: Play some music and dance.	Notably, there were very similar improvements in measures of well-being in participants in the music condition. .
Campion, M.; Levita, L.	Enhancing positive affect and divergent thinking abilities: Play some music and dance.	This is particularly notable as increases in positive affect in the dance and music condition were correlated with improvements in different aspects of creativity. .
Hutchinson, J., C.; Karageorghis, C., I.; Black, J., D.	The Diabeates Project: Perceptual, Affective and Psychophysiological Effects of Music and Music-Video in a Clinical Exercise Setting.	There is strong evidence to suggest that listening to music during exercise can significantly enhance many aspects of the exercise experience, engendering a range of positive perceptual and affective outcomes in an exercise context (6). .
Daykin, N.; Mansfield, L.; Meads, C.	What Works for Wellbeing? A systematic review of wellbeing outcomes for music and singing in adults.	Music has been associated with reduced anxiety in young adults, enhanced mood and purpose in adults and mental wellbeing, quality of life, self-awareness and coping in people with diagnosed health conditions. .
Daykin, N.; Mansfield, L.; Meads, C.	What Works for Wellbeing? A systematic review of wellbeing outcomes for music and singing in adults.	However, music therapy interventions that sought to deliver wellbeing outcomes were included. .
Daykin, N.; Mansfield, L.; Meads, C.	What Works for Wellbeing? A systematic review of wellbeing outcomes for music and singing in adults.	Three community-based studies of music listening in healthy older adults indicate an association between music listening and wellbeing. .
Daykin, N.; Mansfield, L.; Meads, C.	What Works for Wellbeing? A systematic review of wellbeing outcomes for music and singing in adults.	Nevertheless, our exploratory meta-analysis suggests a positive association between music and improved depression. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	In this case the value connected to the mere existence of a cultural institution, without requiring direct use, can foster a sense of pride and community empowerment helping to develop a positive image and attractive environment (for example Casa da Musica-House of Music, in Porto, is an example of this good). .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Measuring changes in subjective well‑being from engagement in the arts, culture and sport	We find positive changes in (1) life satisfaction from increased engagement in arts events, historical sites and museums, (2) leisure satisfaction from arts activities and events, (3) health satisfaction from arts events and historical sites and (4) well-being measures from increased participation in moderate- and mild-intensity sport. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Measuring changes in subjective well‑being from engagement in the arts, culture and sport	We find positive subjective well-being impacts arising from greater engagement in arts, cultural and sporting activities. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Measuring changes in subjective well‑being from engagement in the arts, culture and sport	The results also suggest that well-being benefits from increased engagement in arts, culture and sport are particularly positive for satisfaction with leisure time, as we might expect given these activities are engaged with during leisure time. .
Belfiore, E., ; Bennett, O.,	Rethinking the Social Impacts of the Arts	In addition, because they amuse and entertain us, the arts have also been credited with contributing to mans happiness. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	The arts improve psychological well-being. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	Attending arts events may be stimulating and relieve stress, hence leading to improved happiness/ life satisfaction. .
Kirschner, S., ; Tomasello, M.,	Joint music making promotes pro-social behavior in 4-year-old children	Proximate mechanisms It may be possible that the enhanced prosocial behavior in the Musical condition was due to some music-specific evolved psychological mechanism. .
Hacking, S.; Secker, J.; Spandler, H.; Kent, L.; Shenton, J.	Evaluating the impact of participatory art projects for people with mental health needs.	This study suggests that arts participation positively benefits people with mental health difficulties. .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	Results indicate that hospital staff have a positive view of music intervention, perceiving this as beneficial to patients. .
Goldenberg, R. B.	Singing Lessons for Respiratory Health: A Literature Review	The journals editor commented that qualitative data obtained from the participants show an improvement in quality of life because the exposure to and creation of musical sound gave them a sense of control. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Subjective well-being and engagement in arts, culture and sport.	They found well-being to be enhanced as musical performances are therapeutic in the broadest sense, providing immersion in the performance through the act of performing (for the performer) and emotional effects (for the audience). .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Subjective well-being and engagement in arts, culture and sport.	The findings in the extant literature are indicative of cultural goods, including arts events, museums, historical sites and certain sporting activities generating positive leisure experiences, providing significant benefits to health and well-being. .
Węziak-Białowolska, D.; Białowolski, P.	Cultural events – does attendance improve health? Evidence from a Polish longitudinal study	There is a common belief that engagement with the arts and cultural activities is associated with improvement of well-being and contributes to better quality of life. .
Wiseman, R.; Watt, C.	Achieving the impossible: a review of magic-based interventions and their effects on wellbeing	Research has demonstrated that involvement with mainstream performing arts, such as music and dance, can boost wellbeing. .
Daykin, N.; De Viggiani, N.; Pilkington, P.; Moriarty, Y.	Music making for health, well-being and behaviour change in youth justice settings: a systematic review	The self-esteem scores for those involved in musical performance also improved significantly following the intervention, although the results did not differ significantly when compared with the alternative intervention types. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Furthermore, many of the outcomes of targeted interventions, as well as on long-term health and wellbeing, are associated with the aesthetic and personal satisfaction that motivates people to continue engaging in the cultural forms they enjoy. .
Bird J.M., Karageorghis C.I.	A Grounded Theory of Music-Video Use in an Exercise Facility	(reflective diary) Conversely, music-videos that were deemed to be appropriate often led to positive affective states. .
Bygren, L. O.; Johansson, S.,‑E.; Konlaan, B., B., Grjibovski, A., M.; Wilkinson, A., V.; Sjöström, M.	Attending cultural events and cancer mortality: A Swedish cohort study.	Attendance at cultural events is associated with better survival and self-rated health. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	It is the defining goal of community art because, despite its weaknesses, it aspires to empower all citizens to protect their human rights by participating in cultural life. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	the continuity of their appreciation is important and deserves recognition but there may be many reasons for it, including the social reinforcement of a cultures established values. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	The arts can affirm the pride of marginalised groups, and help improve their local image. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Finally, it was very clear that people derived great pleasure from being involved in arts activities, and that it added greatly to their quality of life. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	It is also worth noting that involvement in arts activities can have a positive impact on the confidence, skills and training of the artists themselves. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	This is where the arts work has made itself felt: participants in observer groups, including residents and professionals, felt the arts project made an important contribution by: Benefiting young people; Establishing community networks of ongoing value; Developing the communitys identity and sense of itself; Improving leisure and recreational opportunities; and Increasing appreciation of the value of community activities. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Finding out about the history and culture of this area has helped me to feel proud of it. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	The sense of identity and belonging which comes from affirming, exploring and sharing a common culture was a factor in many of the projects. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Participating in arts projects can be a remarkable motivator, and many community groups had found a lasting sense of mission through their commitment to arts work. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	The wish to participate is rooted in cultural meaning. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	In other words, the end result of cultural participation is the improved capacity to take part in the collective life of society: cultural citizenship. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	Heritage experiences therefore help us to find our roots and enhance our confidence at belonging (Connecticut Commission on Culture and Tourism, 2004; Matarasso, 1997). .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	In any case, the purpose of revering a past through heritage is to give people a sense of belonging to a social group. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	Cultural participation enhances social cohesion because it creates occasions for socialization that are particularly attractive. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	Culture is important both to the individual and to the health of the nation. .
Grossi, E., ; Sacco, P.L., ; Blessi, G.T., ; Cerutti, R.,	The Impact of Culture on the Individual Subjective Well-Being of the Italian Population: An Exploratory Study	Once we put the culture/well-being link under the right set of analytical lenses, it turns out quite clearly that culture counts, namely, that there is clear evidence that cultural access has a definite impact on individual psychological well-being (and particularly so if cultural access occurs in a well-balanced mind-body perspective), and moreover that culture provides for some of the most effective predictors of well-being. .
Grossi, E., ; Sacco, P.L., ; Blessi, G.T., ; Buscema, M.,	The Interaction Between Culture, Health and Psychological Well-Being: Data Mining from the Italian Culture and Well-Being Project	Once we put the culture/well-being link under the right set of analytical lenses, it turns out quite clearly that culture counts, namely, that there is clear evidence that cultural access has a definite impact on individual psychological well being (and particularly so if cultural access occurs in a well-balanced mind-body perspective), and moreover that culture provides for some of the most effective predictors of well-being..
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	Many local communities have their own culture and history which adds to the quality of peoples lives. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	The author discovered that individual and community group participation in the arts can improve self-confidence and self-identity and found that often the social interaction that comes from active involvement in arts programmes can greatly add to social development within communities. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	It is about the image and self-image of an area; but it is also about the heritage, history, traditions and skills within a society. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	In our understanding of the role of arts in regeneration, we also discovered general agreement that the arts can: increase individuals personal development by helping their confidence, skills and motivation assist in social development as participants can make new friends and become interested in new topics improve the local image with people feeling more positive about where they live, and help participants feel better and healthier from their involvement in arts projects. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Communities that engage in arts activities on the occasions of interacting build a sense of belonging to a place, a group, an identity, where there is recognition of common grounds. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Indeed, arts develop a sense of community by repeatedly giving opportunities for expressing public values, Arts events and activities can give people a feeling of belonging (gained through joining a group or becoming involved with local arts organizations) and can reinforce an individuals connection to the community by giving public expression to the values and traditions of that community and sustaining its cultural heritage (McCarthy et al. 2004:14). .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Therefore, territories implementing strategies of development based on their cultural values recognise and celebrate common grounds and encourage a sense of belonging and place identity. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Nonetheless, arts and culture are capable of creating and giving rise to a sense of place, not only by celebrating communal values, but also by providing opportunities to meet and understand other value systems, to embrace diversity, to develop trust among others and to establish social networks. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	It worked with the slogan Culture does good, putting a lot of effort into research on effects of cultural engagement on wellbeing and quality of life. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	These factors together stimulate the local population to produce new collective memories, based on a collective reflection and expression over the community heritage and values. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	On one hand, they provide space for bonding by strengthening existing connections, celebrating identity and heritage. .
Evans, G.,	Measure for measure: evaluating the evidence of culture’s contribution to regeneration.	The arts have generated interest in regeneration through their symbolic potential, such as heritage and identity, assisting in change processes and cultural expression, and in reaching the parts which other regeneration activity does not reach. .
Montalto, V., ; Campagna, D., ; Caperna, G.,	Does Culture Make a Better Citizen? Exploring the Relationship Between Cultural and Civic Participation in Italy	Therefore, cultural participation may act as a vehicle of social inclusion in small communities through its positive association with civic engagement. .
Montalto, V., ; Campagna, D., ; Caperna, G.,	Does Culture Make a Better Citizen? Exploring the Relationship Between Cultural and Civic Participation in Italy	In other words, culture does contribute to make better citizens, and this positive effect is slightly stronger for people who are highly involved in a large variety of cultural activities. .
Laaksonen, A.,	Measuring Cultural Exclusion through Participation in Cultural Life.	Culture appears to have a strong role in building social cohesion and how community members relate to each other. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	Underneath these findings is the idea that cultural participation can create a sense of inclusion and collectiveness in a given community. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	Adding to such evidence, the current studys findings with respect to online forms of cultural capital show the potential of the Internet being used as a venue for appreciation and accumulation of cultural capital, consequently leading to positive psychological and social outcomes. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Measuring changes in subjective well‑being from engagement in the arts, culture and sport	In doing so, the analysis provides insight into the impact of the arts, culture and sport on overall well-being as well as reported satisfaction with specific domains of life. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Arts events and activities can give people a feeling of belonging (gained through joining a group or becoming involved with local arts organizations) and can reinforce an individuals connection to the community by giving public expression to the values and traditions of that community and sustaining its cultural heritage (Fromm, 1955; Lowe, 2000; Griffiths, 1993; Stern, 2000). .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Regular involvement in these arts activities can produce social solidarity and social cohesion through the creation of community symbols (e.g., neighborhood murals) and community identity. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	There is indeed a kind of pleasure in appreciating a work of art that relates powerfully to our own experiences. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	This kind of interaction immerses individuals in the communicative cycle of art, which creates intrinsic benefits. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Those individuals who are most engaged by their arts experience are the ones who are the most attuned to the intrinsic benefits, and those benefits create not only positive attitudes toward the arts, but also the motivation to return. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	It is such experiences that make people into life-long participants in the arts. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Moreover, the ability of the arts to express communal meaning and present expressions of shared cultural heritage are intrinsic benefits that have broader public value. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Whether it is the immediate delight and wonder that the arts experience can trigger or the cognitive benefits that come from more sustained arts involvement, the intrinsic benefits derived from the experience are what motivate individuals to become involved in the arts. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	These elements illustrate my opinion, sustaining that cultural heritage is an important avenue of investigations in cultural regeneration. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Culturally catalyzed transformations are even more viable, if they are founded on a rich cultural tradition of the place. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	At the same time, the cultural factors sustain and stimulate an increase of the cultural tourism. .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	When residents see their own cultural heritage being better preserved, they have more pride and higher SWB. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	The arts improve skills, cultural capital and creativity. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	Often, cultural facilities such as museums are central to plans to revitalise areas for example by capitalising on their past heritage. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	The Partnership, which included one of the UKs best-known celebratory organisations, Welfare State International, felt that the strong thread of cultural heritage was a highly valuable resource that could contribute significantly to promoting the image of the town. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	6. Recommendations Culture, but not just its aesthetic dimension, can make communities. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Also important is the integration of arts and culture into other public policy priorities such as education and community development, which can increase the potential support for cultural activity and further contribute to a vibrant cultural scene. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	It recognizes arts and cultural participation as valuable on its own terms and also integral to everyday life, community dynamics, and community conditions. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	To call special attention to these types of organizations, we term them pillar organizations because they are a mainstay for the diverse cultural participation and network of community stakeholders inherent in our concept of cultural vitality. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	This integration increases the potential support for cultural activity and, by extension, makes for a robust cultural scene. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	On the other hand, the concept of cultural vitality as we define it is attractive to many people because it is inclusive and makes possible the engagement of a wider set of stakeholders with potentially more power, who are concerned with making sure that a place has what it needs to be culturally vital. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Another dimension of cultural vitality is its system of support. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	The availability of better data about different aspects of cultural vitality is crucial and can lead to a much richer understanding of how different manifestations of the presence of arts and culture, cultural participation, and cultural support impact communities. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	This is yet another reason why, in addition to creating an appreciation for the role of arts and culture in and of itself, demonstrating the potential connections between cultural vitality and other community priorities is so crucial. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	Projects that offer cultural opportunities Participatory arts Most of the projects in the research involved creating opportunities for people to participate in arts activities - some of these projects had social and personal objectives such as to increase confidence and self-esteem. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	The benefits of cultural participation are not limited to the participants, but they also include the artistic milieu of a country. .
Sandell, R.,	Social inclusion, the museum and the dynamics of sectoral change.	At an individual or personal level, engagement with museums can deliver positive outcomes such as enhanced self-esteem, confidence and creativity. .
Gallou, E., ; Fouseki, K.,	Applying Social Impact Assessment (SIA) Principles in Assessing Contribution of Cultural Heritage to Social Sustainability.	Aim of the questions was not only to locate heritage values, but also understand that heritage potential assists sustainable development locally and specifically affects communitys well-being. .
Markusen , A., ; Godwa, A.,	Arts and Culture in Urban or Regional Planning: A Review and Research Agenda	They also posit that cultural investments, compared to other neighborhood revitalization tools, excel at nurturing both bonding and bridging social capital. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	It argues for recognition of the critical link between community culture and social cohesion, and demonstrates how community-based arts programs are powerful catalysts for developing healthy, viable communities. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	The value of community art lies in its expression of community culture, as part of the culture of wider society. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	The intensity of the creative process built trust and respect within the group around their shared values and life experiences. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Community culture plays a key role in fostering cultural diversity: it is a fundamental element in the expression of cultural values, and social interaction is a requirement for this expression to occur. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Pride in the result: a quality result which generates a sense of group pride in the collective artistic achievement. .
Tavano Blessi, G.; Grossi, E.; Sacco, P. L.; Piereti, G.; Ferilli, G.	The contribution of cultural participation to urban well-being. A comparative study in Bolzano/Bozen and Siracusa, Italy	Ina nutshell, cultural opportunities benefit individual well-being relatively more when they are placed in a context that favours cultural activity and participation, and vice versa. .
Tavano Blessi, G.; Grossi, E.; Sacco, P. L.; Piereti, G.; Ferilli, G.	The contribution of cultural participation to urban well-being. A comparative study in Bolzano/Bozen and Siracusa, Italy	The more culture becomes socially salient, available, and generally appreciated, the stronger its well-being effects and the more robust the social sustainability of cultural strategies. .
Binnie, J.	Does Viewing Art in the Museum Reduce Anxiety and Improve Wellbeing?	For many people working within the cultural sector, this belief is the motivating factor behind their commitment to their work. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	In these cases, urban renewal and heritage conservation can compliment and support each other, resulting in the local people building new place attachments and having a sense of belonging. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Social factors of heritage conservation The literature on conservation around the world discusses the ways that heritage conservation can contribute to the social wellbeing of people in urban renewal and regeneration districts. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	It contributes to a unique sense of place and community tradition. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	A heritage site is also a common means/ground to link people to their roots. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Moreover, heritage building should reflect self or community identity and enrich daily social lives, thus, contributing to cultural diversity. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	First, revitalized heritage buildings can affect the behavior and attitudes of the members of the community collectively and help them form some kind of bond. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Third, if a revitalized heritage building can retain the inhabitants' sense of ownership of place, this may contribute to improving their self-esteem. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Finally, after revitalization, the heritage buildings should become landmarks in the districts whose own symbolic meanings arise from symbols, spirit, emotions and nostalgia of place. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	The heritage buildings can also act as platforms for exchanging diversified cultures and to foster creativity. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	As well, a heritage conservation project is considered to be socially beneficial if it can enhance social interactions and social networks in the community and is associated with collective memory, which helps to create a stronger cultural identity and sense of community. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	At the same time, a heritage conservation project should also enhance cultural diversity and engender creativity. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	With the implementation of responsive policies and the organization of community events and activities, heritage conservation can enhance social interaction and social networks, enrich collective memory and create cultural identity, cultural diversity and sense of community. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Subjective well-being and engagement in arts, culture and sport.	Museums and historical sites, which both exhibit a number of cultural characteristics, are associated with greater satisfaction. .
Backman, M., ; Nilsson, P.,	The role of cultural heritage in attracting skilled individuals	Results suggest that these types of cultural heritages are important place-based resources with a potential to contribute to improved regional attractiveness and growth..
Backman, M., ; Nilsson, P.,	The role of cultural heritage in attracting skilled individuals	Alongside these traditional factors, we also find that there are some natural and cultural qualities that are positively associated with growth in human capital. .
Backman, M., ; Nilsson, P.,	The role of cultural heritage in attracting skilled individuals	The local supply of built heritages (listed monuments, historical buildings and site) and cultural environments is positively associated with the growth in human capital. .
Horton, S., ; Spence, J.,	Scoping the economic and social impact of archives.	Archives also have the potential to provide a valuable means by which individuals can identify with particular groups or communities, and as such can be seen as contributing to bonding social capital. .
Horton, S., ; Spence, J.,	Scoping the economic and social impact of archives.	The study is able to conclude from this that heritage has important positive impacts in the following areas: Economic impact: in terms of employment, tourism spending, urban renaissance, rural regeneration, and in shaping regional image and identity Cultural impact: in enhancing wider cultural well-being, and in terms of its own intrinsic cultural value, which helps shape regional and community identity Social impact: in relation to a range of education projects and initiatives to widen access and participation, which are providing a focus for community development and participation. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Archives and the records management strategies they employ have the potential to engage citizens with local history, promote education, foster a sense of community inclusion, support local cultural programs, and to develop the local economy. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	This may be because archives have traditionally been identified with cultural endeavours. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Archives and other cultural institutions help citizens to develop a sense of community and commonality among one another. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Along with local museums, libraries, galleries, and historic sites (all of whose work an archives can support with documentation), an archives is a key part of a group of amenities that make life in a community attractive, and can thus help draw people to a community to visit and to live. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Participation in the creation and use of an archival institution can thus support a sense of community ownership and inclusion. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Identity mapping deals with intangible cultural resources, such as local histories, traditions and values that combine to create a sense of community identity. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	One of the most significant contributions lies in the ability of arts and culture to help shape reflective individuals, facilitating greater understanding of themselves and their lives, empathy with respect to others, and an appreciation of the diversity of human experience and cultures. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	For example, we know that individuals who are involved in cultural activities tend to be more positive about and active in other dimensions of community life. .
Badham, M.,	Cultural Indicators: Tools for Community Engagement?	A Cultural Development Perspective Through creative collaboration and a values based approach, Community Cultural Development has a long history of strengthening communities, expressing cultural identity, and even addressing contentious issues at the grassroots level. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	Cultural activities, when they promote tolerance and mutual understanding, can be the fabric capable of keeping different communities together - the sense of place and the desire for reshaping a positive image for the city can also be a powerful driver for culture-led local development. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	It is heritage that brings together cultural aspects from the historical, anthropological, ethnic, aesthetic and societal viewpoints, influences creativity and is the origin of a number of heritage goods and services as well as cultural activities. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	The creative industries not only enable countries and regions to preserve their traditional heritage and to promote their own unique cultural identity to the world, but they also provide these countries with a source of economic growth, employment creation and increased participation in the global economy. .
Bianchini, F., ; Tommarchi, E., ; Hansen, L., E.	Problematising the question of participation in Capitals of Culture	There is nonetheless a growing recognition of the links between cultural participation and individual wellbeing (see for instance Galloway, 2006; Clift, 2012; Tavano Blessi et al., 2014 and 2016) and for example of the fact that engaging in cultural activity may have positive outcomes in dealing with e.g. anxiety and depression. .
Rahbarianyazd, R., ; Doratli, N.,	Assessing the contribution of cultural agglomeration in urban regeneration through developing cultural strategies.	Mostly they are built on a longstanding tradition and support local cultural industries. .
Widodo J., Wong Y.C., Ismail F.	DIGITAL HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE METHODOLOGY for HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT of SINGAPORE	It will help them to spread the heritage, culture and tradition beyond those who are native to the heritage. .
Cantillon Z., Baker S.	DIY Heritage Institutions as Third Places: Caring, Community and Wellbeing Among Volunteers at the Australian Jazz Museum	One such shared characteristic is that the ongoing involvement of volunteers in the community heritage sector is motivated not only by the important work of preservation, curation, and display that they do, but by the social and affective benefits that go along with it. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	Recurring themes are that engagement in artmaking reduces stress, facilitates contact with more positive emotions, increases self-worth and promotes feelings of social connectedness. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	Enjoying being together - group participation motivates participation All participants highlighted the social benefits of participation in the programme, as well as enjoying the inner experience of creativity. .
la Cour K., Josephsson S., Luborsky M.	Creating connections of life during life-threatening illness: Creative activity experienced by elderly people and occupational therapists	Results in common of these studies are that engagement in cultural and creative occupations can play an important role by providing patients with relief from problems, increasing selfesteem, and improving health. .
Hsu K.-W., Lin M.-L., Chao J.-C., Huang S.-F.	Constructing an evaluation framework for eco-museum operations-management performance, based on the case of Jhushan, Taiwan	The preservation of cultural heritage has a considerable impact on residents identity, and can also promote community participation. .
Hsu K.-W., Lin M.-L., Chao J.-C., Huang S.-F.	Constructing an evaluation framework for eco-museum operations-management performance, based on the case of Jhushan, Taiwan	Here, the importance of the sheer longevity of the tradition should not be underestimated as it connects to sustainability, as well as to cultural values. .
Lamontagne C., Palardy L.	Les impatients: A fragrance of health Les Impatients: Un parfum de santé	For these reasons and many more, many participants have reported the positive impacts of their involvement in the arts on their recovery. .
Liu Y.-D.	Event and sustainable culture-led regeneration: Lessons from the 2008 European Capital of Culture, Liverpool	Therefore, ensuring cultural sustainability is a key element of successful culture-led regeneration. .
Cerreta M., Daldanise G., Sposito S.	Culture-led regeneration for urban spaces Monitoring complex values networks in action	Indeed, culture, as an integrated and driving component, can make a difference in the processes of urban regeneration: renewing the image of the city and its neighbourhoods, fostering pride and a sense of belonging amongst its residents, attracting investment and tourism, improving the quality of life and social cohesion, enabling new job opportunities in the cultural and creative sectors, etc. .
Pastak I., Kährik A.	The impacts of culture-led flagship projects on local communities in the context of post-socialist tallinn	However, culture-based projects are also regarded by project initiators and politicians as improving the quality of life for local residents. .
Ozden P.	Culture-led regeneration projects in post-industrial areas: The Istanbul experience	Indeed, culture, as an integrated and driving component, can make a difference in the processes of urban regeneration: renewing the image of the city and its neighbourhoods, fostering pride and a sense of belonging amongst its residents, attracting investment and tourism, improving the quality of life and social cohesion, enabling new job opportunities in the cultural and creative sectors, etc. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	Equally, the performing arts have historically been cited as making people feel good and improving their quality of life. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	She found that the building of community and participating in such a sensual art form had a positive impact on the participants relationships with their bodies and they reported feeling more emotionally and psychologically comfortable with themselves. .
Lindblad K., de Boise S.	Musical engagement and subjective wellbeing amongst men in the third age	Rather, it fills deep psychological and social/emotional needs as part of their identity, giving them a sense of meaning and stability..
Biondi L., Demartini P., Marchegiani L., Marchiori M., Piber M.	Understanding orchestrated participatory cultural initiatives: Mapping the dynamics of governance and participation	Culture helps to build up individual and collective identities and is a crucial asset that can be developed by communities for far-reaching benefits. .
Biondi L., Demartini P., Marchegiani L., Marchiori M., Piber M.	Understanding orchestrated participatory cultural initiatives: Mapping the dynamics of governance and participation	Moreover, cultural-creative experiences are not merely single events in the life of an individual; they also contribute to a joint sense of identity. .
Biondi L., Demartini P., Marchegiani L., Marchiori M., Piber M.	Understanding orchestrated participatory cultural initiatives: Mapping the dynamics of governance and participation	Far beyond their intrinsic artistic value, communitybased cultural initiatives foster the participation of citizens at various levels, thus increasing civic engagement and community pride. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	The work also highlights the importance attached by the attendees to the cultural impacts of the festival, which are, in fact, the essence of the event..
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	Cultural festivals can contribute to development both from a personal point of view (self-esteem, confidence, creativity) and from a general perspective (creating a social atmosphere nice). .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	all of it as a consequence of the learning opportunities of the cultural events, the exposure to creativity, the creation of networks and relationships between people and the close relationship that festivals have with the place where they take place. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	In short, festivals play a fundamental role in diversifying the cultural offer of cities and regions, preserving the culture of society, improving the well-being of citizens and increasing social cohesion. .
Peterson M.	Living with difference in hyper-diverse areas: how important are encounters in semi-public spaces? Vécu de la différence dans les quartiers hyper-divers : importance des rencontres dans les espaces semi-publics El vivir con lo diferente en zonas excesivamente diversas: ¿cuán importantes son los encuentros en espacios semi-públicos?	Shared customs, traditions and language provide this emotional bonding factor by letting participants identify with each other more easily. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	Community cultural events tend to make people feel better about themselves and their communities, but without prior measures it is difficult to establish the range and magnitude of such effects. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	People value the contribution to identity and self-expression that arises from participation in the festival. .
Thomson L.J., Morse N., Elsden E., Chatterjee H.J.	Art, nature and mental health: assessing the biopsychosocial effects of a ‘creative green prescription’ museum programme involving horticulture, artmaking and collections	There is also good evidence to show that creative engagement in museums supports health and wellbeing, quality of life, social inclusion and lifelong learning. .
Thomson L.J., Morse N., Elsden E., Chatterjee H.J.	Art, nature and mental health: assessing the biopsychosocial effects of a ‘creative green prescription’ museum programme involving horticulture, artmaking and collections	The new learning gained from the programme, across both nature and arts topics, also contributed to a shared sense of community and individual self-esteem, thereby reducing feelings of isolation commonly reported by participants before the start of the project. .
Monsuez J.-J., François V., Ratiney R., Trinchet I., Polomeni P., Sebbane G., Muller S., Litout M., Castagno C., Frandji D.	Museum moving to inpatients: Le louvre à l’hôpital	Arts and cultural programs were reported to enhance their quality of life. .
Morse N., Chatterjee H.	Museums, health and wellbeing research: co-developing a new observational method for people with dementia in hospital contexts	The museum professionals wanted the programme to support participant wellbeing by providing an enjoyable time and an opportunity to connect emotionally with museum objects they might remember from their childhood. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	Meaning in life The findings in the study show that the service users have a comprehensive understanding of the role that the arts and cultural activity have in their lives and this understanding makes them experts on their own engagement in the arts and places them in a position to contribute as an engaged expert in their recovery. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	Being able to develop a creative identity and engaging in arts activities has positive wellbeing benefits and provide purpose and/or meaning in life to some service users. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	In this way, engagement in arts can be a vital element in rebuilding life, contributing to survival and providing meaning in life for a service user and as a positive step in the recovery journey. .
Roe B., McCormick S., Lucas T., Gallagher W., Winn A., Elkin S.	Coffee, Cake & Culture: Evaluation of an art for health programme for older people in the community	Engagement in cultural and creative arts by older people can increase their morale and self-confidence and provides opportunities for social connection. .
Ketch R.A., Rubin R.T., Baker M.R., Sones A.C., Ames D.	Art appreciation for veterans with severe mental illness in a VA Psychosocial Rehabilitation and Recovery Center	Appreciating art thus appears to promote both subjective and objective improvement in recovery and community re-integration for veterans who are experiencing chronic and disabling emotional distress. .
Paddon H.L., Thomson L.J.M., Menon U., Lanceley A.E., Chatterjee H.J.	Mixed methods evaluation of well-being benefits derived from a heritage-in-health intervention with hospital patients	Heritage-in-health interventions offered by museums (including art galleries) exemplify the NEF view of well-being, particularly the actions concerned with connecting and learning seen to promote renewed confidence and enjoyment. .
Ander E.E., Thomson L.J.M., Blair K., Noble G., Menon U., Lanceley A., Chatterjee H.J.	Using museum objects to improve wellbeing in mental health service users and neurological rehabilitation clients	Additionally, heritage objects were aesthetically pleasing in their colour, form and pattern while handmade items demonstrated the makers skills. .
Ander E.E., Thomson L.J.M., Blair K., Noble G., Menon U., Lanceley A., Chatterjee H.J.	Using museum objects to improve wellbeing in mental health service users and neurological rehabilitation clients	The research found that the sensory nature of museum objects, combined with a positive narrative, enhanced feelings of confidence, vitality, participation, identity, enjoyment and wellbeing. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	As it improves personal development, in turn heritage induces the improvement of interpersonal relationships. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Music making activities can therefore positively contribute to a sense of well-being for participants through the promotion of music as part of personal and social identity. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Applied ethnomusicology projects can also have more intangible ends, such as contributing to the vitality of a cultural movement, or even simply imbuing a given cultural practice or cultural group with respect and dignity. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The ultimate purpose of designing the accompaniment, and the film itself, in this way reflects a desire to connect culturally with the intended audience, in a way that foregrounds culture as a vital contribution towards the social determinants of health for the communities involved in this project. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	However, this chapter explores how participation in performing arts also benefits some requirements for survival: health and well-being. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The Arts, Indigenous Peoples and the Social Determinants of Health As studies have shown, because the arts are so deeply entwined in the continuation of culture and tradition (AIHW 2009; CA 2009; Marmion et al. 2014), they have the capacity to play an integral role in promoting Aboriginal peoples health and well-being and impacting upon the SDOH. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	In this way, the lifelong learning established as a part of arts participation is also impactful on the health determinant Language, Heritage, and Strong Cultural Identity. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	As a result, the current study supports the notion that arts-based practices can encourage connections within community and strengthen social capital, and thus may also contribute towards favourable health outcomes for community members. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	As the brief illustrations in this chapter have shown, participating in a documentary process designed to promote the continuation of culture and participating in a community festival designed to bring cultures together can play an important role in the health and well-being of First Peoples and culturally diverse community more broadly. .
Batt-Rawden K.B., Stedje K.	Singing as a health-promoting activity in elderly care: a qualitative, longitudinal study in Norway	Understanding this, music thus becomes an empowering asset that offers listeners a unique sense of personal control over their experiences, which can add to their emotional well-being. .
Habron J., Butterly F., Gordon I., Roebuck A.	Being well, being musical: Music composition as a resource and occupation for older people	The collaborative nature of community arts projects are of significance and may be positively linked to health and wellbeing. .
Habron J., Butterly F., Gordon I., Roebuck A.	Being well, being musical: Music composition as a resource and occupation for older people	Key findings Creative music composition enhanced a sense of identity for a group of older people. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	This, in turn, led to sustainability of key communities and offers the potential for inclusive growth in cultural heritage and cultural tourism, post conflict. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	Strengthening the Sense of Belonging and Empowering Local Groups Engaging with community archaeology and heritage projects not only reinforces the need for communities to come together, it enhances the relationships. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	Such engagement in cultural activities has been found to result in: the gaining of new skills improved informal and formal learning, increased self-confidence, self-esteem and feeling of self-worth, the improvement or creation of social networks, an enhanced quality of life, the promotion of social cohesion, personal and community empowerment, and improvement of personal and local image, identity and wellbeing. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	Practically, we also found that art and culture policies that lead to community engagement, storytelling and exchange of cultural heritage can have lasting effects that can aid in conflict prevention and help grow the development of cultural heritage, especially as opportunities for women. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	We also found that those that utilised the long lasting traditions of arts and cultural production were able to help validate peoples stories (the intangible cultural heritage) and perspectives by bringing people together to discover shared goals and strength. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	Inspiring Social Action Another factor that can be at the core of shaping identity and a sense of belonging is the nature of the archaeological work as a process to produce heritage; therefore, people engaged in these practices are a focus of local cultures and traditions and often become more engaged in their communities which helps the inclusion practices through social connectedness, participation and partnership, which, in turn, empower the indicators of social inclusion like understanding, acceptance and mutual trust. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	These include personal enrichment, social learning, satisfaction from sharing the heritage products with others, and less anxiety about the present. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	Whether becoming involved in heritage is good for ones health is thus significant in this respect. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	Understanding the spaces being created and occupied by community-based heritage groups and whether they are likely to promote social wellbeing is important. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	Heritage conservation as noted above is by its very nature about generating a closer relationship with one's local area. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	From the above two comments, it is clear that heritage conservation can go some way towards helping people make strong connections with their local sense of place and to some extent help alleviate some present day anxieties. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	Moreover, these positive affects appeared to have contributed to wider experiences of belonging, engagement, and social wellbeing, with each tied to place overtly. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	For the first point, there were obvious benefits from being able to draw on one's love of history and place, in terms of building and sustaining one's sense of belonging, cultural identity and security in one's area. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	Our findings show that people can develop much stronger, long-lasting connections with their communities through the heritage conservation work. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	Moreover, we would argue that facing these challenges can have longer lasting health-enabling effects, given the wider collective sense of community, belonging, order, balance, stability and place which can be cultivated and sustained by researching and conserving the heritage of one's local area. .
Hidalgo M.	Valuing the economic and social impact of the Carnival of Blacks and Whites of Pasto, Colombia Valoración del impacto económico y social del Carnaval de Negros y Blancos de Pasto, Colombia	It is a unique event that deserves to be safeguarded, because, like any other leisure activity, it invigorates cultural consumption. .
Butler U.M., Princeswal M.	Cultures of participation: Young peoples engagement in the public sphere in Brazil	The consequences of this are variously described as having to do with a sense of self-esteem, of not feeling ashamed to be considered as belonging to a particular group or category, but rather, a renewed sense of pride at being part of a constituency with a particular history and culture. .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Joice S., Kroll T., Mead G., Donnan P., Toma M., Williams B.	Art participation for psychosocial wellbeing during stroke rehabilitation: a feasibility randomised controlled trial	Art participation may enhance self-efficacy and positively influence emotional wellbeing. .
Nielsen S.L., Fich L.B., Roesslerb K.K., Mullins M.F.	How do patients actually experience and use art in hospitals? The significance of interaction: A user-oriented experimental case study	Furthermore, for some patients, art becomes a tool for existential support and a connection to life. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	Art-making provided a variety of experiences that enriched the participants inner mental life, and also promoted feelings of connectedness with the wider physical and social worlds. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	The sensual aspects of art-making were experienced as dynamic, bringing a rich inner life, and thereby enhancing wellbeing: I like colour and light and pattern. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	Inspiration was also stronger when participants could relate to the artist, either in terms of lyrical content, gender, ethnicity, or life experience. .
Florian Carl ,Rosemond Kutsidzo	Music a nd Wellbeing in Everyday Life: An Exploratory Study of Music Experience in Ghana	The music had strong personal association for him and he considered it to be very important to the activity thus enhancing the quality of the moment. .
Zhang, Y.; Tzortzopoulos, P.; Kagioglou, M.	Healing built-environment effects on health outcomes: environment–occupant–health framework.	Furthermore, it affects the perception ofa coloured display and/ or wayfinding sign, which are efficient in alleviating stress levels (relaxing atmosphere). .
Fancourt, D.; Steptoe, A.; Cadar, D.	Cultural engagement and cognitive reserve: museum attendance and dementia incidence over a 10-year period	Visiting museums is also a light physical activity so could reduce the negative effects of sedentary behaviours. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	This could be due in part to its ability to relieve stress. .
Landry, C., ; Bianchini, F.,	The Creative City	They lighten up the townscape, reduce the claustrophobia of the densely packed city and provide much needed breathing space and recreation areas. .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	Arts and cultural activities in health environments were seen as a tool for reducing stress and burnout, improving mood, work efforts, patient/ staff relationships, working environment and wellbeing. .
Binnie, J.	Does Viewing Art in the Museum Reduce Anxiety and Improve Wellbeing?	Discussion From the data collected within these two studies it appears that, at least for the museum visiting population, viewing art within a museum does have a positive impact upon anxiety, and thus also wellbeing. .
Binnie, J.	Does Viewing Art in the Museum Reduce Anxiety and Improve Wellbeing?	This positive experience for museums and art gallery visitors suggests that as well as being seen as educational or enjoyable places to visit, that the well-known idea that they are spaces of calm within a busy world can be true and as such museums and art galleries can be seen as places beneficial to personal wellbeing..
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Subjective well-being and engagement in arts, culture and sport.	A positive relationship with life satisfaction is present when museum visits are frequent, although it should be noted that visiting museums at least 3-4 times per year is associated with greater life and leisure satisfaction and general happiness. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Subjective well-being and engagement in arts, culture and sport.	Meanwhile, less frequent engagement in more passive activities including visiting historical sites and museums generates positive leisure experience. .
de Paiva A., Jedon R.	Short- and long-term effects of architecture on the brain: Toward theoretical formalization	A short-term exposure, short-term effect in this case can be the fact that just by viewing a natural sight for a few minutes can help lower stress levels, blood pressure, and muscle tension. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	Participants enjoyed respite from caregiving both through spending time immersed in the art-making process as well as participating in the social exchanges surrounding this. .
Troscianko E.T.	Literary reading and eating disorders: Survey evidence of therapeutic help and harm	It can also relax me and take my mind of the daily stresses. .
Abbing A., Ponstein A., van Hooren S., de Sonneville L., Swaab H., Baars E.	The effectiveness of art therapy for anxiety in adults: A systematic review of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials	using art-making as a relaxing activity, leading to stress reduction; .
Koch S.C., Mergheim K., Raeke J., Machado C.B., Riegner E., Nolden J., Diermayr G., von Moreau D., Hillecke T.K.	The embodied self in Parkinsons Disease: Feasibility of a single tango intervention for assessing changes in psychological health outcomes and aesthetic experience	Movement in a protected setting seems to generally stimulate positive affect, vitality, and coping, and to decrease tension, depressed affect, and anxiety. .
Mastandrea S., Maricchiolo F., Carrus G., Giovannelli I., Giuliani V., Berardi D.	Visits to figurative art museums may lower blood pressure and stress	Visits to art museum, in particular representational art style, may have positive effects on stress, decreasing heart rate and blood pressure. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	The service users found museums to be places where they found stimulation and a place for learning, relaxation and wellbeing: Museums are very important ... important for people from the hospital who have been through crises, for inspiration . if they spent their time on creativity, then museum and galleries are a good idea . It makes my life better . I gained inspiration from the visits (Lotte). .
Mastandrea S., Fagioli S., Biasi V.	Art and psychological well-being: Linking the brain to the aesthetic emotion	Using psychophysiological measures, studies find visits to art museums decrease stress, which could promote health and well-being (Clow and Fredhoi, 2006; Mastandrea et al., 2018). .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	There can also be health benefits associated with walking around between places associated with the heritage project. .
Brown J.L., MacDonald R., Mitchell R.	Are People Who Participate in Cultural Activities More Satisfied with Life?	Heritage recreation can provide these opportunities while being an alternative for people who do not like or cannot participate in sports. .
Awtuch A., Gȩbczyńska-Janowicz A.	Art and Healthcare - Healing Potential of Artistic Interventions in Medical Settings	Any positive distraction can elicit positive feelings, hold attention and interest and, therefore, reduce stressful thoughts. .
Awtuch A., Gȩbczyńska-Janowicz A.	Art and Healthcare - Healing Potential of Artistic Interventions in Medical Settings	The distraction therapy with nature sights and sounds significantly reduces pain in patients undergoing medical procedures. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	The sensuality of art-making also captured attention, sustained creative effort, and offered distraction from negative experiences for those living in difficult circumstances. .
Strong, J., V.; Mast, B., T.	The cognitive functioning of older adult instrumental musicians and non-musicians.	It could be argued that beginning a skill that has established benefits to the cognitive functioning of the brain in later stages of life would provide a boost to skills like executive function and memory. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	Several articles in this volume address the idea that art, heritage, and culture enhance our understanding and capacity for action. .
Fancourt, D.; Steptoe, A.; Cadar, D.	Cultural engagement and cognitive reserve: museum attendance and dementia incidence over a 10-year period	Theories of cognitive reserve suggest that complex and stimulating experiences can enhance neuronal structure and brain function, protecting against neurodegeneration.1 .
Fancourt, D.; Steptoe, A.; Cadar, D.	Cultural engagement and cognitive reserve: museum attendance and dementia incidence over a 10-year period	In conclusion, this novel analysis demonstrates that cultural participation through museum attendance could provide opportunities for interventions in older adults as a way of supporting engaged lifestyles to prevent dementia. .
Harland, J., ; Kinder , K., ; Hartley, K.,	Arts in their view. A study of youth participation in the arts.	This creativity and imagination is obviously inherent in the more traditional art forms, but it also needs to be recognised as an important force behind intellectual development, social and technological progression, and cultural renewal. .
Thomson, L. J.; Lockyer, B.; Camic, P. M.; Chatterjee, H. J.	Effects of a museum-based social prescription intervention on quantitative measures of psychological wellbeing in older adults	Conclusion: Museums can be instrumental in offering museum-based programmes for older adults to improve psychological wellbeing over time. .
Thomson, L. J.; Lockyer, B.; Camic, P. M.; Chatterjee, H. J.	Effects of a museum-based social prescription intervention on quantitative measures of psychological wellbeing in older adults	CONCLUSION Museums can be instrumental in offering older adult activities that improve psychological wellbeing and may lead to long-term outcomes such as sustained social capital and enhanced physical health. .
Windle, G.; Gregory, S.; Howson-Griffiths, T.; Newman, A.; O Brien, D.; Gouldin, A.	Exploring the theoretical foundations of visual art programmes for people living with dementia	When visual art programmes were designed to be failure-free, using good quality, age appropriate materials that maximised the residual capacities of the participants, they were able to trigger positive psychological processes in people living with dementia. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Archives present an excellent environment in which older people can exercise their minds and foster a state of well being. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Creating an archival mandate can be an exciting process in that it allows community members to imagine the potential an archival institution may have for their community. .
de Paiva A., Jedon R.	Short- and long-term effects of architecture on the brain: Toward theoretical formalization	By contrast, architectural environments that offer cognitive, social, and physical stimulation can help prevent many physical illnesses and mental diseases, avoid stress, and enhance learning and memory processes. .
Eum Y., Yim J., Choi W.	Elderly health and literature therapy: A theoretical review	Positive psychology can help the mental health of the elderly. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	There is increasing evidence in the international literature that engagement in the arts can enhance the physical and psychological wellbeing of older people. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	Participatory arts programmes can have positive effects on the general health, mental health and social activities of older people. .
Tymoszuk U., Perkins R., Spiro N., Williamon A., Fancourt D.	Longitudinal associations between short-term, repeated, and sustained arts engagement and well-being outcomes in Older Adults	These findings, taken together with previous evidence of the importance of arts engagement for well-being in older adulthood, suggest that policies that facilitate access to certain arts venues and support older adults engagement with them, for example, through free admission schemes and investments in local cultural initiatives, may help to promote happy, fulfilling lives of an increasing segment of the population..
Fancourt D., Steptoe A.	The art of life and death: 14 year follow-up analyses of associations between arts engagement and mortality in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing	This finding is consistent with research that shows that receptive arts engagement can help in preventing and managing depression, and that it can provide support in preventing cognitive decline and in developing cognitive reserve. .
Fancourt D., Steptoe A.	Cultural engagement predicts changes in cognitive function in older adults over a 10 year period: Findings from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing	There is increasing evidence that leading an active, socially engaged lifestyle might protect against cognitive decline. .
Fancourt D., Steptoe A.	Cultural engagement predicts changes in cognitive function in older adults over a 10 year period: Findings from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing	Complex and stimulating experiences can enhance neuronal structure and brain function through additional environmental stimulation and thereby provide a protective effect either against neurodegeneration or cognitive decline. .
Fancourt D., Steptoe A.	Cultural engagement predicts changes in cognitive function in older adults over a 10 year period: Findings from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing	So combined stress-reducing and affect-enhancing effects of receptive cultural activities provide another explanation for how receptive cultural activities could protect against cognitive decline. .
Fancourt D., Steptoe A.	Cultural engagement predicts changes in cognitive function in older adults over a 10 year period: Findings from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing	In light of this, a key consideration is whether programmes to increase cultural engagement amongst older adults could specifically arrest a decline in cognitive function. .
Särkämö T.	Music for the ageing brain: Cognitive, emotional, social, and neural benefits of musical leisure activities in stroke and dementia	Taken together, these findings suggest that musical leisure activities are clearly beneficial for seniors and can serve as an effective means to combat age-related cognitive decline. .
Mahendran R., Rawtaer I., Fam J., Wong J., Kumar A.P., Gandhi M., Jing K.X., Feng L., Kua E.H.	Art therapy and music reminiscence activity in the prevention of cognitive decline: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial	Early introduction of psycho-social interventions can address cognitive decline and significantly impact quality of life and the wellbeing of elderly individuals. .
Hanna G.P., Noelker L.S., Bienvenu B.	The arts, health, and aging in America: 2005-2015	The central premise of these recommendations was that the arts are a national and human resource and participating in them is vital to healthy aging. .
Windle G., Gregory S., Newman A., Goulding A., OBrien D., Parkinson C.	Understanding the impact of visual arts interventions for people living with dementia: A realist review protocol	Background: Arts-based activities are being increasingly suggested as a valuable activity for people living with dementia in terms of countering the negative aspects of their condition. .
Sarah Kate Smith,Anthea Innes, Sophie Bushell	Exploring the impact of live music performances on the wellbeing of community dwelling people living with dementia and their care partners	Music based initiatives can enhance the wellbeing of people living with dementia. .
Kaimal, G.; Gonzaga, A., M.; Schwachter, V.	Crafting, health and wellbeing: findings from the survey of public participation in the arts and considerations for art therapists.	Expression through crafts, decorating ones environment, and art making, including other creative pursuits such as writing, reading, hiking and more, can be a restorative act of relaxation, empower a sense of intrinsic control, enhance motivation and increase psychological well-being (Geda et al., 2011). .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	For mental health service users in Nottingham, Durham and Portsmouth, arts projects had represented a valued and supportive environment in which to relax and get to know other people. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Measuring changes in subjective well‑being from engagement in the arts, culture and sport	A number of studies have shown positive contributions from the following activities to subjective well-being: music and creative art activities (Cohen 2009; Cameron et al. 2013; Creech et al. 2013; Green 2016; Wang and Wong 2014, p. 100; Wood and Smith 2004) which may act as a source of inspiration and motivation, as well as influencing identity (Green 2016); museum visits, which are associated with benefits to psychological well-being, social interaction, relaxation and stress reduction (Chatterjee and Noble 2013; Packer 2008); libraries, which have been suggested to offer potential mental health benefits, e.g. use of books in therapy (Fanner and Urquhart 2008); and sport, recreational exercise and fitness which generates well-being benefits through mental and physical stimulation, and social capital and affiliation benefits associated with the enhancement of social networks (Cabinet Office 2015; Downward and Ras-ciute 2011; Hamer et al. 2009; Kavetsos 2011; Nichols et al. 2012; Schuttoff et al. 2018; Taylor et al. 2015). .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Measuring changes in subjective well‑being from engagement in the arts, culture and sport	Leisure satisfaction benefits are also found arising from higher levels of engagement in arts activities and events, historical sites and both moderate and mild sports. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	First, the arts can provide a variety of benefits that are primarily personal, or private, such as providing pleasure or relieving the anxiety felt before undergoing a medical procedure. .
Daykin, N.; Byrne, E.; Soteriou, T.; O’Connor, S.	The impact of art, design and enviroment in mental healthcare: a systematic review of the literature	Key benefits of arts were identified including: therapeutic benefits; enhanced experiences of care; reducing vandalism and aggression; providing greater privacy and dignity for patients; promoting a sense of identity; and enhancing staff morale and motivation. .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	The actual benefits have been documented as better mental health on different levels. .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	Improvement in the wellbeing of participants with short-term and longterm mental health problems was also found. .
Binnie, J.	Does Viewing Art in the Museum Reduce Anxiety and Improve Wellbeing?	One type of response which is of particular interest within this research is that of a sense of relaxation, calming and the reduction of anxiety. .
Poulos, R.G.; Marwood, S.; Harkin, D.; Opher, S.; Clift, S.; Cole, A.M.D.; Rhee, J.; Beilharz, K.; Poulos, C.J.	Arts on prescription for community‐dwelling older people with a range of health and wellness needs	We suggest that the manner in which the professional artists worked with participants also facilitated the gains in mental wellbeing attained. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Some people may find remembering the past to be a happy and nostalgic experience. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	Participants experienced the arts group as providing a sense of freedom and respite, strengthening identity through promoting achievement, offering social support through a collective focus on art- and craft-making and increasing resilience for coping with caring. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	The creative art-making within a supportive social environment helped to alleviate the sense of depletion that carers associated with caregiving and offered a brief experience of respite that they felt enhanced their resilience and coping resources. .
Reynolds F., Vivat B., Prior S.	Womens experiences of increasing subjective well-being in CFS/ME through leisure-based arts and crafts activities: A qualitative study	Once established as a leisure activity, art-making increased subjective well-being mainly through providing increased satisfaction in daily life, positive self-image, hope, and contact with the outside world. .
Reynolds F., Vivat B., Prior S.	Womens experiences of increasing subjective well-being in CFS/ME through leisure-based arts and crafts activities: A qualitative study	Colour within the artwork itself had positive effects on emotional state, through both its direct stimulus and its capacity to trigger positive memories about life and self before illness. .
Reynolds F., Vivat B., Prior S.	Womens experiences of increasing subjective well-being in CFS/ME through leisure-based arts and crafts activities: A qualitative study	Once established as a regular leisure activity, artmaking supported subjective well-being in various ways. .
Bergqvist P., Punzi E.	“Living poets society”–a qualitative study of how Swedish psychologists incorporate reading and writing in clinical work	Different forms of reading and writing can have therapeutic effects and therefore beneficially are incorporated into mental health care. .
Pettersson C.	Psychological well-being, improved self-confidence, and social capacity: bibliotherapy from a user perspective	Psychological well-being The reading circle was apparently meaningful to the participants and taking part had a positive effect on their perception of their health and psychological well-being. .
Brewster L.	Murder by the book: Using crime fiction as a bibliotherapeutic resource	Enabling people to find pleasure in reading can be considered an outcomeas well as a process of managing symptoms of poor mental health and well-being. .
Morita H., Sugamura G.	Reading poems to oneself affects emotional state and level of distraction	Effect on Mood Silent reading of positive poetry with personal and social perspectives enhanced a sense of leisure and relaxation. .
Funaro M.C., Rojiani R., Norton M.J.	Improving community well-being through collaborative initiatives at a medical library	Providing wellness activities such as mindfulness meditation or spaces for self-defined care can help health care professionals cope with stress. .
Imtiaz D., Anwar Y., Khan A.	Wearable sensors and a multisensory music and reminiscence therapies application: To help reduce behavioral and psychological symptoms in person with dementia	The pictures/video created a calming effect on the individual. .
Beauchet O., Cooper-Brown L., Hayashi Y., Galery K., Vilcocq C., Bastien T.	Effects of thursdays at the Museum at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts on the mental and physical health of older community dwellers: The art-health randomized clinical trial protocol	In conclusion, participation in museums art-based activities has received growing interest from researchers and policy-makers due to their potentially positive effects on mental and physical health. .
Mastandrea S., Maricchiolo F., Carrus G., Giovannelli I., Giuliani V., Berardi D.	Visits to figurative art museums may lower blood pressure and stress	This sort of behavioral treatment could be indicated for people who suffer from hypertension or other health problems, gaining direct beneficial effects in terms of relaxation and stress recovering..
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	The functionality ascribed to arts in mental health is illustrated by using art to make sense of the day and creating meaning in life as a tool for inspiration and motivation, and feeling good and relaxed, as described in the comments by the service users. .
Mastandrea S., Fagioli S., Biasi V.	Art and psychological well-being: Linking the brain to the aesthetic emotion	In this review, we consider the idea that the positive emotional output elicited from the aesthetic experience affects mood, and indirectly promotes health and well-being. .
Mastandrea S., Fagioli S., Biasi V.	Art and psychological well-being: Linking the brain to the aesthetic emotion	CONCLUSION Aesthetic experience, in many settings, may promote well-being. .
Mastandrea S., Fagioli S., Biasi V.	Art and psychological well-being: Linking the brain to the aesthetic emotion	The self-rewarding nature of aesthetic experience may influence the beholders affective state, possibly improving wellbeing. .
Ketch R.A., Rubin R.T., Baker M.R., Sones A.C., Ames D.	Art appreciation for veterans with severe mental illness in a VA Psychosocial Rehabilitation and Recovery Center	Considerable research has shown the positive effects of art, music and drama therapy on mental health and well-being. .
Ander E.E., Thomson L.J.M., Blair K., Noble G., Menon U., Lanceley A., Chatterjee H.J.	Using museum objects to improve wellbeing in mental health service users and neurological rehabilitation clients	Sessions visibly calmed anxiety and, in some cases, increased levels of enjoyment in depressed patients. .
Camic P.M., Baker E.L., Tischler V.	Theorizing how art gallery interventions impact people with dementia and their caregivers	Psychologically informed arts and health programs may be particularly beneficial ways of improving the lives of people with dementia and their caregivers. .
Han X.	Neurofeedback mechanism of music features on mental health development of adolescents	From an emotional and mental health perspective, this result suggests that soothing music can make teens less emotionally volatile and better mentally healthy. .
Waddington-Jones C., King A., Burnard P.	Exploring wellbeing and creativity through collaborative composition as part of hull 2017 city of culture	Several studies have highlighted the positive effects of group music-making and have suggested that it may be the creative and social aspects of such activities, which have a positive effect on participants' wellbeing. .
Waddington-Jones C., King A., Burnard P.	Exploring wellbeing and creativity through collaborative composition as part of hull 2017 city of culture	Several studies have highlighted the positive effects of group music-making and have suggested that it may be the creative and social aspects of such activities, which have a positive effect on participants wellbeing. .
Waddington-Jones C., King A., Burnard P.	Exploring wellbeing and creativity through collaborative composition as part of hull 2017 city of culture	Analysis of the qualitative data revealed benefits for health, emotional, and cognitive dimensions of wellbeing. .
Ray K.D., Götell E.	The use of music and music therapy in ameliorating depression symptoms and improving well-being in nursing home residents with dementia	Background: Studies have shown music therapy can improve depression symptoms in dementia and the use of music activities show promise to have positive impacts on wellbeing. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Previous studies have highlighted positive relationships between music participation, health and well-being in terms of social, emotional, cognitive and physical health, musicianship, spiritual, identity, self-improvement and life satisfaction benefits. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Such motivations can be related to the perceived health and well-being benefits of participating in music making activities. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Their programmes have demonstrated significant psychological and social benefits, but also that crucial bio-markers that underpin not only feelings of well-being and relaxation but also markers of immune system activity, were improved. .
Gillam T.	Enhancing public mental health and wellbeing through creative arts participation	Findings: There is evidence that creative arts activity is beneficial to mental health and wellbeing. .
Gillam T.	Enhancing public mental health and wellbeing through creative arts participation	Creative arts participation can help people with diagnosed mental health difficulties to recover from mental illness. .
Gillam T.	Enhancing public mental health and wellbeing through creative arts participation	Conclusion There is growing evidence that participation in creative arts activities has health and wellbeing benefits for those living with mental health problems and the wider community. .
Forbes M.	“We’re pushing back”: Group singing, social identity, and caring for a spouse with Parkinson’s	Caregivers experienced the group as a means of social support either directly or simply as respite from caring duties, as well as a place where strong bonds were formed. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	Moreover, when people with mental health conditions were engaging in these programmes their mental health and wellbeing significantly improved. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	2. Researching heritage, place and wellbeing As indicated, the health geography literature has explored the beneficial physical and mental health effects of participating in a range of community-based activities. .
Brown J.L., MacDonald R., Mitchell R.	Are People Who Participate in Cultural Activities More Satisfied with Life?	For example, in other studies museums have been suggested to have a restorative effect and promote relaxation (Packer 2008), reduce anxiety (Binnie 2010), increase attention focus, promote a sense of community (Thompson et al. 2011) and to be associated with increased happiness and self-reported health (Fujiwara 2013; Leadbetter and OConnor 2013). .
Brown J.L., MacDonald R., Mitchell R.	Are People Who Participate in Cultural Activities More Satisfied with Life?	Policy makers and institutions in charge of providing heritage recreation should consider subjective wellbeing measures, such as life satisfaction, in the evaluation of their services. .
Newman A., Goulding A., Davenport B., Windle G.	The role of the visual arts in the resilience of people living with dementia in care homes	The arts enrichment activity mainly, although not exclusively, supported personhood and therefore respondents resilience. .
Newman A., Goulding A., Davenport B., Windle G.	The role of the visual arts in the resilience of people living with dementia in care homes	The arts enrichment activities provide a context where respondents, even with severe dementia, collectively supported each others personhood and so resilience. .
Secker J., Heydinrych K., Kent L., Keay J.	Why art? Exploring the contribution to mental well-being of the creative aspects and processes of visual art-making in an arts and mental health course	Implications for research and practice Although small in scale this study contributes to understanding of the ways in which participation in the creative processes of art-making benefits participants mental well-being. .
Secker J., Heydinrych K., Kent L., Keay J.	Why art? Exploring the contribution to mental well-being of the creative aspects and processes of visual art-making in an arts and mental health course	The study may also be useful to other arts projects and practitioners aiming to promote mental well-being for people experiencing or at risk of mental health problems. .
Nielsen S.L., Fich L.B., Roesslerb K.K., Mullins M.F.	How do patients actually experience and use art in hospitals? The significance of interaction: A user-oriented experimental case study	Emotional effects: art upholding security, safety, self and spirit The data shows how art interacts with patients on an emotional level, promoting composure in different ways, such as an expression of unexpected luxury, a definer of space and a generator of memories. .
Nielsen S.L., Fich L.B., Roesslerb K.K., Mullins M.F.	How do patients actually experience and use art in hospitals? The significance of interaction: A user-oriented experimental case study	In this case it is not just the fact that art as material is present, but also the fact that it represents a greater context that leads patients to experience a sense of security. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	For those with health problems, such sustained mental absorption helped to alleviate concerns with pain and discomfort, and provided alternative self-definitions. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	There are multiple forms of wellbeing that might involve music, including physical wellbeing, social wellbeing, emotional wellbeing, and more broadly, psychological wellbeing. .
Garrido, Gemma et al 2016	Music & Wellbeing	Music activity can have effects that improve the psychological health of individuals. .
Kim D.	The effects of a combined physical activity, recreation, and art and craft program on ADL, cognition, and depression in the elderly	The physical and recreational activity used in the present study are activities in which one actively moves ones own body and were considered to have good effects on improving physical strength in the elderly subjects. .
Goto F., Yabe H.	A case of profound sensorineural hearing loss whose speech discrimination was improved by combination of bibliotherapy and auditory training	In addition to this, active training is useful. .
Foley B.C., Vassallo A.J., Reece L.J.	Lights out, lets dance! An investigation into participation in No Lights, No Lycra and its association with health and wellbeing	Background: Organized, leisure time physical activities are an important part of a population approach to increase total physical activity participation. .
Foley B.C., Vassallo A.J., Reece L.J.	Lights out, lets dance! An investigation into participation in No Lights, No Lycra and its association with health and wellbeing	Further investigation into what motivates participation in modified sport and physical activities will provide useful insights towards increasing population physical activity and improving health..
Douka S., Zilidou V.I., Lilou O., Manou V.	Traditional dance improves the physical fitness and well-being of the elderly	Regular physical activity is considered one of the most important factors for lifestyle, for maintaining good health in older ages and increasing life expectancy. .
Douka S., Zilidou V.I., Lilou O., Manou V.	Traditional dance improves the physical fitness and well-being of the elderly	Thus, it is a physical activity more popular and hence readily selectable by the elderly, which can equally have beneficial effects of exercise. .
Douka S., Zilidou V.I., Lilou O., Manou V.	Traditional dance improves the physical fitness and well-being of the elderly	As well, exercise and participation in physical activities are associated with better performance in cognitive functions. .
Lenstra N.	Movement-based programs in U.S. and Canadian public libraries: Evidence of impacts from an exploratory survey	Although more research is needed, the findings from this exploratory study suggest that movement-based programs contribute both to health and wellness as well as to community building. .
Thomson L.J., Morse N., Elsden E., Chatterjee H.J.	Art, nature and mental health: assessing the biopsychosocial effects of a ‘creative green prescription’ museum programme involving horticulture, artmaking and collections	Nature prescriptions can promote physical activity leading to positive health outcomes, while contact with nature can have an additional restorative effect on mental wellbeing. .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	People left their homes and became more active: I think it's walking about, getting there, the journey as a way of keeping healthy, exercising, doing stairs. .
Warran K., Fancourt D., Perkins R.	The experience and perceived impact of group singing for men living with cancer: A phenomenological study	Much, much more ... just the getting up and down is exercise ... .
Hunter R.F., Cleland C., Cleary A., Droomers M., Wheeler B.W., Sinnett D., Nieuwenhuijsen M.J., Braubach M.	Environmental, health, wellbeing, social and equity effects of urban green space interventions: A meta-narrative evidence synthesis	Though health and wellbeing have complex social determinants, a central hypothesis is that benefits to health and wellbeing can be achieved through increasing physical activity and social interaction at the neighbourhood scale and by enhancing people's ability to participate in society. .
Hunter R.F., Cleland C., Cleary A., Droomers M., Wheeler B.W., Sinnett D., Nieuwenhuijsen M.J., Braubach M.	Environmental, health, wellbeing, social and equity effects of urban green space interventions: A meta-narrative evidence synthesis	These findings were particularly evident for health benefits delivered through increasing park use and physical activity behaviour. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Pupils artistic skills, writing and personal development, for example, are enhanced by its many superb activities. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Pupils who are talented in sports or the arts thrive on a curriculum which offers many worthwhile opportunities in these areas. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	All, however, have contributed valuable understanding to the research, adding to the range of cultural activity and of approaches to participation. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	ENHANCING UNDERSTANDING AND CAPACITY FOR COLLECTIVE ACTION Encounters with arts or heritage expose people to ideas and understandings, new or old, about how to interpret the world around them. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	The first, educational and cognitive benefits, denotes that culture can develop learning capacities. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Lastly, producing quality experiences means developing cultural activities which induce creative thinking, social interaction and informal processes of education when exploring the territory values and heritage. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	The empirical observation allowed identifying factors of effectiveness through which cultural programmes can enhance social capacities. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Specifically, on the ECoC programmes, three factors were encountered, the programmes ability to enrich the physical environment (where the renewal and celebration of cultural - physical and immaterial - heritage can forge new behaviours in the public space), to engage the population (where citizens active role can give them opportunities to develop crucial skills for collective action) and to produce quality activities (where creatively exploring territorys symbols can induce informal learning processes). .
Huysmans, F., ; Oomes, M.,	Measuring the public library's societal value: A methodological research program.	More specifically, findings show that on the individual level, the library contributes by providing access to information (stimulating and supporting information discovery; providing access to multilingual services; helping culturally and linguistically diverse communities; mediating between the user and the information available and maintaining local history and culture, and helping individuals to develop their skills (promoting learning in infancy and childhood; supporting young people/students; supporting basic literacy and encouraging reading; providing access to new technology and skills; stimulate thinking). .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	In other words, children of the dominant class grow up being exposed to and developing familiarity with culture and are likely to be able to transfer such inherited cultural capital toward broader social value, such as success and achievement in school. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Studies of cognitive benefits focus on the development of learning skills and academic performance in school-aged youth. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	This diversity in learning styles makes the arts (and arts-related techniques) well suited for teaching traditional academic skills. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Integrating the arts into the teaching of the more traditional academic subjects builds on this insight, as well as on the recognition of different learning styles and forms of intelligence, to enrich students understanding of other subjects. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	They are effective in developing community skills, capabilities and creativity. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	The arts have been said to improve health, mental well-being, cognitive functioning, creative ability and academic performance. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	This was a useful exercise - the participants made a number of suggestions which came to be built into future courses. .
Blessi, G.T., ; Tremblay , D., G.; Sandri, M., ; Pilati, T.,	New trajectories in urban regeneration processes: Cultural capital as source of human and social capital accumulation – Evidence from the case of Tohu in Montreal	The types of learning opportunities that arise from culture-led regeneration processes extend well beyond formal education opportunities (e.g., schooling) to the learning opportunities that emerge from consumption and participation in cultural goods and experiences. .
Gallou, E., ; Fouseki, K.,	Applying Social Impact Assessment (SIA) Principles in Assessing Contribution of Cultural Heritage to Social Sustainability.	In such an approach, knowledge gained from projects, referred to usually as legacy, can be more efficiently incorporated in the institutional capital of heritage organizations and retrofitted into the successive project planning and design processes they undertake. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Learning for human development helps people to evaluate critically and gain greater personal insights and understanding of the world around them. .
Australian Expert Group in Industry Studies , AEGIS,	Social impacts of Participation in the Arts and Cultural Activities	It is certainly possible that studying the arts leads to the development of cognitive skills that in turn lead to heightened achievement in academic areas. .
Australian Expert Group in Industry Studies , AEGIS,	Social impacts of Participation in the Arts and Cultural Activities	It is also possible that studying the arts leads to greater engagement in school, which in turn leads to greater academic achievement. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	In doing so, this new approach to heritage conservation contributes to the physical fabric and character of a surrounding environment. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	A community archives can do so especially by helping people develop and employ skills that enable them to participate in the knowledgebased economy. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Enhancing the ability of archives to support local historical initiatives may prove particularly useful to people involved in education. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Archives could support the teaching of local history and development of students research skills. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Much of the interest in cultural development stems from the recognition that well developed cultural infrastructure is necessary to retain skilled and educated workers. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Audience diversity and building community strength are key objectives, as with programmes using arts as an educational medium to build creativity and support broader learning. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	Their emotional engagement with the exhibits, along with physical and cognitive engagement with various interactive elements will work to aid their learning, building on the knowledge that they already have. .
Badham, M.,	Cultural Indicators: Tools for Community Engagement?	This may stimulate corresponding theoretical and empirical enrichment of the study of culture, and for this studys interest, the engagement of a diversity of cultural value(s). .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	They are key resources for a creative ecosystem as providers of: - Creative people and ideas; - Artistic traditions and know how on which to build distinctiveness; - Creative management capacities and experience; - Conviviality, knowledge, tradition and fun. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Moreover, education and learning play a fundamental role in shaping a creative environment. .
Felton E., Vichie K., Moore E.	Widening participation creatively: creative arts education for social inclusion	One of the key distinctions for the faculty is the unique opportunity afforded by most of its disciplines for embodied and rich learning experiences. .
Trevino Sherk J., Cobreros Rodriguez C.	Rural democratic design: Participatory design and service learning strategies in sustainable development to promote civic mindedness in community development	This living laboratory explores and develops new teaching and learning methods resulting in the students and the communitys enhanced skills. .
Trevino Sherk J., Cobreros Rodriguez C.	Rural democratic design: Participatory design and service learning strategies in sustainable development to promote civic mindedness in community development	These workshops help to address complexities, empower the community, and balance the need to preserve natural and cultural resources. .
Trevino Sherk J., Cobreros Rodriguez C.	Rural democratic design: Participatory design and service learning strategies in sustainable development to promote civic mindedness in community development	The course learning objectives directly related to the design process and its relationship to the principles of critical thinking. .
Widodo J., Wong Y.C., Ismail F.	DIGITAL HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE METHODOLOGY for HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT of SINGAPORE	Through this research, we hope to uncover for better experience of digital heritage architecture where interpretation is an evolving process' that is participatory and contributory that allows public participation, together with effective presentation, cultural learning and embodiment, to enhance the end-users' interpretation of digital heritage architecture. .
Widodo J., Wong Y.C., Ismail F.	DIGITAL HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE METHODOLOGY for HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT of SINGAPORE	The workshop done over the summer vacation helps to increase appreciation of urban development and heritage. .
Widodo J., Wong Y.C., Ismail F.	DIGITAL HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE METHODOLOGY for HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT of SINGAPORE	Moreover, this cognitive state promotes mindful contributions further refining the interpretation of digital heritage as presented on the site and as a result strengthening the constructivist information flow approach. .
Widodo J., Wong Y.C., Ismail F.	DIGITAL HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE METHODOLOGY for HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT of SINGAPORE	The details and the recreation of the heritage architecture will provide them with a good sense of spatial visualisation. .
Widodo J., Wong Y.C., Ismail F.	DIGITAL HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE METHODOLOGY for HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT of SINGAPORE	Thus, they could get involved with the activities and increase the interaction with the heritage architecture to foster a greater learning experience. .
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	These findings contribute to the growing body of evidence demonstrating that participation in lifelong learning is an effective way of enhancing well-being..
la Cour K., Josephsson S., Luborsky M.	Creating connections of life during life-threatening illness: Creative activity experienced by elderly people and occupational therapists	The findings in this study add knowledge for the understanding of components necessary for establishing a space or therapeutic environment in which creative work and acts of defining and reconstructing meaningful connections to cultural traditions and life in the community can take place. .
Prieto-Pinto L., Lara-Díaz M.F., Garzón-Orjuela N., Herrera D., Páez-Canro C., Reyes J.H., González-Gordon L., Jiménez-Murcia V., Eslava-Schmalbach J.	Effectiveness assessment of maternal and neonatal health video clips in knowledge transfer using neuromarketing tools: A randomized crossover trial	It has become vital to design educational strategies that guarantee an effective learning process. .
Galindo-Neto N.M., Alexandre A.C.S., Barros L.M., Sá G.G.M., de Carvalho K.M., Caetano J.Á.	Creation and validation of an educational video for deaf people about cardiopulmonary resuscitation	This reference includes components necessary for the content of an instruction to promote cognitive activation, mental processing, and long-term memory storage. .
Moreira J.A., Rodrigues E.	The potencial of science fiction cinema in a prison context and its impact on the construction of learning communities Potencialidades do Cinema de Ficção Científica em Contexto de Reclusão e o seu Impacto na Construção de Comunidades de Aprendizagem	Education is a universal right and plays a crucial role in human development, helping the individual to build his personality and character. .
Moreira J.A., Rodrigues E.	The potencial of science fiction cinema in a prison context and its impact on the construction of learning communities Potencialidades do Cinema de Ficção Científica em Contexto de Reclusão e o seu Impacto na Construção de Comunidades de Aprendizagem	Among the main advantages of this model are the application of a learning theory that allows for a consistent pedagogical basis, the development of students' cognitive flexibility and the stimulation of the practice of analysis. .
Cerreta M., Daldanise G., Sposito S.	Culture-led regeneration for urban spaces Monitoring complex values networks in action	1. The relationship between these categories of domains, dimensions, and criteria valorizes anthropic and natural resources as a foundation for the participatory and culture-led regeneration of local public spaces and improves an exante evaluation framework for future practices. .
Cerreta M., Daldanise G., Sposito S.	Culture-led regeneration for urban spaces Monitoring complex values networks in action	The key idea involves the development of professionalism in the field of activities related to the management and enhancement of cultural heritage. .
Cerreta M., Daldanise G., Sposito S.	Culture-led regeneration for urban spaces Monitoring complex values networks in action	These professional skills are oriented towards future generations in order to promote knowledge of history and place identity. .
Ozden P.	Culture-led regeneration projects in post-industrial areas: The Istanbul experience	1. The relationship between these categories of domains, dimensions, and criteria valorizes anthropic and natural resources as a foundation for the participatory and culture-led regeneration of local public spaces and improves an exante evaluation framework for future practices. .
Ozden P.	Culture-led regeneration projects in post-industrial areas: The Istanbul experience	The key idea involves the development of professionalism in the field of activities related to the management and enhancement of cultural heritage. .
Ozden P.	Culture-led regeneration projects in post-industrial areas: The Istanbul experience	These professional skills are oriented towards future generations in order to promote knowledge of history and place identity. .
Ketch R.A., Rubin R.T., Baker M.R., Sones A.C., Ames D.	Art appreciation for veterans with severe mental illness in a VA Psychosocial Rehabilitation and Recovery Center	One of the most important aspects of the recovery model is the support of cultural diversity and lifelong learning. .
Whitesell E.R.	A day at the museum: The impact of field trips on middle school science achievement	Support for this strategy is found in research on in- and out-of-school contributions to learning. .
Whitesell E.R.	A day at the museum: The impact of field trips on middle school science achievement	The extensive PD UA teachers undergo with regard to integrating inquiry experiences and planning field trips could increase confidence in their ability to design trips that contribute meaningfully to students education outcomes, including test scores. .
Whitesell E.R.	A day at the museum: The impact of field trips on middle school science achievement	This information will lead to a better understanding of how field trips influence students educational development and achievement. .
Whitesell E.R.	A day at the museum: The impact of field trips on middle school science achievement	On the one hand, this is an ideal setting for studying field trips, as it provides evidence about the potential class field trips have for improving students achievement. .
Bandelli A.	Assessing scientific citizenship through science centre visitor studies	How science centres strengthen scientific competence has been studied in various domains from the perspective of learning, engagement, literacy, etc. .
Rahm J.	Multiple Modes of Meaning-Making in a Science Center	Such studies would also help clarify the methodological challenges inherent in studies of learning trajectories and facilitate an expansion of research methods needed to address the much more complex questions such notions of learning pose. .
Rahm J.	Multiple Modes of Meaning-Making in a Science Center	Through such sustained opportunities of involvement in the museum, they were able to develop not only a deeper understanding of the science embedded in the exhibits, but also came to realize their potential as learners in a general sense. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	Art, identified as super-core creativity, has a special function in the relationship between community and built environment, because it contributes to the construction of a new critical knowledge, able to recreate communities. .
Mahendran R., Rawtaer I., Fam J., Wong J., Kumar A.P., Gandhi M., Jing K.X., Feng L., Kua E.H.	Art therapy and music reminiscence activity in the prevention of cognitive decline: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial	Evidence suggests that training in these areas strengthen attention systems and improve cognition. .
Kesler T., Gibson L., Jr., Turansky C.	Bringing the book to life: Responding to historical fiction using digital storytelling	Overall, the project work was a strong resource for formative assessment, with the possibilities of then teaching into each book clubs learning needs. .
Garcia Yeste C., Gairal Casadó R., Munté Pascual A., Plaja Viñas T.	Dialogic literary gatherings and out-of-home child care: Creation of new meanings through classic literature	DLGs not only enable the creation of a reflective space and personal transformation but also foster the improvement of academic skills. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	It is clear that cultural participation can lead to the development and enhancement of many skills and competences. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	There was a clear awareness of the beneficial effects of giving young people an opportunity to become involved in the heritage research projects. .
Colby S.	Multicultural arts education in the post-secondary context?: Creating installation and performance art in surrey, Canada	The project therefore suggests that multicultural arts education can be a powerful complement to a traditional postsecondary curriculum, one that both enriches standard practice and creates new pathways to learning and understanding..
Hopkins P., Hare J., Donaghey J., Abbott W.	Geo, audio, video, photo: How digital convergence in mobile devices facilitates participatory culture in libraries	Conclusion In the current networked world, there is great potential for libraries to play a vital role in the participatory culture movement by supporting people to gain the skills and technology access necessary for meaningful participation in society at every level, and by harnessing the principles of participatory culture to transform libraries into transparent, engaged, responsive cultural organisations. .
Goddard J.	Valuing the place of young people with learning disabilities in the arts	In addition, carefully structuring working processes so that there is a logical progression to the learning processes of individual participants greatly facilitates the development of the work. .
Secker J., Heydinrych K., Kent L., Keay J.	Why art? Exploring the contribution to mental well-being of the creative aspects and processes of visual art-making in an arts and mental health course	Our study therefore highlights the importance of providing opportunities to experience the benefits of creative activity through courses such as those run by Open Arts. .
Cárdenas R.E., Barriga A.P., Lizama J.I.	Artistic expression as a teaching strategy for the development of affectivity and self-esteem in people with Intellectual Disabilities and Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) La expresión artística como estrategia didáctica para el desarrollo de la afectividad y la autoestima en una persona con Discapacidad Intelectual y Síndrome Alcohólico Fetal (SAF)	5. Artistic Education, Creativity and Disability Artistic Education enriches cultural diversity, affective experiences, creative, imaginative and symbolic faculties of students, allowing them to develop the capacity for reflection, critical thinking and visual sensitivity necessary to appreciate the aesthetic and cultural dimensions of their environment (MINEDUC , 2013). .
Cárdenas R.E., Barriga A.P., Lizama J.I.	Artistic expression as a teaching strategy for the development of affectivity and self-esteem in people with Intellectual Disabilities and Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) La expresión artística como estrategia didáctica para el desarrollo de la afectividad y la autoestima en una persona con Discapacidad Intelectual y Síndrome Alcohólico Fetal (SAF)	- Points out, furthermore, that there should be a greater empowerment of the educational establishment in repeating these artistic experiences and permanently offering instances of interdisciplinary work for the implementation of an educational project based on training tools through the Visual Arts and in attention to the Intellectual disability. .
Ander, E.; Thomson, L.; Lanceley, A.; Menon, U.; Noble, G.	Heritage, Health and Wellbeing: Assessing the impact of a heritage focused intervention on health and wellbeing.	In conclusion, closer links between heritage and social care organizations, such as hospitals or care homes, offers significant mutualistic benefits and should not be underestimated..
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	On a personal level these touch peoples confidence, creative and transferable skills and human growth, as well as their social lives through friendships, involvement in the community and enjoyment. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Arts projects can strengthen peoples commitment to places and their engagement in tackling problems, especially in the context of urban regeneration. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	Heritage activities thus increase a net willingness to cooperate through the creation of stronger group identities and confidence. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	The arts have a particular role to play in: encouraging people into training and employment; supporting volunteers and participants in personal development; improving the image of an area; social cohesion and active citizenship; local people recognizing their own cultural identity; and improving the quality of peoples lives through individual and collective creativity. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	The community social value is an area of collective impact raised by cultural activities that concern the promotion of social contact, interaction and social inclusion, enhancement of the sense of community identity, development of the ability to cooperate on a social issue, to civic engage and to build social capital. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Summing up, engagement in artistic practices provides opportunities not only for exploring community values, which helps to reinforce the community value systems and the sense of place, but also for meeting other groups and their value systems, which encourages cohesion and the development of partnerships. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	It is this form of social capital that is theorized to be particularly valuable to communities because it not only connects individuals but also leads them to work together for their community (Polson et al. 2013:761). .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	For example, volunteering in a project or supporting a cultural venue means coming together regularly with others and working for the same institutional objectives, which can increase trust, promote tolerance for cultural diversity and generate networks. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Thus social interaction and opportunities for celebrating (expressing) territorys heritage, while engaging in attractive and informal learning experiences, are drivers brought by these programmes, which induce more community oriented common grounds and value systems. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Also the cultural professionals would profit from the connections established with the local population while performing close to the community in public spaces, by continuing to implement active connections with the public, which boosts community building, as explained earlier. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Indeed, as discussed in the chain of community-level social impacts, culture and the arts are capable of connecting people in way that can build the social capital necessary to forge a sense of community and induce civic involvement. .
Montalto, V., ; Campagna, D., ; Caperna, G.,	Does Culture Make a Better Citizen? Exploring the Relationship Between Cultural and Civic Participation in Italy	It is particularly worth noticing that at higher levels of civic participation, cultural participation has a positive and strong effect on civic engagement of people having a low educational level..
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	Bonding social capital was positively associated with overall life satisfaction. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	In addition, popular culture participation via online platforms had a positive effect on perceived social support. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	Opportunities for attending cultural events can provide college students with a way to connect with others, which may in turn have a positive contribution to perceived well-being. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	Yet, the underlying mechanisms that link cultural participation and communicative involvement in ones social networks with positive outcomes may be valid in general adult population. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Measuring changes in subjective well‑being from engagement in the arts, culture and sport	The ANCOVA and change score analysis finds positive changes in (1) life satisfaction from increased engagement in arts events, historical sites and museums, (2) leisure satisfaction from arts activities and events, (3) health satisfaction from arts events and historical sites, and (4) benefits to well-being measures from increased participation in sport, especially that which involves more active engagement. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	We contend not only that these intrinsic effects are satisfying in themselves, but that many of them can lead to the development of individual capacities and community cohesiveness that are of benefit to the public sphere. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	We even suggest that these effects are instrumental in that they can open people to life and create the fabric of shared values and meanings that improves the public sphere. .
Delanaey, L., ; Keaney, E.,	Cultural Participation, Social Capital and Civil Renewal in the United Kingdom: Statistical Evidence from National and International Survey Data.	This suggests that there is a prima facia case that the cultural sector has an important role to play in improving the relationship between citizens and the state as well as in building stronger communities, with greater levels of social trust and more involved citizens. .
Hill Strategies , R.,	Social Effects of the Arts: Exploratory Statistical Evidence.	Donations to cultural organizations can enhance opportunities for social interaction. .
Jeannotte, M., S.	Singing alone? The contribution of cultural capital to social cohesion and sustainable communities	First, arts participation was found to have a positive effect on social cohesion by bringing people together (particularly young and old), encouraging partnerships, promoting intercultural understanding, reducing fear of crime and promoting neighborhood security. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	It was based on a residency program aimed to support the artists and their producers, while nourishing their artistic processes thanks to the interaction with local communities. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	All in all, I am very grateful for the opportunity to participate in such programs which bring social benefit, develop the audiences taste and understanding of the content. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	In this way, each partner can contribute to the creation of the event, that also becomes an opportunity to strengthen the relations inside the network. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	That some members of the community can help their favourite place or event by offering this service is not only civic engagement, but also a way to feel part of the project. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The participants find that working together across such a broad age group is in itself supportive. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	In this case, desirable results would be ideally building stronger and more meaningful relationships with the community, generating a sense of belonging with the artistic environment and promoting awareness, responsibility and active citizenship. .
Richards, G., ; Wilson , J.,	Social Capital, Cultural Festivals and Tourism in Catalunya	One of the most important indicators of the resilience of local communities is the level of social capital present in the host population, which is important in creating social cohesion and in ensuring a more even distribution of the benefits of tourism. .
Richards, G., ; Wilson , J.,	Social Capital, Cultural Festivals and Tourism in Catalunya	The research suggests that developing social capital may be one means of developing a more positive relationship between tourism and culture. .
Richards, G., ; Wilson , J.,	Social Capital, Cultural Festivals and Tourism in Catalunya	Conclusion The basic conclusion of the research presented here is that social capital has an important role to play in making local cultural practices resilient to the impact of tourism, and also in creating positive relationships between locals and visitors. .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	Higher cognitive well-being and more positive affects reinforce residents' support for tourism. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	On the other hand, it is attractive to many precisely because it is inclusive and potentially engages a more diverse and powerful set of stakeholders in making sure a community has what it needs to be culturally vital. .
Beeksma, A., ; Chiara , D., C.	Participatory heritage in a gentrifying neighbourhood: Amsterdam’s Van Eesteren Museum as affective space of negotiations	For all of them though, volunteering for the museum is a profoundly meaningful experience that gives people a sense of empowerment by enabling them to contribute to their living environment and their own self-improvement. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	This biodiversity should engage different people in cultural consumption and participation and, in a best-case scenario, develop new interactions and connections, potentially having a positive impact on the venues reputation, through quality work and positive audience experience. .
Blessi, G.T., ; Tremblay , D., G.; Sandri, M., ; Pilati, T.,	New trajectories in urban regeneration processes: Cultural capital as source of human and social capital accumulation – Evidence from the case of Tohu in Montreal	Our results highlight the fact that the strong focus on an organizations bond with the local population can have positive effects on its integration in the community and on its role as a leverage for local socio-economic development. .
Gainza, X.,	Culture‑led neighbourhood transformations beyond the revitalisation/gentrification dichotomy.	Lastly, the agglomeration of cultural assets may have positive impacts on the social capital by spurring civic engagement and community building processes (Stern and Seifert, 2010). .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Participants believe that the project was particularly valuable in generating a climate for mutual co-operation between the local government council and the residents. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	The participants believe the experience of coming together to contribute to creating a community facility, brought residents out to meet each other and provided them with something in common to focus on. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Many community-based arts projects generate high levels of participation in artistic workshops and performance, or as audiences, volunteers and local sponsors, positively affecting participants and the wider community in favour of the arts. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	The collaborative production of art is central to expressing community culture, developing human and social capital, building and re-building communities, and transforming minds, organisations and society. .
Thomson, L. J.; Lockyer, B.; Camic, P. M.; Chatterjee, H. J.	Effects of a museum-based social prescription intervention on quantitative measures of psychological wellbeing in older adults	The reported study contributes to a wider body of evidence on how cultural engagement can bring about positive outcomes for older adults at risk of social exclusion by improving positive emotion; it is likely that this occurs through creative processes involving new learning and acquisition of skills, and the formation of social capital through co-productivity, exchange of ideas, and enhanced sense of community and belonging. .
Morse, N.; Thomson, L.J.M.; Brown, Z.; Chatterjee, H.J.	Effects of creative museum outreach sessions on measures of confidence, sociability and well-being for mental health and addiction recovery service-users	The assetbased model focuses on connecting communities and people as a way to bolster community and individual health and well-being. .
Hacking, S.; Secker, J.; Spandler, H.; Kent, L.; Shenton, J.	Evaluating the impact of participatory art projects for people with mental health needs.	There is a conviction in practice and policy that participation in community art projects will help people with mental health problems gain wider social networks, understand and deal with their mental health issues better and gain confidence and self-esteem. .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	In addition, informants felt that arts and cultural activities could improve communication between staff and patients by building and strengthening relationships. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	In addition, the revitalized heritage buildings can help people continue their daily social lives. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	In contrast, mutual trust between community members could be developed through a heritage conservation regime. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	In addition, better accessibility to heritage buildings could elicit better public participation. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Subjective well-being and engagement in arts, culture and sport.	These include learning benefits generated through engagement in the arts, increased community cohesion and potential health benefits (i.e. application of the arts in the treatment of depression, and mental/physical benefits of sport and recreational fitness). .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	The pursuit of successful community economic development and archival public programming initiatives both rely upon community engagement. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	City involvement in recreation, leisure and arts could be used to strengthen existing partnerships between community groups. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Particularly in small communities with limited resources it is useful for community organizations to work together on development projects because each organization participating in the initiative can contribute resources and knowledge14 Archives and archivists can potentially contribute to multi-organizational development projects by using their holdings and knowledge to support community initiatives in a variety of areas, such as culture, education, history, and social justice. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	One of the greatest benefits of a community archival institution is that it can support archival and records management initiatives within a community for the benefit of local people and organizations. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Cultures role in strengthening links between people and increasing social capital is what matters in such communities rather than direct economic impact. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Cultural districts thus have a positive role in supporting communities and several make building social capital a priority focus. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	However, given their potential for generating social benefits beyond purely commercial success as well as their strategic importance to the health of a city and regions creative economy, nurturing neighborhood cultural clusters is a strategy that deserves the attention of government, philanthropy, and the private sector..
Walmsley, B.,	Deep hanging out in the arts: an anthropological approach to capturing cultural value	In our fieldwork, arts venues and organisations emerged as nodes in a cultural hub, which at their best can bring people together and allow them to practise their individual and collective wellbeing. .
Badham, M.,	Cultural Indicators: Tools for Community Engagement?	Community Indicators: Measuring Wellbeing While frameworks of indicators are useful tools to promote government responsiveness, perhaps biggest potential for progress is through community engagement. .
Kubey, K.,	Design for Impact: Measuring Architecture's Social Value in the United States.	Describing the ways that excellence appears in the public spaces built through the programme, she says the spaces welcome and engage local history and culture, create a sense of community stewardship, provide vital resources, convey character and identity, lift the spirit and foster pride, support diverse activities, provide opportunities for social exchange, encourage access, activity and movement, and support a sustainable, resilient, and healthy City for all. .
Jancovich, L., ; Bianchini, F.,	Problematising participation	The partnership nature of the projects also provides an opportunity for the cultural sector to not only improve access to the arts in areas characterised by high levels of social, economic and cultural exclusion, but also to contribute to broader policy agendas, in relation to increasing civic engagement, social diversity and improving health and well-being. .
Horgan D., Dimitrijević B.	Frameworks for citizens participation in planning: From conversational to smart tools	As a way to build common bonds and understanding between citizens and groups, health and well-being are a powerful proxy. .
Kochergina E.	Urban Planning Aspects of Museum Quarters as an Architectural Medium for Creative Cities	One of the most intensively growing field-creative industry-provided cities with numerous cultural clusters, which boosted urban economic development and social cohesion. .
Kosk K.	Social Participation in Residential Architecture as an Instrument for Transforming Both the Architecture and the People Who Participate in It	The author hypothesizes that social participation in the design of residential architecture has a positive impact both on the architecture and on the relations between people who are involved in the creation of such an architecture. .
Villanueva C.M.S.	Transformations of Urban Space in Community and Pedestrian Wellbeing	The ultimate goal of a resilient society is the wellbeing of its community. .
Venerandi A., Quattrone G., Capra L.	City form and well-being: What makes London neighborhoods good places to live?	A dense urban environment can also enhance social interactions which might foster sense of belonging and perceived safety thus positively affecting the psychological well-being of a person. .
Cantillon Z., Baker S.	DIY Heritage Institutions as Third Places: Caring, Community and Wellbeing Among Volunteers at the Australian Jazz Museum	As such, on an individual level, engagement with third places can have positive effects on wellbeing by providing support networks and raising the spirits of participants, warding off stress, loneliness, and isolation (Oldenburg, 1999; Rosenbaum, 2006). .
Cantillon Z., Baker S.	DIY Heritage Institutions as Third Places: Caring, Community and Wellbeing Among Volunteers at the Australian Jazz Museum	What keeps volunteers coming to the museum regularly, then, is not only the important heritage work that they do, but the convivial, warm atmosphere of the place. .
Cantillon Z., Baker S.	DIY Heritage Institutions as Third Places: Caring, Community and Wellbeing Among Volunteers at the Australian Jazz Museum	By creating opportunities for volunteers and visitors to chat, laugh, and help each other out, DIY heritage institutions can serve vital roles in the lives of individual volunteers and in the broader community. .
Cantillon Z., Baker S.	DIY Heritage Institutions as Third Places: Caring, Community and Wellbeing Among Volunteers at the Australian Jazz Museum	In these institutions, the benefits of serious leisure extend far beyond cultural and heritage dimensions, working to enhance the overall wellbeing of those who engage with them..
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	Results: The classes enhanced well-being by improving mood and providing a sense of belonging. .
la Cour K., Josephsson S., Luborsky M.	Creating connections of life during life-threatening illness: Creative activity experienced by elderly people and occupational therapists	This combination highlights not only the collaborative foundation for establishing a generous environment, but also the dynamics between participants necessary for the creation of connections to everyday life. .
Hsu K.-W., Lin M.-L., Chao J.-C., Huang S.-F.	Constructing an evaluation framework for eco-museum operations-management performance, based on the case of Jhushan, Taiwan	The creation and operation of eco-museums must also be based on community empowerment, as when residents conserve and promote their culture together, this indirect promotion and reinforcement of localities positive images can enhance such museums overall development and operation. .
Caswell M., Migoni A.A., Geraci N., Cifor M.	‘To Be Able to Imagine Otherwise’: community archives and the importance of representation	As this quote illustrates, our respondents thought community archives promote a sense of social cohesion among community members that benefits society as a whole. .
Martins J.C.	Tangible cultural heritage re-appropriation towards a new urban centrality. A critical crossroad in semi-peripheral eastern riverside lisbon	Public-owned libraries are having a positive effect on socially impoverished communities, promoting knowledge and creativity, new social and cultural gathering areas for the community, raising an awareness of local problems and solutions. .
Liu Y.-D.	Event and sustainable culture-led regeneration: Lessons from the 2008 European Capital of Culture, Liverpool	In general, hosting the ECOC events gives a city an opportunity for social, cultural and economic regeneration, and has a generally positive impact on the city as a whole 16 . .
Liu Y.-D.	Event and sustainable culture-led regeneration: Lessons from the 2008 European Capital of Culture, Liverpool	In addition to providing impetus for physical regeneration and economic development, culture was seen as an effective way to engage people in the urban renewal process. .
Liu Y.-D.	Event and sustainable culture-led regeneration: Lessons from the 2008 European Capital of Culture, Liverpool	In addition, the ECOC status helped to promote greater cooperation and stronger partnerships among organisations, thereby stimulating more effective multi-agency approach in the long run. .
Cerreta M., Daldanise G., Sposito S.	Culture-led regeneration for urban spaces Monitoring complex values networks in action	The direct participation in the process and the active involvement of the users allow producing new interests and stimulating new energies: new bonds are formed between the different decision-making actors, who recognize in collaboration and cooperation the concrete opportunity to improve their own wellbeing and that of community. .
Shaw K.	Y21: Culture-led regeneration in twenty-first century UK city regions	These policies and resultant projects sought to humanise the architectural landscape of communities, making people feel invested in and connected to the buildings around them. .
Carnegie A., Norris M.	Strengthening communities, building capacity, combating stigma: exploring the potential of culture-led social housing regeneration	Rather its benefits were primarily social it helped to combat stigmatisation, build local capacity and improve community cohesion. .
Comunian R., Mould O.	The weakest link: Creative industries, flagship cultural projects and regeneration	Usually the positive outcomes of cultural regeneration are highlighted in reference to community cohesion and social improvements, but very often the economic impact is also promoted. .
Ozden P.	Culture-led regeneration projects in post-industrial areas: The Istanbul experience	The direct participation in the process and the active involvement of the users allow producing new interests and stimulating new energies: new bonds are formed between the different decision-making actors, who recognize in collaboration and cooperation the concrete opportunity to improve their own wellbeing and that of community. .
Ritchie A., Gaulter A.	Dancing towards belonging: the use of a dance intervention to influence migrant pupils’ sense of belonging in school	Part of the enjoyment of the dance sessions arose from the meaningful and positive connections that were facilitated. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	Therefore, active engagement in socio-cultural performing arts practices, such as music and dance, have the potential to enhance, improve, and maintain wellbeing, with likely impact on the quality of health experienced by individuals and social groups. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	It seems to provide a safe context for social engagement and building communities, which crucially enables participants to construct and maintain their own wellbeing and health in a range of ways: cognitive function, physical health, stress reduction, self-perception and mental health. .
Núñez S.	Medicinal drumming: An ancient and modern day healing approach	In general, this model serves to reduce stress and create a sense of community between participants. .
Lenstra N.	Movement-based programs in U.S. and Canadian public libraries: Evidence of impacts from an exploratory survey	Results show that these programs tend to bring new users into libraries, contribute to community building as well as to health and wellness. .
Higgs G., Jones S., Langford M., Heley J.	Assessing the impacts of changing public service provision on geographical accessibility: An examination of public library provision in Pembrokeshire, South Wales	Public libraries make an important contribution to the wellbeing of local people often acting as community hubs by reducing the isolation felt by vulnerable members of society through promoting social interaction and supporting the wider needs of local communities. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	Such engagement can increase the self-confidence and morale of older people and provide opportunities for increased social connections, leading to higher levels of social cohesion. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	There are also social gains from creativity programmes linked to solidarity, social connectedness and social capital. .
Thomson L.J., Morse N., Elsden E., Chatterjee H.J.	Art, nature and mental health: assessing the biopsychosocial effects of a ‘creative green prescription’ museum programme involving horticulture, artmaking and collections	Self-esteem was derived through social interactions around group activities outdoors where participants would help and support one another in activities (e.g. helping someone to dig), as well as supporting each other through informal, social discussion around the activities, both giving participants a sense of purpose. .
Thomson L.J., Morse N., Elsden E., Chatterjee H.J.	Art, nature and mental health: assessing the biopsychosocial effects of a ‘creative green prescription’ museum programme involving horticulture, artmaking and collections	Each of these interacted to form the collective experience of the intervention; the sense of community supported a decrease in social isolation while self-esteem was boosted through social interaction. .
Tymoszuk U., Perkins R., Fancourt D., Williamon A.	Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between receptive arts engagement and loneliness among older adults	These venues provide social spaces and opportunities to engage with the arts and leisure activities, and could be utilised as assets to help reduce loneliness within communities. .
Koebner I.J., Fishman S.M., Paterniti D., Sommer D., Witt C.M., Ward D., Joseph J.G.	The art of analgesia: A pilot study of art museum tours to decrease pain and social disconnection among individuals with chronic pain	Among interviewees who indicated a beneficial response to the intervention, several noted that it also raised awareness that social connection could mitigate the burden of their chronic pain in the longer term. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	Communities and institutions can be a support in this process by establishing social networks and different sorts of social support that can encourage people through difficult transitions and periods of vulnerability in life. .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	These components operated within a context that was enriched by the museum as a place to support wellbeing and enhance social interaction. .
Roe B., McCormick S., Lucas T., Gallagher W., Winn A., Elkin S.	Coffee, Cake & Culture: Evaluation of an art for health programme for older people in the community	The findings demonstrate there were benefits to the older people and their care staff in terms of wellbeing, social engagement, learning, social inclusion and creativity. .
Roe B., McCormick S., Lucas T., Gallagher W., Winn A., Elkin S.	Coffee, Cake & Culture: Evaluation of an art for health programme for older people in the community	The overall aim or goal of the programme was to promote wellbeing for older people living in residential care in the community through cultural and creative arts activities by engaging with gallery/museum exhibitions and collections. .
Paddon H.L., Thomson L.J.M., Menon U., Lanceley A.E., Chatterjee H.J.	Mixed methods evaluation of well-being benefits derived from a heritage-in-health intervention with hospital patients	Conclusions: Heritage-in-health sessions enhanced positive mood and social interaction, endorsing the need for provision of well-being-related museum and gallery activities for socially excluded or vulnerable healthcare audiences. .
Ander E.E., Thomson L.J.M., Blair K., Noble G., Menon U., Lanceley A., Chatterjee H.J.	Using museum objects to improve wellbeing in mental health service users and neurological rehabilitation clients	Many wellbeing outcomes derived from increased levels of conversation, and from improved social skills developed through discussion about museum objects. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	In literature, social impacts of heritage on community relate to three areas of impact: greater interaction between people, that hence the strengthening of social capital; a deeper sense of collective identity, linked to sense of place; enhanced levels of awareness and understanding between particular groups, with a positive effect on community cohesion (HLF 2015). .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	From the regeneration of relations between community and built environment it is possible to activate new virtuous development processes, linked to symbiosis between people/place and synergies between people. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	While they feed material culture, enhancing planning and designing capacity of local community and putting in relation old place and new technologies, they contribute to regenerating social capital, nurturing both bonding and social capital and building bracing capital. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	As it contributes to rediscovering the sense of belonging and in turn to re-activating the bond between people and place, this kind of tourism is able to produce circular relationships with local community. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	This scenario does not contrast with tourism, but rather it contributes to develop integrated economic activity and to improve the relationships of tourists and local people. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	Through engagement in shared experiences leading to increased communication and interaction, participatory arts facilitated social connectedness between residents, and changed the relationship dynamics between older people and care staff, thus promoting reciprocity. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	Arts also facilitated interactions and enhanced social capital, helping to strengthen existing relationships and build new ones. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	Our findings show that participatory arts promoted social connectedness through facilitating collective enjoyment, supporting and encouraging others, developing a sense of camaraderie and community and strengthening friendships. .
Waddington-Jones C., King A., Burnard P.	Exploring wellbeing and creativity through collaborative composition as part of hull 2017 city of culture	For older adults, collaborative composition has much to offer as an activity encouraging social interaction with others with shared interests, increasing positive affect, and enhancing self-esteem. .
Waddington-Jones C., King A., Burnard P.	Exploring wellbeing and creativity through collaborative composition as part of hull 2017 city of culture	For older adults, collaborative composition has much to offer as an activity encouraging social interaction with others with shared interests, increasing positive affect, and enhancing self-esteem. .
Curtis A., Gibson L., O’Brien M., Roe B.	Systematic review of the impact of arts for health activities on health, wellbeing and quality of life of older people living in care homes	Research suggests residents can maintain quality of life, health and wellbeing by participation in arts-based activities. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Researchers found that health and longevity are substantially better among people who have more friends and are more involved in social and community life. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	At a broader level, strong social relationships and a sense of connectedness and participation in communities have been shown to have a profound impact on health, and consistent evidence indicates that a sense of connectedness is protective of mental and emotional well-being. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The notion of connectedness between human beings, their physical and social environment, and their health, has emerged as an important feature of health promotion and the building and strengthening of human capital, social capital, and, to a lesser extent, cultural capital. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	It was also possible that the group sessions would provide support and an element of fun and thereby improve quality of life. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	This broader research project has a strong health dimension, given that participation in the arts and cultural sector has been shown to not only result in economic benefits for regions but also assist in building resilient communities and improving physical, mental and social wellbeing (Allain 2011). .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The importance of such considerations, and the fostering of such bonds within a community, has been shown to contribute to the health of Indigenous and non-Indigenous people (AFN 2013). .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Furthermore, the strengthening of cross-cultural relations may increase social participation and integration within the community, which can have a positive impact on community health and well-being outcomes (Schulz and Northridge 2004). .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The findings highlight how arts-based activities can be a catalyst for positive cross-cultural relationships between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people residing in remote regions within Australia, and this may lay the foundation for positive community health and well-being outcomes. .
Gillam T.	Enhancing public mental health and wellbeing through creative arts participation	Since these activities enhance connectedness and improve hope they also support recovery. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	Getting involved in organising provided the benefit of self-efficacy and positive feelings about helping others. .
Pearce E., Launay J., Machin A., Dunbar R.I.M.	Is Group Singing Special? Health, Well-Being and Social Bonds in Community-Based Adult Education Classes	In turn, this implies that some of the health well-being benefits of community adult education classes in general may lie in the opportunities they provide for social engagement with a wider social network. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	The paper demonstrates how the contribution of community archaeology in soft power change has assisted personal and community empowerment through inclusive cultural heritage on an individual level while strengthening social networks to mobilise the impact on the community as a whole. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	When communities are engaged with cultural activity, or, in this case, a heritage formation process through an archaeological project, this can help to increase communication and social skills. .
Guachalla A.	Social inclusion and audience development at the Royal Opera House: a tourist perspective	(2010) notions on social inclusion in a tourism context have been identified as tourists benefit from audience development schemes that enhance their cultural capital strengthening their social bonds and fostering social capital. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	For example, they can create mutually supportive atmospheres that can tackle social isolation and enhance people's quality of life and social wellbeing. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	Bringing people together Secondly, we were interested in the extent to which the social aspects of community-based heritage research were important in sustaining people's interest in the projects. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	The findings revealed a rich array of examples of gaining social wellbeing through interacting with others with shared interests. .
Bernard M., Rickett M., Pruchno R.	The cultural value of older peoples experiences of theater-making: A review	Their value and benefits lie in increased trust, improved communication and understanding, and the production of a sense of togetherness among participants which, in turn, helps to combat social exclusion. .
Hambright-Belue S., Holland M.J.	Social impact through design: Experiments in urban agriculture	The intention was also to allow everyone to grow through shared activities while also enhancing a social bond across all three communities, and encouraging overall healthier and more active lifestyles. .
Hambright-Belue S., Holland M.J.	Social impact through design: Experiments in urban agriculture	This also benefited the non-profit as it built a degree of trust and familiarity and community buy in that is required for a successful endeavor. .
Pavluković V., Stankov U., Arsenović D.	Social impacts of music festivals: A comparative study of sziget (Hungary) and exit (Serbia) Družbeni vplivi glasbenih festivalov: Primerjalna študija festivalov sziget na Madžarskem in exit v Srbiji	The social benefits factor comprised items relating to community image, identity, wellbeing, experiencing new things, opportunities to develop new skills. .
Sextou P., Smith C.	Drama is for Life! Recreational Drama Activities for the Elderly in the UK	It indicates a growing sense of belonging in a safe, non-judgmental, respectful social environment where enjoyable and creative activities happen and people feel strongly as members of a community. .
Maritz G.U., Coetzee M.-H.	Creative synergy: Using community theatre and appreciative inquiry for young peoples critical participation in HIV prevention and education	This is done by highlighting the life-giving forces (the positive contributions, events or structures that are celebrated and contribute to a sense of well-being in the community) of the organisation (the community) that may produce a heightened sense of purpose and ultimately contribute to improved communication and understanding of how change is possible within current community realities. .
Moore R.C., Straus E., Dev S.I., Parish S.M., Sueko S., Eyler L.T.	Development and pilot randomized control trial of a drama program to enhance well-being among older adults	Therefore, studies focused on increasing social connectedness among older adults are likely to have a positive impact on quality of life and well-being. .
Brown J.L., MacDonald R., Mitchell R.	Are People Who Participate in Cultural Activities More Satisfied with Life?	The promotion of heritage recreation and other activities which are active and promote social interaction should be considered in programmes aimed at improving the quality of life..
Newman A., Goulding A., Davenport B., Windle G.	The role of the visual arts in the resilience of people living with dementia in care homes	A more equal relationship between residents and carers was apparent at the celebration event, supporting the personhood and so resilience of participants. .
Wyatt M., Liggett S.	The Potential of Painting: Unlocking Disenfranchised Grief for People Living With Dementia	Our lives are improved by having a network of social connections, for example, art groups, clubs, and associations which are of benefit in times of need (Thompson & Doka, 2017). .
Nielsen S.L., Fich L.B., Roesslerb K.K., Mullins M.F.	How do patients actually experience and use art in hospitals? The significance of interaction: A user-oriented experimental case study	Thus, the artworks in the present case promoted socialisation and atmosphere, engendering a mood of togetherness, ease and relatedness. .
Kabel A., Teti M., Zhang N.	The art of resilience: photo-stories of inspiration and strength among people with HIV/AIDS	Their value and benefits lie in increased trust, improved communication and understanding, and the production of a sense of togetherness among participants which, in turn, helps to combat social exclusion. .
Goulding A.	How can contemporary art contribute toward the development of social and cultural capital for people aged 64 and older	Developing bonding, bridging, and linking social capital and cultural capital through engagement with the arts may have implications for health, particularly among this demographic. .
Sarah Kate Smith,Anthea Innes, Sophie Bushell	Exploring the impact of live music performances on the wellbeing of community dwelling people living with dementia and their care partners	Music based initiatives can enhance the wellbeing of people dementia care partners. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	But they recognised the need for community development and environmental projects, including public art. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	The waymarkers give people information about the local facilities available and encourage people to explore the environment around the trail. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	A mural as catalyst to community empowerment The mural project became a focal point for discussion about local environmental and recreation issues, and eventually a catalyst for community awareness raising. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Ecological consciousness is also linked to environmental consciousness which turns peoples attention to the way they occupy space and shelter, consume food and oxygen, shape the natural environment by their activities & production The social: Awareness at this focus point of consciousness turns peoples attention to the way they are located in and affected by existing social relationships and how they create and engage in new ones. .
Landry, C., ; Bianchini, F.,	The Creative City	Greening the city There are an increasing number of greening initiatives in cities all over the world, concerned with cycling and recycling, pollution control, energy saving, environmental auditing, bringing nature into the city and raising awareness. .
Landry, C., ; Bianchini, F.,	The Creative City	As you walk around there are all kinds of ecological messages about the city and its newly built cycleways -this signals its environmental friendliness. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	The most basic step involved in environmentally friendly growth is making citizens aware of environmental issues and demonstrating how these issues can be addressed by the average citizen. .
Walmsley, B.,	Deep hanging out in the arts: an anthropological approach to capturing cultural value	By taking a more ecological perspective, arts organisations could assist their audiences to navigate their individual and collective arts ecologies more meaningfully. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	In recent years, environmental sustainability has become a matter of interest in cultural policymaking. .
Filippi F.D., Cocina G.G., Martinuzzi C.	Integrating different data sources to address urban security in informal areas. The case study of Kibera, Nairobi	The research suggests some environmental factors that should be taken into consideration, while developing safer public spaces. .
Makhzoumi J., Al-Sabbagh S.	Landscape and urban governance: Participatory planning of the public realm in Saida, Lebanon	The environmental health and ecological integrity of these features was a key to the landscape analysis. .
Widodo J., Wong Y.C., Ismail F.	DIGITAL HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE METHODOLOGY for HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT of SINGAPORE	The implementation of such a model serves to create greater public awareness among the people of some significant heritage architecture around the city and encourage experts to think of efforts to treat the environment which is historically significant to the public. .
Kumari G., Ratnesh M., Eguruze E.S.	Role of CSR in supporting tribal handicrafts of Jharkhand	This movement is targeted to generate environmental consciousness amongst the community within as well as outside. .
Kelemen M., Hamilton L.	Creative processes of impact making: advancing an American Pragmatist Methodology	Participants stated that they had developed a number of take-home ideas such as being more aware of their own impact on the environment and the importance of empathy for people making their own difficult journeys (observation notes). .
Selman P., Carter C., Lawrence A., Morgan C.	Re-connecting with a recovering river through imaginative engagement	One participant made similar observations, saying that he now pays more attention to his surroundings and that he is more interested in rivers and the role they play in society and has become more interested in local environmental issues; another participant reported becoming more aware of opportunities for participation in my local area and joining a local environmental group. .
Phillips R.	Design insights for socially-led interventions	They are a community, developing and applying opensource tools for environmental exploration and investigation: consisting of activists, educators, technologists, and community organizers interested in new ways of promoting action, intervention, and awareness through participatory research (https://publiclab.org/). .
Ibrahim I.	Socio environmental impact in eco-architecture	The interest of this paper is to focus on the social community and its built environment as an important part of creating ecological design, satisfying the community's social culture needs and achieving eco-architecture. .
Lorenz L.	Addressing diversity in science communication through citizen social science	Thus, examining an array of community issues from an environmental justice lens can help connect seemingly disparate issues while building social capital, coalitions, and solidarity. .
Chowdhury A., Maiti S.K., Bhattacharyya S.	How to communicate climate change ‘impact and solutions’ to vulnerable population of Indian Sundarbans? From theory to practice	Thus the participatory style of awareness campaigns is effective in imparting consciousness about negative impacts of climate change. .
Windle G., Joling K.J., Howson-Griffiths T., Woods B., Jones C.H., Van De Ven P.M., Newman A., Parkinson C.	The impact of a visual arts program on quality of life, communication, and well-being of people living with dementia: A mixed-methods longitudinal investigation	The environment is an important contextual consideration. .
Dunphy, K.; Baker, F. A.; Dumaresq, E.; Carroll-Haskins, K.; Eickholt, J.; Ercole, M.; Kaimal, G.; Meyer, K.; Sajnani, N.; Shamir, O.Y.; Wosch, T.	Creative Arts Interventions to Address Depression in Older Adults: A Systematic Review of Outcomes, Processes, and Mechanisms	Art The choice of art media that is culturally relevant to the participant was repeatedly found to be a key factor of engagement. .
Kaimal, G.; Gonzaga, A., M.; Schwachter, V.	Crafting, health and wellbeing: findings from the survey of public participation in the arts and considerations for art therapists.	Some forms of crafts might serve to connect the individual to the world in a productive and creative way and thus need to be considered as a form of creative self-expression. .
Kaimal, G.; Gonzaga, A., M.; Schwachter, V.	Crafting, health and wellbeing: findings from the survey of public participation in the arts and considerations for art therapists.	As the initial research cited earlier in this report has indicated, there are many positive outcomes that align with art therapy goals including sensory engagement, socialization and opportunities for creative expression. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Knowing the spectrum of participatory art, I know too that at its best it can be empowering and transformative. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	the new artistic ideas empowered artists imaginatively, and changed their relationship with audiences. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	so can the artistic and cultural activity that is central to social discourse. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	one answer is in the recognition that participatory art can be an empowering process. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Many artists believe that people gain confidence through participating in creative activity. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	experiences such as these represent some of the more valuable participatory art work now being made. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	each generation takes ideas and inspiration from its predecessors but each must also create art in ways and for reasons that are meaningful in its own time. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	the ideas and methods of participatory art enable people to share the process of creation in ways they find meaningful. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Personal development Participation in the arts can have a significant impact on peoples self-confidence, and as a result on their social lives. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	In others, the arts work has provided groups with an opportunity to think about their rights and social responsibilities. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Arts projects can nurture local democracy. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Imagination and vision Participating in the arts made a big difference in developing peoples creativity and confidence about the arts. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Building a creative environment The study sees the creativity, openness and elasticity of the arts as the roots of their social impacts. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	This study is intended to make a contribution to that aim by beginning to explore some of the social impacts which result from participation in the arts. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Cultural diversity, of course, exists almost everywhere, and the arts play their part in developing understanding of different cultural groups in the Highlands and Islands. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	It was possible therefore, to look specifically at the contribution of participatory arts programmes to the regeneration process, at least in these areas. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	The pattern of existing and imported heritage is therefore especially complex, and the arts have been a significant force in helping to develop a sense of community. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Others, touching on empowerment and creativity, suggest that social goals might usefully be enlarged by the arts. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Active, engaged citizens What matters so much about participation in the arts is not just that it gives people the personal and practical skills to help themselves and become involved in society though it does but that it opens routes into the wider democratic process and encourages people to want to take part. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Art as activity, process and object, is central to how people experience, understand and then shape the world: Culture is where we live our shared mental lives. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	This report has sought to show that the arts can and do make a valuable contribution to social policy objectives. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	Both an encounter with the arts and a heritage experience are quintessentially social events. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	As such, it too is fostered indirectly by individual encounters with arts and heritage. .
Grossi, E., ; Sacco, P.L., ; Blessi, G.T., ; Cerutti, R.,	The Impact of Culture on the Individual Subjective Well-Being of the Italian Population: An Exploratory Study	We refer to culture as the acquisition of purposefully constructed traits that have to do with intrinsic cultural motivations, that is to say, capabilities and competences that are targeted at a better access and enjoyment of cultural experiences, that is to say, experiences that are explicitly and uniquely designed by someone to expose other individuals to particular statements and trajectories of meaning. .
Grossi, E., ; Sacco, P.L., ; Blessi, G.T., ; Cerutti, R.,	The Impact of Culture on the Individual Subjective Well-Being of the Italian Population: An Exploratory Study	In particular, we believe that acknowledging cultural access as a major determinant of subjective well-being can be conducive to novel, challenging approaches to the design and implementation of public health strategies. .
Grossi, E., ; Sacco, P.L., ; Blessi, G.T., ; Cerutti, R.,	The Impact of Culture on the Individual Subjective Well-Being of the Italian Population: An Exploratory Study	For instance, urban transformation policies should focus upon arts and culture as an engine of individual and social change, that is likely to favor emotionally-based effects such as community engagement and empowerment, whose impact on subjective well-being may be substantial. .
Grossi, E., ; Sacco, P.L., ; Blessi, G.T., ; Buscema, M.,	The Interaction Between Culture, Health and Psychological Well-Being: Data Mining from the Italian Culture and Well-Being Project	In particular, we believe that acknowledging cultural access as a major determinant of subjective well-being can be conducive to novel, challenging approaches to the design and implementation of public health strategies. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	This paper is based on a recent study which shows that the arts have a role in regeneration and at a local level can be used as a tool within a wider community development programme..
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	It also indicates that community arts projects happen in different parts of the world helping people to develop skills and at the same time allowing them to express themselves through participation. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	The subsequent report revealed that arts projects could create a greater understanding of different cultures; more skills in community leadership and management; and a stronger sense of community identity. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	It also encourages partnership between the arts project and the local community who will then have influence on the development of the project. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	Similarly, community involvement is essential in arts-based projects as they tend to focus on the personal development and attitudinal change within communities. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	If we accept that the arts can be an integral part of the regeneration process then they can be an important tool in empowerment. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	Skills are developed, responsibility is taken and through the arts the local culture can be changed. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	Strategic use of the arts within wider regeneration policies It is important that arts projects are an integral part of an overall regeneration policy. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	Active involvement in the development of arts projects can have an effect on all four aspects and can thus assist in the regeneration of an area. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	The arts could have a pivotal role to play in the regenerating of areas of social exclusion. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	Where the arts have a significant role is in changing the culture of an area. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	It is possible that the arts and cultural activity have a role in changing the culture of the area and make it a more creative and vibrant society for young people. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	Conclusions The arts have an important role to play in the regeneration of areas whose residents are disadvantaged economically, socially, culturally, and environmentally. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	The significance and role that the arts can play in regeneration has to be valued by policy makers and practitioners in community development and regeneration. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	The creative energies of local individuals can greatly enhance our culture and encourage more and more people to take an active role in community development. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Therefore, cultural assets, through a system of meanings and symbols, can not only produce and export high value products and experiences, but can also induce a transversal and on-going process of social learning capable of prompting community oriented action and hence be an alternative strategy for the traditional models of growth. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	The anthropological appropriation of culture is connected to the role of culture for sustainable development, where cultural values, contexts and expressions operate as drivers and mediators of growth and where culture is the meaningful content of human societies and communities. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	The emotional interpretation pointed to the ability of arts to amuse, entertain and contribute to happiness. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Yet, the appropriation of culture as a leading player in territory development is determined by the cultural sectors capacity to produce a broad array of extrinsic (instrumental) effects, not only related to economic outcomes but also to other social dimensions raised during the theoretical discussion, such as enjoyment, personal development, civilizing processes and the establishment of community references. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Therefore interest in exploring the social impacts produced by cultural activities was raised. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	E. Cultural inputs and artistic forms that drive the potential effects If attending cultural events and taking part of arts activities can produce benefits It has been shown that attending cultural events and taking part in arts activities can produce benefits on different social dimensions. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	These different forms of interacting with culture and with a specific art form will give rise to different effects. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	The potential human responses that can be triggered with the engagement in a cultural experience are activated and influenced not only by the aesthetic elements transmitted and perceived via the art form (the artistic, visual and symbolic elements), but also by the influences of previous experiences (constitutive of patterns of reaction) and by the particularities of the contexts of engagement (the frame and setting of the experience). .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	A few of the reviewed studies enumerated factors that enhance the arts experience effectiveness on inducing the propagation of the effects: activities which are linked with local community value systems, the flexible and open spirit of the engagement, the ability to boost collaboration and empathy, providing opportunities for expressing feelings and for stimulating imagination, and lastly, the intensity of the experience. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	According to the first segment of impact, arts and culture provide socially valuable leisure activities, elevate people's thinking and contribute positively to their psychological and social well-being and enhance their sensitivity (The European Task Force on Culture and Development 1997). .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	There are different forms of cultural participation, like participating in an artistic activity, appreciating a work of art or volunteering for a cultural venue. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Thus the arts engagement can encourage involvement in the civic life of a community. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Therefore culture can be accomplished as an important strategy for implementing sustainable development policies, by inducing social capital formation. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	These cultural activities offer opportunities for the local population to engage in informal actions in informal public places, which explore the physical environment (physical patrimony) and celebrate their cultural values (immaterial patrimony). .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Enriching the physical environment in a territory is accomplished by implementing urban renewal strategies that develop new infrastructure projects but also invite the public to celebrate their cultural heritage by developing cultural activities that encourage the occupation of public places. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Therefore, developing cultural actions for social transformation not only means offering a diversity of artistic events, but also effectively providing experiences that are sustainable and significant for building a democratic society. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Expression was recognised as a driver for inducing citizenship enhancement, and encompasses opportunities for manifestations of individual and collective identity, and constructions encouraged by leisure and cultural activities in non-formal and informal learning formats. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Therefore, the ability to express our own identity, through leisure and cultural activities is an important driver to enhancing individual critical and civic capacity. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	In this regard, the proposed theoretical framework highlighted culture and the arts can have a strategic function on sustainable community development. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Therefore, it could be useful to encourage spaces for debating culture roles on development among artists for their awareness of culture and the arts capacity for impact the creative community fabric and for convey a system of values. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	In this sense, this study argues that although other type of programmes (like leisure occupations) are also able to stir creativity, spontaneity and induce critical capacity, culture has a particular role in providing opportunities for building a pluralistic and democratic society as it conveys symbolic meanings through its experience. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Therefore, through awareness of the full set of externalities produced by culture and the arts, cultural-based development policies can manage cultural resources accordingly. .
Evans, G.,	Measure for measure: evaluating the evidence of culture’s contribution to regeneration.	The impact of new transport insfrastructure on cultural activity and regeneration has also recognised the importance of access to positive regenerative effects. .
Evans, G.,	Measure for measure: evaluating the evidence of culture’s contribution to regeneration.	Culture-led Regeneration In this model, cultural activity is seen as the catalyst and engine of regenerationepithets of change and movement. .
Evans, G.,	Measure for measure: evaluating the evidence of culture’s contribution to regeneration.	Cultural governance in this sense is another factor which can be assessed and which might offer useful approaches to community engagement in the fraught regeneration process. .
Evans, G.,	Measure for measure: evaluating the evidence of culture’s contribution to regeneration.	There are particular issues in relation to the cultural dimension of regeneration impacts, aside from more subjective aesthetic and artistic considerations. .
Montalto, V., ; Campagna, D., ; Caperna, G.,	Does Culture Make a Better Citizen? Exploring the Relationship Between Cultural and Civic Participation in Italy	In order to address this evidence dilemma, we have explored one specific aspect of the social impact of participation in cultural activities, namely the effect of the cultural participation rate, i.e. frequency of engagement for an individual in a wide range of cultural activities, on civic engagement, i.e. the behaviours and actions that an individual accomplishes to give a positive contribution to the life in the community. .
Montalto, V., ; Campagna, D., ; Caperna, G.,	Does Culture Make a Better Citizen? Exploring the Relationship Between Cultural and Civic Participation in Italy	Our findings therefore suggest that arts and culture are more than leisure-time entertainment activities as they seem to contribute to the socio-cultural inclusion of individuals. .
Montalto, V., ; Campagna, D., ; Caperna, G.,	Does Culture Make a Better Citizen? Exploring the Relationship Between Cultural and Civic Participation in Italy	Ultimately, this analysis highlights the potential of arts participation for promoting active citizenship. .
Montalto, V., ; Tacao Moura, C., J.; Langedijk, S., ; Saisana, M.,	Culture counts: An empirical approach to measure the cultural and creative vitality of European cities.	The role of culture in creating lively cities and communities where people want to live, work and visit is among the central tenants of the creative cities' literature. .
Montalto, V., ; Tacao Moura, C., J.; Langedijk, S., ; Saisana, M.,	Culture counts: An empirical approach to measure the cultural and creative vitality of European cities.	Culture is a key to achieve inclusive development, to strengthen social bonds and cooperation, and to foster creativity and innovation. .
Laaksonen, A.,	Measuring Cultural Exclusion through Participation in Cultural Life.	In advocating cultural rights, the crucial link is the relationship between those rights termed as cultural and other rights such as the right to education and development, and different freedoms in relation to the right to take part in cultural life. .
Laaksonen, A.,	Measuring Cultural Exclusion through Participation in Cultural Life.	Furthermore, cultural policies based on cultural rights enable the art and culture sector to look for concrete implications in the relation between cultural practices and social cohesion and inclusion. .
Laaksonen, A.,	Measuring Cultural Exclusion through Participation in Cultural Life.	Since the Universal Declaration, the right to participate in cultural life has been the subject of further development, and a number of international and national documents on cultural policies have referred to the positive effect of cultural participation on personal development and social cohesion. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	Outside of educational settings, some initial evidence exists on the role of cultural capital in contributing to personal and social well-being. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	Furthermore, an interesting extension for future research would be to examine public spaces and cultural capital. .
Grossi, E.; Blessi, G. T.; Sacco, P.L.	Magic moments: Determinants of stress relief and subjective wellbeing from visiting a cultural heritage site.	The study underlines the potential of the arts and culture as a new platform for public health practices and new approaches to welfare policy design..
Grossi, E.; Blessi, G. T.; Sacco, P.L.	Magic moments: Determinants of stress relief and subjective wellbeing from visiting a cultural heritage site.	Therefore, cultural participation should be regarded as a key structural factor in evaluating the individual and social effects of arts-and-culture-focused health policies..
Konlaan, B. B.; Bygren, L. O.; Johansson, S. E.	Visiting the cinema, concerts, museums or art exhibitions as determinant of survival: a Swedish fourteen-year cohort follow-up.	The aim of this study was to ascertain the possible influence of attending various kinds of cultural events or visiting cultural institutions as a determinant of survival. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Measuring changes in subjective well‑being from engagement in the arts, culture and sport	Our analysis suggests important, but differentiated, positive change in well-being from greater engagement in the arts, culture and sport..
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Measuring changes in subjective well‑being from engagement in the arts, culture and sport	This paper contributes to understanding of the well-being impacts of changes in engagement in leisure activities, encompassing the arts, culture and sport. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Understanding the benefits of the arts is central to the discussion and design of policies affecting the arts. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	One of the key insights from this analysis is that the most important instrumental benefits require sustained involvement in the arts. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Continued involvement develops the competencies that change individual tastes and enrich subsequent arts experience. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The model of the participation process that we developed not only highlights these points, but also suggests how to build involvement in, and therefore demand for, the arts. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Our analysis of how individuals develop a life-long commitment to the arts suggests a variety of ways in which to promote this objective. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Research has shown that early exposure is often key to developing life-long involvement in the arts. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Create circumstances for rewarding arts experiences. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	This insight is a key to understanding the intrinsic effects of arts experiences. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	One way of defining great art is by its continued effect on the public sphere throughout time. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	We will consider this aspect of the aesthetic experience when we discuss how art helps expand individual capacities. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	In this way, art can redefine the culture and influence artistic traditions. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The key aspect of these initial experiences for future arts involvement is that the arts experience itself, rather than simply the social circumstances in which it occurs, engages the participant enough that he or she develops a positive attitude toward the arts and the possibility of future arts involvement. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Indeed, a chief advantage of early exposure to the arts is that it can create more openness to later arts participation. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Once again, the key element of these gateway experiences is that they are positive and condition the individual to consider future arts participation. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Individuals whose preferred mode is appreciation (e.g., attending, listening, reading) expand their knowledge of a particular art form, including both a range of artists and artistic styles. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Those whose preferred mode is doing art (performing and creating) become more skilled in executing the techniques of their preferred art form and in understanding differences in interpretation. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	These characteristics help shape the individuals predilection toward the arts, as well as the appeal that different modes of participation and disciplines will hold for him or her. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Similarly, the salient features of other early arts experiences include the following: (1) the context in which the experiences occure.g..
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The key to the participation cycle is the arts experience. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Once an individual understands how to become engaged in an arts experiencewhat to notice, how to make sense of itthe rewards of the experience are both immediate and cumulative. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Bottom Line Since the key to being able to gain benefits from the arts lies in being brought into a process of recurrent compelling encounters with works of art, we have tried to illuminate both the factors that trigger arts involvement in the first place and the factors that help that arts involvement deepen over time. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Participation in the arts is motivated by intrinsic benefits derived from arts experiences, and it is only through such experiences that a variety of instrumental benefits can be realized. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Individuals pursue continued involvement in the arts if their arts experiences are fully engagingemotionally, cognitively, socially. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Continued involvement develops the competencies that change individual tastes and enrich subsequent arts experiences. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Our approach emphasizes the variety of benefits the arts can provide to individuals and to the public. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Our view that arts benefits are grounded in compelling arts experiences highlights the importance of taking steps to develop the capacity to engage in such experiences. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	And our analysis of how individuals acquire a life-long commitment to the arts suggests a variety of ways to promote this objective. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The goal of public policy should be to bring as many people as possible into engagement with their culture through meaningful experiences of the arts. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Within each of these categories, we identify a series of key concepts that can contribute to an understanding of how the arts can produce social benefits at the community level. .
Hill Strategies , R.,	Social Effects of the Arts: Exploratory Statistical Evidence.	Culture provides a means to be entertained, celebrate commonalities and differences, express individuality, feel a sense of attachment and experience artistic expression. .
Jeannotte, M., S.	Singing alone? The contribution of cultural capital to social cohesion and sustainable communities	In other cases, performance art was used as a vehicle for promoting intercultural contact and understanding, for articulating the special needs of groups such as the disabled, or for preserving and celebrating the traditions of particular ethnocultural groups. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The other social dimension of the participatory turn concerns artistic production. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Many initiatives are emerging today in the form of spectator collectives, citizen commissions for works, and co-creation through artistic and participatory residencies, to give art a new social vocation. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Our aim was to deepen the engagement among artists, cultural organisations and audience, thanks to a methodology that would give audiences real agency and a sense of personal investment in the development of the cultural activities within their context. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	In our vision, we intended to create a context where the active participation of spectators would be emboldened, and the artists creative work would be given potentially useful input. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	On the other hand, the activities done highlighted that culture is partly a testing ground for social development. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Those creative residencies were defined as crucial for the relation among local audiences and for the artists to get in contact with different cultural contexts. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	On the other hand, those creative residencies showing real interest in audience involvement end up with great experiences on both sides (artists and participants). .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	A clear concept, creative participatory strategy, and a certain artistic quality are needed for a project to succeed in Be SpectACTive!.
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	That method proved to be a fundamental tool for artists and a very resourceful way of strengthening the local artistic community. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	That was a positive experience either for our organisation and the artists participating in this programme, as it opened a new way of thinking about artists position and role, and allowed them to think of deeper and longer-term connections for the potential participants of their projects. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Also, this type of participatory project can expand the artistic scope of interest and open new opportunities for artists to rethink their practices whether current or future. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	That is certainly a chance to foster a deeper understanding of artistic processes and, hopefully, to attract a stronger interest for the arts by a wide range of audiences. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Audiences are creating, adapting and manipulating as well as appreciating art and culture. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	For others a more cultured and widely available audience it has become common in this region to offer the opportunity to participate in activities of greater cultural value, including interaction with artists. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	For some directors, its about deepening the artistic experience and understanding the process of enjoying a show. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	First evidences suggest that this can be an effective way of allowing people to discover or rediscover their own creativity and to shape local cultural opportunities to be more reflective. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The importance of offering communities the possibility to participate in art, that not only celebrates their history and heritage but also allows them to engage critically with the real issues facing them, cannot be underestimated. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	It is in the process of transforming how its community engages with values and facilitates cultural activity. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The participation opportunities provided by TakeOver are both meaningful and impactful, encompassing a broad scope of choice for people to actively engage as both artist and social citizen. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	They aim to nurture in their community a deeper appreciation of the arts and to offer various ways in which the community can express the value perceived of the arts around them. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	This reflection concerns in particular participants, whose expectations and potential benefits are determined by the way in which the participative proposal encounters their previous social trajectory more precisely, their level of cultural capital in relation to artistic practices and knowledge. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	When this happens, it can be an opportunity for venues to connect with new social fields and contribute to the diversification of audiences, but also to stimulate innovation and partnerships, enlarging the functions and the connections of an artistic institution. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Creative residencies are also the ideal ground to connect artists with different contexts, scales and practices and to experiment forms and models of active engagement, giving artists the challenge to experiment new creative processes, which can be nourished by the active involvement of participants. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Cultural development The process of enabling cultural activities, including the arts, towards the realisation of a desired future, particularly of a culturally rich and vibrant community (Cultural Development Network, n.d.). .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Moreover, another distinct characteristic of culture that contributes mostly to urban regeneration is the capacity of identity-building. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	The presence of multiculturalism coupled with the emerging identity crisis, generates much of the opportunities for culture-led urban regeneration. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	This aspect of spatial control of culture can be supported by a set of architectural themes (by developing urban areas around a specific theme), as a mechanism of regenerating local identity, by creating new images and visions -perceived or real- of the public realm. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	4. The impact of architecture: the value to culture-led urban regeneration A distinct element of culture-led urban regeneration strategies is the degree of dependence upon aesthetics. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Furthermore, support for culture is believed to be important for the development of creativity and innovation in professional life. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	By translating it into a specifically cultural policy-making, stimulating cultural events are related both to the tradition of the area, and with their transforming potential (town and neighborhood renewal, social inclusion and community cohesion, etc.). .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	As attended in the literature review section, in culture-led urban regeneration schemes, especially the ones within ECOC programme which focuses mainly on cultural implications and benefits, assessment of the impact of culture on urban regeneration gains particular importance. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Among these the impact areas concerning the cultural system within case study area; cultural access and participation; image, identity and sense of place; and philosophy and management of the project process are considered to be of high expectation whereas the impact areas of physical infrastructure and sustainability, and economic impacts and processes are also expected to be regarded. .
Belfiore, E., ; Bennett, O.,	Rethinking the Social Impacts of the Arts	The understanding thus gained will contribute to a better grasp of what the role of the arts is in todays society, and help us towards the elaboration of their importance beyond narrowly conceived ideas of performance measurement and target setting. .
Belfiore, E., ; Bennett, O.,	Beyond the “Toolkit Approach”: Arts Impact Evaluation Research and the Realities of Cultural Policy‐Making	In particular, the article attempts to highlight the contribution that cultural policy scholars working within the humanities could make to this area of policy research..
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	Active participation in the arts leads, in addition, to improved self-concept and sense of control over ones life. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	Illustrative examples drawn from such sources can also help to raise awareness of the different ways in which cultural activity can be used in regeneration projects. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	Some of the more recent literature includes reference to cultural impact which, with its emphasis on cultural values such as sustainability, cultural preservation, cultural diversity, autonomy, creativity, solidarity and cultural rights, has a close connection with both the individual and community dimensions of social regeneration. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	In considering these case studies it is important to recognise that the impact of an activity is determined not only by the role that culture is playing in a regeneration project, but also by the way in which that role is planned for and implemented. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	Cultural activity and projects can play a key role in community consultation, animation and empowerment in the fraught development process. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	4. The nature of cultural projects which feature in regeneration may also need to be assessed more rigorously in terms of the impacts they produce, i.e. it is not only the opportunity cost between cultural and non-cultural investment in regeneration, but between which culture and where, best serves the regeneration and community objectives. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	This might produce a design quality tool adapted for cultural projects, incorporating cultural, regenerative, as well as design factors..
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Specifically, they define cultural vitality as evidence of creating, disseminating, validating, and supporting arts and culture as a dimension of everyday life in communities. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Specifically, we define cultural vitality as evidence of creating, disseminating, validating, and supporting arts and culture as a dimension of everyday life in communities. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Several types of participation that are particularly important to sustaining and increasing cultural vitality in a community surfaced in our research. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	We also found that a high incidence of artists in one place is another strong indicator of that locations cultural vitality and provides one measure or indicator of the level of support available for important aspects of artistic endeavor. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	For example, it enables urban designers and planners to give more consideration to ensuring that communities have community/cultural centers, including facilities for the practice of art, that make possible a wide range of arts engagement. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	And it enables community members to learn more about the range of cultural activity in their communities and where arts-related investments might best be made. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	This surge in indicator initiatives and related efforts to improve and expand the issues they report on provide a window of opportunity for the further integration of arts and culture into indicator systems. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	The Institutes Arts and Culture Indicators Project (ACIP), with its pioneering research, has deepened our understanding of the impact of arts and culture on community revitalization. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Taken together, this body of work has deepened our understanding of the role culture can play in building vibrant urban communities. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Lastly, our research points to the significance of the design of public and other spaces where arts and cultural activity can and do take place. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Further, in the context of understanding arts and cultural participation as a catalyst for or example of social capital, opportunities for collective art making and the collective experience of arts has emerged as very significant. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	For example, in designing communities or neighborhoods, urban designers and urban planners subscribing to the cultural vitality concept can give more consideration to ensuring that neighborhoods have community centers or cultural centers that make possible a wide range of engagementincluding not only audience participation but also facilities for people to make or practice their craft of choice. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	More generally, the cultural vitality concept can compel policymakers, arts funders, and arts administrators to think more critically about to what aspect of a citys or communitys cultural vitality they are contributing. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	This is because the concept suggests an ecology of a wide variety of arts-related entities (some explicitly arts-related and some not)large, midsize, small, nonprofit, public, commercial, and informalas necessary for cultural vitality. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Finally, acceptance and application of the cultural vitality concept potentially makes available a new range of resources for the artsfrom the education field (e.g., for additional arts instruction) to community development (e.g., for arts districts and artist live/work spaces) and other fields as well. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Our purpose was to identify any advances relevant to our work on how current indicator systems define arts and culture and measure various aspects of cultural vitality. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	The growing number of examples of arts and culture being included in indicators alongside other issues is encouraging. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Further, interest in creativity is mounting, and the ability to test the relevance of various aspects of arts and culture in community contexts through impact studies is growing. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	These types of reports are interesting to us because they sometimes include new data or metrics that can push our thinking about possible indicators of different aspects of cultural vitality. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	These measures capture some important aspects of cultural vitality listed earlier under the presence of opportunities for cultural participation domain and under the support for cultural activities domain. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Data from this survey helped capture nuances of arts and cultural participation and support for arts and culture. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Our advances in arts and culture data are helping to make answers to this kind inquiry possible. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	The surge of interest in the creative sector and the improved access to cultural vitality data that we document in this report represents a window of opportunity to integrate indicators of cultural vitality into broader policy discussions and decisionmaking. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	The opportunities offered were not merely offering access to a cultural experience that was already there but involved participants actively engaging in and creating art. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	The Participatory Turn in Cultural Policy: Paradigms, Models, Contexts.	Many initiatives are emerging today in the form of spectator collectives, citizen commissions for works, and co-creation through artistic and participatory residencies, to give art a new social vocation. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	In this sense, the influence of the geographical context is fundamental to understand the form and depth in which strategies such as audience development are incorporated in the discourse and praxis of cultural projects. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Given the positive effect of participating in cultural activities, arts and culture might be the starting point for this discussion, initiating and developing forms of participation that promote dialogue and intercultural exchange. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	In my opinion, there has been another interesting aspect of participatory arts engagement in recent cultural management and policy debates. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	A context that encourages active participation of spectators has the potential to provide artists with useful input in support of their creative work. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	For project leaders, one way to address this issue is to think about how art can be useful to peoples everyday life and relevant to local communities, helping them to generate, establish, and interpret meaning. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	In turn, this enables them to enjoy a wider range of artistic expressions. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Developing a holistic and long-term digital proposition is an opportunity for using digital to promote public understanding and enjoyment of performing arts and to reinforce audience engagement, providing authentic insight to artists: it can be a strategic win-win approach. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Furthermore, biodiversity of a cultural ecosystem is key to an ongoing lively cultural ambience that democratizes cultural consumption by providing various quality alternatives. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Participatory artists require a particular skill set, and they should conceive of themselves as facilitators and conduits of creativity; as enrichers of artistic engagement; as enablers of cultural and artistic meaning. .
Sandell, R.,	Social inclusion, the museum and the dynamics of sectoral change.	However, more recently, research into the origins of the concept and its applicability to the cultural sector has contributed to an enhanced understanding of the change imperatives that the social inclusion agenda brings with it. .
Gallou, E., ; Fouseki, K.,	Applying Social Impact Assessment (SIA) Principles in Assessing Contribution of Cultural Heritage to Social Sustainability.	At the same time, innovative tools for community-led heritage management, tourism planning and inclusive governance are on the rise. .
Gainza, X.,	Culture‑led neighbourhood transformations beyond the revitalisation/gentrification dichotomy.	The initial presence of artists and cultural activities also modifies the material, economic and symbolic conditions that attracted the first cultural producers. .
Markusen , A., ; Godwa, A.,	Arts and Culture in Urban or Regional Planning: A Review and Research Agenda	They were meant to both expand cultural offerings and revitalize their immediate environs. .
Markusen , A., ; Godwa, A.,	Arts and Culture in Urban or Regional Planning: A Review and Research Agenda	In addition, the built environment industry is actively engaged in using arts and culture to make money and nurture civic pride. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.	Measuring the intrinsic impacts of arts attendance	Individual arts experiences are the building blocks upon which the larger outcomes of the arts, such as social cohesion and cognitive development, are constructed. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.	Measuring the intrinsic impacts of arts attendance	The transformative potential of the arts may stem from its ability to inspire, challenge and unite people, as well as the innate complexity and uniqueness in how it can affect individuals. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.	Measuring the intrinsic impacts of arts attendance	Additional indicators were added to this construct to address the extent to which an arts experience motivates an individual to be more creative, or to make a change in ones life. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.	Measuring the intrinsic impacts of arts attendance	Conclusion This research aims to further policy research and development, and aid arts organizations in capturing and reflecting on the intrinsic impacts of their artistic endeavours. .
Harland, J., ; Kinder , K., ; Hartley, K.,	Arts in their view. A study of youth participation in the arts.	This may reflect the strength of desire among such respondents to pursue and develop their artistic endeavours. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	It argues public funded community based arts projects were powerful catalysts for community development..
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	This view of culture emphasises the importance of expressing community values, creating a sense of place, gaining new insights and learning new ways of doing things. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	...the sociological conception of culture possesses a number of qualities which are relevant to the process of development and the future. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	In this arena community art becomes a part of the process of community cultural developmenta process concerned with fostering an environment in which cultural democracy can occur. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	This process recognises the importance of community as fundamental to cultural expression, along with the space for social interaction and resources for artistic production. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	It values community artistic expression as an important way in which communities can create a sense of place, affirm their values, assert their differences and communicate their aspirations. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	It reveals that public funded community-based arts projects were powerful catalysts for community development and renewal as well as agents for substantial individual development. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Community cultural expression is an essential component in the evolution and expression of a national culture. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Creative expression at community level is one way of articulating the cultural values people want enshrined in public policy, and reflected in economic frameworks. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Investments in the arts Apart from developing artistic talents and inspiring further work of artistic merit, community-based arts projects also generate support for and appreciation of the traditional or the fine arts . .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	A successful project is likely to have a considerable impact in generating support for the arts, locally and further afield. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	A creative arts focus: maintaining a creative arts focus to cultural development projects. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Audience impact: an artistic product that inspires its target audiences. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	This was essential for keeping the focus on exploring individual artistic expression during the project. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	This was most enhanced when the creative development process supported and fostered the participants artistic expression and showcased their expression in a well structured artistic design. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Meaningful levels of participation Successful projects provided the opportunity for participants to take up artistic or social challenges that also contributed to achieving the goals set for the project. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	This approach was most likely to tap into and foster emerging artistic talents among the participants, which in turn strengthened the integrity of the artistic outcome. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	This paper has explored how the experience of community is fundamental to cultural expression, along with the space for social interaction and the resources for artistic production. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	We need to acknowledge community art as an important catalyst for cultural development and that this is a valid role of art in society. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	This paper suggests that key outcome areas for the arts in community cultural development are as follows:.
Landry, C., ; Bianchini, F.,	The Creative City	Much of this work was concerned with developing the artistic, cultural and social life of cities. .
Tavano Blessi, G.; Grossi, E.; Sacco, P. L.; Piereti, G.; Ferilli, G.	The contribution of cultural participation to urban well-being. A comparative study in Bolzano/Bozen and Siracusa, Italy	Researchers from all such fields pay attention in various respects to the influence of culture - in terms of activities, events, facilities, and participation - as a transformational factor with important potential impacts on various dimensions of social and economic value including social cohesion, environmentally responsible behavior, orientation toward innovation, and individual and collective well-being. .
Tavano Blessi, G.; Grossi, E.; Sacco, P. L.; Piereti, G.; Ferilli, G.	The contribution of cultural participation to urban well-being. A comparative study in Bolzano/Bozen and Siracusa, Italy	Culture is a key to achieve inclusive development, to strengthen social bonds and cooperation, and to foster creativity and innovation. .
Tavano Blessi, G.; Grossi, E.; Sacco, P. L.; Piereti, G.; Ferilli, G.	The contribution of cultural participation to urban well-being. A comparative study in Bolzano/Bozen and Siracusa, Italy	Cities then have to develop and implement comprehensive cultural planning approaches focusing on the cultural dimension as a proactive welfare factor, which creates in addition a favorable social climate for innovative attitudes and mindsets, spreading various kinds of benefits across different social spheres. .
Windle, G.; Gregory, S.; Howson-Griffiths, T.; Newman, A.; O Brien, D.; Gouldin, A.	Exploring the theoretical foundations of visual art programmes for people living with dementia	Consequently the data suggest that the attributes of dynamic and responsive artistic practice is a contextual factor that underpins the success of a visual arts programme. .
Windle, G.; Gregory, S.; Howson-Griffiths, T.; Newman, A.; O Brien, D.; Gouldin, A.	Exploring the theoretical foundations of visual art programmes for people living with dementia	This engaged residents, staff and family members in a uniquely creative way to improve quality of life, showing how the arts can transform environments. .
Zarobe, L.; Bungay, H.	The role of arts activities in developing resilience and mental wellbeing in children and young people a rapid review of the literature	INTRINSIC FACTORS Sense of belonging and identity formation Arts may play a role in identity development as the activities give people an opportunity to explore and learn about themselves. .
Australian Expert Group in Industry Studies , AEGIS,	Social impacts of Participation in the Arts and Cultural Activities	The project is viewed as a first step in bringing together current work on the social impacts of participation in arts and cultural activity in order to help identify further research needs and allow for better informed policy development and programming. .
Australian Expert Group in Industry Studies , AEGIS,	Social impacts of Participation in the Arts and Cultural Activities	The international trend in the field of using the arts and cultural activities as a means of achieving broader social goals suggests also the importance of looking at the cumulative effects of participation in arts and cultural activity. .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	A number of studies about the use and effects of arts and cultural activities to promote wellbeing in healthcare environment have been conducted in recent years. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Cultural diversity and creativity It is claimed that acknowledging and maintaining cultural diversity can enhance quality of life. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	The survey helped to provide valuable insight into the social effects of heritage conservation in urban renewal districts. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	To begin with, it is important to provide public involvement opportunities during the heritage conservation and urban renewal process. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Moreover, as part of the urban renewal strategy, promoting public awareness of local heritage and the preservation of traditional industries is essential for achieving more successful heritage conservation. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Subjective well-being and engagement in arts, culture and sport.	This paper explores the relationship between engagement in arts, culture and sport, and subjective well-being, contributing to our understanding of the leisure experience, and cultural value, of these activities. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Subjective well-being and engagement in arts, culture and sport.	Arts, cultural and sporting activities, as cultural goods exhibit certain characteristics which generate cultural value. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Subjective well-being and engagement in arts, culture and sport.	Participation and engagement in cultural goods, including arts events, museums, historical sites and certain sporting activities, form leisure experiences, where ..
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Subjective well-being and engagement in arts, culture and sport.	The findings are also indicative of a range of cultural goods, including arts activities and events, museums, historical sites and certain sporting activities, acting as a source of cultural value. .
Poulos, R.G.; Marwood, S.; Harkin, D.; Opher, S.; Clift, S.; Cole, A.M.D.; Rhee, J.; Beilharz, K.; Poulos, C.J.	Arts on prescription for community‐dwelling older people with a range of health and wellness needs	Qualitative findings indicated that the program provided challenging artistic activities which created a sense of purpose and direction, enabled personal growth and achievement, and empowered participants, in a setting which fostered the development of meaningful relationships with others. .
Poulos, R.G.; Marwood, S.; Harkin, D.; Opher, S.; Clift, S.; Cole, A.M.D.; Rhee, J.; Beilharz, K.; Poulos, C.J.	Arts on prescription for community‐dwelling older people with a range of health and wellness needs	This may be due to the programs ability to foster eudaimonic well-being through the provision of challenging artistic activities which create a sense of purpose and direction, enable personal growth and achievement, and empower participants, in a setting which fosters the development of meaningful relationships with others. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Essentially, cultural mapping involves identifying existing cultural resources and finding ways of leveraging them for the benefit of the community at large. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Essentially, place branding involves using a local cultural inventory to identify some of the cultural elements that can create a unique image of a community. .
Spiegel, J., B.; Parent, S., N.	Re-approaching community development through the arts: a ‘critical mixed methods’ study of social circus in Quebec.	While community arts projects have long been used in community development, the nature of the development sought has varied. .
Stern, M., J.	Measuring the Outcomes of Creative Placemaking	However, the presence of cultural assets has a significant impact in mitigating social inequality. .
Stern, M., J.	Measuring the Outcomes of Creative Placemaking	The concept of cultural ecology provides a solid foundation for creative placemaking, but it also poses a challenge. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	The social impact of arts and cultural engagement is now getting more attention. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Cultural districts as a source of civic engagement goes beyond enhancements to the public realm. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	ACTs Cultural Plan sees Providences public spaces becoming vibrant cultural commons where public art, including new media, would create opportunities for engagement. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	There is extensive evidence that arts and culture help produce engaged citizens, not only promoting pro-social civic behaviours such as voting and volunteering, but also fuelling a broader political imagination. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	6. Innovation impacts Cultural districts support the innovative social context in which ecosystems can thrive. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	The rise of new kinds of cultural experience and art forms is bound up in wider innovation, with the need for new digital technologies, facilities for co-creation, flexible accessible spaces and more open and diverse forms of participation. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Its digital art - sonic, visual, projections - contributes to the cultural vitality of the district while bringing together arts practice and creative start-ups in innovative ways. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	A cultural district will also need to think about this ecosystem in its own strategies, including engaging with grassroots arts as part of delivering its social objectives. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	This category encompasses arts programs and projects whose primary purpose is to provide a fulfilling creative experience for those who participate. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	In these programs the participatory activity, however cursory or deep, is in service of a professionally curated artistic outcome. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	Arts groups are devoting a great deal of energy these days to assisting visitors and audiences in having deeper, more meaningful arts experiences (i.e., enhanced engagement). .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	1. Community-Sourced Arts Events Build institutional relevance and shift the organizations role from gatekeeper to catalyst of creativity. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	By inviting community members to create, perform and witness, these programs offer shared, meaningful experiences. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	Through participatory arts programs and events, these agencies activate community networks to catalyze, mobilize and facilitate creativity and art-making. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	By activating community networks, these agencies are finding new ways to catalyze, mobilize and facilitate creativity and art-making in their communities through participatory arts programs and events. .
Arikan, Y., ; Clark, T., N.; Noonan, D., S.; Tolley, G.,	The arts, Bohemian scenes, and income.	The increasing global recognition that the arts are critical foundations for education, aesthetics, and creative neighbourhoods should encourage more detailed inquiries. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	This article examines an alternative use of the arts for community development: cultivating neighborhood cultural clusters with modest concentrations of cultural providers (both nonprofit and commercial), resident artists, and cultural participants. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	Diverse communities are the fertile soil in which the arts and culture flourish. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	The connection between diversity and the arts needs to be more fully explored. .
Rosenstein, C.,	Cultural development and city neighborhoods.	First, cultural development should be dedicated not just to economic growth but also to supporting the diverse cultural lives of city residents, including everyday and neighborhood cultural activity. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	With careful curatorship and the assistance of their audiences museums can develop for the future a popular cultural heritage which is non-linear, risk taking and which presents a diversity of experience..
Walmsley, B.,	Deep hanging out in the arts: an anthropological approach to capturing cultural value	So the arts help people to be, rather than just think, reflect and rationalise. .
Walmsley, B.,	Deep hanging out in the arts: an anthropological approach to capturing cultural value	They need to be mindful of their phenomenological role as sites of profound cultural engagement; as privileged places of artistic insight and exchange. .
Walmsley, B.,	Deep hanging out in the arts: an anthropological approach to capturing cultural value	Ultimately, it is hoped that this fresh approach to capturing artistic experience will reframe the terms of the Cultural Value debate and inspire new anthropological approaches to exploring it..
Grodach, C.,	Museums as Urban Catalysts: The Role of Urban Design in Flagship Cultural Development	Many local governments are paying increased attention to the arts as a vital component of central city redevelopment. .
Grodach, C.,	Museums as Urban Catalysts: The Role of Urban Design in Flagship Cultural Development	However, it is plausible that in most instances the ability of the flagship cultural strategy to stimulate development depends not only on spectacular architecture, but also on the local context and urban design surrounding the building itself. .
Grodach, C.,	Museums as Urban Catalysts: The Role of Urban Design in Flagship Cultural Development	For these researchers, successful culture-led redevelopment relies upon the distinct character or identity of a district, creating a lively and well-defined public realm, and the existence of a critical mass of cultural facilities within a diverse mix of land uses and building types. .
Grodach, C.,	Museums as Urban Catalysts: The Role of Urban Design in Flagship Cultural Development	This type of competition arises because, in many instances, when a cultural institution is treated as a development catalyst, its role is interpreted as creating an experience or setting for cultural consumption. .
Cortés-Rico, L., ; Piedrahita-Solórzano, G.,	Participatory Design in Practice. The Case of an Embroidered Technology.	It means that the greater the immersion in the project, the easier it is for ideas to become culturally relevant artifacts. .
Cortés-Rico, L., ; Piedrahita-Solórzano, G.,	Participatory Design in Practice. The Case of an Embroidered Technology.	Actively involving communities facilitates their empowerment, their appropriation of designed artifacts and also makes possible the local development of new sustainable social technology. .
Badham, M.,	Cultural Indicators: Tools for Community Engagement?	The paper is also interested in a number of emerging initiatives in which cultural indicators can be tools for community engagement and cultural democracy. .
Badham, M.,	Cultural Indicators: Tools for Community Engagement?	Prospective Cultural Indicators may provide new and innovative ways for articulating the values of a diversity of culture and expression through collaborative dialogue regarding culture may be used as an inclusive policy-making strategy, reflective of the values of everyday citizens. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	Cities build their uniqueness on cultural resources and assets Every place has cultural resources. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	Cultural resources are an essential source of authentic differentiation contributing to singularities, distinctiveness and attractiveness. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	This is where the peer-learning activities of Culture for Cities and Regions helped to reshape the strategic development of the project and develop locally-rooted narratives, and make best use of existing opportunities, such as the development and implementation of the Regional Smart Specialisation strategy as a way to integrate the cultural heritage site in an overall economic and social development policy. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	It is about setting a vision for a city where all forms of creativity and innovation are mobilised to tackle todays and tomorrows challenges, a ville des possibles which empowers cultural workers and creative initiatives. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Creativity and culture have been placed at the centre of regional and local development plans, both as a tool for urban regeneration and as a key driver for city development. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	It usefully places the notion of expressive value at the core of its rationale, including a wider spectrum of aesthetic, social, spiritual, historical, symbolic, and authenticity values. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Every urban area has cultural and creative resources, which make a place unique, in terms of attractiveness and of identity. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Culture, and in particular the cultural and creative industries, have become a motor of transformation and development of cities. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Recognising and promoting cultural and creative industries at local level is critical as it can have a substantial impact on the socio-economic scenario. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Culture and creativity can play a role in addressing city issues of public interest. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	More specifically, particular attention has been dedicated to the cultural environment of a city - creative hubs, libraries, theatres, cinemas, museums - which is essential to the development of a creative place. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	cultural and creative events, cultural tourism, the presence of creative opportunities and spaces. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	They aim at proving the culture and the creative industries as key drivers for local economic growth. .
Bianchini, F., ; Tommarchi, E., ; Hansen, L., E.	Problematising the question of participation in Capitals of Culture	In this case it deals with encouraging individual creativity, through the involvement of local people in community arts projects where they are enabled to express themselves and develop their cultural skills, and through co-creation of cultural contents and projects, based on open calls and micro-funding schemes. .
Bianchini, F., ; Tommarchi, E., ; Hansen, L., E.	Problematising the question of participation in Capitals of Culture	In this phase of the ECoC programme, the social dimension of the event that emerged in the previous phase was strengthened and developed, for example with regard to the connection between culture and wellbeing and the active involvement of local communities in the production of culture and in the design of cultural events, in particular through the introduction and development of concepts of co-creation. .
Moody, E., ; Phinney, A.,	A community-engaged art program for older people: fostering social inclusion.	This type of programming has been developed to create opportunities for people to engage with their communities through participation in art making. .
Moody, E., ; Phinney, A.,	A community-engaged art program for older people: fostering social inclusion.	The skills, abilities, and expertise of the artist, along with the individual knowledge, creativity, and life experience of participants are all valued in the art-making process. .
Merli, P.,	Evaluating the social impact of participation in arts activities. A critical review of François Matarasso’s “Use or Ornament?”	For example: participation in the arts can give people influence over how they are seen by others, or can help validate the contribution of a whole community, or can help people extend control over their own lives, or can help community groups raise their vision beyond the immediate. .
Navarro Yanez, C., J.	Do ‘creative cities’ have a dark side? Cultural scenes and socioeconomic status in Barcelona and Madrid (1991–2001)	Studies of culture and creativity have shown that they can play an effective role in promoting local development. .
Rahbarianyazd, R., ; Doratli, N.,	Assessing the contribution of cultural agglomeration in urban regeneration through developing cultural strategies.	These areas can function within the art industry as places of art consumption and also contribute to enhanced arts production. .
Rahbarianyazd, R., ; Doratli, N.,	Assessing the contribution of cultural agglomeration in urban regeneration through developing cultural strategies.	The ability of these projects to accelerate art developments relies heavily on the nearby environment. .
Rahbarianyazd, R., ; Doratli, N.,	Assessing the contribution of cultural agglomeration in urban regeneration through developing cultural strategies.	(c) place-oriented strategy, for example, visiting heritage buildings or flagship projects as part of the creative environment; .
Rahbarianyazd, R., ; Doratli, N.,	Assessing the contribution of cultural agglomeration in urban regeneration through developing cultural strategies.	Considering the role of the cultural production in boosting local economy and enhancing the social identity of the local communities, this model of urban regeneration relies mostly on the creative industry strategies. .
Felton E., Vichie K., Moore E.	Widening participation creatively: creative arts education for social inclusion	We argue that arts education has a particular role in provoking attitudinal change, due to the self-reflective, meaning-making and expressive characteristics of arts-based disciplines. .
Mahmoud R.A., Wael A.	Urban policy as a main key towards sustainable built environment of popular neighbourhood: Case study of El Cabanyal Valencia Spain	Moreover, the proposal includes the installation culture-related buildings that provides activities linked to the popular heritage. .
Urbanowicz K., Nyka L.	Interactive and Media Architecture - From Social Encounters to City Planning Strategies	3. Influencing the perception of the space - creating new identity of the place New media art and interactive installations can have a positive influence on the character and perception of the space. .
Park J., Lee H., Yim S.	A case of preservation of the modern and regeneration of old downtown through civic participatory remodeling procedure: Experimentation in Gwangju, Korea	The design competition also raises a question about the foremost priority in preservation projects and new birth of cultural resource. .
Fancourt D., Baxter L., Lorencatto F.	Barriers and enablers to engagement in participatory arts activities amongst individuals with depression and anxiety: Quantitative analyses using a behaviour change framework	These include believing there are benefits from engaging, having a goal to achieve, and feeling more artistic as a person. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	Careful attention is needed when designing community art projects to planning suitable follow-up events and opportunities for participants who wish to take their new interests forwards. .
Müllersdorf M., Ivarsson A.B.	Use of Creative Activities in Occupational Therapy Practice in Sweden	Another interesting aspect is how creative activities are defined. .
Reynolds F., Vivat B., Prior S.	Womens experiences of increasing subjective well-being in CFS/ME through leisure-based arts and crafts activities: A qualitative study	Art provided new sources of satisfaction in daily life, improved self-image, hope for the future, and positive contact with the outside world. .
la Cour K., Josephsson S., Luborsky M.	Creating connections of life during life-threatening illness: Creative activity experienced by elderly people and occupational therapists	Engaging in creative activity served as a medium that enabled creation of connections to wider culture and daily life that counters consequences of terminal illness, such as isolation. .
la Cour K., Josephsson S., Luborsky M.	Creating connections of life during life-threatening illness: Creative activity experienced by elderly people and occupational therapists	It adheres to an explicit philosophy to support the use of cultural and creative activities. .
la Cour K., Josephsson S., Luborsky M.	Creating connections of life during life-threatening illness: Creative activity experienced by elderly people and occupational therapists	Primarily the results are indicative of how and why engaging in creative activity can be of importance. .
Hsu K.-W., Lin M.-L., Chao J.-C., Huang S.-F.	Constructing an evaluation framework for eco-museum operations-management performance, based on the case of Jhushan, Taiwan	In other words, all cultural representations are heritages that eco-museums can potentially preserve, and all can help the local residents to build a sense of identity. .
Hsu K.-W., Lin M.-L., Chao J.-C., Huang S.-F.	Constructing an evaluation framework for eco-museum operations-management performance, based on the case of Jhushan, Taiwan	Promotion of cultural activities. .
Sánchez-López I., Pérez-Rodríguez A., Fandos-Igado M.	Com-educational platforms: Creativity and community for learning	Creative participation is recognized, makes sense and has a specific value in a community environment. .
Manias-Muñoz M., Barreiro M.S., Rodríguez A.I.	Public policies, diversity and national cinemas in the Spanish context: Catalonia, basque country and Galicia	In the current global context, developing cultural policies and measures to nurture such creativity becomes key issue. .
Arikan Y., Clark T.N., Noonan D.S., Tolley G.	The arts, Bohemian scenes, and income	The increasing global recognition that the arts are critical foundations for education, aesthetics, and creative neighbourhoods should encourage more detailed inquiries. .
Liu Y.-D.	Event and sustainable culture-led regeneration: Lessons from the 2008 European Capital of Culture, Liverpool	The findings reveal that incorporating events in a city's long-term regeneration trajectory, continued support and enhancement of local cultural processes and structures, and highlighting community involvement and development are major factors to ensure the cultural sustainability of event. .
Liu Y.-D.	Event and sustainable culture-led regeneration: Lessons from the 2008 European Capital of Culture, Liverpool	1) states: enjoyment of and participation in the arts is fundamental to the core of successful sustainable development . . . Arts have always been used to engage and inform as well as entertain, and using imagination and creativity encourages attitudinal change, as well as social and environmental transformation, all of which are necessary to make truly sustainable development possible. .
Liu Y.-D.	Event and sustainable culture-led regeneration: Lessons from the 2008 European Capital of Culture, Liverpool	Given the historical evolution, cultural potential and diversity of cities, there are different potential ways to achieve culture-led regeneration. .
Liu Y.-D.	Event and sustainable culture-led regeneration: Lessons from the 2008 European Capital of Culture, Liverpool	Therefore, the success of applying cultural policies to urban regeneration should consider the enhancement of cultural production. .
Cerreta M., Daldanise G., Sposito S.	Culture-led regeneration for urban spaces Monitoring complex values networks in action	Reading these experiences highlights how culture can be a driver of development and enhancement based on local resources and identity and, on the other hand, based on participatory resources, such as communication technologies and innovative forms of cooperation among people and creative experts. .
Shaw K.	Y21: Culture-led regeneration in twenty-first century UK city regions	In this way, culture-led regeneration demonstrated its potential to change not only the fortunes of a society, but also to shape the lives of the individuals living in a City-Region. .
Pastak I., Kährik A.	The impacts of culture-led flagship projects on local communities in the context of post-socialist tallinn	Culture-led flagship regeneration has had a substantial effect on improving the physical quality of public spaces by creating arenas for social interaction and educational activities. .
Carnegie A., Norris M.	Strengthening communities, building capacity, combating stigma: exploring the potential of culture-led social housing regeneration	A key reason for the Centres success in achieving this aspect of its remit, despite the large-scale and initially top-down imposition of culture-led regeneration, has been the emphasis on selecting cultural activities which are relevant to the concerns of the local community and on involving residents in their design and implementation. .
Comunian R., Mould O.	The weakest link: Creative industries, flagship cultural projects and regeneration	It is important that the cultural city places attention on culture with the capital C but also on the smaller creative and cultural producers that work in the city. .
Ozden P.	Culture-led regeneration projects in post-industrial areas: The Istanbul experience	Reading these experiences highlights how culture can be a driver of development and enhancement based on local resources and identity and, on the other hand, based on participatory resources, such as communication technologies and innovative forms of cooperation among people and creative experts. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	However, a recent, emerging body of research is examining the contribution of performing arts to positive health outcomes for clinical populations. .
Biondi L., Demartini P., Marchegiani L., Marchiori M., Piber M.	Understanding orchestrated participatory cultural initiatives: Mapping the dynamics of governance and participation	From a theoretical perspective, this study contributes to the literature and debate on culture as a driver for local regeneration and development. .
Biondi L., Demartini P., Marchegiani L., Marchiori M., Piber M.	Understanding orchestrated participatory cultural initiatives: Mapping the dynamics of governance and participation	2. Participatory cultural initiatives as a cultural phenomenon A growing body of literature across a diverse range of disciplines has tackled issues relating to culture and creativity and their associated socio-economic values. .
Biondi L., Demartini P., Marchegiani L., Marchiori M., Piber M.	Understanding orchestrated participatory cultural initiatives: Mapping the dynamics of governance and participation	To invest in cultural resources means contributing to improvements in quality of life, and forging new economic, financial, and human resources. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	Today, culture and cultural festivals are part of the strategies of local and regional development and urban regeneration actions as a result ofthe impact that these goods can generate on the territories. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	In turn, and derived from this phenomenon, culture is becoming a urban planning factor, not only because of the provision of new cultural infrastructures and the regeneration of urban spaces, but also because of the diversi$cation of the cultural offer and tourist attractions that, in short, try to con$gurate a more attractive and representative image of the quality of life, capable of compete with other enclaves or territories through this differentiation strategy. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	This allows us to offer an alternative culture, different and sometimes innovative that increases the cultural offer of the cities and regions. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	Since research on community arts programmes in general and national arts festivals in particular is at an early stage of development, the paper also offers some useful insights into the processes and outcomes through which older people can benefit from engagement with the arts, including the policy implications arising from participation. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	The purpose of the festival is to celebrate creativity in older age, highlighting older peoples current engagement in the arts and encouraging their continued and future participation. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	Develop and articulate a national policy for the arts in older age that acknowledges the potency of the arts to transform lives. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	In particular, we need more complex intervention studies to explore how creative expression and participation in arts programmes can enhance health and wellbeing for some people..
Tymoszuk U., Perkins R., Fancourt D., Williamon A.	Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between receptive arts engagement and loneliness among older adults	If replicated in future studies, these findings would suggest that those who manage places and spaces for arts engagement should, at the least, be aware of the potential for their venues to facilitate shared experiences and positive social interactions and, even better, direct their resources and programming toward facilitating such opportunities. .
Monsuez J.-J., François V., Ratiney R., Trinchet I., Polomeni P., Sebbane G., Muller S., Litout M., Castagno C., Frandji D.	Museum moving to inpatients: Le louvre à l’hôpital	It constitutes a valuable way to provide art activities for inpatients in large numbers. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	Findings: These benefits are perceived to include empowerment and meaning in life, which are two of the core principles of recovery; arts engagement can, therefore, be a useful tool in recovery. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	Empowerment The study shows that accessing cultural institutions can support feelings of empowerment for service users. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	Having access to arts engagements enables a creative process and a person-centred approach that values the uniqueness of the individual, which is important for the service users in this study. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	The findings in this study suggest that mental health service users experience a sense of empowerment by visiting museums/galleries and arts engagement. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	Valuing the diversity of the community encourages cultural institutions to attract a different public. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	Recognising that mental health service users benefit from arts engagement in terms of the CHIME categories identified, arts engagement can arguably play a vital role in the recovery process; it is possible to use arts engagement as a tool in recovery, given that it is placed within a framework, as arts engagement can add something unique to each personal and complex story and each journey, provided that it is facilitated adequately. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	Conclusion The findings show that engagement in arts can create a sense of meaning, purpose in life and empowerment, which are part of the conceptual framework, CHIME, which describes the human process of recovery. .
Fancourt D., Steptoe A.	Cultural engagement predicts changes in cognitive function in older adults over a 10 year period: Findings from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing	However, these are all examples of productive cultural activities. .
Roe B., McCormick S., Lucas T., Gallagher W., Winn A., Elkin S.	Coffee, Cake & Culture: Evaluation of an art for health programme for older people in the community	Arts and creative activities form part of social engagement/ involvement and social prescription for health, wellbeing and quality of life within communities. .
This special issue of Arts & Health seeks to help fill the current evidence gap by presenting a number of studies that contribute to a nuanced understanding of the relationship between cultural heritage engagement and a range of health and well-being outcomes. .
Wilson L., Bryant W., Reynolds F., Lawson J.	Therapeutic outcomes in a museum? “You dont get them by aiming for them”. How a focus on arts participation promotes inclusion and well-being	Conclusion: Developing similar projects would offer opportunities to foster diverse artistic communities and empower people with experiences of disability and mental health conditions. .
Morrison C.	Public Art Replacement on the Mapocho River: Erasure, Renewal, and a Conflict of Cultural Value in Santiago de Chile	Historical value of the stonework, in this light, is augmented through its artistic reinterpretation. .
Mantziou L.	Museum Cluster as Urban Defibrillator	Nowadays, the regeneration or the expansion of cultural-profile areas is of the highest importance in terms of the international presence of the city, its cultural status, its economic growth, the enhancement of its special national and historical profile. .
Booth K.	Thinking through lines: locating perception and experience in place	It is tied to the idea that by introducing arts and culture into communities identified as in deficit, cultural engagement will be facilitated and tangible positive social change will take place. .
Booth K.	Thinking through lines: locating perception and experience in place	Change, in effect, takes place through the filling up of this vacant space with arts and culture. .
Booth K.	Thinking through lines: locating perception and experience in place	Such accounts of place create a space, in effect, for imagining what a significant impact a new and large cultural institution would create. .
Booth K., O’Connor J.	Planning for creative effects: the Museum of Old and New Art	Key concepts when considering the social and cultural dimensions of creative effect may include indicators like the number of jobs created, the quality of such jobs, and levels of cultural engagement, as well as measures of local perceptions and experiences such as contributions of art and culture to sense of place and liveability. .
Booth K., O’Connor J.	Planning for creative effects: the Museum of Old and New Art	Access roots to cultural production rather than just consumption is a key indicator of equitable cultural planning. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	The proposed thesis is that the recovery of public space, configured by art and culture and shared with local community according to an inclusive approach, contribute to regenerate creativity, reconstructing the relationships between people, communities and landscape. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	In this process, art is a driver which acts on the creativity of local residents, stimulating their critical thinking, open-mindedness and design capacity, and leading them to accept diversity as an opportunity. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	From street art to site-specific installations, from poetry to theater up to live works, artistic experience, shared with local communities, become instrument to regenerate both the system of relations between people, which supports the definition of community, and the process of interaction between people and built environment. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	The proposed thesis is that the recovery of public space, configured by art and culture and shared with local community according to an inclusive approach, contributes to regenerate creativity, reconstructing the relationships between people, communities and landscape. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	In this process, art is a driver which acts on the creativity of local residents, stimulating their critical thinking, open-mindedness and design capacity, and leading them to accept diversity as an opportunity. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	An additional function is performed by the recovery of built heritage, creativity-core activities, which spreads and connects with the built heritage soliciting creative effects from art (see Figure 1). .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	The art manufacturing process, as well as the recovery of built environment, are both creative activities which, shared with local communities, stimulate individual and collective creativity. .
Collazo A.A.	Progress, mobility and Urban regeneration in a traditional neighbourhood: El Encino, Mexico	A sustainable city should consider the preservation of its cultural heritage sites. .
Cristina M., Loreta C., Daniel P., George M., Cristian D., Radu P.	The role of technical museums in the regeneration of industrial functionally, restructured regions (Romania)	The cultural regeneration of industrial towns also contributes to the creation of the towns touristic image. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	Conclusion: Participatory arts enable older people to express themselves creatively, and make meaningful contributions to their social relationships. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	CONCLUSION Participatory arts engage older people, enable them to express themselves creatively, connect with others including care home staff and provide the opportunity for them to make meaningful contributions to their social relationships in care homes. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	This could be delivered as part of arts programmes from external arts organisations, who should aim to leave a lasting legacy through their work to promote sustainability. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	It examines music participation as a determinant of wellbeing and as a transformative tool to impact on wider social, cultural and environmental conditions. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Thus, consideration of these three aspects that are broadly related to artistic and cultural influences, can contribute to broadening current understandings of SDOH and well-being. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	This learning was also characterised as enabling community members to better understand their culture, and further enable the storying of their culture. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	In terms of the current study, arts-based practices and the organisation of the Festival, in part, contributed towards relations within this community favourably impacted social capital. .
Gillam T.	Enhancing public mental health and wellbeing through creative arts participation	It is important creative arts activities should be participatory so they become a vehicle not only for self-expression but for participation in groups and communities, increasing connectedness and social inclusion. .
Gillam T.	Enhancing public mental health and wellbeing through creative arts participation	Intuitively - and judging by the evidence - participatory arts have great potential for individual and community wellbeing. .
Bridger A.J., Emmanouil S., Lawthom R.	Trace.space: a psychogeographical community project with members of an arts and health organisation	It is therefore important to suffuse the study of experience in context and to consider how such work can be connected with artistic and activist concerns with social change. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Jetten J., Rowan C.	Identification with arts-based groups improves mental wellbeing in adults with chronic mental health conditions	There is emerging evidence that social and mental wellbeing can be enhanced through participation in arts-based programmes. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Jetten J., Rowan C.	Identification with arts-based groups improves mental wellbeing in adults with chronic mental health conditions	One approach to developing meaningful social connections is through engagement in the arts, such as music, creative writing, drama and visual art. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	Participation in self-help groups, community organisations and arts activities can play an important role in this journey to recovery and well-being for people with mental health conditions. .
Habron J., Butterly F., Gordon I., Roebuck A.	Being well, being musical: Music composition as a resource and occupation for older people	For some, this process was emancipatory and showed the potential for using the creative arts in facilitating the reviewing of life challenges. .
Habron J., Butterly F., Gordon I., Roebuck A.	Being well, being musical: Music composition as a resource and occupation for older people	Music as a vehicle for creativity for older people Individual and collaborative music composition highlights the opportunities for creativity in arts-based interventions. .
Habron J., Butterly F., Gordon I., Roebuck A.	Being well, being musical: Music composition as a resource and occupation for older people	Development of personal resources Offering opportunities for creativity through music may be empowering, enabling people in later stages of life to begin to realise new and differing personal resources within accessible occupations, such as the creative expression through the arts. .
Habron J., Butterly F., Gordon I., Roebuck A.	Being well, being musical: Music composition as a resource and occupation for older people	Composing music also developed participants sense of themselves as learners and contributors to a creative medium. .
Stanczyk M.M.	Music therapy in supportive cancer care	Music therapy offers opportunities for self-expression and brings positive experiences. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	In the end, archaeological excavations have the power to transform a specific locally isolated geographical spot into a cultural heritage location with a lot of attention from different organisations. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	The aim of this program has been articulated by one of the program executives as Our goal was to put strategic outlines for cultural based community development that empower people to reshape their own cultural and inherited identity, people to become more actively responsible towards their cultural heritage, enhance their abilities to be able to protect their reach heritage and insure its sustainability as an important economic resource. .
Guachalla A.	Social inclusion and audience development at the Royal Opera House: a tourist perspective	However, appreciation for certain art forms can also be acquired if the individual is exposed and cultivated until they develop enthusiasm and interest in participating in cultural endeavours. .
Guachalla A.	Social inclusion and audience development at the Royal Opera House: a tourist perspective	The cultural tourist The frameworks above are useful in the understanding of the different phases involved in the task of developing audiences for the arts and the array of elements that influence these processes. .
Athens L.	Design for social sustainability at Seattles central library	Integrate meaningful artwork into the building that expresses cultural or environmental issues. .
Bonev I., Shimura S., Fricke H.H., Tsukamoto Y.	Design and construction methodology for de-institutional architecture: A case study on “Lakeside Dancers Club” at Horst Festival	The festival addresses the problems of the cultural heritage site introducing new dynamics and identity with arts, music and culture. .
Crespo-Martín B.	Regarding participatory contemporary art practices as catalysts of sociabilization Acerca de las prácticas artísticas participativas contemporáneas como catalizadoras de la sociabilización	The artistic practices of a participatory nature in contemporary art have led to their being constituted as catalysts for sociabilization per se. .
Thompson J., Day J.	Understanding the impact and value of temporary public art sculpture trails	The aesthetic and artistic values have a large impact on the fun enjoyed by the general public. .
Małuj J., Załuski D.	Emotional and Social Potential of Art in the City	Shared participation of artists and residents in shaping space through creative acts and artistic expression may contribute to greater satisfaction with the place of residence as well as a perceived increase in the quality of life. .
Małuj J., Załuski D.	Emotional and Social Potential of Art in the City	Creative acts and processes influence the sense of dignity and personal freedom and integrity, they may serve as a catalyst to unleash the residents' authenticity, creativity and agency. .
Małuj J., Załuski D.	Emotional and Social Potential of Art in the City	Educational and artistic activities have been selected to enhance local community activism. .
Brown K., Eernstman N., Huke A.R., Reding N.	The drama of resilience: Learning, doing, and sharing for sustainability	Clearly, the creative arts can play many important roles in research and practice in the resilience field. .
Goddard J.	Valuing the place of young people with learning disabilities in the arts	This has the potential to be adapted and developed as a reflexive tool for facilitators across disciplines, and also for participants, thus contributing to their development as artists in their own right. .
Vettraino E., Linds W., Jindal-Snape D.	Embodied voices: using applied theatre for co-creation with marginalised youth	Through this approach, artistic endeavours are recognised as parts of life that promote and sustain health and wellness. .
Vettraino E., Linds W., Jindal-Snape D.	Embodied voices: using applied theatre for co-creation with marginalised youth	This involves exploring relationships through the arts where the arts are both a research method and a programme that develops well-being. .
Vettraino E., Linds W., Jindal-Snape D.	Embodied voices: using applied theatre for co-creation with marginalised youth	Evidence would indicate that among the benefits of using the arts as an underpinning philosophy in working with young people is that there are increased levels of motivation, sense of self-efficacy and achievement, an enhanced ability to cope with diversity, uncertainty and change, as well as the enhancement of social skills and emotional development. .
Węziak-Białowolska D.	Attendance of cultural events and involvement with the arts—impact evaluation on health and well-being from a Swiss household panel survey	The authors believe, however, that this study may offer some insight for the assessment of the role of cultural events and popularity of creative engagement with the arts in shaping health promotion policy. .
Tyler N., Giles S., Daker-White G., McManus B.C., Panagioti M.	A patient and public involvement workshop using visual art and priority setting to provide patients with a voice to describe quality and safety concerns: Vitamin B12 deficiency and pernicious anaemia	Some valued the opportunity to explore and discuss their perspectives with other patients; which the artistic element helped facilitate. .
Newman A., Goulding A., Davenport B., Windle G.	The role of the visual arts in the resilience of people living with dementia in care homes	This created a multi-sensory environment that provided the stimulation for the work that was created. .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Joice S., Kroll T., Mead G., Donnan P., Toma M., Williams B.	Art participation for psychosocial wellbeing during stroke rehabilitation: a feasibility randomised controlled trial	Arts programmes led by professional artists focus on benefits to wellbeing through artwork creation, by enabling people to realise their creative potential. .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Joice S., Kroll T., Mead G., Donnan P., Toma M., Williams B.	Art participation for psychosocial wellbeing during stroke rehabilitation: a feasibility randomised controlled trial	Qualitative work to inform this study suggested art participation may foster positive resources that contribute to wellbeing, and guided outcome selection. .
Wyatt M., Liggett S.	The Potential of Painting: Unlocking Disenfranchised Grief for People Living With Dementia	Research needs not only to address causal relationships but also to investigate a deeper understanding of how arts practices function to promote well-being. .
Windle G., Joling K.J., Howson-Griffiths T., Woods B., Jones C.H., Van De Ven P.M., Newman A., Parkinson C.	The impact of a visual arts program on quality of life, communication, and well-being of people living with dementia: A mixed-methods longitudinal investigation	Practice implications Our research suggests that art and cultural organizations and community venues are ideally situated for delivering high quality, socially inclusive, and mentally stimulating activities. .
Secker J., Heydinrych K., Kent L., Keay J.	Why art? Exploring the contribution to mental well-being of the creative aspects and processes of visual art-making in an arts and mental health course	These benefits are amongst the significant outcomes identified in the previous evaluations of Open Arts, and this study illuminates the contribution of the creative process of playful experimentation to their achievement. .
Lee K.L., Mustaffa M.S., Tan S.Y.	Visual arts in counselling adults with depressive disorders	People from all ethnic backgrounds and cultures will benefit from the art approach if counsellors understand the cultural heritage of their clients visual arts. .
Young R., Camic P.M., Tischler V.	The impact of community-based arts and health interventions on cognition in people with dementia: A systematic literature review	One particular area where such research is emerging is the arts. .
Windle G., Gregory S., Newman A., Goulding A., OBrien D., Parkinson C.	Understanding the impact of visual arts interventions for people living with dementia: A realist review protocol	This suggests that visual arts interventions should be built on dynamic and responsive artistic practice (e.g. good skills and understanding) and they should create a provocative and stimulating aesthetic experience (e.g. be challenging and engaging, in an inspiring environment) which triggers the mechanisms that lead to well-being, quality of life, connectivity and social connectedness (see Figure 1). .
Goulding A.	How can contemporary art contribute toward the development of social and cultural capital for people aged 64 and older	Further evidence about the distinct contribution of different art forms to social capital and how this relates to well-being is needed. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	Participants described their art-making as enriching their mental life, promoting enjoyment of the sensuality of colour and texture, presenting new challenges, playful experimentation, and fresh ambitions. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	This review now focuses on the contribution of leisure activities to subjective well-being in later life, particularly activities that may be described as cultural and creative. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	Do cultural and creative occupations have a distinctive role to play in maintaining well-being in later life? .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	Creative challenges were valued for providing stimulation and opportunities to experience mastery. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	Some felt that their art forged wider connections with nature and the environment, as well as the social world outside their home. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	The tool for creative expression. .
Vakkari, P., ; Serola, S.,	Perceived outcomes of public libraries	Increased knowledge and relaxation are examples of the benefits the library creates for its users with its outputs. .
Redfield A.	An analysis of the experiences and integration of transpersonal phenomena induced by electronic dance music	As the findings in this study suggest, such states of consciousness have a beneficial impact on EDM participants lives, relationships, and psychological and physical health and wellbeing. .
Núñez S.	Medicinal drumming: An ancient and modern day healing approach	These ceremonies are multifaceted in nature and in broad terms serve to commune with cosmic consciousness; increase life-force energy; generate balance, alignment, inner peace; and enhance satisfaction with life. .
Imtiaz D., Anwar Y., Khan A.	Wearable sensors and a multisensory music and reminiscence therapies application: To help reduce behavioral and psychological symptoms in person with dementia	Implying a combination of music and reminiscence therapy can have a positive impact in the reduction of stress and agitation. .
Sextou P., Smith C.	Drama is for Life! Recreational Drama Activities for the Elderly in the UK	The setting is rearranged to serve the purpose of the sessions aiming at enjoyment, as well as having positive effects on their daily lives, including cognitive, physical and wellbeing benefits that can be achieved by participation. .
Ander, E.; Thomson, L.; Lanceley, A.; Menon, U.; Noble, G.	Heritage, Health and Wellbeing: Assessing the impact of a heritage focused intervention on health and wellbeing.	Participants reactions to handling museum objects gave an insight into why heritage objects in particular (rather than pictures or non-heritage objects) produce engagement, feelings (positive and negative) and wellbeing benefits. .
Ander, E.; Thomson, L.; Lanceley, A.; Menon, U.; Noble, G.	Heritage, Health and Wellbeing: Assessing the impact of a heritage focused intervention on health and wellbeing.	The multi-centre research also showed that a museum handling session is a versatile and accessible tool to improve wellbeing for long and short term patients, and sufferers of mental and physical ill health alike. .
Macrì, E.; Limoni, C.	Artistic activities and psychological well-being perceived by patients with spinal cord injury.	Artistic offerings are frequently integrated into the care pathways of patients hospitalised for treatment, in order to improve the patients physical and psychological health. .
Macrì, E.; Limoni, C.	Artistic activities and psychological well-being perceived by patients with spinal cord injury.	The goal is to reduce stress during the patients hospital stay, helping patients deal with the impact of hospitalisation and ill health and, more generally, by positively affecting levels of individual psychological well-being among patients. .
Macrì, E.; Limoni, C.	Artistic activities and psychological well-being perceived by patients with spinal cord injury.	Further research is required to achieve deeper insights and a better understanding of the relationship between the arts and the psychological well-being of patients. .
Bygren, L. O.; Johansson, S.,‑E.; Konlaan, B., B., Grjibovski, A., M.; Wilkinson, A., V.; Sjöström, M.	Attending cultural events and cancer mortality: A Swedish cohort study.	The health benefits associated with higher rates of cultural consumption could be a result of stress reduction and improved immune function. .
Bygren, L. O.; Johansson, S.,‑E.; Konlaan, B., B., Grjibovski, A., M.; Wilkinson, A., V.; Sjöström, M.	Attending cultural events and cancer mortality: A Swedish cohort study.	Taken as a whole, these results underscore the possibility that attending cultural events could serve as a buffer against stress and could promote immune function. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Participatory arts projects can also be empowering, and help people gain control over their lives sometimes, as with Acting Ups work with severely disabled people, in a very practical sense. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Health and well-being looks at health benefits and education through the arts, and at peoples enjoyment of life. .
Grossi, E., ; Sacco, P.L., ; Blessi, G.T., ; Cerutti, R.,	The Impact of Culture on the Individual Subjective Well-Being of the Italian Population: An Exploratory Study	Participating in the arts and experiencing culture on a somewhat regular basis can have physical, mental and social effects. .
Grossi, E., ; Sacco, P.L., ; Blessi, G.T., ; Buscema, M.,	The Interaction Between Culture, Health and Psychological Well-Being: Data Mining from the Italian Culture and Well-Being Project	The purpose of this study is to understand the impact of health status and cultural participation upon psychological well-being, with special attention to the interaction between patterns of cultural access and other factors known to affect psychological well-being. .
Grossi, E., ; Sacco, P.L., ; Blessi, G.T., ; Buscema, M.,	The Interaction Between Culture, Health and Psychological Well-Being: Data Mining from the Italian Culture and Well-Being Project	The explanation of this phenomenon could be that cultural access acts as a sort of modulator of the disease-associated psychological burden of the perceived loss of well-being. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	This community empowerment through the arts can alleviate some of the adverse excesses of globalization. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	The different studies that have pointed out the successful results of incorporating art activities into the health care environment have covered aspects of improving mental and physical health, reducing stress, anxiety, symptoms of depression, the need for care service and medication and increasing the odds of survival. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	This report was oriented toward community arts projects, and sought to appraise ways in which the arts positively affect childrens feelings of good health. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Next, political and institutional interventions have been made in recognition of the successful role of culture and arts in creating safer environments by reducing and preventing crime. .
Fancourt, D.; Steptoe, A.; Cadar, D.	Cultural engagement and cognitive reserve: museum attendance and dementia incidence over a 10-year period	Consequently, activities that are mentally engaging, enjoyable, stress-reducing and socially interactive could be protective against the development of dementia, and in light of this, there has been a call for the identification of more affordable multimodal public health interventions to decrease the risk of dementia for individuals.6 A multimodal activity that combines a number of protective factors (including intellectual stimulation, light physical activity, positive affect, relaxation and social engagement through interaction with staff, fellow visitors or friends) is visiting museums, art galleries and exhibitions (hereafter referred to as museums).7-9 Previous studies have incorporated visiting museums within definitions of leisure activities in dementia research,10 or looked at the broader impact of attendance on people with dementia, finding benefits for cognitive performance, well-being, quality of life, self-esteem and social support.11 .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Measuring changes in subjective well‑being from engagement in the arts, culture and sport	Their results suggest that cultural activities, including visiting exhibitions, attending the theatre, reading books and attending concerts, contribute significantly to higher levels of reported well-being. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The health-related studies focus more on how the use of arts in therapy aids both the caregiver (by relieving stress or improving performance) and the patient (by relieving the anxiety that procedures such as surgery can engender or helping those with particular physical disabilities). .
Hill Strategies , R.,	Social Effects of the Arts: Exploratory Statistical Evidence.	While there are many other factors that could play a significant role in the social indicators examined in the report, the positive findings regarding art gallery visitors indicate that there may indeed be a link between art gallery visits and positive social engagement. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	Participation in the arts can interrupt negative and destructive patterns, building confidence, self-esteem and self-discipline; arts workshops can offer a relatively neutral territory within which those from different backgrounds and with different agendas can explore diversity and commonality .
Thomson, L. J.; Lockyer, B.; Camic, P. M.; Chatterjee, H. J.	Effects of a museum-based social prescription intervention on quantitative measures of psychological wellbeing in older adults	Research has shown that museum spaces and the collections they house provide opportunities for positive social interactions, calming experiences, learning and acquisition of new skills, leading to increased self-esteem, sense of identity, inspiration and opportunities for meaning making, in addition to reduced social isolation and decreased anxiety.7 .
Thomson, L. J.; Lockyer, B.; Camic, P. M.; Chatterjee, H. J.	Effects of a museum-based social prescription intervention on quantitative measures of psychological wellbeing in older adults	The social resources engendered by the museum-based programme directly increased the positive affect demonstrated by significant improvements in the wellbeing emotions, and it is likely that physical health for some participants will also improve; one participant reported that since taking part in the museum programme they felt more positive about my life and health and more determined to keep up my practice of photography and painting that required a level of physical fitness as the participant had formed a meet-up group to go sketching in and around a contemporary art gallery. .
Morse, N.; Thomson, L.J.M.; Brown, Z.; Chatterjee, H.J.	Effects of creative museum outreach sessions on measures of confidence, sociability and well-being for mental health and addiction recovery service-users	Overall, this preliminary study contributes to understanding how museum activities can make a positive contribution to recovery for MH and AR service-users by evidencing the effects of museum sessions on confidence, sociability and well-being. .
Hacking, S.; Secker, J.; Spandler, H.; Kent, L.; Shenton, J.	Evaluating the impact of participatory art projects for people with mental health needs.	Participatory art projects for people with mental health needs typically claim outcomes such as improvements in confidence, selfesteem, social participation and mental health. .
Hacking, S.; Secker, J.; Spandler, H.; Kent, L.; Shenton, J.	Evaluating the impact of participatory art projects for people with mental health needs.	Strong correlation between scores on the CORE and the empowerment measure may constitute a positive indication that art and mental health projects can benefit people with greater mental health needs as well as those with lower levels of need. .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	Results: The studies document that participation in activities in a spectrum from clinical arts interventions to non-clinical participatory arts programmes is beneficial and an effective way of using engagement in the arts to promote holistic approaches with health benefits. .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	Engagement in specially designed arts activities or arts therapies can reduce physical symptoms and improve mental health issues. .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	The mental health benefits of participatory arts are highlighted in numerous reports and reviews.2-4 Furthermore, there is a growing international evidence base showing the impact that the arts have on health and wellbeing of communities and individuals.5 .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	By suggesting that engagement in arts activities can be useful tools to address some of the global mental health challenging identified by WHO and other research, this article will focus on the various results from projects within a spectrum from clinical arts therapies to non-clinical participatory arts programmes associated with mental health benefits, for a range of populations including persons with physical ill health or mental health problems and health professionals. .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	The study showed that using art therapy could be an important strategy for controlling chronic disease as well as contributing to a feeling of reduced pain and increased wellbeing in women with chronic pain.18 In summary, there is good evidence that participation in meaningful creative activities can lead to improved mental health. .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	Non-clinical programmes: AOP There is good and variable documentation and evidence showing that non-clinical engagement in arts, culture and creative activities can increase mental health wellbeing of individuals who are experiencing mental health problems. .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	Despite some methodological limitations in the studies studied, it was found that the majority of staff members in the studies felt that engagement in art and cultural activities had a positive impact on health and wellbeing of patients. .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	CONCLUSION The selected studies document that engagement and participation in the arts - in a spectrum from clinical art therapy interventions to non-clinical, specially designed arts activities - can be effective ways of using non-medical interventions to promote holistic approaches with mental health benefits. .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	Arts activities have been documented as holistic, non-medical, low-cost interventions with the potential of promoting public mental health and wellbeing..
Walmsley, B.,	Deep hanging out in the arts: an anthropological approach to capturing cultural value	The arts seemed to provide an ideal vehicle for both participants and audiences to conceive of their anxieties in alternative ways and forms, and to explore them through different modes and lenses in order to effect change and heal. .
Walmsley, B.,	Deep hanging out in the arts: an anthropological approach to capturing cultural value	The fact that most of our co-researchers had been actively encouraged to engage in the arts as therapy was also significant in that it had visibly trained them to reflect on their artistic engagement and to consider this as a vehicle for wellness. .
Walmsley, B.,	Deep hanging out in the arts: an anthropological approach to capturing cultural value	Hanging out with our participants confirmed the positive role the arts can play in promoting positive mental health and wellbeing, and reflected Schopenhauers vision of the arts as a source of release and refuge from the anguish of everyday life. .
Fancourt D., Baxter L., Lorencatto F.	Barriers and enablers to engagement in participatory arts activities amongst individuals with depression and anxiety: Quantitative analyses using a behaviour change framework	Background: There is a large literature on the health benefits of engagement with the arts. .
Fancourt D., Baxter L., Lorencatto F.	Barriers and enablers to engagement in participatory arts activities amongst individuals with depression and anxiety: Quantitative analyses using a behaviour change framework	There is a large literature on the health benefits of engagement with the arts for mental health and wellbeing 1 . .
Fancourt D., Baxter L., Lorencatto F.	Barriers and enablers to engagement in participatory arts activities amongst individuals with depression and anxiety: Quantitative analyses using a behaviour change framework	This suggests that if certain factors could be addressed, people with poor mental health could be encouraged to engage more in arts activities. .
Fancourt D., Baxter L., Lorencatto F.	Barriers and enablers to engagement in participatory arts activities amongst individuals with depression and anxiety: Quantitative analyses using a behaviour change framework	Given the breadth of research showing the benefits of arts activities for improving symptoms of depression and anxiety and enhancing wellbeing, future studies are encouraged to explore whether behaviour change interventions could reduce inequities in participation..
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	In focusing upon processes and products of art-making, these social interactions helped to strengthen a sense of self that was not, within that art-making space, solely defined by caregiving, or burdened by everyday problems. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	Museums and art galleries are being increasingly recognised as having a role to play in promoting well-being, being rich in cultural heritage, offering a sanctuary from everyday stress and promoting cognitive and emotional exploration in a non-stigmatising setting (Camic and Chatterjee, 2013). .
Abbing A., Ponstein A., van Hooren S., de Sonneville L., Swaab H., Baars E.	The effectiveness of art therapy for anxiety in adults: A systematic review of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials	In conclusion, these findings lead us to expect that art therapy may be effective in the treatment of anxiety in adults as it may improve stress regulation, cognitive regulation and emotion regulation. .
Abbing A., Ponstein A., van Hooren S., de Sonneville L., Swaab H., Baars E.	The effectiveness of art therapy for anxiety in adults: A systematic review of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials	The described or hypothesized working mechanisms of art making are: induction of relaxation; working on emotion regulation by creating the safe condition for conscious expression and exploration of difficult emotions, memories and trauma; and working on cognitive regulation by using the art process to open up possibilities to investigate and (positively) change (unconscious) cognitions, beliefs and thoughts. .
Mckenzie M., Hutton T.	Culture-led Regeneration in the Post-industrial Built Environment: Complements and Contradictions in Victory Square, Vancouver	It must always be kept in mind that by increasing the access to arts and culture, it is possible to reduce the social and economic inequalities, and to create awareness and sense of belonging in the society and particularly in the local community. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	Historically, the performing arts have been vitally important not only to individuals in ill-health, but also an important contributor to the wellbeing and health maintenance of individuals without preexisting health, behavioural, or social issues. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	Further evidence suggests that music participation can contribute to building social capital as well as combating social isolation, which is important to good wellbeing and health across cultures and age-groups. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	Performing arts participation crucially relates to social determinants of health, particularly from the perspective of building social and cultural capital, encouraging healthy behaviours such as physical exercise and management of stress and mental health, and reducing social isolation. .
Funaro M.C., Rojiani R., Norton M.J.	Improving community well-being through collaborative initiatives at a medical library	Reasons for attending the sessions also varied, with the most common being to reduce stress or anxiety, to improve general well-being, and to develop a more positive outlook on life. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	There is evidence that participating in arts programmes within various care settings can have beneficial impacts on the physical health of patients and on their psychological wellbeing (Staricoff 2004). .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	Psychological benefits - gives meaning and purpose to life, reduces loneliness, combats depression. .
Twedt E., Proffitt D.R., Hearn D.L.	Art and aging: Digital projects for individuals with dementia	One method of reducing subjectively reported stress and improving mood for patients in healthcare settings is to modify the environment to include elements of nature and art. .
Beauchet O., Cooper-Brown L., Hayashi Y., Galery K., Vilcocq C., Bastien T.	Effects of thursdays at the Museum at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts on the mental and physical health of older community dwellers: The art-health randomized clinical trial protocol	Discussion: Art-based activities carried out at museums have been receiving increased interest from researchers and policy-makers because of their benefits to mental and physical health. .
Beauchet O., Cooper-Brown L., Hayashi Y., Galery K., Vilcocq C., Bastien T.	Effects of thursdays at the Museum at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts on the mental and physical health of older community dwellers: The art-health randomized clinical trial protocol	It has been shown that participatory art-based activities may improve aspects of mental health such as positive emotions and self-esteem 3-6 . .
Beauchet O., Cooper-Brown L., Hayashi Y., Galery K., Vilcocq C., Bastien T.	Effects of thursdays at the Museum at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts on the mental and physical health of older community dwellers: The art-health randomized clinical trial protocol	Art-based activities help patients, regardless of their disease, to build a sense of self, transforming the illness experience into a positive experience and improving patients well-being and quality of life 5-8 . .
Beauchet O., Cooper-Brown L., Hayashi Y., Galery K., Vilcocq C., Bastien T.	Effects of thursdays at the Museum at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts on the mental and physical health of older community dwellers: The art-health randomized clinical trial protocol	These mental and physical health benefits suggest that art-based activities may be effective interventions for frailty prevention in older community-dwellers. .
Tymoszuk U., Perkins R., Fancourt D., Williamon A.	Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between receptive arts engagement and loneliness among older adults	The evidence to date indicates that arts engagement in older age may serve as a multimodal intervention helping to prevent loneliness and enhance social interactions alongside other aspects of well-being and health. .
Rogers N.T., Fancourt D.	Cultural Engagement Is a Risk-Reducing Factor for Frailty Incidence and Progression	As studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of cultural engagement (including visiting museums/theatre/cinema) for many of the components of frailty, this study sought to explore whether community cultural engagement is associated both with a reduced risk of becoming frail and a slower trajectory of frailty progression in older adults. .
Konrath S.	Museums as Weavers of the Invisible Strings that Connect us	It then suggests that art museums can play a critical role in helping communities re-connect, by reenvisioning their roles as meaning makers in atime when peoples existential needs are threatened. .
Fancourt D., Steptoe A.	Cultural engagement and mental health: Does socio-economic status explain the association?	There is a growing body of literature suggesting that the arts can support mental health. .
Mastandrea S., Maricchiolo F., Carrus G., Giovannelli I., Giuliani V., Berardi D.	Visits to figurative art museums may lower blood pressure and stress	Background The research aimed to assess, through physiological measurements such as blood pressure and heart rate, whether exposure to art museums and to different art styles (figurative vs. modern art) was able to enhance visitors well-being in terms of relaxing and stress reduction. .
Monsuez J.-J., François V., Ratiney R., Trinchet I., Polomeni P., Sebbane G., Muller S., Litout M., Castagno C., Frandji D.	Museum moving to inpatients: Le louvre à l’hôpital	4. Discussion Art, music, cultural programs, and participatory-based art interventions have been shown to provide opportunities to enhance quality of life and to reduce hospital-related anxiety and depression in a large panel of inpatients 11-13 . .
Koebner I.J., Fishman S.M., Paterniti D., Sommer D., Witt C.M., Ward D., Joseph J.G.	The art of analgesia: A pilot study of art museum tours to decrease pain and social disconnection among individuals with chronic pain	One possibility is to develop interventions that target the social context in which pain is suffered through public health partnerships with organizations outside of the health care sector that may facilitate a sense of social connection, such as museums. .
Koebner I.J., Fishman S.M., Paterniti D., Sommer D., Witt C.M., Ward D., Joseph J.G.	The art of analgesia: A pilot study of art museum tours to decrease pain and social disconnection among individuals with chronic pain	In addition, given the observation that pain can be modulated at cortical levels by the aesthetic content of stimuli, the museums art collection itself may help to reduce pain 24 . .
Koebner I.J., Fishman S.M., Paterniti D., Sommer D., Witt C.M., Ward D., Joseph J.G.	The art of analgesia: A pilot study of art museum tours to decrease pain and social disconnection among individuals with chronic pain	Although ambulation in any context may aggravate certain pain conditions, considering the potential of museums to facilitate a sense of social connection and that social connection may have analgesic properties 9-11,25 , we hypothesize that tours of a museum offered to individuals with chronic pain may decrease perceived social disconnection and pain. .
Koebner I.J., Fishman S.M., Paterniti D., Sommer D., Witt C.M., Ward D., Joseph J.G.	The art of analgesia: A pilot study of art museum tours to decrease pain and social disconnection among individuals with chronic pain	Socially based interventions for individuals with chronic pain supported by health care organizations, such as Art Rx, may help to mitigate not only the experience of isolation, but also the distressing associations that many individuals with chronic pain have with the health care system. .
Morse N., Chatterjee H.	Museums, health and wellbeing research: co-developing a new observational method for people with dementia in hospital contexts	Museum-based activities for wellbeing broadly include supported museum visiting, object handling, volunteering and a range of creative activities inspired from the sectors wide-ranging museum collections, from art making to performing arts and music. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	Purpose: Arts and cultural activities have been illustrated to be beneficial for mental health service users. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	The purpose of this paper is to explore the benefits of museum visits and engage in arts activities for mental health service users. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	Many studies have illustrated that users of mental health services experience a range of benefits from engagement in arts activities. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	It aims to highlight the benefits and challenges for mental health service users engaging in arts activities and to understand some of the issues that may occur in practice in the interdisciplinary field of arts and health. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	When asked about visiting a museum, it was commented on as being inspirational, useful and positive as part of a recovery for mental health service users. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	Additionally, the comment offered by another service user, describing how arts engagement had stopped her suicidal thoughts, further illustrates that engagement in arts has the ability to create meaning in life. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	These findings illustrate that engaging in arts activities allows a healthy disconnection from concerns and can combat negative thoughts, resulting in health rewards such as relaxation, entering a flow, and making new connections where none existed before which can empower the individual. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	In this way, interdisciplinary collaborations between health and the arts can promote recovery, given that the professionals involved understand recovery and, as a minimum, have basic mental health awareness..
Mastandrea S., Fagioli S., Biasi V.	Art and psychological well-being: Linking the brain to the aesthetic emotion	Empirical studies suggest that art improves health and well-being among individuals. .
Mastandrea S., Fagioli S., Biasi V.	Art and psychological well-being: Linking the brain to the aesthetic emotion	Linking the Brain to Aesthetic Experience The studies reviewed so far demonstrated that the aesthetic value of artwork and their use in educational programs may affect psychological and physiological states, thus promoting well-being and enhancing learning. .
Mastandrea S., Fagioli S., Biasi V.	Art and psychological well-being: Linking the brain to the aesthetic emotion	Nevertheless, these different approaches to aesthetic evaluation may have different implications for a strategic use of art as tool for promoting well-being and health. .
Mastandrea S., Fagioli S., Biasi V.	Art and psychological well-being: Linking the brain to the aesthetic emotion	Deeper understanding of the dynamic relationship between bottom-up stimulus properties and top-down cognitive appraisal on emotional experience during the aesthetic appreciation of an artwork might be useful to effective use of art-based tools for promoting individual health and well-being. .
Saavedra J., Arias S., Crawford P., Pérez E.	Impact of creative workshops for people with severe mental health problems: art as a means of recovery	Conclusions: Creative activities may cause a transformation of the image of dysfunction associated with mental illness as well as promoting health and recovery. .
Saavedra J., Arias S., Crawford P., Pérez E.	Impact of creative workshops for people with severe mental health problems: art as a means of recovery	Giving art as a present or guiding others in a museum visit are activities that motivate, increase their self-esteem and can help re-elaborate their identity. .
Saavedra J., Arias S., Crawford P., Pérez E.	Impact of creative workshops for people with severe mental health problems: art as a means of recovery	The joined-up approaches to participation from community groups, professionals and service users in creative practices in non-clinical contexts could reduce public stigma and improve their psychological well-being (mutual recovery). .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	The present study sought to understand, how museum-based social prescribing programs reduced social isolation for older people, by determining the specific elements and processes involved, and how these interacted to create a social and physical environment that enhanced psychological wellbeing. .
Wilson L., Bryant W., Reynolds F., Lawson J.	Therapeutic outcomes in a museum? “You dont get them by aiming for them”. How a focus on arts participation promotes inclusion and well-being	This raises interesting questions about the emphasis of community arts projects when used to promote health and wellbeing. .
Wilson L., Bryant W., Reynolds F., Lawson J.	Therapeutic outcomes in a museum? “You dont get them by aiming for them”. How a focus on arts participation promotes inclusion and well-being	For example, providing mental health awareness training for the museum staff proved most valuable. .
Ketch R.A., Rubin R.T., Baker M.R., Sones A.C., Ames D.	Art appreciation for veterans with severe mental illness in a VA Psychosocial Rehabilitation and Recovery Center	The Art Appreciation class offers the opportunity to further investigate art appreciation as a vehicle for psychological growth and improved mental health. .
Paddon H.L., Thomson L.J.M., Menon U., Lanceley A.E., Chatterjee H.J.	Mixed methods evaluation of well-being benefits derived from a heritage-in-health intervention with hospital patients	Thus, addressing meaning may be a fruitful approach to clinical interventions aimed at helping people recover from these highly stressful experiences. .
Ander E.E., Thomson L.J.M., Blair K., Noble G., Menon U., Lanceley A., Chatterjee H.J.	Using museum objects to improve wellbeing in mental health service users and neurological rehabilitation clients	This research employed museum object handling to enhance health and wellbeing, with the aim of examining the impact of the sessions on emotions, feelings and life experiences, as encouraged through tactile interaction with museum objects. .
Ander E.E., Thomson L.J.M., Blair K., Noble G., Menon U., Lanceley A., Chatterjee H.J.	Using museum objects to improve wellbeing in mental health service users and neurological rehabilitation clients	In line with Symonss et als (2011) research, involving participants with neurological conditions undergoing rehabilitation using art materials, engagement with museum objects helped to increase enjoyment and positive emotion for around two-thirds of the clients in this study. .
Deane K., Fitch M., Carman M.	An innovative art therapy program for cancer patients.	Evaluation of the art therapy/museum education program demonstrated many benefits for cancer patients including support, psychological strength, and new insights about their cancer experience..
Deane K., Fitch M., Carman M.	An innovative art therapy program for cancer patients.	Art therapy helped them both to reflect on difficult or negative thoughts and to nurture positive feelings about themselves. .
Deane K., Fitch M., Carman M.	An innovative art therapy program for cancer patients.	The art therapy program facilitated their identification and exploration of deeper feelings and strengthened their ability to balance their cancer experience with other aspects of their lives: I think art... il's a very sublie process. .
Camic P.M., Baker E.L., Tischler V.	Theorizing how art gallery interventions impact people with dementia and their caregivers	Enjoyable, intellectually stimulating activities, such as viewing and making visual art, engaged both those with dementia and caregivers, thus providing an activity that they participated in together and which had a positive impact on their relationship. .
Camic P.M., Baker E.L., Tischler V.	Theorizing how art gallery interventions impact people with dementia and their caregivers	Offering programs to people with dementia, in a valued place such as an art gallery, facilitated intellectual stimulation, and social interaction, which in turn helped to promote positive affect, relational benefits, and changed perceptions of dementia. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	Finally, arts enabled older people of all capacities to engage in meaningful social participation and make a valued contribution to their relationships and communities, indicating the potential of participatory arts to alleviate loneliness and social isolation experienced in care homes. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	In addition, residents with cognitive impairments were able to express themselves through the arts, which may make it easier for them to engage with others. .
Curtis A., Gibson L., O’Brien M., Roe B.	Systematic review of the impact of arts for health activities on health, wellbeing and quality of life of older people living in care homes	There is also evidence that arts for health activities may be particularly beneficial for those with existing clinical need, such as pre-existing depression and anxiety. .
Boyce M., Bungay H., Munn-Giddings C., Wilson C.	The impact of the arts in healthcare on patients and service users: A critical review	There is evidence that arts interventions have positive effects on psychological and physiological outcomes on patients in a hospital environment. .
Boyce M., Bungay H., Munn-Giddings C., Wilson C.	The impact of the arts in healthcare on patients and service users: A critical review	The findings from this review further support the growing body of evidence that strongly attests to the benefits and positive impact on the health and well-being of patients/ service users in introducing arts activities into a variety of healthcare settings. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Working from the belief that art is a healing tool, the Downtown Eastside Centre for the Arts has created opportunities to affect personal change by providing guided art practice in a safe and supportive setting. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Consequently, researchers and others have recognised the potential for the arts to encourage positive health outcomes by providing effective treatment and support to alleviate health issues while also protecting against future ill health. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The earlier mentioned studies provide a preliminary knowledge base to understand how participating in the arts can encourage favourable individual and family level health behaviours, and access to culturally safe services. .
Vetter D., Barth J., Uyulmaz S., Uyulmaz S., Vonlanthen R., Belli G., Montorsi M., Bismuth H., Witt C.M., Clavien P.-A.	Effects of art on surgical patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis	Thus, if a change in environment can achieve such an impact, the effect of many art features and interventions on patients might also contribute to positive health outcomes. .
Gillam T.	Enhancing public mental health and wellbeing through creative arts participation	If we apply this to the arts, it is easy to see how participation in arts activities might promote both a positive state of mind and body and a sense of connection with people, communities and the wider environment. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Jetten J., Rowan C.	Identification with arts-based groups improves mental wellbeing in adults with chronic mental health conditions	This study indicates that engaging in programmes run by arts professionals is an accessible and enjoyable way for people with CMHC to make meaningful social connections and enhance their wellbeing which could facilitate social recovery (Tew et al., 2012). .
Vettraino E., Linds W., Jindal-Snape D.	Embodied voices: using applied theatre for co-creation with marginalised youth	Preliminary findings from this study appear to support the broader literature base around the arts as beneficial approaches to affecting positive change and behaviours around well-being. .
Węziak-Białowolska D.	Attendance of cultural events and involvement with the arts—impact evaluation on health and well-being from a Swiss household panel survey	Introduction There is a strong argument for engagement in the creative cultural activities as beneficial for health and well-being.1e4 Active cultural participation has been shown to be, not only strongly associated with healthy behaviour3 and mental well-being3e5 but also to convey health promotion messages6 and reduce social exclusion.6,7 Passive cultural participation, by comparison, proved to be effective in stress and anxietyreduction therapies for coronary disease patients (listening to music),8 associated with lower cancer-related mortality,9 lower cardiovascular risk3 and better mental well-being3 leading to improved social engagement.6,10 Despite strong advocacy for, and widespread acceptance of, creative cultural activities and cultural attendance as determinants for mental and physical health, as well as for well-being11 and social inclusion,7,11 to the best of our knowledge, reported evaluations of a causative influence of creative engagement with the arts or passive cultural participation on population health and well-being with the survey data are scarce. .
Bunn C., Kalinga C., Mtema O., Abdulla S., DIllip A., Lwanda J., Mtenga S.M., Sharp J., Strachan Z., Gray C.M.	Arts-based approaches to promoting health in sub-Saharan Africa: A scoping review	As well as offering novel modes of enquiry and reaching large populations, some arts-based approaches have been able to succeed in engaging their participants in changes which are beneficial for health. .
Clapp L.A., Taylor E.P., Di Folco S., Mackinnon V.L.	Effectiveness of art therapy with pediatric populations affected by medical health conditions: a systematic review	The use of visual art therapy interventions within health care and clinical settings serve to promote psychological health for young patients in an environment which may indirectly affect and cause mental distress. .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Joice S., Kroll T., Mead G., Donnan P., Toma M., Williams B.	Art participation for psychosocial wellbeing during stroke rehabilitation: a feasibility randomised controlled trial	Art participation as part of rehabilitation may improve some aspects of post-stroke wellbeing, including positive affect and self-efficacy for art. .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Joice S., Kroll T., Mead G., Donnan P., Toma M., Williams B.	Art participation for psychosocial wellbeing during stroke rehabilitation: a feasibility randomised controlled trial	Models of psychological care after stroke 11 suggest activities including art participation within stroke rehabilitation, may enhance wellbeing, preventing escalation to more serious psychological problems. .
Secker J., Heydinrych K., Kent L., Keay J.	Why art? Exploring the contribution to mental well-being of the creative aspects and processes of visual art-making in an arts and mental health course	It therefore seems reasonable to conclude that the creative aspects of art courses did play an important part in improving participants mental well-being, in addition to any benefits derived from the social interaction involved in such courses. .
Nielsen S.L., Fich L.B., Roesslerb K.K., Mullins M.F.	How do patients actually experience and use art in hospitals? The significance of interaction: A user-oriented experimental case study	The study shows that art contributes to creating an environment and atmosphere where patients can feel safe, socialize, maintain a connection to the world outside the hospital and support their identity. .
Nielsen S.L., Fich L.B., Roesslerb K.K., Mullins M.F.	How do patients actually experience and use art in hospitals? The significance of interaction: A user-oriented experimental case study	Patients experienced that art had the potential to positively distract them from uncomfortable situations of illness, by directly addressing their memories of themselves as individual, social and cultural beings. .
Goulding A.	How can contemporary art contribute toward the development of social and cultural capital for people aged 64 and older	This group may be particularly vulnerable in terms of well-being; so, more needs to be known about ways in which arts interventions can improve their lives. .
Lankston L., Cusack P., Fremantle C., Isles C.	Visual art in hospitals: Case studies and review of the evidence	We were particularly interested in the evidence that carefully chosen visual art might improve patient wellbeing or even outcomes. .
Lankston L., Cusack P., Fremantle C., Isles C.	Visual art in hospitals: Case studies and review of the evidence	There is, moreover, considerable evidence that mental health can be improved by participation in arts projects (see www.artfull.org). .
Garrido, Gemma et al 2016	Music & Wellbeing	Facilitating contact between people with and without mental illness by creating a common artistic project prevents social isolation of SMI and promotes the wellbeing..
Ander, E.; Thomson, L.; Lanceley, A.; Menon, U.; Noble, G.	Heritage, Health and Wellbeing: Assessing the impact of a heritage focused intervention on health and wellbeing.	Their research has resulted in the articulation of the Interactive Learning Model which proposes that the physical environment, the social context, the personal background of the museum visitor and subsequent experiences, all affect the learning that happens during a museum visit. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	We saw the project as an opportunity to educate our team more in these areas as well as to create new opportunities for artists within our influence. .
Sandell, R.,	Social inclusion, the museum and the dynamics of sectoral change.	Recent research suggests that museums can contribute towards social inclusion at individual, community and societal levels. .
Sandell, R.,	Social inclusion, the museum and the dynamics of sectoral change.	At a community level, museums can act as a catalyst for social regeneration, empowering communities to increase their self-determination and develop the confidence and skills to take greater control over their lives and the development of the neighbourhoods in which they live. .
Sandell, R.,	Social inclusion, the museum and the dynamics of sectoral change.	What are the characteristics held by those museums that have successfully engaged with issues of social inclusion and how can these be developed and built upon throughout the sector? .
Thomson, L. J.; Lockyer, B.; Camic, P. M.; Chatterjee, H. J.	Effects of a museum-based social prescription intervention on quantitative measures of psychological wellbeing in older adults	When interviewed, many participants highlighted the opportunity to handle museum objects and engage with collections and curators; they commented on learning new information and being absorbed by it, and acquiring new skills, which could account for increases in the absorbed and enlightened items of the measure. .
Thomson, L. J.; Lockyer, B.; Camic, P. M.; Chatterjee, H. J.	Effects of a museum-based social prescription intervention on quantitative measures of psychological wellbeing in older adults	Many museums have skills and expertise suitable for wider audiences such as disadvantaged, vulnerable and older adults and can provide access-appropriate community spaces within inspirational environments. .
Thomson, L. J.; Lockyer, B.; Camic, P. M.; Chatterjee, H. J.	Effects of a museum-based social prescription intervention on quantitative measures of psychological wellbeing in older adults	Participants in the Museums on Prescription study rated highly the experiences of feeling absorbed and enlightened by the sessions and commented on the opportunities afforded by the museum-based activities to acquire new learning and develop new skills. .
Morse, N.; Thomson, L.J.M.; Brown, Z.; Chatterjee, H.J.	Effects of creative museum outreach sessions on measures of confidence, sociability and well-being for mental health and addiction recovery service-users	The central aims were to facilitate positive opportunities for participants and develop new museum audiences. .
Horton, S., ; Spence, J.,	Scoping the economic and social impact of archives.	The professional cohort were also deeply aware of the potential for museums to contribute to social change and public awareness, in meeting social inclusion agendas. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	Here it is important to also acknowledge the variety of different museum audiences, in order to explore the ways in which different visitors use museums. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	They may also be understood as attempts to make social history accessible and relevant to the different audiences that these museums aim to attract. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	More broadly these initiatives can be seen as part of a changing emphasis within museums aiming not just to care for and display their existing collections but to mount exhibitions which better reflect the social worlds of their visitors. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	It was through the visitors engagement with the material that additional meaning-making was produced. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	One intention was that it would attract visitors to the museum who were engaged by the ideas and approach of the project. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	If museums are to facilitate greater social inclusion and sustain the interest of a wider range of visiting publics then their collections and exhibitions need to be inclusive and relevant to these different audiences. .
Biondi L., Demartini P., Marchegiani L., Marchiori M., Piber M.	Understanding orchestrated participatory cultural initiatives: Mapping the dynamics of governance and participation	Furthermore, cultural professionals, urban and regional planners, policy makers, institutions and citizens get new insights for designing and managing cultural projects. .
Thomson L.J., Morse N., Elsden E., Chatterjee H.J.	Art, nature and mental health: assessing the biopsychosocial effects of a ‘creative green prescription’ museum programme involving horticulture, artmaking and collections	At the same time, there is some indication that this unique combination of physical and creative activities, and the outdoor and indoor museum spaces, may allow for additional benefits, as participants were able to engage in individual and group pursuits. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	Lotte sees museums as places for both visual learning, stimulation of new ideas for her own artwork and as a source for gaining new knowledge. .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	Museum as a positive enabler Museum programs within a welcoming and stimulating place enabled new experiences, relational processes and individual journeys; the facilitator, physical space and activities were all contributors in this process. .
Roe B., McCormick S., Lucas T., Gallagher W., Winn A., Elkin S.	Coffee, Cake & Culture: Evaluation of an art for health programme for older people in the community	The programme was part of the emerging work of the gallery and museum (in-reach and out-reach) with the community to promote access to their collections, share knowledge and learning, social engagement and participation in cultural and creative arts activities. .
Expansion of this evidence base is crucial if museums, and the wider cultural sector, are to demonstrate their value to society in the health and well-being arena, but considerable opportunities, as well as challenges, exist for such organisations and their audiences if they choose to adapt and expand their offerings..
Ketch R.A., Rubin R.T., Baker M.R., Sones A.C., Ames D.	Art appreciation for veterans with severe mental illness in a VA Psychosocial Rehabilitation and Recovery Center	This experience introduces veterans to museums to view original art first-hand and to consider the museums as community resources for further exploration on their own. .
Ander E.E., Thomson L.J.M., Blair K., Noble G., Menon U., Lanceley A., Chatterjee H.J.	Using museum objects to improve wellbeing in mental health service users and neurological rehabilitation clients	Similarly, discussing and handling museum objects with others, and contributing associated personal knowledge or life experiences, could help endorse a sense of achievement and increased confidence in participants, in addition to positive emotions such as self esteem. .
Camic P.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museums and art galleries as partners for public health interventions	Museums can be places that encourage people to learn about themselves, their culture and society, and the larger world around them. .
Rocha V., Schall V.T., Lemos E.D.S.	The contribution of a science museum towards formation of healthcare concepts among young visitors A contribuição de um museu de ciências na formação de concepções sobre saúde de jovens visitantes	We can consider , for means of evidence found , that the museum contributed offering an environment favorable to the exchange of meanings important for understanding content related to science , health and environment what facilitated learning . .
Mantziou L.	Museum Cluster as Urban Defibrillator	The urban design of museum clusters redefines the public space and potentially enhances the social, cultural and economic development of the city. .
Cristina M., Loreta C., Daniel P., George M., Cristian D., Radu P.	The role of technical museums in the regeneration of industrial functionally, restructured regions (Romania)	Thus, technical museums become a means of conveying a positive image of industrial towns, which can evolve towards a higher level of efficiency, and become cultural tourist centers and at the same time sources of definition of the local culture for future generations. .
Dean C., Donnellan C., Pratt A.C.	Tate Modern: Pushing the limits of regeneration	In doing so, a new type of a museum was created accessible to a wide audience and that offers a broad visual and cultural experience. .
Langdridge D., Gabb J., Lawson J.	Art as a pathway to impact: Understanding the affective experience of public engagement with film	These insights are valuable for improving our own work in engaging different publics and also may assist other researchers who might want to employ similar methods in their own impact activities. .
Johansson E.L., Isgren E.	Local perceptions of land-use change: Using participatory art to reveal direct and indirect socioenvironmental effects of land acquisitions in Kilombero Valley, Tanzania	Art in participatory research Art and science both attempt to capture the world around us in creative and innovative ways to create novel knowledge and awareness. .
Secker J., Heydinrych K., Kent L., Keay J.	Why art? Exploring the contribution to mental well-being of the creative aspects and processes of visual art-making in an arts and mental health course	As well as enabling the group to bond through spending a full day together, the visit aims to broaden perceptions of what a gallery can offer and what participants themselves can achieve through exploring exhibits and discussion of individual art practice. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	The cultural activities provide opportunities to enjoy public areas, to interact and to meet new people. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	In turn, a few reports found that social interaction and contact stimulated through engagement in the arts helps to develop trust with others and to establish networks. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	In general, cultural activities are claimed to provide opportunities to enjoy public areas, to interact and to meet new people. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Additionally, by enrolling in leisure and cultural activities social interaction among different users of the centres is also stimulated. .
Montalto, V., ; Campagna, D., ; Caperna, G.,	Does Culture Make a Better Citizen? Exploring the Relationship Between Cultural and Civic Participation in Italy	At operational level, the development of strategic partnerships between civil society organisations, on the one hand, and innovative cultural and creative organisations, on the other, could help approach new audiences as well as strengthen the virtuous cycle that links cultural participation and civic life. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	Being involved in cultural pursuits similar to peers and thus being able to communicate and socialize with them seem important in college students context. .
Fancourt, D.; Steptoe, A.; Cadar, D.	Cultural engagement and cognitive reserve: museum attendance and dementia incidence over a 10-year period	Further, visiting museums can be seen as a specific type of social engagement: visiting can reduce perceived isolation by encouraging people to leave their homes, it is an activity that is frequently a focal point for meeting family/friends, and even if people attend alone, there is casual social contact with museum staff and/or other visitors. .
Delanaey, L., ; Keaney, E.,	Cultural Participation, Social Capital and Civil Renewal in the United Kingdom: Statistical Evidence from National and International Survey Data.	Promoting membership of these groups may therefore be a useful mechanism for putting the disillusioned or inactive in touch with others who are still active civil participants. .
Hill Strategies , R.,	Social Effects of the Arts: Exploratory Statistical Evidence.	The links to social engagement could be stronger for more frequent participants or participants in many different cultural activities. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	That shows that collaborations between different cultural contexts can work rather well providing that there is a critical mass of cultural general shared places, which enables the dialogue between local community and visiting artists. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Working with audiences is not a one-way thing: it is about building relationships to help each other. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	These materials are also used to spread information, topics, to start developing a sense of belonging among people with the same interests, passions, habits and to generate curiosity. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Extending this idea, it was mentioned that participation starts where communication and interaction begin and this makes research (on people to be engaged in cultural consumption) a good start. .
Blessi, G.T., ; Tremblay , D., G.; Sandri, M., ; Pilati, T.,	New trajectories in urban regeneration processes: Cultural capital as source of human and social capital accumulation – Evidence from the case of Tohu in Montreal	The opportunities provided by not only attending cultural activities but also being an active participant in them will prompt the establishment of social networking, mutual acquaintance and relationships with other individuals and communities. .
Sandell, R.,	Social inclusion, the museum and the dynamics of sectoral change.	For some inclusion initiatives, museums will require staff who hold an in-depth understanding of diverse potential audiences and who are aware of networks that will provide routes into the community. .
Landry, C., ; Bianchini, F.,	The Creative City	Public spaces can also act as catalysts by attracting different types of people and encouraging interaction. .
Morse, N.; Thomson, L.J.M.; Brown, Z.; Chatterjee, H.J.	Effects of creative museum outreach sessions on measures of confidence, sociability and well-being for mental health and addiction recovery service-users	Sociability Museum sessions encouraged interaction between service-users many of whom did not know each other beforehand. .
Morse, N.; Thomson, L.J.M.; Brown, Z.; Chatterjee, H.J.	Effects of creative museum outreach sessions on measures of confidence, sociability and well-being for mental health and addiction recovery service-users	Another theme identified in the research, visiting new places, showed how programmes might contribute to positioning museums within broadening social networks and, following Chatterjee and Noble (2013), establishing museums as part of a wider sense of social capital. .
Windle, G.; Gregory, S.; Howson-Griffiths, T.; Newman, A.; O Brien, D.; Gouldin, A.	Exploring the theoretical foundations of visual art programmes for people living with dementia	Such community settings can enable participants to interact socially not just with each other, but also with the general public. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Furthermore, as diversity of activities increases through revitalization projects, residents can be provided with more and different opportunities for social interaction and, hence, develop different networks. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Civic engagement is also present in the platform provided for cultural associations within the communities to meet and collaborate. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	In recent years the relationship between museums and their visitors has been subject to much discussion in relation to debates about the role that these institutions can play in widening participation and tackling social exclusion. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	The changing emphasis within the museum sector on outreach, social inclusion, and engagement, has arguably made museums more receptive to displays of and engagement with popular culture. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	Future peer-learning schemes would be helpful to: - Foster social inclusion through culture, including newcomers (refugees); - Attract new and more diverse audiences; - Better work with local communities and residents, increasing participation, bringing culture outside city centres (including in difficult areas), guiding people to culture. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	Local authorities should set up networking opportunities (matchmaking, training session, conferences, workshops, cultural cafes, etc.) that facilitate the exchange of information, knowledge and ideas between various actors, entities and disciplines by favouring an environment of sociability and conviviality. .
Mc L.J., Harrison I.R.	The effects of built environment design on opportunities for wellbeing in care homes	These focal points in the layout of the circulation spaces of the homes created opportunities for increased interest and social connection both for residents and between staff. .
Cantillon Z., Baker S.	DIY Heritage Institutions as Third Places: Caring, Community and Wellbeing Among Volunteers at the Australian Jazz Museum	Mavis then went on to explain that creating connections and forming bonds is one of the most rewarding aspects of her role hosting museum visitors and running tours allows plenty of opportunities to meet new people, and her fellow volunteers are a lovely, wonderful group to work with, and you get such a lot of benefit from it. .
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	Adult education classes, at least those in creative subjects, may thus act as a crucible of positive social mixing that spreads to the wider community, thus promoting greater community engagement, integration and cohesion. .
Kelly M., Rivas C., Foell J., Llewellyn-Dunn J., England D., Cocciadiferro A., Hull S.	Unmasking quality: Exploring meanings of health by doing art	Links were made between the community and local researchers building social capital through helping people see the value of their skills, and through conversations, many of which were necessarily transcultural. .
Peterson M.	Living with difference in hyper-diverse areas: how important are encounters in semi-public spaces? Vécu de la différence dans les quartiers hyper-divers : importance des rencontres dans les espaces semi-publics El vivir con lo diferente en zonas excesivamente diversas: ¿cuán importantes son los encuentros en espacios semi-públicos?	As the community-centres atmosphere stimulates engagement, visitors feel somewhat obligated to talk to others. .
Thomson L.J., Morse N., Elsden E., Chatterjee H.J.	Art, nature and mental health: assessing the biopsychosocial effects of a ‘creative green prescription’ museum programme involving horticulture, artmaking and collections	Positive engagement was enhanced by facilitators and museum staff who recognised that participants were more than just their diagnosis. .
Beauchet O., Cooper-Brown L., Hayashi Y., Galery K., Vilcocq C., Bastien T.	Effects of thursdays at the Museum at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts on the mental and physical health of older community dwellers: The art-health randomized clinical trial protocol	In addition, these art-based activities are performed in groups, which stimulates social interaction and engagement 7 . .
Tymoszuk U., Perkins R., Fancourt D., Williamon A.	Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between receptive arts engagement and loneliness among older adults	Most recently, museum-based programs for isolated older adults were also found to foster social inclusion by enabling social interactions and cultivation of meaningful relationships 21 . .
Konrath S.	Museums as Weavers of the Invisible Strings that Connect us	It ends by providing specific suggestions that art museums can try to re-connect people in their communities. .
Konrath S.	Museums as Weavers of the Invisible Strings that Connect us	But these starting points are incomplete without conversations and collaborations, among and between art museum practitioners and their stakeholders. .
Saavedra J., Arias S., Crawford P., Pérez E.	Impact of creative workshops for people with severe mental health problems: art as a means of recovery	Participants explain how, sometimes, the creative workshops in the CAAC have helped them to meet new people and make new friends that they continue to meet and join in activities with outside the museum. .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	To meaningfully support socially isolated older people as part of local public health strategies, museums need to be accessible and engaging places that purposively support social interaction by involving people and objects, participating in multiple sessions over time, that are facilitated by skilled and knowledgeable staff. .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	Relational processes The programs were aimed at people who were socially isolated and as such, the extent to which museums create opportunities for social interactions and relationship building is pivotal. .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	Along with considerations for place and length of time, the role of the facilitator as museum expert and as a socially engaging and welcoming person, was seen to be essential. .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	Longer term museum programs, such as those employed in the current study, can contribute to initiating and developing friendships. .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	Similarly, by utilizing follow-up interviews there was a sense participants reflected on their experiences and consolidated their experiences and learning, often by sharing the knowledge with others; this also provided information about contact between participants, and how the museum experience enabled subsequent connections and activities elsewhere over time. .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	Perhaps social programs such as those in museums will initially appeal to people with a stronger sense of self and existing social networks. .
Roe B., McCormick S., Lucas T., Gallagher W., Winn A., Elkin S.	Coffee, Cake & Culture: Evaluation of an art for health programme for older people in the community	It gives them things to talk about with residents and it helps them bond with the residents - builds relationships. .
Mihailidis P., Gamwell A.	Designing Engagement in Local News: Using FOIA Requests to Create Inclusive Participatory Journalism Practices	Providing avenues for more engagement with communities can give journalists more chances for connection. .
Gulliver A., Pike G., Banfield M., Morse A.R., Katruss N., Pescud M., McMaster M., Valerius H., West S.	Evaluation of the Music Engagement Program for people with Alzheimers disease and dementia: Study protocol for a pilot trial	The aim is to use music to facilitate social interaction and engagement between residents, staff, and the music facilitator. .
Vettraino E., Linds W., Jindal-Snape D.	Embodied voices: using applied theatre for co-creation with marginalised youth	In particular, the arts have been shown to improve the ability for some marginalised young people to form stronger social and group bonds, to identify with positive outlooks for future opportunities and find communication and interaction with others easier. .
Goulding A.	How can contemporary art contribute toward the development of social and cultural capital for people aged 64 and older	He hypothesizes that the consumption of art-related culture facilitates conversations necessary for acquaintances to develop into friendships. .
Scott S.D., Brett-MacLean P., Archibald M., Hartling L.	Protocol for a systematic review of the use of narrative storytelling and visual-arts-based approaches as knowledge translation tools in healthcare.	The arts are powerful, accessible forms of communication that have the potential to impart knowledge by attracting interest and developing meaningful connections. .
Mc L.J., Harrison I.R.	The effects of built environment design on opportunities for wellbeing in care homes	Also, the availability of a choice of spaces provided destinations to encourage walking and physical activity (I149, L210). .
Konrath S.	Museums as Weavers of the Invisible Strings that Connect us	Consider how to encourage people to connect with nature and enjoy quiet moments of reflection on museum grounds. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	such examples show how cultural institutions have adopted participatory art to extend access to their programmes, collections and facilities. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Alongside these the outreach worker has run a programme of participatory activities, often led by artists, to introduce new visitors to the museum: weekday use by groups of older or disabled people is now common. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	Increased civic participation is a consequence of a dynamic and diverse cultural scene in the community. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The participatory activity initiated by Be SpectACTive! helped us to reach a wider perspective on how to involve the audience and realise interchanges among artists, audience and cultural institution. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	In recent years, the number of participatory or collective creation shows has increased considerably with the aim of integrating diverse groups into the community. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Audience development is a strategic, dynamic and interactive process of making the arts widely accessible. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Social Regeneration Promotion of cultural access and participation should involve meeting cultural expectations of residents; providing public participation in the regeneration process; providing opportunity for public to involve in culture and arts activities; increasing involvement and activity of volunteering groups through cultural activities; stimulating creativity of individuals through cultural activities; supporting educational development of children; strengthening contact between generations; supporting quality of life of unhealthy people; representing different cultural identities clearly; corresponding need of enjoyment. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Festivals provide interesting examples of how the interplay of space and art can foster participation and exchange. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	This new marketing strategy could serve as a tool for cultural access, helping laypersons in entering the cultural realm, through the opportunities provided, for example, by interacting and participating in cultural programming. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Also, there could be ways of empowering young people who take friends with them to see culture. .
Sandell, R.,	Social inclusion, the museum and the dynamics of sectoral change.	Lastly, museums, through the representation of inclusive communities within collections and displays, have the potential to promote tolerance, inter-community respect and to challenge stereotypes. .
Sandell, R.,	Social inclusion, the museum and the dynamics of sectoral change.	Social Inclusion and the Emergence of Associated Change Imperatives Demands for increased accessibility and a desire to broaden museums visitor profiles have preoccupied the sector for many years. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Through public consultation forums, workshops and exhibitions, the general public can become involved in the planning and design of urban renewal projects and the decision-making processes concerning the use of the heritage sites. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	At the same time, cultural clusters spur civic engagement; cultural participants tend to be involved in other community activities, and neighborhoods with many cultural organizations also have concentrations of other social organizations. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	The exhibition was developed with the aim of attracting the interest of the broad range of visitors who regularly attended the host museum from school groups to older visitors. .
Mckenzie M., Hutton T.	Culture-led Regeneration in the Post-industrial Built Environment: Complements and Contradictions in Victory Square, Vancouver	Being the stage of many national and international activities, this building is conducting culture-led activities for many different groups of the community. .
Biondi L., Demartini P., Marchegiani L., Marchiori M., Piber M.	Understanding orchestrated participatory cultural initiatives: Mapping the dynamics of governance and participation	In particular, a participatory approach to cultural and creative initiatives entails civic engagement for creating and sharing cultural projects, events and experiences. .
Evans G.	Participation and provision in arts & culture – bridging the divide	In this case the strategy was to both increase access and attendance and thus increase frequency of cultural engagement by local residents -new and established. .
Konrath S.	Museums as Weavers of the Invisible Strings that Connect us	For example, art museums could work with other local arts groups and emerging artists to create regular interactive events. .
Ander E.E., Thomson L.J.M., Blair K., Noble G., Menon U., Lanceley A., Chatterjee H.J.	Using museum objects to improve wellbeing in mental health service users and neurological rehabilitation clients	Museums are increasingly using collections as a bridge to wellbeing, social inclusion and learning, often taking objects beyond the museum site itself into communities. .
Žilič Fišer S., Kožuh I.	The Impact of Cultural Events on Community Reputation and Pride in Maribor, The European Capital of Culture 2012	It involves numerous cultural events each year in public places in certain cities, and tries to reach a wide audience, to increase awareness and participation in culture. .
Wyatt M., Liggett S.	The Potential of Painting: Unlocking Disenfranchised Grief for People Living With Dementia	Museums and galleries are increasingly becoming socially engaged spaces that tackle human challenges with public audiences. .
Dunphy, K.; Baker, F. A.; Dumaresq, E.; Carroll-Haskins, K.; Eickholt, J.; Ercole, M.; Kaimal, G.; Meyer, K.; Sajnani, N.; Shamir, O.Y.; Wosch, T.	Creative Arts Interventions to Address Depression in Older Adults: A Systematic Review of Outcomes, Processes, and Mechanisms	Therapeutic Techniques The therapeutic techniques reported in the art studies included the therapist being encouraging of participants expression and learning through art making, sensitive to individual needs, encouraging of interaction and pro-social experiences between group members. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	If we return to art as adults, it is often for just this capacity to jolt us out of everyday assumptions, to reconnect us with a sense of wonder and uncertainty that can open new creative paths when we are stuck in routine or unable to find answers to the situations facing us. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Art exists, and the goal is to help people take part in it. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Museum and gallery education can be a distinctive creative practice. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	the professional artists want to achieve good creative work, while people who attend may come to learn, to express themselves, or to enjoy social contact. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	And, since change is inherent in participatory art activities, their ideas may also shift during the course of the project, because of their own experience or because of how the project itself alters conditions for everyone involved. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Because community artists wanted to involve people in creating art, they thought about the processes involved. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	It also generates new artistic ideas and forms, especially in the more open practice of community art, so that the final work may be quite unlike what was expected at the start. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Putting on a community art event can be a path to other forms of collective action. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	In doing so, they made way for a new generation of young artists, with their own formative experiences and ideas about practice. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	It was not only individuals who were transformed by access to art. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	the acceptance of participatory art in health, education and other social contexts, helped show its wider potential. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Participatory art empowers and emancipates. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Arts projects could embody peoples values and raise their expectations. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Participating in arts projects had changed this, helping them to feel that the arts do not belong only to other people. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Although the emphasis was on art as a part of the curriculum, the season also offered an opportunity to look at the contribution which participation in the arts might make to the general development of school students. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	These figures confirm that arts projects can inspire people to become involved in project organisation, and equip them to do so when they intend to. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Expectations of its potential to change how people feel about their museums should be in proportion to the resources at its disposal, but it illustrates the potential of developing a participatory element in museums to renew relationships with local people. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	It is in the act of creativity that empowerment lies, and through sharing creativity that understanding and social inclusiveness are promoted. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	The framework of research While recognising that audiences can be considered participants in the creative process, projects where people are actively engaged in shaping their own arts work (alone or in partnership with professional artists) are fundamentally different. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	As the arts increase our awareness of alternative patterns of living, the options for cooperation with others (both in ways to cooperate and potential new partners) are increased. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Moreover, Community Matters, an initiative brought to life based on the idea of neighbours helping neighbours, recognized the importance of art works, of working with local artists and creative assets, to bring people together and to sustain the revitalisation of spaces, by connecting artists to artists and encouraging art-making in the community they are discovering opportunities for art to make a difference. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	According to their model, art brings inspirational work and offers the potential to enter into flow (edge) states where change can occur and new elements (learning processes) can arise. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	3. Building community-level social values through culture and the arts: a theoretical approach Introduction What exactly happens to people cognitively, emotionally, and socially when they make art that might lead them to view themselves and their world differently? .
Montalto, V., ; Campagna, D., ; Caperna, G.,	Does Culture Make a Better Citizen? Exploring the Relationship Between Cultural and Civic Participation in Italy	A key policy implication of our findings and resulting reflections is that greater attention should be directed to introducing more citizens to arts and cultural experiences as a social inclusion vehicle. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The findings are intended to engage the arts community and the public in a new dialogue about the value of the arts, to stimulate further research, and to help public and private policymakers reach informed decisions.
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	This reaction to a work of art can connect people more deeply to the world and open them to new ways of seeing and experiencing the world. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Policy Implications and Recommendations The studys key policy implication is that policy should be geared toward spreading the benefits of the arts by introducing greater numbers of Americans to engaging arts experiences. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Promote early exposure to the arts. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	We acknowledge that this is an exploratory discussion designed to promote closer attention to the ways in which individuals and communities may change through arts involvement. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Schools with an arts-rich environment offer a variety of opportunities for students to develop positive attitudes toward the arts and toward school more generally. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Stepping forward to help produce a local production, launching a fund-raising campaign, and securing rehearsal or studio space in a community center are some of the many ways that people who may be drawn into local art communities might develop management and organizational competencies, a sense of collective efficacy, and relationships within the community in aid of future undertakings. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	In its own way, each art form is capable of calling us out of ourselves and stimulating rapt involvement. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	It can lead them to a fuller experience of the work of art and create a public space in which meanings are shared and perspectives expressed and clarified. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	For adults already attracted to some form of the arts, the appeal of social activities may lead to new arts interests: a friend or colleague with a love for a particular art form can facilitate entry into that domain. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Community-based organizations may have distinct advantages in promoting this process, particularly for adults who have little prior experience with the arts. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	But all arts organizations can do more to provide their audiences with compelling arts experiences, including offering educational seminars that help participants develop the capacities for appreciating a more-challenging repertoire. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Its political project deals with inventing a new social use of art, by offering to citizens the possibility to express social problems or even by commissioning artists to give an answer to such problems. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	We believe that spectators point of view can contribute to widening the artists gaze, and therefore to enrich their visions during the creation process. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The artists had the opportunity to experiment new forms of artistic creation, working with different audiences and communities and to test a different perception of their own social needs and environments, having a more complex dialogue with them. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	We wanted to be involved in sharing practices between different partners and we were interested specifically in the area of challenging artists to engage and even involve public in different creative ways. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	It is an opportunity to reflect on the mission of the institution, on the different possible ways to achieve its goals, to connect with audiences and with artistic proposals. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	On the other hand, participatory residencies can be seen as a mean to reach other goals than merely creation, such as: opening the doors of the artistic process to audiences; spreading artistic resources and transmitting the will to create to amateurs; helping people express themselves; renewing a venues or an artists audience; democratising the cultural institutions or empowering audiences, the finality being often the process itself. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	We would like to work on exploring these options and making sure that audience and participants feel that they get something more tangible, or have access to some unique or particular experiences provided by the creative process. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Through the creative process, carving his ways in the search of pure essence, exploring the universal human sensations and our unique perceptions of life and art, he also served as a guide for us to: help us understand ourselves in our pursuit of dreams show how art can open us up after the life-long oppression by society allow us to understand the multiplicity of choices and possibilities we always have. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The level of these potential transformations depends on the type of interaction set up with participants (the possibility for the participants to express themselves freely) and the artists permeability to their influence. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	In this last perspective, arts are limited means of contributing to emancipation, but by broadening creative expressions to new people, and thus producing new perceptions of individuals on themselves and on the society, they participate to the transformation of social and political representations. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Is it necessary to continue mobilising categories such as artistic quality, when trying to invent new practices and new relationships between artists and society? .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The other side of the artistic freedom We started from the assumption that creating via new technology allows artists to push the boundaries of the possible and designs transformative experiences for audiences and also for artists to get inspired and to discuss about artistic and creative processes. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The resulting group of artists was made of individuals actively engaged in experimenting and testing new ways of production, trying to find new sources of inspiration for their creative process and searching for meaningful ways to involve audiences. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	They are conscious their feedbacks could be useful for the artists, helping them improving or changing something in the creation of their shows (some of the submitted works are still in progress and an external point of view could be useful to the artists to improve them). .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	They are: Inspire: be inspired by a diverse range of professional art; Shape: shape what we offer and what we are; Make: make art with us; Share: actively seek new ways to reach and connect with the wider community. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	If the goal is rather to contribute to artistic empowerment and to reach more diversified audiences, then it is necessary to make efforts to get in touch with them and propose experiences that suit them. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Creative Residencies are the privileged corner both to support the work of young and innovative European artists and to promote their interaction with local audiences, testing new and experimental ways to engage with them, according with the topic of the work, the target audiences to involve, the journey developed by the artists. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The Action Research gave an opportunity to analyse a co-cre-ative approach in an international context, giving artist the challenge to experiment new forms of artistic creation, working with different audiences and communities, relating with different organisations in countries with distinguishing social, cultural, economic and political characteristics. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The project offered us also the possibility to investigate the reason why and the implication for an artist to encompass with a co-creative process, trying to analyse how participation can shape artistic creation and how the active involvement in the creative process can shape the way in which audiences take part in creative activities. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	This way of making art gives space and opens the door for discoveries and surprises on the level of the arts and on the level of personal experiences. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	It encourages expansion of the cultural district concept to include more opportunities for amateur as well as professional arts engagement. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	All this helps create a window of opportunity for further advances in integrating arts and culture into the concepts of quality of life, good communities and great cities to which this monograph contributes. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Similarly, the idea of a cultural district can change, from an area that provides opportunities for the consumption of artistic products to one that also offers more opportunities for amateur and professional engagement in the creative process. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Our groundwork with quality of life indicator initiatives provides a springboard from which other urban researchers and practitioners concerned with quality of life in communities can launch related work in arts and culture. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	The Participatory Turn in Cultural Policy: Paradigms, Models, Contexts.	During different stages of creative residencies, the artist team learns from audience reactions and discussions enriching the production and the artistic proposal. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	The contrast pushes the visitors to interaction, as we see in the image: the artistic setup increases our natural curiosity and makes more apparent the exceptionality of the artistic experience. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Let's make sure the artists and arts organisations are free to choose methods to create relevant works of art as well as audiences being free to choose how they want to become engaged in culture without being put into categories and problematized. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Artistic quality and audience empowerment. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	At that time, interesting examples could be found in the context of community art, where local communities are involved as a part of the artistic process, expressing themselves and connecting with others through experiences of free art making. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	The production of new performances in Be SpectACTive! counts with the collaboration of local communities, associations, schools or intellectuals, with the aim to nourish the process of creation starting from the main topic of the art project. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	In some cases, venues could change their perception of programming and, more generally, their role as a cultural institution (for example, their perception of the artistic expertise and the sharing process, the opening of the venue to external initiatives, the cultural diversity and definition of artistic quality...), which can lead organizations to democratize their decision-making process and to transform their structure, in a long-term perspective. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	From the artists viewpoint, outcomes of participatory residencies may include: discovering and experimenting with new creative processes (for instance, it drives some artists to innovate in their methods, or to imagine new skills in their teams) ; mixing different aesthetics and artistic disciplines, transforming the content and the form of their shows (particularly when the project is permeable to participants influence) ; challenging the classical definition of show, and its borders with the creation process; learning to build new relations with audiences (e.g. feeling closer and being more responsive to their feedbacks); changing perception of the artists social role, etc. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Depending on the social background of participants, some places could imagine developing new cultural actions, groups of amateurs, participatory programming activities, sustainable partnerships with institutions in the neighborhood, offering spaces and opportunities for participants to continue creating with the support of the venue, etc. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	On the other hand, participatory residencies can be seen as a means to reach other goals than merely creation, like opening the doors of the artistic process to audiences, spreading artistic resources and transmitting the will to create to amateurs, helping people express themselves, renewing a venues audiences, democratizing the cultural institutions... - the finality being the process itself. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	In short, the real pursuit of their mission as an open interface between citizens and artistic creation, as an actual tool by and for the community. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	And artists (creators) may want to experiment with new creative processes, new relations with audiences, or transforming the format and/or content of their shows. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Approaching the artistic work from a position of knowledge allows the spectator not only to admire the work but also to advance with the artist along the path of innovation that a piece of art requires (ibid). .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	The ability to look at the artistic work from the publics point of view defines the profile of the professional as one who creates interactive experiences, without forgetting his/her responsibility as curator. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Active involvement of the audience in the selection process could also be an invitation to the artists to renew the way of thinking about their method of artistic creation. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	If this is successfully achieved, it should result in more active participation, which in turn leads to audiences approaching art and artists with more respect, since these experiences provide them with a deeper knowledge and understanding of the artistic (and technical) processes that need to take place for an event or work of art to occur. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	As people grow familiar with and become knowledgeable about a specific type of art, their tastes expand and diversify. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Introduction Contemporary cultural organizations need to take into account a variety of factors when deciding to face the challenge of developing, diversifying and engaging - new and established - audiences. .
Sandell, R.,	Social inclusion, the museum and the dynamics of sectoral change.	Central to these questions is the need for a paradigmatic shift in attitudes within the sector; a mind-set change that is open to radically different roles and responsibilities for museums as well as new relationships with audiences. .
Jancovich, L.,	Great art for everyone? Engagement and participation policy in the arts	Engagement in art of any kind may therefore lead to more willingness to engage with other arts in future. .
Jancovich, L.,	Great art for everyone? Engagement and participation policy in the arts	Rather, the current director described their role as a bridge to the arts, providing pathways for young people wanting to work in or access a range of art forms. .
Jancovich, L.,	Great art for everyone? Engagement and participation policy in the arts	This process involves not only opportunities to develop the young peoples creativity and see professional work at Contact, as is common in many arts organisations, but in addition there are opportunities to join a number of decision-making panels to influence the content of the work presented and the direction of the organisations development. .
Harland, J., ; Kinder , K., ; Hartley, K.,	Arts in their view. A study of youth participation in the arts.	In theory, at least, this could give teachers the opportunity to introduce more arts activities into the curriculum. .
Harland, J., ; Kinder , K., ; Hartley, K.,	Arts in their view. A study of youth participation in the arts.	This is shown at the receptive level by comments such as: art shows you many new aspects, opens up new vistas', very important to see other peoples outlook', awareness, opening up horizons', conceptual awareness of the world', and also the arts tells you about processes governing art andfocuses on things contradictory and tells you about things in society..
Landry, C., ; Bianchini, F.,	The Creative City	These ways of thinking encourage innovation and generate new possibilities. .
Windle, G.; Gregory, S.; Howson-Griffiths, T.; Newman, A.; O Brien, D.; Gouldin, A.	Exploring the theoretical foundations of visual art programmes for people living with dementia	They suggested programmes should be flexible and include different arts activities and skills, both challenging and stimulating to the participant, with good quality, adult-appropriate materials that are inspiring and engaging. .
Windle, G.; Gregory, S.; Howson-Griffiths, T.; Newman, A.; O Brien, D.; Gouldin, A.	Exploring the theoretical foundations of visual art programmes for people living with dementia	Other theoretical approaches to understanding how visual arts programmes impact on wellbeing could be suggested in the future, particularly as the arts and health literature develops. .
Binnie, J.	Does Viewing Art in the Museum Reduce Anxiety and Improve Wellbeing?	With the multitude of possible influential factors it was assumed that using a variety of methods to investigate this would provide a more holistic view of experiencing art in the museum. .
Binnie, J.	Does Viewing Art in the Museum Reduce Anxiety and Improve Wellbeing?	One example given by a staff participant was of a visitor inspired to make some alterations to their life due to a specific exhibition which they had seen at New Walk Museum and Art Gallery. .
Spiegel, J., B.; Parent, S., N.	Re-approaching community development through the arts: a ‘critical mixed methods’ study of social circus in Quebec.	Our study on social circus suggests that such social arts programmes contribute to community development by carving out a space in society that offers alternative ways of seeing and engaging. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	Artists, curators and administrators must quickly embrace the diversity of preferences, settings and formats that will engage the next generation, and the one after that. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	Participatory Arts in Practice Arts groups around the world are responding to the changing landscape of arts participation with innovative programs that actively engage the public in a myriad of ways. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	This category of activity includes arts programs and projects that seek audiences beyond those who participate in the art-making. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	In this sphere of work, artists are challenged to find ways of incorporating input from audiences or community members (some of whom may be accomplished artists) into their work, which represents a fundamentally different approach to artistic creation. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	An exception is the realm of participatory public art, a fun and highly engaging area of artistic work in which visitors touch, climb into, change and otherwise interact with the work, creating a unique experience each time. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	The success of these programs illustrates the potential for achieving a high level of artistic quality through open submission events..
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	The program commissions artists to create imaginative new work. .
Serafinelli, M., ; Tabellini, G.,	Creativity Over Time and Space	In particular, the production and attraction of creative talent and innovators may be positively affected by institutions that protect freedoms and basic human rights and allow open exchange of ideas, such as the variable Commune. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	Changing citizens perceptions of urban spaces through artistic interventions to encourage ownership, civic pride, and urban regeneration. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	- Invite artists to occupy the public space and transform the perceptions of such places. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	Openness and flexibility - combining vision with flexible approaches A key aspect of the project dealt with how cultural policy and the different cultural and creative spaces account for future developments and introduce some degree of flexibility to allow for different scenarios, emerging uses and new needs of the population. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	Throughout the project we found out some actions proved especially challenging: - Developing new partnerships, cross-sectoral work and strong stakeholders relationships; - Partnerships between culture and education, nourishing creativity and retaining talent; - Improving connections between cultural organisations, including museums. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	the ability to invent new ways of thinking about things, new art forms, new designs, new photos, new concepts and so forth. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Creative activities are inclusive by nature, open processes that involve the civil society in order to stimulate inclusion and human creativity. .
Bianchini, F., ; Tommarchi, E., ; Hansen, L., E.	Problematising the question of participation in Capitals of Culture	By examining examples of current, previous and future Capitals and Cities of Culture and by addressing both the challenges and the potential of participatory approaches, it attempts to make a significant contribution to the area of research. .
Jackson, A., ; McManus, R.,	SROI in the art gallery; valuing social impact	A combination of confidence, inspiration, and new competencies influences the next steps in their lives, such as choosing to enter higher or further education, working in arts related environment, or holding an exhibition of their own work. .
Moody, E., ; Phinney, A.,	A community-engaged art program for older people: fostering social inclusion.	The intent is that a performance or work of art is ultimately presented in a public venue to further engage with, and be appreciated by, the wider community. .
Rahbarianyazd, R., ; Doratli, N.,	Assessing the contribution of cultural agglomeration in urban regeneration through developing cultural strategies.	The recent discussion regarding contemporary urban regeneration has underlined the increasing role of art and cultural agglomeration as an essential part of a progressive agenda for local development. .
Felton E., Vichie K., Moore E.	Widening participation creatively: creative arts education for social inclusion	The extended period of engagement enables time for students to either produce an artefact or a performance, and we suggest, enables greater opportunity for attitudinal change in part due to the transformative capacity of creative arts-based disciplines. .
Urbanowicz K., Nyka L.	Interactive and Media Architecture - From Social Encounters to City Planning Strategies	Because of the attractive, but at the same time understandable and adaptive form of the interactive artworks, they could be inspiring and effective in involving people in the city planning processes. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	The creative art-making group in this study offered opportunities for active learning and selfdirection, perhaps strengthening a sense of agency more effectively than passive leisure occupations. .
Crawford M.J., Killaspy H., Barnes T.R.E., Barrett B., Byford S., Clayton K., Dinsmore J., Floyd S., Hoadley A., Johnson T., Kalaitzaki E., King M., Leurent B., Maratos A., ONeill F.A., Osborn D.P., Patterson S., Soteriou T., Tyrer P., Waller D.	Group art therapy as an adjunctive treatment for people with schizophrenia: Multicentre pragmatic randomised trial	In art therapy, members were given access to a range of art materials and encouraged to use these to express themselves freely. .
Crawford M.J., Killaspy H., Barnes T.R.E., Barrett B., Byford S., Clayton K., Dinsmore J., Floyd S., Hoadley A., Johnson T., Kalaitzaki E., King M., Leurent B., Maratos A., ONeill F.A., Osborn D.P., Patterson S., Soteriou T., Tyrer P., Waller D.	Group art therapy as an adjunctive treatment for people with schizophrenia: Multicentre pragmatic randomised trial	Patients were given access to a range of art materials and encouraged to use these to express themselves freely. .
la Cour K., Josephsson S., Luborsky M.	Creating connections of life during life-threatening illness: Creative activity experienced by elderly people and occupational therapists	First, a generous receptive environment, highlighting the sociocultural setting as a necessary context for pursuing engagement in creative activity. .
Lamontagne C., Palardy L.	Les impatients: A fragrance of health Les Impatients: Un parfum de santé	This new space also offers a gallery to disseminate works and creations made in the studio. .
Comunian R., Mould O.	The weakest link: Creative industries, flagship cultural projects and regeneration	Of course the public nature of these institutions offer opportunities for artists and creative practictioners to socialise. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	Art programs, on the other hand, tend to be more flexible and responsive to the participants and the context at any given time. .
Goldsmith B., O’Regan T.	LOCOMOTIVES AND STARGATES: Inner‐city studio complexes in Sydney, Melbourne and Toronto	As creative hubs, studios foster innovation and facilitate a variety of creative work both inside and outside the complex itself. .
Hinrichs U., Jacucci G., Valkanova N., Carpendale S., Kuikkaniemi K., Arroyo E.	Large displays in urban life - From exhibition halls to media facades	Large interactive display installations with their visual presence and their support of novel interaction techniques have the potential to enhance public spaces by promoting active engagement with the displayed content. .
Hinrichs U., Jacucci G., Valkanova N., Carpendale S., Kuikkaniemi K., Arroyo E.	Large displays in urban life - From exhibition halls to media facades	The question of how to support both individual and social experiences of public large displays installations will be discussed with a goal to generate new ideas about the interplay between public, private, and social interaction in context of large public displays. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	These sessions act as an introduction to the arts for older people, enabling them to perhaps express themselves artistically for the first time, and this often leads to a desire for more on-going involvement. .
Konrath S.	Museums as Weavers of the Invisible Strings that Connect us	But it is important for art museums to understand both the increased interest in visual arts creation, and the potentially increased limitations in the capacity for divergent thinking among younger generations. .
Konrath S.	Museums as Weavers of the Invisible Strings that Connect us	Its important to recognise the social nature of art museum experiences and how they can help to fulfil our needs for deep and authentic connection. .
Konrath S.	Museums as Weavers of the Invisible Strings that Connect us	And these ideas could be further developed in collaboration with art museum leaders. .
Monsuez J.-J., François V., Ratiney R., Trinchet I., Polomeni P., Sebbane G., Muller S., Litout M., Castagno C., Frandji D.	Museum moving to inpatients: Le louvre à l’hôpital	Another new approach of this study consisted in promoting self-choice of the artworks displayed in the individual rooms. .
Koebner I.J., Fishman S.M., Paterniti D., Sommer D., Witt C.M., Ward D., Joseph J.G.	The art of analgesia: A pilot study of art museum tours to decrease pain and social disconnection among individuals with chronic pain	The art objects viewed changed each tour in an effort to foster inclusivity and appeal to the broadest audience possible. .
Saavedra J., Arias S., Crawford P., Pérez E.	Impact of creative workshops for people with severe mental health problems: art as a means of recovery	According to observers and keyworkers, the dynamic of the workshops allows some users to give new meaning to their life events through the discussions of the artists work. .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	Interacting social context Museums provided a background context in which programs operated, influencing group experience and enhancing the potential for change. .
Wilson L., Bryant W., Reynolds F., Lawson J.	Therapeutic outcomes in a museum? “You dont get them by aiming for them”. How a focus on arts participation promotes inclusion and well-being	The emphasis of the Ways of Seeing project reflected the museums interest in and commitment to overcoming these barriers and enabling inclusive participation in the arts. .
Wilson L., Bryant W., Reynolds F., Lawson J.	Therapeutic outcomes in a museum? “You dont get them by aiming for them”. How a focus on arts participation promotes inclusion and well-being	This was the first local project aiming directly to involve people with mental health problems in interpreting works of art and creating new ways of looking at those works, including curating the exhibition. .
Wilson L., Bryant W., Reynolds F., Lawson J.	Therapeutic outcomes in a museum? “You dont get them by aiming for them”. How a focus on arts participation promotes inclusion and well-being	In addition to the artistic focus of the project, the social opportunities enabled people to take on different roles and identities. .
Zazulak J., Halgren C., Tan M., Grierson L.E.M.	The impact of an arts-based programme on the affective and cognitive components of empathic development	The programme proposes that education in the techniques of art appreciation helps participants develop skills in visual information processing, which may be beneficial to observation that occurs outside of the museum such as during the interpersonal interactions that underpin much of clinical care. .
Ketch R.A., Rubin R.T., Baker M.R., Sones A.C., Ames D.	Art appreciation for veterans with severe mental illness in a VA Psychosocial Rehabilitation and Recovery Center	This sharing not only provides information about a particular artist or artists, but it also informs members about art-experience opportunities in the community. .
Ketch R.A., Rubin R.T., Baker M.R., Sones A.C., Ames D.	Art appreciation for veterans with severe mental illness in a VA Psychosocial Rehabilitation and Recovery Center	included, opens my mind, opens my mind to the beauty around me, by watching the artist (slide presentations), and go to museums to see art by the artist. .
Deane K., Fitch M., Carman M.	An innovative art therapy program for cancer patients.	Learning about the history of different artists through gallery visits, videos, and movies allowed participants to increase their awareness of art and its impact on the human spirit. .
Deane K., Fitch M., Carman M.	An innovative art therapy program for cancer patients.	This art education provided a basis for appreciating different artists' approaches ami the value of expression through art: Well, the lecture (gallery) pul us through periods of art. .
Padilla-Llano S.E., Machado-Penso M.V., Reyes-Schade E., Larios-Giraldo P.M., Cabrera-Sánchez I., Martínez-Palacios E., González-Forero D., Tapias-Martínez J.	Barrio El Prado: A living museum for the city of Barranquilla Barrio el prado un museo vivo para la ciudad de Barranquilla.	This is a public space that has been modified in order for users to experience the space from a link with art, being able to move between large-format works made on the walls of the neighborhood and framed through walls that function as museum devices, at the same time that they are resizing the public space. .
Mantziou L.	Museum Cluster as Urban Defibrillator	The urban-specific museum planning redefines public space and it potentially reinforces social, cultural and economic development. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	Understanding the process by which the individual relationship between person and art contributes to activating a system of relations with the built environment and between people can lead to outline a strategy for urban regeneration processes. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	So, art contributes to local development, as it acts on people, influencing their behaviours and openness and stimulating their learning capacity and attitude to innovation (Sacco et al. 2015). .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	Integrating people needs and spacial quality, art contributes to rethink the world and contributes to regenerate social institution and urban community, starting from the recovery of public space, with places for socializing. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	Our findings, however, showed that the shared experience of participatory arts, promoted interactions within sessions and provided new topics of conversation for ongoing interactions. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	In terms of relationships between residents and staff, participatory arts allowed opportunities to share meaningful experiences and spend time together beyond care routines. .
Mahendran R., Rawtaer I., Fam J., Wong J., Kumar A.P., Gandhi M., Jing K.X., Feng L., Kua E.H.	Art therapy and music reminiscence activity in the prevention of cognitive decline: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial	The guided viewing and making of visual images and talk therapy with an art therapist contributes to externalization of thoughts and feelings which may otherwise remain unexpressed. .
Gillam T.	Enhancing public mental health and wellbeing through creative arts participation	Social implications: The paper suggests it is important that creative arts activities should be participatory, so they become a vehicle not only for self-expression but also for participation in groups and communities, increasing connectedness and social inclusion. .
Gillam T.	Enhancing public mental health and wellbeing through creative arts participation	Key features in the philosophy of the community music movement include: a belief in providing opportunities for individuals and communities inclusiveness forging links with community settings promoting innovation and participation facilitating access to creativity for people with disabilities potentially providing the means for the resulting music to reach a wider audience. .
Guachalla A.	Social inclusion and audience development at the Royal Opera House: a tourist perspective	This legitimises the need to conduct research on the different tools that are used by performing arts institutions to develop their new audiences. .
Bernard M., Rickett M., Pruchno R.	The cultural value of older peoples experiences of theater-making: A review	This can broaden horizons and encourage people to take on new challenges in other areas of their lives. .
Athens L.	Design for social sustainability at Seattles central library	These areas include: design process, design to foster social interaction, diversity, accessibility, and the arts. .
Langdridge D., Gabb J., Lawson J.	Art as a pathway to impact: Understanding the affective experience of public engagement with film	In this study, we set out to explore the power of art to engage the public. .
Langdridge D., Gabb J., Lawson J.	Art as a pathway to impact: Understanding the affective experience of public engagement with film	Conclusion In this article we have sought to describe a novel approach to how we might better understand the affective engagement of people with art. .
Małuj J., Załuski D.	Emotional and Social Potential of Art in the City	It is necessary to popularize new forms of art accessible to all inhabitants of the city by placing them in public spaces. .
Johansson E.L., Isgren E.	Local perceptions of land-use change: Using participatory art to reveal direct and indirect socioenvironmental effects of land acquisitions in Kilombero Valley, Tanzania	Findings reveal that art can make a valuable methodological contribution for understanding and communicating complex interactions between drivers of change and their socioenvironmental impacts, and for exploring desirable future visions. .
Staniškyte J.	Spectatorship, politics and the rules of participation: Re-discovering the audience in contemporary Lithuanian theatre	Eventually these creative collaborations between audience and performance, with a free circulation of energies and meanings, were supposed to become not only the platforms for emancipating individual creative agency, but also a means of the democratization of the art sphere. .
Bartley S.	Hard labour and punitive welfare: the unemployed body at work in participatory performance	The piece highlighted the possible intervention this kind of arts practice offers in making visible alternative representations of young people and fostering important sensibilities of collectivity among this group of people. .
Secker J., Heydinrych K., Kent L., Keay J.	Why art? Exploring the contribution to mental well-being of the creative aspects and processes of visual art-making in an arts and mental health course	The art sessions provided by Open Arts are described below in order to contextualise the study. .
Secker J., Heydinrych K., Kent L., Keay J.	Why art? Exploring the contribution to mental well-being of the creative aspects and processes of visual art-making in an arts and mental health course	This study, therefore, aimed to explore the specific contribution of creative activity by focusing more directly than in the previous studies on the creative processes in which participants engage during the Open Arts courses. .
Lee K.L., Mustaffa M.S., Tan S.Y.	Visual arts in counselling adults with depressive disorders	They were encouraged to explore their feelings, thoughts, and behaviour through these art-making activities. .
Lee K.L., Mustaffa M.S., Tan S.Y.	Visual arts in counselling adults with depressive disorders	Through art, they were encouraged to express their emotions and explore some potential solutions. .
Cárdenas R.E., Barriga A.P., Lizama J.I.	Artistic expression as a teaching strategy for the development of affectivity and self-esteem in people with Intellectual Disabilities and Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) La expresión artística como estrategia didáctica para el desarrollo de la afectividad y la autoestima en una persona con Discapacidad Intelectual y Síndrome Alcohólico Fetal (SAF)	allowing to improve the access of students with Intellectual Disabilities to the artistic and cultural offer within educational establishments. .
Windle G., Newman A., Burholt V., Woods B., OBrien D., Baber M., Hounsome B., Parkinson C., Tischler V.	Dementia and Imagination: A mixed-methods protocol for arts and science research	These take on a variety of forms of art viewing and art making, such as exploring the art history of an artwork and at other times using it as the starting point for creative discussion. .
Kabel A., Teti M., Zhang N.	The art of resilience: photo-stories of inspiration and strength among people with HIV/AIDS	This can broaden horizons and encourage people to take on new challenges in other areas of their lives. .
Hanna G.P., Noelker L.S., Bienvenu B.	The arts, health, and aging in America: 2005-2015	The challenging opportunities in lifelong learning and community-building through the arts that should be addressed in the upcoming mini-conference are to: .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Toma M., Kroll T., Joice S., Mead G., Donnan P., Williams B.	Feasibility study of the effects of art as a creative engagement intervention during stroke rehabilitation on improvement of psychosocial outcomes: Study protocol for a single blind randomized controlled trial: The ACES study	A number of programs have been implemented to provide opportunities for survivors to participate in the creation of artwork using a range of visual arts media. .
Goulding A.	How can contemporary art contribute toward the development of social and cultural capital for people aged 64 and older	Equally, gallery educators can gradually introduce more challenging contemporary art as participants cultural capital develops. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	Developing new skills and ambitions Linked with enjoying art-making as a discovery process, many participants described ongoing personal development, in the form of new skills, ambitions, and aspects of self, emerging through their artistic endeavours. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	This presented new possibilities for artwork, and more generally increased their engagement with everyday life. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Participation defines how the work is made and it might provide enjoyment, open the artistic process to new people, foster community, or bring marginalised people to the stage. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Increasing the cultural offer through participation Participation is not the only way of increasing access to culture, as evident in the continuing popularity of lectures, tours and other formal activities, but it is effective because, from a very young age, we learn about art by doing. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Many of these treasures are now in public museums and galleries, where they are presented simply as cultureoften through access programmesrather than the taste of one social class and a moment in history. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	the participation of many civic theatres suggests a growing institutional interest in community art and inclusive practice. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Therefore, this chapter looks at the extent to which participation in the arts has helped reduce social exclusion and isolation, foster good relationships between individuals and groups and promote understanding of different cultures and lifestyles. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Respect for other cultures Participation in the arts can also provide opportunities for people to share their cultures with others as exemplified by the HOME festival or to demonstrate their interest in cultures which are not their own. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	I further propose that societies that have dynamic and diverse cultures will evolve toward greater tolerance and respect for human rights, the individual, and the diversity of ideas, thereby increasing a willingness to cooperate. .
Grossi, E., ; Sacco, P.L., ; Blessi, G.T., ; Cerutti, R.,	The Impact of Culture on the Individual Subjective Well-Being of the Italian Population: An Exploratory Study	As a matter of fact, different sources of evidence suggest that culture and the arts affect many aspects of our lives. .
Grossi, E., ; Sacco, P.L., ; Blessi, G.T., ; Buscema, M.,	The Interaction Between Culture, Health and Psychological Well-Being: Data Mining from the Italian Culture and Well-Being Project	At this point, we asked ourselves whether, apart from the frequency of access to cultural activities, the degree of heterogeneity of the cultural activities being accessed would play a role as well in the perception of well-being. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	B. Promotion of social connections Subsequently the model conveys that cultural activities provide opportunities for people to come together, interact and collectively express personal emotions resulting from an art experience. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	In fact, through the enormous variety of types of music the country holds, musical expression encourages cultural diversity and consequently, stimulates dialogue and tolerance towards differences. .
Montalto, V., ; Campagna, D., ; Caperna, G.,	Does Culture Make a Better Citizen? Exploring the Relationship Between Cultural and Civic Participation in Italy	The role that participation in arts and cultural activities can play in the achievement of broader social policy goals, such as countering social exclusion or promoting active citizenship, is increasingly addressed in the international cultural policy debate. .
Laaksonen, A.,	Measuring Cultural Exclusion through Participation in Cultural Life.	Participation in cultural life can then also be described as a universe of opportunities for people to simultaneously operate in different cultural climates and discourses. .
Laaksonen, A.,	Measuring Cultural Exclusion through Participation in Cultural Life.	Features of access and participation in cultural life are not easily to measured but one of the possibilities is to construct theme areas based on the key elements of the Right to Take Part in Cultural Life. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	However, this finding needs to be tested by employing more diverse groups of study sample who might have access to a wider range of cultural venues and resources including highbrow forms of culture. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	Student affairs administrators on campus can utilize these findings to enhance students access to and consumption of cultural events. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	Further, results on communication networks showed that having opportunities to share their cultural experiences with others has meaningful value for students. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The arts expand individuals capacities for empathy by drawing them into the experiences of people vastly different from them and cultures vastly different from their own. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	At the most basic level, the arts provide opportunities for people to come together through their attendance at arts events and classes, arts festivals, and arts fairs. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Museums, filled with such commemorative art, provide an artistic legacy that captures the history and values of entire civili-zations.16 Art also introduces new voices into the community, voices that can redefine the fabric of the culture. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Far from being isolated from ordinary experience, the arts, through their communicative power, enhance individual engagement with the world in ways that have both personal and public benefits. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	After all, the existence of works of art alone does not make for a vital arts culture: It is the interplay between artistic creation, aesthetic enjoyment, and public discourse about art that creates and maintains such a culture. .
Delanaey, L., ; Keaney, E.,	Cultural Participation, Social Capital and Civil Renewal in the United Kingdom: Statistical Evidence from National and International Survey Data.	However this does not mean that cultural organisations and activities do not have the potential to promote civil activity. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Participatory residencies impacts on those who make them Audience development and cultural democracy From an organisations point of view, most of the expected effects of residencies relate to audience development classic goals and strategies: increasing audiences (attracting audiences with the same socio-demographic profile as the current audience); deepening relationship with the audiences (enhancing the experience of the current audiences in relation to a cultural event and/or encouraging them to discover related or even nonrelated, more complex art forms, thus fostering loyalty and return visits); diversifying audiences (attracting people with a different socio-demographic profile from that of the current audiences, including people with no previous contact with the art) (Bollo et al., 2017). .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Of course, great art and cultural experiences are still being created and appreciated by audiences in traditional formats, but we cannot ignore that right now audience expectations are changing and so are the practices of artists, creators and curators. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	How can the arts and culture institutions ensure a diversity of modes, stories, expressions, events and projects that reflects different societies in e.g. Copenhagen and finds resonance in their respective communities? .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	And it involves a broad spectrum of skills and knowledge to enable increased access to arts and culture to the widest range of people and social groups particularly among traditionally underrepresented or excluded groups. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Now its not about targeting and audience segmentation alone, it is largely about how to open cultural institutions and how to create the basis for a more dynamic and cohesive cultural democracy, in which different social groups can be covered and included within the cultural offerings. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Art residencies emphasise the importance of meaningful and multilayered cultural exchange and immersion into another culture. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	It aims at engaging individuals and communities in experiencing, enjoying, participating in and valuing the arts through various means available today for cultural operators, from digital tools to volunteering, from cocreation to partnerships. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	This effect of visibility is also raising public awareness of cultural, community and social concern, improving the general perception of the multicultural local (and European) community, and the appreciation of art and culture beyond the range of the cultural system and cultural elite per se. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	In cultural exposure the cultural regeneration implies both the individual and the larger social level. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Arts and cultural activity is no longer thought of as only for special occasions. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	On a related note, it expands the range of stakeholders in arts and culture to include people who are not necessarily arts experts or acknowledged arts professionals. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	Attendance at cultural venues A few of the projects in the research had hoped to develop new audiences for the arts by enabling groups to attend venues. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Nevertheless, it helps to understand the current diversification of cultural policy instruments towards participation. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Participatory cultural policies, however, are not limited to community arts projects; some initiatives are aimed at involving local communities, with a special attention to those who do not usually engage in cultural activities, in the decision-making process of cultural policies. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	On the one hand, the EU programme highlights a qualitative relationship between cultural venues and spectators, fostering processes of co-creation and practices addressing a variety of audiences who represent a new society. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Theatres and cultural organisations, in light of the variety of audience engagement processes, are becoming places where new ideas, citizens and networks can meet, coexist and express their values. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	These processes offer a new opportunity for spectators to select some shows in the artistic programme of theatres and festivals, thereby activating a process of awareness-raising around the performing arts. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Promoting audiences commitment and participation in the creation, production and programming process of performing arts leads to thinking about various aspects presented here below. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	The number of spectators/visitors cannot be the only indicator to describe the success of a project where people are actively involved in the meaning-making or in the artistic process. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Cultural programming -nowadays- means to connect different kinds of people with different kinds of attention processes, programming is a key feature of cultural mediation, including issues of marketing and experience, but also issues of accessibility, that offers many interesting opportunities, not solely one authoritative high culture product, but a broad range of cultural consumption alternatives. .
Blessi, G.T., ; Tremblay , D., G.; Sandri, M., ; Pilati, T.,	New trajectories in urban regeneration processes: Cultural capital as source of human and social capital accumulation – Evidence from the case of Tohu in Montreal	It is worth noting that the definition of culture adopted in the study is quite broad and includes opportunities provided by the production, promotion, participation and exposition of various forms of art and culture (activities and facilities). .
Sandell, R.,	Social inclusion, the museum and the dynamics of sectoral change.	These differences are significant in explaining the cultural sectors interest in, and engagement with, social inclusion. .
García, B.,	Urban Regeneration, Arts Programming and Major Events: Glasgow 1990, Sydney 2000 and Barcelona 2004	It can also be argued that the event will bring a symbolic legacy in terms of city image, acting as a platform to demonstrate the cultural vitality of the city and its ability to attract visitors from around the world. .
Windle, G.; Gregory, S.; Howson-Griffiths, T.; Newman, A.; O Brien, D.; Gouldin, A.	Exploring the theoretical foundations of visual art programmes for people living with dementia	There are also opportunities for museums and arts organisations, with their collections and skilled staff, to deliver the gallery experience in other settings such as hospitals and residential care. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	As a result, cultural districts commonly put attracting new audiences from different backgrounds at the heart of their free programming in public spaces, as is the case with the core social objective of Lugano Arte e Cultura (LAC), Quartier des Spectacles and MuseumsQuartier Vienna. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	In recent years, researchers have brought to light the vitality of cultural activity occurring outside of the nonprofit sector in more informal or community-based settings. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	Where the planned district approach usually focuses on bigticket cultural venues that draw audiences, the cultural cluster perspective requires a greater understanding of the changing character of cultural production and the complex and active interactions between producers and participants that characterize the contemporary arts scene. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	Aside from such specific projects, music has been used within the events programmes of many museums as a way to engage new audiences. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	Music events, performances and activities are then one of the ways in which museums can seek to diversify their audiences. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	4. Conclusion By understanding meaning making within museums to be dependent not only on the materials and information presented by museum professionals but also on the input of the visitors, one extends the idea of the museum beyond its holdings and exhibits out to its audiences. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	The current emphasis within museum culture on telling peoples histories and engaging with different publics, allied with contemporary collecting, presents opportunities for the representation of different music narratives and histories. .
Grodach, C.,	Museums as Urban Catalysts: The Role of Urban Design in Flagship Cultural Development	This could have helped to establish a stronger centre for the citys small and sprawling arts community, generated a higher volume of foot traffic for the existing smaller non-profit and commercial galleries, and provided cultural tourists with multiple reasons to go downtown. .
Badham, M.,	Cultural Indicators: Tools for Community Engagement?	Many of these projects host cultural statistics, city indexes of liveability that recognize arts, culture and cultural diversity as amenities for tourism or relocation attraction, and national cultural policy evaluation. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	This means that the city is not only a producer of cultural services but also a platform for citizens and other actors to present their activities. .
Navarro Yanez, C., J.	Do ‘creative cities’ have a dark side? Cultural scenes and socioeconomic status in Barcelona and Madrid (1991–2001)	Furthermore, such neighborhoods have diverse and innovative cultural markets as the result of the presence of small groups of artists, other creative people and new spaces for cultural consumption. .
Mahmoud R.A., Wael A.	Urban policy as a main key towards sustainable built environment of popular neighbourhood: Case study of El Cabanyal Valencia Spain	These culturally-based buildings will be in contact with proposed intermediate public spaces to host all kinds of cultural manifestations or events. .
Kochergina E.	Urban Planning Aspects of Museum Quarters as an Architectural Medium for Creative Cities	As a result, the city receives cultural and artistic environment, friendly and open to new interventions, and on the other hand, sufficiently dense and rich museum structure with robust communications system. .
Liu Y.-D.	Event and sustainable culture-led regeneration: Lessons from the 2008 European Capital of Culture, Liverpool	The aim is to build stronger relationships between City Council and cultural organisations. .
Pastak I., Kährik A.	The impacts of culture-led flagship projects on local communities in the context of post-socialist tallinn	The creative hub, in accordance with its initial goal to promote city-wide culture, is known amongst local people for its thematic events, workshops, and performances with educational output for specific urban-wide groups of young visitors, creative people, and broader audiences, which local residents can attend. .
Peterson M.	Living with difference in hyper-diverse areas: how important are encounters in semi-public spaces? Vécu de la différence dans les quartiers hyper-divers : importance des rencontres dans les espaces semi-publics El vivir con lo diferente en zonas excesivamente diversas: ¿cuán importantes son los encuentros en espacios semi-públicos?	As the community-centre encourages the open celebration of diversity - for instance, in the form of festive events - visitors can interact with people whose cultures, traditions or customs are different, giving them the chance to understand and possibly learn to accept these differences. .
Tymoszuk U., Perkins R., Fancourt D., Williamon A.	Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between receptive arts engagement and loneliness among older adults	For instance, the study participants may have visited cultural venues such as museums and galleries to take part in participatory workshops or activities such as educational classes. .
Wilson L., Bryant W., Reynolds F., Lawson J.	Therapeutic outcomes in a museum? “You dont get them by aiming for them”. How a focus on arts participation promotes inclusion and well-being	Discussion The findings have illustrated how a public art gallery or museum can engage people in an inclusive and ambitious way. .
Ketch R.A., Rubin R.T., Baker M.R., Sones A.C., Ames D.	Art appreciation for veterans with severe mental illness in a VA Psychosocial Rehabilitation and Recovery Center	The class emphasizes cultural diversity and supports community integration, combining didactics with community outings to provide places to go to appreciate art, a deeper awareness of the lives of artists, and, in turn, deeper insight into the veterans own life stories. .
Camic P.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museums and art galleries as partners for public health interventions	One such potential partner is the cultural heritage sector, a segment of which comprises museums and art galleries. .
Deane K., Fitch M., Carman M.	An innovative art therapy program for cancer patients.	Participants enjoyed all aspects of the art therapy/museum education program The variety and sequencing of the education, art. .
Mantziou L.	Museum Cluster as Urban Defibrillator	A museum cluster is engraved in the collective consciousness as an innovative site for knowledge communion and culture, as a special quality element of the city as regards the cultural function it hosts. .
Lange-Valdés C.	Architecture as an apparatus of urban regeneration: 20 years of the Bilbao Guggenheim Museum La arquitectura como dispositivo de regeneración urbana: 20 años del Museo Guggenheim Bilbao	through artistic and cultural activities aimed at promoting tourism, and disseminating the image of the city at a local, national or international Level. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Cultural Expression In the Scattered People sessions, participants were encouraged to share aspects of their own culture, while also participating in musical activities from other cultures. .
Guachalla A.	Social inclusion and audience development at the Royal Opera House: a tourist perspective	Given these considerations and to address the overall aim of this study, the conceptual framework presented below discusses the topics of cultural capital, social inclusion, audience development, social capital and different approaches to categorising the cultural tourist. .
Guachalla A.	Social inclusion and audience development at the Royal Opera House: a tourist perspective	The previous statement highlights the importance of audience development and notes how it can succeed in generating awareness of the cultural offer of an institution and the provision of performing arts. .
Thompson J., Day J.	Understanding the impact and value of temporary public art sculpture trails	Suddenly people see that art can be fun and that art can be interesting to everyone, not just people who frequent museums. .
Dragićević V., Bole D., Bučić A., Prodanović A.	European capital of culture: Residents perception of social benefits and costs – maribor 2012 case study Evropska prestolnica kulture: Mnenje prebivalcev o družbenih koristih in stroških dogodka – primer Maribora 2012	Also, they agree that the event brought opportunities to experience new activities, to learn new things, and it had positive cultural impact in the community. .
Staniškytė J.	From institutional fatigue to creative communication: Audience development in Lithuanian theatres	Described as a strategic, dynamic and interactive process of making the arts widely accessible and aiming at engaging individuals and communities in experiencing, enjoying, participating in, and valuing the arts through various means available today for cultural operators, from digital tools to volunteering, from co-creation to partnerships9 within the framework of the guidelines of the EUs cultural policy as well as the theoretical discourse of sociology, art research, marketing, and communication, the term audience development does not merely indicate an integrated approach towards the cultivation of the demand for the arts, but also presupposes a shift in the understanding of the recipient of artistic production - the spectator. .
Staniškytė J.	From institutional fatigue to creative communication: Audience development in Lithuanian theatres	International festivals or transnational artistic projects taking place in the major cultural centres surely encourage audience mobility. .
Breed A.	Environmental aesthetics, social engagement and aesthetic experiences in Central Asia	Also, for artists to experiment with the cultural works of different countries. .
Nielsen S.L., Fich L.B., Roesslerb K.K., Mullins M.F.	How do patients actually experience and use art in hospitals? The significance of interaction: A user-oriented experimental case study	The artworks contribute in creating an environment and atmosphere where patients can socialize and stay connected to the world and life outside the hospital, themselves and their spirit. .
Goulding A.	How can contemporary art contribute toward the development of social and cultural capital for people aged 64 and older	This also had the aim of understanding the significance of culture engagement within wider context of participants lives. .
Goulding A.	How can contemporary art contribute toward the development of social and cultural capital for people aged 64 and older	For this participant, her changing relationships seem to be intertwined with growing art understanding, suggesting developments in social and cultural capital. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	Art-making catalysed mutual social contact as well as fostering connectedness with the outside environment (in all its social, physical, and spiritual aspects). .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Moreover, actively taking part of a cultural experience provides participants with opportunities to develop organizational and leadership skills which are important for building community capacity for future action outside of the artistic experience and in favour of the common good. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	In the specific case of participatory practice in the performing arts, active and face-to-face participation of audiences should be motivated not only by its social and experiential benefits, but also by the potential impact in terms of personal learning and development. .
Blessi, G.T., ; Tremblay , D., G.; Sandri, M., ; Pilati, T.,	New trajectories in urban regeneration processes: Cultural capital as source of human and social capital accumulation – Evidence from the case of Tohu in Montreal	These activities and facilities can contribute to the development of new opportunities for the individual, including cognitive dimensions, which lead to the improvement of human capital while bridging and developing connections and thus to a consequent expansion of social capital within the local population. .
Sandell, R.,	Social inclusion, the museum and the dynamics of sectoral change.	As agents of individual, community and societal change, museums have demonstrated their potential to contribute towards the combating of issues such as poor health, high crime, low educational attainment and unemployment. .
Sandell, R.,	Social inclusion, the museum and the dynamics of sectoral change.	Staff training and development, that will develop amongst all museum workers both an ethos of social responsibility and the tools, skills and knowledge to begin to work in an effective way, is needed to help to effect wider change. .
Sandell, R.,	Social inclusion, the museum and the dynamics of sectoral change.	The Registration Scheme is designed to act as both a minimum standards scheme and also a means through which museums can be encouraged, through advice and guidance from Area Museums Councils and Resource, to improve in all areas of practice, beyond the minimum requirements necessary to achieve registered museum status. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	This will promote: - links between innovation and cultural policy, artists and creatives to encourage innovation across the city, and to encourage this by linking digital and tech hubs with cultural and creative hubs; - use of heritage and memory to build self-awareness, self-worth, and social cohesion - this will build strong social values and help combat xenophobia, racism, antiSemitism, gender discrimination and extreme nationalism; - empowerment of people through artist and design-led education, living labs, and cocreation methodologies; - capacity building to enable quality local cultural expression, audience development, and participation; - intercultural dialogues and positive, proactive approaches to managing cultural integration; - the fight against social inequality in urban and rural contexts, by stimulating cultural entrepreneurship and better management of local cultural resources to maximise participation and ownership from citizens. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	Peer-learning activities facilitate the exchange of experience between cities and regions, and strengthen cooperation on cultural policies. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	This further perpetuates the need for awareness training for staff at cultural institutions and can further enhance a positive interaction between service users and professional staff. .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	For museums to meaningfully support socially isolated older people, and to offer programs that can usefully be part of local public health strategies, the museum as a social place of interaction involving people and objects, needs to be considered. .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	Facilitator training needs to take this into consideration if museums plan to offer programs that address substantive social and health issues. .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	6. Conclusion This study aimed to explore how museum programs created opportunities for social inclusion and wellbeing in socially isolated older people. .
Rocha V., Schall V.T., Lemos E.D.S.	The contribution of a science museum towards formation of healthcare concepts among young visitors A contribuição de um museu de ciências na formação de concepções sobre saúde de jovens visitantes	Promote evaluations continuation of the visit to Museum of Life with many different audiences and approaches necessary for your improvement , in a perspective of an education with commitment to contribute to the formation of citizens responsible and in a position to become participatory in the improvement of your health conditions . .
Camic P.M., Baker E.L., Tischler V.	Theorizing how art gallery interventions impact people with dementia and their caregivers	A better-developed understanding of this process could influence future research and help to further refine subsequent involvement of art galleries and museums in health and well-being improvement programs thus supporting different national dementia strategies. .
Rahm J.	Multiple Modes of Meaning-Making in a Science Center	When thinking of museum design, there is a clear need to develop museums and exhibits that support engagement in them over longer periods of time, which then makes possible the use of the tool-kit for meaning-making. .
Mantziou L.	Museum Cluster as Urban Defibrillator	Museums as a means for urban regeneration, as well as the formation of museum clusters are amid the tools for such a revitalization. .
Plaza B., Haarich S.N.	The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao: Between Regional Embeddedness and Global Networking	The authors conclude with some recommendations on strengthening both the regional embeddedness and the global networking potential of museums in order to generate positive effects on urban regeneration and regional development. .
Cristina M., Loreta C., Daniel P., George M., Cristian D., Radu P.	The role of technical museums in the regeneration of industrial functionally, restructured regions (Romania)	Museum and cultural organizations have been recognized as a value for the vitality and character of cities particularly within the idea of urban regeneration, that includes the challenge to achieve long-term, strategic reshaping of cities and neighbourhoods, set against a history of short-term, area-based initiatives. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	They help to build useful individual capacities for active participation in society give all children, young people and communities access to cultural offerings, promote social integration, strengthen cultural and educational processes in the country and promote cultural diversity. .
Hopkins P., Hare J., Donaghey J., Abbott W.	Geo, audio, video, photo: How digital convergence in mobile devices facilitates participatory culture in libraries	The examples illustrate how libraries can take advantage of opportunities presented by the converged media environment to deepen community engagement and social inclusion, and to facilitate a participatory and learning culture - tapping into new communities, engaging with their stakeholders in meaningful ways, enhancing their social impact and transforming their essential roles in todays knowledge society. .
Windle G., Joling K.J., Howson-Griffiths T., Woods B., Jones C.H., Van De Ven P.M., Newman A., Parkinson C.	The impact of a visual arts program on quality of life, communication, and well-being of people living with dementia: A mixed-methods longitudinal investigation	There is a growing interest toward including the arts in dementia care for improving outcomes, such as quality of life (QoL) and providing opportunities for social participation. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	they arise because community art really matters in peoples lives. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Some of the studies that fall into the first general category focus on the way the arts help connect members of a community together. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The arts can also offer opportunities for building social capital, since interest and involvement in the arts can lead people to participate in arts-based associations and organiza-tionsfor example, subscribing to community-based arts organizations, performing with arts-based groups such as choirs and neighborhood theaters, and volunteering with such groups or becoming a member of their boards. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Indeed, the primary purpose of certain types of creative activitycommunity art, for exampleis to build a sense of community and create a social identity among the participants. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Other venues and festivals place the public and the local community at the centre of their cultural project, either for ideological reasons, as part of the organisations mission, or to legitimise themselves in their social environment. .
Richards, G., ; Wilson , J.,	Social Capital, Cultural Festivals and Tourism in Catalunya	There is a direct relationship between membership of associations, active participation in cultural events and positive attitudes towards cultural change and tourism. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	Both the theater and the community arts project may enhance community pride and self-image. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Another indication of a communitys support for cultural activity is the number of resident artists. .
Beeksma, A., ; Chiara , D., C.	Participatory heritage in a gentrifying neighbourhood: Amsterdam’s Van Eesteren Museum as affective space of negotiations	These volunteers involvement is crucial to the museums existence and self-concept. .
Beeksma, A., ; Chiara , D., C.	Participatory heritage in a gentrifying neighbourhood: Amsterdam’s Van Eesteren Museum as affective space of negotiations	When we asked the volunteers what they enjoyed about their museum work, they emphasised the social dimension (the gezelligheid) of the place, sharing passions with likeminded people, and a desire to stay in touch with their professional field. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	In particular, carnivals and similar festivals can not only celebrate the cultural expressions of minorities, but can function as cultural assets that belongs to the whole city, and as vehicles for civic identity (ibid). .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	As acknowledged above, participatory arts engagement can bring great joy to the participants, initiate new social relationships, get people out of their comfort zones, possibly stimulate communities and enhance family bonds. .
Poulos, R.G.; Marwood, S.; Harkin, D.; Opher, S.; Clift, S.; Cole, A.M.D.; Rhee, J.; Beilharz, K.; Poulos, C.J.	Arts on prescription for community‐dwelling older people with a range of health and wellness needs	Furthermore, facilitation by professional artists enabled the production of creative works which were worthy of celebration and acknowledgement through exhibition or performance, affirming creativity to the participants themselves, their families, and their community. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Strengthening communities by bringing people together for shared cultural experiences is a priority for Providences political leaders, and ACTs Neighbourhood Performing Arts initiative in local parks across the city works with neighbourhood leaders to build capacity. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	It is also the foundation for the relationship of arts and culture to civic agency and engagement. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	For some, seeing their club or band included in an official museum exhibition brought a satisfying stamp of approval or at least recognition of their activities. .
Walmsley, B.,	Deep hanging out in the arts: an anthropological approach to capturing cultural value	This perhaps explains the participants focus on the importance of feeling welcome in arts spaces and venues. .
Bianchini, F., ; Tommarchi, E., ; Hansen, L., E.	Problematising the question of participation in Capitals of Culture	Several events pursued audience engagement and community involvement, in many cases celebrating local history. .
Lee B., Na I.S.	A case study of a community center project based on appropriate technology as a community capacity building of underdeveloped country	Particularly, this project was judged that the process of project planning and construction through participatory design and implementation with local residents contributed to enhance the local residents pride and the consciousness of the residents themselves. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	Spectators also value very positively the impact that the festival has on the image of the area and the cultural animation of the city, highlighting its bene$ts for the local inhabitants. .
Ylipulli J., Luusua A.	“Without libraries what have we? : Public libraries as nodes for technological empowerment in the era of smart cities, AI and big data	The libraries public image is very positive, and citizens consider them as respected cultural institutions. .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	However, for those who felt the museum program provided a new or missing social resource that was personally and emotionally meaningful, relationships created in this context were more likely to be experienced as valued, along with the physical place of the museum. .
Wilson L., Bryant W., Reynolds F., Lawson J.	Therapeutic outcomes in a museum? “You dont get them by aiming for them”. How a focus on arts participation promotes inclusion and well-being	The way to do it was to have those people feel genuinely that they were contributing to the life of this place and putting together an exhibition. .
Mantziou L.	Museum Cluster as Urban Defibrillator	A museum cluster is engraved in the collective consciousness as an innovative site for knowledge communion and culture, as a special quality element of the city. .
Mantziou L.	Museum Cluster as Urban Defibrillator	Nowadays, the new strategies for economic and urban regeneration through culture incorporate cultural clustering programmes, which in turn foster museum networking and museum concentration in an area. .
Mantziou L.	Museum Cluster as Urban Defibrillator	A critical parameter is the location of the museum cluster in the city, because it impacts the way it integrates in public life and attracts visitors. .
Lange-Valdés C.	Architecture as an apparatus of urban regeneration: 20 years of the Bilbao Guggenheim Museum La arquitectura como dispositivo de regeneración urbana: 20 años del Museo Guggenheim Bilbao	Although these practices ai not limited to the surroundings of the Museum, the sports use of the circuits surrounding it is massive, allowing new forms of sociability among the inhabitants, and fostering feelings of identity and belonging in relation to the Museum. .
Cristina M., Loreta C., Daniel P., George M., Cristian D., Radu P.	The role of technical museums in the regeneration of industrial functionally, restructured regions (Romania)	The success of a museum is visible and viable if the museum is strongly anchored in the local culture and history. .
Cristina M., Loreta C., Daniel P., George M., Cristian D., Radu P.	The role of technical museums in the regeneration of industrial functionally, restructured regions (Romania)	It is also necessary to get the local community involved in establishing and maintaining the museum, so as to easily convey to tourists its cultural importance, and success is translated by the inflow of tourists who validate the cultural importance of the respective tourist destination. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Arts programmes offer this segment of the population valuable skills and networks which can increase self-esteem and build status within their communities. .
Hambright-Belue S., Holland M.J.	Social impact through design: Experiments in urban agriculture	These civic interventions and productive community landscapes were meant to also create compelling spaces and places, and were to perceived as valuable, civic assets within the communities themselves. .
Małuj J., Załuski D.	Emotional and Social Potential of Art in the City	The issue of art in urban space is important because of the bonds and social relationships that can be generated by the creative process and the interaction with art as well as the symbolic and iconic value of artifacts for cities. .
Žilič Fišer S., Kožuh I.	The Impact of Cultural Events on Community Reputation and Pride in Maribor, The European Capital of Culture 2012	However, the pride and the reputation of the city was motivated, firstly, with the cultural events, but could also be spread towards the other fields of human actions (politics). .
Vakkari, P., ; Serola, S.,	Perceived outcomes of public libraries	Reading a book may increase one's knowledge, or help one relax at the end of the day. .
Kasahara-Kiritani, M.; Hadlaczky, G.; Westerlund, M.; Carli, V.; Wasserman, C.; Apter, A.; Balazs, J.; Bobes, J.; Brunner, R.; McMahon, E.M.; Cosman, D.; Farkas, L.; Haring, C.; Kaess, M.; Kahn, J.P.; Keeley, H.; Nemes, B.; Bitenc, U.M.; Postuvan, V.; Saiz, P.; Sisask, M.; Värnik, A.; Sarchiapone, M.; Hoven, C.W.; Wasserman, D.	Reading books and watching films as a protective factor against suicidal ideation	Other plausible explanations may be that books and films work as an escape, or retreat from daily stressors 14 , and serve as a tool to develop better stress coping skills, through an increase in mental health literacy, by example how book and film characters handle different problems. .
Kasahara-Kiritani, M.; Hadlaczky, G.; Westerlund, M.; Carli, V.; Wasserman, C.; Apter, A.; Balazs, J.; Bobes, J.; Brunner, R.; McMahon, E.M.; Cosman, D.; Farkas, L.; Haring, C.; Kaess, M.; Kahn, J.P.; Keeley, H.; Nemes, B.; Bitenc, U.M.; Postuvan, V.; Saiz, P.; Sisask, M.; Värnik, A.; Sarchiapone, M.; Hoven, C.W.; Wasserman, D.	Reading books and watching films as a protective factor against suicidal ideation	Conclusions Books and films may act as sources of social support or mental health literacy and thus reduce the suicide risk constituted by low sense of belonging. .
Bálint Á., Magyari J.	The use of bibliotherapy in revealing and addressing the spiritual needs of cancer patients	Bibliotherapy understood and practiced as a subtle balance of texts and group processes alleviates cognitive and emotional symptoms of a spiritual concern and facilitates finding meaning in life in general and illness in particular. .
Bálint Á., Magyari J.	The use of bibliotherapy in revealing and addressing the spiritual needs of cancer patients	Patient-reported outcomes associated with bibliotherapy included improved coping skills, reduced levels of anxiety and depression, increased self-esteem, social function, quality of life, better interpersonal, family, school, and global QoL, self-efficacy, perception of helpfulness and perception of support. .
Pettersson C.	Psychological well-being, improved self-confidence, and social capacity: bibliotherapy from a user perspective	This article in the field of bibliotherapy investigates how participation in a reading circle can contribute to psychological well-being in people with mental illness such as long-term depression and anxiety. .
Brewster L.	Murder by the book: Using crime fiction as a bibliotherapeutic resource	From a therapeutic point of view, supporting people to find pleasure in an activity like reading can be seen as a recovery-focused outcome. .
Brewster L.	Murder by the book: Using crime fiction as a bibliotherapeutic resource	Readingfrom poems to novels and non-fictionis used to positive effect, particularly where people have poor well-being or diagnosed mental health conditions including depression and anxiety. .
Brewster L.	Murder by the book: Using crime fiction as a bibliotherapeutic resource	Readers identified that reading improved their mental and physical well-being by enabling them to relax.34 .
Brewster L.	Murder by the book: Using crime fiction as a bibliotherapeutic resource	When discussing the benefits of reading for improving mental health, he considered reading these texts to be a form of treatment, helping him to avoid ruminating on the causes of his depression. .
Ameri F., Vazifeshenas N., Haghparast A.	The impact of audio book on the elderly mental health	Reading books is one of the tools that improve mental disorders. .
Ameri F., Vazifeshenas N., Haghparast A.	The impact of audio book on the elderly mental health	Therefore, participation in audio book workshops reduces dimensions of mental health in the elderly, and this difference in mental health in the experimental group is positive. .
Ameri F., Vazifeshenas N., Haghparast A.	The impact of audio book on the elderly mental health	Studies indicated that the mental health status of these people before reading books was low and after the completion of reading books sessions, the elderlys mental health status improved to a relatively favorable level. .
Ameri F., Vazifeshenas N., Haghparast A.	The impact of audio book on the elderly mental health	The role of books and reading in improvement of life and useful spending of leisure time is undeniable. .
Ameri F., Vazifeshenas N., Haghparast A.	The impact of audio book on the elderly mental health	However, the elderly for some reasons such as poor vision, impatience, and so on are less likely to use books and reading, while the book can be the best companion and can solve many psychological problems like depression, regretfulness, and so on. .
Müller S., Rohde P., Gau J.M., Stice E.	Moderators of the effects of indicated group and bibliotherapy cognitive behavioral depression prevention programs on adolescents depressive symptoms and depressive disorder onset	Participants were told, This book has been shown to be helpful to some individuals who are feeling sad or depressed. .
Cavanagh M.F., Robbins W.	Baby boomers, their elders and the public library	This study offered ways to think about the right kind of nurturing that would enhance that sense of the library as a meaningful and caring place for this growing segment of the population..
Funaro M.C., Rojiani R., Norton M.J.	Improving community well-being through collaborative initiatives at a medical library	The authors library serves health care professionals who experience high levels of stress due to everyday demands of work or study, which can have negative impacts on physical and mental health. .
Funaro M.C., Rojiani R., Norton M.J.	Improving community well-being through collaborative initiatives at a medical library	Mindfulness meditation in health care professional settings can decrease burnout and psychological stress, improve empathy, and increase well-being among nurses and primary care physicians 24-26 , as well as among nursing and medical students 27-29 . .
Funaro M.C., Rojiani R., Norton M.J.	Improving community well-being through collaborative initiatives at a medical library	I have found this Mindfulness @Yale program in the Med Library to be a rewarding experience, which has taught me a lot about meditation and tools for dealing with the daily work-related stress. .
Funaro M.C., Rojiani R., Norton M.J.	Improving community well-being through collaborative initiatives at a medical library	The library can offer space and staff time to create and promote self-care and wellness opportunities to help mitigate some of the stresses of being a health care student or professional. .
Athens L.	Design for social sustainability at Seattles central library	This allows less wear and tear on books, and frees librarians for other tasks. .
Collette N.	Art therapy and cancer Arteterapia y cáncer	It increases relaxation and communication, contributes to reduce pain, allows bearing of stressing experiences, promotes self-control feelings and increases self-esteem. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	They taught people excluded from traditional educational environments how to read, and fostered a critical capacity in those who could already read by diversifying their reading. .
Vakkari, P., ; Serola, S.,	Perceived outcomes of public libraries	Activities that help clientele identify interesting reading in fiction in particular, as well as make it more accessible, are likely to improve the major outcomes of public libraries. .
Vakkari, P., ; Serola, S.,	Perceived outcomes of public libraries	These studies could give a more detailed and comprehensive account of public libraries' role in benefiting people in the major areas of their lives. .
Jeannotte, M., S.	Singing alone? The contribution of cultural capital to social cohesion and sustainable communities	Libraries, in particular, organized many youth projects intended to foster a love of reading or literature or to commemorate historic events of significance to the community. .
Whiteman, E.D.; Dupuis, R.; Morgan, A.U.; D’Alonzo, B.; Epstein, C.; Klusaritz, H.; Cannuscio, C.C.	Public Libraries As Partners for Health	Literacy, a core mission of libraries, is a cornerstone of lifelong health. .
Whiteman, E.D.; Dupuis, R.; Morgan, A.U.; D’Alonzo, B.; Epstein, C.; Klusaritz, H.; Cannuscio, C.C.	Public Libraries As Partners for Health	Continuing education programs like these are necessary to equip library staff members to address the social determinants of health. .
Whiteman, E.D.; Dupuis, R.; Morgan, A.U.; D’Alonzo, B.; Epstein, C.; Klusaritz, H.; Cannuscio, C.C.	Public Libraries As Partners for Health	On-site trainings are an important first step in improving the self-efficacy of library staff members in assisting their patrons; however, other possible models include reforming library science degree curricula and creating linkages between health professionals and public libraries to offer support to both staff and patrons. .
Dowdall, N.; Melendez-Torres, G.J.; Murray, L.; Gardner, F.; Hartford, L.; Cooper, P.J.	Shared Picture Book Reading Interventions for Child Language Development: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis	In these settings, interactive book-sharing interventions have the potential to bring about marked, positive effects on childrens early language development and, possibly, their wider developmental progress..
Brown, M.I.; Westerveld, M.F.; Trembath, D.; Gillon, G.T.	Promoting language and social communication development in babies through an early storybook reading intervention	This included using more age appropriate books, creating a language stimulating reading environment, and implementing strategies to support parent-child interactions. .
Chamberlain, D.; Heaps, D.; Robert, I.	Bibliotherapy and information prescriptions: a summary of the published evidence‐base and recommendations from past and ongoing Books on Prescription projects	In particular, the evidence that the condition of the individual had positively improved because of their participation in a books/information scheme. .
Grasaas E., Fegran L., Helseth S., Stinson J., Martinez S., Lalloo C., Haraldstad K.	Icancope with pain: Cultural adaptation and usability testing of a self-management app for adolescents with persistent pain in Norway	These participants found it motivating to set goals and read articles in the library section based on those goals. .
Malyn B.O., Thomas Z., Ramsey-Wade C.E.	Reading and writing for well-being: A qualitative exploration of the therapeutic experience of older adult participants in a bibliotherapy and creative writing group	Based on the findings of this study, a recommendation could be made that facilitators of reading and writing for well-being groups should be trained in both the literary and psychotherapeutic arts. .
Malyn B.O., Thomas Z., Ramsey-Wade C.E.	Reading and writing for well-being: A qualitative exploration of the therapeutic experience of older adult participants in a bibliotherapy and creative writing group	An increased understanding of these therapeutic mechanisms can be applied by practitioners to improve facilitation of therapeutic reading and writing groups, or to support mindful integration of literary interventions into more traditional individual and group therapies. .
Pulimeno M., Piscitelli P., Colazzo S.	Children’s literature to promote students’ global development and wellbeing	In a didactic perspective, properly chosen storybooks represent a valuable resource for school activities, improving students language skills and building up a friendly/respectful classroom environment. .
Pulimeno M., Piscitelli P., Colazzo S.	Children’s literature to promote students’ global development and wellbeing	Conclusion: Childrens literature and storytelling could be helpful in promoting students global development and wellbeing, when included in school curricular activities. .
Pulimeno M., Piscitelli P., Colazzo S.	Children’s literature to promote students’ global development and wellbeing	Understanding the principles and practices of bibliotherapy is essential for teachers and educators, working with children, who may take benefit from the exposure to reading materials related to their specific problems. .
Carty S., Thompson L., Berger S., Jahnke K., Llewellyn R.	Books on Prescription - Community-based health initiative to increase access to mental health treatment: An evaluation	Key areas for improvement were identified: booklist literacy level and breadth of topic area; confidentiality; program promotion; and prescriber/librarian training. .
Lenstra N.	Movement-based programs in U.S. and Canadian public libraries: Evidence of impacts from an exploratory survey	As a result, more work is needed to understand how public libraries impact health as well as to prepare public librarians to incorporate evidence into this service area. .
Lenstra N.	Movement-based programs in U.S. and Canadian public libraries: Evidence of impacts from an exploratory survey	Furthermore, the fact that so many libraries reported new users being brought to libraries because of these types of programs suggests that these programs also contribute to community engagement in libraries. .
Japzon A., Agosto D.E.	Exploration of the motivation for and knowledge of preservation practices for personal digital artifacts	This study will also result in recommendations of methods that libraries can use to teach individuals about the skills and knowledge needed to develop and maintain personal digital collections..
Cole N., Stenström C.	The Value of California’s Public Libraries	Learning and knowledge development Californias public libraries provide opportunities and support for learning and knowledge development; for health and wellbeing; for community development; and for economic development. .
Cole N., Stenström C.	The Value of California’s Public Libraries	Public library summer reading programs encourage and help children and teens to read and learn while school is out. .
Cole N., Stenström C.	The Value of California’s Public Libraries	Californias public library literacy programs help adults gain basic literacy skills, achieve learning goals, and use library services effectively. .
Garcia Yeste C., Gairal Casadó R., Munté Pascual A., Plaja Viñas T.	Dialogic literary gatherings and out-of-home child care: Creation of new meanings through classic literature	DLGs promote reading and sharing classic books, creating new and inspiring meanings in children's lives, meanings connected to an interest in learning, and acquiring new skills. .
Rahman M.K.A., Hashim N.S.N., Jufry F.D.M.	Liminality of Igal ritual theater: A solution of Tulah	Earlier on, library study was done to obtain information to improve the understanding and clarification for the next research. .
Huysmans, F., ; Oomes, M.,	Measuring the public library's societal value: A methodological research program.	On the community level, libraries are perceived to add value in the fields of: social interaction; promoting social inclusion; bridging the generation gap and providing a focal point for the community. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Recurrent gatherings of a book group, for example, provide an opportunity for socializing, which builds trust, even friendship, and may create social capital. .
Morse, N.; Thomson, L.J.M.; Brown, Z.; Chatterjee, H.J.	Effects of creative museum outreach sessions on measures of confidence, sociability and well-being for mental health and addiction recovery service-users	The activities provided spaces of conviviality, conversation and friendship, and the focus on group decision-making enabled further interaction and forms of non-medical peer-support. .
Brown, M.I.; Westerveld, M.F.; Trembath, D.; Gillon, G.T.	Promoting language and social communication development in babies through an early storybook reading intervention	Understanding how other factors may possibly influence language and social communication development whilst reading, such as frequency and time spent reading each day may provide useful information. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Through the provision of opportunities for gatherings and interactions after revitalization, people can make new friends while keeping up their close relationships with their present neighbours. .
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	Consequently, attendance of adult education classes and groups might particularly promote health and well-being through enlarging a participants circle of acquaintances, with the potential for these to become closer friends over time. .
Malyn B.O., Thomas Z., Ramsey-Wade C.E.	Reading and writing for well-being: A qualitative exploration of the therapeutic experience of older adult participants in a bibliotherapy and creative writing group	It was found that engaging in reading and writing as a group fosters strong group cohesion, helping to reduce social isolation, and challenges participants to explore how they relate to others through sharing one's own, and hearing each other's, stories. .
Pettersson C.	Psychological well-being, improved self-confidence, and social capacity: bibliotherapy from a user perspective	Their common interest has generated further topics of conversation, a mutual exchange of literature recommendations, and strengthened relationships. .
Środa-Murawska S.	Railway feat. culture – Rumia library effect as an example of the influence of culture-led regeneration in a medium-sized city in Poland	As public libraries are open to the public and have adequate space to create social interaction, they can become a third place for local communities. .
Ylipulli J., Luusua A.	“Without libraries what have we? : Public libraries as nodes for technological empowerment in the era of smart cities, AI and big data	The library system represents a major opportunity for participatory researchers to reach a wider audience. .
Peterson M.	Living with difference in hyper-diverse areas: how important are encounters in semi-public spaces? Vécu de la différence dans les quartiers hyper-divers : importance des rencontres dans les espaces semi-publics El vivir con lo diferente en zonas excesivamente diversas: ¿cuán importantes son los encuentros en espacios semi-públicos?	Clearly, the library can provide a meeting point for some. .
Peterson M.	Living with difference in hyper-diverse areas: how important are encounters in semi-public spaces? Vécu de la différence dans les quartiers hyper-divers : importance des rencontres dans les espaces semi-publics El vivir con lo diferente en zonas excesivamente diversas: ¿cuán importantes son los encuentros en espacios semi-públicos?	Notably, the cafe area at the library enables visitors to experience and engage in amicable and meaningful interactions as well. .
Cole N., Stenström C.	The Value of California’s Public Libraries	Some people will use the library for study, some to make connections and develop community with other people, some for entertainment and fun. .
Cole N., Stenström C.	The Value of California’s Public Libraries	Examples included providing programming for teens who faced challenges in accessing other inclusive activities, developing spaces and programs for people to learn with technology and other resources, organizing events at which neighborhood residents connected, facilitating gatherings and providing safe and welcoming environments for marginalized cultural groups, and inviting expert guests to share their knowledge on topics of interest to library users. .
Cole N., Stenström C.	The Value of California’s Public Libraries	Libraries contribute to the communitys social infrastructure by providing a public space where people can make connections (Usherwood and Linley 1998). .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	Trying to spread the word and engage other older people is another way the sharing process provided opportunities for connection. .
Wilson L., Bryant W., Reynolds F., Lawson J.	Therapeutic outcomes in a museum? “You dont get them by aiming for them”. How a focus on arts participation promotes inclusion and well-being	Inclusion is not just about increasing diversity of visitor profiles, however, but about increasing social links or networks between people. .
Paddon H.L., Thomson L.J.M., Menon U., Lanceley A.E., Chatterjee H.J.	Mixed methods evaluation of well-being benefits derived from a heritage-in-health intervention with hospital patients	Participant features consisted of the influence of social/physical/environmental contexts, thinking and meaning-making, positive interactions and self-esteem, whereas facilitator features comprised encouraging engagement, communicating knowledge and information and building trust and developing rapport. .
Walwema J.	Digital notebooks: Composing with open access	Thus, maximizing the potential of writing online in global contexts involves connecting in ways that build a continually interacting community around a shared area of interest. .
Małuj J., Załuski D.	Emotional and Social Potential of Art in the City	It also contributes to building relationships among people. .
Hopkins P., Hare J., Donaghey J., Abbott W.	Geo, audio, video, photo: How digital convergence in mobile devices facilitates participatory culture in libraries	To deepen community engagement and social inclusion, libraries are adopting new technologies to facilitate a participatory and learning culture. .
Hopkins P., Hare J., Donaghey J., Abbott W.	Geo, audio, video, photo: How digital convergence in mobile devices facilitates participatory culture in libraries	The convergence technologies of Web 2.0/Library 2.0 have been a stimulus for the participatory library and librarians are being encouraged to craft their tools and services to enable users to communicate and join in (Stephens 2007). .
Strong, J., V.; Mast, B., T.	The cognitive functioning of older adult instrumental musicians and non-musicians.	The results contribute to the existing literature in unique ways and suggest many possible paths for future research endeavors. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Helping to plan or organise a project offers routes not just for personal development, but also for strengthening community institutions and voluntary groups. .
Grossi, E., ; Sacco, P.L., ; Blessi, G.T., ; Cerutti, R.,	The Impact of Culture on the Individual Subjective Well-Being of the Italian Population: An Exploratory Study	Higher levels of education and acculturation allow individuals to make better informed and selfconscious choices, which have a positive impact in terms of self-determination and health-serving habits and practices. .
Grossi, E., ; Sacco, P.L., ; Blessi, G.T., ; Buscema, M.,	The Interaction Between Culture, Health and Psychological Well-Being: Data Mining from the Italian Culture and Well-Being Project	Higher levels of education and acculturation allow individuals to make better informed and self-conscious choices, which have a positive impact in terms of selfdetermination and health-serving habits and practices. .
Vakkari, P., ; Serola, S.,	Perceived outcomes of public libraries	The latter type of research explores to what extent library use in general has benefited people in various aspects of their lives, such as education. .
Vakkari, P., ; Serola, S.,	Perceived outcomes of public libraries	These studies enrich the account of the social role of public libraries. .
Vakkari, P., ; Serola, S.,	Perceived outcomes of public libraries	Previous studies have introduced various areas of life in which people derive benefits from library use. .
Vakkari, P., ; Serola, S.,	Perceived outcomes of public libraries	Libraries seem to be most used for providing a means for literary recreation and experience, and self-development during leisure time. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	A recent study, published by Resource, of the impact of new library buildings on their communities, highlights the importance of the social space that libraries provide .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	As a result of the course, participants found they read in a different way and were happy to read a wider range and different types of books. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	in individuals, which encouraged both personal development and wider involvement in their local community. .
Malyn B.O., Thomas Z., Ramsey-Wade C.E.	Reading and writing for well-being: A qualitative exploration of the therapeutic experience of older adult participants in a bibliotherapy and creative writing group	The data brought together to develop this theme indicate that reading and writing for well-being groups can contribute to participant well-being by offering participants a tool for eliciting insight and emotional exploration. .
Pulimeno M., Piscitelli P., Colazzo S.	Children’s literature to promote students’ global development and wellbeing	Implications for practice This review indicates that childrens literature not only presents a strong pedagogical and didactic value, but it can also generate benefits for global development and wellbeing of young people. .
Środa-Murawska S.	Railway feat. culture – Rumia library effect as an example of the influence of culture-led regeneration in a medium-sized city in Poland	However, recent years have shown a positive change in the perception of the potential that libraries have for broadly understood development. .
Lenstra N.	Movement-based programs in U.S. and Canadian public libraries: Evidence of impacts from an exploratory survey	Hopefully this evidence will contribute to more conversations and research on the roles of public libraries in public health and wellness. .
Lenstra N.	Movement-based programs in U.S. and Canadian public libraries: Evidence of impacts from an exploratory survey	The article concludes by discussing how these results can productively inform our understanding of the evolving roles of public libraries in relation to public health and wellness. .
Cavanagh M.F., Robbins W.	Baby boomers, their elders and the public library	Library-as-place frames this study because it offers a rich and holistic perspective on the role of public libraries in peoples lives. .
Funaro M.C., Rojiani R., Norton M.J.	Improving community well-being through collaborative initiatives at a medical library	Our library is committed to serving the needs of our community by identifying opportunities to improve their well-being. .
Deane K., Fitch M., Carman M.	An innovative art therapy program for cancer patients.	Participants felt that the program fostered personal growth. .
Cole N., Stenström C.	The Value of California’s Public Libraries	Public libraries provide opportunities and support for learning and knowledge development through formal and informal classes; one-to-one tutoring; access to books, instruments, technology, and other resources (Bertot, McClure, and Jaeger 2008); space for individuals and groups to interact with others; cultural programming; and opportunities for people to study, research, play, and create (Halpin et al. 2015). .
Kesler T., Gibson L., Jr., Turansky C.	Bringing the book to life: Responding to historical fiction using digital storytelling	This entry shows expansive literacy learning that occurred as students engaged in this project. .
Goddard J.	Valuing the place of young people with learning disabilities in the arts	The model supports learning that by using instructional arrangements that provide opportunities to form cooperative relationships in which students support each other and serve as learning models, students have multiple models and guides to practice and encourage the development of new and emerging abilities. .
Vettraino E., Linds W., Jindal-Snape D.	Embodied voices: using applied theatre for co-creation with marginalised youth	The continuity of connection between facilitators and the young people was also pivotal to the learning process and this raises implications for teachers engaging in embodied work within classroom contexts where perhaps a number of different teachers work with a given group. .
Huysmans, F., ; Oomes, M.,	Measuring the public library's societal value: A methodological research program.	The project has demonstrated that public libraries sustain the community and contribute positively to several fields reflecting four types of wellbeing in society: social (offer safe, harmonious, welcoming and inclusive environment; promote acceptance and understanding of others; ensure free and equitable access to collections; address the needs of specific target groups; contribute to develop, maintain and improve literacy levels; and preserve the past through extensive local and family history collections); cultural (play an active role in local cultural coordinating committee; participate in literary events; celeb-rate cultural diversity; work with local theatres to promote events; host local artists and travelling exhibitions; cooperate with other cultural institutions; keep alive the names and work of significant Australians); economic (enable users to avoid or reduce expenditures, enlarge job opportunities; support local businesses; build programs to establish new libraries or extend/refurbish existing libraries; assist small to medium-sized enterprises to maintain high professional standards and compete with larger organizations; contribute to tourism); environmental. .
Ylipulli J., Luusua A.	“Without libraries what have we? : Public libraries as nodes for technological empowerment in the era of smart cities, AI and big data	We explore the potential of public libraries to act as an ally and cooperation partner in participatory design and technology education in general, with a significant potential to broaden micro-level actions' impact. .
Cavanagh M.F., Robbins W.	Baby boomers, their elders and the public library	In identifying place literature as a useful way to contextualize library research for an aging population, we are suggesting that library users experiences are multi-dimensional, comprising a range of behaviours, activities, attachments, and memories, all of which contribute to evolving individual and collective ideas about the public library. .
Cole N., Stenström C.	The Value of California’s Public Libraries	These libraries deliver value for individuals, families, groups, communities, and society as a whole. .
Cole N., Stenström C.	The Value of California’s Public Libraries	Libraries enrich their meal service by engaging families with the annual summer reading program; learning and enrichment programs; and programming focusing on health, nutrition, and physical fitness. .
Hopkins P., Hare J., Donaghey J., Abbott W.	Geo, audio, video, photo: How digital convergence in mobile devices facilitates participatory culture in libraries	The examples illustrate how libraries are innovating with these platforms and becoming more transparent, participatory, socially inclusive and creative. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	Finally, the realization of the role of arts in regeneration may require attitudinal changes amongst local people, development specialists as well as arts workers themselves. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Measuring changes in subjective well‑being from engagement in the arts, culture and sport	This strengthens arguments for increased availability and access to the arts, culture and sport, highlighted in existing research as an important factor in mediating relative subjective well-being impacts of leisure activities. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	One of the ways suggested by the report to spark interest in culture, especially for what concerns young people, is to give more relevance to the arts and humanities in the school environment. .
Galloway, S.,	Theory-based evaluation and the social impact of the arts	It forms part of a research strategy designed to pilot approaches and methods for improving the evidence base for the arts. .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	Aims: This literature review aims to illustrate the variety and multitude of studies showing that participation in arts activities and clinical arts interventions can be beneficial for citizens with mental and physical health problems. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Despite the lack of resources, the study eventually contributes to the cultural and creative industries policy debates, building on the pre-existing indices and providing new ideas for discussion. .
Malyn B.O., Thomas Z., Ramsey-Wade C.E.	Reading and writing for well-being: A qualitative exploration of the therapeutic experience of older adult participants in a bibliotherapy and creative writing group	The themes that were developed both support the findings of past research into community-based participatory arts groups and build upon them, giving voice to unique perspectives and exploring the specific power of the literary arts. .
Bergqvist P., Punzi E.	“Living poets society”–a qualitative study of how Swedish psychologists incorporate reading and writing in clinical work	Moreover, the freedom to express oneself through a poem can foster new experiences, since a creative space opens up. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	Moreover, the festival has also provided opportunities for organisations such as libraries and long-stay care settings to impact positively on social inclusion through arts programmes that reached out to hitherto marginalised groups of older people. .
Boyce M., Bungay H., Munn-Giddings C., Wilson C.	The impact of the arts in healthcare on patients and service users: A critical review	The flexibility of such approaches might guide future work to explore and understand why and how music is important from the perspectives of a variety of stakeholders. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Our Contributors The chapters presented in this book provide a range of perspectives on the role of the arts, and of music in particular, in fostering and maintaining health and well-being. .
Habron J., Butterly F., Gordon I., Roebuck A.	Being well, being musical: Music composition as a resource and occupation for older people	Taking this metaphor further, one might say that participants used music both to explore the chapters of their lives that had already been experienced (written) and to consider the future the pages as yet blank, but with potential to be shaped in new ways that the musical composition could help them to articulate. .
Hopkins P., Hare J., Donaghey J., Abbott W.	Geo, audio, video, photo: How digital convergence in mobile devices facilitates participatory culture in libraries	Librarians are also using these apps to produce and share their educational and promotional content more imaginatively. .
Vakkari, P., ; Serola, S.,	Perceived outcomes of public libraries	By investing in the services significant for these client groups, public libraries could reduce the information gap between well- and less educated people, and in this way advance one of its major goals, providing equal access to information. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Cognitive benefits can be generated by better educationthat is, by providing more-effective reading and mathematics courses. .
Whiteman, E.D.; Dupuis, R.; Morgan, A.U.; D’Alonzo, B.; Epstein, C.; Klusaritz, H.; Cannuscio, C.C.	Public Libraries As Partners for Health	Given the broad reach of libraries in diverse communities across the country, partnerships between public libraries and public health offer a promising path to chronic disease prevention and health promotion..
Pulimeno M., Piscitelli P., Colazzo S.	Children’s literature to promote students’ global development and wellbeing	Finally, it can be said that storytelling activities (including readers theatre) in school setting represent innovative didactic experiences, capable to build up also health knowledge and promote students global wellbeing. .
Pulimeno M., Piscitelli P., Colazzo S.	Children’s literature to promote students’ global development and wellbeing	Learning experiences carried out in a friendly school environment generate improvement of emotional health and better academic achievements8,110-116 A properly chosen book stimulates childrens power of observation, reason, memory and imagination, broadening the range of experiences, compelling the readers to reflect on their behaviours, and find out possible solutions to their troubles while providing entertainment. .
Martins J.C.	Tangible cultural heritage re-appropriation towards a new urban centrality. A critical crossroad in semi-peripheral eastern riverside lisbon	This library, as a cultural, community and gathering space, has several activities, mostly oriented towards youngsters and their school activities and homework, as well as a new technologies area, that has computers to promote new learning experiences and capacities, and possibly in the future, to create a new IT hub with local promotors. .
Lenstra N.	Movement-based programs in U.S. and Canadian public libraries: Evidence of impacts from an exploratory survey	Better understanding the impacts of this emerging programming area could potentially contribute to the development of tools to assess how public libraries impact health and wellness, which could potentially be included in the U.S.based Project Outcome toolkit (Public Library Association, 2017), as well as in other assessment tools being developed elsewhere (Cole & Ryan, 2016). .
Cole N., Stenström C.	The Value of California’s Public Libraries	They provide opportunities and support for learning and knowledge development, health and wellbeing, community development, and economic development. .
Cole N., Stenström C.	The Value of California’s Public Libraries	Underpinning and cutting across this preliminary framework, we also saw the following sources of value: a robust foundation of access to and use of technology in public libraries; the unique combination of people, space, information, ideas, and opportunities that comprises the library; and the transformative outcomes that public libraries can produce through their services. .
Cole N., Stenström C.	The Value of California’s Public Libraries	Community development The category of community development includes crisis response and the librarys contribution to community resilience; the generation of social capital within local communities; and the librarys contribution to the communitys social infrastructure. .
Cole N., Stenström C.	The Value of California’s Public Libraries	Conclusion Todays libraries are at the heart of their communities, delivering innovative educational resources and programs. .
Cole N., Stenström C.	The Value of California’s Public Libraries	Library staff work to create an equitable society by providing free access to accurate information to all people. .
Funaro M.C., Rojiani R., Norton M.J.	Improving community well-being through collaborative initiatives at a medical library	Background: In an increasingly digital age, the role of the library is changing to better serve its community. .
Twedt E., Proffitt D.R., Hearn D.L.	Art and aging: Digital projects for individuals with dementia	Regardless of the size or content of the project, action teaching creates a supportive environment for students to go beyond lecture and textbook material by engaging in a highly interactive, immersive, and meaningful learning experience that impacts the larger community. .
García-Jiménez E., Guzmán-Simón F., Moreno-Morilla C.	Literacy as a social practice in pre-school education: A case study in areas at risk of social exclusion	The social value of literacy is supported by the work done within the school. .
Martin R.E., Korchinski M., Fels L., Leggo C.	Arresting hope: Women taking action in prison health inside out	As a poet and educator I am committed to supporting others so they can grow as writers. .
Stockwell R.	Creative play: Welcoming students into a community of practice in creative writing through a participatory action research project	Participatory action research The overriding objective of this project is to improve the learning opportunities available to my students. .
Athens L.	Design for social sustainability at Seattles central library	Voter support for investment in libraries indicates that citizens value public access to local culture and knowledge, which contributes to literacy. .
Breed A.	Environmental aesthetics, social engagement and aesthetic experiences in Central Asia	In this way, the practice fosters the communal transmission of knowledge. .
Vakkari, P., ; Serola, S.,	Perceived outcomes of public libraries	Thus, the younger the respondent, the more they felt they benefited from library services in their cultural interests. .
Whiteman, E.D.; Dupuis, R.; Morgan, A.U.; D’Alonzo, B.; Epstein, C.; Klusaritz, H.; Cannuscio, C.C.	Public Libraries As Partners for Health	Another wrote, W e are making a positive impact on patrons lives throughout the community by providing a safe, warm environment and numerous opportunities to socialize . . . Finally, one respondent stated, I truly believe in the power of libraries and the positive impact they have on peoples lives. .
Cole N., Stenström C.	The Value of California’s Public Libraries	Clearly, libraries are well-used, vital, valued parts of their communities. .
Cole N., Stenström C.	The Value of California’s Public Libraries	Libraries are accessible anchor institutions and essential community hubs. .
Žilič Fišer S., Kožuh I.	The Impact of Cultural Events on Community Reputation and Pride in Maribor, The European Capital of Culture 2012	For instance, Liu (2014), revealed in the case of Liverpool 2008, an impact in terms of improved residents sense of place and pride, enhanced quality of life, as well as accessibility and the inclusion effect of cultural events for residents. .
Hopkins P., Hare J., Donaghey J., Abbott W.	Geo, audio, video, photo: How digital convergence in mobile devices facilitates participatory culture in libraries	Libraries are often hailed as the cultural and learning hub of their communities. .
Hopkins P., Hare J., Donaghey J., Abbott W.	Geo, audio, video, photo: How digital convergence in mobile devices facilitates participatory culture in libraries	Most importantly, this new model is leading to a new sense of community amongst library users. .
Morita H., Sugamura G.	Reading poems to oneself affects emotional state and level of distraction	(a) silent reading of positive poetry from a personal and social point of view tends to make one feel relaxed, and .
Hill Strategies , R.,	Social Effects of the Arts: Exploratory Statistical Evidence.	While there are many other factors that could play a significant role in the social indicators examined in the report, the positive findings regarding book readers indicate that there may indeed be a link between book reading and positive social engagement. .
Venerandi A., Quattrone G., Capra L.	City form and well-being: What makes London neighborhoods good places to live?	The hypothesis is that presence of green areas is beneficial for citizens wellness, as it might reduce air pollutants, encourage more physical activity, and also have a therapeutic function against stress. .
Reynolds F., Vivat B., Prior S.	Womens experiences of increasing subjective well-being in CFS/ME through leisure-based arts and crafts activities: A qualitative study	Participants were actively engaged in strategies such as pacing and relaxation to enable them to carry out everyday activities and maintain a positive attitude. .
Grasaas E., Fegran L., Helseth S., Stinson J., Martinez S., Lalloo C., Haraldstad K.	Icancope with pain: Cultural adaptation and usability testing of a self-management app for adolescents with persistent pain in Norway	The library provided age-appropriate information and pain coping strategies; the participants found this easy to use and interesting, as it offered articles and exercises. .
Bergqvist P., Punzi E.	“Living poets society”–a qualitative study of how Swedish psychologists incorporate reading and writing in clinical work	She found that reading contributes to self-confidence, social interaction, and wellbeing. .
Troscianko E.T.	Literary reading and eating disorders: Survey evidence of therapeutic help and harm	I find reading completely invaluable as a therapeutic experience and means of exploring my feelings and potential. .
Brewster L.	Murder by the book: Using crime fiction as a bibliotherapeutic resource	The aim of these interventions is to bring together readers with texts that they may find restorative. .
Brewster L.	Murder by the book: Using crime fiction as a bibliotherapeutic resource	Further research with readers exploring their preferences may help to develop current interventions and identify new ways in which reading can be used as a supportive tool for mental health problems..
Cheong C.Y., Tan J.A.Q., Foong Y.-L., Koh H.M., Chen D.Z.Y., Tan J.J.C., Ng C.J., Yap P.	Creative Music Therapy in an Acute Care Setting for Older Patients with Delirium and Dementia	Extant literature shows that music therapy can enhance engagement and mood, thereby ameliorating agitated behaviours. .
Lu Q., Zheng D., Young L., Kagawa-Singer M., Loh A.	A pilot study of expressive writing intervention among Chinese-speaking breast cancer survivors	We hypothesized that expressive writing would be associated with improvement in quality of life, physical health (i.e., fatigue and physical symptoms) and psychological adjustment (i.e., affect, intrusive thoughts, post-traumatic stress, and post-traumatic growth). .
Lu Q., Zheng D., Young L., Kagawa-Singer M., Loh A.	A pilot study of expressive writing intervention among Chinese-speaking breast cancer survivors	More importantly, the current study demonstrated that writing was associated with improvement in fatigue, quality of life, and psychological adjustment (posttraumatic stress, intrusive thoughts, and positive affect). .
Blackburn C.	‘The people in the purple shirts’: Froebelian insights to a Singing Medicine project in a children’s hospital	This can include helping to calm children, improve their mood or stimulate them where necessary. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	Qualitative enquiry into the meaning of such activities, found that participants derived well-being through keeping busy, feeling useful and valued, experiencing mental stimulation and relaxation, and meeting others. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	Participants shared that it makes them happy, releases stress, energizes them, relaxes them, motivates them, helps them focus when studying, facilitates connections with others, and inspires them. .
Shim A., Yecies B., Ren X., Wang D.	Cultural intermediation and the basis of trust among webtoon and webnovel communities	In addition to reading translated fiction, fan readers also actively engage in activities, including discussion, co-creation, sharing, and social media networking. .
Yonas, M., A.; Burke, J., G.; Rak, K., ; Bennerr, A., ; Kelly, V., ; Gielen, A., C.	A Picture’s Worth a Thousand Words: Engaging Youth in CBPR Using the Creative Arts.	The method provides a unique opportunity for young people to inform, implement, and interpret and guide the application of research findings. .
Li, Y., ; Winters, J., V.	Urbanisation, natural amenities and subjective well-being: Evidence from US counties.	That these factors might affect well-being is not new, but the approach taken in this paper is novel in many ways and aims to provide additional insights to the existing literature. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Jetten J., Rowan C.	Identification with arts-based groups improves mental wellbeing in adults with chronic mental health conditions	The writing group also allowed participants to develop hope and empowerment. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Many participants go on to become involved in other community activities or personal development through training. .
Horton, S., ; Spence, J.,	Scoping the economic and social impact of archives.	This text may then form part of the active research use of a subsequent academic researcher, who will go on to generate further research products. .
Malyn B.O., Thomas Z., Ramsey-Wade C.E.	Reading and writing for well-being: A qualitative exploration of the therapeutic experience of older adult participants in a bibliotherapy and creative writing group	In addition to supporting the future implementation of further reading and writing for well-being groups, this research has practice implications for the more traditional group and individual therapies. .
Secker J., Heydinrych K., Kent L., Keay J.	Why art? Exploring the contribution to mental well-being of the creative aspects and processes of visual art-making in an arts and mental health course	(Poppy) Having laid the foundations for learning in the first session, skills development was a core aim of the sessions that followed and participants were encouraged to continue learning between sessions. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	For example, the drama projects and Connections, which used literature as a tool for exploring human behaviour, encouraged participants to see things from others point of view. .
Perna V., Ferri G.	In and out domains: Playful principles to in-form urban solutions; A dialogue between architects and game scholars	Furthermore, empathy is deeply related to the idea of understanding of other peoples situation to change our perspective. .
Pettersson C.	Psychological well-being, improved self-confidence, and social capacity: bibliotherapy from a user perspective	The participants in this study also stressed thoughts and feelings usually viewed in traditional bibliotherapy as insights, and they related absorbing the realities in the texts and seeing themselves in contexts larger than their own lives. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	It can lead to a new understanding of peoples learning processes, both in terms of emotion and cognition. .
Martin R.E., Korchinski M., Fels L., Leggo C.	Arresting hope: Women taking action in prison health inside out	They can also be places of hope, where people with difficult lived experiences can begin to compose stories full of healing, anticipation, communication, education, connection, and community. .
Garcia Yeste C., Gairal Casadó R., Munté Pascual A., Plaja Viñas T.	Dialogic literary gatherings and out-of-home child care: Creation of new meanings through classic literature	(Marta) 6.2 \| Knowledge of the reality of others and the development of empathy Sharing a dialogue space through a book in which thoughts and reflections are connected to the participants' lives encourages greater knowledge of other people. .
Selman P., Carter C., Lawrence A., Morgan C.	Re-connecting with a recovering river through imaginative engagement	RESULTS The effects of imaginative engagement on participants Our various evaluation techniques indicated that using imaginative writing as a tool for active engagement and learning was a positive and valued experience for all. .
Secker J., Heydinrych K., Kent L., Keay J.	Why art? Exploring the contribution to mental well-being of the creative aspects and processes of visual art-making in an arts and mental health course	The creative processes identified revolved around playful experimentation and inspiration, and there is supporting evidence in the wider literature that both have a part to play in the promotion of well-being. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	Looking inwards: Gaining a rich mental life Art-making was valued for its capacity to stimulate thought and learning. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	The positive experiences were tied up with firstly, whetting one's appetite and original passion for history and place; secondly, meeting other like-minded people and seeing wider community connections grow; and thirdly, seeing the final product come to fruition and sharing it. .
Pavluković V., Stankov U., Arsenović D.	Social impacts of music festivals: A comparative study of sziget (Hungary) and exit (Serbia) Družbeni vplivi glasbenih festivalov: Primerjalna študija festivalov sziget na Madžarskem in exit v Srbiji	This is consistent with the literature in general, which emphasizes that local communities are more aware of festival benefits to the community. .
Nan, J., K.; Ho, R.,T.	Effects of clay art therapy on adults outpatients with major depressive disorder: A randomized controlled trial.	These various processes can help raise the ability to properly understand emotion and better control of emotional expression. .
Dunkeld C., Wright M.L., Banerjee R.A., Easterbrook M.J., Slade L.	Television exposure, consumer culture values, and lower well-being among preadolescent children: The mediating role of consumer-focused coping strategies	In general, the former are associated with adaptive functioning and well-being because actively engaging with problems and sources of distress, especially over time, helps people develop effective ways to manage difficult situations and emotions. .
Bergqvist P., Punzi E.	“Living poets society”–a qualitative study of how Swedish psychologists incorporate reading and writing in clinical work	In order to understand how patients in mental health care perceive reading and writing, personal experiences need to be acknowledged. .
Hanson K.	Positive Psychology for Overcoming Symptoms of Depression: A Pilot Study Exploring the Efficacy of a Positive Psychology Self-Help Book versus a CBT Self-Help Book	The book also explores the role of thoughts and feelings in depression, and identifies methods for labelling and challenging negative thoughts that may contribute to the symptoms of depression. .
Troscianko E.T.	Literary reading and eating disorders: Survey evidence of therapeutic help and harm	Further research in this direction promises leverage on the dynamics of literary response as they directly impact on (and are impacted by) readers physical and mental health. .
Brewster L.	Murder by the book: Using crime fiction as a bibliotherapeutic resource	Several key studies have examined observed reading practices (asking readers what they read and what impact it had on them), concluding that reading is viewed positively and can comfort, inspire, provide validation of emotions and selfrecognition, be cathartic and help to provide information to cope with life.32 33 .
Müller S., Rohde P., Gau J.M., Stice E.	Moderators of the effects of indicated group and bibliotherapy cognitive behavioral depression prevention programs on adolescents depressive symptoms and depressive disorder onset	Written at a high-school reading level, the book covers topics such as understanding feelings of sadness, building self-esteem, overcoming guilt, and coping with stress. .
Morita H., Sugamura G.	Reading poems to oneself affects emotional state and level of distraction	In addition, conventional reading therapy aims at psychoeducation and has been pointed out as an effect of selfunderstanding and learning of different values, but such changes greatly depend on the contents of books. .
Lu Q., Zheng D., Young L., Kagawa-Singer M., Loh A.	A pilot study of expressive writing intervention among Chinese-speaking breast cancer survivors	Expressive writing is a private andguided writing exercise designed to improve health by prompting emotional and cognitive processes. .
Lu Q., Zheng D., Young L., Kagawa-Singer M., Loh A.	A pilot study of expressive writing intervention among Chinese-speaking breast cancer survivors	This writing task aimed to facilitate emotional disclosure, effective coping, and finding benefit, which would work together to bring stressors and personal goals into awareness and regulate thoughts and emotions relevant to the cancer experience. .
Macrì, E.; Limoni, C.	Artistic activities and psychological well-being perceived by patients with spinal cord injury.	It is increasingly understood and agreed that engaging in art making can positively influence human health. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Participation in arts activities brings social benefits Participation in the arts does bring benefits to individuals and communities. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	It can refer to the fine arts or high arts, exposure to which, can refine the sensibilities of the local population. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	The perception and motivation segment covers peoples perception of arts, feeling more positive about them and recognising their influence on personal motivation, energy, mood and on self-image and self-assessment considerations. .
Grossi, E.; Blessi, G. T.; Sacco, P.L.	Magic moments: Determinants of stress relief and subjective wellbeing from visiting a cultural heritage site.	On the other hand, the fact that educational levels may be such a powerful modulator of stress reduction from aesthetic experiences could provide a very interesting basis for the strategic integration of health, cultural and educational policies as a more comprehensive approach to future welfare policies. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Such an experience can produce pleasure in the sense of deep satisfaction, a category that includes the satisfaction associated with works of art the individual finds deeply unsettling, disorienting, or tragic. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	People are drawn to the arts not for their instrumental effects, but because encountering a work of art can be a rewarding experienceit can give individuals pleasure and emotional stimulation and meaning. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The kinds of benefits that could develop from an arts-rich school environment are as follows: Improved attitudes toward arts and school. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	In addition, doing art provides a particularly effective way to develop the personal skills that are critical not only to becoming an effective learner, but to behavioral change as well. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Instead, it is the expectation that encountering a work of art can be a rewarding experience, one that offers them pleasure and emotional stimulation and meaning. .
Hill Strategies , R.,	Social Effects of the Arts: Exploratory Statistical Evidence.	In addition to helping patients cope with their ailments, arts projects can help the staff at health facilities. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	Further, such benefits were often brought about by the opportunities that engagement in art afforded for selfexpression, enhanced sense of value and attainment, and pride in achievement. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	However, it is worth remembering that some participants described in interviews how they had previously had very low levels of selfesteem and how the arts had made a significant contribution to raising their esteem levels. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Recent studies have also established a clear link between artistic participation and wellbeing. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Community arts projects for social inclusion sometimes aim to provide a panacea for underlying issues of inequality and precariousness. .
Galloway, S.,	Theory-based evaluation and the social impact of the arts	Evidence synthesized from the range of methods piloted demonstrates the potential of arts interventions to contribute towards greater self-esteem, self-control, confidence and co-operation amongst participants. .
Richards, A. G.; Tietyen, A.C.; Jicha, G.A.; Bardach, S.H.; Schmitt, F.A.; Fardo, D.W.; Kryscio, R.J.; Abner, E.L.	Visual Arts Education improves self-esteem for persons with dementia and reduces caregiver burden: A randomized controlled trial.	In this case, a newfound way of interacting with an enjoyable activity may have contributed to decreased caregiver burden. .
Daykin, N.; Byrne, E.; Soteriou, T.; O’Connor, S.	The impact of art, design and enviroment in mental healthcare: a systematic review of the literature	Key findings from the review include evidence that exposure to the arts may reduce anxiety and depression in specific groups of patients.37 .
Windle, G.; Gregory, S.; Howson-Griffiths, T.; Newman, A.; O Brien, D.; Gouldin, A.	Exploring the theoretical foundations of visual art programmes for people living with dementia	The theories of cognitive stimulation, resilience and person-centred care further explain how and why visual art programmes may work. .
Zarobe, L.; Bungay, H.	The role of arts activities in developing resilience and mental wellbeing in children and young people a rapid review of the literature	it was found that participating in arts activities can have a positive effect on self-confidence, self-esteem, relationship building and a sense of belonging, qualities which have been associated with resilience and mental wellbeing.Conclusions: Although the research evidence is limited, there is some support for providing structured group arts activities to help build resilience and contribute to positive mental wellbeing of children and young people.
Zarobe, L.; Bungay, H.	The role of arts activities in developing resilience and mental wellbeing in children and young people a rapid review of the literature	To examine whether community arts interventions could provide cost-effective services that promote protective factors linked to resilience and mental wellbeing such as developing a sense of belonging and purpose, social inclusion, relationship building and improve social skills and self-esteem. .
Hacking, S.; Secker, J.; Spandler, H.; Kent, L.; Shenton, J.	Evaluating the impact of participatory art projects for people with mental health needs.	To the extent to which improvements in empowerment and mental health can be attributed to arts participation, our results indicate that arts and mental health projects can benefit people with greater mental health needs as well as those with lower levels of need. .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	RESULTS/FINDINGS The mental health benefits of participating in arts activities are manifold and to illustrate this we have used examples from the following review categories: (1) arts therapy and participatory arts interventions for various illnesses and diagnoses, (2) non-clinical programmes: AOP and (3) arts and cultural programmes to enhance mental health of health professionals: Arts therapy and participatory arts interventions for various illnesses and diagnoses Studies show that arts interventions -covering a spectrum from clinical arts interventions over specially designed arts activities with a therapeutic approach, to non-clinical participation in arts activities and experiences - have both positive and reliable psychological effects for patients within a range of diagnosed illnesses. .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	Participants reported that the programme created a creative and therapeutic environment and that they experienced social, psychological and therapeutic activity benefits. .
Węziak-Białowolska, D.; Białowolski, P.	Cultural events – does attendance improve health? Evidence from a Polish longitudinal study	Support for this can be found from research using arts and creative activity therapies in clinical settings for a range of physical and mental health conditions. .
Daykin, N.; De Viggiani, N.; Pilkington, P.; Moriarty, Y.	Music making for health, well-being and behaviour change in youth justice settings: a systematic review	These studies sought to identify outcomes such as improved self-esteem and behaviour that might be linked with a reduced risk of future offending and improved health and well-being. .
de Paiva A., Jedon R.	Short- and long-term effects of architecture on the brain: Toward theoretical formalization	Although many alterations can be positive, some can also negatively influence wellbeing, decision-making, and mental and physical health. .
Fancourt D., Baxter L., Lorencatto F.	Barriers and enablers to engagement in participatory arts activities amongst individuals with depression and anxiety: Quantitative analyses using a behaviour change framework	Mapping the behaviour change domains to potential interventions, activities that focus on increasing perceived capabilities, providing social opportunities, and reinforcing both automatic and reflective motivations to engage has the potential to help to redress the imbalance in arts participation amongst those with poor mental health. .
Kim D.	The effects of a combined physical activity, recreation, and art and craft program on ADL, cognition, and depression in the elderly	Art and craft can improve fine motor function, provide inner satisfaction through activities, help to recover self-confidence, and promote problem solving and learning abilities in elderly people. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	Although evidence is limited, it suggests that a creative arts intervention may offer caregivers multi-faceted experiences that promote subjective well-being, such as hope, affirmation and mutual support. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	Their accounts of caregiving revealed psychological needs that the art-making group may have helped to address. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	But in the short-term, the respite experience of the creative arts programme had beneficial ripple out effects into the caregivers management of the stress of caring, according to their accounts. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	Participants felt that the experience of focusing deeply on creative expression enabled them to return to their caregiving role in a better state of emotional control and relaxation. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	This study has been relatively unusual in discovering that a creative arts leisure intervention may offer a meaningful form of brief respite to caregivers of people with dementia. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	Conclusion This qualitative study found that a short-term creative arts leisure intervention for carers of people with dementia facilitated self-expression and positive identity, addressing the undermining effects of chronic caregiving on self. .
Crawford M.J., Killaspy H., Barnes T.R.E., Barrett B., Byford S., Clayton K., Dinsmore J., Floyd S., Hoadley A., Johnson T., Kalaitzaki E., King M., Leurent B., Maratos A., ONeill F.A., Osborn D.P., Patterson S., Soteriou T., Tyrer P., Waller D.	Group art therapy as an adjunctive treatment for people with schizophrenia: Multicentre pragmatic randomised trial	It has been argued that for people with severe mental disorders such as schizophrenia, art therapy has advantages over other treatments because the use of art materials can help people to understand themselves better while containing powerful feelings that might otherwise overwhelm them.6 .
Reynolds F., Vivat B., Prior S.	Womens experiences of increasing subjective well-being in CFS/ME through leisure-based arts and crafts activities: A qualitative study	They believed that, even though conducted as a leisure activity, art might offer a potent therapeutic means of selfexpression. .
Reynolds F., Vivat B., Prior S.	Womens experiences of increasing subjective well-being in CFS/ME through leisure-based arts and crafts activities: A qualitative study	Self-esteem, and emotional well-being benefited from committed engagement in art-making: Looking for form, colour, movement, relationship, light, and harmony or clash, helps me redefine meaning in my much-diminished life and has kept me from suicide (written narrative). .
Reynolds F., Vivat B., Prior S.	Womens experiences of increasing subjective well-being in CFS/ME through leisure-based arts and crafts activities: A qualitative study	But for most participants, art-making came to be valued for promoting satisfaction, an improved self-image, hope for the future, and stronger contact with the healthy outside world, all important achievements for those whose lives were severely constrained by ill-health. .
Horghagen S., Josephsson S., Alsaker S.	The use of craft activities as an occupational therapy treatment modality in Norway during 1952-1960	The craft activities could be a therapeutic tool for promoting work skills, joy in life, repairing or maintaining function in diverse parts of the body, or just giving the long days at the hospital a meaningful content, or a combination of all these. .
Lamontagne C., Palardy L.	Les impatients: A fragrance of health Les Impatients: Un parfum de santé	The innovative activities can also be seen as enhancing the patients recovery process. .
Lamontagne C., Palardy L.	Les impatients: A fragrance of health Les Impatients: Un parfum de santé	The workshops are valued for the positive impacts on participants, including improving self-esteem, stimulating creativity and curiosity, breaking isolation, developing a sense of belonging and reducing the frequency and duration of hospitalization. .
Bergqvist P., Punzi E.	“Living poets society”–a qualitative study of how Swedish psychologists incorporate reading and writing in clinical work	Such recognition can lead to the patient feeling less alone or deviant. .
Abbing A., Ponstein A., van Hooren S., de Sonneville L., Swaab H., Baars E.	The effectiveness of art therapy for anxiety in adults: A systematic review of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials	Art making, in a non-verbal, tactile and visual manner, helps entering a flow-like-state of mind that can reduce anxiety 77 , comparable to mindfulness. .
Abbing A., Ponstein A., van Hooren S., de Sonneville L., Swaab H., Baars E.	The effectiveness of art therapy for anxiety in adults: A systematic review of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials	The process of art making and reflection upon the art may lead to insights in emotions and (wrong) cognitions that can be addressed during counseling. .
Abbing A., Ponstein A., van Hooren S., de Sonneville L., Swaab H., Baars E.	The effectiveness of art therapy for anxiety in adults: A systematic review of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials	The process of creating art can promote a state of mindfulness 57 . .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	For example, music and dance participation can improve social determinants of health, such as stress, social isolation, autonomy, and social capital, and maintain or enhance individual wellbeing. .
Aithal S., Karkou V., Kuppusamy G., Mariswamy P.	Backing the backbones—A feasibility study on the effectiveness of dance movement psychotherapy on parenting stress in caregivers of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder	Dance Movement Psychotherapy (DMP) utilises the therapeutic power of dance within a psychotherapeutic frame to both alleviate distress as well as promote overall wellbeing. .
Douka S., Zilidou V.I., Lilou O., Manou V.	Traditional dance improves the physical fitness and well-being of the elderly	This interaction with other people eliminates the feeling of loneliness and enhances their psychological status. .
Núñez S.	Medicinal drumming: An ancient and modern day healing approach	Its purpose is to assist individuals in recovering from or managing a health condition by reducing stress, enhancing coping skills, and targeting symptom alleviation. .
Koch S.C., Mergheim K., Raeke J., Machado C.B., Riegner E., Nolden J., Diermayr G., von Moreau D., Hillecke T.K.	The embodied self in Parkinsons Disease: Feasibility of a single tango intervention for assessing changes in psychological health outcomes and aesthetic experience	Thus, the use of dance in order to stabilize affect, increase well-being and reduce depression (Koch et al., 2007) could be a useful approach for PD patients. .
Beauchet O., Cooper-Brown L., Hayashi Y., Galery K., Vilcocq C., Bastien T.	Effects of thursdays at the Museum at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts on the mental and physical health of older community dwellers: The art-health randomized clinical trial protocol	In parallel, it has been found that art-based activities are positively associated with numerous aspects of individuals physical health, like a better immune system response and slower disease progression, with these effects being related to well-being improvement 3, 6-8 . .
Beauchet O., Cooper-Brown L., Hayashi Y., Galery K., Vilcocq C., Bastien T.	Effects of thursdays at the Museum at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts on the mental and physical health of older community dwellers: The art-health randomized clinical trial protocol	There is growing evidence that art-based activities have positive benefits for patients, such as improvements in self-esteem, confidence, and mood 6, 7 . .
Tymoszuk U., Perkins R., Fancourt D., Williamon A.	Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between receptive arts engagement and loneliness among older adults	Here, we demonstrate that frequent self-directed arts attendance may also help to protect older adults from loneliness. .
Koebner I.J., Fishman S.M., Paterniti D., Sommer D., Witt C.M., Ward D., Joseph J.G.	The art of analgesia: A pilot study of art museum tours to decrease pain and social disconnection among individuals with chronic pain	Ultimately, many participants found that the program and the sense of social connection it facilitated provided distraction from their pain. .
Fancourt D., Steptoe A.	The art of life and death: 14 year follow-up analyses of associations between arts engagement and mortality in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing	Further possibilities are that arts engagement improves a sense of purpose in life, helps with the regulation of emotions and thereby enhances coping, supports the buffering of stress, and builds creativity, which improves peoples ability to adapt positively to changing life circumstances.16 17 39 The potential mediating role of these factors remains to be explored further in future studies. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	Service users have described how arts engagement has supported their recovery; for example, Parrs (2012) study illustrates that mental health service users who regularly participated in arts groups/activities experienced a sense of belonging that fosters positive emotion and self-esteem. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	Several service users also commented on the aspects of relaxation and de-stressing when engaged in arts activities. .
Mastandrea S., Fagioli S., Biasi V.	Art and psychological well-being: Linking the brain to the aesthetic emotion	These benefits include improvement of memory and lower stress levels, and amelioration of social inclusion. .
Mastandrea S., Fagioli S., Biasi V.	Art and psychological well-being: Linking the brain to the aesthetic emotion	These studies suggest that embedding visual art in healthcare education may increase understanding of emotional experience of chronic pain and suffering of the patients, thereby improving nursing care practices. .
Mastandrea S., Fagioli S., Biasi V.	Art and psychological well-being: Linking the brain to the aesthetic emotion	One might wonder how the emotional experience elicited by the appreciation of diverse forms of art enables individuals to feel better and learn quickly and effectively, and whether the boosting effect of art on these different domains forms a basis of a common cognitive or affective mechanism. .
Mastandrea S., Fagioli S., Biasi V.	Art and psychological well-being: Linking the brain to the aesthetic emotion	From a psychological point of view, it has been suggested that the cognitive processing of art produces affective and often positive and pleasing aesthetic experiences. .
Mastandrea S., Fagioli S., Biasi V.	Art and psychological well-being: Linking the brain to the aesthetic emotion	As such, this self-rewarding nature of aesthetic experience may account for aesthetic appreciations promotion of health and well-being. .
Fancourt D., Steptoe A.	Cultural engagement predicts changes in cognitive function in older adults over a 10 year period: Findings from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing	The arts have been proposed as potentially beneficial activities due to their combination of cognitive complexity and mental creativity. .
Saavedra J., Arias S., Crawford P., Pérez E.	Impact of creative workshops for people with severe mental health problems: art as a means of recovery	Psychological well-being Most users recognise an improvement in their psychological well-being due to their participation in creative workshops. .
Roe B., McCormick S., Lucas T., Gallagher W., Winn A., Elkin S.	Coffee, Cake & Culture: Evaluation of an art for health programme for older people in the community	Arts based activities and interventions have the potential to improve health, wellbeing and quality of life of these populations, address inequalities and social justice. .
Zazulak J., Halgren C., Tan M., Grierson L.E.M.	The impact of an arts-based programme on the affective and cognitive components of empathic development	In conclusion, the evaluation of The Art of Seeing demonstrates the potential benefit associated with arts-based programmes in enhancing the empathic development of participants. .
Ketch R.A., Rubin R.T., Baker M.R., Sones A.C., Ames D.	Art appreciation for veterans with severe mental illness in a VA Psychosocial Rehabilitation and Recovery Center	The leader seeks to engage members in the discussion of art, artistic styles and artists, to evoke positive and recovery-oriented thoughts and feelings. .
Paddon H.L., Thomson L.J.M., Menon U., Lanceley A.E., Chatterjee H.J.	Mixed methods evaluation of well-being benefits derived from a heritage-in-health intervention with hospital patients	As a non-pharmacological intervention, the results of these object handling sessions have shown that meaning-making and thinking have the potential to help patients cope and take part in a positive experience during their hospital stay..
Ander E.E., Thomson L.J.M., Blair K., Noble G., Menon U., Lanceley A., Chatterjee H.J.	Using museum objects to improve wellbeing in mental health service users and neurological rehabilitation clients	The use of creative arts as a therapeutic medium in mental health services is well established. .
Ander E.E., Thomson L.J.M., Blair K., Noble G., Menon U., Lanceley A., Chatterjee H.J.	Using museum objects to improve wellbeing in mental health service users and neurological rehabilitation clients	The ensuing sense of achievement and confidence could help to moderate depressive symptoms. .
Ander E.E., Thomson L.J.M., Blair K., Noble G., Menon U., Lanceley A., Chatterjee H.J.	Using museum objects to improve wellbeing in mental health service users and neurological rehabilitation clients	Outcomes indicated that art contributed to recovery by helping clients both to regain confidence and to meet individual goals. .
Deane K., Fitch M., Carman M.	An innovative art therapy program for cancer patients.	Art therapy is a healing art intended to integrate physical, emotional, and spiritual care by facilitating creative ways for patients to respond to their cancer experience. .
Deane K., Fitch M., Carman M.	An innovative art therapy program for cancer patients.	Benefits from participating in an art therapy program have been realized by patients with cancer. .
Deane K., Fitch M., Carman M.	An innovative art therapy program for cancer patients.	Participants understood and valued art therapy as a vehicle for expressing feelings and learning new coping skills. .
Deane K., Fitch M., Carman M.	An innovative art therapy program for cancer patients.	Although the work was not perceived lo be easy, participants appreciated that art therapy process was a cathartic and worthwhile endeavour geared towards personal growth and healing. .
Deane K., Fitch M., Carman M.	An innovative art therapy program for cancer patients.	They could also encourage patients to explore art therapy as a means of coping with difficult emotions throughout the cancer experience. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	Artistic experience is generally a personal emotional experience, which results in a direct relationship between the artistic input and who receives it; from personal emotional experience art enhances wellbeing, also linked at making sense and satisfacting identity needs. .
MacRitchie J., Breaden M., Milne A.J., McIntyre S.	Cognitive, Motor and Social Factors of Music Instrument Training Programs for Older Adults’ Improved Wellbeing	At the same time, exploratory and qualitative methods can help to determine how these artistic activities can be delivered in a meaningful and practical way, while optimizing participants wellbeing gains. .
Boyce M., Bungay H., Munn-Giddings C., Wilson C.	The impact of the arts in healthcare on patients and service users: A critical review	The growing recognition of the arts having an important role to play in improving the health and well-being of individuals has been a key driver (Leckey, 2011). .
Boyce M., Bungay H., Munn-Giddings C., Wilson C.	The impact of the arts in healthcare on patients and service users: A critical review	What is known about this topic There is a growing recognition of the value of the arts in improving well-being, health and healthcare. .
Boyce M., Bungay H., Munn-Giddings C., Wilson C.	The impact of the arts in healthcare on patients and service users: A critical review	Evidence of the positive effects of music interventions on both psychological and physiological outcomes for patients in healthcare environments. .
Boyce M., Bungay H., Munn-Giddings C., Wilson C.	The impact of the arts in healthcare on patients and service users: A critical review	For example, Crone et al. (2013) found well-being scores improved for those with common mental health problems who completed a person-centred arts programme. .
Ray K.D., Götell E.	The use of music and music therapy in ameliorating depression symptoms and improving well-being in nursing home residents with dementia	Incorporating individualized music-based activities may assist in reducing depression symptoms often associated with a dementia diagnosis, improving mood, and quality of life for people with dementia (PWD) (8). .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	In a healing session, music that is specialised for the individual forms a kind of channel or vehicle of transformation that carries the person from the present state of pain, stress, confusion or illness, to a new desired state of wellness, peace, clarity or health. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Music, as a primer and practice of psychological flexibility can facilitate health and healing, and by entering a state of psychological flexibility, can also have a transformative effect on the brain itself through its inherent capacity of neuroplasticity (see Koen 2013). .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Music, as a vehicle of meaning and a practice that can activate the neuroflexible response of the brain can be a key part of a healing process that seeks to embody (or embeing) the meaning of health and healing. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	From this vantage point, music as a quintessential primer of psychological flexibility not only can constitute effective interventions and treatments but also can increase well-being for individuals, groups and society. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	In turn, disentangling the self from pain95 facilitated a greater sense of wellbeing and satisfaction with life for several participants. .
Fancourt D., Williamon A., Carvalho L.A., Steptoe A., Dow R., Lewis I.	Singing modulates mood, stress, cortisol, cytokine and neuropeptide activity in cancer patients and carers	There is growing evidence that psychosocial interventions can have psychological benefits for people affected by cancer, including improved symptoms of mental health and wellbeing and optimised immune responses. .
Vetter D., Barth J., Uyulmaz S., Uyulmaz S., Vonlanthen R., Belli G., Montorsi M., Bismuth H., Witt C.M., Clavien P.-A.	Effects of art on surgical patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis	Thus, other modalities reducing stress responses represent a valuable approach to improve perioperative well being. .
Gillam T.	Enhancing public mental health and wellbeing through creative arts participation	Moreover, creative arts activities can also promote wellbeing in the general population. .
Gillam T.	Enhancing public mental health and wellbeing through creative arts participation	They strengthen psychosocial, life and coping skills of the individual increase social support as a buffer against adverse life events Increase access to resources and services that protect mental well-being. .
Nyamathi A., Slagle A., Thomas A., Hudson A., Kahilifard F., Avila G., Orser J., Cuchilla M.	Art messaging to engage homeless young adults.	The use of art for health promotion has been shown to result in positive individual lifestyle changes as well as social, educational and economic benefits.4 .
Blackburn C.	‘The people in the purple shirts’: Froebelian insights to a Singing Medicine project in a children’s hospital	These included the effects of music modifying the childs perception of pain and reducing stress, while at the same time having an integral educational element that supports musical development. .
Forbes M.	“We’re pushing back”: Group singing, social identity, and caring for a spouse with Parkinson’s	Increasingly, arts-based interventions are also being used to support caregivers wellbeing. .
Fancourt D., Warran K., Finn S., Wiseman T.	Psychosocial singing interventions for the mental health and well-being of family carers of patients with cancer: Results from a longitudinal controlled study	Given that well-being is associated with mental health and also related factors such as resilience and coping, there is a need too for interventions that can support well-being in carers. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Jetten J., Rowan C.	Identification with arts-based groups improves mental wellbeing in adults with chronic mental health conditions	In this paper, a social identity theoretical approach was applied to explore how participation in the arts may improve mental health in a longitudinal study. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Jetten J., Rowan C.	Identification with arts-based groups improves mental wellbeing in adults with chronic mental health conditions	Greater identification with their arts-based group (ABG) was significantly related to an increased rate of improvement in mental wellbeing. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Jetten J., Rowan C.	Identification with arts-based groups improves mental wellbeing in adults with chronic mental health conditions	These results provide evidence for the effectiveness of arts-based activities to help improve mental wellbeing in people recovering from mental health conditions, contributing to the emerging empirical basis for these programmes (Leckey, 2011; Van Lith et al., 2013). .
Williamson V.J., Bonshor M.	Wellbeing in brass bands: The benefits and challenges of group music making	Positive comments ranged from reducing stress to an antidote to stress. .
Stanczyk M.M.	Music therapy in supportive cancer care	Music therapy is mainly used to promote relaxation, reduce anxiety and stress; relieve discomfort; reduce patients experience of pain; and offset some of treatment related symptoms. .
Sihvonen A.J., Särkämö T., Leo V., Tervaniemi M., Altenmüller E., Soinila S.	Music-based interventions in neurological rehabilitation	Music-induced improvement of mood, arousal, and relief of confusion might therefore enhance recovery of cognitive functions in these patients. .
Lyu J., Zhang J., Mu H., Li W., Champ M., Xiong Q., Gao T., Xie L., Jin W., Yang W., Cui M., Gao M., Li M.	The Effects of Music Therapy on Cognition, Psychiatric Symptoms, and Activities of Daily Living in Patients with Alzheimers Disease	Music therapy stimulates various aspects of cognitive function and supports emotional, social and physical needs, such as enhancing expression of ones feelings, communication, learning and building new relationships. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	Recent research on arts-on-referral has shown that while engaging in arts programmes participants mental wellbeing significantly increases.12 .
Kizuk R.A.	Journaling and the creative writing workshop in counseling and recovery of adult participants	This data will be presented in order to depict how art making or (in this case, Creative Writing journaling) contributes to mental health recovery and stability. .
Kizuk R.A.	Journaling and the creative writing workshop in counseling and recovery of adult participants	It also explores important skills and competencies required by those facilitating art making programs in mental health recovery contexts. .
Sextou P., Smith C.	Drama is for Life! Recreational Drama Activities for the Elderly in the UK	It has been suggested that friendship can have a significant impact on our health by reducing stress, improving self-esteem, coping mechanisms and generally boosting our happiness (Mayo Clinic). .
Sextou P., Smith C.	Drama is for Life! Recreational Drama Activities for the Elderly in the UK	Therefore, there is reason to believe that attending the recreational drama group supports the participants wellbeing by motivating them and providing them with a creative outlet. .
Tyler N., Giles S., Daker-White G., McManus B.C., Panagioti M.	A patient and public involvement workshop using visual art and priority setting to provide patients with a voice to describe quality and safety concerns: Vitamin B12 deficiency and pernicious anaemia	The addition of visual art allowed patients to articulate emotions and impacts on everyday life associated with quality and safety. .
Newman A., Goulding A., Davenport B., Windle G.	The role of the visual arts in the resilience of people living with dementia in care homes	The results showed that visual arts enrichment activities supported the resilience of those with dementia through creative expression, increased communication, improved self-esteem, and influenced relationships with carers and family members. .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Joice S., Kroll T., Mead G., Donnan P., Toma M., Williams B.	Art participation for psychosocial wellbeing during stroke rehabilitation: a feasibility randomised controlled trial	Whilst retaining the primary purpose of a creative experience with artists, elements of art therapy, particularly techniques known to be effective at improving positive emotions could be included..
Wyatt M., Liggett S.	The Potential of Painting: Unlocking Disenfranchised Grief for People Living With Dementia	This article builds upon good practice established by this research and demonstrates on a small scale how being immersed in painting can access disenfranchised grief for four people living with dementia, contributing to evidence of the positive benefits of Arts in Health more generally. .
Schneider J.	The arts as a medium for care and self-care in dementia: Arguments and evidence	There were positive effects on mood, alleviating depression and apathy from art therapy and colouring pictures 57,58 . .
Windle G., Joling K.J., Howson-Griffiths T., Woods B., Jones C.H., Van De Ven P.M., Newman A., Parkinson C.	The impact of a visual arts program on quality of life, communication, and well-being of people living with dementia: A mixed-methods longitudinal investigation	Across all the participants, when comparing the arts program with an active control, our findings suggest they experienced in the moment benefits to their well-being, in terms of improvements to interest, attention, self-esteem, and pleasure and decreases in negative affect and sadness. .
Secker J., Heydinrych K., Kent L., Keay J.	Why art? Exploring the contribution to mental well-being of the creative aspects and processes of visual art-making in an arts and mental health course	Methods: This study explored the specific part played by the creative aspects of introductory arts courses that aim to improve mental well-being. .
Awtuch A., Gȩbczyńska-Janowicz A.	Art and Healthcare - Healing Potential of Artistic Interventions in Medical Settings	The examination of healing capacity of non-medical elements and activities brought into attention the therapeutic aspects of artistic interventions in healthcare. .
Awtuch A., Gȩbczyńska-Janowicz A.	Art and Healthcare - Healing Potential of Artistic Interventions in Medical Settings	There is a substantial evidence that art depicting nature reduces stress levels and anxiety impacting waiting experience. .
Awtuch A., Gȩbczyńska-Janowicz A.	Art and Healthcare - Healing Potential of Artistic Interventions in Medical Settings	Studies show that the attractiveness of physical environment in waiting areas - enhanced by art - is significantly associated with higher perceived quality of care, less anxiety, and higher reported positive interactions with staff. .
Awtuch A., Gȩbczyńska-Janowicz A.	Art and Healthcare - Healing Potential of Artistic Interventions in Medical Settings	The possibility of choosing a piece of art helps patients to regain a sense of control, essential for enhancing the process of healing. .
Awtuch A., Gȩbczyńska-Janowicz A.	Art and Healthcare - Healing Potential of Artistic Interventions in Medical Settings	The supportive healthcare environment via art and its aesthetic component helps to improve patients mood and evokes good memories, allowing to shift patients attention away from their illness 17 . .
Awtuch A., Gȩbczyńska-Janowicz A.	Art and Healthcare - Healing Potential of Artistic Interventions in Medical Settings	Several studies on the impact of colour on different factors associated with well-being indicate a shared conclusion that colour impacts healthcare outcomes by reducing stress and enhancing the sense of well-being, improving patients sleep and reducing length of stay, helping to overcome users spatial disorientation and diminish medical errors. .
Awtuch A., Gȩbczyńska-Janowicz A.	Art and Healthcare - Healing Potential of Artistic Interventions in Medical Settings	Any creative activity may improve their mood: it allows patients to define their feelings helping hospital staff to gain a better insight into patients needs. .
Awtuch A., Gȩbczyńska-Janowicz A.	Art and Healthcare - Healing Potential of Artistic Interventions in Medical Settings	Currently art therapy practice aims at creating space for various forms of expression in specially prepared rooms allowing for positive distraction, expression of emotions and treatment experience, education by art and psychotherapy by art. .
Lee K.L., Mustaffa M.S., Tan S.Y.	Visual arts in counselling adults with depressive disorders	This study provides a better understanding of using visual arts in counselling adults with depressive disorders. .
Lee K.L., Mustaffa M.S., Tan S.Y.	Visual arts in counselling adults with depressive disorders	The findings showed that through the therapeutic use of visual arts, the participants were able to explore and express various emotions, face their problems, communicate better with themselves and the counsellor, achieve a deeper self-understanding, and make meaningful progress in counselling, even though some of them experienced a sense of uncertainty at the beginning of some art-making activities. .
Lee K.L., Mustaffa M.S., Tan S.Y.	Visual arts in counselling adults with depressive disorders	The findings were that both in-patients and out-patients could be helped by art therapy in many ways. .
Lee K.L., Mustaffa M.S., Tan S.Y.	Visual arts in counselling adults with depressive disorders	Art-making activities were used to help them explore their concerns and express their feelings related to their mood changes. .
Lee K.L., Mustaffa M.S., Tan S.Y.	Visual arts in counselling adults with depressive disorders	(Amy) Another participant described his counselling experiences as feeling more comfortable, greater pleasure, and less tension when he was able to express himself through art. .
Lee K.L., Mustaffa M.S., Tan S.Y.	Visual arts in counselling adults with depressive disorders	These findings indicated that after attending those sessions, her emotional state improved to a certain degree. .
Lee K.L., Mustaffa M.S., Tan S.Y.	Visual arts in counselling adults with depressive disorders	After the participants completed more artwork in their later counselling sessions, they were able to feel more comfortable and positive in their responses to art. .
Lee K.L., Mustaffa M.S., Tan S.Y.	Visual arts in counselling adults with depressive disorders	Conclusions This study has provided a better understanding of using visual arts in counselling adult out-patients with depressive disorders. .
Lee K.L., Mustaffa M.S., Tan S.Y.	Visual arts in counselling adults with depressive disorders	The outcome showed that the making and sharing of artwork have significant potential in counselling adult clients because they can benefit from this art approach in many ways. .
Cárdenas R.E., Barriga A.P., Lizama J.I.	Artistic expression as a teaching strategy for the development of affectivity and self-esteem in people with Intellectual Disabilities and Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) La expresión artística como estrategia didáctica para el desarrollo de la afectividad y la autoestima en una persona con Discapacidad Intelectual y Síndrome Alcohólico Fetal (SAF)	After using exploratory research, case study methodology and approximation results with different painting and drawing techniques as teaching tools that aimed to develop artistic learning in the school context, it has been concluded that visual arts broaden the channels of visual expression and serve as a way to communicate affectivity and self-esteem through certain practical exercises and systematic actions that benefit the mental health of people with intellectual disabilities. .
Nielsen S.L., Fich L.B., Roesslerb K.K., Mullins M.F.	How do patients actually experience and use art in hospitals? The significance of interaction: A user-oriented experimental case study	It has been found that art has the potential to positively affect patients satisfaction with their sojourn in the hospitals studied. .
Nielsen S.L., Fich L.B., Roesslerb K.K., Mullins M.F.	How do patients actually experience and use art in hospitals? The significance of interaction: A user-oriented experimental case study	The experimental case study thus indicates that visual art contributes positively to health outcomes in hospitals..
Kabel A., Teti M., Zhang N.	The art of resilience: photo-stories of inspiration and strength among people with HIV/AIDS	They were able to express positive aspects of their lives which could be a healthy form of catharsis in and of itself. .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Toma M., Kroll T., Joice S., Mead G., Donnan P., Williams B.	Feasibility study of the effects of art as a creative engagement intervention during stroke rehabilitation on improvement of psychosocial outcomes: Study protocol for a single blind randomized controlled trial: The ACES study	Qualitative studies suggest that participation in visual arts creative engagement interventions (CEIs) during rehabilitation after stroke may improve mood, self-esteem, hope and some aspects of physical recovery. .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Toma M., Kroll T., Joice S., Mead G., Donnan P., Williams B.	Feasibility study of the effects of art as a creative engagement intervention during stroke rehabilitation on improvement of psychosocial outcomes: Study protocol for a single blind randomized controlled trial: The ACES study	There is growing and convincing evidence that engaging in creative arts activities can promote improvements in perceived physical and mental health, social functioning and wellbeing in long-term conditions. .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Toma M., Kroll T., Joice S., Mead G., Donnan P., Williams B.	Feasibility study of the effects of art as a creative engagement intervention during stroke rehabilitation on improvement of psychosocial outcomes: Study protocol for a single blind randomized controlled trial: The ACES study	For stroke survivors, arts programs have the potential within rehabilitation to address some of the psychosocial consequences of stroke and to improve post-stroke quality of life 25 . .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Toma M., Kroll T., Joice S., Mead G., Donnan P., Williams B.	Feasibility study of the effects of art as a creative engagement intervention during stroke rehabilitation on improvement of psychosocial outcomes: Study protocol for a single blind randomized controlled trial: The ACES study	Evidence is also emerging that art participation can augment rehabilitation, help to address the psychosocial effects of stroke and prepare survivors for fulfilling lives after rehabilitation. .
Collette N.	Art therapy and cancer Arteterapia y cáncer	Numerous benefits from art therapy have been documented in cancer, such as the expression of emotions, specially giving voice to feelings hard to express. .
Collette N.	Art therapy and cancer Arteterapia y cáncer	BENEFITS OF ART THERAPY IN THE ONCOLOGY CARE There is abundant empirical evidence, based on case studies, documenting the usefulness of art therapy for help people affected by cancer to improve their well-being, favor communication with their environment and better cope with the emotional difficulties derived from their illness. .
Collette N.	Art therapy and cancer Arteterapia y cáncer	Also the most positive feelings such as tenderness, hope or the sensation of beauty find powerful ways of symbolic expression in art therapy. .
Collette N.	Art therapy and cancer Arteterapia y cáncer	The art therapy process is an effective practice as a self-awareness and self-care strategy for the professional, in the expression and communication of emotions and in prevention against burnout. .
Lankston L., Cusack P., Fremantle C., Isles C.	Visual art in hospitals: Case studies and review of the evidence	Possible mechanisms of benefit Positive distraction It has been proposed that the beneficial effects of visual art on health are due to positive distraction. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	Participants regarded their art-making as an important aspect of successful ageing, and described gaining numerous psychological benefits such as a sense of achievement, continuity, connection with others, purpose in life, and distraction from everyday problems. .
Kaimal, G.; Gonzaga, A., M.; Schwachter, V.	Crafting, health and wellbeing: findings from the survey of public participation in the arts and considerations for art therapists.	In addition, given that photography is a widely used form of self-expression, further education in this medium could be valuable in helping future clients overcome anxieties around art making. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	the artistic act intends to create and communicate meaning. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Art is the creation of meaning through stories, images, sounds, performances and other methods that enable people to communicate to others their experience of and feelings about being alive. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	only if people are able, fully, freely and equally, to act as artists can they communicate what is meaningful to them in life. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	In doing so, they sense arts potential as a way of organising their experience and communicating to others what matters to them. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Because art creates meanings and affects people, artists are responsible for what they create, though not for how others interpret or respond to it. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	human dignity, equality and social justice, like the capacity in everyone to express themselves artistically and create meaning in the world, will always be motivating goals for some artists. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	these experiences show how participatory art can help us live through difficult times by enabling us to express pain, anger and hope, make friends and find allies, imagine alternatives, share feelings and be accepted. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Sometimes arts projects helped people articulate their feelings about isolation. .
Yonas, M., A.; Burke, J., G.; Rak, K., ; Bennerr, A., ; Kelly, V., ; Gielen, A., C.	A Picture’s Worth a Thousand Words: Engaging Youth in CBPR Using the Creative Arts.	This systematic method included distinct creative writing, drawing and painting activities designed to yield culturally relevant data generated and explored by young people. .
Yonas, M., A.; Burke, J., G.; Rak, K., ; Bennerr, A., ; Kelly, V., ; Gielen, A., C.	A Picture’s Worth a Thousand Words: Engaging Youth in CBPR Using the Creative Arts.	This use of multiple forms of expression is a strength of the method and allows the participants to share their thoughts and perspectives in the manner they feel most comfortable. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	We think that art can best be understood as a communicative cycle in which the artist draws upon two unusual giftsa capacity for vivid personal experience of the world, and a capacity to express that experience through a particular artistic medium. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Unlike most communication, which takes place through discourse, art communicates through felt experience, and it is the personal, subjective response to a work of art that imparts intrinsic benefits. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The artist provides individuals with an imaginative experience that is often a more intense, revealing, and meaningful version of actual experience. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Intrinsic benefits accrue to the public sphere when works of art convey what whole communities of people yearn to express. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Most of the benefits of the arts come from individual experiences that are mentally and emotionally engaging, experiences that can be shared and deepened through reflection, conversations, and reading. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Drawing on studies in fields such as philosophy, aesthetics, and art criticism, we discuss our contention that art is a unique form of communication, one capable of creating intrinsic benefits that enhance the lives of individuals and often contribute to the public welfare as well. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	In the act of creative expression, the artist finds images and forms (plastic, musical, kinetic, literary) that embody his or her vision in a way that can be conveyed to others. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The arts, for example, provide the means for communally expressing personal emotion. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	And it underscores the vital role of individual arts experiences in this whole process. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	They felt the importance to create a new artistic work that told stories of, or was inspired by, the people, their stories, feelings, fears, ambitions, etc. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	It is evident that what it is important is creating art that is meaningful and relevant to people; that speaks of their lives, their stories and their experiences. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	It is evident that what it is important is to create art that is meaningful and relevant to people; that speaks of their lives, their stories and their experiences. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	Claim: The arts are good for individuals Claims that the arts are good for individuals take many forms. .
Gainza, X.,	Culture‑led neighbourhood transformations beyond the revitalisation/gentrification dichotomy.	Organisers had a clear purpose of marking the artistic and alternative nature of the area. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.	Measuring the intrinsic impacts of arts attendance	Understanding the aesthetic experience and how it can transform individuals is deeply challenging. .
Harland, J., ; Kinder , K., ; Hartley, K.,	Arts in their view. A study of youth participation in the arts.	Another feature that became apparent in young peoples accounts is that the arts are seen not just as a means of expression, but they also involve a process, perhaps prior to expression, of coming to terms with yourself, defining yourself, developing and discovering your ideas and feelings. .
Harland, J., ; Kinder , K., ; Hartley, K.,	Arts in their view. A study of youth participation in the arts.	Whilst someone who sees the arts more from a making perspective answered important because you are doing something for yourself, you are creating something', and another who exhibits using the making system stated, my art work is very important, I like expressing myself. .
Harland, J., ; Kinder , K., ; Hartley, K.,	Arts in their view. A study of youth participation in the arts.	It was very noticeable that those who defined the arts in terms of self-expression and communication were more likely to have higher rates of participation in the arts. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Community cultural expression provides people with the opportunity to communicate individualism, eccentricity, diversity and inspirational example. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Although creating art through a collaborative process may be the group goal, the meaning this experience has for individuals will differ. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	The open, free and instantaneous exchange of digital content affords people the resources to control their own creative experiences and make their own meaning. .
Walmsley, B.,	Deep hanging out in the arts: an anthropological approach to capturing cultural value	Really good artists can see in a different way and reflect the world in a different way. .
Felton E., Vichie K., Moore E.	Widening participation creatively: creative arts education for social inclusion	We argue that the unique characteristic of arts-based and creative industries disciplines, with their emphasis on self-reflection, meaning-making and self-expression, have the capacity to provoke significant attitudinal change in students. .
Felton E., Vichie K., Moore E.	Widening participation creatively: creative arts education for social inclusion	Embedded in several creative arts curricular is the capacity for exploration of personal reflection, expression and performance through disciplines such as drama, dance and the visual and media arts. .
Urbanowicz K., Nyka L.	Interactive and Media Architecture - From Social Encounters to City Planning Strategies	There are numerous successful projects that let the participants express their feelings and thoughts, and in this way influence the visual landscape of the city. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	The findings suggest that the creative art-making group affirmed a positive identity outside of caring, albeit for a brief period. .
Reynolds F., Vivat B., Prior S.	Womens experiences of increasing subjective well-being in CFS/ME through leisure-based arts and crafts activities: A qualitative study	Art-making was perceived as a means of emotional exploration and self-expression. .
la Cour K., Josephsson S., Luborsky M.	Creating connections of life during life-threatening illness: Creative activity experienced by elderly people and occupational therapists	This part of the process also showed a personal aspect as the creative process gave each person ways to unfold and share something of themselves. .
la Cour K., Josephsson S., Luborsky M.	Creating connections of life during life-threatening illness: Creative activity experienced by elderly people and occupational therapists	Engaging in creative activity appeared to enable the creation of connections with regard to a larger sense of being oneself. .
Lamontagne C., Palardy L.	Les impatients: A fragrance of health Les Impatients: Un parfum de santé	A desire for a different practice that is more open to the role of art as a means of expression, a source of pleasure, self-affirmation outside the context of illness has been put forward. .
Bergqvist P., Punzi E.	“Living poets society”–a qualitative study of how Swedish psychologists incorporate reading and writing in clinical work	The results show a need for flexibility in clinical work; since unique individuals express themselves in different ways, practitioners should be encouraged to offer patients opportunities for creative expression. .
Bergqvist P., Punzi E.	“Living poets society”–a qualitative study of how Swedish psychologists incorporate reading and writing in clinical work	The freedom to express oneself in a way one feels comfortable with offers an opportunity to also focus on the patients abilities and on activities that are considered meaningful. .
Abbing A., Ponstein A., van Hooren S., de Sonneville L., Swaab H., Baars E.	The effectiveness of art therapy for anxiety in adults: A systematic review of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials	It might be beneficial to consider these ways of conscious and unconscious expression separately, because it is a fundamental different view on the importance of art making. .
McGarry J., Bowden D.	Unlocking stories: Older womens experiences of intimate partner violence told through creative expression	Importantly, arts-based research approaches offer a medium through which participants may feel empowered to share their experiences through their own accounts. .
Koebner I.J., Fishman S.M., Paterniti D., Sommer D., Witt C.M., Ward D., Joseph J.G.	The art of analgesia: A pilot study of art museum tours to decrease pain and social disconnection among individuals with chronic pain	The program was also felt to facilitate a new and enhanced relationship to art: I give more consideration of what was the intention of the artists..
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	Furthermore, the role of arts and cultural intervention can be that of facilitating a personal journey, as the arts also offers different perspectives on the experiences of peoples difficulties (Sixsmith and Kagan, 2005; de Botton and Armstrong, 2013), and provides a platform for reflection. .
Zazulak J., Halgren C., Tan M., Grierson L.E.M.	The impact of an arts-based programme on the affective and cognitive components of empathic development	Using contemporary artwork, this session attempted to enhance the participants tolerance for ambiguity and challenged them to consider how their own personal experiences might bias their observations and interpretations. .
Paddon H.L., Thomson L.J.M., Menon U., Lanceley A.E., Chatterjee H.J.	Mixed methods evaluation of well-being benefits derived from a heritage-in-health intervention with hospital patients	An intriguing object was more likely to augment the communication of personal opinions and feelings. .
Bridger A.J., Emmanouil S., Lawthom R.	Trace.space: a psychogeographical community project with members of an arts and health organisation	One participant noted that workshops allowed them to discover a different kind of creativity and that it let them unleash a lot of emotional and personal stuff, that it helped with reflecting on and also in terms of mapping their life. .
Selman P., Carter C., Lawrence A., Morgan C.	Re-connecting with a recovering river through imaginative engagement	These methods use the arts to communicate and help people engage with complex and sometimes abstract issues, by providing icons and metaphors, and by giving space to the imagination and emotions. .
Colby S.	Multicultural arts education in the post-secondary context?: Creating installation and performance art in surrey, Canada	At the end of the day, the central tension in creating art about pluralism is the pull between the multitudinous variety of experiences and identities, on the one hand, and the need for some kind of realizable artistic vision, on the other hand. .
Quinlan E., Thomas R., Ahmed S., Fichtner P., McMullen L., Block J.	The aesthetic rationality of the popular expressive arts: Lifeworld communication among breast cancer survivors living with lymphedema	The creative products authentic expression of their realities contributed to heightened interactivity and socialization within the group. .
Goddard J.	Valuing the place of young people with learning disabilities in the arts	Seeing and recognising oneself reflected in the other serves both to validate ones own creative actions, and to gain a greater understanding of personal identity as separate from the other. .
Wyatt M., Liggett S.	The Potential of Painting: Unlocking Disenfranchised Grief for People Living With Dementia	Art helps us connect with personal, subjective emotions, and through such a process, it enables us to discover our own interior landscape. .
Wyatt M., Liggett S.	The Potential of Painting: Unlocking Disenfranchised Grief for People Living With Dementia	Engagement in the creative process can help develop knowledge and understanding about how these feelings represent the processes of loss and grief and can through facilitating provision of an outlet that can explore how the loss effects an individual through recognition of that loss and grief as it is encountered. .
Lee K.L., Mustaffa M.S., Tan S.Y.	Visual arts in counselling adults with depressive disorders	She found that through art, her clients could move towards clarity, insight, and a sense of achievement by sharing more information about their hidden emotional pains, problems, trauma, and conflicts. .
Lee K.L., Mustaffa M.S., Tan S.Y.	Visual arts in counselling adults with depressive disorders	In summary, all the participants were able to find different ways to explore and express their issues through art. .
Lee K.L., Mustaffa M.S., Tan S.Y.	Visual arts in counselling adults with depressive disorders	What is satisfying is that I was able to express my emotions in certain topics of art activities ... .
Lee K.L., Mustaffa M.S., Tan S.Y.	Visual arts in counselling adults with depressive disorders	In this study, the counsellor was able to use those suggested means to help individual participants so that they could express their feelings through art more confidently. .
Collette N.	Art therapy and cancer Arteterapia y cáncer	Art and in particular visual arts are an integral part of cultures, giving expression to thoughts, feelings, desires and values. .
Collette N.	Art therapy and cancer Arteterapia y cáncer	It does so by facilitating expressive capacities and seeing oneself reflected in artistic production, in which the chosen media and materials are decisive, as well as the aesthetic work style, which emerges from the most personal resources of the person made artist. .
Collette N.	Art therapy and cancer Arteterapia y cáncer	The ultimate goal of art therapy is to enable a change towards more personal development. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	It encouraged participants to reflect on the personal meanings of their artwork, eliciting detailed narratives about specific episodes of art-making, and their motives for creating the item photographed. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	A few participants reflected on the deeper, symbolic meanings of colour, which increased their sense of vitality and self-expression. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	Positively, the qualitative method empowered the participants to share the meanings of creative art-making in their lives. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	At its best, participatory art creates a space in which all can speak and be heard, where our pain and our hopes can be shared, where we can build common ground and ways of working together, where our creativity and empathy might find better ways of living. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Art making became a way to foster more open, friendly contacts within the school. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	This opportunity to refresh contacts between people who spend long periods of time together may be one of the most valuable impacts which arts projects bring to many educational and caring situations. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Through the development process chain it was possible to identify specific drivers brought about by the arts and culture, namely opportunities for communication and social interaction which can trigger social capacities. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Moreover, the author identifies drivers brought by arts programmes, which can put forward mechanisms of social capital building and motivation for civic engagement, such as Creating a venue that draws people together who would otherwise not be engaged in constructive social activity. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	As announced in the programme objectives, there was a primary concern with the engagement of the population in the programme in order to promote networks in the local social fabric, which was reflected in the artistic experiences created. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	The Council understood that these leisure activities, by providing quality experiences where people could interact and develop their capacities, could be exploited for social stimulation and knowledge. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	If on the one hand leisure and cultural activities allow taking part of experiences and exploring individual emotions in the company of others without necessarily implicating other personal commitments; on the other hand, through engaging in these activities a shared enjoyment can be produced, which consequently can motivate future encounters and forms of co-operation. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	In the analysis and particularly in the interviews, it was ascertained that the social and civic awareness learning process is accomplished through drivers brought about by leisure and cultural activities, namely opportunities for expression, interaction, creation and experiential learning, which allow internalising community-oriented values of trust, tolerance, empathy for diversity and awareness of public space, all of which are imperative for citizenship growth. .
Yonas, M., A.; Burke, J., G.; Rak, K., ; Bennerr, A., ; Kelly, V., ; Gielen, A., C.	A Picture’s Worth a Thousand Words: Engaging Youth in CBPR Using the Creative Arts.	DISCUSSION Visual Voices is an arts-based participatory research method that can be used to engage young community members and to facilitate equitable involvement in CBPR. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	For example, after-event opportunities to talk with peers or performers, be it online or off-line, may help enhance the benefits of cultural experience. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	When people share the experience of works of art, either by discussing them or by communally experiencing them, one of the intrinsic benefits is the social bonds that are created. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The arts can also help create linkages across different groups, thus developing intergroup cooperation and establishing partnerships. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Although one might think of artists as solitary, many ways of creating art involve groups of artists and can lead to social interactions among the same group of people. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	As discussed in the next chapter, the communicative nature of the arts, the personal nature of creative expression, and the trust associated with revealing ones creativity to others may make joint arts activities particularly conducive to forging social bonds and bridges across social divides. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Though group attendance is the most direct path from arts appreciation to realizing these social benefits, it is also possible that an individual could participate alone or as part of a small group and, by virtue of this experience, establish connections and bonds to others that would be realized subsequently. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The social contacts and networks associated with overseeing an arts organization are often both the contributions and the benefits of board service. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	These activities can also facilitate the cooperation between arts and non-arts groups that is essential for community organizing. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Art is a communicative experience, a bridge from artist to audience and a bridge linking individual beholders to one another. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	People who are moved by a work of art often talk to others about the experience or read accounts of other peoples experiences to test their own perceptions and fill out their understanding. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	When an individual engages in such discourse about a work of art, whether with a small circle of friends or with a broader public, he or she brings personal and subjective responses into the public sphere, joining a community that wants to enrich individual appreciation, to re-experience and promote that particular work of art, and to seek and endorse works that provide similar experiences. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Shared discourse influences the individuals experience of a particular work of art and can enrich subsequent experiences of it as well as experiences of similar works. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The communicative power of art creates these ties among people in various ways. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Indeed, our discussion of intrinsic benefits highlights the importance of art as a communicative experience and the fact that social discourse about that communication can enhance the quality of the arts experience. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	As we have indicated, the key to transforming occasional into frequent participants is to increase their emotional, cognitive, and social engagement in the arts experience. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Building individual competence in the arts and developing the individuals ties to arts organizations are effective ways to amplify that engagement. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	However, the residency process benefited the artists in their production, and helped the performers to discuss with new audiences while processing the images and the messages picked up from that non-verbal and highly abstract work. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Therefore, finding common interests and points between visiting artists and local communities in a wider spectrum of social, economic, political or other spheres should lead to more successful and fruitful participatory processes. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	To achieve that goal originally we set up a web platform where audiences and artists could meet, discuss, interact, find new ways to go deeper into the topic of the performance in its making; a virtual space where images, video, pictures, text messages, questions could be mixed up in order to find easy and intuitive challenges for developing relationships and engaging audiences and users. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	In any case, it must be borne in mind that the degree of personal development or the skills acquired through participation do not only favor the participating citizens, but also the artistic professionals who are willing to interact with them, and the community as a whole. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	This operation can be a great opportunity for artists and venues to create closer relationships with their audiences, to be more attentive to their feedbacks, to be enriched by a less top-down and more collaborative relation. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	According to several arts audience research academics, our goal should be to empower audiences to engage in constructive and pleasurable dialogue about the arts. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	4. To the extent that arts organizations serve as a catalyst in the creation of ties between dispersed individuals and organizations (who would not otherwise establish ties), these networks, may then be used to accomplish other community goals. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	They are a sort of creative producers who should be sensitive to the artists language, capable of connecting people and, therefore, creating community. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	The inclusion of these outsiders in the daily life of cultural organizations has also resulted in the creation of new professional figures who serve as a bridge between the organization and the audience. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Under this perspective, digital means, in Audience Development strategies, the opportunity to explore new possibilities, not only in communication and advertising (through social media and Internet), but also in the area of audience analysis (big data, digital social data, ticketing profiling, behavioural tracking, etc.) and in the capacity to interconnect physical and digital experience and to create new spaces of dialogue and relationship between artists and audiences. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Such diversity of professional profiles may contribute, on the one hand, to promoting more direct relationships between creators and spectators; and, on the other hand, to create multiple ties that, to its fullest potential, result in greater interaction with segmented audiences and bonds of co-responsibility with citizens. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Processes of participation and co-creation have been shown to deepen audience engagement and provide authentic insights to artists. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	It provides room for people to participate in artistic communication as well as spectate. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Participants believed the creative process gave the young people and police an opportunity to relate to each other as people. .
García, B.,	Urban Regeneration, Arts Programming and Major Events: Glasgow 1990, Sydney 2000 and Barcelona 2004	Arts programming also provides a good platform for developing new or strengthening existing collaborations. .
Poulos, R.G.; Marwood, S.; Harkin, D.; Opher, S.; Clift, S.; Cole, A.M.D.; Rhee, J.; Beilharz, K.; Poulos, C.J.	Arts on prescription for community‐dwelling older people with a range of health and wellness needs	The common point of interest created by the art-making process was reported by participants to facilitate relationship building which enabled participants to share personal matters within their group. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	Moreover, the arts generate participant networks that span neighborhood boundaries, overcoming barriers of social class and ethnicity that circumscribe social interaction. .
Walmsley, B.,	Deep hanging out in the arts: an anthropological approach to capturing cultural value	For artists, arts organisations, arts educationalists and academics, this shift might involve renegotiating traditional relationships with audiences and participants, from capturing their data to actively thinking-with them (by hanging out more alongside them and getting to know them as people). .
Walmsley, B.,	Deep hanging out in the arts: an anthropological approach to capturing cultural value	It might also require arts organisations to create spaces that facilitate and set the optimal conditions for deep hanging out to occur -welcoming, hospitable spaces in which participants and audiences will want to linger and exchange as they navigate their personal arts ecologies. .
Moody, E., ; Phinney, A.,	A community-engaged art program for older people: fostering social inclusion.	This was done through engaging in public spaces where their artwork could gain greater visibility and be appreciated by the broader community; through engaging with young people to make art together in an intergenerational context; and through forging connections with other members of the AHS program, thus becoming part of a larger community of artists. .
Mc L.J., Harrison I.R.	The effects of built environment design on opportunities for wellbeing in care homes	Points of interest An interesting environment was observed enabling social connections and take-notice activities. .
Fancourt D., Baxter L., Lorencatto F.	Barriers and enablers to engagement in participatory arts activities amongst individuals with depression and anxiety: Quantitative analyses using a behaviour change framework	These include knowing more people who engage in arts activities, having more support and encouragement from peers to engage, and feeling it is socially acceptable to engage. .
Ploner J., Jones L.	Learning to belong? ‘Culture’ and ‘place making’ among children and young people in Hull, UK City of Culture 2017	For example, the large-scale public art installations mentioned earlier, were frequently referred to as places to meet or hang out, as well as attractive sites to be photographed and shared on social media. .
Konrath S.	Museums as Weavers of the Invisible Strings that Connect us	Art museums could engage people through more hands on art making activities and by offering more informal conversations with artists about how they make their art. .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	Sharing even small experiences with others can help build self-esteem and encourage further social interactions. .
Camic P.M., Baker E.L., Tischler V.	Theorizing how art gallery interventions impact people with dementia and their caregivers	Findings implied that the intervention prompted the discovery of residual abilities, enjoyment, sparked new interest in art, and increased social contact. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	A number of mediating factors that could be enablers or barriers to the impact of participatory arts on social relationships were also identified, including factors relating to the care context, such as the care home capacity and culture, the creative process itself, and the approach of the arts facilitator, which are described elsewhere.26 Engagement in shared experiences Social relationships were facilitated through bringing people together for a shared experience, including residents who did not usually participate in group activities: I t brings together residents that would not normally choose to do other activities and builds friendships within the home. .
Gillam T.	Enhancing public mental health and wellbeing through creative arts participation	Their report argued that arts activities could have a therapeutic role and also help people reintegrate into society by increasing self-esteem, confidence and social networks. .
Sextou P., Smith C.	Drama is for Life! Recreational Drama Activities for the Elderly in the UK	The report states that creative and participatory work could have benefits for older adults, including forging friendships and socialization. .
Tischler V., Howson-Griffiths T., Hedd-Jones C.H., Windle G.	Using art for public engagement: reflections on the Dementia and Imagination project	For the D&I project, utilising art both within the research and as a means of communication, encouraged people to engage visually and interactively with the project. .
Windle G., Joling K.J., Howson-Griffiths T., Woods B., Jones C.H., Van De Ven P.M., Newman A., Parkinson C.	The impact of a visual arts program on quality of life, communication, and well-being of people living with dementia: A mixed-methods longitudinal investigation	In some cases, the art focus provided the main incentive to attend, for others the social aspect was more important, and a number perceived the benefits of both, making connections between the art and social aspects. .
Windle G., Joling K.J., Howson-Griffiths T., Woods B., Jones C.H., Van De Ven P.M., Newman A., Parkinson C.	The impact of a visual arts program on quality of life, communication, and well-being of people living with dementia: A mixed-methods longitudinal investigation	The program content was a stimulating experience, being a subject for conversation and learning more about other participants through discussion and artmaking. .
Secker J., Heydinrych K., Kent L., Keay J.	Why art? Exploring the contribution to mental well-being of the creative aspects and processes of visual art-making in an arts and mental health course	The core activity of the project is the provision of introductory art courses that aim to promote mental well-being and social inclusion by providing relaxing, welcoming art groups. .
Lee K.L., Mustaffa M.S., Tan S.Y.	Visual arts in counselling adults with depressive disorders	In other words, visual arts had become a communication tool for them and their counsellor to achieve further discussion during the counselling process (Lee & Mustaffa, 2011). .
Windle G., Gregory S., Newman A., Goulding A., OBrien D., Parkinson C.	Understanding the impact of visual arts interventions for people living with dementia: A realist review protocol	Encounters with art (viewing and making) might be seen as playing an important part in the above because it facilitates communication and collectivises feelings that are not easily addressed otherwise. .
Goulding A.	How can contemporary art contribute toward the development of social and cultural capital for people aged 64 and older	Specifically, this article examines whether discussing the artwork within a group context develops bonding social capital between participants, bridging social capital between participants and group leaders, and linking social capital between participants and arts educators and researchers. .
Goulding A.	How can contemporary art contribute toward the development of social and cultural capital for people aged 64 and older	The discussions aimed to gage participants reactions to the art in order to understand art engagement and interpersonal engagement (e.g., cultural and social capital). .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	But the enlightenments ideas also matter because they made us see art as a class of things. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	It allows them to gain knowledge, skill and experience, which, with luck and talent, might make them a successful artist. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	that is the claim and the promise of the fine arts, so access to them is to be encouraged because of their improving potential. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Professional artists bring skill, talent, knowledge and experience to making art. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	A professional artist can be relied on to create something that is, at the very least, competent and sometimes exceptional. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	It is true that personal change is easier to enable and observe, as participants (nonprofessional artists) gain skills, confidence and knowledge. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	the foundation of empowerment in community art is a similar acquisition of skills in art materials and techniques that opens the possibility of using the power of art itself. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	It also helped them acquire new skills and knowledge, build confidence and social contacts, think, imagine, be creative and express their ideas, and be recognised for their achievement. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	People working in participatory art welcomed its ideas and findings, and it had a positive effect on support for their work. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	While their work is expected to achieve an acceptable artistic standard, it is assessed primarily on its ability to reach new audiences, to build confidence and skills, or to involve people in decision-making. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	This paper describes the findings of the research, which found that: Participation in the arts is an effective route for personal growth, leading to enhanced confidence, skill-building and educational developments which can improve peoples social contacts and employability. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	This paper describes the findings of the research, which found that: Participation in the arts is an effective route for personal growth, leading to enhanced confidence, skill-building and educational developments which can improve peoples social contacts and employability. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	The research identified several of these, including the boost to peoples self confidence, the development of social contacts, acquisition of new skills and a take up of training or education opportunities. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Whatever else the arts might or might not offer, they are a highly effective route to enhanced confidence. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	The findings of the study do indeed suggest that this is true: participating in the arts is a major confidence builder (as already illustrated) and a means of developing peoples skills. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Some thought that their new skills would help with arts careers. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	The artists also benefited from honing their skills in working with the public, and from having room in which they could grow creatively as well as professionally. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	But there was also evidence that the creative process could inspire a sense of empowerment in the people involved as a group. .
Grossi, E., ; Sacco, P.L., ; Blessi, G.T., ; Cerutti, R.,	The Impact of Culture on the Individual Subjective Well-Being of the Italian Population: An Exploratory Study	They found evidence of positive effects of performing arts practice, including positive changes in reported behavior and improvements in social skills and interaction among young people at risk. .
Grossi, E., ; Sacco, P.L., ; Blessi, G.T., ; Buscema, M.,	The Interaction Between Culture, Health and Psychological Well-Being: Data Mining from the Italian Culture and Well-Being Project	They found evidence of positive effects of performing arts practice, including positive changes in reported behavior and improvements in social skills and interaction among young people at risk. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	The role of the staff - the arts professionals developing the activities - was defined as essential to ensuring the quality of the experience, to enhance the motivation of participants and consequently to certify the development of the potential outcomes. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	In research by Goodlad et al. on the ability of arts programmes to support social inclusion, the authors describe a line of benefits from the individual to community level: What begins as a case of taking part for the sake of it, produces benefits in skills, self-confidence, self-esteem and well-being. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Thus, people co-operating and working towards an artistic programme, by gaining organizational and leadership abilities can increase their ability to face other community challenges. .
Yonas, M., A.; Burke, J., G.; Rak, K., ; Bennerr, A., ; Kelly, V., ; Gielen, A., C.	A Picture’s Worth a Thousand Words: Engaging Youth in CBPR Using the Creative Arts.	Visual Voices is an arts-based participatory research method to facilitate young community member engagement, uncover and celebrate their expertise, inform future community-engaged research and guide intervention and prevention efforts. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Such a demand-side approach will help build a market for the arts by developing the capacity of individuals to gain benefits from their arts experiences. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The arts are said to improve test scores and self-esteem among the young. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Creating Benefits to Individuals The arts are claimed to have cognitive, attitudinal, and behavioral benefits for children who are exposed to the arts in school. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The opportunity to define success in school not simply in terms of the traditional school measures (such as grades and test scores in traditional academic classes), but also in terms of rewarding school-based arts experiences, inclusion in arts-focused social groups, and success in arts classes and activities provides an important way for students to develop self-confidence and a sense of being well integrated into the school environment. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Direct Instruction in the Arts and Associated Benefits Direct instruction in the arts, which includes both arts appreciation courses and instruction on creating art, is likely to have different kinds of effects and to be most relevant to different kinds of students depending on the type of instruction the student receives. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	It is the experience of art that creates intrinsic benefits. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	But if their early creative experience has brought pleasure and recognition, it can become an ideal gateway to future arts experiences because the individuals have had a positive experience with the arts, have learned the underlying techniques of an art form, and have begun to develop the ability to discriminate between a good performance and a mediocre one.2 .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Intrinsic benefits build over time as the individual becomes more perceptive and more skilled at interpreting what he or she experiences. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The process of frequent arts involvement is likely to develop competencies within a given domain that increase the emotional and mental intensity of the experience. .
Hill Strategies , R.,	Social Effects of the Arts: Exploratory Statistical Evidence.	The respondents believed that their newly acquired skills from participating in arts projects would be helpful in finding work, among other areas. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	We would like them feel that this program is doing something for them and that this added value is bringing new possibilities, new opportunities for their creation, for their creative life. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The first beneficiary is the group itself, because through this process those people go much deeper into the product and the artistic experience. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	But they also want to grow as individuals, as artists and professionals and prove that they developed a rich understanding of the arts landscape in York and beyond. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Therefore, we could say that these experiences are at least looking like an artistic empowerment, potentially driving to a political empowerment. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	But the development of these tools allows participants to acquire new abilities, or skills. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	This process enriches humanly and personally who is taking part in the project: I felt more confident with myself: thanks to this experience I think I have developed greater critical sense. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Also, artistic quality can be related to perceived success and positive image generation. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	Findings Personal self-image - Evidence from focus groups and qualitative interviews demonstrates that for children and young people, their involvement in creating art gave them not only a sense of achievement but also an important sense of status. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	We also found that participation in arts instructionformal and informal, at arts schools, community colleges, community centers, and through some arts organizations for all agesare forms of cultural participation engagement that people registered as particularly valuable because of the intrinsic value of the activity and also because of the skills acquired in learning a craft (e.g., problem solving skills, leadership skills, etc.) as well as the social networks created through this type of participation. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	Some of the claimed benefits derived from the arts, such as self-esteem, are primarily personal or individual benefits, while others, such as developing community identity, occur at a community level. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	It has been suggested that those participating in arts programmes may accrue some benefits (such as self-esteem or creative skills) directly as a result of their participation (ie arts + participation = outcome). .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	For example, people may learn new skills and feel more confident as the result of participating in community arts activity, and this, in turn, may increase their employability. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	Participant Regularly attending workshops in some instances was felt by some artists to be an indicator of self-development and confidence in social settings. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Artistic skills that come with being a competent artist are thus socially acquired in socialization, in the family and at school. .
Blessi, G.T., ; Tremblay , D., G.; Sandri, M., ; Pilati, T.,	New trajectories in urban regeneration processes: Cultural capital as source of human and social capital accumulation – Evidence from the case of Tohu in Montreal	Employment provides an individual with the potential for fuller participation in social, cultural and economic life and allows individuals to enhance their skills and strategies to be used in the pursuit of life satisfaction and lifestyle choices. .
Walmsley, B.,	Co-creating theatre: authentic engagement or inter-legitimation?	Co-creation can clearly thrill audiences and deepen their engagement while also providing useful feedback and authentic insights to help artists reflect on and develop their work. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	For individuals the learning experience might generate the impetus for significant life change or provide the skills and insights to advance their work or personal life goals. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Pride in artistic achievement Creating a meaningful and inspiring artistic result was at the heart of every successful project. .
Thomson, L. J.; Lockyer, B.; Camic, P. M.; Chatterjee, H. J.	Effects of a museum-based social prescription intervention on quantitative measures of psychological wellbeing in older adults	Participants appreciated opportunities afforded by creative and co-productive activities to acquire learning and skills, and get to know new people in a different context..
Morse, N.; Thomson, L.J.M.; Brown, Z.; Chatterjee, H.J.	Effects of creative museum outreach sessions on measures of confidence, sociability and well-being for mental health and addiction recovery service-users	These creative spaces enabled participant confidence to grow over the weeks. .
Windle, G.; Gregory, S.; Howson-Griffiths, T.; Newman, A.; O Brien, D.; Gouldin, A.	Exploring the theoretical foundations of visual art programmes for people living with dementia	Professional artists may have unique expertise to benefit participants. .
Horton, S., ; Spence, J.,	Scoping the economic and social impact of archives.	Engagement with such services can be viewed in terms of the development of personal capital (social skills and knowledge) from which these positive social impacts could be derived. .
Spiegel, J., B.; Parent, S., N.	Re-approaching community development through the arts: a ‘critical mixed methods’ study of social circus in Quebec.	To mitigate this, when they reach the point of proficiency, participants are often encouraged toward other programmes for further developing their artistic skill. .
Serafinelli, M., ; Tabellini, G.,	Creativity Over Time and Space	Being close to other creative individuals could increase individual productivity through learning, exchange of ideas, or role model effects. .
Jackson, A., ; McManus, R.,	SROI in the art gallery; valuing social impact	The workshops increase participants confidence, allowing them to find their strengths, tackle their weaknesses and as a result believe in themselves. .
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	The classes helped participants develop self-confidence, create and strengthen relationships, and encouraged more active lives. .
Reynolds F., Vivat B., Prior S.	Womens experiences of increasing subjective well-being in CFS/ME through leisure-based arts and crafts activities: A qualitative study	They did seem to find that art-making affirmed identity and expanded meaningful experiences within circumscribed lifeworlds. .
Kumari G., Ratnesh M., Eguruze E.S.	Role of CSR in supporting tribal handicrafts of Jharkhand	It has also helped in the skill development and socio-economic development of the local communities with the focus on women artisans. .
Bergqvist P., Punzi E.	“Living poets society”–a qualitative study of how Swedish psychologists incorporate reading and writing in clinical work	According to the participants, it is important to identify the patients abilities and interests since experiences of being a capable person strengthen ones sense of self. .
Douka S., Zilidou V.I., Lilou O., Manou V.	Traditional dance improves the physical fitness and well-being of the elderly	Moreover, itis considered an important fact that their self-esteem and mood increase as they realized they can engage in new skills. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	According to organisers, participants sometimes discover hidden talents, participation and learning new skills boosts the confidence of older people, attending classes increases their independence and opens up to the concept of lifelong learning. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	The face-to-face interviews reveal that some participants gain confidence in their skills and go on to develop further artistically and personally. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	(Interview with member of long-term visual arts group) Another interviewee emphasised that the opportunity to participate in a public forum to perform/display their talents had a positive effect on their self-esteem: The festival allows older people to publicly share their talents, which is good for self-esteem. .
Subramaniam P., Woods B.	Digital life storybooks for people with dementia living in care homes: An evaluation	The development of the life story movie encouraged person-centered care in that it helped care staff to see their client as a person and to value their experience. .
Mastandrea S., Fagioli S., Biasi V.	Art and psychological well-being: Linking the brain to the aesthetic emotion	Aesthetic experience concerns the appreciation of aesthetic objects and the resulting pleasure. .
Roe B., McCormick S., Lucas T., Gallagher W., Winn A., Elkin S.	Coffee, Cake & Culture: Evaluation of an art for health programme for older people in the community	It was also stated being able to create their art work was a source of pride. .
Zazulak J., Halgren C., Tan M., Grierson L.E.M.	The impact of an arts-based programme on the affective and cognitive components of empathic development	The basic idea is that exposure to art appreciation techniques equips learners with visual literacy strategies that increase the attention that is paid to the details that constitute an image, which in turn improves the quality of the perceptions that are formed through observation. .
Ketch R.A., Rubin R.T., Baker M.R., Sones A.C., Ames D.	Art appreciation for veterans with severe mental illness in a VA Psychosocial Rehabilitation and Recovery Center	The students taught themselves to see the world more fully through the artists creativity. .
Ketch R.A., Rubin R.T., Baker M.R., Sones A.C., Ames D.	Art appreciation for veterans with severe mental illness in a VA Psychosocial Rehabilitation and Recovery Center	Through his art, he helps the viewer learn to see more and in greater detail. .
Deane K., Fitch M., Carman M.	An innovative art therapy program for cancer patients.	Participants also shared (heir perceptions of the outcomes of the program in terms of their ability to achieve their goals, personal growth, satisfaction, and recommendations for the art therapy program. .
Whitesell E.R.	A day at the museum: The impact of field trips on middle school science achievement	In addition to fact recall, this study identified impacts on students ability to interpret and describe art, finding positive effects that were largest for disadvantaged students. .
MacRitchie J., Breaden M., Milne A.J., McIntyre S.	Cognitive, Motor and Social Factors of Music Instrument Training Programs for Older Adults’ Improved Wellbeing	Other benefits reported by the participants included increased self-awareness and selfefficacy. .
Waddington-Jones C., King A., Burnard P.	Exploring wellbeing and creativity through collaborative composition as part of hull 2017 city of culture	Through mastering a new skill or acquiring knowledge, as well as engaging in a new activity and socializing with others, participants psychological wellbeing increases. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Because these projects increase artistic skill, they can also be considered to enhance educational status via informal education. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The approach deeply nurtures an individuals multi-sensory engagement with the world and allows him or her to develop in a way that benefits him or her, on his or her own terms, yet in a way that offers benefits of skill and esteem. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Participants indicated that their involvement in arts-based activities provided them with the opportunity to learn new skills that contributed towards their receipt of employment. .
Bridger A.J., Emmanouil S., Lawthom R.	Trace.space: a psychogeographical community project with members of an arts and health organisation	That particular participant felt he had gained tools and skills to work with in future projects. .
Garcia Yeste C., Gairal Casadó R., Munté Pascual A., Plaja Viñas T.	Dialogic literary gatherings and out-of-home child care: Creation of new meanings through classic literature	This functioning in fact influences adolescents to increase their self-esteem and to make sense of their lives. .
Warran K., Fancourt D., Perkins R.	The experience and perceived impact of group singing for men living with cancer: A phenomenological study	(Andrew) Learning experiences support a focus on the future, the development of skills and, consequently, personal growth. .
Williamson V.J., Bonshor M.	Wellbeing in brass bands: The benefits and challenges of group music making	Nurturing and developing your own musical talent leads to many accomplishments that boost your self-esteem over time. .
Habron J., Butterly F., Gordon I., Roebuck A.	Being well, being musical: Music composition as a resource and occupation for older people	The findings indicate that it not only enabled participants to engage in creative occupation beyond their everyday experience but also added significant meaning to their sense of identity, with effects that included a widening of participants occupational range and, for the duration of the project, a more robust self-belief. .
Bernard M., Rickett M., Pruchno R.	The cultural value of older peoples experiences of theater-making: A review	Participants were enabled to transform their views of themselves and others in ways that were beneficial for health and well-being: their skills and confidence improved through taking risks, they felt rewarded, developed new relationships (both through the intervention and in their daily lives), and felt valued. .
Tischler V., Schneider J., Morgner C., Crawford P., Dening T., Brooker D.A.W.N., Garabedian C., Myers T., Early F., Shaughnessy N., Innes A., Duncan K., Prashar A., McDermott O., Coaten R., Eland D., Harvey K.	Stronger together: learning from an interdisciplinary dementia, arts and well-being network (DA&WN)	I have grown in courage and confidence in my own arts practice and look forward to applying this into creative projects in the future. .
Blencowe C., Brigstocke J., Noorani T.	Engines of alternative objectivity: Re-articulating the nature and value of participatory mental health organisations with the Hearing Voices Movement and Stepping Out Theatre Company	The objective aesthetic standards are crucial to empowerment in Stepping Out. .
Ryan H.E., Flinders M.	From senseless to sensory democracy: Insights from applied and participatory theatre	It therefore offers up opportunities for cultivating the skills, confidence and understanding of participants. .
Goddard J.	Valuing the place of young people with learning disabilities in the arts	4) Creative Development In terms of developing young people with disabilities as professional artists, their creative learning is a key component to consider. .
Newman A., Goulding A., Davenport B., Windle G.	The role of the visual arts in the resilience of people living with dementia in care homes	He soon enjoyed the experience of the arts enrichment activities, demonstrating adaptation and self-esteem, and he liked the fact that this was part of a university research project. .
Gowda D., Dubroff R., Willieme A., Swan-Sein A., Capello C.	Art as Sanctuary: A Four-Year Mixed-Methods Evaluation of a Visual Art Course Addressing Uncertainty Through Reflection	PURPOSE: Engagement with visual art is a promising modality for addressing issues of uncertainty via reflective practice, one that is being increasingly used in health science education. .
Gowda D., Dubroff R., Willieme A., Swan-Sein A., Capello C.	Art as Sanctuary: A Four-Year Mixed-Methods Evaluation of a Visual Art Course Addressing Uncertainty Through Reflection	Engagement with visual art is a promising modality for addressing issues of uncertainty via reflective practice, one that is being increasingly used in health science education. .
Gowda D., Dubroff R., Willieme A., Swan-Sein A., Capello C.	Art as Sanctuary: A Four-Year Mixed-Methods Evaluation of a Visual Art Course Addressing Uncertainty Through Reflection	Conclusions The findings in this evaluation indicate that art-based education holds promise to explore important competencies critical to medical practice such as observation, reflection, self-care, and tolerating uncertainty. .
Windle G., Joling K.J., Howson-Griffiths T., Woods B., Jones C.H., Van De Ven P.M., Newman A., Parkinson C.	The impact of a visual arts program on quality of life, communication, and well-being of people living with dementia: A mixed-methods longitudinal investigation	In relation to the visual arts, helpful findings are emerging from small, exploratory but well-conducted studies of visual arts programs. .
Windle G., Joling K.J., Howson-Griffiths T., Woods B., Jones C.H., Van De Ven P.M., Newman A., Parkinson C.	The impact of a visual arts program on quality of life, communication, and well-being of people living with dementia: A mixed-methods longitudinal investigation	They found the participants were interested in learning new things, showing improved confidence in their own skills, and capabilities. .
Windle G., Joling K.J., Howson-Griffiths T., Woods B., Jones C.H., Van De Ven P.M., Newman A., Parkinson C.	The impact of a visual arts program on quality of life, communication, and well-being of people living with dementia: A mixed-methods longitudinal investigation	They provide insights into the theoretical basis of how and why visual art programs may be effective, and what outcomes may be important, an essential consideration when choosing evaluation tools. .
Lee K.L., Mustaffa M.S., Tan S.Y.	Visual arts in counselling adults with depressive disorders	(Potter) Facilitating deeper self-understanding Some participants described the use of visual arts in counselling as a new learning experience to improve their self-understanding, and therefore, it also brought them to another meaningful stage of self-growth. .
Cárdenas R.E., Barriga A.P., Lizama J.I.	Artistic expression as a teaching strategy for the development of affectivity and self-esteem in people with Intellectual Disabilities and Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) La expresión artística como estrategia didáctica para el desarrollo de la afectividad y la autoestima en una persona con Discapacidad Intelectual y Síndrome Alcohólico Fetal (SAF)	The conclusion also reinforces the importance of a proper atmosphere for the teaching of Arts and the value of creative activity in the context of diversity, self-discovery and a more affective inclusion with the educational community in general. .
Kabel A., Teti M., Zhang N.	The art of resilience: photo-stories of inspiration and strength among people with HIV/AIDS	Participants were enabled to transform their views of themselves and others in ways that were beneficial for health and well-being: their skills and confidence improved through taking risks, they felt rewarded, developed new relationships (both through the intervention and in their daily lives), and felt valued. .
Young R., Camic P.M., Tischler V.	The impact of community-based arts and health interventions on cognition in people with dementia: A systematic literature review	Visual art was also found to prompt new learning and intellectual stimulation. .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Toma M., Kroll T., Joice S., Mead G., Donnan P., Williams B.	Feasibility study of the effects of art as a creative engagement intervention during stroke rehabilitation on improvement of psychosocial outcomes: Study protocol for a single blind randomized controlled trial: The ACES study	Visual art interventions may achieve these effects by enhancing control over recovery through development of confidence, leading to enhanced self-esteem 25,26 . .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Toma M., Kroll T., Joice S., Mead G., Donnan P., Williams B.	Feasibility study of the effects of art as a creative engagement intervention during stroke rehabilitation on improvement of psychosocial outcomes: Study protocol for a single blind randomized controlled trial: The ACES study	Confidence that personal rehabilitation goals and artspecific goals could be achieved was generated through the opportunities for skill acquisition that art provided. .
Goulding A.	How can contemporary art contribute toward the development of social and cultural capital for people aged 64 and older	Participants' cultural capital developed in terms of an increase in knowledge and understanding of contemporary art. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	They perceived certain continuities in their creative self-expression whilst also enjoying ongoing growth of skills and self-discovery. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	As participants were creating art at a level that was skilful enough for exhibition, their expertise may have had some bearing on the benefits derived from this activity. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	Regarding artistic activities specifically, studies indicate that creativity need not decline in later life and that some older people gain many personal and social advantages from participation, including meaning, purpose, challenge and a positive identity. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	Praise from fellow artists (whether amateurs or professionals) was experienced as offering a specific and potent source of validation: You get a real sense of achievement from what you've produced at art college . .
Pérez-Sáez, E.; Cabrero-Montes, E., M.; Llorente-Cano, M.; González-Ingelmo, E.	A pilot study on the impact of a pottery workshop on the well-being of people with dementia.	Future research should further explore the impact of the degree of impairment on the manifestations of well-being during art sessions and study the duration and persistence of the positive effects of creative arts programmes such as the one presented here. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	A similar pattern is likely in the case of certain cognitive and behavioral benefits at the individual level, to the extent that individual participants must acquire certain skills or be involved with the arts over sustained periods before the benefits can be realized. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Whether we are talking about learning how to learn or developing the personal skills instrumental in promoting behavioral change and educational success, sustained involvement in the arts education process is necessary. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Arts-based methods offer potential not just for more knowledge but also a different kind of knowledge. .
Lommerse M., Eggleston R., Brankovic K.	Designing Futures: A Model for Innovation, Growth and Sustainability of the Craft and Design Industry	This gave them design process experience they can use to create future products and extended their knowledge of materials, processes and technologies. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	Improves skills - older artists realise they have something to offer. .
Monsuez J.-J., François V., Ratiney R., Trinchet I., Polomeni P., Sebbane G., Muller S., Litout M., Castagno C., Frandji D.	Museum moving to inpatients: Le louvre à l’hôpital	They were trained for continuing the art engagement activity with the patients in the years to follow. .
Newman A., Goulding A., Davenport B., Windle G.	The role of the visual arts in the resilience of people living with dementia in care homes	Visual arts enrichment activities were examined to see how they might provide opportunities for resilience. .
Secker J., Heydinrych K., Kent L., Keay J.	Why art? Exploring the contribution to mental well-being of the creative aspects and processes of visual art-making in an arts and mental health course	Learning processes revolved around learning to learn and artistic development. .
Secker J., Heydinrych K., Kent L., Keay J.	Why art? Exploring the contribution to mental well-being of the creative aspects and processes of visual art-making in an arts and mental health course	Each course varies a little depending on the specialism ofthe artist leading the course, which is beneficial to the project as a whole as the arts facilitators, volunteers and participants share skills and try out each others ideas. .
Cárdenas R.E., Barriga A.P., Lizama J.I.	Artistic expression as a teaching strategy for the development of affectivity and self-esteem in people with Intellectual Disabilities and Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) La expresión artística como estrategia didáctica para el desarrollo de la afectividad y la autoestima en una persona con Discapacidad Intelectual y Síndrome Alcohólico Fetal (SAF)	Visual arts education plays a fundamental role in the diversification of the artistic knowledge of children and young people, because it generates spaces for the integration of methods, forms of expression and interpretations that constitute a language and a vertex from which to understand the world and connect with others (National Council for Culture and the Arts, 2016, p. 7). In the school context, the artistic training of the student body creates inventive and critical human capacities so that art can continue its historical trajectory of revealing, through the styles and aesthetic forms of painting, sculpture, music, dance, literature and drawing, the diverse understandings and feelings of the human being about nature and about their own existence in the world (Siqueira, 2009, p. 146). .
Noice T., Noice H., Kramer A.F.	Participatory arts for older adults: A review of benefits and challenges	Collaborative investigations between area researchers and artist-teachers in such venues might go a long way toward building a more extensive and cohesive knowledge base. .
Goulding A.	How can contemporary art contribute toward the development of social and cultural capital for people aged 64 and older	Linking relationships with arts educators could help older people access opportunities. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	In several of the case studies there was evidence that arts projects had contributed to the development of understanding, sympathy and relationships between the ends of the age spectrum: children and young people on the one hand, and older and retired residents on the other. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Other studies explored the development of peoples empathy and tolerance among different cultures and lifestyles. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The result of recurrent experiences, these benefits spill over into the public realm in the form of individuals who are more empathetic and more discriminating in their judgments of the world around them: Expanded capacity for empathy. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Beyond these immediate effects, there are personal effects that develop with recurrent aesthetic experiences, such as growth in ones capacity to feel, perceive, and judge for oneself and growth in ones capacity to participate imaginatively in the lives of others and to empathize with others. .
Stern, M., J.	Measuring the Outcomes of Creative Placemaking	On the other hand, we say that what art does which is crucially important for society is creating empathy, allowing solidarity for people who do not necessarily share the same reality. .
Konrath S.	Museums as Weavers of the Invisible Strings that Connect us	Be a Model of Empathy First, art museums can play an active role in building empathy and social connection within their communities, and the first step is to be a model of empathy and warmth for visitors and those who dont currently attend. .
Konrath S.	Museums as Weavers of the Invisible Strings that Connect us	Design Evidence-Based Exercises that Encourage Empathy This is also related to the first point, but it focuses on how the artworks themselves can be used to help increase empathy and social connection. .
Zazulak J., Halgren C., Tan M., Grierson L.E.M.	The impact of an arts-based programme on the affective and cognitive components of empathic development	The questions were designed to assess whether the students felt that their empathic tendencies were enhanced as a result of participating in the programme, as well as to determine whether the programme was effective in developing skills other than visual literacy. .
Zazulak J., Halgren C., Tan M., Grierson L.E.M.	The impact of an arts-based programme on the affective and cognitive components of empathic development	For example, they reported that viewing art enabled them to become more attentive and tolerant to the feelings and viewpoints of others. .
Zazulak J., Halgren C., Tan M., Grierson L.E.M.	The impact of an arts-based programme on the affective and cognitive components of empathic development	It also helps to foster tolerance for different opinions. .
Zazulak J., Halgren C., Tan M., Grierson L.E.M.	The impact of an arts-based programme on the affective and cognitive components of empathic development	For instance, the current programme could potentially be improved through increased focus on art appreciation exercises that are geared towards affective aspects of empathy. .
Deane K., Fitch M., Carman M.	An innovative art therapy program for cancer patients.	While the cancel experience continued to change their lives in many ways, the benefits from involvement in the art therapy/museum education program were portrayed as numerous. Although each persons diagnosis and personal circumstances differed, many described a common bond that developed from the mutual understanding and empathy evolving throughout the sessions. Participants found their confidence was reaffirmed as positive feelings about themselves increased through awareness and expression, ...fl gained) increased awareness, revelation of some unconscious feelings and issues... gelling in touch with certain things brought out more positive aspects of oneself. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	The multiple data collection methods informed the overall understanding of how the arts impacted on social relationships in care homes, allowing for a more holistic view of the impacts and the mechanisms through which participatory arts can build social relationships. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	A treasured outcome reported by one participant was learning tolerance for people with different capabilities: It teaches you tolerance I think. .
Macchia T., DAndrea V., Mazzini R., Di Fiore A., Cozza M.	Exploring theater of the oppressed for participatory design	In the context of Participatory Design, empathy offers designers the opportunity to develop greater understanding of peoples needs and idiosyncrasies while enabling mutual understanding. .
Lee K.L., Mustaffa M.S., Tan S.Y.	Visual arts in counselling adults with depressive disorders	Visual arts open up possibilities for adult clients to express and explore their feelings, and for counsellors to understand and communicate with their clients. .
Kaimal, G.; Gonzaga, A., M.; Schwachter, V.	Crafting, health and wellbeing: findings from the survey of public participation in the arts and considerations for art therapists.	This report is meant to highlight how the crafts could be viewed as a creative and expressive asset within the field of art therapy, rather than as an activity alone. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	In communities left more and more to their own devices, participatory artand especially community artmight be a valuable tool for building a better future. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Respected as artists capable of for imaginative inquiry and creation, they experienced a kind of cultural democracy. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	It is one of participatory arts strengths that it can accommodate apparently dissimilar aims. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	shared creative work enables people to learn from and about one another because they bring different histories, identities, imaginations and desires to the act. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	The project cycle and empowerment one way of navigating these inequalities of power is to see that artistic activity is only one stage in a participatory art project. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	In all the diversity of their ideas and practice, community artists shared a common purpose of creating innovative, exciting art. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	they did not cause but enabled the development of participatory art in the hands of a new generation of artists. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	INTRODUCTION Every artist or arts worker will be familiar with the way in which participating in the arts can have a transformative effect on individual lives: after all, that is much of what art is about. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Although it is the artistic product, or perhaps the creative process itself, which generally draws the attention of outsiders, the management processes which support a community-based project can have their own outcomes. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Perhaps because they are already at a point where they are looking for growth, they use the creative process as a springboard to a different way of seeing themselves, which leads them to make real changes in their life. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Even if these activities normally do not stimulate social interaction, they are capable of enhancing creativity and opportunities for expression. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Here local governments can take an important role in providing equal and democratic access to quality free-time activities, by targeting arts-based pursuits. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The benefits will differ, however, depending on whether the community is involved in creating art, appreciating art, or promoting art, as we describe next. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Individual-Level Benefits Some forms of arts education are more likely to produce benefits than others, an observation that suggests empirical studies must be more specific about the type of arts activities engaged in by their subjects. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Although these experiences can occur at any age, they appear to be the most effective in terms of developing positive attitudes toward the arts and an inclination to continue an involvement in the arts if they occur when a person is young. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	It was also an opportunity to open their own creative process to a specific target of local citizens, who could contribute to nourish the artists creative process. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	We already had some positive experience in exposing artists to new environment, so we were excited to see what will Be SpectACTive! project bring. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	In this case, insisting on participation can alter the conditions of artistic creation, at least as it is classically perceived through the judgement on its artistic quality or professional dimension, but it can also argue for a new definition of artistic quality, depending on other values. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	We found that type of support is potentially much impactful for many artists, as it gives them the chance to do their work and research at their own pace and based on their own needs, not only for satisfying the project and needs of the organisation needing to execute a certain cooperation programme. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Most therefore consider this experience as a learning process about what creating could be or even about what being an artist could be. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Some others got the will to create their own pieces and artistic projects. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	This is the power of working in a participatory way, which is still hyperlocal but it is thus connected outwards to artists and ideas beyond the local community. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	For some artists the project was also an opportunity to make unexpected discoveriess. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	But a more fundamental issue is whether the sector needs to reevaluate its artistic offer, including the concepts of high quality and diverse art. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	The experience provided her with an opportunity to work in a new setting and with practitioners from a different artform. .
Harland, J., ; Kinder , K., ; Hartley, K.,	Arts in their view. A study of youth participation in the arts.	Whatever the age group, how can arts funders and providers encourage young people to develop their sporadic dabbling in imaginative or creative activities into fuller and more sustained experiences in arts participation? .
Landry, C., ; Bianchini, F.,	The Creative City	For the same reasons it may often be important to introduce outside attitudes and skills, to encourage a more critical, imaginative view of how things are done. .
Windle, G.; Gregory, S.; Howson-Griffiths, T.; Newman, A.; O Brien, D.; Gouldin, A.	Exploring the theoretical foundations of visual art programmes for people living with dementia	Bringing these sources together makes a distinctive contribution to a current gap in knowledge about how and why arts interventions may lead to positive outcomes. .
Zarobe, L.; Bungay, H.	The role of arts activities in developing resilience and mental wellbeing in children and young people a rapid review of the literature	However, further creative activities, such as visual arts, were added to the search terminology. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	This should be distinguished from other types of engagement activities that involve more creative control, such as making a new work of art (i.e., inventive engagement). .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	Art can give places a new destination and new meanings to enable appropriation for the good of the community. .
Merli, P.,	Evaluating the social impact of participation in arts activities. A critical review of François Matarasso’s “Use or Ornament?”	He was interested in understanding how individual creativity affected innovation at a wider social level. .
Merli, P.,	Evaluating the social impact of participation in arts activities. A critical review of François Matarasso’s “Use or Ornament?”	For example, what is the role of participatory arts programmes in encouraging this type of creativity, compared with other forms of education? .
Fancourt D., Baxter L., Lorencatto F.	Barriers and enablers to engagement in participatory arts activities amongst individuals with depression and anxiety: Quantitative analyses using a behaviour change framework	These include knowing about different types of artistic activities, feeling more mentally capable of participating, and being able to make a plan for when and how to engage. .
Reynolds F., Vivat B., Prior S.	Womens experiences of increasing subjective well-being in CFS/ME through leisure-based arts and crafts activities: A qualitative study	Several factors then attracted participants specifically to art-making. .
la Cour K., Josephsson S., Luborsky M.	Creating connections of life during life-threatening illness: Creative activity experienced by elderly people and occupational therapists	So, the creative activity accentuated a change of focus and contributed to experiences of profound joy. .
la Cour K., Josephsson S., Luborsky M.	Creating connections of life during life-threatening illness: Creative activity experienced by elderly people and occupational therapists	Clients can accomplish a lot of things within these creative projects. .
Malyn B.O., Thomas Z., Ramsey-Wade C.E.	Reading and writing for well-being: A qualitative exploration of the therapeutic experience of older adult participants in a bibliotherapy and creative writing group	An additional question future research might explore is around the differences in therapeutic processes occurring in various community participatory arts groups based upon the artistic medium being used. .
Lourenço I.	Bollywood in portugal: Watching and dancing practices in the construction of alternative cultural identities Bollywood em portugal: A construção de identidades culturais alternativas entre audiências e praticantes de dança	The complexity and flexibility of this practice also allows greater freedom with regard to creativity and re-interpretation. .
Środa-Murawska S.	Railway feat. culture – Rumia library effect as an example of the influence of culture-led regeneration in a medium-sized city in Poland	In turn, due to its originality and the offered possibilities, it is able to create a unique new place and become the basis for new experiences for the residents. .
Mckenzie M., Hutton T.	Culture-led Regeneration in the Post-industrial Built Environment: Complements and Contradictions in Victory Square, Vancouver	These practices are examples of creating creative cities. .
Saavedra J., Arias S., Crawford P., Pérez E.	Impact of creative workshops for people with severe mental health problems: art as a means of recovery	Participants were encouraged to create their own artwork. .
Boyce M., Bungay H., Munn-Giddings C., Wilson C.	The impact of the arts in healthcare on patients and service users: A critical review	The designs used to assess the impact of other art forms were more varied and flexible, which helped to illuminate important issues that would be missed by the simple use of pre- and post-test designs. .
Sextou P., Smith C.	Drama is for Life! Recreational Drama Activities for the Elderly in the UK	This is appealing as it means creative freedom for practitioners and individuals that are involved, and opportunities for theatrical experimentation in practice. .
Wyatt M., Liggett S.	The Potential of Painting: Unlocking Disenfranchised Grief for People Living With Dementia	Art-based research can be defined as the systematic use of the artistic process, the actual making of artistic expressions in all of the different forms of the arts, as a primary way of understanding and examining experience by both researchers and the people that they involve in their studies. .
Windle G., Joling K.J., Howson-Griffiths T., Woods B., Jones C.H., Van De Ven P.M., Newman A., Parkinson C.	The impact of a visual arts program on quality of life, communication, and well-being of people living with dementia: A mixed-methods longitudinal investigation	The program comprises two underpinning factors; dynamic and responsive artistic practice, and a provocative and stimulating aesthetic experience. .
Secker J., Heydinrych K., Kent L., Keay J.	Why art? Exploring the contribution to mental well-being of the creative aspects and processes of visual art-making in an arts and mental health course	The creative processes were playful experimentation and inspiration. .
Secker J., Heydinrych K., Kent L., Keay J.	Why art? Exploring the contribution to mental well-being of the creative aspects and processes of visual art-making in an arts and mental health course	Creative processes The creative processes identified as central to participants experience of the Open Arts courses clustered around two main themes: playful experimentation and inspiration. .
Windle G., Newman A., Burholt V., Woods B., OBrien D., Baber M., Hounsome B., Parkinson C., Tischler V.	Dementia and Imagination: A mixed-methods protocol for arts and science research	Complex interventions are often implemented in a diverse manner by people with variations in skills and ability, to different populations in different settings, which can influence the outcome of the intervention.28 The intervention development phase aims to uncover the active ingredients to help understand how visual art interventions might be effective. .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Toma M., Kroll T., Joice S., Mead G., Donnan P., Williams B.	Feasibility study of the effects of art as a creative engagement intervention during stroke rehabilitation on improvement of psychosocial outcomes: Study protocol for a single blind randomized controlled trial: The ACES study	These materials present different approaches to art-making that the artist will tailor to match participants interests, abilities and impairments. .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Toma M., Kroll T., Joice S., Mead G., Donnan P., Williams B.	Feasibility study of the effects of art as a creative engagement intervention during stroke rehabilitation on improvement of psychosocial outcomes: Study protocol for a single blind randomized controlled trial: The ACES study	The art itself provided ways in which survivors could use their upper limbs and try out activities for themselves. .
Windle G., Gregory S., Newman A., Goulding A., OBrien D., Parkinson C.	Understanding the impact of visual arts interventions for people living with dementia: A realist review protocol	To address this, the review contributes to the development of a theoretically informed visual arts programme. .
Scott S.D., Brett-MacLean P., Archibald M., Hartling L.	Protocol for a systematic review of the use of narrative storytelling and visual-arts-based approaches as knowledge translation tools in healthcare.	A systematic review guided by inclusive conceptualization of the visual arts, that includes the common artistic approach of narrative storytelling, will help inform this innovative area of investigation. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	An artists versatility was also important to many participants, in being inventive and having an incessant need to create. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	As a result, many others have benefited through participating in artistic work. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	The creation of art is intrinsic to community art and differentiates it from other forms of social action, including education or community development. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	It is enough to give people choices about their own education, culture and development. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Those who work in the arts, especially in the participatory sector, have long argued that they produce positive social impacts. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	This research was designed to add a dimension to existing economic and aesthetic rationales for the arts by looking at their role in social development and cohesion. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	None the less the contribution of voluntary and participatory arts to individual and community well-being, and to the vitality of contemporary cul- ture, is very significant. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Whatever value the arts have in their own right in the curriculum (and they have much), their potential for supporting broad educational goals should be recognised. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	But there is no doubt that arts projects can be highly successful in making training attractive to people who had not previously been reached by education initiatives. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	The mutually-supportive relationship between artists and people participating in the arts as non-professionals is easily overlooked, but it is crucial to the growth of individuals and to sustaining cultured and creative communities. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Consultation leading to empowerment The use of the arts to facilitate public consultation becomes a genuinely empowering process when it addresses local political issues and decision-making. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	But participatory arts activities are more likely to produce positive social impacts if they subscribe to these principles. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Participatory arts work is an effective tool of social development in proportion to its resources and vision. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	People-centred development strategies are increasing in vogue and art at a local level appears to be able to add to social and economic regeneration. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	There is now recognition that many people working on renewal and regeneration programmes in cities are becoming increasingly aware of the human potential of a community, and that the arts can be used as a mechanism to trigger individual and community development (Landry, 1996). .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	A subsequent study (Matarasso, 1998b), describing the social impact of Belfasts cultural activity, indicates that community arts projects can impact positively on the personal development of participants and community regeneration. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	The fact that local communities feel sufficiently empowered to take control of arts projects and then guide and develop them for the benefit of the wider population can only be good in strengthening the capacity of the community. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	This bringing together of arts into community development, and community development embracing the arts in the development of a holistic approach to people-centred development, is one of the challenges facing the arts and community development specialists. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	If arts projects are seen as a tool of empowerment - controlled by the beneficiaries and something that belongs to the community - they could have a dramatic effect on regeneration. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	In general, the graphic illustrates a pronounced link between the active engagement in arts activities and the educational outcomes, advocating for greater interest in this field of research, particularly in arts programmes developed in school environments. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	According to the Arts education in secondary schools: effects and effectiveness study, some of the major benefits of arts programmes were the effects on the school ethos, in the sense of pride and of the positive and adventurous atmosphere created by involvement in the arts, and on the school image, which raised its public profile due to the arts activities it promoted (Harland et al. 2000). .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Through sustainable engagement in these activities people can develop skills that can be valuable for other community organizations outside the arts groups, in external social contexts and in future situations. .
Evans, G.,	Measure for measure: evaluating the evidence of culture’s contribution to regeneration.	From Economic to Social Impacts and Quality of Life Culture-led regeneration, or rather regeneration using cultural events and flagship projects, has also widened the rationale for cultural investment to include social impacts, in particular, arts-based projects which address social exclusion, the well-being of city residents and greater participation in community life. .
Montalto, V., ; Campagna, D., ; Caperna, G.,	Does Culture Make a Better Citizen? Exploring the Relationship Between Cultural and Civic Participation in Italy	It is also worth noticing that although educational attainment is a very much influential predictor of civic engagement, cultural participation remains positively and significantly associated with civic participation even after controlling for education. .
Montalto, V., ; Campagna, D., ; Caperna, G.,	Does Culture Make a Better Citizen? Exploring the Relationship Between Cultural and Civic Participation in Italy	It has extensively been argued that participation in arts and cultural activities can contribute to processes of social inclusion and therefore to advance a more cohesive society. .
Montalto, V., ; Campagna, D., ; Caperna, G.,	Does Culture Make a Better Citizen? Exploring the Relationship Between Cultural and Civic Participation in Italy	In addition to that, it is particularly interesting and promising to notice that cultural participation has a positive effect on civic engagement for people engaging more in civic life but having a low educational level. .
Vakkari, P., ; Serola, S.,	Perceived outcomes of public libraries	Career benefits and benefits in cultural activities in particular increase by rising educational levels. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Measuring changes in subjective well‑being from engagement in the arts, culture and sport	In addition to the findings suggesting a number of subjective well-being benefits may be derived from changes in engagement in the arts, culture and sport, we further extend the literature on the well-being impacts of these leisure activities by identifying that these impacts are differentiated by type of activity and measure of well-being. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Measuring changes in subjective well‑being from engagement in the arts, culture and sport	They also highlight the benefits of active participation, including health benefits associated with sports, and social interaction benefits of both sport and more active involvement in the arts. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	And finally, we reviewed the literature on participation in the arts to help us identify factors that give individuals access to the arts and the benefits they provide. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	How Individuals Gain Access to the Benefits A wide range of benefits can be gained from involvement in the arts, but we contend that many of themand particularly those most often cited by arts advocatesare gained only through a process of sustained involvement. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The most promising way to develop audiences for the arts would be to provide well-designed programs in the nations schools. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Arts organizations should consider it part of their responsibility to educate their audiences to appreciate the arts. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	They view the arts as a means of achieving broad economic and social goals, such as education, crime reduction, and community development. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	(These benefits can even improve the lives of community members who have no direct experience of the arts.) .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Types of Arts Involvement As was true for the studies of cognitive benefits, studies of attitudinal and behavioral benefits concentrate on exposure to the arts through educational programs. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Finally, individuals value the arts because the arts can contribute to the general education and edification of the population and thus help produce a happier and more productive population. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Also, research on community arts programs, as we shall describe, suggests that this kind of activity may provide its own, distinctive benefits to the community. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	For example, an improved attitude toward the arts and school could reasonably be associated not only with an arts-rich environment (as it is in the discussion that follows), but also with the use of the arts as a pedagogical tool to help students learn. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Arts-Rich School Environment and Associated Benefits Schools differ not only in the types of arts education they offer as part of the academic curricula, but also in the extent to which the arts are part of the general school environment. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	An arts-rich school environment is also one that acknowledges the value of such activities and provides recognition to student participation. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	This type of arts education, as we stated earlier, is seen most frequently in history and social studies classes, where the use of art objects from a particular period or culture can help students gain a richer sense of the culture or period they are studying. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Moreover, it can enrich their understanding of the art itself by placing it in a particular social, political, and historical context. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Thus, the greater an individuals level of involvement with the arts, the more likely he or she is to realize various categories of benefits. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Moreover, the prestige value that a community can obtain from the arts is based on the benefits that the community as a whole realizes from the esteem in which the community is held because of the arts available in the local area. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	As we explained in Chapter One, intrinsic benefits refer to effects inherent in the arts experience that add value to peoples lives. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Conclusion The intrinsic benefits we have set out here, taken together, form the unique contributions of the arts to individual lives and collective experience. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	They include the context in which the arts education takes place (e.g., school, private lessons, community setting); the nature of the arts education (e.g., classes in art history or arts appreciation, classes in the various forms of doing or creating art); and the duration and frequency of the arts education. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Cumulative Effects of Arts Participation As we noted earlier, some benefits may be realized at all levels of involvement in the arts; but the results of our analysis suggest that the higher-order benefits require sustained arts involvement. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Once this learning process starts, even small incremental changes in the individuals level of involvement can bring high levels of benefits.8 Model C is the most consistent with the situation in which the arts are used to help individuals understand subjects other than the arts. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	A Broader View of the Public Benefits of the Arts We propose a view of the benefits of the arts that is broader than the current one in that it incorporates intrinsic and instrumental benefits and distinguishes among the ways in which the arts can affect the public welfare. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	For example, the arts can promote the development of learning skills that are of benefit to the societya fact attested to by societys willingness to supply these effects directly (e.g., by providing public education). .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The Central Role of Intrinsic Benefits in Arts Participation Again, individuals decisions to become involved in the arts are principally driven by the intrinsic benefits the arts provide. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	A demand-side approach would aim to build a market for the arts by cultivating the capacity of individuals to gain benefits from arts experiences. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Similarly, research on the arts social effects points to community-based programs as the major locus of such benefits. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The most promising way to develop audiences for the arts is to provide well-designed programs in the nations schools. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	However, the community level effects of the arts on communities are broader than this; indeed, we believe that the ways in which involvement with the arts can promote community development at a broader level are more important than they have been given credit for. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Corresponding to these present and future benefits are the prestige and edification that the arts can provide to communities and the importance people attach to having the arts available for future generations (referred to as bequest value). .
Catterall, J., S.; Dumais, S., A.; Hampden-Thompson, G.,	The Arts and Achievement in At-Risk Youth: Findings from Four Longitudinal Studies.	Such studies have proved essential to the current research literature on the types of instrumental benefits associated with an arts education. .
Catterall, J., S.; Dumais, S., A.; Hampden-Thompson, G.,	The Arts and Achievement in At-Risk Youth: Findings from Four Longitudinal Studies.	The Arts and Achievement in At-Risk Youth is a partial attempt to fill this knowledge gap. .
Catterall, J., S.; Dumais, S., A.; Hampden-Thompson, G.,	The Arts and Achievement in At-Risk Youth: Findings from Four Longitudinal Studies.	The rationale was that higher-income, higher-educated families will, on average, provide their youth with more opportunities to experience the arts through extra classes, lessons, or opportunities for attendance, perhaps through more affluent schools with extensive arts programs. .
Catterall, J., S.; Dumais, S., A.; Hampden-Thompson, G.,	The Arts and Achievement in At-Risk Youth: Findings from Four Longitudinal Studies.	Throughout this report, high-arts students are also characterized as students who have had arts-rich backgrounds, or who have had intensive arts involvement as elementary, middle school, and/or high school students. .
Catterall, J., S.; Dumais, S., A.; Hampden-Thompson, G.,	The Arts and Achievement in At-Risk Youth: Findings from Four Longitudinal Studies.	Even among high-SES individuals, college-going rates were higher if students had engaged in arts-rich experiences in high school, according to a separate database. .
Catterall, J., S.; Dumais, S., A.; Hampden-Thompson, G.,	The Arts and Achievement in At-Risk Youth: Findings from Four Longitudinal Studies.	When it comes to participating in extracurricular activities as a whole, favorable results were also seen with respect to arts-rich students in both high- and low-SES groups, in high school and college alike. .
Catterall, J., S.; Dumais, S., A.; Hampden-Thompson, G.,	The Arts and Achievement in At-Risk Youth: Findings from Four Longitudinal Studies.	These findings suggest that in-school or extracurricular programs offering deep arts involvement may help to narrow the gap in achievement levels among youth of high- versus low-SES. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The composition and the experience of artistic teams could help: in fact, the participatory capacity could be increased by integrating new skills and profiles into the team. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	Community arts programs often involve people who are disadvantaged in some way (at-risk youth, ethnic minorities, people in a poor neighborhood) and are designed in the context of some larger goal, such as neighborhood improvement (typically aesthetic) or learning and teaching about diverse cultures (multiculturalism). .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	Their goal was to beautify their blighted community center, which involved local residents in the creation of artworks around the community center. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	Audience members may gain some new knowledge or cultural capital8 by attending arts events. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	A questionnaire survey and observer focus groups were designed to collect information on the types of people who became involved in or support community-based arts projects, what motivated them and what long-term benefits were gained. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	Examples of good practice and community/arts organisations long active in this field could be more widely acknowledged and publicised. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	We also found that formal and informal cultural districtsphysical concentrations of arts organizations and arts-related businesses as well as professional artists and people who are involved in making art recreationallyare important in helping to stimulate and sustain various crucial aspects of cultural vitality. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	For example, our research and the research of others affirms that arts education (kindergarten through high school) and after-school arts programs are an important form of participation that leads to future cultural and other types of civic engagement.16 .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	We have learned that another important dimension of support involves public policies explicitly endorsing arts and culture as a community priority (e.g., mandated arts education in public schools, formal arts districts, inclusion of arts and culture in the general plan, etc.) as well as the continuous integration of arts and culture into other public policy priorities, such as housing, public works, education, and economic development. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	This is, in part, due to more data about arts education than other aspects of cultural vitality and strong advocates for arts education inside and outside the cultural field. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	There may be value in the Arts Council exploring successful, longterm partnerships in depth and disseminating the lessons learned. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	These insights will perhaps help the readers critical understanding of the problematics behind immediate claims such as: quality is good and we need more of it and allowing audiences decision-making power in the arts creation process makes the arts more democratic. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	In the specific case of artistic quality in participatory processes with audiences, the question could be reworded in the following way: are we more interested in the process of engaging and empowering audiences or, instead, are we more concerned on the final artistic result of the participatory activity? .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	On the benefits for audiences A consultation carried out in Catalonia in 2016 (Bonet et al., 2016), involving spectators who are actively engaged in different areas of performing arts activity, demonstrates that the participatory experience brings about multiple benefits in terms of effective use of leisure time, contribution towards the improvement of social reality, learning the scenic languages and heritage, deeper knowledge of the sector, direct knowledge of creators activity, etc. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Most promising in this regard could be the use of digital technologies for improving the cultural experience of users. .
Harland, J., ; Kinder , K., ; Hartley, K.,	Arts in their view. A study of youth participation in the arts.	Given its statutory status and importance for all young people, it seems appropriate to start with the place of the arts in the school curriculum. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	It sees collaborative artistic production as a powerful vehicle for experiential learning and appreciation of other value systems. .
García, B.,	Urban Regeneration, Arts Programming and Major Events: Glasgow 1990, Sydney 2000 and Barcelona 2004	A committed dedication towards arts programming in major events can assist in keeping the balance and provide a complementary dimension to the economic discourse that is sustainable in the long term. .
Richards, A. G.; Tietyen, A.C.; Jicha, G.A.; Bardach, S.H.; Schmitt, F.A.; Fardo, D.W.; Kryscio, R.J.; Abner, E.L.	Visual Arts Education improves self-esteem for persons with dementia and reduces caregiver burden: A randomized controlled trial.	These statements reflect the aims of this study, to provide enjoyable learning experiences in the visual arts that might stimulate those skills and processes that persons with ADRD retain, improving QOL for both persons with ADRD and their caregivers. .
Zarobe, L.; Bungay, H.	The role of arts activities in developing resilience and mental wellbeing in children and young people a rapid review of the literature	While the existing evidence does provide an indication of the potential value of participating in arts activities to enhance wellbeing and resilience, further research which meets the requirements of healthcare commissioners will be necessary if the use of arts interventions is to become adjunct to traditional health service provision. .
Australian Expert Group in Industry Studies , AEGIS,	Social impacts of Participation in the Arts and Cultural Activities	The project focused on the growing body of research work examining the impact of participating in arts and cultural activity on other areas of social interest such as: cognitive skills and educational attainment; community pride/identity; crime prevention; mood; self-esteem; social behaviour; social cohesion; and health. .
Australian Expert Group in Industry Studies , AEGIS,	Social impacts of Participation in the Arts and Cultural Activities	The arts and cultural portfolio areas have developed initiatives to contribute to broad government objectives, including the reduction of social exclusion, community development, improvements in individual self esteem, educational attainment or health status. .
Australian Expert Group in Industry Studies , AEGIS,	Social impacts of Participation in the Arts and Cultural Activities	The hypothesis explaining why it was that youth attended arts activities and returned to them was that the arts attract interest from students not otherwise reached; that they reach students in more effective ways; that the arts connect students to themselves and each other; that they transform the environment for learning and provide learning opportunities for the adults in the lives of young people; that they provide new challenges for students already successful; and that the arts connect learning experiences to the world of real work. .
Australian Expert Group in Industry Studies , AEGIS,	Social impacts of Participation in the Arts and Cultural Activities	Thus, for instance, the impacts of arts education on academic performance are sometimes said to work through the mechanisms of adding to self-esteem which suggests that there are several areas of impact from the same set of participations. .
Australian Expert Group in Industry Studies , AEGIS,	Social impacts of Participation in the Arts and Cultural Activities	The concern may be with capacity building, both in terms of communities and individuals, whether or not this involves formal or informal training or is expected as a more general result of participation in the arts and cultural programs. .
Hacking, S.; Secker, J.; Spandler, H.; Kent, L.; Shenton, J.	Evaluating the impact of participatory art projects for people with mental health needs.	Arts participation increased levels of empowerment and had potential to impact on mental health and social inclusion..
Ratti, M.,	Outcome indicators for the cultural sector	The cultural field could take huge advantage from considering the outcomes it generates in the lives of individuals and communities. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Indeed, cultural districts would benefit from seeing the ecosystem of diverse partnerships within which they play a key part as a potential social impact in itself. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Cultural districts should welcome evaluation not only for stakeholders but also to help improve their own practice in delivering on their social and artistic objectives. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	Some arts groups see active arts programs as a means of gaining a more favorable profile in the community, or as a long-term investment in audience development. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	The association between participatory arts practice and increased attendance is positive, but it is a byproduct of a fulfilling expressive experience, not a direct result. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	Driving these programs is a subtle but fundamental shift in self-perception from a producer of professional quality arts programs to a facilitator of creative exchange and aesthetic growth, and a growing awareness of the civic leadership role that arts organizations can and must play in their communities. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	These organizations are building connections between the arts and other community priorities, and increasing the visibility and relevance of the arts by sharing resources. .
Arikan, Y., ; Clark, T., N.; Noonan, D., S.; Tolley, G.,	The arts, Bohemian scenes, and income.	Our discussion connects this vitalizing role for arts activity to broader community development dynamics. .
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	Conclusion Overall, these creative arts adult education classes provided considerable benefits to participants that extended beyond the classroom. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	Further research is needed into the long-term benefits of creative arts groups for promoting carer well-being. .
Ploner J., Jones L.	Learning to belong? ‘Culture’ and ‘place making’ among children and young people in Hull, UK City of Culture 2017	Building on the above findings, our study highlights the need to recognise schools as pivotal sites for young people where they are not only enabled to use the culture their city has to offer, but see themselves playing a vital part in the citys cultural production. .
Arikan Y., Clark T.N., Noonan D.S., Tolley G.	The arts, Bohemian scenes, and income	Our discussion connects this vitalizing role for arts activity to broader community development dynamics. .
Carnegie A., Norris M.	Strengthening communities, building capacity, combating stigma: exploring the potential of culture-led social housing regeneration	In addition to servicing the artistic community it provides classes, workshops and other resources required to involve local people in the arts. .
Pereira N.S., Marques-Pinto A.	Including dance instruction in an after-school socio-emotional learning program significantly improved students’ self-management and relationship skills: A quasi experimental study	Therefore, the use of art-based activities in school programs may be useful to promote children and youths engagement. .
Pereira N.S., Marques-Pinto A.	Including dance instruction in an after-school socio-emotional learning program significantly improved students’ self-management and relationship skills: A quasi experimental study	The present study The present study entails an alternative approach to SEL programs, the Experiencing Emotions SEL program using Education through Art, with a view to better contributing to pupils responsiveness towards after-school interventions by choosing activities that may be more appealing and interesting to children and adolescents. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	Although the idea arose to create a large university and knowledge cluster, it also aims to improve and develop cultural and artistic activity in the area and, thus, the quality of life of its citizens. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	The festival has grown every year and has met its objective of providing opportunities for meaningful engagement in the arts by older people, both as artists and participants. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	What this study tells us is that engagement with the arts carries considerable potential, though not easily measured, to enrich the life of participants across a variety of health-related domains. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	The results of this study suggest that additional investment in participatory arts programmes for older people will likely yield considerable public health benefits into the future. .
Tymoszuk U., Perkins R., Spiro N., Williamon A., Fancourt D.	Longitudinal associations between short-term, repeated, and sustained arts engagement and well-being outcomes in Older Adults	These findings suggest that policies that facilitate older adults' access to arts venues and activities, and support their continued engagement with them, may help to promote happy, fulfilling lives of an increasing segment of the population. .
Tymoszuk U., Perkins R., Spiro N., Williamon A., Fancourt D.	Longitudinal associations between short-term, repeated, and sustained arts engagement and well-being outcomes in Older Adults	Here, we further demonstrate that sustained engagement with receptive arts activities is particularly associated with positive experienced, evaluative, and eudaimonic well-being over time. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	The comments offered by the participating service users show that they are aware of the value that arts and cultural activities can bring to their lives in terms of life quality as well as health and wellbeing. .
Whitesell E.R.	A day at the museum: The impact of field trips on middle school science achievement	This evidence that field trips can contribute positively to student achievement is meaningful for policymakers and administrators, as it suggests schools can provide enrichment experiences that families desire without sacrificing student test scores. .
Plaza B., Haarich S.N.	The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao: Between Regional Embeddedness and Global Networking	This global network allows for better exhibitions, better educational programs, allows more people to learn through art, attracts more and better artists and collections, shares different values, and contributes to enhancing better relationships between different countries, regions, cultures, and people (Azua, 2005, p. 83). .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	Results: Participatory arts enhanced social relationships between older people and between older people and care staff in care homes. .
MacRitchie J., Breaden M., Milne A.J., McIntyre S.	Cognitive, Motor and Social Factors of Music Instrument Training Programs for Older Adults’ Improved Wellbeing	Choice of repertoire, opportunities for peer interaction, and good use of aural/visual materials contributed to the learners satisfaction with the program. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	From these data, it can be concluded that community arts approaches that pursue professionalisation on an ongoing basis are special when it comes to increasing socioeconomic status through the arts. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The musical projects documented in this chapter thus increased arts professionalisation, enhanced the socioeconomic status of participants and promoted that social determinants positive health implications. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	They developed human health-benefiting resources of status and capacity to build status via arts in a community of urban poverty, and in this way, furthered health equity and promoted social justice (equality of opportunity) of the poor. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The insights shared in this chapter about the creative and community-driven processes of making a documentary on country or running a community festival will resonate strongly with those who work in the arts, but when viewed through a SDOH lens, these insights offer an additional dimension that speaks to the influence such activities can have from the individual to the community and organisational level. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	Art and cultural engagement can play a positive role in raising peoples aspirations and making them aware of the opportunities that are available to them both within and outside their communities and this aligns well with developing soft power skills through the use of art and culture 31 . .
Linton J.	Quiet contributors: The role of the arts, humanities and social sciences in innovation	Insight is offered into why the arts, humanities and social sciences are important to the generation of social and economic benefits through innovation. .
Eerola P.-S., Eerola T.	Extended music education enhances the quality of school life	Overall, the results imply that extended music education has a positive effect on the social aspects of schooling. .
Goddard J.	Valuing the place of young people with learning disabilities in the arts	A greater focus on the arts, facilitation and training is needed in order to do this. .
Vettraino E., Linds W., Jindal-Snape D.	Embodied voices: using applied theatre for co-creation with marginalised youth	Also highlighted in this paper are the benefits of working with the arts in contexts where young people have been marginalised. .
Cárdenas R.E., Barriga A.P., Lizama J.I.	Artistic expression as a teaching strategy for the development of affectivity and self-esteem in people with Intellectual Disabilities and Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) La expresión artística como estrategia didáctica para el desarrollo de la afectividad y la autoestima en una persona con Discapacidad Intelectual y Síndrome Alcohólico Fetal (SAF)	- States that the artistic activities carried out in the sessions have had a benefit in their social and educational integration within the educational establishment. .
Cárdenas R.E., Barriga A.P., Lizama J.I.	Artistic expression as a teaching strategy for the development of affectivity and self-esteem in people with Intellectual Disabilities and Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) La expresión artística como estrategia didáctica para el desarrollo de la afectividad y la autoestima en una persona con Discapacidad Intelectual y Síndrome Alcohólico Fetal (SAF)	Contributing to proposals for curricular implementation in the arts requires increasing collaboration networks with other public and private institutions, because they guarantee over time the establishment of collaborative work alliances in a systematic, constant and progressive manner that guarantee the development of visual self-expression, health mental health, affectivity and self-esteem of children and young people with Intellectual Disability. .
Young R., Camic P.M., Tischler V.	The impact of community-based arts and health interventions on cognition in people with dementia: A systematic literature review	They suggested that attention-training exercises could lead to cognitive improvements, thereby concluding that arts training might have positive implications for other cognitive processes. .
Young R., Camic P.M., Tischler V.	The impact of community-based arts and health interventions on cognition in people with dementia: A systematic literature review	Whilst encouraging, this theory suggests that a prior interest in the arts may be necessary for such cognitive improvements. .
Young R., Camic P.M., Tischler V.	The impact of community-based arts and health interventions on cognition in people with dementia: A systematic literature review	All studies reviewed here, do however, suggest that community-based arts interventions can have a positive impact on cognitive processes, particularly attention, memory and cognitive engagement. .
Hanna G.P., Noelker L.S., Bienvenu B.	The arts, health, and aging in America: 2005-2015	Lifelong Learning and Community Engagement The founding principles for this key issue are that accessibility to and active participation in the arts is essential to a communitys economic vitality, and increases the quality of life across the life span, thus reducing the costs of health and long-term care. .
Hanna G.P., Noelker L.S., Bienvenu B.	The arts, health, and aging in America: 2005-2015	Accomplishments made to date in lifelong learning and the arts include robust partnerships among communitybased arts, aging services, and other community organizations. .
Hanna G.P., Noelker L.S., Bienvenu B.	The arts, health, and aging in America: 2005-2015	Intentional senior living communities, such as continuing care retirement communities, are enlisting artists and arts organizations to integrate the arts into their portfolio of programs for life enrichment and community engagement. .
Hanna G.P., Noelker L.S., Bienvenu B.	The arts, health, and aging in America: 2005-2015	Building age-friendly communities with a focus on the arts and the living history of older people will help turn these challenges into opportunities for all residents of a neighborhood. .
Pérez-Sáez, E.; Cabrero-Montes, E., M.; Llorente-Cano, M.; González-Ingelmo, E.	A pilot study on the impact of a pottery workshop on the well-being of people with dementia.	During the art sessions the participants showed higher scores in several domains of well- being, such as interest, sustained attention, pleasure, and self-esteem than during traditional activities. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	It can also be a joy to do, and art thrives when it gives pleasure. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	But participatory artists also see the process as intrinsically valuable. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	one reason why its pioneers saw community as being primarily geographical was their commitment to building lasting relationships with people through art work that developed over time. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	In Batley, observer groups felt strongly that the arts work had had a impact on developing community networks. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Here, local people had also come together to establish a support group for the artist-in-residence. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	The impact of this subtle improvement in the quality of the fabric of the estate is recognised by tenants: the arts project seemed to residents and professionals alike to have offered people many different ways of owning change and sharing in its success. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	For a substantial number, the revelation that they could do something artistic which other people would truly value produced a lasting change. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Investing in local communities Participatory arts projects are also effective means of supporting and investing in local communities. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	By helping to reaffirm a group's identity, it helps groups gain pride and confidence in their abilities. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	Collective artistic expression by communities can assist local people assert and empower themselves and thereby countering the negative effects of globalization. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Measuring changes in subjective well‑being from engagement in the arts, culture and sport	The results in Model 1, which considers life satisfaction, suggest that engagement with the arts, through both arts activities and events, has a positive and statistically significant relationship with life satisfaction. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The Missing Element: Intrinsic Benefits People are drawn to the arts not for their instrumental effects, but because the arts can provide them with meaning and with a distinctive type of pleasure and emotional stimulation. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	(As we discuss in Chapter Four, some of these benefits to communities are intrinsic benefits inherent to the arts experience.) .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	And some works go beyond such personal effects, providing a common experience that draws people together and influences the way the community perceives itself, thereby creating intrinsic benefits that accrue to the public.1 Given the importance of intrinsic benefits, it is unfortunate that they have been so marginalized in both public discourse and research on the arts. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	One could argue that pleasure is the primary intrinsic value of arts experiences, both creative and aesthetic, and that it should be mentioned first. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Experiences of the arts, according to many of these commentators, help build those ties. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Contributions to the Public Sphere Besides providing these personal benefits, some of which, as we have noted, also have public value, works of art provide two critical public benefits: they create bonds among people and they sometimes provide a voice for entire communities. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The best mentors are those who are deeply engaged in some form of art and want to share their enthusiasm. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	At some point, however, the individual begins to view the arts not simply as a pleasurable way to occasionally spend time, but as an important component of his or her identity (much the same way that individuals view hobbies or sports). .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	By their nature, these organizations tend to concentrate on arts experiences that are of particular interest to their communities. .
Catterall, J., S.; Dumais, S., A.; Hampden-Thompson, G.,	The Arts and Achievement in At-Risk Youth: Findings from Four Longitudinal Studies.	But positive relationships between arts and civic engagement are noted in high-SES groups as well. .
Jeannotte, M., S.	Singing alone? The contribution of cultural capital to social cohesion and sustainable communities	Third, active participation in the arts had positive impacts on local image and identity by celebrating local culture and traditions, affirming the pride of marginal groups, encouraging involvement in environmental improvements and transforming negative perceptions of local authorities and agencies. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Therefore, the community manager or Audience Developer is someone who is active in the involvement of the communities of the project and, at the same time, acts as an important link/hub for developing art processes at local level. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Community arts practitioners championed the right of different communities to determine their own culture in the interests of social justice: I really do believe in the community. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Both in process and in artistic output, they tend to believe that, in order to have a positive social impact, the art produced must be of the highest possible quality. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	It may also have a psychological effect within the city, building selfconfidence and civic pride among the population and even boosting optimism among investors. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	In such a climate, cultural events in Europe are experienced as a means of improving the city image, quality of life and the sense of pride and belonging. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	It is possible, for example, that in order to understand if and how the arts contribute to such subjective outcomes as increased trust of others, greater pride in ones community and motivation to work towards collective ends, then one needs to take an inductive approach to this question of community (e.g., using definitions that members themselves put forward). .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	In exhibitions, people derived pride from seeing their work professionally presented in a public exhibition. .
Gainza, X.,	Culture‑led neighbourhood transformations beyond the revitalisation/gentrification dichotomy.	As in other creative districts, the areas history and cultural diversity, the presence of historic buildings and gritty streets, its reputation and atmosphere (the look and feel) attracted artists. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.	Measuring the intrinsic impacts of arts attendance	(2) Art as a Means of Social Bonding & Bridging encompasses the sense of connectedness that can result from arts experiences, both with respect to self-understanding and identity construction, as well as a sense of belonging with, or pride in, ones community, defined by geography or people. .
Harland, J., ; Kinder , K., ; Hartley, K.,	Arts in their view. A study of youth participation in the arts.	8. A self-identity motive I participate in the arts because ... its how I define myself, helps my identity; its an important means of self-expression This vocabulary of motive was also particularly associated with an on-going commitment to arts involvement: respondents often volunteered that they defined themselves as creative, artistic and, hence, gravitated to other like-minded people socially. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Community-based, collaborative artistic expression is one of the most powerful ways that cultural diversity is expressed and community values communicated. .
Hacking, S.; Secker, J.; Spandler, H.; Kent, L.; Shenton, J.	Evaluating the impact of participatory art projects for people with mental health needs.	The majority of participants attributed perceived improvement to their arts participation. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	The idea that neighborhoods can be magnetized by participatory arts practice is powerful, and it appeals to civic leaders.29 Looking across the research, it seems reasonable to claim that active forms of arts participation generate many personal, community and societal benefits. .
Walmsley, B.,	Deep hanging out in the arts: an anthropological approach to capturing cultural value	Ive realised that this is where Im happiest - being creative, being inspired by the arts and culture of the city and region. .
Badham, M.,	Cultural Indicators: Tools for Community Engagement?	Their work is deliberately inclusive, including conventional manifestations of culture like the high arts and audience participation, as well as artistic expressions that reflect the values and preferences of the population groups that actually make up local communities. .
Bianchini, F., ; Tommarchi, E., ; Hansen, L., E.	Problematising the question of participation in Capitals of Culture	Based on this broader approach, the positive impacts of cultural participation on residents perception of their city (Impacts 08, 2010a, 2010b), as well as on individual wellbeing, self-esteem, local pride, and willingness to engage has been documented (Culture, Place and Policy Institute, 2018). .
Moody, E., ; Phinney, A.,	A community-engaged art program for older people: fostering social inclusion.	Participants also developed a stronger sense of community through collaboration as a group , working together on the arts project towards a fi nal demonstration to the larger community. .
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	Participants valued meeting people from their community and used these ties to access information about local opportunities. .
Reynolds F., Vivat B., Prior S.	Womens experiences of increasing subjective well-being in CFS/ME through leisure-based arts and crafts activities: A qualitative study	Participants all felt that leisure-based art had enhanced the quality of their everyday life in many ways. .
Liu Y.-D.	Event and sustainable culture-led regeneration: Lessons from the 2008 European Capital of Culture, Liverpool	It helped to improve the overall morale and credibility of the creative industry. .
Pastak I., Kährik A.	The impacts of culture-led flagship projects on local communities in the context of post-socialist tallinn	The smaller scale and local orientation, combined with the availability of a cultural component (and in some cases, the involvement of local artists), have turned out to be important aspects that have increased the usability to locals of the created places. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	Those who see Bealtaine as successful in this regard suggest that its very existence raises confidence and self-esteem among older people; its high visibility nationwide through billboard campaigns, media coverage and arts ambassadors creates an awareness of the importance of participation and shared cultural experience. .
Saavedra J., Arias S., Crawford P., Pérez E.	Impact of creative workshops for people with severe mental health problems: art as a means of recovery	The explicit and public appreciation of the artwork produced by the users has an important effect on them. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	Responses to the survey also indicated how participatory arts provided opportunities for residents to support and praise each other, including those who may not be directly involved in the activity: They appear to enjoy compliments within the peer group. .
Boyce M., Bungay H., Munn-Giddings C., Wilson C.	The impact of the arts in healthcare on patients and service users: A critical review	Therefore, overall it is apparent in the studies reviewed that pa-tients/service users positively valued the arts in healthcare settings and recognised its potential positive effects, benefits and gains. .
Gillam T.	Enhancing public mental health and wellbeing through creative arts participation	It is concerned with the value of music and the arts, not just to individuals, but to communities. .
McNaughton A., Aldington S., Williams G., Levack W.M.M.	Sing Your Lungs Out: A qualitative study of a community singing group for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)	They also appreciated the opportunity to perform as a contribution to their local community as well as wider audiences. .
Hidalgo M.	Valuing the economic and social impact of the Carnival of Blacks and Whites of Pasto, Colombia Valoración del impacto económico y social del Carnaval de Negros y Blancos de Pasto, Colombia	Residents of the city of Pasto also highlight the social impact of Carnival; they highly value the recognition and promotion of the image of the city of Pasto, and consider that it represents pride and satisfaction for the Pastuso people. .
Windle G., Joling K.J., Howson-Griffiths T., Woods B., Jones C.H., Van De Ven P.M., Newman A., Parkinson C.	The impact of a visual arts program on quality of life, communication, and well-being of people living with dementia: A mixed-methods longitudinal investigation	Nevertheless, most respondents were able to express a sense of enjoyment and pleasure in taking part in the art program, improving their well-being (such as improving their mood or emotional state), or, were able to describe and reflect on particular techniques they had most appreciated in the art group. .
Windle G., Joling K.J., Howson-Griffiths T., Woods B., Jones C.H., Van De Ven P.M., Newman A., Parkinson C.	The impact of a visual arts program on quality of life, communication, and well-being of people living with dementia: A mixed-methods longitudinal investigation	Ongoing weekly exposure to the art program may have been beneficial; self-esteem significantly increased by the end of the program at time .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Toma M., Kroll T., Joice S., Mead G., Donnan P., Williams B.	Feasibility study of the effects of art as a creative engagement intervention during stroke rehabilitation on improvement of psychosocial outcomes: Study protocol for a single blind randomized controlled trial: The ACES study	Similarly, the qualitative work demonstrated that stroke survivors perceive improved self-esteem through art participation, but more specifically from the final stage of the intervention, in which the artwork is displayed and viewed by others. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	They felt that their engagement with art helped them to maintain acceptance within the wider world as a person of value, rather than being categorised by age or disability. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	Appreciating validation by others Participants valued positive feedback from others about their artwork, finding that this enhanced self-esteem. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	Listeners may be drawn to artists because of this quality. .
Campion, M.; Levita, L.	Enhancing positive affect and divergent thinking abilities: Play some music and dance.	This study tests whether engagement in activities that previous studies suggest should induce positive mood would also be associated with an enhanced ability to think creatively. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Art and culture both express human values and meanings but arts difference lies in its self-consciousness. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Based on key concepts in the aesthetics literature, we chose works of philosophy that address important aspects of the experience of art, such as the role of emotion or cognition in aesthetic judgment, the ways aesthetic experiences can shape an individuals moral understanding, and, likewise, how such experiences can help develop the sympathetic imagination so important in a democratic, pluralistic society. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.	Measuring the intrinsic impacts of arts attendance	Developing constructs The aesthetic experience is complex and affects individuals in conscious and subconscious ways. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	The process of reflection is often most effective when done in a co-operative creative group environment, as generated in community-based arts projects. .
Walmsley, B.,	Deep hanging out in the arts: an anthropological approach to capturing cultural value	However, within a phenomenological perspective that other has value and meaning in its own right, as it is through conscious reflection that individuals make sense and invest meaning in their experiences. .
Merli, P.,	Evaluating the social impact of participation in arts activities. A critical review of François Matarasso’s “Use or Ornament?”	Relevant contributions include, for example, psychological and sociological theories of creativity and art perception and empirical studies in the field of cognitive psychology on the effects of the arts on individuals. .
Reynolds F., Vivat B., Prior S.	Womens experiences of increasing subjective well-being in CFS/ME through leisure-based arts and crafts activities: A qualitative study	The study explored their initial motives for art-making, and then examined how art-making had subsequently influenced their subjective well-being. .
Abbing A., Ponstein A., van Hooren S., de Sonneville L., Swaab H., Baars E.	The effectiveness of art therapy for anxiety in adults: A systematic review of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials	2) using the art-making process as a consious pathway to difficult emotions and (traumatic) memories; leading to better emotion regulation; and .
Zazulak J., Halgren C., Tan M., Grierson L.E.M.	The impact of an arts-based programme on the affective and cognitive components of empathic development	This study evaluates the impact of an arts-based intervention designed to nurture learner empathy through the provision of facilitated visual literacy activities. .
Stewart J., Garrido S., Hense C., McFerran K.	Music use for mood regulation: Self-awareness and conscious listening choices in young people with tendencies to depression	These strategies were considered to represent conscious processes adopted by participants to change their mood. .
Vettraino E., Linds W., Jindal-Snape D.	Embodied voices: using applied theatre for co-creation with marginalised youth	The arts are how we learn about, come to terms with, and express our identities, emotions, thoughts and spiritualities (Nadeau and Young, 2006) and both transmit traditional knowledge and promote embodied healing. .
Clapp L.A., Taylor E.P., Di Folco S., Mackinnon V.L.	Effectiveness of art therapy with pediatric populations affected by medical health conditions: a systematic review	Expressing feelings can help children and young people better cope by providing the opportunity to reflect and to find a meaning in their experiences, thus decreasing the influence of negative emotions such as fear and uncertainty. .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Joice S., Kroll T., Mead G., Donnan P., Toma M., Williams B.	Art participation for psychosocial wellbeing during stroke rehabilitation: a feasibility randomised controlled trial	The Positive and Negative Affect Scale reflected the positive emotional changes anticipated by art participation. .
Gowda D., Dubroff R., Willieme A., Swan-Sein A., Capello C.	Art as Sanctuary: A Four-Year Mixed-Methods Evaluation of a Visual Art Course Addressing Uncertainty Through Reflection	One can postulate that enhancing reflective practice is a necessary step toward becoming aware of ones emotional responses to uncertainty and becoming aware of ones inherent biases in thinking. .
Lee K.L., Mustaffa M.S., Tan S.Y.	Visual arts in counselling adults with depressive disorders	The similar meanings of their experiences were that through art, they were able to understand their inner self at a deeper level and to face their problems more directly. .
Nielsen S.L., Fich L.B., Roesslerb K.K., Mullins M.F.	How do patients actually experience and use art in hospitals? The significance of interaction: A user-oriented experimental case study	The potential of the artwork in this particular state of mind is as a generator of memories, through which life experiences can be assembled into a meaningful whole. .
Collette N.	Art therapy and cancer Arteterapia y cáncer	Both the first type of evoked suffering and the second find expressive and healing outlets in the capacity of artistic representation, which natural selection bestowed in particular on the right hemisphere of our brain, to help us better face these amazing existential issues. .
Campion, M.; Levita, L.	Enhancing positive affect and divergent thinking abilities: Play some music and dance.	Furthermore, we postulated that, due to the interaction between exercise and music in the dance condition, the participants in this group would show greater improvements across all outcome measures of well-being and creativity. .
Campion, M.; Levita, L.	Enhancing positive affect and divergent thinking abilities: Play some music and dance.	Dancing significantly increased positive affect and decreased negative affect and feelings of fatigue. .
Campion, M.; Levita, L.	Enhancing positive affect and divergent thinking abilities: Play some music and dance.	Similarly to dancing, listening to music was also very effective in increasing emotional well-being and divergent thinking abilities. .
Campion, M.; Levita, L.	Enhancing positive affect and divergent thinking abilities: Play some music and dance.	Together, these findings highlight an area for further research into the potential use of two different types of approaches, dancing as well as listening to music, in helping to enhance positive affect, decrease negative affect and reduce fatigue in both clinical and non-clinical settings..
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Dance therapy typically involves rhythmic movement to music to foster physical or emotional rehabilitation. .
Zarobe, L.; Bungay, H.	The role of arts activities in developing resilience and mental wellbeing in children and young people a rapid review of the literature	Search terms included a range of creative activities: music, dance, singing, drama and visual arts; these were combined with terms linked to aspects of mental health, emotional wellbeing and resilience. .
Ritchie A., Gaulter A.	Dancing towards belonging: the use of a dance intervention to influence migrant pupils’ sense of belonging in school	Research has shown the influence of dance interventions on positive psychological and physical wellbeing. .
Ritchie A., Gaulter A.	Dancing towards belonging: the use of a dance intervention to influence migrant pupils’ sense of belonging in school	Dance to foster SOB The use of dance to engage young people and improving wellbeing has been widely researched. .
Ritchie A., Gaulter A.	Dancing towards belonging: the use of a dance intervention to influence migrant pupils’ sense of belonging in school	The use of dance as an extra-curricular intervention has many potential benefits, most notably the improvement of physical and mental wellbeing. .
Ritchie A., Gaulter A.	Dancing towards belonging: the use of a dance intervention to influence migrant pupils’ sense of belonging in school	Indeed, dance intervention research has previously been used to enhance positive selfperception. .
Ritchie A., Gaulter A.	Dancing towards belonging: the use of a dance intervention to influence migrant pupils’ sense of belonging in school	Mavrovouniotis et al. (2016) found that participation in a dance intervention offered enhancements in psychological wellbeing, including feelings of safety and reductions in anxiety. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	Purpose: This review aims to reveal how music and dance participation relates to key social determinants of health, and acts as population wellbeing and health promotion and preventive tools for people without pre-existing health issues in diverse social groups. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	Arts health is a domain concerned with promoting positive wellbeing and health outcomes for participants through engagement with various art forms, including music and dance (MacDonald et al., 2012). .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	Reviewing the impacts that active engagement in cultural activities such as music and dance can have on populations and communities has the potential to identify, prevent and improve health and enhance quality of life in populations in ways that are both cost effective and enjoyable. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	The ability to improve cognitive health through active music participation is important in maintaining positive wellbeing in individuals and populations. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	Wellbeing The contribution of dance participation to wellbeing involves a variety of social, physical, and personal components. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	The positive impact dance participation can have on individuals physical activity and health appear to be optimal when the style and context of the activity are culturally and socially appropriate. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	Dance summary of key findings Dance participation appears to contribute positively to individuals wellbeing and health across cultures and age groups. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	The evidence suggests that dance participation affects individuals in a range of ways that can improve health determinants, such as stress and social capital, which can lead to an improvement in overall wellbeing and health. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	Discussion The results of this systematic review indicate that participation in music and dance performing arts is effective for maintaining and promoting wellbeing and good health within a population. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	In addressing the initial key research question, the evidence suggests that music and dance relate to several social determinants of health in potentially positive ways. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	Engagement in music and dance potentially offers participants a range of wellbeing and health benefits that are unsurpassed by other activities, such as tai chi, writing, and sport. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	The evidence reviewed here suggests that music and dance activities enhance participants physical, cognitive, and social health and wellbeing across all groups, and interventions can be highly effective and able to be adequately maintained. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	Conclusion The results of this review suggest that actively participating in music and dance is an effective means through which individuals and populations can maintain and promote wellbeing and health across the life course. .
Foley B.C., Vassallo A.J., Reece L.J.	Lights out, lets dance! An investigation into participation in No Lights, No Lycra and its association with health and wellbeing	Dancing is a type of organized leisure time activity which may be utilized to enhance public health. .
Douka S., Zilidou V.I., Lilou O., Manou V.	Traditional dance improves the physical fitness and well-being of the elderly	Music, which is an important component of dance, improves physical performance. .
Douka S., Zilidou V.I., Lilou O., Manou V.	Traditional dance improves the physical fitness and well-being of the elderly	Dance beyond many benefits helps individuals to improve their body posture. .
Douka S., Zilidou V.I., Lilou O., Manou V.	Traditional dance improves the physical fitness and well-being of the elderly	Furthermore, dance, in addition to physical activity, combines the emotion, social interaction, motor coordination and music, thus creating a thriving environmental condition for individuals. .
Douka S., Zilidou V.I., Lilou O., Manou V.	Traditional dance improves the physical fitness and well-being of the elderly	Generally, dance offers a host of physical and mental benefits to individuals, especially when exercised to protect or improve their health. .
Mansfield L., Kay T., Meads C., Grigsby-Duffy L., Lane J., John A., Daykin N., Dolan P., Testoni S., Julier G., Payne A., Tomlinson A., Victor C.	Sport and dance interventions for healthy young people (15-24 years) to promote subjective well-being: A systematic review	Taking part in dance exercise to music (aerobics) and hip-hop dancing aerobics were reported to significantly improve self-reported positive well-being and reduce distress and fatigue at the end of the intervention (effect size=NR, p<0.05).47 .
Mansfield L., Kay T., Meads C., Grigsby-Duffy L., Lane J., John A., Daykin N., Dolan P., Testoni S., Julier G., Payne A., Tomlinson A., Victor C.	Sport and dance interventions for healthy young people (15-24 years) to promote subjective well-being: A systematic review	This evidence also shows that taking part in dance can lead to positive well-being outcomes in terms of mood enhancement and self-reported reductions in feelings of depression in some youth populations. .
Koch S.C., Mergheim K., Raeke J., Machado C.B., Riegner E., Nolden J., Diermayr G., von Moreau D., Hillecke T.K.	The embodied self in Parkinsons Disease: Feasibility of a single tango intervention for assessing changes in psychological health outcomes and aesthetic experience	We suspect that, in addition to the functional and psychological factors identified so far, the aesthetic experience in dance may be an important therapeutic factor mediating several outcomes of dance and other arts-based interventions. .
Koch S.C., Mergheim K., Raeke J., Machado C.B., Riegner E., Nolden J., Diermayr G., von Moreau D., Hillecke T.K.	The embodied self in Parkinsons Disease: Feasibility of a single tango intervention for assessing changes in psychological health outcomes and aesthetic experience	We suspect that, in addition to the functional and psychological factors identified so far, the aesthetic experience in dance may bean important therapeutic factor mediating several outcomes of dance and other arts-based interventions. .
Koch S.C., Mergheim K., Raeke J., Machado C.B., Riegner E., Nolden J., Diermayr G., von Moreau D., Hillecke T.K.	The embodied self in Parkinsons Disease: Feasibility of a single tango intervention for assessing changes in psychological health outcomes and aesthetic experience	In clinical practice, dance interventions can support adherence to keep high levels of daily movement and social activities, among other factors by causing pleasurable and aesthetic experiences from and with ones own body. .
Kattenstroth J.-C., Kalisch T., Holt S., Tegenthoff M., Dinse H.R.	Six months of dance intervention enhances postural, sensorimotor, and cognitive performance in elderly without affecting cardio-respiratory functions	In the dance group, beneficial effects were found for dance-related parameters such as posture and reaction times, but also for cognitive, tactile, motor performance, and subjective well-being. .
Kattenstroth J.-C., Kalisch T., Holt S., Tegenthoff M., Dinse H.R.	Six months of dance intervention enhances postural, sensorimotor, and cognitive performance in elderly without affecting cardio-respiratory functions	In this context, it is noteworthy that in addition to the aspects of physical exercise and the requirements for fine motor coordination, posture and balance - the emotional aspects of dancing and its close association with music - might add further beneficial effects. .
Saarikallio S.H., Randall W.M., Baltazar M.	Music Listening for Supporting Adolescents’ Sense of Agency in Daily Life	These reasons were categorized as: For current activity; For entertainment/enjoyment; To relax/calm down; To focus on the Music; For boredom/habit; To cope with a situation; For thinking/reflecting; To raise/boost energy; To enhance my current mood; To diminish my current mood; and To maintain my current mood. .
Saarikallio S.H., Randall W.M., Baltazar M.	Music Listening for Supporting Adolescents’ Sense of Agency in Daily Life	Worded as to cope with a situation, this suggests that listeners were using music to improve their internal mood state to deal with their lack of control over the external situation. .
Vik B.M.D., Skeie G.O., Specht K.	Neuroplastic effects in patients with traumatic brain injury after music-supported therapy	We provide knowledge of how and why music-supported interventions for patients with deficits in social behavior may experience a positive enhancement of social interactions and thereby live a better life. .
Waddington-Jones C., King A., Burnard P.	Exploring wellbeing and creativity through collaborative composition as part of hull 2017 city of culture	Musical engagement, therefore, has the potential to contribute positively to all dimensions of wellbeing. .
Särkämö T.	Music for the ageing brain: Cognitive, emotional, social, and neural benefits of musical leisure activities in stroke and dementia	In summary, music listening has an enhancing effect on mood and arousal, which can temporarily improve cognitive performance in attention or memory tasks in healthy older adults as well as in stroke patients with neglect and in PWDs. .
Boyce M., Bungay H., Munn-Giddings C., Wilson C.	The impact of the arts in healthcare on patients and service users: A critical review	Dancing also helped service users to relax by releasing tension. .
Ray K.D., Götell E.	The use of music and music therapy in ameliorating depression symptoms and improving well-being in nursing home residents with dementia	Music activities designed by music therapists and facilitated by CNAs may help sustain the reduction of depression symptoms and improve wellbeing in nursing home residents with moderate to severe dementia. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	This suggests that emotional function of music in ceremonies has the capacity to be used flexibly and for a range of beneficial outcomes. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	In particular, this promising theoretical model can be focused on well-being by considering how experiencing different levels of pleasure, arousal and dominance in combination might better promote health and well-being through music engagement. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Music can generate positive responses and play an important role in emotional expression and mood modulation. .
Cheong C.Y., Tan J.A.Q., Foong Y.-L., Koh H.M., Chen D.Z.Y., Tan J.J.C., Ng C.J., Yap P.	Creative Music Therapy in an Acute Care Setting for Older Patients with Delirium and Dementia	Music therapy is a goal-directed process in which the therapist helps the patient to improve, maintain, or restore a state of well-being. .
Cheong C.Y., Tan J.A.Q., Foong Y.-L., Koh H.M., Chen D.Z.Y., Tan J.J.C., Ng C.J., Yap P.	Creative Music Therapy in an Acute Care Setting for Older Patients with Delirium and Dementia	CMT may exert its benefits in engagement and mood due to the effects of music on attention 34 , general well-being, and quality of life. .
Kemper K.J., Hamilton C.A., McLean T.W., Lovato J.	Impact of music on pediatric oncology outpatients	Oncology patients often use music as a nonphar-macologic therapy to reduce stress, improve mood, and decrease pain (4-6). .
Bridger A.J., Emmanouil S., Lawthom R.	Trace.space: a psychogeographical community project with members of an arts and health organisation	Both organizations specialize in arts, music and other creative ways in which to enable individuals and groups to improve their mental health and wellbeing. .
Blackburn C.	‘The people in the purple shirts’: Froebelian insights to a Singing Medicine project in a children’s hospital	Just by having some music can change their whole environment, and be calming. .
Stanczyk M.M.	Music therapy in supportive cancer care	Music therapy is an effective form of supporting cancer care for patients during the treatment process. .
Stanczyk M.M.	Music therapy in supportive cancer care	Music therapy not only helps patients cope with their negative emotions. .
Stanczyk M.M.	Music therapy in supportive cancer care	Listening to recorded music while receiving those forms of treatment can help take patients minds away from the discomfort caused by the treatment and help them cope with high levels of stress, fear and loneliness. .
Stanczyk M.M.	Music therapy in supportive cancer care	Participation in a group music therapy brings people out of isolation, creates powerful social and emotional bonds and generates an overall good feeling. .
Stanczyk M.M.	Music therapy in supportive cancer care	Movement (spontaneous or rhythmical) with music is a therapeutic tool that creates positive thinking and feeling of wellness. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Clift S.	A systematic review of mental health and wellbeing outcomes of group singing for adults with a mental health condition	Existing systematic reviews have found that community music and singing activities can promote mental health in people who are not diagnosed with a mental health condition. .
Modugno N., Iaconelli S., Fiorilli M., Lena F., Kusch I., Mirabella G.	Active theater as a complementary therapy for Parkinsons disease rehabilitation: A pilot study	Occupational therapies, art therapies (such as music 11 and dance 10 ), and group psychotherapy 9 have also been shown to produce positive effects on QoL, anxiety, and depression. .
Lennartsson A.-K., Horwitz E.B., Theorell T., Ullén F.	Creative Artistic Achievement Is Related to Lower Levels of Alexithymia	It is likely that practicing activities such as music, dance, theatre, visual arts, and writing may amplify emotional experiences and facilitate translations of emotions, and thereby reduce alexithymia. .
Lennartsson A.-K., Horwitz E.B., Theorell T., Ullén F.	Creative Artistic Achievement Is Related to Lower Levels of Alexithymia	Practicing activities such as music, dance, theatre, writing, and visual arts may amplify emotional experiences and facilitate translations of emotions, and thus thereby reduce alexithymia. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	Music has an influence on the human body that is beneficial to becoming more empathetic, communicable, and satisfied with life. .
Florian Carl ,Rosemond Kutsidzo	Music a nd Wellbeing in Everyday Life: An Exploratory Study of Music Experience in Ghana	Major motives that explained why people reportedly chose to listen to music included spiritual inspiration, relaxation, concentration as well as the need to increase energy levels, turn around negative moods, take away boredom and cancel out ambient noise. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	the artistic act is a means of agency in the world, a way to speak and to be heard. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	For the artists, if you want to give audiences an active role, first of all you must build up a trusting space, a space where people can feel free to express themselves. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	So there is the possibility either to write directly or to be mediated: this responds to the aim to give a special voice to people, who feel free to express their feelings and opinions related to the specific field of the performing arts. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The artistic director was conscious that the festival had to find a way to give voice to the local community, empowering it with the right tools to read and understand the new languages of creation, expression and meanings related to the performing arts. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	The Participatory Turn in Cultural Policy: Paradigms, Models, Contexts.	The possibility of transforming a creative yearning into a tangible reality gives individuals and communities independence while expanding the range of cultural expressions. .
Walmsley, B.,	Deep hanging out in the arts: an anthropological approach to capturing cultural value	What we dont fully know is how people use the arts as a vehicle to engage with each other and with the world, and to discover their role and identity within it. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	Sociocultural performing arts practices that enable active participation, such as music and dance, provide people with positive and creative ways of engaging with their communities and challenging personal physical, cognitive, and emotional systems. .
Caló F., Steiner A., Millar S., Teasdale S.	The impact of a community-based music intervention on the health and well-being of young people: A realist evaluation	Through participatory music making, the organisation aims to engage disadvantaged young people in creative activities helping them to express their emotion. .
Waddington-Jones C., King A., Burnard P.	Exploring wellbeing and creativity through collaborative composition as part of hull 2017 city of culture	It seems likely that this may be due to the higher levels of engagement, the opportunities for selfexpression, and the subsequent sense of accomplishment and clarity of identity inherent in active music-making. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Being able to sing in ones first language afforded individuals the opportunity to express not only aspects of their culture but also an articulation of their thoughts and feelings. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	More than that, participation in the arts offers the opportunities for the personal to become political, the individual become the communal offering multifaceted calls to action. .
Descubes I., McNamara T.	Theatre-based learning to foster corporate legacy change	This diversity was encouraged, for it was deemed as being useful in acting as a catalyst towards creating inter-personal dialogue, which in conjunction with theatre techniques, would allow for both the expressing and challenging of individual views, attitudes and effective behaviour. .
Goddard J.	Valuing the place of young people with learning disabilities in the arts	Once psycho-emotional oppression2 and notions of identity have been explored, allowing space for individual voices to be heard, the actor has greater autonomy to be creative and develop as an artist. .
Maritz G.U., Coetzee M.-H.	Creative synergy: Using community theatre and appreciative inquiry for young peoples critical participation in HIV prevention and education	Again, Community Theatre holds potential for bringing these images to life creatively through its active involvement of young people in portraying their strengths and realities through theatre-based techniques. .
Butler U.M., Princeswal M.	Cultures of participation: Young peoples engagement in the public sphere in Brazil	Many of these initiatives work with young people, through cultural forms, such as music, dance, cinema, theatre, photography, as means of engaging them in a process of critical reflection, around citizenship and other topics, and as a means for personal and community development. .
Vettraino E., Linds W., Jindal-Snape D.	Embodied voices: using applied theatre for co-creation with marginalised youth	The arts, including creative drama, enable a dialogic dance to occur between mind and body; a socially constructed process that creates moments of insight that are both cognitively and physically experienced. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	Therefore, density of ones discussion networks is also likely to increase the possibility of arranging shared cultural activities and participation with the members in the network. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	But this small team of people allows a theatre or a festival to enlarge its connection with different audience communities, approaches and tastes. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The gist and mind-set was that since there are spectators who want to be involved in some way with artists or members of our organisation, we try to set up pleasant and enjoyable conditions such as a theatre club/bar in which spectators can meet with them. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	To further enhance their horizons, members participated in the meetings, workshops and conferences held during the 22nd, 23rd and 24th edition of the Sibiu International Theatre Festivals, creating new contacts, and discovering new artists and companies. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	We engaged and collaborated with community members through conversation as well as the sharing of song, dance, play and story. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	When the participants are not yet audiences, and especially when the residencies are the occasion of a partnership with local structures or communities which were not represented among the audience, the residencies can make it possible to reach new audiences, by informing people about the existence of the place, creating expectations to see shows, establishing new subjective links with artists or artistic forms. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Reachable audiences are also made up of individuals who are passionate about cultural products, who want to enter into dialogue with them, who want to own, remix, use them to create new social links and to negotiate their identity. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The project also aims to characterise itself as a cultural platform and a place for relationships to grow as active young spectators. .
McDonnell, B., ; Shellard, D.,	Social impact study of UK theatre	It is this flexibility which allows us to use theatre to help address social problems, promote cross-cultural understanding or celebrate community life. .
Kirschner, S., ; Tomasello, M.,	Joint music making promotes pro-social behavior in 4-year-old children	This theory treats music and dance as effective tools for creating a positive collective experience among many people at the same time, thereby generating an intuitive feeling of community and bonding among the performers. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Also, practical approaches to working with a community (town or small venue) coincided in ascribing importance to knowing the audience, working with them and building communication and relations, considered as key aspects to successfully engaging new people in cultural consumption and practice. .
Walmsley, B.,	Co-creating theatre: authentic engagement or inter-legitimation?	Successful co-creation involves trust, respect, collaboration, playfulness and exchange; it takes participants on an adventurous journey and deepens their engagement with theatre. .
Bird J.M., Karageorghis C.I.	A Grounded Theory of Music-Video Use in an Exercise Facility	Social interaction The effects of the music-video channel had the potential to prompt social interaction between individual exercisers and facility staff. .
Ritchie A., Gaulter A.	Dancing towards belonging: the use of a dance intervention to influence migrant pupils’ sense of belonging in school	The shared experiences created through the dance intervention provided a space to make connections and may have helped to sustain and strengthen the friendships beyond the sessions. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	In addition, new topics of conversation were initiated during the activities, sometimes about the arts themselves while other times the arts facilitator would encourage everyone to share ideas, memories and stories from their lives: I saw how it affected peoples relationships when they were talking about the music or the way theyd been encouraged to be involved in the discussions about lyrics and songs or what the actual programmes would involve. .
Waddington-Jones C., King A., Burnard P.	Exploring wellbeing and creativity through collaborative composition as part of hull 2017 city of culture	Another facet of collaborative composition, which differs from other forms of group musical engagement, is the potential for facilitating interaction and strengthening relationships between group members. .
Guachalla A.	Social inclusion and audience development at the Royal Opera House: a tourist perspective	The audience development tools that the Royal Opera House uses to engage new audiences resulting in social inclusion were emerging themes as some tourists noted the influence that these initiatives exert in their awareness of the theatre and experience of the area. .
Bernard M., Rickett M., Pruchno R.	The cultural value of older peoples experiences of theater-making: A review	Group Relationships A significant proportion of the included literature focuses on the role of theater and drama in enhancing or transforming group relationships, and improved engagement with others seems to be a particularly notable dimension of cultural value. .
Langdridge D., Gabb J., Lawson J.	Art as a pathway to impact: Understanding the affective experience of public engagement with film	The combination of film and music appeared significant in facilitating this affectively engaging experience and, for those people who watched the films at the event their engagement was heightened by the presence of other people. .
Sextou P., Smith C.	Drama is for Life! Recreational Drama Activities for the Elderly in the UK	The facilitator noted that socialization was something that could be gained by attending a recreational drama group: Socialization which is the obvious one, you know, people come here each week and they meet their friends and so thats a really important thing. .
Sextou P., Smith C.	Drama is for Life! Recreational Drama Activities for the Elderly in the UK	In conclusion, joining the recreational drama group has supported the members in breaking their isolation, meeting new people of the same age group, sharing, making friends and has built the foundations for what seems to be an ongoing social circle. .
Cowie P.	Performing planning: Understanding community participation in planning through theatre	This project investigated whether using a theatrical performance was a way of facilitating communities in such discussions. .
Brown K., Eernstman N., Huke A.R., Reding N.	The drama of resilience: Learning, doing, and sharing for sustainability	These performances are often devised in close collaboration with the communities that they target, employing a range of theatre-based research methods that elicit local knowledge and reveal peoples stories or experience of a certain issue. .
Byrne E., Elliott E., Williams G.	Performing the micro-social: using theatre to debate research findings on everyday life, health and well-being	That is, bringing together community members, theatre artists and researchers to perform and engage with representatives from public bodies on issues of mutual concern and interest to policy and publics. .
Breed A.	Environmental aesthetics, social engagement and aesthetic experiences in Central Asia	Due to the focus on the project to create dialogue in order to resolve problems, a part of the aesthetic is focused on coordinating performances, so that parties important to the decision-making process are present. .
Vettraino E., Linds W., Jindal-Snape D.	Embodied voices: using applied theatre for co-creation with marginalised youth	Through interviews with youth participants and adult facilitators in our workshops we have heard that the activities involved in applied theatre workshops were not just fun - they had a greater significance, in that they build trust, enabling the development of voice, and the sharing of power. .
Modugno N., Iaconelli S., Fiorilli M., Lena F., Kusch I., Mirabella G.	Active theater as a complementary therapy for Parkinsons disease rehabilitation: A pilot study	Furthermore, theater requires a high degree of personal interaction and thus promotes socialization, lessening the feeling of isolation frequently reported by PD patients. .
Kabel A., Teti M., Zhang N.	The art of resilience: photo-stories of inspiration and strength among people with HIV/AIDS	Group Relationships A significant proportion of the included literature focuses on the role of theater and drama in enhancing or transforming group relationships, and improved engagement with others seems to be a particularly notable dimension of cultural value. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	They also found that it brought people together, created connections with people who may not be like themselves, and also facilitated a connection between the person and the music. .
Garrido, Gemma et al 2016	Music & Wellbeing	Music seems to be capable of engaging in social behaviour, involves communication, increase interindividual trust , improve social cohesion of the group. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	But, finally, I really like it, it helps me to express myself Through various tips and tasks, hints and exercises, we learned to get out of our comfort zone, to be self-dependent and to take our responsibility as performers For me, it was a demonstration that everybody can be an actor, a dancer, or a performer I discover the new potential of this performing art. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Some conventional community theatre and dance projects work on a performance to form or strengthen a community. .
Koch S.C., Mergheim K., Raeke J., Machado C.B., Riegner E., Nolden J., Diermayr G., von Moreau D., Hillecke T.K.	The embodied self in Parkinsons Disease: Feasibility of a single tango intervention for assessing changes in psychological health outcomes and aesthetic experience	This experience may pass from mere playful expression and enjoyable experimenting (e.g., with music and dance), via a self-efficacy experience, for example, when moving or playing an instrument, to symbolic expression (e.g., how would your joy sound?), or the creation or formation of something beautiful/authentic in any arts modality. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	Dance, drama and visual art programmes were specifically mentioned as encouraging personal development. .
Saarikallio S.H., Randall W.M., Baltazar M.	Music Listening for Supporting Adolescents’ Sense of Agency in Daily Life	In this line of thought, the use of music to increase the sense of agency and beliefs of efficacy can be seen as one way of musical self-enhancement. .
Habron J., Butterly F., Gordon I., Roebuck A.	Being well, being musical: Music composition as a resource and occupation for older people	Findings: The findings demonstrate that individual and group music composition contributed to a sense of wellbeing through control over musical materials, opportunities for creativity and identity making, validation of life experience and social engagement with other participants and professional musicians. .
Habron J., Butterly F., Gordon I., Roebuck A.	Being well, being musical: Music composition as a resource and occupation for older people	Findings: The findings demonstrate that individual and group music composition contributed to a sense of wellbeing through control over musical materials, opportunities for creativity and identity making, validation of life experience and social engagement with other participants and professional musicians. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Participants also mention much learning from residencies: new tools of individual or collective expression (dance, theatre, poetry, improvisation games, performances, etc.), the discovery of new aesthetics, the familiarity with an artistic vocabulary, etc. .
Ritchie A., Gaulter A.	Dancing towards belonging: the use of a dance intervention to influence migrant pupils’ sense of belonging in school	The sessions were taught with a scaffolded approach, meaning that each weeks learning was extended until the pupils were comfortable creating their own dance movement. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	However, a much larger body of research is developing that is focused on using arts practices, such as music and dance, in the treatment of ill-health. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	In this continuing developmental process, each of the music theatre productions can include workshops, training sessions, mentorship networks, conferences and, of course, rehearsals in music, dance, visual arts and theatre. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	In addition, a community arts approach to increasing professionalisation in the musical arts, on a recurring basis, was highly inclusive of people in marginal life situations and remained so while progressively building skills of participants. .
Shaughnessy R.	Introduction	As both the scholarly discipline and theatre practice continue to develop and promote a more diverse and inclusive approach to their own activities, this work can only grow in importance..
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	And it really happens when actors/dancers have the personal attributes that make them effective including empathy, patience, persistence, vision, enthusiasm, responsiveness and flexibility. .
McDonnell, B., ; Shellard, D.,	Social impact study of UK theatre	Personal impacts enjoyment from a shared experience of high quality theatre stimulation of the imagination through exposure to the magic of theatre and its possibilities awareness of cultural differences, and enhanced empathy for ways of life other than our own increased understanding of the social source of individual problems heightened awareness of Welsh language and culture knowledge about local and national history learning through practical exploration of themes in workshops, and the application of knowledge in action skills: basic theatre, arts, music, language and so on, gained in workshops enhanced self-confidence through participation in workshops validation of self through seeing ones views and ideas used and extended in collaboration with others greater enjoyment of, and commitment to, literature, history Group impacts fun and collective value of involvement in a joyful, shared experience enhanced awareness of, and commitment to, theatre enhanced interpersonal communication enhanced group learning based on the theatre, and resourced through a range of educational and art processes shared language and body of experiences to help develop personal and social skills shared appreciation of, and skills in, theatre through group creation, devising, improvising enhanced ability to work together towards shared objectives raised confidence in the group as a creative and educational resource in and for itself enhanced awareness of the collective nature of creativity/learning enhanced generic life skills such as debating, creating, analysing, researching around themes respect for each others abilities Civic impacts collective celebration in public spaces, schools, museums and theatres of Welsh language, culture and history public celebration of, and respect for, different cultures and histories public validation of marginal experiences/histories civic celebration of the importance of learning the bringing together of generations, ethnic communities, disabled and nondisabled people, and so on civic celebration, and endorsement, of the imagination, of art, of theatre Hard impacts increased school attendance contribution to better educational performance through gains in interest, selfconfidence contribution to a schools overall achievement increased employment through employment of directors, artists, writers, performers, stage managers, management and so on economic contribution to community through public performance and spending strong partnerships between the theatre and local schools The process-performance spectrum The research shows that the social impacts of theatre are spread across a process-performance continuum. .
Montalto, V., ; Campagna, D., ; Caperna, G.,	Does Culture Make a Better Citizen? Exploring the Relationship Between Cultural and Civic Participation in Italy	Creative participation instead indicates the active engagement of people in making, creating, organizing, initiating, producing and facilitating cultural and creative activities. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	However, thanks to the multiple effects they can produce, participatory residencies represent an opportunity to transform the relations between audiences, organisations and artists, as to change the way these actors see their respective roles. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	By the term experimental we refer to those creative processes, that do not follow a fixed script, are ready for changes, and, what is most important, are able to involve new people during the process of creation. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Human network(ing) participants themselves becoming more active in the live performing art (as audience coming more often to the theatres to see various works or even becoming performers) opening new possibilities in life for participants we worked with (one of the persons who worked with us says that Different? really made a difference in her life allowing her to look for new horizons and ways of living) the dance and art scene in Czech Republic discovering the benefits of coaching, facilitation of processes, communication and feedback skills. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Some artists believe that it is a way to get closer to authenticity, social accuracy, innovative forms, challenging stage directions, or producing shows involving a new type of relationship with their social environment and their audiences. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Some of these learnings contribute to the goals generally assigned to cultural democracy (objectives like access to culture, culture being considered here as a very small part represented by artistic institutions): some people got a new passion for contemporary dance, some others questioned their past prejudices about theatre, some would like to practice an artistic activity or discover a new venue and its programming. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Dan Canham The added value of the project was the opportunity for young artists to test themselves in different places and in different environment, establishing connections and relationship in new European countries with various expectations and understandings of what a dance performance can be; different level of commitment and engagement to performing arts creation processes. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	They can concern theatre and dance experiences, memories, ideas and practices about the way people produce and participate in culture. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	This paper aims to look at some of the events that are contributing to the development of the notion of participation and active spectatorship in the performing arts sector. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	However, thanks to the multiple effects they can produce, participatory residencies represent an opportunity to transform the relations between audiences, venues and artists, as to change the way these actors see their respective roles. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	In many cases, it is about empowering people who have already some cultural interests and accept to include among them, for the first time, also the performing arts. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.	Measuring the intrinsic impacts of arts attendance	Aesthetic growth: characterizes the extent to which an individual was exposed to a new type or style of art, or otherwise stretched aesthetically by the performance; for example: Did this performance expose you to a style or type of dance with which you were previously unfamiliar? .
Harland, J., ; Kinder , K., ; Hartley, K.,	Arts in their view. A study of youth participation in the arts.	It was noticeable how some art forms (e.g. music, dance) offered development opportunities - or routes - for specialising or improving much more clearly than other forms. .
Australian Expert Group in Industry Studies , AEGIS,	Social impacts of Participation in the Arts and Cultural Activities	If arts and cultural activities are to be used as a vehicle for achieving other social goals, it is important to know who participates in different kinds of activities, when during their lifetimes and with which motivations. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	It is tasked with creating a lively atmosphere through public realm improvements and cultural activities such as festivals and performance spaces that link the theatre, arts centre and symphony hall as well as housing the design studios and media start-ups that help energise the district. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	Looking across the case studies, a number of design questions arise for those who plan to conceptualize and implement an active arts program: What form(s) of artistic expression do you propose to engage (e.g., dance, music, sculpture, spoken word)? .
Bianchini, F., ; Tommarchi, E., ; Hansen, L., E.	Problematising the question of participation in Capitals of Culture	In this context, participation becomes a means to pursue new forms of social and cultural impacts. .
Rahbarianyazd, R., ; Doratli, N.,	Assessing the contribution of cultural agglomeration in urban regeneration through developing cultural strategies.	In a city, the creative classes work as cultural agents who progressively create the human, cultural and aesthetic development of the quarter in which they live, in so far as creating a diverse and pluralistic district. .
Foley B.C., Vassallo A.J., Reece L.J.	Lights out, lets dance! An investigation into participation in No Lights, No Lycra and its association with health and wellbeing	Further investigation into motivations for participation in organized and modified forms of leisure-time dance, and how these motivators can be leveraged to increase and sustain participation is warranted. .
Cristina M., Loreta C., Daniel P., George M., Cristian D., Radu P.	The role of technical museums in the regeneration of industrial functionally, restructured regions (Romania)	The implementation of the process of cultural regeneration at the level of industrial towns allows a progress in their course from the category of unaes-thetic urban centers to localities that can offer a series of cultural landmarks, other than those we are used to. .
Boyce M., Bungay H., Munn-Giddings C., Wilson C.	The impact of the arts in healthcare on patients and service users: A critical review	A broad and diverse range of arts activities informed our interpretation of the arts, and ranged from visual and performing arts, to music, dance, theatre and literature. .
van der Steen J.T., van Soest-Poortvliet M.C., van der Wouden J.C., Bruinsma M.S., Scholten R.J.P.M., Vink A.C.	Music-based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia	The participants may be encouraged to participate in musical improvisation with instruments or voice, with dance, movement activities or singing. .
Abdulla S.	The art of inclusion: Contradictions affecting theatre for development interventions in Malawi	The choice of activities (drawings, theatre, images, game, songs, dances, exercises, writing, conversations, etc.) that are used when engaging with participants in arts-based initiatives makes a big difference to the quality of contribution, validity, and impact of the engagement. .
Therese Berg I.	Participation to the people! Locating the popular in Rimini Protokolls Home Visit Europe	Placing the performance into different demographic contexts serves artistic intentions, potentially creating more diverse dynamics between players and exploring different social situations. .
Descubes I., McNamara T.	Theatre-based learning to foster corporate legacy change	The logic behind using the above two methods was to provide the non-homogeneous groups with experiential and transformative theatrical arts-based processes/techniques. .
Frishkopf, M.; Hamze, H.; Alhassan, M.; Zukpeni, I., A.; Abu, S.; Zakus, D.	Performing arts as a social technology for community health promotion in northern Ghana.	Such groups can achieve several congruent goals: they gather multiple generations and revive traditional performance types, thus strengthening the social fabric; they serve as effective community mobilization devices; and they have the potential to incorporate health-oriented dance dramas, and their component songs and dances, into the local oral tradition, to be passed down through the generations. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	the play touched many peoples sense of cultural identity, but it was also important in showing how theatre makers could participate much more fully in their local community. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Our participation work has a particular emphasis on children and young people, (preschool, within school and out of hours), so that theatre becomes a natural part of their culture and enriches their lives, but we also ensure that some points of engagement continue to be available as they grow and move through life. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	For Kilowatt, audience development activity concerns the way a performing art organization conceives and operates to actively engaging people; the ultimate goal of the organisation is to improve understanding, fulfilment and growth of all the actors involved in the artistic experience. .
McDonnell, B., ; Shellard, D.,	Social impact study of UK theatre	Successful partnerships act as a form of interagency advocacy for theatre, and can help extend its role in social and community development. .
Holden, J.,	Democratic Culture: Opening up the arts to everyone.	This would include: commitments to cultural learning and cultural activity in the education system commitments to the arts and culture within public service broadcasting local authority arts provision becoming a statutory obligation, with guaranteed access to, and animation of, cultural infrastructure, events and participation The goals would be for everyone to have physical, intellectual and social access to cultural life, and to have the ability and confidence to take part in and fashion the culture of today. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	Future research should attempt to build engagement with current minorities to understand how music and dance participation enhances the wellbeing and health of entire populations. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	It is recommended that further research is needed to investigate how minority and Indigenous groups wellbeing and health might benefit through active participation in culturally appropriate music and dance activities. .
Lukach A.J., Jedrziewski M.K., Grove G.A., Mechanic-Hamilton D.J., Williams S.S., Wollam M.E., Erickson K.I.	Rhythm experience and Africana culture trial (REACT!): A culturally salient intervention to promote neurocognitive health, mood, and well-being in older African Americans	Culture Education classes are designed to be as useful, interactive, and entertaining as the African Dance classes to increase the likelihood of adherence as well as promotion of well-being. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Given that in order to experience benefits from music making, people must be involved in a musical activity, it is important to consider how facilitators stimulate engagement opportunities (e.g., music educators, community music leaders) and then promote long-term investment in individuals. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Music for Life is a practice that involves the engagement and learning of musicians, care staff, and residents as a group through the arts. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	How can employment in the arts promote health equity, and what do community arts (centrally involving musical expressions) contribute? .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	We are looking at how music can help cultivate local talents and empower people to become more involved in their community. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	With this, and the subsequent contributions of others, we can more fully participate in and promote the experience of music and health for all. .
Gillam T.	Enhancing public mental health and wellbeing through creative arts participation	Community music organisations act as initiating and developing agencies for innovative participatory music and work towards improving access to music-making. .
Vettraino E., Linds W., Jindal-Snape D.	Embodied voices: using applied theatre for co-creation with marginalised youth	While covering a broad range of visual, aural, oral and performative activities, the authors have focused on the benefits of working with applied theatre methodology to engage marginalised young people in embodied processing of their experiences and stories. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Coming together with other people committed to the same arts organization, supporting the same project or arts festival, starting up a new groupthese all provide an ideal set of activities for building a sense of community and generating social capital. .
Delanaey, L., ; Keaney, E.,	Cultural Participation, Social Capital and Civil Renewal in the United Kingdom: Statistical Evidence from National and International Survey Data.	They are also more likely to be more satisfied with life, although this applies only to those who actively participate in cultural organisations as opposed to those who are just members. .
Jeannotte, M., S.	Singing alone? The contribution of cultural capital to social cohesion and sustainable communities	As individuals invest in their own cultural and human capital and participate in various types of cultural events and activities, they also appear to increase the social capital within their communities. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Whether its a matter of social representation or a way to create better inclusion of marginalised groups into society, many politicians value culture as a key factor to provide change. .
Ploner J., Jones L.	Learning to belong? ‘Culture’ and ‘place making’ among children and young people in Hull, UK City of Culture 2017	(girl, AS) I think culture is what represents your country and your city, the place you live in and it is about fun and bringing people together. .
Waddington-Jones C., King A., Burnard P.	Exploring wellbeing and creativity through collaborative composition as part of hull 2017 city of culture	It is possible that these shared experiences of musicking and co-creation of musical material also contribute positively toward strengthening social relationships and an emerging sense of group identity. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Music offers ownership and engagement, and this project illustrated the huge benefits that can accrue to the individuals and groups involved in a music/dance project. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Increased self-esteem, the development of new skills, and increased connectedness both within the school and between the participants and the wider community were very apparent and the sense of empowerment, particularly at the dance-off signature event, was palpable. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Participants valued the opportunity to sing with others, and liked the organisation of the clubs. .
Williamson V.J., Bonshor M.	Wellbeing in brass bands: The benefits and challenges of group music making	A wider social effectplaying concerts in our community feeling strong links with the community. .
Campion, M.; Levita, L.	Enhancing positive affect and divergent thinking abilities: Play some music and dance.	Notably, while both dancing and listening to music increased emotional well-being, they had dissociable effects on different aspects of divergent thinking, with greater change in positive affect being associated with greater enhancement in measures of verbal and non-verbal creativity, respectively. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	Dance participation can also contribute to positive body image and self-acceptance. .
Koch S.C., Mergheim K., Raeke J., Machado C.B., Riegner E., Nolden J., Diermayr G., von Moreau D., Hillecke T.K.	The embodied self in Parkinsons Disease: Feasibility of a single tango intervention for assessing changes in psychological health outcomes and aesthetic experience	This model can help us understand how dance therapy works from an arts therapies perspective. .
Stewart J., Garrido S., Hense C., McFerran K.	Music use for mood regulation: Self-awareness and conscious listening choices in young people with tendencies to depression	Thus, it appears that there is a need to develop nuanced strategies for increasing awareness of the effect that music listening can have on young peoples mood and wellbeing. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Consideration of these psycho-social-cultural determinants gives us the opportunity to research and establish the links between music, health, and well-being. .
Williamson V.J., Bonshor M.	Wellbeing in brass bands: The benefits and challenges of group music making	Testing in this systematic way would enhance understanding of the general wellbeing impacts of group music making that might be accounted for by universal brain and body processes vs. wellbeing impacts that may be unique to different ensemble types due to their particular performance styles, practice demands and traditions. .
Habron J., Butterly F., Gordon I., Roebuck A.	Being well, being musical: Music composition as a resource and occupation for older people	Music, emotion and identity The findings from this project suggest that the process of composing music (involving imagining, listening, critiquing, discussing and helping to rehearse and refine) evoked powerful emotions in the participants, for whom reflecting on life and re-establishing knowledge of identities helped to frame both their current and their idea of possible future identities. .
Węziak-Białowolska D.	Attendance of cultural events and involvement with the arts—impact evaluation on health and well-being from a Swiss household panel survey	DID models were estimated and the treatment and control groups assessed with respect to change in measures of health, mood and life satisfaction, in order to demonstrate that the impact of active engagement with the arts and passive cultural attendance on health and well-being. .
Dunphy, K.; Baker, F. A.; Dumaresq, E.; Carroll-Haskins, K.; Eickholt, J.; Ercole, M.; Kaimal, G.; Meyer, K.; Sajnani, N.; Shamir, O.Y.; Wosch, T.	Creative Arts Interventions to Address Depression in Older Adults: A Systematic Review of Outcomes, Processes, and Mechanisms	Mechanisms of change gleaned from the studies that were common across modalities include physical (e.g., increased muscle strength; neurochemical effects, such as endorphin release), intra-personal (e.g., enhanced self-concept, strengthened agency and mastery; processing and communication of emotions), cultural (e.g., creative expression, aesthetic pleasure), cognitive (e.g., stimulation of memory), and social (e.g., increased social skills and connection), that were all considered to contribute to reduced depression and symptoms. .
Dunphy, K.; Baker, F. A.; Dumaresq, E.; Carroll-Haskins, K.; Eickholt, J.; Ercole, M.; Kaimal, G.; Meyer, K.; Sajnani, N.; Shamir, O.Y.; Wosch, T.	Creative Arts Interventions to Address Depression in Older Adults: A Systematic Review of Outcomes, Processes, and Mechanisms	Mechanisms of change gleaned from the studies include physical (improvements in balance, muscle strength; neurochemical effects, such as endorphin release), intra-personal (positive views of self; strengthened agency and mastery; communication and processing of emotions; coping strategies), cultural (creative expression, aesthetic pleasure), cognitive (stimulation of memory), and social (increased social skills and connection) elements that were all considered to be causal in reduced depression and symptoms. .
Daykin, N.; Mansfield, L.; Meads, C.	What Works for Wellbeing? A systematic review of wellbeing outcomes for music and singing in adults.	Many wellbeing measures were used, including anxiety, depression, mood and quality of life. .
Kasahara-Kiritani, M.; Hadlaczky, G.; Westerlund, M.; Carli, V.; Wasserman, C.; Apter, A.; Balazs, J.; Bobes, J.; Brunner, R.; McMahon, E.M.; Cosman, D.; Farkas, L.; Haring, C.; Kaess, M.; Kahn, J.P.; Keeley, H.; Nemes, B.; Bitenc, U.M.; Postuvan, V.; Saiz, P.; Sisask, M.; Värnik, A.; Sarchiapone, M.; Hoven, C.W.; Wasserman, D.	Reading books and watching films as a protective factor against suicidal ideation	These media may act as sources of social support or mental health literacy and thus reduce the suicide risk constituted by low sense of belonging..
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	The effects are reported as subjective feelings of increased selfconfidence and wellbeing, being part of a community, building new social relationships, participating in meaningful activities, creating a connection between body and mind, promoting relaxation, fostering a sense of hope and developing new coping mechanisms and experiencing increased sense of selfworth, motivation and aspiration and decreased levels of depression.4,12,19,20 Examples of studies include research from AOP programmes. .
McCann T.V., Cotton S.M., Lubman D.I.	Social problem solving in carers of young people with a first episode of psychosis: a randomized controlled trial	A systematic review and meta-analysis of interventions to improve carers experience of caring for people with severe mental illness concluded that carer-focused interventions appear to enhance their quality of life and experience of caring while also reducing psychological distress, and should be offered as an integral component of service delivery for individuals with severe mental illness.6 .
Thomson L.J., Morse N., Elsden E., Chatterjee H.J.	Art, nature and mental health: assessing the biopsychosocial effects of a ‘creative green prescription’ museum programme involving horticulture, artmaking and collections	Participants felt that the intervention gave them routine and structure with an opportunity to engage positively with others, which in turn decreased the sense of social isolation and was felt to support wellbeing and the potential of recovery. .
Thomson L.J., Morse N., Elsden E., Chatterjee H.J.	Art, nature and mental health: assessing the biopsychosocial effects of a ‘creative green prescription’ museum programme involving horticulture, artmaking and collections	Another aspect of note from this study is the sharing of past and current experiences of mental health that appeared to enhance social ties. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	The empowerment of mental health service users can include a higher degree of individual empowerment, a stronger sense of belonging to the community, development of, and participation in, the activities. .
Curtis A., Gibson L., O’Brien M., Roe B.	Systematic review of the impact of arts for health activities on health, wellbeing and quality of life of older people living in care homes	Specific aims included the effects on depression, anxiety and general wellbeing measures. .
Fancourt D., Williamon A., Carvalho L.A., Steptoe A., Dow R., Lewis I.	Singing modulates mood, stress, cortisol, cytokine and neuropeptide activity in cancer patients and carers	Psychosocial interventions for all three populations have been found to reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety, increase social support networks, improve quality of life and raise perceptions of care 2 . .
Gulliver A., Pike G., Banfield M., Morse A.R., Katruss N., Pescud M., McMaster M., Valerius H., West S.	Evaluation of the Music Engagement Program for people with Alzheimers disease and dementia: Study protocol for a pilot trial	Consequently, there is a need for interventions that have the potential to improve other outcomes including quality of life, social outcomes, as well as decrease symptoms of mental health problems. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Jetten J., Rowan C.	Identification with arts-based groups improves mental wellbeing in adults with chronic mental health conditions	Multilevel modelling analyses demonstrated that participants mental wellbeing significantly improved over time. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Jetten J., Rowan C.	Identification with arts-based groups improves mental wellbeing in adults with chronic mental health conditions	Despite these limitations, the timing of change in mental wellbeing experienced by participants indicates that the improvements were likely due to their engagement in the programme. .
Stanczyk M.M.	Music therapy in supportive cancer care	It can be also included for planning programs of treatment and rehabilitation to promote wellness, improve physical and emotional well-being and the quality of life..
Lee K.L., Mustaffa M.S., Tan S.Y.	Visual arts in counselling adults with depressive disorders	For this session, it has introduced some methods and suggestions for me to stabilise my mood swings, and my ways of coping with stress, and the ups and downs in life. .
Windle G., Gregory S., Newman A., Goulding A., OBrien D., Parkinson C.	Understanding the impact of visual arts interventions for people living with dementia: A realist review protocol	The potential for such programmes to improve a broad range of outcomes such as well-being, quality of life, cognitive function and creative thinking; increases in communication (including nonverbal), facilitating reminiscence and meaningful conversation; regaining a sense of self; increasing self esteem; and improving the quality of life of carers is suggested in some studies. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	One way to reduce anxiety, such as performance anxiety, is through cognitive restructuring, and more broadly cognitive behavioral therapy. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	As seen, these encounters are occasions for participants to discover and explore shared interests. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Technology provides an opportunity to turn up the dial on audience engagement, enabling cultural organisations to engage more people and reach out to new audiences. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Technology can also allow for a more meaningful or deeper relationship with audiences, including more interactivity, with users able and interested in curing their own experiences and generating their own content, or better sharing, mixing, giving life to different ideas, personalised and seen as the expression of the audiences way of thinking. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The potential of digital communication and social tools widens the pervasiveness of possible contacts, but the involvement of the public requires a holistic cultural long-term strate-gy/approach. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Furthermore, the growth of social media fostered new internet-based forms of participation and expressiveness: the internet offers the possibility to create communities, organize participatory decision-making processes, communicate quickly, share work and collaborate effectively on common projects. .
Moody, E., ; Phinney, A.,	A community-engaged art program for older people: fostering social inclusion.	In particular, we discuss how the program provided opportunities to enrich connections with others in their local community, as well as within the group itself. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	Those engaged in intergenerational projects mention that they have extended their social networks by getting to know local young people. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Jetten J., Rowan C.	Identification with arts-based groups improves mental wellbeing in adults with chronic mental health conditions	In fact, social connectedness may be facilitated through different mechanisms in the different activities. .
van der Steen J.T., van Soest-Poortvliet M.C., van der Wouden J.C., Bruinsma M.S., Scholten R.J.P.M., Vink A.C.	Music-based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia	A control group with other activities controls for increased social contact and stimulation. .
Criss S., Kleinmann M.	Dotte agency: A participatory design model for community health	Once shared with other members of the community, this process allows for a critical dialogue to emerge, which makes the act of storytelling a powerful participatory tool for community stakeholders. .
Sextou P., Smith C.	Drama is for Life! Recreational Drama Activities for the Elderly in the UK	Various events that members organize could be fulfilling a want or need for socialization and interaction with others. .
Frieze J.	Reframing immersive theatre: The politics and pragmatics of participatory performance	Audiencing on social media, then, is entwined with creating networks among members. .
Scott S.D., Brett-MacLean P., Archibald M., Hartling L.	Protocol for a systematic review of the use of narrative storytelling and visual-arts-based approaches as knowledge translation tools in healthcare.	In addition to having an engaged Knowledge User Advisory Panel to facilitate strategic networking and dissemination of findings from the study, members of our research team are members of important and strategic networks, which will provide useful platforms for engaging with multiple audiences. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Technologies By technological change we mean the possibility of access to a considerable number of new tools that make participation easier, more direct, and more individual. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Be SpectACTive! digital experimentation can be seen as an ideal and challenging arena to test how and in which way digital interaction can affect either creative processes and audience active participation and engagement. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Using digital technology to engage audiences Digital experience is transforming the way audiences engage with culture and is driving new forms of cultural participation and practice. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Certainly, digital technology is transforming the relationship that cultural organisations have with their public, opening new possibilities. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Starting from this assumption we wanted to investigate the potential of digital technology to actively engage audiences through new formats and mediums and by diversifying their distribution channels. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	Our Digital Access Centre allows visitors to try for themselves the technology that is developing at breakneck speed to transform all our lives. .
Landry, C., ; Bianchini, F.,	The Creative City	In this sense, creativity is a modernist concept because it emphasises the new, progress and continual change. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Those are specific cases in which creativity has acted as the key driver of human progress and technological innovation. .
Urbanowicz K., Nyka L.	Interactive and Media Architecture - From Social Encounters to City Planning Strategies	They can take the role of pilot projects, reveal characteristics of particular places in which they are located, offer different channels for public participation contributing to the whole process by making it more democratic and creative. .
Hatami T., Noroozi A., Tahmasebi R., Rahba A.	Effect of multimedia education on nutritional behaviour for colorectal cancer prevention: An application of health belief model	Multimedia allows for users to easily interact with content due to its dynamic and attractive graphical effects and use of various visual and audio media. .
Colby S.	Multicultural arts education in the post-secondary context?: Creating installation and performance art in surrey, Canada	In addition to providing an opportunity to experience multiple perspectives on community members experiences, this footage provided students with a basis for self-reflection and was the raw material out of which the students would subsequently build their installation project and create their performance pieces. .
Staniškytė J.	From institutional fatigue to creative communication: Audience development in Lithuanian theatres	The principles of participatory culture have offered the contemporary audience wide possibilities to create content (or to participate in creating it): the functions that were once monopolized by cultural institutions and the media are now dispersed throughout the vast communication spaces; the networks and channels of easily accessible technologies produce new universes of personal interests and collective ambitions. .
Staniškytė J.	From institutional fatigue to creative communication: Audience development in Lithuanian theatres	The growth of participatory culture and personal content creation fostered by new media technologies manifested the importance of the audience in the processes of content creation and distribution. .
Fiellin, L., E.; Hieftje, K., D.; Pendergrass, T., M.; Kyriakides, T., C.; Duncan, L., R.; Dziura, J., D.; Sawyer, B., G.; Mayes, L.; Crusto, C., A.; Forsyth, B., WC.; Fiellin, D. A.	Video Game Intervention for Sexual Risk Reduction in Minority Adolescents: Randomized Controlled Trial.	According to the 2016 National Education Technology Plan, technology increasingly is being used to personalize learning and give students more choice over what and how they learn and at what pace, preparing them to organize and direct their own learning for the rest of their lives and the focus is on using technology to transform learning experiences with the goal of providing greater equity and accessibility 79 . .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Students, teachers, and archivists all stand to benefit from an increased archival role in education. .
Felton E., Vichie K., Moore E.	Widening participation creatively: creative arts education for social inclusion	As schools are part of an acculturation and social process which equips students to be functional members of society, it is important to gain skills in digital literacy and multi-media expression. .
Peters V.J.T., Meijboom B.R., Bunt J.E.H., Bok L.A., van Steenbergen M.W., de Winter J.P., de Vries E.	Providing person-centered care for patients with complex healthcare needs: A qualitative study	As a result, there is a need to make higher education services available to large number of students and, at the same time, offer an individualized learning package for each student. .
Moreira J.A., Rodrigues E.	The potencial of science fiction cinema in a prison context and its impact on the construction of learning communities Potencialidades do Cinema de Ficção Científica em Contexto de Reclusão e o seu Impacto na Construção de Comunidades de Aprendizagem	This approach and pedagogical action by the teacher proves to be extremely important, because it allows the student, and as mentioned by these individuals, to have an active participation in the learning process, building their own knowledge (Moreira & Monteiro, 2010). .
Ritchie A., Gaulter A.	Dancing towards belonging: the use of a dance intervention to influence migrant pupils’ sense of belonging in school	Such opportunities offer migrant pupils rich experiences in connecting with learning, the school and adults in a way that is positive and meaningful. .
Evans G.	Participation and provision in arts & culture – bridging the divide	They have become the portal to a whole range of material for education, entertainment and self-improvement. .
Twedt E., Proffitt D.R., Hearn D.L.	Art and aging: Digital projects for individuals with dementia	Assessment Learning Outcomes The action teaching model had a variety of positive outcomes for students. .
Kesler T., Gibson L., Jr., Turansky C.	Bringing the book to life: Responding to historical fiction using digital storytelling	Nevertheless, the multiple data sources of this study enabled in-depth analysis that showed a pedagogy that made new roles available to students to take up, new ways of constructing self in the classroom, as well as growth within the classroom culture. .
Criss S., Kleinmann M.	Dotte agency: A participatory design model for community health	Evidence also backs this approach as an instructional tool, for both students and the community. .
Aabe N.O., Fox F., Rai D., Redwood S.	Inside, outside and in-between: The process and impact of co-producing knowledge about autism in a UK Somali community	The workshops were well attended and helped to increase awareness of their child's longer term independence. .
Hanna G.P., Noelker L.S., Bienvenu B.	The arts, health, and aging in America: 2005-2015	Although developed for professional and teaching artists, user data show the tool has also engaged learners from fields such as social work, life enrichment, and health care. .
Wei N.J., Dougherty B., Myers A., Badawy S.M.	Using google glass in surgical settings: Systematic review	17 Virtual Reality displayed on glasses screen can also directly help in patient treatment for example in pain management. .
Bruggers C.S., Baranowski S., Beseris M., Leonard R., Long D., Schulte E., Shorter A., Stigner R., Mason C.C., Bedrov A., Pascual I., Bulaj G.	A prototype exercise-empowerment mobile video game for children with cancer, and its usability assessment: Developing digital empowerment interventions for pediatric diseases	Video games show potential for health-related behavioral change by promoting disease education and self-management. .
Abbing A., Ponstein A., van Hooren S., de Sonneville L., Swaab H., Baars E.	The effectiveness of art therapy for anxiety in adults: A systematic review of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials	The AT characteristics varied and narrative synthesis led to hypothesized working mechanisms of AT: induce relaxation; gain access to unconscious traumatic memories, thereby creating possibilities to investigate cognitions; and improve emotion regulation. .
Lindblad K., de Boise S.	Musical engagement and subjective wellbeing amongst men in the third age	To return into the world with a renewed contact with the self and an improved mood can completely change the perception of the socially shared space, which in turn affects relationships - and, consequently, wellbeing. .
Aithal S., Karkou V., Kuppusamy G., Mariswamy P.	Backing the backbones—A feasibility study on the effectiveness of dance movement psychotherapy on parenting stress in caregivers of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder	It also encouraged them to be in the here and now which could be associated with better emotional regulation. .
Imtiaz D., Anwar Y., Khan A.	Wearable sensors and a multisensory music and reminiscence therapies application: To help reduce behavioral and psychological symptoms in person with dementia	Long term monitoring of the psychological change, more personalized positive videos/images, and a larger population would help us improve our results in the future. .
van der Steen J.T., van Soest-Poortvliet M.C., van der Wouden J.C., Bruinsma M.S., Scholten R.J.P.M., Vink A.C.	Music-based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia	The specific focus was to assess whether they can improve emotional well-being including quality of life, mood disturbance or negative affect, behavioural problems, social behaviour, and cognition. .
Quinlan E., Thomas R., Ahmed S., Fichtner P., McMullen L., Block J.	The aesthetic rationality of the popular expressive arts: Lifeworld communication among breast cancer survivors living with lymphedema	Imbued with multiple meanings, the forms were catalysts for critical self-reflection and new consciousnesses. .
Maritz G.U., Coetzee M.-H.	Creative synergy: Using community theatre and appreciative inquiry for young peoples critical participation in HIV prevention and education	That in turn fosters positive emotional experiences and positive possibilities in a relational and generative space. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Be SpectACTive! represents an attempt to deepen the possibilities offered by the participation in the artistic decision and programming, management, creation in progress, by the direct engagement in the casting or by an interaction with the creators via a digital platform. .
Horton, S., ; Spence, J.,	Scoping the economic and social impact of archives.	They could do this through stimulating and facilitating innovation and creativity, through providing access to intellectual property, particularly things like research findings, patents and standards, and by assisting the transformation to an information- or knowledge-based society. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	Their function is to trigger new processes and projects that facilitate fruitful interactions between disciplines, departments or people, thus enabling economic and social innovation. .
Lee B., Na I.S.	A case study of a community center project based on appropriate technology as a community capacity building of underdeveloped country	This has led to the emergence of research on appropriate technologies to support the development of the ability of poor users, and to create new opportunities based on them, as a solution to international social problems. .
Ylipulli J., Luusua A.	“Without libraries what have we? : Public libraries as nodes for technological empowerment in the era of smart cities, AI and big data	For design, the meso-level opens up relevant design space wherein novel services and technologies can be created and maintained in a participatory manner. .
Hopkins P., Hare J., Donaghey J., Abbott W.	Geo, audio, video, photo: How digital convergence in mobile devices facilitates participatory culture in libraries	Underpinning the drive to expand participatory culture is often the assumption that new technologies in a converged media environment place new tools in the hands of the people, and that these will inevitably provide everyone with improved opportunities to participate in the transformation of their world. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	Conclusion Findings from this study extend previous research on cultural capital by (1) drawing attention to the inclusive aspect of cultural capital, which is associated with individuals positive psychological outcomes; (2) showing that examining online forms of cultural participation as well as multiple forms of cultural activities including popular and sporting events can enrich our understanding of the diverse nature of cultural capital; and most notably, (3) applying the literature on interpersonal discussion networks to the context of culture and demonstrating that the structural characteristics of communication networks play an important role for individual-level outcomes. .
Delanaey, L., ; Keaney, E.,	Cultural Participation, Social Capital and Civil Renewal in the United Kingdom: Statistical Evidence from National and International Survey Data.	As can be seen, having a college degree makes one substantially more likely to participate in almost all forms of cultural activity. .
Delanaey, L., ; Keaney, E.,	Cultural Participation, Social Capital and Civil Renewal in the United Kingdom: Statistical Evidence from National and International Survey Data.	The results again point to the importance of education, as well as regional location, in determining participation in different forms of cultural participation. .
Blessi, G.T., ; Tremblay , D., G.; Sandri, M., ; Pilati, T.,	New trajectories in urban regeneration processes: Cultural capital as source of human and social capital accumulation – Evidence from the case of Tohu in Montreal	The argument for investigating how these assets have either been ignored or generated in cultural-led regeneration processes and how they can be embraced more fully in future processes is important because participation in various cultural activities is significant for communities and individuals in that it provides unique opportunities for non-instrumental, collective sense-making. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	There is much to be learned by cultural districts working together, above all with those which share their particular objectives, in order to improve how they approach and seek to deliver social impacts, and the evaluation, narrative and evidence that is presented to stakeholders. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	They add to traditional evaluation tools narratives that are compelling for stakeholders and a resource for a cultural districts understanding of itself. .
Padilla-Llano S.E., Machado-Penso M.V., Reyes-Schade E., Larios-Giraldo P.M., Cabrera-Sánchez I., Martínez-Palacios E., González-Forero D., Tapias-Martínez J.	Barrio El Prado: A living museum for the city of Barranquilla Barrio el prado un museo vivo para la ciudad de Barranquilla.	The compilation, transformation and generation of new knowledge from the different disciplines will allow, from the academic point of view, to define new dynamics that contribute to a new social value and a new appropriation of both those who inhabit the neighborhood and those who visit it. .
Linton J.	Quiet contributors: The role of the arts, humanities and social sciences in innovation	Digitization and humanities Digitization has created many opportunities for the arts and humanities. .
Bernard M., Rickett M., Pruchno R.	The cultural value of older peoples experiences of theater-making: A review	These projects all enable people to exchange stories and experiences and develop positive views of themselves and others. .
Kabel A., Teti M., Zhang N.	The art of resilience: photo-stories of inspiration and strength among people with HIV/AIDS	These projects all enable people to exchange stories and experiences and develop positive views of themselves and others. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	This is a crowd-culture strategy aimed at creating a sense of belonging among a complex community who shares cultures, languages and experiences. .
Jancovich, L., ; Bianchini, F.,	Problematising participation	It has also been argued that higher levels of cultural engagement and participation help to raise self-confidence, and improve the organisational focus of local community groups (Dodd, Graves, & Taws, 2008). .
Irby M.B., Hamlin D., Rhoades L., Freeman N.R., Summers P., Rhodes S.D., Daniel S.	Violence as a health disparity: Adolescents’ perceptions of violence depicted through photovoice	Overall, we found that participants developed and demonstrated a high level of interest and pride in the project, their photos and narratives, and the community forum. .
Saavedra J., Arias S., Crawford P., Pérez E.	Impact of creative workshops for people with severe mental health problems: art as a means of recovery	This improvement is described in connection with a decrease of stress, a greater ability to relax or escape from their problems. .
Han X.	Neurofeedback mechanism of music features on mental health development of adolescents	The brisk music is more effective in soothing the emotions of the teenagers and improving their mental health. .
Williamson V.J., Bonshor M.	Wellbeing in brass bands: The benefits and challenges of group music making	Focusing 100% of your concentration on one thing can be like a meditation at times and feels very healthy and beneficial. .
Stanczyk M.M.	Music therapy in supportive cancer care	It may be also basic for planning effective programs of rehabilitation to promote wellness, improve physical and emotional well-being and the quality of life. .
Zhang, Y.; Tzortzopoulos, P.; Kagioglou, M.	Healing built-environment effects on health outcomes: environment–occupant–health framework.	It is described as healthcare buildings that (1) reduce the stress levels for all healthcare building users; and (2) promote health benefits for users. .
Zhang, Y.; Tzortzopoulos, P.; Kagioglou, M.	Healing built-environment effects on health outcomes: environment–occupant–health framework.	comfortable environment: to ensure the provision of continuous comfort, physiologically and psychologically, for occupants . .
Kaimal, G.; Gonzaga, A., M.; Schwachter, V.	Crafting, health and wellbeing: findings from the survey of public participation in the arts and considerations for art therapists.	Crafting might have a role as a tool during and outside of therapy settings as a means to engage in a safe and healthful coping practice. .
Dahlgren, G., ; Whitehead, M.,	Policies and strategies to promote social equity in health	Positive social relations and social support when experiencing very stressful situations due to e.g. poverty, divorce or unemployment are examples of such health protection factors. .
de Paiva A., Jedon R.	Short- and long-term effects of architecture on the brain: Toward theoretical formalization	For instance, spending a day at home can be helpful to lower stress levels and relax (short-term effect). .
Friesinger J.G., Topor A., Bøe T.D., Larsen I.B.	Studies regarding supported housing and the built environment for people with mental health problems: A mixed-methods literature review	People with mental health problems need meaningful places in which to dwell that offer both protection and opportunities to grow..
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	Some caregivers view leisure as a temporary escape from caring, which helps to preserve health and emotional functioning, thereby enhancing coping (Gahagan et al., 2007). .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	This theory resonates with the caregivers descriptions of deriving feelings of calmness from participating in the group which they could then apply in their caregiving roles. .
Núñez S.	Medicinal drumming: An ancient and modern day healing approach	When experienced within a safe environment and frame, these neurological shifts promote health and wellness. .
Monsuez J.-J., François V., Ratiney R., Trinchet I., Polomeni P., Sebbane G., Muller S., Litout M., Castagno C., Frandji D.	Museum moving to inpatients: Le louvre à l’hôpital	Such an approach is judged very satisfying by patients and may, in many instances reduce hospital-related anxiety..
Williamson V.J., Bonshor M.	Wellbeing in brass bands: The benefits and challenges of group music making	Stable wellbeing is when individuals have the psychological, social and physical resources they need to meet a particular psychological, social and/or physical challenge. .
Shakespeare T., Whieldon A.	Sing Your Heart Out: Community singing as part of mental health recovery	The aim was to provide a safe environment in which there was understanding of the varieties of mental ill-health and the needs that may arise with such conditions. .
Awtuch A., Gȩbczyńska-Janowicz A.	Art and Healthcare - Healing Potential of Artistic Interventions in Medical Settings	It is expressed in the concepts of healthy environment promoting active life and healing environment defined as a treatment setting that sustains the healing process by creating a supportive physical and social environment. .
Awtuch A., Gȩbczyńska-Janowicz A.	Art and Healthcare - Healing Potential of Artistic Interventions in Medical Settings	As a result of studies analysing how people manage to cope with stress without compromising their psychosocial functioning and their health, the attention has been drawn to the broadly understood human and environmental resources that make it possible for people to cope with dangers. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Subjective well-being and engagement in arts, culture and sport.	They suggest participation in sports, recreation and fitness may generate positive spillover between domains thus increasing well-being at work. .
Tischler V., Schneider J., Morgner C., Crawford P., Dening T., Brooker D.A.W.N., Garabedian C., Myers T., Early F., Shaughnessy N., Innes A., Duncan K., Prashar A., McDermott O., Coaten R., Eland D., Harvey K.	Stronger together: learning from an interdisciplinary dementia, arts and well-being network (DA&WN)	One participant reflected on the benefits of these engagements and discussons during the workshop: Our sense of wellbeing affected by physical activity itself. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	It also intends that empowerment should go beyond individuals and support people to create or strengthen community. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	They can also play a vital role in the regeneration process, facilitating consultation and partnership between residents and public agencies. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	Evidence indicates they can contribute to the overall regeneration of an area using preDominantely people-centred strategies within a community development framework. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	Social: referring to encouraging social connections through facilities, organizations and clubs that can enhance the quality of life through human contact between individuals, families and sections of society. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Providing a good reception service, clean spaces that are architectonically well thought-out, and respecting and assisting the public are the basic rules of the institution. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Nevertheless, as discussed earlier, social interaction is a key driver for imparting community-oriented values. .
Laaksonen, A.,	Measuring Cultural Exclusion through Participation in Cultural Life.	But more importantly, an enabling and proactive environment for access, participation and community action facilitates and fosters the sense of inclusion and enjoyment of rights, and at the same time the sense of responsibility towards the community itself. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The benefits it examines fall into two general categories: Promotion of social interaction among community members, creating a sense of community identity and helping to build social capital at the community level. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	These activities build social and leadership skills and involve people in the civic life of their communities. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	It is clear that such skills and civic involvement can contribute to the collective capacity of communities to address their own problems. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Once social cohesion forms, it does more than create a sphere of social life and identity within the community; it also influences the willingness of community members to act for the common good. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Those projects enabled the organisation to expand even further the scope and attraction, as well as the impact within the local community. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	An organisation with a strong social purpose may be far more interested in empowering its local community through creativity. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Both a form of activism and these days a developed professional discipline, it enables strong communities, encourages active citizens, promotes social justice and helps improve the quality of community life. .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	Tourism development is usually accompanied by infrastructure improvement in order to make a destination more attractive to tourists. .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	Such infrastructure upgrades also benefit residents, who will enjoy easier access to a variety of recreation, leisure, shopping and service facilities. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	This could also serve the goal of keeping such spaces fresh, up-to-date and open to new ideas that resonate with the local community. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	This enables them to prosper, at the same time it gives them the opportunity to influence and be involved in their community, actively participating in the decision-making processes that affect their everyday lives. .
Blessi, G.T., ; Tremblay , D., G.; Sandri, M., ; Pilati, T.,	New trajectories in urban regeneration processes: Cultural capital as source of human and social capital accumulation – Evidence from the case of Tohu in Montreal	This guided the establishment of community organizations aiming to help local citizens and to improve general conditions in the area. .
Gallou, E., ; Fouseki, K.,	Applying Social Impact Assessment (SIA) Principles in Assessing Contribution of Cultural Heritage to Social Sustainability.	It can also significantly improve current practices via producing targeted recommendations for professionals working with communities in such contexts. .
Gainza, X.,	Culture‑led neighbourhood transformations beyond the revitalisation/gentrification dichotomy.	Interventions have included improvements in the housing stock and public spaces, as well as socioeconomic initiatives to revitalise the social, commercial and economic life. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	It is an essential and powerful way in which people build and rebuild community, release creative energy and transform minds, organisations, institutions and society. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Professionals in many disciplines believe that greater investment in community-based systems, co-operating with government, would build communities and society. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	These projects are commonly capable of: Raising public awareness of an issue Inspiring action on a social issue Improving understanding of different cultures or lifestyles Generating employment Increasing public safety The processes of creating or strengthening communities, and developing social capital, frequently generate the desire for social change. .
Degen, M., ; Garcia, M.,	The Transformation of the ‘Barcelona Model’: An Analysis of Culture, Urban Regeneration.	Parks and plazas served to gather residents from differentiated areas of the city on common ground, enhancing social cohesion and citizen activities. .
Degen, M., ; Garcia, M.,	The Transformation of the ‘Barcelona Model’: An Analysis of Culture, Urban Regeneration.	The purpose, and to a large extent the outcome, was to implement social redistribution by improving living conditions in the public realm with higher-quality public spaces and public services. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	If the key social factors identified in this study are properly addressed, they can enhance the potential social benefits to the community. .
Daykin, N.; De Viggiani, N.; Pilkington, P.; Moriarty, Y.	Music making for health, well-being and behaviour change in youth justice settings: a systematic review	This project sought to provide participants with a framework that fostered individual success and recognition while encouraging community cohesion. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	In order to better serve their communities, some small archives have undertaken outreach programs that actively seek to engage local citizens. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Thus, a broader segment of the geographical community would be given an opportunity to take part in and benefit from community development processes. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	In addition to building the capacity for citizens to participate in their communities, archival institutions may be able to assist citizens in becoming more engaged with local government. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Knowing the success of building communities and social capital is, however, a significant evaluation challenge not least because it is about more than just change in individuals. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	A partnership was brought together to enhance the infrastructure and range of events in a downtown district that already existed. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	The goal is to build on their existing substantial social programmes and to design and animate a more engaging public realm. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Nonetheless, the priorities in the plan are broad and connect with much of the social impact typology above: developing community-based work in neighbourhoods, creating vibrant public spaces, enhancing civic pride and engagement, fostering inclusiveness and participation, building social capital and supporting the creative industries. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	A key imperative behind ACTs strategy is to build stronger communities and integrate neighbourhood-based culture within the wider city. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	How far has a cultural district helped enhance social capital within a community as expressed in the quality and density of community relationships, especially by bridging different groups, empowering marginalised groups, and raising the overall level of civic engagement? .
Badham, M.,	Cultural Indicators: Tools for Community Engagement?	With community run projects, indicators can encourage discussion between neighbours and can be catalytic in stimulating change. .
Badham, M.,	Cultural Indicators: Tools for Community Engagement?	One indicator of community cohesion aims to maximize community involvement and serve as inspiration for action, smiles per hour. .
Badham, M.,	Cultural Indicators: Tools for Community Engagement?	The research suggests that engaging community in things that really matter can stimulate positive social change. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	Local actions, better future - the legacy of Culture for Cities and Regions Cities should be places of equal opportunities for all, of dialogue and co-creation with citizens, with a good quality of life and high standard of services. .
Robazza P., Longo D., Bortoli G., Alese G., Boeri A.	DIY urbanism as a tool of urban regeneration. Two cases in comparison	Sharing the results of an innovative process of regeneration of a public space guarantees the social inclusion necessary for the regeneration of the whole city. .
Stupar A., Mihajlov V., Lalovic K., Colic R., Petrovic F.	Participative placemaking in Serbia: The use of the limitless GIS application in increasing the sustainability of universal urban design	The ongoing multidisciplinary research is expected to have far-reaching benefits, improving the quality of life in all urban areas for all users. .
Stupar A., Mihajlov V., Lalovic K., Colic R., Petrovic F.	Participative placemaking in Serbia: The use of the limitless GIS application in increasing the sustainability of universal urban design	It highlights how the street design and orientation of adjoining land-use can improve safety, accessibility and comfort, while special emphasis is given to the improvement of accessibility and safety of disabled users. .
Stupar A., Mihajlov V., Lalovic K., Colic R., Petrovic F.	Participative placemaking in Serbia: The use of the limitless GIS application in increasing the sustainability of universal urban design	Therefore, the presented information is useful for facilitating disabled people and providing an accurate picture of a selected location and its accessibility, raising the overall sustainability of urban space, as well as the public awareness of accessibility problems. .
Horgan D., Dimitrijević B.	Frameworks for citizens participation in planning: From conversational to smart tools	Based around an open and agile interpretation of this framework, what may emerge is a set of innovative architectures - urban design solutions, digital environments and social service infrastructure that work in concert to promote greater community resilience. .
Horgan D., Dimitrijević B.	Frameworks for citizens participation in planning: From conversational to smart tools	This hypothesis resonates with the view that community and built environment infrastructure should not be designed in isolation but conceived of together in order to develop genuine social value and achieve real social impact. .
Horgan D., Dimitrijević B.	Frameworks for citizens participation in planning: From conversational to smart tools	It can be said the Place Standard is a comprehensive tool for engaging communities in decisionmaking about local priorities for social improvement. .
Horgan D., Dimitrijević B.	Frameworks for citizens participation in planning: From conversational to smart tools	Overall the tool has been well-received as an aid in aligning ambitions within a community ecosystem, particularly within the context of community engagement, owing to its universality and ease of use. .
Horgan D., Dimitrijević B.	Frameworks for citizens participation in planning: From conversational to smart tools	When used to facilitate open dialogue, tools such as the Place Standard can help communities better contribute to the development of strategic mechanisms like that of the 'Smart City', and in turn can provide the basis of a framework for multi-stakeholder place-based collaboration. .
Lee B., Na I.S.	A case study of a community center project based on appropriate technology as a community capacity building of underdeveloped country	First, this project aimed to strengthen the capacity of urban poor communities through securing community space. .
Nguyen T.H.N.	Design for design - Design by community	Recent community trends have contributed to the direct, active engagement in local development plans, which has brought about positive and far-reaching effects. .
Makhzoumi J., Al-Sabbagh S.	Landscape and urban governance: Participatory planning of the public realm in Saida, Lebanon	A landscape framing of the public realm, as such, prioritizes environmental health and urban connectivity. .
Catenaccio P., Khonsari T.	The construction of a civic neighbourhood as/through cultural production a discourse analytical approach to participatory art and temporary architecture	It is a charitable organisation set up to help improve the high street, and its vision is for a thriving local economy that gives the opportunity and space for communities to flourish. .
Kosk K.	Social Participation in Residential Architecture as an Instrument for Transforming Both the Architecture and the People Who Participate in It	Therefore, it is expected that these designs have an increased chance to create architecture that is conducive to building neighbourly relationships. .
Kosk K.	Social Participation in Residential Architecture as an Instrument for Transforming Both the Architecture and the People Who Participate in It	Therefore, it is expected that these designs have an increased chance to create architecture that is conducive to creating neighbourly relationships. .
Urbanowicz K., Nyka L.	Interactive and Media Architecture - From Social Encounters to City Planning Strategies	Furthermore, the participatory architecture and installations could be used to allow the city dwellers to be a part of the creation and transformation process. .
Coates G.J.	The sustainable Urban district of vauban in Freiburg, Germany	The result is a community that is socially cohesive and architecturally diverse. .
Afacan Y., Afacan S.O.	Rethinking social inclusivity: Design strategies for cities	These concepts are based on creating environments that stimulate and enhance quality of life, personal identity and human interactions throughout the lifespan. .
Afacan Y., Afacan S.O.	Rethinking social inclusivity: Design strategies for cities	This study thus approaches social inclusivity within the context of universal urban design, and defines it as a vehicle for promoting human wellbeing, environmental wholeness and the principles of participatory democracy. .
Afacan Y., Afacan S.O.	Rethinking social inclusivity: Design strategies for cities	The main reason for this is the lack of social cohesion and social inclusion created by the urban landscapes, which is a key aspect of sustainable communities. .
Afacan Y., Afacan S.O.	Rethinking social inclusivity: Design strategies for cities	In this respect, the unifying capacity of the roof structure can combine diverse expectations of communities and influence their social activity in a positive way by providing equally accessible series of inner- and outer-town facilities underneath. .
Afacan Y., Afacan S.O.	Rethinking social inclusivity: Design strategies for cities	An urban site designed with variation and repetition can ensure universally designed communities and allow more users to participate in and experience that environment in a sustainable manner. .
Venerandi A., Quattrone G., Capra L.	City form and well-being: What makes London neighborhoods good places to live?	The search for an urban form which fosters peoples wellbeing has long been the research topic of many architects and scholars. .
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	These findings suggest that the opportunity to meet people regularly and frequently may be sufficient to create social cohesion and improved well-being for group members. .
Jones M., Kimberlee R., Deave T., Evans S.	The role of community centre-based arts, leisure and social activities in promoting adult well-being and healthy lifestyles	Activities such as those delivered through the community centres in this study have a part to play in helping shift an agenda towards the promotion of wellbeing and positive health. .
Carnegie A., Norris M.	Strengthening communities, building capacity, combating stigma: exploring the potential of culture-led social housing regeneration	However they argued that this aspect of the estates regeneration has had a stronger impact on strengthening community cohesion, by enabling residents to interact in a creative environment and increasing neighbourhood pride, which had been diminished by the estates negative external image. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	In short, they favor the creation of a sense of place by citizens, as well as the generation of a social and interaction space. .
Ylipulli J., Luusua A.	“Without libraries what have we? : Public libraries as nodes for technological empowerment in the era of smart cities, AI and big data	Furthermore, they can also act as nodes of participatory and democratic design in societies, including the design of urban technologies. .
Ylipulli J., Luusua A.	“Without libraries what have we? : Public libraries as nodes for technological empowerment in the era of smart cities, AI and big data	More inclusive, participatory and democratic smart cities could be created by utilizing and reinforcing existing societal programs. .
Cole N., Stenström C.	The Value of California’s Public Libraries	It is important for organizations to maximize the social value of their activities so that the wellbeing of those affected by the organizations work is improved, equity among those affected is increased, and sustainability of the environment is enhanced. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	The festival facilitates self-expression and personal development, with equally strong effects on social networking and engagement with the community. .
Camic P.M., Baker E.L., Tischler V.	Theorizing how art gallery interventions impact people with dementia and their caregivers	Caregivers commented on the importance of the social interaction and group nature for the success of the activity: There are a lot of activities which are good for people in our situation. .
Vardopoulos I., Stamopoulos C., Chatzithanasis G., Michalakelis C., Giannouli P., Pastrapa E.	Considering urban development paths and processes on account of adaptive reuse projects	Future cities should urban communi ies committed to improving the well-being of the current and future residents, integrating economic, environmental, social and cultural considerations. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Indeed, this activity was emphasised by participants as being integral to their well-being and was recognised as a quick and effective method for connecting with others. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Sustainable Community Development Building healthy communities that are sustainable is a primary goal of our time. .
Vetter D., Barth J., Uyulmaz S., Uyulmaz S., Vonlanthen R., Belli G., Montorsi M., Bismuth H., Witt C.M., Clavien P.-A.	Effects of art on surgical patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis	Regarding architectural design, more spacious wards may allow better socializing by activating the patient to interact more with his or her surrounding and ultimately improve patient health. .
Guariguata L., Rouwette E.A.J.A., Murphy M.M., Ville A.S., Dunn L.L., Hickey G.M., Jones W., Samuels T.A., Unwin N.	Using group model building to describe the system driving unhealthy eating and identify intervention points: A participatory, stakeholder engagement approach in the Caribbean	They stressed the importance of engaging with communities to promote healthier behaviors. .
Irby M.B., Hamlin D., Rhoades L., Freeman N.R., Summers P., Rhodes S.D., Daniel S.	Violence as a health disparity: Adolescents’ perceptions of violence depicted through photovoice	Effective community-based approaches for violence prevention stand not only to save lives and prevent injury among those directly impacted by violent acts, but to promote health equity, strengthen communities, and foster well-being. .
Corvo E., Skingley A., Clift S.	Community singing, wellbeing and older people: implementing and evaluating an English singing for health intervention in Rome	It is, therefore, crucial that policy makers take into account social activities to promote the health and wellbeing of.
Athens L.	Design for social sustainability at Seattles central library	10 Social capital can be fostered by providing civic and public spaces that set the stage for social interaction, and provide fertile ground to nurture the development of these relationships. .
Athens L.	Design for social sustainability at Seattles central library	An increase in the provision of publicly accessible social space in the built environment can be thought of as contributing to social capital development. .
Athens L.	Design for social sustainability at Seattles central library	Integrating food service into any facility can add to its social function. .
Hambright-Belue S., Holland M.J.	Social impact through design: Experiments in urban agriculture	BENEFITS FOR COMMUNITY There are multiple benefits for the communities that these projects are based that extend beyond the design product being proposed. .
Hambright-Belue S., Holland M.J.	Social impact through design: Experiments in urban agriculture	Designers bring useful skills that can expand the discussion and the dialogue concerning economic equity, issues of community building and how to create social just spaces. .
Criss S., Kleinmann M.	Dotte agency: A participatory design model for community health	By inviting communities to be participants in the process of both a buildings design and its construction, their success reflects how projects that improve health can be a viable path forward for architects wishing to integrate social impact design with architectural practice. .
Criss S., Kleinmann M.	Dotte agency: A participatory design model for community health	By adopting a social determinants of health mindset, design skills that improve the built environment, to enhance access to spaces and support greater community health outcomes, become essential. .
Criss S., Kleinmann M.	Dotte agency: A participatory design model for community health	However, when community advocates working in interdisciplinary partnerships can come together to present a cohesive vision for greater public health access in the built environment based upon community engagement and participatory design, this process can serve to reframe an affected communitys relationship with local authorities that may have previously ignored them. .
Criss S., Kleinmann M.	Dotte agency: A participatory design model for community health	Through engagement events, participatory design in community spaces can shape advocacy and civic discourse to gain multiple perspectives on what spaces add value and what spaces can have the greatest potential impact (for better or worse). .
Criss S., Kleinmann M.	Dotte agency: A participatory design model for community health	When it works best, participatory process can cut through siloed, institutionalized boundaries, connecting various neighborhoods in the name of the common good. .
Criss S., Kleinmann M.	Dotte agency: A participatory design model for community health	However, with community feedback it can be a powerful participatory design process for residents, advocates, and designers to engage in. .
Abdulla S.	The art of inclusion: Contradictions affecting theatre for development interventions in Malawi	In short, inclusive practices offer a platform for working with local communities as vital partners in development, rather than passive recipients. .
Abdulla S.	The art of inclusion: Contradictions affecting theatre for development interventions in Malawi	In short, inclusive practices offer a platform for working with local communities as vital partners in development, rather than passive recipients. .
Brown K., Eernstman N., Huke A.R., Reding N.	The drama of resilience: Learning, doing, and sharing for sustainability	Our reflections on this process suggest that such an approach adds to our understanding of resilience and, in its own way, may contribute toward building resilience of the communities with whom we work. .
Brown J.L., MacDonald R., Mitchell R.	Are People Who Participate in Cultural Activities More Satisfied with Life?	The promotion of leisure activities which are active and promote social interaction should be considered in programmes aimed at improving the quality of life. .
Brown J.L., MacDonald R., Mitchell R.	Are People Who Participate in Cultural Activities More Satisfied with Life?	In the face of economic change it would seem that an important way of improving social wellbeing and quality of life would be to create opportunities for engaging in a number of leisure activities, specifically those that are active and promote social interaction. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Interplay between heritage conservation and urban renewal Urban renewal involves the demolition or restoration of decayed and obsolete buildings so as to create better living environments. .
Kubey, K.,	Design for Impact: Measuring Architecture's Social Value in the United States.	The framework was inspired by the US Green Building Councils LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) programme, which measures a buildings environmental impacts and has helped to raise the level of environmental sustainability of buildings in the US. .
Capolongo S., Rebecchi A., Dettori M., Appolloni L., Azara A., Buffoli M., Capasso L., Casuccio A., Conti G.O., D’amico A., Ferrante M., Moscato U., Oberti I., Paglione L., Restivo V., D’alessandro D.	Healthy design and urban planning strategies, actions, and policy to achieve salutogenic cities	Their use limits the demand for energy and, consequently, the impacts of its production, thus protecting health and the environment. .
Capolongo S., Rebecchi A., Dettori M., Appolloni L., Azara A., Buffoli M., Capasso L., Casuccio A., Conti G.O., D’amico A., Ferrante M., Moscato U., Oberti I., Paglione L., Restivo V., D’alessandro D.	Healthy design and urban planning strategies, actions, and policy to achieve salutogenic cities	It is necessary that such policies guarantee citizens not only an access to decorous housing, but also the right to live in a context that is environmentally, socially, and economically sustainable and that meets the specific needs of users. .
Mc L.J., Harrison I.R.	The effects of built environment design on opportunities for wellbeing in care homes	The built environment does affect wellbeing Previous studies have evidenced the effect of the built environment on the wellbeing and quality of life of care home residents. .
Korfmacher K.S., Garrison V.	Partnering to reduce environmental hazards through a community-based healthy home museum: Education for action	This collaboration showed that a collaboratively operated, interactive healthy home museum can build residents' capacity to reduce home health hazards while changing local policies and practices to sustainably promote healthier homes. .
Athens L.	Design for social sustainability at Seattles central library	Of course, this also has the effect of matching construction materials with local resources, and reducing associated environmental impacts from transporting materials over long distances. .
Ibrahim I.	Socio environmental impact in eco-architecture	This movement aims to create environmentally friendly, energy-efficient buildings and developments by effectively managing natural resources. .
Ibrahim I.	Socio environmental impact in eco-architecture	Negative environmental impact can be mitigated through use of sustainably harvested building materials and finishes, materials with low toxicity in manufacturing and installation, and recycling building materials while on the job site. .
Ibrahim I.	Socio environmental impact in eco-architecture	Measures for ecological buildings can be divided into four areas, reducing energy in use, minimising external pollution and environmental damage reducing embodied energy and resource depletion, minimising internal pollution and damage to health. .
Ibrahim I.	Socio environmental impact in eco-architecture	5.2 Energy issues The benefits from the energy-efficient siting and design of buildings are economic (saving money), social (reducing fuel poverty); and ecological (reducing resource exploitation and emissions). .
Ibrahim I.	Socio environmental impact in eco-architecture	To reduce embodied energy, without compromising longevity or efficiency: reuse existing buildings and structures wherever possible (provided their energy costs in use can be reduced to an acceptable level), design buildings for long life, with ease of maintenance and adaptability to changing needs, construct buildings and infrastructure out of local and low- energy materials where possible, reduce the proportion of high rise, detached or single-storey developments, design layouts which minimise the extent to roadway and utility pipe work per dwelling. .
Van Steenwinkel, I.; De Casterlé, B., D.; Heylighen, A.	How architectural design affords experiences of freedom in residential care for older people.	Accessibility Accessibility enhanced freedom of movement, action and choice, and, consequently, also affected experiences of living together. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Finally, barrier-free access and amenities should be provided for people with special needs in order to enhance equal opportunities for visiting the buildings. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	The general public can access a buildings easily if there are fewer restrictions and barriers. .
Stupar A., Mihajlov V., Lalovic K., Colic R., Petrovic F.	Participative placemaking in Serbia: The use of the limitless GIS application in increasing the sustainability of universal urban design	In this article, the concept of Universal Urban Design (i.e., Design for All) is regarded as a sustainable placemaking process which enables the higher accessibility and usability of cities for all people, regardless of their age or (dis)abilities. .
Stupar A., Mihajlov V., Lalovic K., Colic R., Petrovic F.	Participative placemaking in Serbia: The use of the limitless GIS application in increasing the sustainability of universal urban design	The Limitless GIS application and e-platform provides an input for the sustainable design which should contribute to the overall urban accessibility and ensure the full inclusion of people with limited mobility in the community. .
Afacan Y., Afacan S.O.	Rethinking social inclusivity: Design strategies for cities	Diverse user needs for accessible homes, workplaces, transportation, education settings and other recreation facilities brought forth accessibility standards and barrier-free design in urban planning and architecture. .
Punzi L., Chia M., Cipolletta S., Dolcetti C., Galozzi P., Giovinazzi O., Tonolo S., Zava R., Pazzaglia F.	The role of architectural design for rheumatic patients’ wellbeing: The point of view of environmental psychology	This user-centered design culture can be taken as reference to understand the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in the creation of private and/or public spaces or objects that can be usable and accessible to as many users as possible. .
Delrieu V., Gibson L.	Libraries and the geography of use: how does geography and asset “attractiveness” influence the local dimensions of cultural participation?	In addition, though we have shown that the availability of everyday facilities surrounding a destination provides another important influence on participation. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	In addition to The Edges openplan design, the ethos of the venue is one of equity and access, making the tools of digital creativity available to the broader community. .
Athens L.	Design for social sustainability at Seattles central library	This not only removes barriers for strollers and wheelchairs, it also enables maximum flexibility for its function. .
Athens L.	Design for social sustainability at Seattles central library	WAYFINDING FOR ACCESSIBILITY Integrating wayfindinginstruction on building navigationin the built environment is an important dimension of accessibility for all. .
Criss S., Kleinmann M.	Dotte agency: A participatory design model for community health	Through new forms of design intelligence and collaborative design tools, our critical spatial practice demonstrates new ways for how architectural design can be relevant to society. .
Meehan E.	Immersive performance and somatic practices: Joan davis and the maya lila project	Such works could be viewed as utopian in the way aim to build community, propose to offer freedom and/or attempt to tear down barriers between diverse participants. .
Van Steenwinkel, I.; De Casterlé, B., D.; Heylighen, A.	How architectural design affords experiences of freedom in residential care for older people.	Security includes physical safety, social support, and peace of mind, for example, being free from risk, danger, concern, or doubt. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	Safety (crime, fear of crime) is a key factor in accessibility, as is provision. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	Its actually giving them a format into which to have that freedom, a place of safety really... .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	It seems we want to save people from something and it may be risky. .
Filippi F.D., Cocina G.G., Martinuzzi C.	Integrating different data sources to address urban security in informal areas. The case study of Kibera, Nairobi	Therefore, guaranteeing security on the streets would result in making the whole city safe. .
Kosk K.	Social Participation in Residential Architecture as an Instrument for Transforming Both the Architecture and the People Who Participate in It	This seemingly modest piece of furniture can become quite an important means of preserving life between buildings. .
Afacan Y., Afacan S.O.	Rethinking social inclusivity: Design strategies for cities	With all these features this objective also has the potential for arranging elements to minimise hazards and create a sense of security and safety. .
Galindo-Neto N.M., Alexandre A.C.S., Barros L.M., Sá G.G.M., de Carvalho K.M., Caetano J.Á.	Creation and validation of an educational video for deaf people about cardiopulmonary resuscitation	Thus, attention to the safety of the scene in the video is important to contribute to the dissemination of this necessary precaution. .
Peterson M.	Living with difference in hyper-diverse areas: how important are encounters in semi-public spaces? Vécu de la différence dans les quartiers hyper-divers : importance des rencontres dans les espaces semi-publics El vivir con lo diferente en zonas excesivamente diversas: ¿cuán importantes son los encuentros en espacios semi-públicos?	This has the additional effect of increased feelings of safety and control in the neighbourhood. .
Beauchet O., Cooper-Brown L., Hayashi Y., Galery K., Vilcocq C., Bastien T.	Effects of thursdays at the Museum at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts on the mental and physical health of older community dwellers: The art-health randomized clinical trial protocol	In addition, to minimize potential risks, the RCT is conducted in compliance with Good Clinical Practices (GCP), providing assurance that the rights, safety, and well-being of participants are protected. .
Collazo A.A.	Progress, mobility and Urban regeneration in a traditional neighbourhood: El Encino, Mexico	The clue to preserve the site is the inclusion of friendly urban renovations in the city planning, in order to make the place a quieter place to live in, decreasing the context of vulnerability. .
Guariguata L., Rouwette E.A.J.A., Murphy M.M., Ville A.S., Dunn L.L., Hickey G.M., Jones W., Samuels T.A., Unwin N.	Using group model building to describe the system driving unhealthy eating and identify intervention points: A participatory, stakeholder engagement approach in the Caribbean	Ideally the model helps to prevent or limit the severity of unintended consequences. .
Gillam T.	Enhancing public mental health and wellbeing through creative arts participation	This definition also reminds us that there is a responsibility on organisers and facilitators of such activities to ensure people feel safe. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Measuring changes in subjective well‑being from engagement in the arts, culture and sport	In some cases, though, the results may simply reflect the activity itself, e.g. the relationship observed between being more physically active through participation in sport and health satisfaction. .
Rice L., Drane M.	Indicators of Healthy Architecture—a Systematic Literature Review	The design of the built environment plays an important role as a determinant of health. .
Punzi L., Chia M., Cipolletta S., Dolcetti C., Galozzi P., Giovinazzi O., Tonolo S., Zava R., Pazzaglia F.	The role of architectural design for rheumatic patients’ wellbeing: The point of view of environmental psychology	An interdisciplinary approach to environment, health and well-being Taking care of places where people live, work or spend their leisure time practically means to be able to support them throughout their life. .
Punzi L., Chia M., Cipolletta S., Dolcetti C., Galozzi P., Giovinazzi O., Tonolo S., Zava R., Pazzaglia F.	The role of architectural design for rheumatic patients’ wellbeing: The point of view of environmental psychology	In the coming years public health and the quality of the environment may be influenced also by living conditions in cities, public and private spaces, political choices, urban planning approaches, architectural design criteria, regulatory and structural interventions, and promotion of lifestyles intended to protect the health of citizens and the quality of the environment in which they live. .
de Paiva A., Jedon R.	Short- and long-term effects of architecture on the brain: Toward theoretical formalization	Neuroarchitecture studies can also help to improve the design of buildings and cities and improve health and wellbeing on the short and long term..
Mc L.J., Harrison I.R.	The effects of built environment design on opportunities for wellbeing in care homes	Aim of the study Having identified the possibility of improving resident wellbeing through support and enablement for daily activities, this study explores how the built environment affects the activities of care home residents. .
Ho H.C.Y., Mui M., Wan A., Ng Y.-L., Stewart S.M., Yew C., Lam T.H., Chan S.S.	Happy Family Kitchen II: A cluster randomized controlled trial of a community-based positive psychology family intervention for subjective happiness and health-related quality of life in Hong Kong	Future studies that modify the positive psychology intervention by tailoring to behavioral changes in physical exercise and healthy diet may improve the physical quality of life as well. .
Jones M., Kimberlee R., Deave T., Evans S.	The role of community centre-based arts, leisure and social activities in promoting adult well-being and healthy lifestyles	This reflects a reorientation towards promoting healthy behaviours and well-being, and pro-active investment to avoid future ill health costs. .
Douka S., Zilidou V.I., Lilou O., Manou V.	Traditional dance improves the physical fitness and well-being of the elderly	Maintaining their physical fitness and functional capacity at satisfactory levels, lead them to a more qualitative and independent lifestyle while the risk of various diseases is reduced. .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	With the link between wellbeing, social inclusion and physical health being widely accepted, this research makes a contribution by identifying how such schemes are beneficial. .
Ander E.E., Thomson L.J.M., Blair K., Noble G., Menon U., Lanceley A., Chatterjee H.J.	Using museum objects to improve wellbeing in mental health service users and neurological rehabilitation clients	Qualitative analysis considered the ways in which improvements in reported wellbeing, health, social and physical functioning resulting from the sessions might have occurred. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Participation in community activities is recognised as a protective factor in relation to health outcomes. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	When designing future research on health and well-being, this model offers an interesting framework and has clear implications for practice. .
Hambright-Belue S., Holland M.J.	Social impact through design: Experiments in urban agriculture	The synergy between increasing access to fresh food and the availability to live an active lifestyle addresses the health issues found in at-risk communities from a holistic and common sense perspective. .
Criss S., Kleinmann M.	Dotte agency: A participatory design model for community health	Rather than responding to acute disease in the setting of an emergency room, adapting the built environment to support active, healthy lifestyles is a more efficient and equitable form of health care, and is at the heart of preventive medicine. .
Racicot-Matta, C.; Wilcke, M.; Egeland, G., M.	Development of radio dramas for health communication pilot intervention in Canadian Inuit communities.	This training has resulted in members of the community with the skills to produce or arrange production of further health promotion programmes. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Teachers identified educational benefits to schoolchildren in several areas including language development, creativity and social skills. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	The arts project has played a valuable role in revitalising these social links, helping bring about a Summer Gala involving half of all residents in 1996, in addition to its regular programmes of workshops for adults and children. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Principal among these was support for vulnerable people in the community, personal empowerment and health promotion through education. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	They have the capacity to contribute to health and social support of vulnerable people, and to education. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	The participants at the workshop identified six social effects of culture, arts, and heritage: enhancing understanding and capacity for action; creating and retaining identity; modifying values and preferences for collective choice; building social cohesion; contributing to community development; and fostering civic participation. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Individual Impacts Regarding the individual impacts of cultural activities affecting people throughout engagement, the main identified topics of impact were, according to the review, cognitive development, attitudinal changes, perceptions and motivation, health improvements and wellbeing. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Specifically, with these active and instructive occupations the institution aims to induce social education and enhance citizenship building. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Volunteering, organizing an arts group, serving on a board, and other forms of stewardship are important ways to build community organizational capacity, identify and develop leaders, and engender a variety of skills needed for community action. .
Sandell, R.,	Social inclusion, the museum and the dynamics of sectoral change.	Much of the impetus for the development of projects aimed at social inclusion has come out of education and outreach teams. .
Australian Expert Group in Industry Studies , AEGIS,	Social impacts of Participation in the Arts and Cultural Activities	In a general sense, this focus encourages attempts to develop programs that develop social capacity and social cohesion and inclusion through cultural activities. .
Felton E., Vichie K., Moore E.	Widening participation creatively: creative arts education for social inclusion	The findings support an engagement model that employs creativity and uses student facilitators (undergraduate and postgraduate) to deliver the program, to meet the program's aims. .
Trevino Sherk J., Cobreros Rodriguez C.	Rural democratic design: Participatory design and service learning strategies in sustainable development to promote civic mindedness in community development	These workshops helped to address complexities, empower community, and balance the need to preserve natural/cultural resources. .
Ho H.C.Y., Mui M., Wan A., Ng Y.-L., Stewart S.M., Yew C., Lam T.H., Chan S.S.	Happy Family Kitchen II: A cluster randomized controlled trial of a community-based positive psychology family intervention for subjective happiness and health-related quality of life in Hong Kong	Furthermore, the tools of community engagement and involvement enabled the service units and schools to develop the programs according to the characteristics and needs of their participants. .
Ploner J., Jones L.	Learning to belong? ‘Culture’ and ‘place making’ among children and young people in Hull, UK City of Culture 2017	A variety of cultural events were specifically designed for children, and a Learning and Participation team was formed to implement an ambitious educational programme at schools across the city. .
Ploner J., Jones L.	Learning to belong? ‘Culture’ and ‘place making’ among children and young people in Hull, UK City of Culture 2017	Embedded in a wide-ranging cultural engagement programme facilitated through schools, community organisations, cultural institutions, and volunteering schemes, it was anticipated that place making would particularly resonate with children and young people and help to instil confidence and sense of belonging among these age groups. .
Mckenzie M., Hutton T.	Culture-led Regeneration in the Post-industrial Built Environment: Complements and Contradictions in Victory Square, Vancouver	Furthermore, by its own means, the University has made contributions to the community by projects such as improvement of the roads, afforestation of park area, and training of the community and especially the youth and children thereof. .
Ritchie A., Gaulter A.	Dancing towards belonging: the use of a dance intervention to influence migrant pupils’ sense of belonging in school	This guidance suggests that schools contribute to SOB through the curriculum (e.g. teaching citizenship and life-skills), by encouraging equality, and through engagement of extended services. .
Núñez S.	Medicinal drumming: An ancient and modern day healing approach	Initially, the practice was designed to engage at risk youth in positive community building, cultural affirmation, and age appropriate intervention. .
Twedt E., Proffitt D.R., Hearn D.L.	Art and aging: Digital projects for individuals with dementia	In action teaching, assignments are created that simultaneously benefit students and society by directly connecting classroom material to a community intervention. .
Waddington-Jones C., King A., Burnard P.	Exploring wellbeing and creativity through collaborative composition as part of hull 2017 city of culture	This way of working draws upon the composers expertise not only in composition but also in facilitating, and ultimately empowering, their participants. .
Yonas M.A., Burke J.G., Miller E.	Visual Voices: A Participatory Method for Engaging Adolescents in Research and Knowledge Transfer	It is an arts-based participatory and developmentally appropriate research method that can be used to integrate adolescents and entire community expertise into the research process and to facilitate equitable involvement in the generation of practice and policy changes. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Jetten J., Rowan C.	Identification with arts-based groups improves mental wellbeing in adults with chronic mental health conditions	The programmes were community-based and facilitated by arts professionals. .
Pearce E., Launay J., Machin A., Dunbar R.I.M.	Is Group Singing Special? Health, Well-Being and Social Bonds in Community-Based Adult Education Classes	Nonetheless, these findings encourage further work to refine our understanding of the social aspects of community-based adult education classes in promoting health, well-being and community cohesion. .
Pearce E., Launay J., Machin A., Dunbar R.I.M.	Is Group Singing Special? Health, Well-Being and Social Bonds in Community-Based Adult Education Classes	These classes were run by a national charity that promotes lifelong learning in the community (the Workers Educational Association, WEA) and took place in venues utilised by the local community, including a library, community halls and a school. .
Hambright-Belue S., Holland M.J.	Social impact through design: Experiments in urban agriculture	CONCLUSION The projects detailed beforehand address issues of social justice that are invaluable tools in the context of a design school, as it allows us as educators to inform our students to become engaged and socially empathic citizens. .
Criss S., Kleinmann M.	Dotte agency: A participatory design model for community health	In fact, the history of social impact design practices is rich with examples of pioneering architects that have successfully navigated academia, nonprofit, and private practice to enrich the field of community design. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	Community ownership is ultimately important with arts projects working in regeneration as it facilitates a process of local control. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	Results show that when social capital is accounted for, cultural capital derived from sports participation was positively associated with subjective well-being and social support. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	I wanted to be part of this project because of the work with different community for developing the performance. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	In considering enhancement of image, identity and sense of place, Istanbul should become a pioneering city of Turkey/Europe by improving image and reputation towards the city; improving local sense of belonging for the area; improving sense of pride due to local traditions and cultures; demonstrating a positive change in the image of local government; improving cultural activities as a tool for understanding different political perspectives; positively affecting the psychology of individuals through cultural activities. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	What is important is not the creation of astounding platforms, but the process itself: the way of building up a sense of belonging of a community, that responds to the desire to be the centre of attention, the feeling of empowerment (no matter the way) and personal satisfaction, the idea of being involved in a journey (not only personal, but also collective), the opportunity to have fun. .
Windle, G.; Gregory, S.; Howson-Griffiths, T.; Newman, A.; O Brien, D.; Gouldin, A.	Exploring the theoretical foundations of visual art programmes for people living with dementia	The qualitative data enhanced evidence for the outcome of social connectedness, with the public celebration of achievements being an important way for bringing people together. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Local festivals and other celebrations should be promoted in order to strengthen the local identity. .
Forbes M.	“We’re pushing back”: Group singing, social identity, and caring for a spouse with Parkinson’s	She derives great satisfaction from seeing people enjoy the group which she established. .
Žilič Fišer S., Kožuh I.	The Impact of Cultural Events on Community Reputation and Pride in Maribor, The European Capital of Culture 2012	Moreover, community reputation and community pride may depend on the level of citizens participation. .
Zhang, Y.; Tzortzopoulos, P.; Kagioglou, M.	Healing built-environment effects on health outcomes: environment–occupant–health framework.	relaxing atmosphere: healthcare environments can be stressful, hence appropriate sensory stimulation for given situations in spaces can strengthen the positive (and/or weaken the negative) impacts The term holistic refers to the fact that the framework supports the consideration of the interactive effects of various HBE factors. .
Huang, S., F.; Zheng, W., L.; Liao, J., Y.; Huang, C., M.; Lin, T.,Y.; Guo, J., L.	The effectiveness of a theory-based drama intervention in preventing illegal drug use among students aged 14–15 years in Taiwan.	Although the process may be time-consuming, the effects can be beneficial. .
Grossi, E.; Blessi, G. T.; Sacco, P.L.	Magic moments: Determinants of stress relief and subjective wellbeing from visiting a cultural heritage site.	This implies, among other things, that even people for whom we hardly can expect an increase of well-being as a result of aesthetic experiences due to high baseline values, can nevertheless benefit from it in terms of stress reduction. .
Richards, G., ; Wilson , J.,	Social Capital, Cultural Festivals and Tourism in Catalunya	The feeling of safety in public space was obviously of importance to the participants in underpinning feelings of happiness and freedom. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	This quality of lighting, can improve the peoples perceptions and attitudes towards the feeling of security. .
Badham, M.,	Cultural Indicators: Tools for Community Engagement?	Smiling encourages people to feel more connected with each other and safer, so it reduces fear of crime, an important element in the quality of life of many neighborhoods. .
Nielsen J.H., Overgaard C.	Healing architecture and Snoezelen in delivery room design: A qualitative study of womens birth experiences and patient-centeredness of care	The environment furthermore seemed to provide opportunities for physical comfort and relaxation, which helped the women cope and their sense of being in control. .
Tymoszuk U., Perkins R., Spiro N., Williamon A., Fancourt D.	Longitudinal associations between short-term, repeated, and sustained arts engagement and well-being outcomes in Older Adults	There is thus a need to investigate sustainable ways of promoting well-being in later life. .
Camic P.M., Baker E.L., Tischler V.	Theorizing how art gallery interventions impact people with dementia and their caregivers	The intervention stimulated social interaction and positive affect, which, in turn, enabled a sense of respite in caregivers daily lives. .
Vetter D., Barth J., Uyulmaz S., Uyulmaz S., Vonlanthen R., Belli G., Montorsi M., Bismuth H., Witt C.M., Clavien P.-A.	Effects of art on surgical patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis	Interior design features such as nature images and more spacious rooms, and architectural features providing more sunlight had positive effects on anxiety and postoperative pain. .
Vetter D., Barth J., Uyulmaz S., Uyulmaz S., Vonlanthen R., Belli G., Montorsi M., Bismuth H., Witt C.M., Clavien P.-A.	Effects of art on surgical patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis	Interior design features such as nature images and more spacious rooms, and architectural features providing more sunlight had positive effects on anxiety and postoperative pain. .
Vetter D., Barth J., Uyulmaz S., Uyulmaz S., Vonlanthen R., Belli G., Montorsi M., Bismuth H., Witt C.M., Clavien P.-A.	Effects of art on surgical patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis	Regarding architectural features, providing a spacious, friendly, light-flooded hospital architecture may improve patient health, as measured by patient activity, pain, anxiety, and even mortality. .
Tamplin J., Clark I.N., Lee Y.-E.C., Baker F.A.	Remini-sing: A feasibility study of therapeutic group singing to support relationship quality and wellbeing for community-dwelling people living with dementia and their family caregivers	We also wanted to measure positive aspects of wellbeing for FCGs such as life satisfaction and flourishing. .
McNaughton A., Aldington S., Williams G., Levack W.M.M.	Sing Your Lungs Out: A qualitative study of a community singing group for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)	The unexpected finding of themes of right space and being cared for appeared to contribute to the positive effects on health and well-being. .
Newman A., Goulding A., Davenport B., Windle G.	The role of the visual arts in the resilience of people living with dementia in care homes	This aimed to create a positive enjoyable experience for those taking part. .
Newman A., Goulding A., Davenport B., Windle G.	The role of the visual arts in the resilience of people living with dementia in care homes	Here, creative activities can be seen to make respondents more resilient while undertaking the activity than they might have been otherwise. .
Lee K.L., Mustaffa M.S., Tan S.Y.	Visual arts in counselling adults with depressive disorders	These findings indicate that for her, most sessions were effective and valuable, and she felt relaxed as well as comfortable during those sessions. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	It increases one's enjoyment of life, to be giving more attention to these things. .
Pollay R.W.	Targeting youth and concerned smokers: Evidence from Canadian tobacco industry documents	It has sought to induce large numbers of young people to view smoking as attractive, counteracting health education. .
Guariguata L., Rouwette E.A.J.A., Murphy M.M., Ville A.S., Dunn L.L., Hickey G.M., Jones W., Samuels T.A., Unwin N.	Using group model building to describe the system driving unhealthy eating and identify intervention points: A participatory, stakeholder engagement approach in the Caribbean	This was represented by a feedback loop where more people eating unhealthy foods creates an environment where those eating patterns are acceptable and encouraged, thus further driving up the number of people eating unhealthy foods. .
Dunphy, K.; Baker, F. A.; Dumaresq, E.; Carroll-Haskins, K.; Eickholt, J.; Ercole, M.; Kaimal, G.; Meyer, K.; Sajnani, N.; Shamir, O.Y.; Wosch, T.	Creative Arts Interventions to Address Depression in Older Adults: A Systematic Review of Outcomes, Processes, and Mechanisms	This may be accompanied by self-critical thinking, which can exacerbate a depressed state. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	It would be unwise to build too much on individual cases, but any contribution which participation in the arts can make to alleviating such feelings, however difficult to measure, is obviously valuable. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	It was a sort of like a respite thing - the caregivers art group as a space of freedom to allow caregivers to do their own things Respite refers to a temporary period of rest or relief from something difficult or distressing. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	Caring was very much experienced as depleting coping reserves, and the art-making group offered a temporary respite. .
Kelly M., Rivas C., Foell J., Llewellyn-Dunn J., England D., Cocciadiferro A., Hull S.	Unmasking quality: Exploring meanings of health by doing art	Group discussions built on the self-assurance gained from doing craft work together and talking in a relaxed way with a common purpose. .
Reynolds F., Vivat B., Prior S.	Womens experiences of increasing subjective well-being in CFS/ME through leisure-based arts and crafts activities: A qualitative study	Small arts and crafts projects offered manageable and satisfying ways of filling the occupational voids created by CFS/ME, and offered opportunities to be creative. .
Reynolds F., Vivat B., Prior S.	Womens experiences of increasing subjective well-being in CFS/ME through leisure-based arts and crafts activities: A qualitative study	Once established as a leisure activity, art-making provided a psychological escape from a physically and socially circumscribed lifeworld. .
Abbing A., Ponstein A., van Hooren S., de Sonneville L., Swaab H., Baars E.	The effectiveness of art therapy for anxiety in adults: A systematic review of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials	This was done in a setting simulating an art center where students could use art materials to relieve stress. .
Abbing A., Ponstein A., van Hooren S., de Sonneville L., Swaab H., Baars E.	The effectiveness of art therapy for anxiety in adults: A systematic review of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials	1) using art-making as a pleasant and relaxing activity; .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	(Interview with member of long-term visual arts group) Another participant believed that focusing on art reduces his anxiety about his health: I probably think about the art more that I think about my health. .
Bridger A.J., Emmanouil S., Lawthom R.	Trace.space: a psychogeographical community project with members of an arts and health organisation	One participant found the relaxation techniques to be highly enjoyable and set them in the mood for creating. .
Williamson V.J., Bonshor M.	Wellbeing in brass bands: The benefits and challenges of group music making	When stressed, going to a rehearsal calms me and helps me revalue what I was stressed about. .
Wyatt M., Liggett S.	The Potential of Painting: Unlocking Disenfranchised Grief for People Living With Dementia	The presence of the artist researcher as witness helped restore confidence and placed them in a more relaxed frame of mind, opening them up to the creativity within them. .
Lee K.L., Mustaffa M.S., Tan S.Y.	Visual arts in counselling adults with depressive disorders	(Potter) Feelings of satisfaction After completing a few pieces of artwork in their counselling sessions, all the participants were able to feel more comfortable and positive to the art-making activities. .
Lee K.L., Mustaffa M.S., Tan S.Y.	Visual arts in counselling adults with depressive disorders	He even pointed out that this counselling method made him feel relief and lightness in his inner self to a great extent. .
Lee K.L., Mustaffa M.S., Tan S.Y.	Visual arts in counselling adults with depressive disorders	(Shawn) Some participants found that they would feel relieved and cheerful after expressing their negative emotions through art in their counselling process. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	Since retiring, her artistic projects had become important for providing a new source of satisfaction: That sense of challenge and learning.it's helped me through a lot of what could have been very dead periods, you know. .
Kaimal, G.; Gonzaga, A., M.; Schwachter, V.	Crafting, health and wellbeing: findings from the survey of public participation in the arts and considerations for art therapists.	Crafting does involve considerations of mastery and skill building, and therapists need to be sensitive to the implications of these endeavors. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	More simply, it is people learning to create art together, to make sense of their situation, and to find ways to improve things. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Theoretical Insights on Cognitive Benefits We selected works that would enable us to (1)identify the key components of the learning process and (2) discuss how the arts and arts participation can trigger cognitive benefits. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	This review thus focuses more on determining how the arts promote learning and learning skills than on presenting a general theory of learning and human cognition. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	This work gave me the opportunity to better understand a creative process. .
Windle, G.; Gregory, S.; Howson-Griffiths, T.; Newman, A.; O Brien, D.; Gouldin, A.	Exploring the theoretical foundations of visual art programmes for people living with dementia	The theoretical model suggests the art activity is cognitively stimulating, consequently further research could assess of cognitive function. .
Saavedra J., Arias S., Crawford P., Pérez E.	Impact of creative workshops for people with severe mental health problems: art as a means of recovery	This discussion was facilitated by the art facilitator who in some instances asked questions to facilitate reflections and critical thinking. .
Saavedra J., Arias S., Crawford P., Pérez E.	Impact of creative workshops for people with severe mental health problems: art as a means of recovery	This emphasis on discursive and pragmatic aspects, attention training and the effect of release from rumination suggests a value to cognitive rehabilitation through creative practice. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	For instance, by engaging in practices that build upon and develop ones capacity of psychological flexibility, the dynamic underlying quality of the brains neural plasticity is activated and compelled towards that which the particular practices are directed. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	Cognitive stimulation was noted in terms of keeping the brain active, learning a new skill, being challenged mentally and technically and improving concentration and memory. .
Kizuk R.A.	Journaling and the creative writing workshop in counseling and recovery of adult participants	The findings provide a initial but profound exploration into art facilitators' pragmatic knowledge and wisdom related to the health and recovery benefits of art making in the area of counselling and guidance. .
Windle G., Newman A., Burholt V., Woods B., OBrien D., Baber M., Hounsome B., Parkinson C., Tischler V.	Dementia and Imagination: A mixed-methods protocol for arts and science research	In turn, the artefact can provide cognitive stimulation. .
Young R., Camic P.M., Tischler V.	The impact of community-based arts and health interventions on cognition in people with dementia: A systematic literature review	All the studies suggested, however, that arts-based activities had a positive impact on cognitive processes, in particular on attention, stimulation of memories, enhanced communication and engagement with creative activities.Conclusion: The existent literature suggests that arts activities are helpful interventions within dementia care. .
Young R., Camic P.M., Tischler V.	The impact of community-based arts and health interventions on cognition in people with dementia: A systematic literature review	Their theory posits that interest in the arts leads to motivation, which in turn leads to sustained attention; it is argued that improvements in attention lead to improvements in other cognitive processes. .
Kaimal, G.; Gonzaga, A., M.; Schwachter, V.	Crafting, health and wellbeing: findings from the survey of public participation in the arts and considerations for art therapists.	Several clients reported more positive mood outcomes when they engaged with crafting. .
Pérez-Sáez, E.; Cabrero-Montes, E., M.; Llorente-Cano, M.; González-Ingelmo, E.	A pilot study on the impact of a pottery workshop on the well-being of people with dementia.	In addition, we expect those attending the pottery workshop to improve their mood states after each session, and by the end of the programme to show an improvement in their self-esteem. .
Pérez-Sáez, E.; Cabrero-Montes, E., M.; Llorente-Cano, M.; González-Ingelmo, E.	A pilot study on the impact of a pottery workshop on the well-being of people with dementia.	During the pottery workshop sessions, the participants manifested a positive affect and well-being that was reflected in the high scores in the domains pleasure, self-esteem and normalcy, as well as in the low scores for the domains negative affect and sadness. .
Pérez-Sáez, E.; Cabrero-Montes, E., M.; Llorente-Cano, M.; González-Ingelmo, E.	A pilot study on the impact of a pottery workshop on the well-being of people with dementia.	The assessments of well-being conducted over the ten sessions of the programme suggest that taking part in a creative arts activity may improve several aspects of wellbeing (such as interest and sustained attention, and especially self-esteem and a sense of normalcy) over a period of several weeks. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	the artistic act is a deliberate response to a felt need. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Artists often feel they should be positive and know the solutions. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	In the HDA case studies, improvements in well being were commonly reported by projects to include enhanced motivation, greater connectedness to others, having a more positive outlook on life and a reduced sense of fear, isolation or anxiety. .
Richards, A. G.; Tietyen, A.C.; Jicha, G.A.; Bardach, S.H.; Schmitt, F.A.; Fardo, D.W.; Kryscio, R.J.; Abner, E.L.	Visual Arts Education improves self-esteem for persons with dementia and reduces caregiver burden: A randomized controlled trial.	Perhaps the improved self-esteem of the persons with ADRD meant a more positive outlook in general, relieving stress or anxieties on the part of the caregiver. .
Hacking, S.; Secker, J.; Spandler, H.; Kent, L.; Shenton, J.	Evaluating the impact of participatory art projects for people with mental health needs.	For instance, a question for the empowerment rating relating to selfworth: Has being involved in your art project helped you to feel you are a more worthwhile person? .
Binnie, J.	Does Viewing Art in the Museum Reduce Anxiety and Improve Wellbeing?	One participant from this group, said that if someone is able to connect with the art then it probably would, which suggests that the visitors feeling of how well they understand the artwork, or are able to find meaning in it, is an important factor in feeling comfortable and satisfied with the experience. .
Fancourt D., Baxter L., Lorencatto F.	Barriers and enablers to engagement in participatory arts activities amongst individuals with depression and anxiety: Quantitative analyses using a behaviour change framework	People with depression and anxiety both reported that enhanced feelings of capability would encourage them to engage more with arts activities. .
Kim D.	The effects of a combined physical activity, recreation, and art and craft program on ADL, cognition, and depression in the elderly	In particular, reduced depression in elderly women is thought to be closely associated with improved self-esteem through diverse and creative art and craft programs favored especially by women. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	It felt good doing art work - an accumulation of positive influences of art-making on mood and identity All four participants were enthusiastic about the creative art-making group, expressing not only pleasure in engaging the creative process but a deep sense of self-affirmation. .
Reynolds F., Vivat B., Prior S.	Womens experiences of increasing subjective well-being in CFS/ME through leisure-based arts and crafts activities: A qualitative study	Art-making encourages hope for the future Participants regarded their art-making as helping to create hope for the future, as they looked forward with interest to further projects, rather than feeling totally trapped by functional limitations and defined by their ill-heath. .
la Cour K., Josephsson S., Luborsky M.	Creating connections of life during life-threatening illness: Creative activity experienced by elderly people and occupational therapists	A primary benefit of engaging in creative activity was identified as experience of joy. .
Hanson K.	Positive Psychology for Overcoming Symptoms of Depression: A Pilot Study Exploring the Efficacy of a Positive Psychology Self-Help Book versus a CBT Self-Help Book	The study was advertised online via Action for Happiness and it is possible that participants expected to feel happier and less depressed as a result of taking part in a study endorsed by this organization. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	It gives you a sense of wellbeing if you do a good painting or if you do a good piece of sculpture with clay. .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	Other benefits of participating in the arts projects were described in terms of giving purpose, meaning and hope, increased confidence, a sense of achievement, pride and satisfaction, as well as confidence and self-esteem and the ability to rebuild an identity beyond that of being a service user (Secker et al., 2007). .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	It is most likely a state of being that is difficult to access for individuals with mental health problems, which makes arts engagements even more significant in terms of therapeutic values and feelings of empowerment. .
Mastandrea S., Fagioli S., Biasi V.	Art and psychological well-being: Linking the brain to the aesthetic emotion	Alternatively, it may be that experiencing positive aesthetic emotions is not only the outcome of a special empathetic state provoked by the artwork but may depend on the level of perceived ambiguity in the artwork itself. .
Deane K., Fitch M., Carman M.	An innovative art therapy program for cancer patients.	Comments were elicited about the organization of sessions and the enjoyment and satisfaction derived from the art therapy program in relation to its strengths and weaknesses. .
Waddington-Jones C., King A., Burnard P.	Exploring wellbeing and creativity through collaborative composition as part of hull 2017 city of culture	Since the participants found the workshops uplifting and fun, it seems likely that their participation in the workshops will have increased their subjective wellbeing. .
Forbes M.	“We’re pushing back”: Group singing, social identity, and caring for a spouse with Parkinson’s	This approach frames social identity as having important consequences for health and wellbeing strong social identification fulfills psychological needs in the form of belonging, meaning, support, efficacy, and agency. .
Moss H., Lynch J., O’Donoghue J.	Exploring the perceived health benefits of singing in a choir: an international cross-sectional mixed-methods study	It has significantly improved my mental health, giving me more confidence and less anxiety. .
Bernard M., Rickett M., Pruchno R.	The cultural value of older peoples experiences of theater-making: A review	Participants report decreased anxiety, decreased loneliness, increased self-confidence and self-esteem, and increased sense of value and purpose. .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Joice S., Kroll T., Mead G., Donnan P., Toma M., Williams B.	Art participation for psychosocial wellbeing during stroke rehabilitation: a feasibility randomised controlled trial	The focus on positive affect reflects the selected definition of emotional wellbeing and the potential impact of art identified from previous literature. .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Joice S., Kroll T., Mead G., Donnan P., Toma M., Williams B.	Art participation for psychosocial wellbeing during stroke rehabilitation: a feasibility randomised controlled trial	Perception of control over recovery was identified in earlier qualitative work as a positive benefit of art participation. .
Schneider J.	The arts as a medium for care and self-care in dementia: Arguments and evidence	This impact can be direct, by bringing emotional release or pleasure to the person affected. .
Windle G., Joling K.J., Howson-Griffiths T., Woods B., Jones C.H., Van De Ven P.M., Newman A., Parkinson C.	The impact of a visual arts program on quality of life, communication, and well-being of people living with dementia: A mixed-methods longitudinal investigation	Participants also identified that even if they did not perceive their own work as aesthetically pleasing, they conveyed pleasure in the process of engaging with making art, and many expressed pride in their sense of achievement. .
Secker J., Heydinrych K., Kent L., Keay J.	Why art? Exploring the contribution to mental well-being of the creative aspects and processes of visual art-making in an arts and mental health course	Since a key aim is to help people feel comfortable and relaxed, the roles of the arts facilitator and volunteer include chatting with participants and being mindful of whether they seem settled and happy, or need any help. .
Cárdenas R.E., Barriga A.P., Lizama J.I.	Artistic expression as a teaching strategy for the development of affectivity and self-esteem in people with Intellectual Disabilities and Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) La expresión artística como estrategia didáctica para el desarrollo de la afectividad y la autoestima en una persona con Discapacidad Intelectual y Síndrome Alcohólico Fetal (SAF)	Carrying out workshops and practical activities designed from emotional expectations, personal experiences around affectivity and their relationship with the closest world, is a professional and family commitment that raises the quality of life of people with disabilities to the height of their dignity (Garda, D^az & Fernandez, 2013, p. 7). 4. Self-esteem Self-esteem refers to the need for respect and self-confidence, the desire to be accepted and valued by others. People become more self-confident by having a high level of positive self-esteem, because it improves mental health (anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, personality disorders) and quality of life (Navas, Uhlmann & Berastegui, 2014, p. 36), neutralizing the feelings of inferiority that are continually exposed, allowing to accentuate a satisfactory perception of life, promoting personal autonomy, establishing interpersonal, social and cultural relationships in an equal and satisfactory manner with personal well-being and environment (Alcantara, 1993). Through artistic expression, the artist with a disability projects his or her level of identity and provokes reactions in the viewer, whether positive or negative. The return of these reactions gives feedback to the artist, causing him to stimulate his level of self-esteem, favoring the use of his internal resources, discovering himself within all his possibilities, enhancing his value as a person in the social environment (Ballesta, Vizcamo & Tables, 2011, p. 150). Likewise, Lilia Polo (2000) states that artistic creation allows us to reach to the most secret and unspeakable feelings; play with the limits, overcome them through creative fantasy, dialogue with the real and the fictitious, take a trip back to the origins and come back to tell it (p. 312). .
Windle G., Newman A., Burholt V., Woods B., OBrien D., Baber M., Hounsome B., Parkinson C., Tischler V.	Dementia and Imagination: A mixed-methods protocol for arts and science research	The research questions ask: Can art improve quality of life and well-being? .
Kabel A., Teti M., Zhang N.	The art of resilience: photo-stories of inspiration and strength among people with HIV/AIDS	Participants report decreased anxiety, decreased loneliness, increased self-confidence and self-esteem, and increased sense of value and purpose. .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Toma M., Kroll T., Joice S., Mead G., Donnan P., Williams B.	Feasibility study of the effects of art as a creative engagement intervention during stroke rehabilitation on improvement of psychosocial outcomes: Study protocol for a single blind randomized controlled trial: The ACES study	Confidence was inferred by the qualitative study as a route by which art participation improved recovery, self-esteem and mood. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	They revealed that creative art-making introduces a rich occupational texture into daily life, resulting in cognitive stimulation, social connectedness and ultimately a positive identity resistant to the stigma that is too commonly attached to ageing and ill-health..
Douka S., Zilidou V.I., Lilou O., Manou V.	Traditional dance improves the physical fitness and well-being of the elderly	Improving or maintaining their nutritional status combined with exercise is associated with many benefits, including increased physical fitness and strength, reducing the incidence of sarcopenia, reducing functional loss and rehabilitation of musculoskeletal injuries, reducing the risk of falls and/or their frequency. .
Dunphy, K.; Baker, F. A.; Dumaresq, E.; Carroll-Haskins, K.; Eickholt, J.; Ercole, M.; Kaimal, G.; Meyer, K.; Sajnani, N.; Shamir, O.Y.; Wosch, T.	Creative Arts Interventions to Address Depression in Older Adults: A Systematic Review of Outcomes, Processes, and Mechanisms	Processes relating to social relationships are described as interaction through playing of instruments, promotion of empathic relationships, increased communication, and reduced social isolation. .
Kaimal, G.; Gonzaga, A., M.; Schwachter, V.	Crafting, health and wellbeing: findings from the survey of public participation in the arts and considerations for art therapists.	Crafting, either brought in by the client or introduced by the art therapist, can be a means of learning together, practicing socialization, and enhancing creative expression and meaning making around self-awareness and affect regulation. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	New confidence and skills; new friendships and social opportunities; co-operation towards achievement; involvement in consultation and local democracy; affirmation and questioning of identity; strengthening commitment to place; intercultural links; positive risk-taking these and the other social impacts which this study has identified are crucial means of fighting social exclusion. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	The Secker et al. study on participatory arts projects developed in England with people with mental health needs, demonstrated that arts initiatives are opportunities for social contact that allow dealing with stigmas of isolation and for building bonds that contribute to social inclusion (Secker et al. 2007). .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	These community-level social effects are attitudinal changes within a community in forms of socialization and civilising processes, which helps people to find shared interests and opportunities for connection that can promote collective action to reaching a bottom-up process of community intervention - community revitalisation. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	At the light of the previous chain of community-level social impacts, cultural activities by being favourable to social interaction and connections, to the development of leadership and organizational skills, by encouraging trust and the adoption of common values when pursuing specific agendas, can induce social capital formation. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	These particular projects show that engagement in arts and culture activity can develop a sense of belonging to a place, where ex-offenders are supported to re-enter society and potential offenders have a space to work on their social problems. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Its a really good opportunity to foster the sense of belonging to the project, to work with different people, to test new tools and keep in touch with different ways of engaging communities, to enhance the relationship among our networks staff members. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	For artists Several projects attempted to address the shortage of artists with the skills and experience needed to work in social inclusion contexts by building in an element of training provision. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	The following indicators are common human capital outcomes from community arts projects: Improved communication skills Increased ability in planning and organising Increased problem solving skills Improved ability to collect, organise and analyse information Developed creative talents Before examining human capital outcomes from community arts projects in more detail, it is important to explore the concept of learning for human development. .
Horton, S., ; Spence, J.,	Scoping the economic and social impact of archives.	The categorisation of social impact also reflects a simplified terminology where: Independence = the ability of individuals, particularly younger and older people to live independent lives Empowerment = enabling individual / community awareness of rights and benefits Healthy Lifestyle = enabling individuals to make informed lifestyle choices Participation = supporting social and civic engagement Cultural Diversity / Identity = supporting group cultural diversity / identity Family Ties = encouraging family / group cohesion Care & Recovery = supporting group / community care and recovery Social Empathy = improving inter-group dialogue and understanding Capacity = enabling the capacity of groups / communities to act Safer Communities = sustaining safe and secure environments This taxonomy is not presented in a traditional taxonomic form but as a series of cumulative changes affecting individuals, organisations / groups, communities and society over time. .
Merli, P.,	Evaluating the social impact of participation in arts activities. A critical review of François Matarasso’s “Use or Ornament?”	This is quite evident in some of his hypotheses, such as: participation in the arts can promote tolerance and contribute to conflict resolution, or can provide a route to rehabilitation and integration for offenders, or can help people feel a sense of belonging and involvement, or can be an effective means of health education, or can extend involvement in social activity. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	The motivating and supportive functions of the group and the tutors (or group facilitators) in community art interventions have been noted in other studies (e.g. Camic et al., 2014; Lawson et al., 2014), and clearly rely on the facilitators skills not only in presenting interesting art projects but managing group dynamics to enhance the experience of mutual support, respect and sharing. .
Jones M., Kimberlee R., Deave T., Evans S.	The role of community centre-based arts, leisure and social activities in promoting adult well-being and healthy lifestyles	Mental wellbeing groups focused on art and craft activities and friendship-building activities. .
Horghagen S., Josephsson S., Alsaker S.	The use of craft activities as an occupational therapy treatment modality in Norway during 1952-1960	The production of craft activities was used to gain skills which were necessary to get a job, stimulating activity, earning money, being valued in society and increasing socialization. .
Lamontagne C., Palardy L.	Les impatients: A fragrance of health Les Impatients: Un parfum de santé	The benefits that the participants derive from the workshops as well as the human approach of the facilitators prove that this initiative can also improve the recovery process. .
Tymoszuk U., Perkins R., Fancourt D., Williamon A.	Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between receptive arts engagement and loneliness among older adults	There is, therefore, a need to identify sustainable, community-based solutions to foster social interactions and prevent loneliness in older adults. .
Tymoszuk U., Perkins R., Fancourt D., Williamon A.	Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between receptive arts engagement and loneliness among older adults	These programmes were found to aid perceived social inclusion by providing a context for social interactions and a safe and stimulating space that enabled positive change for the individual such as enhanced self-esteem and positive interpersonal experiences including opportunities for social interactions and cultivating relationships 21 . .
Tymoszuk U., Perkins R., Fancourt D., Williamon A.	Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between receptive arts engagement and loneliness among older adults	Future research is needed to understand the mechanisms through which different arts activities, in particular receptive arts engagement, can contribute to preventing and alleviating feelings of loneliness and facilitating social connectedness among older adults..
Roe B., McCormick S., Lucas T., Gallagher W., Winn A., Elkin S.	Coffee, Cake & Culture: Evaluation of an art for health programme for older people in the community	The overall aim and goals of the programme and sessions were to promote wellbeing through engaging with the collections/exhibitions, creative activities and social encounters facilitated by staff and artists. .
Ander E.E., Thomson L.J.M., Blair K., Noble G., Menon U., Lanceley A., Chatterjee H.J.	Using museum objects to improve wellbeing in mental health service users and neurological rehabilitation clients	Stickleys (2010) narrative inquiry into arts participation suggested that outcomes might include making new friends and experiencing peer support; although it was unsurprising to find higher levels of social interaction in our study, this outcome was notably important in ameliorating feelings of social isolation brought about by mental illness. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	In terms of social relationships, it has been found that participatory arts programmes provided opportunities for meaningful social contact, support and friendship, improved relationships between people living in care homes, and fostered a better sense of social cohesion and community for those with dementia in care homes.22 .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	RESULTS The data showed that involvement in participatory arts helped to address issues of loneliness and social isolation by promoting the social relationships between older people and between older people and staff in care homes. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	(Stage 1 staff member) DISCUSSION The findings demonstrate the impact of participatory arts on the social relationships between older people and between older people and staff in care homes, with the potential to address issues of loneliness and social isolation. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	Furthermore, through the participatory arts, residents gained confidence, staff learnt new skills to engage residents, and both felt more comfortable to interact informally and on a personal level with each other. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	Further research into this area could look specifically at older peoples feelings of social connectedness and reciprocal relationships within care homes, and how participatory arts can specifically target, encourage and promote these to address loneliness and social isolation..
Gillam T.	Enhancing public mental health and wellbeing through creative arts participation	Along with the therapeutic effects of being creative it aimed to encourage people to develop interpersonal skills through improvisational groupwork. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	It reveals how such a project enhanced dialogue, increased awareness, and built and contributed to mutual understanding in order to support a shift in the harder area of symbolic community thinking and attitude, against a backdrop of conflict, war and isolation and builds the basis for inclusive cultural heritage tourism. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	Community archaeology as a figurative vehicle can empower individuals and communities as it supports creating cultural participation in people to come together, discuss their past, present and future in order to build the integrated bridges between who they are and who they want to become; reducing the risk of further conflict. .
Rayment J., Sidhu M., Wright P., Brown P., Greenfield S., Jeffreys S., Gale N.	Collaboration for impact: Co-creating a workforce development toolkit using an arts-based approach	As the initial workshops had generated a plan for an artsbased, discussion-led toolkit, we agreed that these sorts of workshops would potentially provide the space and time for staff to experience group support and peer supervision and have an unusual opportunity to reflect and talk about their work thus addressing one of the community health workers priority needs in using risk work. .
Reason M., Heinemeyer C.	Storytelling, story-retelling, storyknowing: towards a participatory practice of storytelling	This objective was embedded in our workshops, whereby participants were facilitated in the production of their own artistic responses to the initial story stimulus. .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Toma M., Kroll T., Joice S., Mead G., Donnan P., Williams B.	Feasibility study of the effects of art as a creative engagement intervention during stroke rehabilitation on improvement of psychosocial outcomes: Study protocol for a single blind randomized controlled trial: The ACES study	Interactions with the artists and within the group provided an environment in which survivors could practice and regain control over their communication. .
Goulding A.	How can contemporary art contribute toward the development of social and cultural capital for people aged 64 and older	Such interventions have the potential to develop different types of social capital as discussions cemented bonding relationships with other members of the group and developed bridging relationships with the warden and group leader. .
Goulding A.	How can contemporary art contribute toward the development of social and cultural capital for people aged 64 and older	The conversations about the art developed bonding, bridging, and linking social capital, developing the wider network ties that have been shown to contribute to peoples well-being (Litwin & Shiovitz-Ezra, 2011). .
Kaimal, G.; Gonzaga, A., M.; Schwachter, V.	Crafting, health and wellbeing: findings from the survey of public participation in the arts and considerations for art therapists.	In this report, we argue for the use of crafting techniques as a tool that art therapists could integrate into their practice as a way to: encourage self-expression, reduce anxieties among patients about not being creative, a tool for self-care, and a means to integrate traditional and folk forms of expression into art therapy practice. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	the creative partnership of professional and non-professional artists produces work that demands to be read and responded to in its own terms. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	non-professional artists have stories, feelings and ideas they need to share. .
Walmsley, B.,	Deep hanging out in the arts: an anthropological approach to capturing cultural value	Barry feels that his painting and writing activities enabled him to develop new techniques of coping and self-expression; to recognise who he was as a person; and to interact more meaningfully with others. .
Lamontagne C., Palardy L.	Les impatients: A fragrance of health Les Impatients: Un parfum de santé	The flexible formula of the workshops offers a space of freedom allowing the participants to choose their preferred medium of expression . .
Jensen A.	Mental health recovery and arts engagement	The notion of identity is also explored in Daykin et al. (2010), who suggest that engaging in arts activities provides service users with access to a variety of new identities and is able to depart from the stigmatised or relatively powerlessness of the patient; this was reinforced by giving service users a new voice to provide their opinions or speak about their experiences. .
Lin R., Yan Y.-J., Zhou Y., Luo Y.-T., Cai Z.-Z., Zhu K.-Y., Li H.	Effects of Creative Expressive Arts-based Storytelling (CrEAS) programme on older adults with mild cognitive impairment: Protocol for a randomised, controlled three-arm trial	Participants will be encouraged to share their artwork with the group and vocalise any thought that comes to mind. .
Newman A., Goulding A., Davenport B., Windle G.	The role of the visual arts in the resilience of people living with dementia in care homes	Artistic creativity, which appeared normal and easy for all, may be seen as an adaptive, expressive response to how participants were experiencing their lives and both the conscious and unconscious challenges they faced. .
Lee K.L., Mustaffa M.S., Tan S.Y.	Visual arts in counselling adults with depressive disorders	Four art-making activities were applied at different stages of the counselling process in order to help the participants express and understand themselves (see Appendix 2). .
Lee K.L., Mustaffa M.S., Tan S.Y.	Visual arts in counselling adults with depressive disorders	So I find that is possible to be creative.Expressing what the art activity needed or wanted me to express. .
Montalto, V., ; Tacao Moura, C., J.; Langedijk, S., ; Saisana, M.,	Culture counts: An empirical approach to measure the cultural and creative vitality of European cities.	Culture may refer to people's traditions, beliefs and behaviors or to economic activities grounded on artistic creation, creative skills and symbolic values. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Factors Behind Sustained Arts Involvement We have indicated that a wide range of benefits can be created through involvement in the arts, but that many of these benefitsparticularly those most often cited by arts advocatesrequire a process of sustained involvement. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	Linked to this has been the development of high quality craft galleries, which have added value to what the town centre has to offer. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	In considering sustainability there is the sustainability of participants involvement in the arts as well as the continuation and development of the sector itself. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	It is a district with rich cultural traditions and heritage buildings. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Examples of facilities supporting cultural growth are post-secondary institutions, art galleries and heritage buildings. .
Kumari G., Ratnesh M., Eguruze E.S.	Role of CSR in supporting tribal handicrafts of Jharkhand	These initiatives have contributed to the preservation and promotion of local craft practices. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	This scenario can include the production of artworks and crafts. .
Kaimal, G.; Gonzaga, A., M.; Schwachter, V.	Crafting, health and wellbeing: findings from the survey of public participation in the arts and considerations for art therapists.	Art therapists might also consider engaging in more systematic research on the health outcomes of crafting including research on brain functioning, psychological wellbeing and overall physiological and psychological functioning. .
Fancourt, D.; Steptoe, A.; Cadar, D.	Cultural engagement and cognitive reserve: museum attendance and dementia incidence over a 10-year period	Theories of cognitive reserve, disuse syndrome and stress have suggested that activities that are mentally engaging, enjoyable and socially interactive could be protective against the development of dementia. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The quality-of-life studies stress measures of good mental and physical health and concentrate on the ability of arts involvement to delay the loss of mental acuity. .
Richards, A. G.; Tietyen, A.C.; Jicha, G.A.; Bardach, S.H.; Schmitt, F.A.; Fardo, D.W.; Kryscio, R.J.; Abner, E.L.	Visual Arts Education improves self-esteem for persons with dementia and reduces caregiver burden: A randomized controlled trial.	The Visual Arts Education pedagogical approach shows the potential for effectiveness for improving quality of life for persons with dementia and their caregivers.
Windle, G.; Gregory, S.; Howson-Griffiths, T.; Newman, A.; O Brien, D.; Gouldin, A.	Exploring the theoretical foundations of visual art programmes for people living with dementia	These conditions are important for cognitive, social and individual responses, leading to benefits for people with early to more advanced dementia. .
Windle, G.; Gregory, S.; Howson-Griffiths, T.; Newman, A.; O Brien, D.; Gouldin, A.	Exploring the theoretical foundations of visual art programmes for people living with dementia	Critical reviews of arts and health research suggests that participatory art interventions for people living with dementia have the potential to improve a broad range of outcomes. .
Windle, G.; Gregory, S.; Howson-Griffiths, T.; Newman, A.; O Brien, D.; Gouldin, A.	Exploring the theoretical foundations of visual art programmes for people living with dementia	This combination of arts and dementia skills were important for skilled facilitation. .
Windle, G.; Gregory, S.; Howson-Griffiths, T.; Newman, A.; O Brien, D.; Gouldin, A.	Exploring the theoretical foundations of visual art programmes for people living with dementia	Cognitive stimulation Cognitive stimulation is a form of mental exercise and a psychosocial treatment for people with dementia where a number of enjoyable activities provide general stimulation for thinking, concentration and memory, usually in a social setting, such as a small group. .
Windle, G.; Gregory, S.; Howson-Griffiths, T.; Newman, A.; O Brien, D.; Gouldin, A.	Exploring the theoretical foundations of visual art programmes for people living with dementia	These conditions were important for a number of cognitive, social and individual responses, which led to improvements in well-being, cognitive processes and social connectedness for people with early to more advanced dementia. .
Poulos, R.G.; Marwood, S.; Harkin, D.; Opher, S.; Clift, S.; Cole, A.M.D.; Rhee, J.; Beilharz, K.; Poulos, C.J.	Arts on prescription for community‐dwelling older people with a range of health and wellness needs	The Arts on Prescription model can assist in an holistic approach to meeting the health and wellness needs of older people. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	An example of the latter is the association between long-term arts engagement and improved outcomes for health and in ageing. .
de Paiva A., Jedon R.	Short- and long-term effects of architecture on the brain: Toward theoretical formalization	This outcome showed that enrichment is important to help improve brain plasticity and avoid its impairment. .
de Paiva A., Jedon R.	Short- and long-term effects of architecture on the brain: Toward theoretical formalization	Physical exercise not only helps to keep the body strong and health, but it also stimulates the production of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, which is a substance that helps in neuronal growth, maturation, and maintenance. .
Kim D.	The effects of a combined physical activity, recreation, and art and craft program on ADL, cognition, and depression in the elderly	DISCUSSION The present study aimed to determine the effects of a combined physical activity, recreational activity, and art and craft program as an intervention for improving ADL and cognitive function and decreasing depression in elderly people. .
Aguiar L.P.C., Da Rocha P.A., Morris M.	Therapeutic dancing for Parkinsons disease	This could facilitate neuroplasticity and in turn improve movement, balance, and cognition. .
Huldtgren A., Mertl F., Vormann A., Geiger C.	Probing the potential of multimedia artefacts to support communication of people with dementia	Instead, psychosocial interventions play an important role in order to increase the wellbeing of people with dementia. .
Twedt E., Proffitt D.R., Hearn D.L.	Art and aging: Digital projects for individuals with dementia	The Course: Art and Aging Course Objectives The main objective of Art and Aging was for students to positively influence the lives of individuals with dementia while simultaneously acquiring knowledge about dementia and how the environment affects individuals well-being. .
Thomson L.J., Morse N., Elsden E., Chatterjee H.J.	Art, nature and mental health: assessing the biopsychosocial effects of a ‘creative green prescription’ museum programme involving horticulture, artmaking and collections	Conclusion: Creative green prescription programmes, using a combination of arts- and nature-based activities, present distinct synergistic benefits that have the potential to make a significant impact on the psychosocial wellbeing of adult mental health service users. .
Tymoszuk U., Perkins R., Spiro N., Williamon A., Fancourt D.	Longitudinal associations between short-term, repeated, and sustained arts engagement and well-being outcomes in Older Adults	Further research is therefore needed to clarify how different participatory and receptive arts activities link to well-being outcomes in older adults. .
Morse N., Chatterjee H.	Museums, health and wellbeing research: co-developing a new observational method for people with dementia in hospital contexts	ENGAGEMENT IN PEOPLE WITH DEMENTIA Engaging a person with dementia in meaningful activity is seen as a priority in care provision to promote wellbeing and quality of life.21-23 Studies in care homes have shown the adverse effect of prolonged lack of stimulation and inactivity, such as increased risk of cognitive decline, apathy, depression and agitation,24,25 and the positive impact of participation in activities, which can lead to a reduction in challenging behaviours and depression, and improvements in mood.21,22,26,27 The study of engagement is therefore fundamental to the development of non-pharmacological interventions for people with dementia28 and to determine the efficacy of interventions that promote meaningful activity.29 .
Mastandrea S., Fagioli S., Biasi V.	Art and psychological well-being: Linking the brain to the aesthetic emotion	In particular, we leveraged advances in neuroaesthetics to explore different hypotheses about the determinants of aesthetic pleasure during art reception, in the attempt to clarify how experiencing art promotes well-being. .
Roe B., McCormick S., Lucas T., Gallagher W., Winn A., Elkin S.	Coffee, Cake & Culture: Evaluation of an art for health programme for older people in the community	Methods Aims To identify the benefits and potential impact of an arts for health programme on the wellbeing of older people from supported living and care home populations. .
James C.E., Altenmüller E., Kliegel M., Krüger T.H.C., Van De Ville D., Worschech F., Abdili L., Scholz D.S., Jünemann K., Hering A., Grouiller F., Sinke C., Marie D.	Train the brain with music (TBM): brain plasticity and cognitive benefits induced by musical training in elderly people in Germany and Switzerland, a study protocol for an RCT comparing musical instrumental practice to sensitization to music	A challenge in the field of aging is developing training regimens that stimulate neuroplasticity and delay or reverse symptoms of cognitive and cerebral decline. .
Cunningham S., Brill M., Whalley J.H., Read R., Anderson G., Edwards S., Picking R.	Assessing Wellbeing in People Living with Dementia Using Reminiscence Music with a Mobile App (Memory Tracks): A Mixed Methods Cohort Study	The mechanisms to reduce symptoms of dementia can take many forms and have the aim of improving the wellbeing and quality of life of the person living with dementia and those who care for them. .
Cunningham S., Brill M., Whalley J.H., Read R., Anderson G., Edwards S., Picking R.	Assessing Wellbeing in People Living with Dementia Using Reminiscence Music with a Mobile App (Memory Tracks): A Mixed Methods Cohort Study	useful neurorehabilitation tool in patients with chronic stroke and leads to neural reorganization in the sensorimotor cortex. .
van der Steen J.T., van Soest-Poortvliet M.C., van der Wouden J.C., Bruinsma M.S., Scholten R.J.P.M., Vink A.C.	Music-based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia	As well as trying to slow cognitive deterioration, care should aim to stimulate abilities, improve quality of life, and reduce problematic behaviours associated with dementia. .
Tischler V., Schneider J., Morgner C., Crawford P., Dening T., Brooker D.A.W.N., Garabedian C., Myers T., Early F., Shaughnessy N., Innes A., Duncan K., Prashar A., McDermott O., Coaten R., Eland D., Harvey K.	Stronger together: learning from an interdisciplinary dementia, arts and well-being network (DA&WN)	Given the wider interest in arts and dementia practice and research, it is timely for similar projects to build on this learning; to explore collaboration across disciplines and to utilise the arts to reach those with lived experience of dementia in novel, engaging and positive ways. .
Sextou P., Smith C.	Drama is for Life! Recreational Drama Activities for the Elderly in the UK	Learning and developing skills during a participatory arts programme for older adults can give meaning and purpose to their lives (The Baring Foundation). .
Lin R., Yan Y.-J., Zhou Y., Luo Y.-T., Cai Z.-Z., Zhu K.-Y., Li H.	Effects of Creative Expressive Arts-based Storytelling (CrEAS) programme on older adults with mild cognitive impairment: Protocol for a randomised, controlled three-arm trial	Creative expression (CrExp) can potentially mitigate cognitive decline and enhance the physical and mental health of older people. .
Lin R., Yan Y.-J., Zhou Y., Luo Y.-T., Cai Z.-Z., Zhu K.-Y., Li H.	Effects of Creative Expressive Arts-based Storytelling (CrEAS) programme on older adults with mild cognitive impairment: Protocol for a randomised, controlled three-arm trial	CrExp activities are thought to exert cognitive benefits by stimulating the central nervous system through engagement in tasks involving creativity, abstract thinking, planning, different forms of expression and cognitive control; this effect is likely mediated through increased functional connectivity in the brain. .
Lin R., Yan Y.-J., Zhou Y., Luo Y.-T., Cai Z.-Z., Zhu K.-Y., Li H.	Effects of Creative Expressive Arts-based Storytelling (CrEAS) programme on older adults with mild cognitive impairment: Protocol for a randomised, controlled three-arm trial	result in greater improvement in cognitive function and other health-related outcomes in older adults with MCI compared with those who continue their usual activities or receive other types of recreational intervention, and that this will be accompanied by favourable changes in functional connectivity of specific brain regions. .
Newman A., Goulding A., Davenport B., Windle G.	The role of the visual arts in the resilience of people living with dementia in care homes	This examined how visual arts enrichment activities might improve the quality of life for people in later life with dementia and their carers. .
Schneider J.	The arts as a medium for care and self-care in dementia: Arguments and evidence	In anticipation of cognitive and functional decline, it would be advisable to explore a range of expressive modalities through the arts, knowing that these activities may well extend ones capacity to communicate despite dementia. .
Awtuch A., Gȩbczyńska-Janowicz A.	Art and Healthcare - Healing Potential of Artistic Interventions in Medical Settings	Scientific research confirms that art therapy is helpful in healing process: it improves cognitive and physical functioning of patients with dementia, fosters recovery of patients with posttraumatic stress disorder. .
Badía M.	Visual arts in people with dementia: A systematic review Las artes visuales en personas con demencia: Revisión Sistemática	Nevertheless, current literature suggests that with adequate supports people with dementia can produce and appreciate visual art, and improve the perception of physical and emotional well-being. .
Badía M.	Visual arts in people with dementia: A systematic review Las artes visuales en personas con demencia: Revisión Sistemática	the future research they should be oriented to analyze such as the participation of people with dementia in arts programs visuals normalized is potentially suitable for promoting quality of life , as well as to identify those aspects positive aspects of the environment that can be encourage to increase participation in activities artistic and improve quality of life outcomes ..
Young R., Camic P.M., Tischler V.	The impact of community-based arts and health interventions on cognition in people with dementia: A systematic literature review	Douglas et al. (2004) recommended arts-based interventions for people with dementia to provide meaningful stimulation, social interaction and improvements in selfesteem. .
Young R., Camic P.M., Tischler V.	The impact of community-based arts and health interventions on cognition in people with dementia: A systematic literature review	His argument is salient if we consider the possible impact of the arts on people with a dementia; he contends that art promotes the exchange of concepts within a social group. .
Windle G., Gregory S., Newman A., Goulding A., OBrien D., Parkinson C.	Understanding the impact of visual arts interventions for people living with dementia: A realist review protocol	Arts-based activities are being increasingly suggested as a valuable activity for people living with dementia in terms of countering the negative aspects of their condition. .
Windle G., Gregory S., Newman A., Goulding A., OBrien D., Parkinson C.	Understanding the impact of visual arts interventions for people living with dementia: A realist review protocol	Given the increasing numbers of people living with dementia, the potential for non-pharmacological approaches such as arts-based activities that can help people live well with the condition have considerable public health implications. .
Van Steenwinkel, I.; De Casterlé, B., D.; Heylighen, A.	How architectural design affords experiences of freedom in residential care for older people.	In caregivers' accounts, this freedom was linked with an atmosphere they characterized as less stressful and hasty, more relaxed, pleasant, peaceful, and at ease. .
Muller-Pinget, S.; Carrard, I.; Ybarra, J.; Golay, A.	Dance therapy improves self-body image among obese patients.	However, patients were able to relax with the help of someone while negative thoughts disappeared, and in turn, they observed the sensations of relaxation and had positive mental representations. .
Nielsen J.H., Overgaard C.	Healing architecture and Snoezelen in delivery room design: A qualitative study of womens birth experiences and patient-centeredness of care	it somehow calms you down - it really does . .
Nielsen J.H., Overgaard C.	Healing architecture and Snoezelen in delivery room design: A qualitative study of womens birth experiences and patient-centeredness of care	The relaxing effect allowed them to withdraw for rest when needed. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	it was sort of like a respite thing. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	(Lydia) Easier to care - influence of the creative arts groups on caregiving The creative process and the accepting social environment of the art group were thought to promote relaxation. .
la Cour K., Josephsson S., Luborsky M.	Creating connections of life during life-threatening illness: Creative activity experienced by elderly people and occupational therapists	Engaging in crafts in such a demand-free environment allowed clients to find their own personal pace and an acceptance of individual rhythms. .
Ketch R.A., Rubin R.T., Baker M.R., Sones A.C., Ames D.	Art appreciation for veterans with severe mental illness in a VA Psychosocial Rehabilitation and Recovery Center	Dimming of the lights while appreciating art projected on the screen is conducive to a pervasive sense of peace and calm. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	5. Offers relaxation, which reduces stress and anxiety. .
Stanczyk M.M.	Music therapy in supportive cancer care	Relaxation techniques ease side effects for cancer patients in treatment. .
Florian Carl ,Rosemond Kutsidzo	Music a nd Wellbeing in Everyday Life: An Exploratory Study of Music Experience in Ghana	Overall, the whole experience made him feel so relaxed and comforted. .
Kaimal, G.; Gonzaga, A., M.; Schwachter, V.	Crafting, health and wellbeing: findings from the survey of public participation in the arts and considerations for art therapists.	Another dimension for consideration is the use of crafting in art therapist self-care practices. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	these artists were reinventing community art in, with and for a fragile world, and I wanted to learn about their experience. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	the best that a participatory artist can do is to create the conditions in which change can happen. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	That approach is perceived as a form of respect for the creative process, in line with artists needs and willingness of getting in the game and experiment; nevertheless, that approach has resulted in a manifold constellation of web contents. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	A process-oriented approach emphasises that creative activity itself is a developmental process that creates self-discovery and meaning. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	Part of this desire to move forward has been the expressed desire to open a small multi-purpose arts centre. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Our work further reveals that, for some artists, working with people who make art as amateurs is part of their own artistic practice and philosophy. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	Dependence on individuals and small agencies Many projects were initiated by individuals and delivered by freelance artists or small arts organisations - they are the catalysts for ideas and drive the work forward. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	This introduces a sense of belonging in the arts, a form of free exchange of creative energy. .
Australian Expert Group in Industry Studies , AEGIS,	Social impacts of Participation in the Arts and Cultural Activities	Creative participation is defined as participation associated with making, creating, organising, initiating, producing, facilitating arts activities and indicates active engagement. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	In the crowd-sourcing stage of the involvement spectrum, the audience becomes activated in choosing or contributing toward the creation of an artistic product, typically curated or produced by professional artists. .
Cortés-Rico, L., ; Piedrahita-Solórzano, G.,	Participatory Design in Practice. The Case of an Embroidered Technology.	These results may encourage the replication of the presented process with other craft communities, as a way of bringing innovation into their own processes and products..
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	According to Landry, the presence of art and artists in a place - more specifically, their ingenuity and capacity for invention - is a facilitator to develop creative thought and encourage innovation. .
Merli, P.,	Evaluating the social impact of participation in arts activities. A critical review of François Matarasso’s “Use or Ornament?”	Their creative capacities are prompted by the needs for innovation, which had been formed in earlier times and by the opportunities offered by the context in which they work. .
la Cour K., Josephsson S., Luborsky M.	Creating connections of life during life-threatening illness: Creative activity experienced by elderly people and occupational therapists	The findings suggest that the domain of creative activity can enable the creation of connections to daily life and enlarge the experience of self as an active person, in the face of uncertain life-threatening illness. .
Clapp L.A., Taylor E.P., Di Folco S., Mackinnon V.L.	Effectiveness of art therapy with pediatric populations affected by medical health conditions: a systematic review	The primary goal of such interventions is the intentional use of the arts to promote psychological change and as a form of therapy within a therapeutic context where the process of creating as a whole has its own meaning and communication value, taking priority over a completed art or craft product (See Figure 1). .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Joice S., Kroll T., Mead G., Donnan P., Toma M., Williams B.	Art participation for psychosocial wellbeing during stroke rehabilitation: a feasibility randomised controlled trial	Positive affect and self-efficacy for art appeared to be enhanced in this feasibility study however study adjustments would be important for a definitive trial. .
Goulding A.	How can contemporary art contribute toward the development of social and cultural capital for people aged 64 and older	Significantly, he views the discussion as part of a creative process. .
Collette N.	Art therapy and cancer Arteterapia y cáncer	Art therapy, from its very physical approach, which proposes to the person an active commitment in the use of materials, for the elaboration of an image or another very tangible artistic object, constitutes an experience that reinforces the capacity of choice and decision autonomous, as well as the feeling of one's own vitality. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	thirdly, art and culture can help revitalize our sense of community and place at this time of rapid economic and social change. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	For some, this meant renewing an existing interest in the arts, but for others it was a new element in their lives. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	The arts project opened up opportunities for these friendships to be renewed and strengthened, informally and through the consciously multicultural character of the Summer Gala. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	In an evaluation of an Arts Awareness Intervention (CAFE, 1996) it was discovered that participants on arts project experienced a dramatic shift in attitude and appetite for arts education and training, and that arts projects had an impact on self-expression, communication, feeling good, working hard, pride in the making, having fun, and feeling part of the team as well as income generation. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	This study was part of a national programme which concluded that investment in the arts can influence the regeneration of an area through creating opportunities for training, establishing jobs, attracting arts-related spending power, increasing the attractiveness of an area for business and consumers, and encouraging arts facilities for commercial and non-arts uses. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	This project aims to culturally regenerate a socially and economically depressed rural area through significant arts activity for one week in the summer; a city wide arts partnership implementing an arts strategy integral to the local authoritys overall aim to regenerate the city. .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	Tourism is viewed as a means of revitalizing cultures when dying customs are rejuvenated for tourists by increasing cultural activities (Gilbert & Clark, 1997) and promoting local arts and crafts. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	However, with the advent of city ranking systems catering to the creative class, we do see growing evidence of a more expansive definition of arts and cultural amenities, recognition that a critical mass of artists and creative people are key to attracting other members of the creative class, and some appreciation that residents actually want to engage in the creative process. .
Bonet, L., ; Colbert, F., ; Courchesne, A.,	From Creative Nations to Creative Cities: an example of center-periphery dynamic in cultural policies- City, culture and Society	During the same period, the concept of Creative Cities has became, at the local and regional level, a new economic development strategy to position cities and regions in the global economy and boost cultural tourism. .
Gainza, X.,	Culture‑led neighbourhood transformations beyond the revitalisation/gentrification dichotomy.	Encouraging an artistic scene seeks to transform the neighbourhood image as a means for attracting creative people and branding the urban economy. .
Landry, C., ; Bianchini, F.,	The Creative City	The presence of artists and other cultural producers in declining urban areas helps restore vitality, develop a positive image, create additional employment and break cycles of decline. .
Landry, C., ; Bianchini, F.,	The Creative City	These landmark developments, market forces and the perceived quality of life of the area subsequently made the city attractive to photographers, artists and independent film-makers. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	In addition, the revitalization of shophouses to art and creative industry has been completed by the URA in the area, which has definitely contributed to creativity in the community. .
Arikan, Y., ; Clark, T., N.; Noonan, D., S.; Tolley, G.,	The arts, Bohemian scenes, and income.	These illustrate distinct mechanisms for using arts to energize disadvantaged neighbourhoods, without displacing current residents. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	Thus, though the arts are commerce, they revitalize cities not only through their bottomline but also through their social role. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	The local presence of artists, nonprofit arts and cultural organizations, and commercial cultural firms provides a foundation upon which to build. .
Rahbarianyazd, R., ; Doratli, N.,	Assessing the contribution of cultural agglomeration in urban regeneration through developing cultural strategies.	Often in this category of strategy, it is the local art councils who act as the promoter or originator of spontaneous sociocultural movements, and they may subsequently contribute towards resolving some of the problems which low-income residents are faced with, by bringing more business into the area and also creating a more socially inclusive atmosphere. .
Horghagen S., Josephsson S., Alsaker S.	The use of craft activities as an occupational therapy treatment modality in Norway during 1952-1960	In their stories the participants related that craft activities were part of the social context at that time, and that it was important to use craft activities to evoke joy in life. .
Arikan Y., Clark T.N., Noonan D.S., Tolley G.	The arts, Bohemian scenes, and income	These illustrate distinct mechanisms for using arts to energize disadvantaged neighbourhoods, without displacing current residents. .
Liu Y.-D.	Event and sustainable culture-led regeneration: Lessons from the 2008 European Capital of Culture, Liverpool	In terms of socio-culture domain, culture-led urban regeneration not only helps to reposition cities, attract tourists and retain talents, but also serve as a way to improve the quality of life of local people, such as providing better culture facilities and leisure activities 14 . .
Cristina M., Loreta C., Daniel P., George M., Cristian D., Radu P.	The role of technical museums in the regeneration of industrial functionally, restructured regions (Romania)	As far as the cultural part is concerned, the conversion of abandoned industrial sites into manifestly cultural and touristic facilities reflects the recovery and restoration capacity of certain areas that apparently are deprived of economic value and tourist-attractiveness. .
Thompson J., Day J.	Understanding the impact and value of temporary public art sculpture trails	The art must be attractive to people (however we might define this) in order to stimulate their interest; it will help if it is relevant for the host town and if it stimulates peoples imagination. .
Yamamura T., Zhang T.X., Fujiki Y.	The social and cultural impact of tourism development on world heritage sites: A case of the Old Town of Lijiang, China, 2000-2004	Once such policies have stimulated organizations and networks, and thereby invigorated attempts to create industry based on the local context, tourism-related activities can come to play a part in conveying local appeal to visitors and enabling the original culture of the heritage site to be perpetuated. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	The great variety of colours and textures associated with artistic pursuits was experienced as energizing the mind and bringing other subjective benefits: Weaving is splendid. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	together they now form a vast landscape of opportunities to discover art. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Since these may appear hard to integrate within public policy the study recommends focusing on planning an environment in which participatory arts projects can succeed. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Although it is difficult to separate elements of a holistic renewal programme it was evident that the arts were integral to its success. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	At a regional or citywide level it is of benefit to have an arts strategy that takes account of the local situation and builds on what is already available. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Because this policy emphasis is founded not on the need to support a particular sector of the arts but, rather, on the need to promote private and public benefits of the arts, it is more likely to gain broad-based support. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Despite this limitation, however, we thought it best to search widely for concepts that might help explain how the arts transmit various benefits. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Urban planning Since architecture is not just about the appearance of the built environment, it introduces an aesthetic approach towards social, economic, cultural and environmental objectives. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	These include: Contributing to local distinctiveness Attracting companies and investment Having a role in cultural tourism Adding to land values Creating employment Increasing the use of open spaces Reducing wear and tear on buildings and lowering levels of vandalism If CABE is correct in its assertion that people respond positively to good design and that some commissioned, site-specific works of art contribute to that sense of good design, of a secure and cared for environment, then those who commission and make art for public places can take some of the credit the effects listed above. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	As one regional observer sees it:________________________________________________________________________ Interesting and lively locations often occur in the wake of an inspired and a thriving artistic-design orientated community. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	This can best be achieved when a community has a network of strong arts advocates, especially outside the formal cultural sector. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	We at the Foundation hope these new tools will be widely useful for practitioners and policymakers as they consider what arts and culturebroadly conceivedcan and do contribute to the vitality of the communities that are this nations lifeblood. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	Participants felt projects were a source of fun and enjoyment, that they had broadened their horizons and, in some cases, had improved their quality of life. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Openness is also one of the most important aims of recent policies adopted by some cultural institutions: in order to foster participation and accessibility, arts spaces are involved in the revitalisation of neighbourhoods, to establish links with the local economy and support local artists (Grodach, 2010). .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	A pleasurable and interesting experience should be a fortunate by-product of the empowering, enlightening and emancipatory influence of an excellent artwork, not an end in itself. .
Gainza, X.,	Culture‑led neighbourhood transformations beyond the revitalisation/gentrification dichotomy.	For the urban economy, the development of a cultural quarter is a strategic accompaniment to the physical transformations as it helps branding the city as creative and adds to the variety of tourist attractions. .
Harland, J., ; Kinder , K., ; Hartley, K.,	Arts in their view. A study of youth participation in the arts.	Given the limited prospects of finding satisfying employment in many inner-city areas, it seemed appropriate, for instance, to raise questions about the contribution that the arts or outlets for informal cultural creative energies could make, by way of widening access to activities which may offer greater scope for self-fulfilment and expression. .
García, B.,	Urban Regeneration, Arts Programming and Major Events: Glasgow 1990, Sydney 2000 and Barcelona 2004	First, an arts discourse can mark a difference at the bidding stage, improving the appeal of the proposal for external evaluators and gaining the interest and support of the local community. .
García, B.,	Urban Regeneration, Arts Programming and Major Events: Glasgow 1990, Sydney 2000 and Barcelona 2004	Concluding Remarks Arts programming can greatly contribute to urban regeneration in the context of a major event hosting process. .
Stern, M., J.	Measuring the Outcomes of Creative Placemaking	Local and city authorities recognize the value the creative sector brings so they create spaces for artists to work because they know it creates a more attractive environment, a more textured and more disruptive environment with low cost and minimum commitment. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Public art is one priority for this stage of Times Squares development, alongside design of the public spaces and enhancement of food and retail options, and the work of Times Square Arts is being given a high profile that they see as a model for the evolution of BIDs. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	This category of activity can be a good entry point for arts groups. .
Serafinelli, M., ; Tabellini, G.,	Creativity Over Time and Space	Second, the new institutions also changed incentives, through a more meritocratic and inclusive social environment, but also by encouraging works of art and innovations that would enhance the prestige of the city. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	This involves artists and cultural workers, but also connects with the wider socio-economic fabric of the city. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Finally, he recommends that regional political decision-makers ensure a high quality of living and leisure amenities for the open and diverse creative class, which represent a formidable powerhouse for cities, forming a resource that brings in further creative activities and thus is of great importance to future regional development. .
Urbanowicz K., Nyka L.	Interactive and Media Architecture - From Social Encounters to City Planning Strategies	Moreover, a proper and coordinated art-location planning could create the whole chain of activated spaces, resulting in the united net of revitalized areas. .
la Cour K., Josephsson S., Luborsky M.	Creating connections of life during life-threatening illness: Creative activity experienced by elderly people and occupational therapists	A generous receptive environment A generous receptive environment was identified as a basic requisite for fostering engagement in creative activity. .
la Cour K., Josephsson S., Luborsky M.	Creating connections of life during life-threatening illness: Creative activity experienced by elderly people and occupational therapists	A prominent result was identification of the generous environment as a prerequisite for engagement in creative occupation. .
Slach O., Boruta T.	What can cultural and creative industries do for urban development? three stories from the postsocialist industrial city of ostrava	The aim was to improve the negative external image of an industrial city through this event, to enhance the quality of life in the form of completing the historically missing cultural infrastructure, and thus to induce the development of cultural and creative industries. .
Evans G.	Participation and provision in arts & culture – bridging the divide	Welcoming social spaces are cited as one of the selling points of arts centres and one of the prerequisites for audience development. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	The aim was to cover a range of different types of arts activity in urban and rural areas. .
Mastandrea S., Maricchiolo F., Carrus G., Giovannelli I., Giuliani V., Berardi D.	Visits to figurative art museums may lower blood pressure and stress	There are good reasons to argue that art museums should be conceived as potentially restorative environments. .
Saavedra J., Arias S., Crawford P., Pérez E.	Impact of creative workshops for people with severe mental health problems: art as a means of recovery	In summary, the perceived positive impact of creative workshop activities on recovery, their low cost, together with the added potential for mutual benefit to health and social care practitioners, present tentative evidence to recommend the development of creative activities in non-clinical settings (e.g. a museum), and, where possible and feasible in partnership with a varied stakeholder group including people diagnosed with mental disorders..
Remesar A.	Public Art in Urban Regeneration. Piotrkowska street. Pride of a city: Łódź	That aestheticization programs included urban regeneration and local development strategies are convenient. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	Artworks are also integrated in the street space, configuring the external walls of buildings, especially those with no architectural value, in order to give new meanings to public space and to reconcile differences between new and historical buildings. .
Cristina M., Loreta C., Daniel P., George M., Cristian D., Radu P.	The role of technical museums in the regeneration of industrial functionally, restructured regions (Romania)	Ensuring a proper cultural management can turn the industrial site converted into a museum in an outstanding cultural tourist attraction that can win over a significant number of tourists. .
Nyamathi A., Slagle A., Thomas A., Hudson A., Kahilifard F., Avila G., Orser J., Cuchilla M.	Art messaging to engage homeless young adults.	As such, art may be an attractive alternative for improving the lives of homeless, drug-using young adults. .
Selman P., Carter C., Lawrence A., Morgan C.	Re-connecting with a recovering river through imaginative engagement	Potentially, therefore, imaginative engagement approaches can complement other participatory methods, and may offer experiences which are enjoyable and rewarding. .
Athens L.	Design for social sustainability at Seattles central library	Percent-for-art programs add considerable capacity for public works to expand fi- tion as well as reveal how art relates to buildings. .
Byrne E., Elliott E., Williams G.	Performing the micro-social: using theatre to debate research findings on everyday life, health and well-being	Interest in the social and economic value of the arts might suggest that interventions like The Peoples Platform could be a vehicle for policy and public engagement in the future. .
Goulding A.	How can contemporary art contribute toward the development of social and cultural capital for people aged 64 and older	Also, visiting art galleries is only one of many possible ways of engendering social capital. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Professionals the reasons why some peopleartists, policy-makers, donors or social partnersinvite others to participate in the arts shape the practice and its value. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Paying people to participate in an art project changes the balance of power, and not only in positive ways. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	the new funds did make a huge difference to a cash-starved participatory art sector. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	The arts were good because they made money. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Employment and training for work Some of that consumer spending keeps people in work, but participatory arts projects also enable many artists to survive financially, by supplementing their earnings from commissions, sales and performance. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	For example, in the case of the Chichester Festival Theatre economic impact study, the injection of spending from theatregoers and hired professionals benefits other local businesses...as demand for their goods and services increases. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Current arguments for private and public investment in the arts emphasize the potential of the arts for serving broad social and economic goals. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	There are three principal categories of economic benefits: direct benefits (i.e., those that result from the arts as an economic activity and thus are a source of employment, tax revenue, and spending); indirect benefits (e.g., attraction of individuals and firms to locations where the arts are available); and a variety of public-good benefits (e.g., the availability of the arts, the ability to have the arts available for the next generation, and the contribution the arts make to a communitys quality of life). .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	They are said to be good for business and a stimulus to the tourist industry and thus to local economies. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	These benefits hinge on the attraction the arts offer to particular classes of workers (skilled) and firms (high value-added), an attraction that strengthens the local economy and promotes economic development (Florida, 2002). .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The literature on direct benefits emphasizes how individual consumer choices, when considered in the aggregate, build demand for the arts and thus, in turn, stimulate the growth of the local economy. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	This model is consistent with an activity-based relationship in which the greater the level of activity (e.g., the more tickets sold), the higher the level of economic benefits to the local community. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Third, the arts can provide a range of benefits to the public as a whole (i.e., to both those involved in the arts and those not involved in the arts), such as increasing economic growth and social capital. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Insights on Community-Level Social Benefits Typically, when arts advocates refer to the community-level benefits of the arts, they are referring to economic benefits. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	This body of literature includes: (1) studies of the role that the arts as an industry play in the local economy (including studies of the multiplier effects of the arts industry), (2) studies of how the presence of the arts promotes local economic development by attracting selective classes of workers and firms, and (3) studies of the nonfinancial benefits of the arts (the arts as a public good). .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	From this perspective, the arts are important both as a source of demand for arts products and as a source of employment for local workers. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Individual consumers demand for the arts, for example, stimulates art organizations and commercial firms to meet that demand. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The economic effects of local arts activities are not limited to direct contributions to the consumption of arts products and to the employment generated by arts firms, however. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Employees of arts organizations, as well as the arts organizations themselves, purchase a variety of non-arts goods and services, which results in more spending and more jobs in the economy overall. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Thus, the arts sector benefits the local economy through employment and purchases in the arts sector and it produces a secondary effect through its role in stimulating economic activity in the non-arts sector. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	In other words, the arts produce economic benefits not only for those who are directly involved in the arts as producers or consumers, but also for those who are not directly involved in the artsthrough the multiplier effect. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	In general, the literature suggests that the higher the fraction of total arts spending that comes from tourists or other visitors to a local area, the more that spending will represent an addition to the local economy. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Thus, local communities whose arts infrastructure attracts visitors from outside the local area will have higher multiplier effects. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Since such workers are much sought after by the types of firms that local communities desire to attract (e.g., firms that pay high salaries, are often environmentally clean, and add prestige to the local economy), a strong arts community can promote local economic development. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Moreover, this dynamic compounds itself in that the highly skilled workers will consume the arts, and the high-value firms will support the arts to continue being able to attract these kinds of workers. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The net effect, therefore, is that a healthy arts sector helps trigger a virtuous cycle of economic growth: The arts sector attracts the types of workers who spend money on the arts and pay taxes, and these workers are the ones that desirable firms (which create good jobs and pay taxes) need in order to prosper. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Even so, the contribution of quality architectural design, to the local economy, as an added value, acts as a positive externality of culture-led urban regeneration. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	This can involve the promotion of arts-based events and attractions along with encouraging the development of high quality housing and retail, and the attraction of professional businesses to the area. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	This can indirectly promote its economic competitiveness by increasing its position in the quality-life indexes of international investment rankings. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Cultural life creates business growth. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Cultural life has to flourish if the region is going to succeed as a business magnet. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Tourism is favoured as an instrument of economic policy because of its potential as a catalyst for wider economic changes. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Tourism-based initiatives can transform derelict physical landscapes, lead to improved infrastructure (particularly in the area of transport) and foster better service provision for the local community, possibly leading to a higher confidence level both among the local residents and the whole area, which itself might attract new investment in the locality. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	An improved infrastructure (most urgently needed in Pecs) should enhance not only the cultural image of the city but also its business image - as a place in which to invest, work and live, and this may, in turn, generate outside investment for the long-term economic health of the city. .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	Tourism has brought more employment opportunities and booming economic development (Su & Teo, 2008). .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	Tourism helps bring job opportunities and provide stable household income, which improves residents' standard of living and economic status. .
Belfiore, E., ; Bennett, O.,	Rethinking the Social Impacts of the Arts	Similarly, economics can show that the arts may have positive externalities and that, if they do, this can be a justification of public subsidy. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	To the extent that these tourist dollars are spent by the arts organization as well as the stores, restaurants and hotels on local goods and services, the dollars brought in to the community for an arts event will have indirect multiplier effects on the local economy.7 The arts attract residents and businesses: The density of arts organizations and prevalence of arts events may play a role in attracting residents and businesses to (re)locate to a community by improving its image and making it more appealing. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	The arts attract investments: By improving a communitys image, people may feel more confident about investing in that community. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	Hence, if arts programs get more individuals involved in community groups, then they increase the communitys social capital. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	To take a simple example, many studies claim that the arts have a beneficial economic impact. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	Wider economic impact of the arts studies have concluded for instance, that they offer high job and income (spending) multipliers than other sectors, in part due to their lower employment and capital costs and in part due to the ancillary economic activity they generate through the visitor economy and spending on goods and services. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	The Partnership also supported the provision of subsidised studios as part of the desire to foster an entrepreneurial culture within local arts and craftspeople. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	Place-marketing strategies may also encourage the kind of safe art that attracts commercial sponsors and large audiences. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	However, ACIP has found that commercial sector support is also important for cultural vitality and can be encouraged through public sector incentives such as tax incentives and small business loans. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Additionally, we know that artists also work in the commercial sector and that many popular visual arts and music festivals that foster cultural participation are commercial. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Areas with more people earning money as artists indicate that those communities also may have more of these types of resourcesimportant to artists and also to the robustness of important aspects of the cultural scene in general. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	The Participatory Turn in Cultural Policy: Paradigms, Models, Contexts.	At the same time, these captive audiences guarantee the economic viability of many of the business models driven by the paradigm of the creative economy. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	In other words, professional artists need oftentimes to supplement their income with a steady paying career. .
Currid, E., ; Williams, S.,	Two cities, five industries: Similarities and differences within and between cultural industries in New York and Los Angeles	Many of the efforts resulting from such research implicitly (if not explicitly) are aimed at boosting consumer demand, drawing wellheeled and highly skilled residents, and facilitating the marketplace. .
Bonet, L., ; Colbert, F., ; Courchesne, A.,	From Creative Nations to Creative Cities: an example of center-periphery dynamic in cultural policies- City, culture and Society	By investing in the cultural capital of a city or a region, in its prestige, this strategy aims to attract a larger number of trade conferences and tourists by increasing its cultural offer and branding itself as a unique, vibrant destination. .
Markusen , A., ; Godwa, A.,	Arts and Culture in Urban or Regional Planning: A Review and Research Agenda	The rationales for such districts, when stated, include the assertion that concentration will enable capture of economies of scale and will attract more tourists from outside the region (efficiency and growth goals) and will revitalize deteriorating central districts, arresting further decline. .
Chong, T.,	Singapore's cultural policy and its consequences	The use of arts and culture to spark economic growth is, of course, not unusual. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Because advocates of community cultural development are frequently employed or funded by government, they are focusing on the economic benefits to generate recognition and support for this work. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	These include: arts-related employment or new enterprise developments; multiplier effects from local festivals or arts events; and retail growth as a result of arts-focused urban redevelopment strategies. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Community-based arts strategies succeed in generating sustainable economic outcomes when they are supported within a broader cultural development focus incorporating related social and cultural objectives. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	The arts industrynote the wordfeels compelled to justify its funding by pointing to its capacity to employ people, its export potential, and even its capacity as a marketing tool to promote a national identity. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Overwhelmingly, respondents said they would recommend projects like these to other communities, and believed that funding community-based arts projects was a valuable investment of the public arts dollar. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	In short, Creating Social Capital found that successful community-based arts projects were effective at generating new arts markets, attracting non-arts funding and sponsorship to employ artists to work with communities, and attracting significant levels of business investment in the form of donated goods and services. .
Landry, C., ; Bianchini, F.,	The Creative City	It seeks to harness the potential of new developments such as computer music, computer animation and computer-based performing arts in order to produce more broadly based commercial applications, which they hope will strengthen the citys economic base. .
Australian Expert Group in Industry Studies , AEGIS,	Social impacts of Participation in the Arts and Cultural Activities	In reality many arts programs have considerable economic value and hence social value as they provide employment and hence may be beneficial in terms of crime reduction, health improvements and so on. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Networking and economic growth can be facilitated through the development of a local environment that is friendly to economic development and investment. .
Stern, M., J.	Measuring the Outcomes of Creative Placemaking	Ideally, cultural entrepreneurs will pursue the redevelopment of under-used urban land to create appealing urban spaces that serve local residents, build social trust, and attract increasing investments. .
Stern, M., J.	Measuring the Outcomes of Creative Placemaking	But maybe our goal here is that we really think that the intrinsic value of our artists and our artist community is worth something and we are creating these places which foster that. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Through high-quality site-specific installations and performances the aim is to foster conversations around urgent contemporary issues and to empower artists who may have been driven out of an area due to larger economic forces. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	The events are fundamental to the business model, with design exhibitions, art festivals and concerts attracting substantial audiences to help support the use of the buildings for creative industries production as well as rehearsal and other spaces for the performing arts. .
Arikan, Y., ; Clark, T., N.; Noonan, D., S.; Tolley, G.,	The arts, Bohemian scenes, and income.	Exploring the impacts of art establishments on neighbourhood income is valuable for learning where and how policies and programmes to spur community development, for example, creative placemaking, arts districts, or cultural quarters,1 might be effective in achieving their goals. .
Arikan, Y., ; Clark, T., N.; Noonan, D., S.; Tolley, G.,	The arts, Bohemian scenes, and income.	Number of arts establishments The more arts establishments in a zip code, the higher the income. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	The focus on attracting nonresidents to a citys cultural attractions has produced an economic impact industry to demonstrate to wary public officials and residents that investments in the culture industry have been or will be worthwhile. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	Neighborhood cultural clusters frequently do generate direct economic benefitsattracting new businesses and consumers and raising property values. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	Certainly the concentration of arts resources spawns social networks that bring social and economic vitality to a neighborhood. .
Serafinelli, M., ; Tabellini, G.,	Creativity Over Time and Space	To further investigate the dynamics of the relationship between economic prosperity and famous creatives, we also rely on wages of skilled workers. .
Serafinelli, M., ; Tabellini, G.,	Creativity Over Time and Space	Free cities become the hub of creative talents, and this in turn contributes to improve subsequent city prosperity. .
Grodach, C.,	Museums as Urban Catalysts: The Role of Urban Design in Flagship Cultural Development	A long-held urban redevelopment strategy has been the investment in flagship cultural projectslarge-scale, iconic museums and arts centres that are intended to enhance the city image while catalyzing private sector investment and attracting tourists to the surrounding area. .
Grodach, C.,	Museums as Urban Catalysts: The Role of Urban Design in Flagship Cultural Development	Municipalities support flagship cultural development in the belief that such projects will enhance the city image while catalyzing private sector investment and attracting tourists to their surrounding area. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	The new cultural policies are aimed at augmenting or leading local development, and they focus on: - Creative Spaces: o occupying former industrial sites with new economic or social activities; o making creative uses of heritage buildings that are difficult and costly to maintain; o supporting cultural and creative entrepreneurship (incubators, living labs, creative hubs, maker spaces); - Attractiveness: o attracting creative talents, artists and maximising the potential for local crafts by making workspaces available at lower costs; o attracting tourism or international investors (cultural events, an attractive suite of cultural infrastructure, and a reputation as a destination city/region); - Well-being and quality of life: o generating fun and entertainment (wellbeing and social cohesion) through festivals and cultural events; o boosting the morale, confidence, and spirit of the local population by being a great place to live with a strong cultural offer and strong city / regional brand and identity; - Social cohesion: o addressing social problems through artistic intervention with focus on enjoyment, self-expression, inter-community and inter-generational dialogue and skills development / training to prevent social exclusion, isolation and marginalisation); - Inspiring and driving territorial change: o transforming the image or brand of a city from negative or industrial to creative and inspiring (many examples exist throughout Europe including Bilbao, Lille, Manchester, Belfast, Dortmund, Antwerp, Nantes, Rotterdam, Saint Etienne, Mons, Lyon, Strasbourg, Turin, and so on). .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Cities have invested significantly in the creative industries in order to foster economic growth and become hubs of innovative industries. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	It can foster income generation, job creation and export earnings while promoting social inclusion, cultural diversity and human development. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Central to this argument is the idea that city must be attractive to creative class if they want to prosper and further develop. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	A cluster has the tendency to generate both higher incomes and rates of employment growth, but also has positive impact on economic development, urban growth, creativity and innovation. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Consequently, greater concentration of jobs in research and development as well as creative employment will in turn lead the city to achieve a competitive advantage and to increase the rate of economic growth and job creation. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	A high share of creative industries and new businesses is a good indicator of creativity. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	In addition to that, creative cities are able to attract and retain creative workforce. .
Navarro Yanez, C., J.	Do ‘creative cities’ have a dark side? Cultural scenes and socioeconomic status in Barcelona and Madrid (1991–2001)	From the perspective of the creative city, the cultural market involves economic development through the attraction of high status (creative class) groups and/or visitors. .
Horghagen S., Josephsson S., Alsaker S.	The use of craft activities as an occupational therapy treatment modality in Norway during 1952-1960	It was also clear from the analysis that the actual act of producing objects was important, because the objects could be sold, to give the person and the institution some income: We delivered products to craft shops because one of the reasons for making them was to earn money. .
Kumari G., Ratnesh M., Eguruze E.S.	Role of CSR in supporting tribal handicrafts of Jharkhand	Both of them are working for the promotion of local artisans by assisting them in Techniques, Finance, and Marketing. .
Lommerse M., Eggleston R., Brankovic K.	Designing Futures: A Model for Innovation, Growth and Sustainability of the Craft and Design Industry	These goals included: develop processes that result in new and innovative designs with market value; generate sustainability, and improve visibility and viability of micro-design businesses; create a framework for collaborations between craftspeople and designers; build a framework for effective investment; develop a critical mass of viable and active craftspeople and designers; create a framework to develop networks between craftspeople, designers, government, private industry, educational institutions, suppliers and manufacturers; and establish pathways for networking myriad interests across creative industries. .
Lommerse M., Eggleston R., Brankovic K.	Designing Futures: A Model for Innovation, Growth and Sustainability of the Craft and Design Industry	In particular, design the creative endeavour of devising and enhancing products, services and business methods has substantial power to drive industry growth, boost jobs and generate positive flow-on effects to the broader economy and public wellbeing. .
Lommerse M., Eggleston R., Brankovic K.	Designing Futures: A Model for Innovation, Growth and Sustainability of the Craft and Design Industry	Recognition of creativity and design as important tools for industries to boost productivity and competitiveness in todays global markets stands to benefit the craft and design sector in the future. .
Arikan Y., Clark T.N., Noonan D.S., Tolley G.	The arts, Bohemian scenes, and income	Exploring the impacts of art establishments on neighbourhood income is valuable for learning where and how policies and programmes to spur community development, for example, creative placemaking, arts districts, or cultural quarters,1 might be effective in achieving their goals. .
Arikan Y., Clark T.N., Noonan D.S., Tolley G.	The arts, Bohemian scenes, and income	Number of arts establishments The more arts establishments in a zip code, the higher the income. .
Cerreta M., Daldanise G., Sposito S.	Culture-led regeneration for urban spaces Monitoring complex values networks in action	This is because it can insert new types of creative economy and welfare linked to the proximity for local-embedded development. .
Cerreta M., Daldanise G., Sposito S.	Culture-led regeneration for urban spaces Monitoring complex values networks in action	The positive externalities deriving from the bottom-up processes of valorization contribute to the regeneration of spaces and buildings, simultaneously producing employment and increasing the network of relationships in the local community. .
Cerreta M., Daldanise G., Sposito S.	Culture-led regeneration for urban spaces Monitoring complex values networks in action	In addition, they highlight how activating projects of cultural and social innovation can generate new economic value in built heritage, promoting both economic development and urban regeneration..
Zhou X., Hristova D., Noulas A., Mascolo C., Sklar M.	Cultural investment and urban socio-economic development: A geosocial network approach	This result indicates that putting more effort into culture can lead to the stimulation of local business and the enhancement of vitality for urban areas. .
Pastak I., Kährik A.	The impacts of culture-led flagship projects on local communities in the context of post-socialist tallinn	(R1project leader) Because of the large number of visitors, the projects have brought economic resources to the local neighbourhoods, while also increasing future investments. .
Pastak I., Kährik A.	The impacts of culture-led flagship projects on local communities in the context of post-socialist tallinn	Project target groups have been carefully selected; all the flagship projects are characterised by a focus on building prestige and attracting large visitor numbers in order to guarantee the cost-effectiveness of the projects; commercialisation has become a means to achieve the overall economic goals. .
Mckenzie M., Hutton T.	Culture-led Regeneration in the Post-industrial Built Environment: Complements and Contradictions in Victory Square, Vancouver	Naturally, creative industries are endeavoring to create an economic value in the city. .
Comunian R., Mould O.	The weakest link: Creative industries, flagship cultural projects and regeneration	Part of the argument behind cultural regeneration and public investment in flagship buildings and new cultural institutions in Europe is that they will foster the economic development of the city, not only in terms of tourism development but also supporting the growth of the creative industries. .
Slach O., Boruta T.	What can cultural and creative industries do for urban development? three stories from the postsocialist industrial city of ostrava	A fundamental role in the development of these businesses was played by culture, which attracted the attention of intellectuals and secured a stable income to bars. .
Slach O., Boruta T.	What can cultural and creative industries do for urban development? three stories from the postsocialist industrial city of ostrava	At the same time artists can theoretically profit from the advantages stemming from the presence of adjacent attractions (e.g. a higher frequency of visitors - tourists, thus potential customers; a common brand of the whole area). .
Ozden P.	Culture-led regeneration projects in post-industrial areas: The Istanbul experience	This is because it can insert new types of creative economy and welfare linked to the proximity for local-embedded development. .
Ozden P.	Culture-led regeneration projects in post-industrial areas: The Istanbul experience	The positive externalities deriving from the bottom-up processes of valorization contribute to the regeneration of spaces and buildings, simultaneously producing employment and increasing the network of relationships in the local community. .
Ozden P.	Culture-led regeneration projects in post-industrial areas: The Istanbul experience	In addition, they highlight how activating projects of cultural and social innovation can generate new economic value in built heritage, promoting both economic development and urban regeneration..
Ezepue E.M.	The New Nollywood: Professionalization or Gentrification of Cultural Industry	The authors note that supporting arts and culture is tantamount to supporting their redevelopment, renewal, or regeneration, which eventually results in an economic growth. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	The results show that thefestival generates a significant impact on the economy ofthe area, benefiting especially the tourism sector of the city and business services. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	Indeed, it seems reliance on cultural activities as a source of wealth and employment, eminently due to the attraction of /flows of expenses and income linked to cultural tourism, but also through the transformation and development of the productive fabric that, together, seek new comparative advantages for cities and regions. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	Conclusions In recent years, culture has become part of local and regional development strategies and urban regeneration actions, not only because of its potential to generate wealth and employment, but because of its contribution to the diversi$cation of the tourism product, its ability to promote social cohesion and the well-being of citizens or their contribution to the differentiation of places. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	Cultural festivals, one of the most dynamic and interesting artistic manifestations on the scene current culture, are also part of economic development policies, as a consequence of the multiple repercussions economic, social, cultural, tourist or physical that they generate in the territories where they are celebrated. .
Konrath S.	Museums as Weavers of the Invisible Strings that Connect us	These programmes have brought new people to the museum and its grounds, and have served as an additional sense of revenue. .
Padilla-Llano S.E., Machado-Penso M.V., Reyes-Schade E., Larios-Giraldo P.M., Cabrera-Sánchez I., Martínez-Palacios E., González-Forero D., Tapias-Martínez J.	Barrio El Prado: A living museum for the city of Barranquilla Barrio el prado un museo vivo para la ciudad de Barranquilla.	Parallel to this explosion of activities, a special interest began to be experienced in the population that still resides in the neighborhood, their customs and cultural wealth that generated a boom of artists who began to establish their workshops and homes. .
Rogelja I.	The Museumification of Treasure Hill: Authenticity, Authority and Art in a Taiwanese Urban Village	While sales contribute to the young artists income, the presence of a constant stream of visitors can also be distracting. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	Where settled communities are able to recognize, protect and produce beauty issues rather than individual interests, territory has a greater ability to magnetize economic investment, stimulating the new economic activities. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	Art is here instrumental in adding economic values and could produce social spillovers linked to the involvement of local artisans. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	Art is supported by traditional economy and is a potential source of gentrification. .
Plaza B., Haarich S.N.	The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao: Between Regional Embeddedness and Global Networking	Additionally, the GMB and its visitors stimulated additional investments in the local art sector. .
Cristina M., Loreta C., Daniel P., George M., Cristian D., Radu P.	The role of technical museums in the regeneration of industrial functionally, restructured regions (Romania)	This trend is the result of the country's adaptation to the new socio-economic conditions, but also an accession into the stage of cultural and touristic capitalization on industrial heritage assets, acting as a support-activity in boosting the economy of disadvantaged industrial areas. .
Cristina M., Loreta C., Daniel P., George M., Cristian D., Radu P.	The role of technical museums in the regeneration of industrial functionally, restructured regions (Romania)	The change of the positive image can also have an important role, later on, in winning over investments in various economic activities. .
Dean C., Donnellan C., Pratt A.C.	Tate Modern: Pushing the limits of regeneration	As noted above, such niche tourism can be viewed as very resource efficient with a greater return on investment per visitor. .
Plaza B., Tironi M., Haarich S.N.	Bilbaos art scene and the Guggenheim effect revisited	The proximity of BLV to Casco Viejo, which is one of the commercial centres of the city and a magnet for visitors and tourists, has helped in the attraction of art-interested clients and in the exhibiting and commercialisation of local art in downtown Bilbao. .
Plaza B., Tironi M., Haarich S.N.	Bilbaos art scene and the Guggenheim effect revisited	In order to strengthen the positive effect on the local economy, private shop-owners and trade associations, as well as organizations that patronize these businesses, may further exploit this art-related clustering so as to make it profitable for them, for the neighbourhood community and for Bilbaos art scene in general..
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Gaining skills in performing arts, including towards employment, may be understood as increasing socioeconomic status, which is a social determinant of health. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Yet at the tangible level of the every day of artists who are socioeconomically disadvantaged, increasing their levels of skill, professionali-sation and, in so doing, socioeconomic status can have powerful effects on their lives and employment situations. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Promoting employment of the unemployed, via arts, for instance, can thus be understood as promoting socioeconomic status and thereby health. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The artistic activities pay participants and participating groups a fee or honourarium, thereby helping with income and occupational pride. .
Vetter D., Barth J., Uyulmaz S., Uyulmaz S., Vonlanthen R., Belli G., Montorsi M., Bismuth H., Witt C.M., Clavien P.-A.	Effects of art on surgical patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis	Some evidence for a benefit on patients well being is important to justify investments in art. .
Athens L.	Design for social sustainability at Seattles central library	Development also contributes to the local economic base if it employs local design professionals and contractors. .
Thompson J., Day J.	Understanding the impact and value of temporary public art sculpture trails	They can help to generate revenue for host towns and cities; they can contribute to place branding; they can provide entertainment for residents and visitors; and they can raise funds for designated charitable causes. .
Lenzo P., Traverso M., Salomone R., Ioppolo G.	Social life cycle assessment in the textile sector: An italian case study	The industry represents an important employment source for this area. .
Hidalgo M.	Valuing the economic and social impact of the Carnival of Blacks and Whites of Pasto, Colombia Valoración del impacto económico y social del Carnaval de Negros y Blancos de Pasto, Colombia	Use of these analytical tools allow concluding that this carnival is profitable both economically and socially because it expands the local productive capacity, generates material wealth, creates new jobs and increases investment. .
Hidalgo M.	Valuing the economic and social impact of the Carnival of Blacks and Whites of Pasto, Colombia Valoración del impacto económico y social del Carnaval de Negros y Blancos de Pasto, Colombia	Conclusions The Carnival of Blacks and Whites of Pasto promotes cultural tourism and, in turn, increases the production of goods and services related to leisure, fun and culture; In addition, it exerts a significant multiplier effect on the economy of the municipality of Pasto and other localities with related tunstic offer, since it generates new jobs before and during the realization of this popular festival. .
Yamamura T., Zhang T.X., Fujiki Y.	The social and cultural impact of tourism development on world heritage sites: A case of the Old Town of Lijiang, China, 2000-2004	As to the tourism business, it is easy to imagine that this will mean the influx of people that possess sufficient capital to open shops and sufficient know-how to raise profits. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	In Batley, several community groups had been strengthened through working on arts activities: for example, members of the Tenants & Residents Association on Batley Carr credited the project with developing their team-work skills and experience. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	This distinction is significant because participation is the main interface between the arts, volunteering and community activism. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	The development of these specific competencies when involved in arts projects occur, for example, when volunteering in a local arts project or when serving as board members of arts organizations, raising funds for local artistic projects and running an organisation. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Volunteers in the arts, working together toward a shared objectivewhether the task is constructing sets, raising funds, giving tours, or stuffing envelopeshave the opportunity to develop ties and bonds and a commitment to the organization. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Those whose predominant mode is stewardship will develop their management and technical skills and their ties to specific arts organizations by volunteering, donating, and organizing. .
Hill Strategies , R.,	Social Effects of the Arts: Exploratory Statistical Evidence.	Performing arts attendees do have positive indicators of social engagement for volunteering, donating, doing favours for neighbours, and not feeling trapped in a daily routine. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Audience member This relationship became more effective when artists adopted a proactive approach, enthusiastically inviting people to get involved. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	This is the essential fabric of building and strengthening communities (Aileen McEvoy, Arts Council England, North West) In summary, the contribution of culture to social regeneration may be evidenced by: A change in residents perceptions of the place where they live Greater individual confidence and aspiration A clearer expression of individual and shared ideas and needs An increase in volunteering Increased organisational capacity at local level Increased social capital - the norms and networks that enable collective action (World Bank) A change in the image or reputation of a place or group of people Stronger public-private-voluntary sector partnerships Reduced school truancy/offending behaviour Higher educational attainment New approaches to evaluation, consultation and representation At first sight there appears to be a wealth of evidence of the role played by cultural activity in social regeneration, much of it stimulated by the Governments commitment to addressing social exclusion, promoting community cohesion and neighbourhood renewal. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	Artist Partnerships often worked best where there were enthusiastic and supportive staff or volunteers working in partner agencies - that person could be a head teacher in a school, a volunteer working in a community centre or the coordinator of a community group. .
Beeksma, A., ; Chiara , D., C.	Participatory heritage in a gentrifying neighbourhood: Amsterdam’s Van Eesteren Museum as affective space of negotiations	The Van Eesteren Museum produces a community of belonging that is incredibly meaningful to the volunteers and that offered many a new life and sense of purpose during the economic crisis. .
Nguyen T.H.N.	Design for design - Design by community	6 Conclusion Experience of Community Design projects: Collaboration for Success: The support of a dedicated team of volunteer experts / architects from different agencies and organizations helps to increase the self-confidence of the poor in the process of seeking solutions themselves. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	All participants recognised the central role of the facilitators not only in teaching skills for making arts and crafts, but in orchestrating such a supportive environment: They just made us feel welcome, made us feel at ease, encouraged. .
Kumari G., Ratnesh M., Eguruze E.S.	Role of CSR in supporting tribal handicrafts of Jharkhand	This has not only promoted the local handicraft sector but also encouraged women empowerment. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	Organisers said that participants became more involved with volunteers, artists, school-children and other community members through these events. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	Older participants appear to have been stimulated by the festival to become more involved in their local communities, sometimes for the simple reason that their voluntary effort was required for the event to happen at all. .
Tymoszuk U., Perkins R., Fancourt D., Williamon A.	Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between receptive arts engagement and loneliness among older adults	Relationships created or strengthened as part of engaging with the arts, such as making music in local community groups can increase access to different forms of support, such as peer or informational support, and act as a source of social affirmation 23, 26 . .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	(Stage 1 arts facilitator) This suggests how participatory arts can promote reciprocity in relationships within care homes whereby residents are able to make a contribution by helping others. .
Shim A., Yecies B., Ren X., Wang D.	Cultural intermediation and the basis of trust among webtoon and webnovel communities	As such, the volunteer translators, or active cultural intermediaries partly responsible for this expanding reception deserve attention for their roles in facilitating appeal and trust surrounding this series. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	For them, access to culture meant acquiring the tunes, dances, crafts and tales in whose everyday living creativity a communitys identity was held. .
Belfiore, E., ; Bennett, O.,	Rethinking the Social Impacts of the Arts	The distinctive advantage of a historical approach to the understanding of the impacts of the arts is precisely that it brings to light the complex nature of the disquisitions that have taken place in the past around the arts and their effects. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	At the same time, this represents a great opportunity to inform the audience about the complexities of managing an arts production. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Promote public awareness of local heritage and preserve local traditional industries This factor mainly concerns public awareness of local heritage and traditional industries. .
Ander E.E., Thomson L.J.M., Blair K., Noble G., Menon U., Lanceley A., Chatterjee H.J.	Using museum objects to improve wellbeing in mental health service users and neurological rehabilitation clients	Arts and crafts have a long history in professional practice but learning about ones own and other peoples heritage and culture is subtly different. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	For example, a BRA staff member indicated that participating in the Living Cultures project and learning about country encouraged their stronger understanding of Aboriginal art, and the deeper connection between the arts, and Aboriginal history. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	new funds came to participatory art, from cultural and social sources, but that was due to the overall increase in budgets. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Much of the work under review was undertaken by freelance artists, rather than by specialist, employed community arts workers, and there was considerable evidence of benefits to this group. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Taking creative risks can be positive not just in terms of the outcomes but in improving the circulation of the institutions involved. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Arts and cultural activities can produce higher levels of social capacities, classified as extrinsic to the arts outcomes, in the sense they can be used in external contexts and produce effects that those not directly involved can also profit from. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Their response was to emphasize the instrumental benefits of the arts: They said the arts promote important, measurable benefits, such as economic growth and student learning, and thus are of value to all Americans, not just those involved in the arts. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Such benefits are instrumental in that the arts are viewed as a means of achieving broad social and economic goals that have nothing to do with art per se. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Those who continue to be involved seek arts experiences because they find them stimulating, uplifting, challengingthat is, intrinsically worthwhilewhereas those who participate in the arts infrequently tend to participate for extrinsic reasons (such as accompanying someone to an arts event). .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	That case has since evolved into an argument that the arts produce benefits economic growth, education, and pro-social behaviorthat all Americans (not just those involved in the arts) recognize as being of value. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Despite some major problems with this body of literature, the studies do offer evidence suggesting that the arts can produce public benefits at both the individual and the community level. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Creating Benefits to Communities Social Benefits The Appendix presents a framework for understanding how social and economic benefits are linked to arts experiences. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Similarly, the comparative advantage that an arts-rich environment provides for stimulating local economic development could also be provided by other types of local amenities (say, a pleasant climate or a location along a seashore). .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Indeed, this possibility could help explain why communities with well-known arts institutions may get more return for their arts spending than communities without such institutions do. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	It also recognizes the central role intrinsic benefits play in generating all benefits, and the importance of developing policies that ensure the benefits of the arts are realized by greater numbers of Americans. .
Hill Strategies , R.,	Social Effects of the Arts: Exploratory Statistical Evidence.	The ultimate goal of quality of life study and its subsequent applications is to enable people to live quality lives - lives that are both meaningful and enjoyed.23 Background research for this report found other references to the social effects of quality of life: People derive great pleasure from being involved in arts activities, which can add greatly to their quality of life.24 Social cohesion in this context implies amongst other things: extending opportunities for income-generating activities; reductions in poverty; reduced disparities in incomes, employment and competitiveness; higher quality of life; and open access to services of general benefit and protection.25 Health and personal well-being are important aspects of quality of life. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	This merging of aspects and qualities of the urban realm is boosting the urban economy as it offers a new stream of -cultural- consumers. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	As a result of the enthusiasm and evaluation of the symbolic economys positive contribution to urban regeneration, cities are emphasising more and more on the visual qualities of their symbols (whatever they might be), invested deeply in cultural context. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	As the supply culture and the symbolic assets are seen like new opportunities to increase the consumer perception and, indeed, the value of the goods. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	The more and the better cultural experiences a region can offer, the more attractive the region is for new establishments. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	In particular, European cities are increasingly using culture-led urban regeneration to improve their image, stimulate urban development and attract visitors and investment. .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	Residents cognitive well-being and affective well-being positively affected their support for tourism. .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	Tourism has long been seen as a boon for economic development, especially for developing and underdeveloped countries and regions. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	As private and public agencies seek innovative ways to employ the arts to improve and strengthen communities, they have become increasingly interested in assessing the impact of their investments. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	Claim: The arts have a beneficial impact on the economy Economic impacts are perhaps the most widely touted benefits of the arts. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	The arts attract visitors (art as export industry): Tourists visit a community primarily in order to attend an arts event (alternatively, tourists may prolong a trip in order to attend an arts event). .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	So for example, people might be more likely to buy property in an area that they feel is up-and-coming because of the presence of the arts. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	For example, a successful community arts program may influence the perceptions of key government officials and make them more likely to support such programs in the future. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	Communities with greater social capital are more likely to initiate arts programs, but those programs may further promote the building of social capital. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	Its success has been felt in the wear and tear of the building and demands on the towns infrastructure (traffic, parking) but these have been outweighed by the benefits - year round activity and employment, new restaurants and cafes, a growing number of galleries, craft and jewellery shops and rising house prices. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	This was a consortium of district and parish councils, local businesses and others who were keen to improve the overall look and feel of the town, thereby increasing the number of visitors. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Areas with higher levels of nonprofit arts expenditure per capita may experience relatively more opportunities for engagement in culturally vital activities. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	There is, of course, an argument for saying there is value in participating in arts activities purely for the experience itself; art for arts sake. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	This kind of urban cultural policy was aimed at improving the external images of cities (particularly industrial and port cities which has suffered from processes of economic restructuring), attracting inward investment, developing the creative industries and tourism sectors, and encouraging property developers to regenerate derelict or underused former industrial areas (particularly in or adjacent to city centres), by taking advantage of the potential of cultural activities to rebrand such places. .
Currid, E., ; Williams, S.,	Two cities, five industries: Similarities and differences within and between cultural industries in New York and Los Angeles	In recent years, researchers have become particularly focused on the importance of the arts in the revitalization of blighted and depressed areas, luring of high-end labor pools and firms, and generation of tourism revenue. .
Gainza, X.,	Culture‑led neighbourhood transformations beyond the revitalisation/gentrification dichotomy.	A third argument follows from the changes induced in the neighbourhood image and how this image can be used to attract visitors and revitalise the local economy. .
Gainza, X.,	Culture‑led neighbourhood transformations beyond the revitalisation/gentrification dichotomy.	Although attracted by the areas image, social networks and the availability of disused spaces and amenities, they are influenced by economic conditions, i.e. affordable rents. .
Gainza, X.,	Culture‑led neighbourhood transformations beyond the revitalisation/gentrification dichotomy.	Not only can it enhance the value of the cultural good or the artists by aligning them with the images that external audiences hold about the distinctiveness of the place, but it can raise awareness about the creative activities, thus legitimising the cluster (Costa, 2013a). .
Gainza, X.,	Culture‑led neighbourhood transformations beyond the revitalisation/gentrification dichotomy.	This is due to Barcelonas greater magnetism for tourism, population and activities, which has boosted the housing market and has attracted an upscale population to the historic centre. .
Markusen , A., ; Godwa, A.,	Arts and Culture in Urban or Regional Planning: A Review and Research Agenda	A strategy of developing a distinctive artistic expertise marketed to locals and the surrounding region may also attract more tourists in the longer run. .
Chong, T.,	Singapore's cultural policy and its consequences	Arts and culture was envisaged and packaged as a pull factor in the increasing international competition for skilled foreign workers and global capital, while, as an extension of its previous nation-building role, a more vibrant arts and cultural scene might help retain highly skilled and globally mobile Singaporeans. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	However it is put to use, in these times of rapid social, economic and industrial change, the human capital generated by participating in these arts projects is a rich resource. .
García, B.,	Urban Regeneration, Arts Programming and Major Events: Glasgow 1990, Sydney 2000 and Barcelona 2004	This should imply an understanding that arts activity can succeed within events without needing to become a purely economic factor, but rather a facilitator for local participation and ownership that is, at the same time, attractive for visitors and media. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Subjective well-being and engagement in arts, culture and sport.	Moreover, these activities are sources of both cultural and economic value. .
Backman, M., ; Nilsson, P.,	The role of cultural heritage in attracting skilled individuals	Specifically, the novel finding that built heritage is an important attractor of high-skilled labor may strengthen their position in the local land use and policy decision process and provide incentives for local governments to engage in preservation efforts..
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Therefore, from a tourism perspective, there may be some value to Brandon investing in local cultural infrastructure.57 Community development in Brandon depends on attracting tourists and new residents, and retaining existing residents. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Whether these public realm improvements constitute significant change depends on the resources of a cultural district and the influence of funders over its strategy, but even a modestly improved public realm, such as that in which Exhibition Road Cultural Group is currently engaged, can be important for those who visit major cultural institutions. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Here is a district that was once cultural only in a narrow commercial sense but is now seeking a great deal more with a view to using celebratory and challenging public art both to sustain the commercial success of its partners and to contribute to diversity, democratic debate and artistic empowerment. .
Arikan, Y., ; Clark, T., N.; Noonan, D., S.; Tolley, G.,	The arts, Bohemian scenes, and income.	While local scenes shift impacts, a striking result is that most neighbourhoods with more arts activity have more income. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	The entire community clearly benefits when a neighborhood cultural cluster sees its poverty rate decline and its population increase, but the artists and enterprises that stimulated the revival glean only the most indirect benefit. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	Strategic grants for place-making activitiessuch as distinctive streetscapes and lighting, community and park facilities, and local fairs or festivalswould also provide returns greater than their costs. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	Developing tools to track the level of economic transactions and the breadth and intensity of artistic social networks would greatly enhance the methodology. .
Kubey, K.,	Design for Impact: Measuring Architecture's Social Value in the United States.	That climate and economic crises put pressure on buildings to perform myriad social functions offers a critical role for architects: When we create value for society, society will pay us for it. .
Arikan Y., Clark T.N., Noonan D.S., Tolley G.	The arts, Bohemian scenes, and income	While local scenes shift impacts, a striking result is that most neighbourhoods with more arts activity have more income. .
Liu Y.-D.	Event and sustainable culture-led regeneration: Lessons from the 2008 European Capital of Culture, Liverpool	Conversely, investing in soft, event-led regeneration can immediately enhance the citys image, attract tourists, contact people and place, and also bring sustainable benefits to the local community 14 . .
Pastak I., Kährik A.	The impacts of culture-led flagship projects on local communities in the context of post-socialist tallinn	Gains were considered not always in terms of a direct financial return but in the form of an expected rise in profitability in the long runthrough the development of a creative economy or growth in real estate prices in the area. .
Mckenzie M., Hutton T.	Culture-led Regeneration in the Post-industrial Built Environment: Complements and Contradictions in Victory Square, Vancouver	According to them, in a crowded international market, it can mark the city as distinct, giving it a brand image and this can indirectly promote its economic competitiveness by increasing its position in the quality-life indexes of international investment rankings. .
Comunian R., Mould O.	The weakest link: Creative industries, flagship cultural projects and regeneration	It shows that often regeneration and flagship cultural investment acts in creating an international image and profile for a city and can have positive return in exporting this image, however this is often done at the expenses of local actors who are not able to benefit from this new infrastructure..
Slach O., Boruta T.	What can cultural and creative industries do for urban development? three stories from the postsocialist industrial city of ostrava	In a positive sense, primarily in relation to the process of gentrification, artists are praised for their ability to contribute to the overall valorisation of an area (e.g. by creating, understanding, and preserving values that give the area its value, Ley 2003). .
Ozden P.	Culture-led regeneration projects in post-industrial areas: The Istanbul experience	Looking at the economic aspect, experiences have shown that, culture-led regeneration practices have added economic value to the city as well as spatial and social value. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	Nowadays, festivals not only fulfill their traditional role as an institution that allows present, disseminate or preserve the culture of a society, but also stand out for their ability to generate wealth in the cities where they are held, for their contribution to the diversi$cation of the tourist product or to the improvement of the image of the place. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	The celebration of a festival can be a decisive factor in choosing a destination, a compelling reason for repeat visits or an element that improves the satisfaction of the visitors, which allows to develop the tourist pro$l and the cultural image of the place (Getz, 1997). .
Goldsmith B., O’Regan T.	LOCOMOTIVES AND STARGATES: Inner‐city studio complexes in Sydney, Melbourne and Toronto	It is also part of a new cultural and urban policy emphasis on infrastructure provision to enhance quality of life in cities, to attract tourists, to stimulate investment, rejuvenate inner-city areas and repopulate these areas with moneyed urban professionals and other new economy workers. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	The findings are overwhelmingly positive in terms of the personal and social gains arising from participation in the festival. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	In recent years, the strategy has been one of developing a strong central artistic programme for Bealtaine, thereby attracting greater funding support from arts organisations and higher profile for older people within the arts generally. .
Padilla-Llano S.E., Machado-Penso M.V., Reyes-Schade E., Larios-Giraldo P.M., Cabrera-Sánchez I., Martínez-Palacios E., González-Forero D., Tapias-Martínez J.	Barrio El Prado: A living museum for the city of Barranquilla Barrio el prado un museo vivo para la ciudad de Barranquilla.	The purposes of this intervention, which can be valued to a lesser or greater degree, depending on the nature of the project, consist of generating an improvement in the living conditions of the residents, as well as environmental conditions, economic development, social and cultural aspects of the sector and therefore of the city. .
Padilla-Llano S.E., Machado-Penso M.V., Reyes-Schade E., Larios-Giraldo P.M., Cabrera-Sánchez I., Martínez-Palacios E., González-Forero D., Tapias-Martínez J.	Barrio El Prado: A living museum for the city of Barranquilla Barrio el prado un museo vivo para la ciudad de Barranquilla.	This brought with it the displacement of the resident population to other sectors of the city, which had an impact on the value of real estate in the neighborhood, an opportunity that was taken advantage of by investors who, given the depletion of the real estate market in the neighborhoods of the historic core, they found in the vicinity of the Getsemani neighborhood the realization of their commercial, housing and tourism businesses, thus generating restoration, remodeling and construction actions in the sector. .
Booth K., O’Connor J.	Planning for creative effects: the Museum of Old and New Art	Much has been made of the social and economic benefits of incorporating arts and culture into urban planning frameworks. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	It is instrumental in adding economic values and nurturing local attraction capacity, but it can produce social spillovers, linked to the interaction between residents and tourists, nurturing the sense of identity. .
Fremaux S., Fremaux M.	Remembering the beatles legacy in hamburgs problematic tourism strategy	This link with nostalgia can be very positive and attractive for tourist agencies in building tourism attractions. .
Dean C., Donnellan C., Pratt A.C.	Tate Modern: Pushing the limits of regeneration	Clearly, this is not the only reason for galleries to be built, but in periods of public sector funding constraints it is a significant one; aided and abetted by the possibility that such an iconic gallery will create a media event, and prime cultural tourism (code for affluent tourists who take short stays in expensive hotels). .
Plaza B., Tironi M., Haarich S.N.	Bilbaos art scene and the Guggenheim effect revisited	Although it is clear that other factors may play a role, it can be asserted that the effects of the museum are not only limited to an increase in tourism or fiscal return, but also contribute to the development and spatial articulation of the local art scene and public support of the arts. .
Curtis A., Gibson L., O’Brien M., Roe B.	Systematic review of the impact of arts for health activities on health, wellbeing and quality of life of older people living in care homes	Conclusion International evidence emerging to date for arts for health activities for older people in care homes whether within or external to the home looks promising and can benefit residents health, wellbeing and quality of life. .
Thompson J., Day J.	Understanding the impact and value of temporary public art sculpture trails	These, together with other temporary events, can attract large numbers of visitors (both local and from outside the location) and generate spending. .
Thompson J., Day J.	Understanding the impact and value of temporary public art sculpture trails	If, as is clearly possible in a minority of cases, the auctioned artefacts have an investment as well as an artistic value linked to the celebrity or artist who created the unique design, then this would also be a beneficial longterm economic outcome for certain stakeholders. .
Dragićević V., Bole D., Bučić A., Prodanović A.	European capital of culture: Residents perception of social benefits and costs – maribor 2012 case study Evropska prestolnica kulture: Mnenje prebivalcev o družbenih koristih in stroških dogodka – primer Maribora 2012	As events are seen as a key motivator of cities economy, there is an increasing interest in the various benefits as well as costs associated with cultural events. .
Hanna G.P., Noelker L.S., Bienvenu B.	The arts, health, and aging in America: 2005-2015	New business models and marketing plans for arts organizations and community services are needed to fully engage the older population and to support sustainability of arts and educational institutions. .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Toma M., Kroll T., Joice S., Mead G., Donnan P., Williams B.	Feasibility study of the effects of art as a creative engagement intervention during stroke rehabilitation on improvement of psychosocial outcomes: Study protocol for a single blind randomized controlled trial: The ACES study	Background: Benefits of art participation after stroke are becoming increasingly recognized. .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Toma M., Kroll T., Joice S., Mead G., Donnan P., Williams B.	Feasibility study of the effects of art as a creative engagement intervention during stroke rehabilitation on improvement of psychosocial outcomes: Study protocol for a single blind randomized controlled trial: The ACES study	Benefits of art participation after stroke are becoming increasingly recognized. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	Continuing membership of society Art-making offered feelings of connectedness through enabling participants to experience continuing membership of the wider society, rather than feeling excluded into a ghetto of older retired people, or left in isolation at home: If you've got a skill that's marketable, you can get out there and you've got contact with people. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	In line with the regional planning strategy of developing town centres as an environmentally sustainable approach to economic and cultural development, a programme of environmental improvements and urban design schemes were undertaken in Wood Green. .
Criss S., Kleinmann M.	Dotte agency: A participatory design model for community health	As architects work towards eliminating health disparities, they must explore how improving multi-modal means of transportation (sidewalks, bike trails, public transportation, ride-sharing, etc.) access to public parks, and access to fresh food venues are critical to improving health in the built environment. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	addresses the social impact of participation because it is to this area of the arts that social benefits are most commonly attributed in policy discussion. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	People who participate in the arts also contribute to consumer support for the non-participatory arts sector. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Thus, culture was understood not only as a force capable of attracting tourists but also capable of generating exports, as The particular nature of local resources and know-how influences how products constituting the new cultural economy are brought up-to-date. .
Montalto, V., ; Campagna, D., ; Caperna, G.,	Does Culture Make a Better Citizen? Exploring the Relationship Between Cultural and Civic Participation in Italy	This association is slightly stronger for higher values of PCULT, probably due to the cumulative effects of arts and cultural participation. .
Montalto, V., ; Tacao Moura, C., J.; Langedijk, S., ; Saisana, M.,	Culture counts: An empirical approach to measure the cultural and creative vitality of European cities.	In which ones culture is also a driver of creative economies? .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Community-based arts programs, if well designed and executed, could also be an effective way to introduce youth to the arts, but they tend to be severely limited in resources. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	First, since few people will dispute that something which promotes economic growth has clear public benefits, an economic argument for the arts is a particularly useful starting place for convincing those who are not already supporters of the arts to become such. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Indirect economic benefits are those that result when the arts attract individuals and firms to locations where the arts are available. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	This framework also gives us a structure for describing how the arts contribute to communities. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Another means of facilitating early arts involvement is to tap into young peoples involvement in the commercial arts. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	When a cultural product proposed to a certain audience has a real meaning, it is economically and culturally valuable and its benefit is perceived not only by the individuals but also by the local, national and European community. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	The cultural activity is interpreted here as a key factor because it is a catalyst and not necessarily because it solely determines the well-being of the area, both socially and economically. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	It provides a way for communities to express themselves; enables artists, through financial or other supports, to engage in creative activity with communities; and is collaborative the creative process is equally important as the artistic outcome. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	They also have relationships with local artists as well as with some of the larger arts venues primarily concerned with the presentation of professional artwork. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Reports that are one-time efforts are useful, because they often call for the creation of indicators to monitor various aspects of the sector (however defined) over time and thus help to build demand for arts and culture data in general, and arts and culture indicators in particular. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Typical areas of inquiry include questions about citizen participation in the arts, citizen satisfaction with the quality and availability of arts opportunities in their communities, how much respondents value the arts and culture, and how respondents feel about the arts as an appropriate area of government expenditure. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	From this perspective, a place with a high density of employed artists provides an indication that the place has a cultural ecological system supporting the development of artists in such a way that artists are able to find employment.6 It is worth noting that measuring the presence of artists is a difficult task. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Collaborative marketing also considered that the stakeholders of a performing arts project can turn into a community of interest. .
Currid, E., ; Williams, S.,	Two cities, five industries: Similarities and differences within and between cultural industries in New York and Los Angeles	The patterns of cultural industry clustering and location have become increasingly significant in economic development literature and practice, as arts and culture have become central players in the revitalization of urban centers. .
Currid, E., ; Williams, S.,	Two cities, five industries: Similarities and differences within and between cultural industries in New York and Los Angeles	To establish effective economic development, understanding the clustering patterns of arts and culture is an important first step. .
Currid, E., ; Williams, S.,	Two cities, five industries: Similarities and differences within and between cultural industries in New York and Los Angeles	While cultural industries also have a global market, many of them involve performance, whether gallery openings or music shows, which means they need patronage in their immediate surroundings (whether this comes in the form of local residents or a constant flow of tourists). .
Gainza, X.,	Culture‑led neighbourhood transformations beyond the revitalisation/gentrification dichotomy.	The presence of artists and the areas reputation attracts other professionals with limited income and high cultural capital that are close to the aesthetic disposition and cultural competency of the artist. .
Markusen , A., ; Godwa, A.,	Arts and Culture in Urban or Regional Planning: A Review and Research Agenda	Researchers and advocacy bodies have used arts and cultural economic impact assessments to support the claim that the arts and cultural sector is an important contributor of jobs, output, and public sector revenues in a regional economy. .
Markusen , A., ; Godwa, A.,	Arts and Culture in Urban or Regional Planning: A Review and Research Agenda	The commercial cultural sector also encompasses art markets (galleries, art fairs, online Web sites), for-profit performing arts spaces (theaters, music clubs, restaurants), and artists who sell their work on commission, directly to the public or on the Web. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Consequently the indicators of community cultural development receiving most attention from cultural development workers and government alike, are familiar economic measures, more specifically those linked to cultural tourism strategies. .
Degen, M., ; Garcia, M.,	The Transformation of the ‘Barcelona Model’: An Analysis of Culture, Urban Regeneration.	First, culture in its widest sense, from cultural industries to museums or events, is regarded as a crucial pillar of economic development in the post-industrial city. .
Australian Expert Group in Industry Studies , AEGIS,	Social impacts of Participation in the Arts and Cultural Activities	The existence of arts and cultural activities could thus possibly be construed as contributing to the sense of self-worth of the Scottish community, even though the programs were not explicitly designed to have social impacts, other than attracting tourists perhaps. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	Others use active arts programming to cultivate donors. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	Cultural investment and cultural workers influence the attractiveness of places (cities and regions), the spirit and morale of people, as well as being the focus of policies, whether social cohesion, entrepreneurship, wellbeing, or investment. .
Reynolds F., Vivat B., Prior S.	Womens experiences of increasing subjective well-being in CFS/ME through leisure-based arts and crafts activities: A qualitative study	Various personal craft skills and family role models seemed to encourage a turn to art-making as a way of living with CFS/ME, as did the view that small arts and crafts projects might be feasible and satisfying for people with limited energy and strength. .
Kumari G., Ratnesh M., Eguruze E.S.	Role of CSR in supporting tribal handicrafts of Jharkhand	This program has been a perfect way of supporting rural women artisans in terms of social and economic development by utilizing their creative skills. .
Kumari G., Ratnesh M., Eguruze E.S.	Role of CSR in supporting tribal handicrafts of Jharkhand	Artisans can also be taught about Internet marketing that it can be used as a great tool to sell their products and create awareness about handicraft products..
Hsu K.-W., Lin M.-L., Chao J.-C., Huang S.-F.	Constructing an evaluation framework for eco-museum operations-management performance, based on the case of Jhushan, Taiwan	The public sector has likewise demonstrated an interest in developing bamboo art beyond its core crafts, and into a tool for meeting the localitys expanding economic and cultural needs. .
Liu Y.-D.	Event and sustainable culture-led regeneration: Lessons from the 2008 European Capital of Culture, Liverpool	In addition, the development of the cultural industry can also stimulate cultural consumption 8 . .
Comunian R., Mould O.	The weakest link: Creative industries, flagship cultural projects and regeneration	However, local creative practitioners recognise that the improved image of a city can have a beneficial impact on their business; it is easier to associate an SME or freelancer with a cultural city than non-cultural city (however that is branded). .
Comunian R., Mould O.	The weakest link: Creative industries, flagship cultural projects and regeneration	Of course there is a question of value behind many of the arguments of this paper: should publically supported new cultural developments engage in supporting their local (private) creative economy and local producers? .
Biondi L., Demartini P., Marchegiani L., Marchiori M., Piber M.	Understanding orchestrated participatory cultural initiatives: Mapping the dynamics of governance and participation	The participating artists have benefited too. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	These repercussions could be social, cultural, touristic or economic, since cultural goods and cultural events generate impacts in terms of production, income andjobs. .
Habron J., Butterly F., Gordon I., Roebuck A.	Being well, being musical: Music composition as a resource and occupation for older people	What the study has added Music composition, facilitated by appropriate staff, is a worthwhile addition to current arts-based occupations. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	The British Council report on Cultural Heritage for Inclusive Growth suggests that when communities are inclusive and bring people together in creating and protecting their own cultural heritage it also allows them to promote their cultural heritage, in cultural tourism terms, thus contributing to their own social and economic development 11 . .
Pavluković V., Stankov U., Arsenović D.	Social impacts of music festivals: A comparative study of sziget (Hungary) and exit (Serbia) Družbeni vplivi glasbenih festivalov: Primerjalna študija festivalov sziget na Madžarskem in exit v Srbiji	That hosting festival improves the promotion of the city internationally was another benefit of festivals. .
Windle G., Joling K.J., Howson-Griffiths T., Woods B., Jones C.H., Van De Ven P.M., Newman A., Parkinson C.	The impact of a visual arts program on quality of life, communication, and well-being of people living with dementia: A mixed-methods longitudinal investigation	It is worth noting that arts activities may need some careful marketing and service providers will likely need to address persistent cultural barriers around the arts to encourage people to take part. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Arts projects can provide cost-effective solutions The arts have many purposes, and play many social roles. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	In economic terms the case for supporting participatory arts projects arises principally from their contribution to social policy objectives. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	It is also the ultimate guarantor, for those who care about the arts, that they will continue to flourish even as we seek to harness them for social development. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	There are many questions about the economic impact of the arts which need to be addressed, for example: What contribution can they make to the training and employability of the workforce, especially for new forms of work? .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Beyond celebrating the local cultural heritage, creation and experiences, the initiative has gained a clear revitalisation purpose, i.e., of enabling the socioeconomic development of cities through culture: the European Capitals of Culture have become laboratories of strategic investment in culture, benefiting our economies and our societies as a whole (European Commission and Directorate-General for Education and Culture 2015:1). .
Evans, G.,	Measure for measure: evaluating the evidence of culture’s contribution to regeneration.	At the same time, the rationale for cultural input to area and neighbourhood regeneration has been extended to include quality of life, as well economic outcomes. .
Evans, G.,	Measure for measure: evaluating the evidence of culture’s contribution to regeneration.	There are culture and regeneration projects in which arts programmes have been retro-fitted to poorly conceived developments in an attempt to improve their appearance, to animate a place or to secure community involvement. .
Grossi, E.; Blessi, G. T.; Sacco, P.L.	Magic moments: Determinants of stress relief and subjective wellbeing from visiting a cultural heritage site.	If the arts and culture would gain enough credit as key factors of promotion of health and wellbeing, and therefore as a new major field of public health research and policy design, that would make a significant difference. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	For example, to the extent that community-level social benefits require the accumulation of a critical mass of local residents to become involved in the arts before social capital is formed within the community, the relationship between arts involvement and the generation of social capital will assume the form of increasing returns to scale. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	As we discuss in the next chapter, the arts community and cultural policymakers should renew their attention to these critical processes in order to bring more people into the kind of sustained involvement with the arts that can enhance their lives and enrich the public sphere. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The empirical arguments for collective social benefits primarily focus on how the arts can build social capital. .
Pareja, M., ; Piqué, J., M.	Urban regeneration and the creative knowledge economy: The case of 22@ in Barcelona	The majority of urban transformations executed before the Olympics decisively contributed to revitalising the economy of the city; in particular, all activities were affected by the pursuit of a strong tourism sector. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	In particular investments in cultural tourism not only allow the city to be more competitive as regards to attracting tourist flows, but above all, in case of cultural events with national and international echo, offer a unique chance to communicate, and re-launch if necessary, the citys image (identity). .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	THE ROLE OF ARCHITECTURE IN CULTURE-LED URBAN REGENERATION STRATEGIES 1. Introduction The phenomenon of regenerating the urban landscape is widely experienced and practiced, mainly for social and economic revitalization. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	This can be better understood considering the economic opportunities that culture provide to urban regeneration (and not only), through the appropriation of the symbolic economy. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Physical regeneration of historical areas and the creation of commercial and cultural attractions are seen as a component of wider economic regeneration. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	3. Culture-led regeneration, regional identity and the North East Culture-led regeneration can be understood as the use of cultural projects to revitalise economically depressed cities and regions. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	My interpretation unfolds terms of intersections of various aspects creating increased visibility of the city, with a handful of social and economic positive consequences, where cultural regeneration is the catalyst. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	It has, however, been considered, at least by the general public - as a sure means of generating local economic development and of fostering regeneration. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	The investment in infrastructure ought to have a more lasting effect - whether spending is on improving or renovating the city in general or on specific, culture-related buildings. .
Li, Y., ; Winters, J., V.	Urbanisation, natural amenities and subjective well-being: Evidence from US counties.	Positive effects of urbanisation on well-being might result from agglomeration economies and increased variety and quality of consumption opportunities. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	There are culture and regeneration projects in which arts programmes have been retro-fitted to poorly conceived developments in an attempt to improve their appearance, to animate a place or to secure community involvement. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	New buildings The Lottery has also been a source of funding for a wave of new cultural facilities, many of them in areas deemed to be in need of regeneration. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	The project has made a significant economic contribution to the regeneration of the area. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	The potential of the area was recognised as it became increasingly colonised and slowly regenerated by artists, and attracted City Challenge funding. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	The extent to which cultural projects demonstrate a better and more sustained economic impact than other forms of intervention is therefore a factor in assessing cultures contribution to regeneration. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	These players will have to ask themselves: What kinds of arts-related entities require further development or support in the communities in question for true cultural vitality to flourish? .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Participatory budgeting, instead, is a more inclusive and holistic approach to participatory decision-making that might have beneficial results for the political status of the arts and for levels of arts funding by national and local governments. .
Jones, A., L.	Regenerating Urban Waterfronts—Creating Better Futures—From Commercial and Leisure Market Places to Cultural Quarters and Innovation Districts.	The move toward more culturally orientated approaches to regeneration have involved the development of locally based innovation and cultural strategies in partnership with local municipalities which are increasingly turning to cultural resources and small business operations to both stimulate new economic activity and to aid physical regeneration of urban environments, waterfronts and communities. .
Markusen , A., ; Godwa, A.,	Arts and Culture in Urban or Regional Planning: A Review and Research Agenda	Cities have powerful tools for shaping the cultural economyland use and redevelopment planning, ownership of substantial parcels of land and buildings for redevelopment, infrastructure provision, and financial resources such as dedicated taxes and various community and economic development funds. .
Galloway, S.,	Theory-based evaluation and the social impact of the arts	The outcome of the Invest to Save study is a proposed model of transformational change demonstrating how outcomes beneficial for health and wellbeing may be possible through the mechanism of arts engagement. .
García, B.,	Urban Regeneration, Arts Programming and Major Events: Glasgow 1990, Sydney 2000 and Barcelona 2004	To address this, the city invested in cleaning and lighting its many Victorian heritage buildings; it funded a promotional campaign aimed at communicating its progress to external parties and boosting the pride and confidence of the local community - the very successful Miles Better campaign; it created the first official city tourism board; and, importantly, it invested in the arts. .
García, B.,	Urban Regeneration, Arts Programming and Major Events: Glasgow 1990, Sydney 2000 and Barcelona 2004	Bidding for a major arts event was seen as an ideal catalyst for the city centre revitalisation plans. .
García, B.,	Urban Regeneration, Arts Programming and Major Events: Glasgow 1990, Sydney 2000 and Barcelona 2004	Furthermore, hosting the title helped securing additional funding for refurbishing old derelict buildings and transforming them into avant-garde arts venues such as the Arches and the Tramway. .
Landry, C., ; Bianchini, F.,	The Creative City	A creative city requires land and buildings at affordable prices, preferably close to other cultural amenities. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Here is a role for cultural districts in nurturing small-scale cultural assets to strengthen poorer neighbourhoods. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	The stated ambition is for the BID to use the arts not simply for rebranding or increasing footfall, but for its ability to support a diverse and democratic society. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	More research and experimentation are needed to better understand the economics of producing different types of active arts programs. .
Arikan, Y., ; Clark, T., N.; Noonan, D., S.; Tolley, G.,	The arts, Bohemian scenes, and income.	Where and how might efforts to revitalize neighbourhoods by integrating or enhancing the arts succeed? .
Arikan, Y., ; Clark, T., N.; Noonan, D., S.; Tolley, G.,	The arts, Bohemian scenes, and income.	These results challenge the view that the arts simply follow, not drive, wealth, and suggest that the arts can add value (e.g. by generating buzz via better texts, posters, websites and more) and effectively foster neighbourhood revitalization. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	Cultural districts have attracted increased attention as an urban economic development strategy. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	In recent decades, a number of cities have turned to big-ticket downtown cultural districts as the strategy to expand their creative economy. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	We argue that culture can revive urban economies, not by placing a shiny veneer over crumbling decay, but by using the arts to engage community residents and revitalize their neighborhoods. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	Planning interventions can build upon and leverage existing resources to make a cultural cluster more successful at generating economic and social benefits. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	Some neighborhoods simply do not have the social ingredients necessary to sustain a vibrant creative sector without long-term support. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	Ideally, construction of a longitudinal database with both individual and neighborhood indicators would enable assessment of the benefits and costs of culture-based revitalization to people as well as places. .
Serafinelli, M., ; Tabellini, G.,	Creativity Over Time and Space	Could this be the mechanism, namely transitions into commune enhance economic prosperity, and this in turn induces an increase in local creativity? .
Rosenstein, C.,	Cultural development and city neighborhoods.	Cities around the world are building and branding urban cultural life as a way to develop local economies and revitalize urban centers. .
Grodach, C.,	Museums as Urban Catalysts: The Role of Urban Design in Flagship Cultural Development	Foremost, the cases highlight the important role that both urban design and the local and regional context play in the ability of a flagship cultural project to alter place images and function as a catalyst for economic development. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	This trend is often due to greater understanding of as well as increased evidence of the impact of cultural investment on urban regeneration and socio-economic objectives. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Accordingly, they are making smart investment in culture to deliver greater social, economic and cultural impacts. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	The role of creativity and creative industries in cities should be a relevant matter of analysis for their ability and capacity: to promote cultural heritage; to act as centres for urban and regional growth; to foster urban liveability, social cohesion and cultural integration; to contribute to economic vitality of cities, in terms of output, value added, incomes, employment and further indirect and induced effects (positive externalities) (see e.g. tourism and cultural heritage, cultural attractions); to attract investment in other industries (UNCTAD, 2010, p. 12). .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	This analysis showed the many different ways in which promoting investment and public support to the CCS can be important not only to foster sustainable economic growth, but also to place creativity as a potential contributor to social inclusion, intercultural dialogue, quality of life, urban regeneration. .
Navarro Yanez, C., J.	Do ‘creative cities’ have a dark side? Cultural scenes and socioeconomic status in Barcelona and Madrid (1991–2001)	Cities initiate processes of urban renewal in their central and older areas to attract tourists. .
Rahbarianyazd, R., ; Doratli, N.,	Assessing the contribution of cultural agglomeration in urban regeneration through developing cultural strategies.	Problems arising with economic restructuring and pressures of globalization have provoked cities to exploit cultural resources in an agglomerated mode in their efforts to boost their economy, regenerate their urban quarters and increase their competitiveness (Richards & Palmer, 2010). .
Kochergina E.	Urban Planning Aspects of Museum Quarters as an Architectural Medium for Creative Cities	1, 2 Intensive appearance and productive functioning of cultural quarters in brownfield boosted economic growth and urban regeneration. .
Catenaccio P., Khonsari T.	The construction of a civic neighbourhood as/through cultural production a discourse analytical approach to participatory art and temporary architecture	Economic viability is therefore portrayed as a condition for community development; but community development is, at the same time, presented as a catalyst for economic growth (community development initiatives ... help revitalize the high street). .
Urbanowicz K., Nyka L.	Interactive and Media Architecture - From Social Encounters to City Planning Strategies	Gradually, the synergy of artistic projects with official municipal strategies of urban renewal focused on that part of the city seems to bring about the most promising effects. .
Środa-Murawska S.	Railway feat. culture – Rumia library effect as an example of the influence of culture-led regeneration in a medium-sized city in Poland	Attention should also be paid to the impact of RLE on the development of a medium-sized city through its potential of this type of investment to become an icon; potential for creating urban branding; potential for strengthening the interest of residents in reading and in the participation in cultural life, thus increasing the quality of social capital and chance to renovate decaying railway buildings everywhere..
Martins J.C.	Tangible cultural heritage re-appropriation towards a new urban centrality. A critical crossroad in semi-peripheral eastern riverside lisbon	This re-appropriation promotes new productive activities, consumption, and cultural amusement as regeneration drivers, particularly in significant areas of decayed cities, such as former nobility or post-industrial sites. .
Arikan Y., Clark T.N., Noonan D.S., Tolley G.	The arts, Bohemian scenes, and income	Where and how might efforts to revitalize neighbourhoods by integrating or enhancing the arts succeed? .
Arikan Y., Clark T.N., Noonan D.S., Tolley G.	The arts, Bohemian scenes, and income	These results challenge the view that the arts simply follow, not drive, wealth, and suggest that the arts can add value (e.g. by generating buzz via better texts, posters, websites and more) and effectively foster neighbourhood revitalization. .
Liu Y.-D.	Event and sustainable culture-led regeneration: Lessons from the 2008 European Capital of Culture, Liverpool	Culture-led urban regeneration, including investments in large-scale cultural events and facilities, has been widely accepted by European cities as an important component of urban renewal and local economic development. .
Liu Y.-D.	Event and sustainable culture-led regeneration: Lessons from the 2008 European Capital of Culture, Liverpool	The creative industry tends to be more sustainable and have greater effects on local economic structure, but it takes a longer time to be realised. .
Cerreta M., Daldanise G., Sposito S.	Culture-led regeneration for urban spaces Monitoring complex values networks in action	What kinds of new uses for public spaces and places must we improve in order to generate complex values and enhance the engagement of communities? .
Zhou X., Hristova D., Noulas A., Mascolo C., Sklar M.	Cultural investment and urban socio-economic development: A geosocial network approach	Culture-led urban regeneration, as one of the main branches of urban regeneration, has received increasing attention globally in recent decades and been applied by a number of governments as a boost to revitalizing depressed urban areas. .
Zhou X., Hristova D., Noulas A., Mascolo C., Sklar M.	Cultural investment and urban socio-economic development: A geosocial network approach	Realizing the positive effects that might be brought, a growing number of cities have begun to put more effort and allocate more financial resources to culture to promote urban regeneration. .
Zhou X., Hristova D., Noulas A., Mascolo C., Sklar M.	Cultural investment and urban socio-economic development: A geosocial network approach	Furthermore, investing more in cultural and related services seems to have the ability to boost local development for deprived areas. .
Zhou X., Hristova D., Noulas A., Mascolo C., Sklar M.	Cultural investment and urban socio-economic development: A geosocial network approach	Generally, investing more in culture is able to promote the growth of network graph in several ways. .
Pastak I., Kährik A.	The impacts of culture-led flagship projects on local communities in the context of post-socialist tallinn	This kind of urban renewal is strongly associated with the development of the creative economy, which emerged out of an alternative and bohemian atmosphere and has developed into well-financed creative urban renewal projects initiated by public authorities and private companies. .
Comunian R., Mould O.	The weakest link: Creative industries, flagship cultural projects and regeneration	It is important to consider the role and scale of activities surrounding the cultural investment in Newcastle-Gateshead as they are embedded in urban, local, regional, national and even international funding and initiatives that have promoted local cultural regeneration as key to local economic development. .
Ozden P.	Culture-led regeneration projects in post-industrial areas: The Istanbul experience	While urban governments and the private sector have recognized these areas as an opportunity for urban regeneration, culture-led regeneration has emerged as an effective method to regenerate the post-industrial abandoned areas. .
Evans G.	Participation and provision in arts & culture – bridging the divide	Local and regional arts funding has looked to strengthening the arts infrastructure as part of social amenity provision, as well as regeneration and economic development (Evans, 2005), and therefore as a prime mechanism for attracting arts participation and investment - both consumption and capital. .
Padilla-Llano S.E., Machado-Penso M.V., Reyes-Schade E., Larios-Giraldo P.M., Cabrera-Sánchez I., Martínez-Palacios E., González-Forero D., Tapias-Martínez J.	Barrio El Prado: A living museum for the city of Barranquilla Barrio el prado un museo vivo para la ciudad de Barranquilla.	They are policies that seek to reclaim vacant land and buildings to beneficial uses, create new forms of work where they have been lost, improve the urban environment, and address a range of urban problems. .
Vardopoulos I., Stamopoulos C., Chatzithanasis G., Michalakelis C., Giannouli P., Pastrapa E.	Considering urban development paths and processes on account of adaptive reuse projects	Adaptive reuse is an urban sustainability development evolving process, used to manage assets and resources efficiently, resulting in economic development, increased local attraction, and revitalized community engagement. .
Mantziou L.	Museum Cluster as Urban Defibrillator	Reshaping the city profile through the creation of emblematic architectural projects is continuously attracting new investors but also tourists. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	This kind of art, called social art, is supported by new types of economy as collaborative and sharing economy and is an aid for facing new urban challenges, which are evident in Torre Annunziata. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	In the third scenario, art is instrumental in adding economic/cultural values and in engaging people, sharing knowledge, connecting people, designing urban recovery, finding the strength for change. .
Cristina M., Loreta C., Daniel P., George M., Cristian D., Radu P.	The role of technical museums in the regeneration of industrial functionally, restructured regions (Romania)	Technical museums can serve as an instrument in revitalizing the economy of functionally-restructur- ing regions. .
Cristina M., Loreta C., Daniel P., George M., Cristian D., Radu P.	The role of technical museums in the regeneration of industrial functionally, restructured regions (Romania)	Establishing technical museums in industrial areas that have undergone functional restructuring it is an instrument in the process of cultural regeneration, which, on the one hand, ensures a continuity of industrial patrimony assets, and on the other hand contributes to reviving the local economy, by including them in the tourist circuit. .
Boyce M., Bungay H., Munn-Giddings C., Wilson C.	The impact of the arts in healthcare on patients and service users: A critical review	While there is already some economic analyses of arts for health interventions, in addition to the research about individual health benefits, there is a need for further funded research and reviews focussing on both cost-effectiveness and the wider benefits to society if the continued integration of arts in health is to be maintained..
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Joice S., Kroll T., Mead G., Donnan P., Toma M., Williams B.	Art participation for psychosocial wellbeing during stroke rehabilitation: a feasibility randomised controlled trial	A future definitive cluster RCT would facilitate full evaluation of the value art participation can add to rehabilitation. .
Kaimal, G.; Gonzaga, A., M.; Schwachter, V.	Crafting, health and wellbeing: findings from the survey of public participation in the arts and considerations for art therapists.	We argue that craft and other forms of creative activities are a potential point of entry for working with clients. .
la Cour K., Josephsson S., Luborsky M.	Creating connections of life during life-threatening illness: Creative activity experienced by elderly people and occupational therapists	In making creations, joy emerged through sensory meeting with the material. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	One respondent wrote that becoming part ofa craft can help you develop your ideas, while another felt that being part of the committee organising Bealtaine events helped us form ideas as a group and I enjoyed being part of the organisation committee. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The mantra was growth and jobs, and rightly so, as it was crucial to react to the economic slump. .
Pareja, M., ; Piqué, J., M.	Urban regeneration and the creative knowledge economy: The case of 22@ in Barcelona	In that sense, policy strategies have developed lines of investment oriented to attract not only companies, but also human capital, promoting a captivating and charming city. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	The recognition of the economic and importance in decision-making preferences, rising from the management of a products image, encouraged product design to engage marketing strategies to increase customers demand. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	The region needs to make itself more attractive to new businesses and highly skilled professionals and workers. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	The total impact, of course, depends upon several factors - the scale of the industry in the given location, the absolute number of visitors attracted, the income generated in the wider area, the number of jobs created and the physical transformation of the locality. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Even in the medium-term, of course, tourism should generate jobs, profit, tax revenues and the like - and also vital, private investment. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	In addition to the attempts to involve the population, efforts are also needed to involve local business - both to assure positive cooperation from the sector and also to underpin the necessary fund-raising. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Economic Regeneration Economic impacts and processes need to be delivered by providing support for new job creation and employment; increasing land and property values; sourcing funding for social projects. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	This spending has a direct positive impact on the towns economy. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	This is essential for social and economic movement within areas, for access to employment and leisure outside of the area, and for movement into the area, particularly for visitors -business and pleasure. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	Industries, and thus facilitate networking and complementary as a way of establishing a self-generating and sustainable local Creative Industries employment market. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Participants were of the opinion that marketing can be used to increase existing demand and potentially develop new demand. .
Landry, C., ; Bianchini, F.,	The Creative City	It has attracted people to move back into the city centre, increased property and land values and enhanced the turnover of shops. .
Cicerchia, A.,	Social and economic impacts of culture in ECoC Italian candidate cities	It could also consider the wider economic impact of the year on areas such as inward investment, employment and job creation, and the strength and quality of the local business sector. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	To attract new citizens and retain its current population, the city needs to be able to provide jobs and business opportunities. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Furthermore, the strategic plan suggests that these organizations may form partnerships with the business community in order to improve their funding prospects. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Planners supportive of community economic development recognize that in the global economy there are employment opportunities all over the world and communities must find new ways of competing to attract new citizens. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	The income generated from events and retailing is a key part of the business model. .
Grodach, C.,	Museums as Urban Catalysts: The Role of Urban Design in Flagship Cultural Development	The primary goal for both agencies was to create a high-profile project that would improve the image of its surrounding downtown area and, in turn, catalyze commercial activity and attract visitors there. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	First, cities have acquired an even greater role in socio-economic development due to the high concentration of people and economic activity they favour. .
Vrtana D., Krizanova A., Skorvagova E., Valaskova K.	Exploring the affective level in adolescents in relation to advertising with a selected emotional appeal	This can help increase the companys profits. .
Vrtana D., Krizanova A., Skorvagova E., Valaskova K.	Exploring the affective level in adolescents in relation to advertising with a selected emotional appeal	For the company, we see the benefit in the impact of advertising on the life of the company. .
Vrtana D., Krizanova A., Skorvagova E., Valaskova K.	Exploring the affective level in adolescents in relation to advertising with a selected emotional appeal	From a business point of view, well-designed advertising responding to the current social problem can contribute to the rapid spread through social networks. .
Horgan D., Dimitrijević B.	Frameworks for citizens participation in planning: From conversational to smart tools	Given its popularity among commercial leaders - namely large technology companies - and local governments focused on growth, the Smart City concept and suite of technologies can be viewed as a means for improving decision-making on management of cities services, currently heavily focused on economic improvement. .
Horghagen S., Josephsson S., Alsaker S.	The use of craft activities as an occupational therapy treatment modality in Norway during 1952-1960	To succeed with this work there must be a market for the products. .
Kumari G., Ratnesh M., Eguruze E.S.	Role of CSR in supporting tribal handicrafts of Jharkhand	Corporates can enable the local economy to reap the benefits of globalization by providing adequate marketing skills. .
Cerreta M., Daldanise G., Sposito S.	Culture-led regeneration for urban spaces Monitoring complex values networks in action	It stimulates the growth of many sectors, as evidenced by research reports produced by several governmental agencies, which had important effects on development models and the economy in general. .
Shaw K.	Y21: Culture-led regeneration in twenty-first century UK city regions	Investment is the lifeblood of a city, but proximity also creates capacity for growth and demand. .
Slach O., Boruta T.	What can cultural and creative industries do for urban development? three stories from the postsocialist industrial city of ostrava	The area was already considered by local citizens an integral part of the city centre, and its growing importance for tourism in the city further boosted its commercialisation. .
Ozden P.	Culture-led regeneration projects in post-industrial areas: The Istanbul experience	It stimulates the growth of many sectors, as evidenced by research reports produced by several governmental agencies, which had important effects on development models and the economy in general. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	It generates, in short, an active circulation of funds among agents of the local and regional economy, both public and private, as well as higher spending by local viewers that also impacts the territory. .
Ylipulli J., Luusua A.	“Without libraries what have we? : Public libraries as nodes for technological empowerment in the era of smart cities, AI and big data	The smart city agenda, thus enables businesses to further capture public assets and services by offering technological solutions to urban problems. .
Moya E., Moya J.	Prosum, swarming and transmedia. Towards a new concept of stakeholder Prosumo, swarming y transmedia. Hacia un nuevo concepto de Stakeholder	In all case , the organizations they have found also in those environments new business opportunities . .
Yamamura T., Zhang T.X., Fujiki Y.	The social and cultural impact of tourism development on world heritage sites: A case of the Old Town of Lijiang, China, 2000-2004	It is necessary to foster the kind of local industry that will enable the local community to keep abreast of the high economic value and high rental charges of the protected buildings. .
Hanna G.P., Noelker L.S., Bienvenu B.	The arts, health, and aging in America: 2005-2015	Professional development in the area of universal design was viewed as essential to progress on this major issue, encouraging designers, builders, and developers to strengthen business and marketing plans. .
Landry, C., ; Bianchini, F.,	The Creative City	Branding Branding is a way of identifying a place with particular attributes. .
Evans, G.,	Measure for measure: evaluating the evidence of culture’s contribution to regeneration.	Economic regeneration is more concerned with growth and property development and finds expression in prestige projects and place-marketing. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	These concepts can build on the arts benefits literature on social capital. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Therefore, the Be SpectACTive! website has proven itself to be a good valorisation tool in terms of dissemination and exploitation of the project, and for maximising the impact of the project results by increasing its value, strengthening its impact, enabling its transfer and spreading it into different contexts. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	This specialization provides a vehicle for ideas and creative innovative thinking, to generate added value to compete in a post-industrial arena. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	Economic regeneration is more concerned with growth and property development and finds expression in prestige projects and place marketing. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	This approach turns the value chain into a virtuous cycle, where audiences represent an operational stage increasing the value contributed by creators, producers and promoters. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	There is much evidence to suggest that productivity and wealth are increased as a result of greater attention being paid to how to improve the way people work together, build relationships and create their futures together. .
García, B.,	Urban Regeneration, Arts Programming and Major Events: Glasgow 1990, Sydney 2000 and Barcelona 2004	The tendency to prioritise the spectacular over more complex and rooted messages might facilitate managing the event and achieving immediate economic impacts. .
Landry, C., ; Bianchini, F.,	The Creative City	They prefigure what a place might become and make it easier to generate resources for future development. .
Ratti, M.,	Outcome indicators for the cultural sector	Impact investment, if it will take off, may be tilted towards the Excellence tier, which is more likely to develop a capacity to repay in appropriable money as discussed above. .
Ratti, M.,	Outcome indicators for the cultural sector	Given suitable investees, one requirement is money to invest in them. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Economic development is a major goal of Brandons community strategic plan and the engagement of archivists and records managers may enable Brandon to foster local knowledge-based economic growth. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	Robust evaluation can also help in raising additional funding from third parties (private sponsors), and is fundamental to improving programmes and projects over the long run. .
Vrtana D., Krizanova A., Skorvagova E., Valaskova K.	Exploring the affective level in adolescents in relation to advertising with a selected emotional appeal	Using emotions in advertising can also strengthen the overall financial performance of the company. .
Tatlow-Golden M., Parker D.	The devil is in the detail: Challenging the UK department of health’s 2019 impact assessment of the extent of online marketing of unhealthy foods to children	Brand advertising is a cornerstone of building, maintaining and expanding a market and sales. .
Mahmoud R.A., Wael A.	Urban policy as a main key towards sustainable built environment of popular neighbourhood: Case study of El Cabanyal Valencia Spain	We believe that the proposed project is capable of adding values to the current neighbourhood. .
Haklay M., Jankowski P., Zwoliński Z.	Selected modern methods and tools for public participation in urban planning - A review	The data are sold for profit - a wealth of data that can be useful. .
Pastak I., Kährik A.	The impacts of culture-led flagship projects on local communities in the context of post-socialist tallinn	Flagship projects can accelerate local development through providing credibility for subsequent projectsas the neighbourhoods image improves, the area tends to be perceived as a more secure location to invest in Temelova 2007 . .
Ezepue E.M.	The New Nollywood: Professionalization or Gentrification of Cultural Industry	An essential boost to gentrification is the availability of capital/resources. .
Dean C., Donnellan C., Pratt A.C.	Tate Modern: Pushing the limits of regeneration	This led many cities to make significant efforts to develop their own economies, but more so to attract foreign mobile investment. .
Dean C., Donnellan C., Pratt A.C.	Tate Modern: Pushing the limits of regeneration	Those with a stake in the property market will, of course, benefit as, critically, will city tax payers. .
Linton J.	Quiet contributors: The role of the arts, humanities and social sciences in innovation	Another challenge is finding the appropriate measurement for value creation. .
Linton J.	Quiet contributors: The role of the arts, humanities and social sciences in innovation	This allows the adopter to exploit and capture the potential value associated with the innovation. .
Thompson J., Day J.	Understanding the impact and value of temporary public art sculpture trails	Those with a predominant commercial lens would see a business opportunity the most convenient perspective; resources have to be provided and allocated, and securing a return in excess of all costs (direct and indirect) is a key measure of success. .
Dragićević V., Bole D., Bučić A., Prodanović A.	European capital of culture: Residents perception of social benefits and costs – maribor 2012 case study Evropska prestolnica kulture: Mnenje prebivalcev o družbenih koristih in stroških dogodka – primer Maribora 2012	Larger financial investments in the event are justified largely by the economic returns it is expected to generate, rather than the cultural benefits the event may produce. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	This diversity is literally vital, not only enriching in its own right, but guaranteeing the future strength of our culture and our society. .
Grossi, E., ; Sacco, P.L., ; Blessi, G.T., ; Cerutti, R.,	The Impact of Culture on the Individual Subjective Well-Being of the Italian Population: An Exploratory Study	Cultural experiences may be much more than a nice way to spend ones free, leisure time. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	These dynamics exploit cultural assets as opportunities to produce and export high value products, services and experiences, through the symbols and knowledge these assets convey. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	In precis, this study is driven by the increasing demand to account for other dimensions of cultures transformative power on the development of societies besides economic spillover, in order to describe the value of culture in society. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Therefore, this identified function of culture within sustainable development policies, as inducer of social capital formation, exposes the symbolic value brought by culture, should not be only confined to the role of culture in the economic growth (discussed on the first chapter) - where cultural assets are opportunities to produce and export high value products and services - but should be prolonged to a more extensive role of culture on social urban change -where culture is the glue that sets the foundation at a profound level in society and helps to mediate, through a complex system of networks, the action and transformation towards sustainable development. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Measuring changes in subjective well‑being from engagement in the arts, culture and sport	The empirical findings have a number of implications for research into well-being and that which considers the value of arts, culture and sport. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	In other words, investment in culture is justified in terms of cultures ability to promote broad public policy objectives. .
Richards, G., ; Wilson , J.,	Social Capital, Cultural Festivals and Tourism in Catalunya	This feeling is more readily converted into a feeling of pride in showing that culture to others if the level of social capital is higher. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Besides, they could be also helpful for the subsequent creation of a local development strategy based on the exploitation of culture with long term prospective impacts on it. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	It is also necessary to work out some punctual strategies to increase the value of local talent and local cultural entrepreneurs and to attract new external resources and talents. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	The concept involved new forms of tourism - religious, scientific and cultural - which could make better use of the local and regional conditions. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	For example prestige and flagship projects are more likely to bring benefit to the local middle class and cultural tourists. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	By offering a new approach to standardized measurement of cultural vitality, they can be used in research and public policy development work to more fully account for the role of art and culture in community, economic, and cultural development. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Here are presented some of the main positive effects identified through field research, respectively on artists, participants and venues (positive according to their different points of view). .
Chong, T.,	Singapore's cultural policy and its consequences	Such images and representations are also signifiers of global capital, which the Global City for the Arts project was designed to attract. .
García, B.,	Urban Regeneration, Arts Programming and Major Events: Glasgow 1990, Sydney 2000 and Barcelona 2004	The main principle behind it was that the world needed major events with a focus on culture, education and the long-term viability of the experience. .
Tavano Blessi, G.; Grossi, E.; Sacco, P. L.; Piereti, G.; Ferilli, G.	The contribution of cultural participation to urban well-being. A comparative study in Bolzano/Bozen and Siracusa, Italy	Like social capital, culture needs an appropriate motivational base and value orientation context for it, to be fixed into valuable stock for individuals and communities, not only in terms of cultural capital but also of the indirect effects on the accumulation of other assets such as human and social capital. .
García, B., ; Melville, R., ; Cox, T.,	Creating an Impact: Liverpool’s Experience as European Capital of Culture	What we also want from the winning city is a clear approach to maximising legacy and, notably, being able to evaluate impact across social and economic, as well as cultural, domains. .
Australian Expert Group in Industry Studies , AEGIS,	Social impacts of Participation in the Arts and Cultural Activities	It should be remembered, the authors say, that culture, in its widest sense, improves the quality of life. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	The following section briefly explains the social benefits of heritage conservation, which form the theoretical framework of this research study. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Thus, revitalized heritage buildings can benefit society by acting as reminders of the history of traditional trades and businesses. .
Backman, M., ; Nilsson, P.,	The role of cultural heritage in attracting skilled individuals	They find that some types of cultural heritage sites, such as historic buildings and memorials, provide positive spillovers to property prices and interpret these price premiums as capturing esthetic beauty. .
Backman, M., ; Nilsson, P.,	The role of cultural heritage in attracting skilled individuals	These findings support the hypotheses that high-human-capital individuals value the availability of cultural amenities (Moretti 2004); they also support the idea of cultural heritage as an important locational attribute that can increase the attractivity of an area. .
Backman, M., ; Nilsson, P.,	The role of cultural heritage in attracting skilled individuals	Although we anticipate a positive relationship between the local supply of cultural heritages and the growth of high-skilled individuals, it is also important to note that there could also be negative consequences of proximity to these heritages. .
Backman, M., ; Nilsson, P.,	The role of cultural heritage in attracting skilled individuals	Thus, given the size and other location-specific variables built heritages and cultural environments are factors for local policy makers to consider in attempts to increase the attractiveness of their local area. .
Backman, M., ; Nilsson, P.,	The role of cultural heritage in attracting skilled individuals	It is also important to distinguish between natural and cultural qualities as different sources of regional attractiveness and growth. .
Backman, M., ; Nilsson, P.,	The role of cultural heritage in attracting skilled individuals	Building on such arguments, built heritages and cultural environments are strategic resources with the potential to improve regional attractiveness and are hypothesized to play a significant role to explain growth in the level of human capital. .
Backman, M., ; Nilsson, P.,	The role of cultural heritage in attracting skilled individuals	These results suggest that cultural heritage constitutes an important place-based resource in Sweden with the potential to improve regional attractiveness. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Public programming may provide outlets through which archivists can share their enthusiasm for archival records and demonstrate their value to society.29 An archives with a key role in community development activities would require a proactive public programming agenda. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	In many cases, archival institutions can add value to the existing functions of an organization by improving information management practices or providing contextual historical information. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Archives have the ability to add value to community development projects. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Nurturing such assets and infrastructure might find a place in cultural districts social equity agendas. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Here is a cultural district formed from major cultural institutions with the explicit goal of securing additional artistic, social and economic value. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	It serves to create an aesthetic, an atmosphere and ultimately shapes the attractiveness of places. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	The model is based on the proposition that it is the cultural value of cultural goods that gives these industries their most distinguishing characteristic. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Heritage has a role in promoting tourism and attracting tourism to cities. .
Mahmoud R.A., Wael A.	Urban policy as a main key towards sustainable built environment of popular neighbourhood: Case study of El Cabanyal Valencia Spain	It is rather seen as a local community of iconic importance with potentials of an interesting cultural heritage and geographical distinctiveness that should be protected. .
Widodo J., Wong Y.C., Ismail F.	DIGITAL HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE METHODOLOGY for HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT of SINGAPORE	This could enhance the overall cultural image of Singapore. .
Widodo J., Wong Y.C., Ismail F.	DIGITAL HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE METHODOLOGY for HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT of SINGAPORE	Its posts make use of multi-sensory media such as high-quality photos and videos to enhance content and retain interest. .
Liu Y.-D.	Event and sustainable culture-led regeneration: Lessons from the 2008 European Capital of Culture, Liverpool	Richards and Palmer 2 also point out that cultural facilities built for hosting events may also bring important impetus to the cultural life of the city, and are often regarded as a core element of the events succession planning. .
Zhou X., Hristova D., Noulas A., Mascolo C., Sklar M.	Cultural investment and urban socio-economic development: A geosocial network approach	In addition to the benefits mentioned above, another byproduct of culture-led regeneration is creating the city branding, which is thought to be particularly attractive to those international metropolizes with an expectation to make the city an alluring base so as to promote its functional role in the global economy 5,6 . .
Pastak I., Kährik A.	The impacts of culture-led flagship projects on local communities in the context of post-socialist tallinn	The idea that culture can be employed as a driver for urban economic growth has become part of the new orthodoxy by which cities seek to enhance their competitive position. .
Comunian R., Mould O.	The weakest link: Creative industries, flagship cultural projects and regeneration	these cultural of assets are the kinds of things that make frankly for good window dressing. .
Comunian R., Mould O.	The weakest link: Creative industries, flagship cultural projects and regeneration	The policy literature often highlights the positive externalities of investments in new flagship cultural infrastructure for a city. .
Mastandrea S., Fagioli S., Biasi V.	Art and psychological well-being: Linking the brain to the aesthetic emotion	If aesthetically pleasing, such an experience can be defined rewarding. .
Plaza B., Haarich S.N.	The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao: Between Regional Embeddedness and Global Networking	Image accumulation fuels increasing demand for place, which reinforces a brand and ultimately attracts cultural visitors (Figure 4). .
Cristina M., Loreta C., Daniel P., George M., Cristian D., Radu P.	The role of technical museums in the regeneration of industrial functionally, restructured regions (Romania)	In virtue of their cultural function, technical museums are included in the category of man-made tourist resources, a fact that can favor their inclusion in the development strategies of the areas hit by economic reorganization, having a well-defined role and place in the system of touristic capitalization of those regions. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Where performance traditions are concerned, this means that particular performance genres can be used effectively as vehicles for health promotion, as is the case with wayang kulit in this project, by capitalising on their resonance as items of cultural heritage. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The study shares ethnographic and media data with a view to increasing knowledge of successful arts-developmental approaches that increase socioeconomic status and related benefits. .
Bernard M., Rickett M., Pruchno R.	The cultural value of older peoples experiences of theater-making: A review	This could enhance our understanding of the cultural value provided by older people, rather than just the value they derive from their participation. .
Thompson J., Day J.	Understanding the impact and value of temporary public art sculpture trails	These events will all deliver some benefit to their locality, however small, possibly transient and qualitative that contribution might be, and so, place branding and culture-led regeneration are also relevant for understanding the context. .
Thompson J., Day J.	Understanding the impact and value of temporary public art sculpture trails	The reputational enhancement (relating to creativity, culture and aesthetic appeal) for the place that comes from hosting the event; these two place-related benefits relate to human interest. .
Dragićević V., Bole D., Bučić A., Prodanović A.	European capital of culture: Residents perception of social benefits and costs – maribor 2012 case study Evropska prestolnica kulture: Mnenje prebivalcev o družbenih koristih in stroških dogodka – primer Maribora 2012	Richards and Wilson (2004) discussed that the European capital of culture event is also attractive not only as a means of developing the cultural infrastructure of a city, but as an economic development tool and a means of enhancing the image of the city. .
Yamamura T., Zhang T.X., Fujiki Y.	The social and cultural impact of tourism development on world heritage sites: A case of the Old Town of Lijiang, China, 2000-2004	Such a perspective, moreover, could be applied not only to World Heritage city sites, but also extensively with respect to other historical cities and cities attempting to promote tourism..
Kabel A., Teti M., Zhang N.	The art of resilience: photo-stories of inspiration and strength among people with HIV/AIDS	This could enhance our understanding of the cultural value provided by older people, rather than just the value they derive from their participation. .
Hunter R.F., Cleland C., Cleary A., Droomers M., Wheeler B.W., Sinnett D., Nieuwenhuijsen M.J., Braubach M.	Environmental, health, wellbeing, social and equity effects of urban green space interventions: A meta-narrative evidence synthesis	There was particularly strong evidence for park-based and greenway/trail interventions employing a dual approach (i.e. a physical change to the UGS and promotion/marketing programmes), principally for promoting health and wellbeing through increasing park use and physical activity; greening of vacant lots for health and wellbeing (e.g. reduction in stress) and social benefits (e.g. reduction in crime, increased perceptions of safety); greening of urban streets particularly for environmental benefits (e.g. increased biodiversity, reduced illegal dumping); and SuDS for managing storm water. .
Chowdhury A., Maiti S.K., Bhattacharyya S.	How to communicate climate change ‘impact and solutions’ to vulnerable population of Indian Sundarbans? From theory to practice	This article explores the successes of a socio-environmental project implemented at Indian Sundarbans targeted towards economic improvement and aims at communicating environmental conservation through organized community participation. .
Chowdhury A., Maiti S.K., Bhattacharyya S.	How to communicate climate change ‘impact and solutions’ to vulnerable population of Indian Sundarbans? From theory to practice	This article explores the successes of a socio-environmental project implemented at Indian Sundarbans targeted towards economic improvement and aims at communicating environmental conservation through organized community participation. .
Bygren, L. O.; Johansson, S.,‑E.; Konlaan, B., B., Grjibovski, A., M.; Wilkinson, A., V.; Sjöström, M.	Attending cultural events and cancer mortality: A Swedish cohort study.	The results, if replicated, imply that promoting attendance at cultural events could lead to improved urban population health..
Evans, G.,	Measure for measure: evaluating the evidence of culture’s contribution to regeneration.	One consequence of the competitive cultural city approach is therefore the drive for larger schemes and associated spectacular architecture, directly or indirectly, at the cost of more local and accessible and cultural provision. .
Delanaey, L., ; Keaney, E.,	Cultural Participation, Social Capital and Civil Renewal in the United Kingdom: Statistical Evidence from National and International Survey Data.	For instance, if participation in cultural activities is Dominanted by one particular social group then its beneficial impacts on social capital will disproportionately benefit that group. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	The cultural industry, meaning the market of production, promotion and consumption of culture and its products, is usually regarded as the most promising mechanism of urban development. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	It is at this scale that culture and tourism are better related, both becoming wide and transversal instruments of the global urban competition, means through which the cities redesign their own image, gaining more interest not only for the tourist flows, but possibly most of all for attracting international financial and human resources13. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	It also refers to the emerging architectural and cultural symbolism and the effects they may have upon issues of local identity, economy and promotion. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	3. The business of culture: a theme for urban regeneration At first, employing culture as a theme provides urban regeneration objectives with an effective promotional concept highly acceptable. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Consequently, the dynamism of urban economy is increasingly dependant upon the performance of the cultural and entertainment industry. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	6. Conclusion Cultural tourism is seen as a significant resource in many urban areas. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Perhaps the most crucial task would be active participation in developing tourism concepts for the entire region and representing the tourism-related economic sector on regional and county tourism bodies in cooperation with other economic and tourism partners. .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	b) affective well-being positively influences their support for tourism. .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	Therefore, local governments and tourism policy-makers are encouraged to grow local tourism to improve residents' SWB. .
Blessi, G.T., ; Tremblay , D., G.; Sandri, M., ; Pilati, T.,	New trajectories in urban regeneration processes: Cultural capital as source of human and social capital accumulation – Evidence from the case of Tohu in Montreal	The rise of interest in the so called culture-led urban regeneration process has involved cities, and even small towns, which seem to be willing to use the process as a magical receipt for a new position in the worldwide competitive arena. .
Bonet, L., ; Colbert, F., ; Courchesne, A.,	From Creative Nations to Creative Cities: an example of center-periphery dynamic in cultural policies- City, culture and Society	However, with the extension of culture to the creative sectors, many industries (such as fashion, publicity or electronic arts) have succeeded in securing tax breaks or subsidies, often for a specific geographical area or investment scheme. .
Bonet, L., ; Colbert, F., ; Courchesne, A.,	From Creative Nations to Creative Cities: an example of center-periphery dynamic in cultural policies- City, culture and Society	Based on this strategy, cities and regions have increased their support to local institutions and events, such as museums, theatres, heritage sites, festivals, arts and craft fairs, fashion weeks, communication and publicity trade fairs, electronic arts and video games conferences, etc. .
Gainza, X.,	Culture‑led neighbourhood transformations beyond the revitalisation/gentrification dichotomy.	It had a targeted policy to attract cultural and creative firms and shops by subsidising space in publicly owned stores. .
Markusen , A., ; Godwa, A.,	Arts and Culture in Urban or Regional Planning: A Review and Research Agenda	The Causal Role of Arts and Culture in Economic Development In the United States, the art and cultural sectors presumed ability to stimulate economic development, at both regional and neighborhood scales, is one of the most frequently invoked rationales for cultural planning. .
Markusen , A., ; Godwa, A.,	Arts and Culture in Urban or Regional Planning: A Review and Research Agenda	Cultural Tourism Should cities and states invest in cultural tourism initiatives to attract visitors from outside of the region? .
Markusen , A., ; Godwa, A.,	Arts and Culture in Urban or Regional Planning: A Review and Research Agenda	By providing local cultural capacity, a city or region can capture a larger share of existing residents discretionary income that might otherwise be spent on imports or leisure and entertainment elsewhere. .
Markusen , A., ; Godwa, A.,	Arts and Culture in Urban or Regional Planning: A Review and Research Agenda	Comparative studies of outcomes across a large set of cities (that vary in the degree to which they target tourists) would help cultural planners make good decisions. .
Degen, M., ; Garcia, M.,	The Transformation of the ‘Barcelona Model’: An Analysis of Culture, Urban Regeneration.	Cultural infrastructures were considered crucial to attracting conferences, festivals and urban tourism, and emphasis was given to the promotion of cultural agents such as cultural and civic associations and the cultural industries, as well as to private sponsors for the citys cultural activities managed by public administrations. .
García, B.,	Urban Regeneration, Arts Programming and Major Events: Glasgow 1990, Sydney 2000 and Barcelona 2004	In parallel, notions of cultural/urban tourism and arts/city marketing have gained great popularity among marketers, city planners and cultural policy-makers alike. .
Landry, C., ; Bianchini, F.,	The Creative City	Many other cities are encouraging young people to express their ideas by setting up infrastructures for profitable cultural production. .
Backman, M., ; Nilsson, P.,	The role of cultural heritage in attracting skilled individuals	In particular, since their demand rises with income and education, there is a possibility that cultural heritages are, in part, caused by regional economic growth and market size effects. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Community planners Greg Baeker and Jeanne Hanna promote cultural mapping as a means of leveraging local cultural assets for economic and other community benefits. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	One purpose of the economic impact assessment has been to support public subsidies for urban megaprojects built around performing arts or cultural centers. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	These newly discovered neighborhoods, according to the popular media, have benefited from a growing presence of artists and the expansion of commercial cultural activity (stimulated, in part, by the American Street Empowerment Zone). .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	Given the evidence of the individual and collective benefits of cultural engagement, the absence of these resources in some parts of a city or town should concern its planners. .
Rosenstein, C.,	Cultural development and city neighborhoods.	Visitors and Convention Bureaus or Offices of Special Events focus on developing tourism and on marketing large-scale cultural activities such as city-wide festivals, holiday celebrations, sports and entertainment. .
Grodach, C.,	Museums as Urban Catalysts: The Role of Urban Design in Flagship Cultural Development	Many cities have encouraged and funded such initiatives, perceiving mainstream cultural institutions to be an ideal means of attracting visitors to new redevelopment projects and functioning as catalysts for economic development while enhancing the city image (Zukin, 1995; Strom, 1999, 2002). .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	In order to increase the competitiveness of their cities and induce people to move there, local policy makers should start raising public awareness about the importance of creative industries and the impact that creative clusters can have on the quality of life of citizens. .
Navarro Yanez, C., J.	Do ‘creative cities’ have a dark side? Cultural scenes and socioeconomic status in Barcelona and Madrid (1991–2001)	In both cases the provision of opportunities for cultural consumption in the city to meet the demands of creative sectors or visitors plays a vital role. .
Navarro Yanez, C., J.	Do ‘creative cities’ have a dark side? Cultural scenes and socioeconomic status in Barcelona and Madrid (1991–2001)	Thus, the tourist bubble effect could be understood as a specific process of gentrification due to the improvement of tourist activity. .
Rahbarianyazd, R., ; Doratli, N.,	Assessing the contribution of cultural agglomeration in urban regeneration through developing cultural strategies.	Recalling the prevalence of culture and cultural activities in urban development agendas, cultural agglomeration, the clustering of existing cultural features and facilities, is, without any doubt, an important accoutrement of economic success, which also reinforces social solidarity in cities. .
Rahbarianyazd, R., ; Doratli, N.,	Assessing the contribution of cultural agglomeration in urban regeneration through developing cultural strategies.	The model manifests itself by hosting big cultural projects and mega cultural events though entrepreneurial strategies. .
Park J., Lee H., Yim S.	A case of preservation of the modern and regeneration of old downtown through civic participatory remodeling procedure: Experimentation in Gwangju, Korea	Citizens commitment for cultural spaces and mayors ambition for creating a space for cultural activities were the motive behind building a large cultural space. .
Hsu K.-W., Lin M.-L., Chao J.-C., Huang S.-F.	Constructing an evaluation framework for eco-museum operations-management performance, based on the case of Jhushan, Taiwan	Regional Revitalization Satisfaction of tourists requirements. .
Środa-Murawska S.	Railway feat. culture – Rumia library effect as an example of the influence of culture-led regeneration in a medium-sized city in Poland	However, they can play an important role in the development of the local economy, becoming a centre of social and economic life, as well as a place for the promotion of local tourist attractions (Edwards, 1997). .
Liu Y.-D.	Event and sustainable culture-led regeneration: Lessons from the 2008 European Capital of Culture, Liverpool	Funding either flagship projects or major events aims to promote urban tourism, encourage community participation and meet local residents, which may have a potentially significant impact on the development of cultural and creative industries 10 . .
Liu Y.-D.	Event and sustainable culture-led regeneration: Lessons from the 2008 European Capital of Culture, Liverpool	This funding enabled LARC to offer a range of programmes aiming to enhance the role of the cultural sector in citizen leadership and urban cultural agendas. .
Liu Y.-D.	Event and sustainable culture-led regeneration: Lessons from the 2008 European Capital of Culture, Liverpool	In addition to the cultural sector, increasing cities bidding for the ECOC are placing stronger emphasis on the potentials to develop creative industry. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	The festivals attract local spectators and visitors who spend their income on cultural activities, as well as other related goods and services, which in turn has knock-on effects on the rest of the economy. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	At the same time, the festival establishes the goal of contributing to the cultural development of the new Los Ros region, being a window of the region to the world and contributing to tourism in the area. .
Korfmacher K.S., Garrison V.	Partnering to reduce environmental hazards through a community-based healthy home museum: Education for action	This was a way of tracking interest in tour information and of adapting future tours to community needs. .
Fremaux S., Fremaux M.	Remembering the beatles legacy in hamburgs problematic tourism strategy	In the wider context of tourism, heritage and music tourism are direct responses to the increase in traveling for recreation and personal pleasure. .
Guachalla A.	Social inclusion and audience development at the Royal Opera House: a tourist perspective	In addition to this stimulus, added facilities such as shops, cafes and terraces can potentially engage the areas visitors and embed the Opera House as part of the overall experience of the urban precinct. .
Thompson J., Day J.	Understanding the impact and value of temporary public art sculpture trails	Other factors, which we would categorise as social, cultural and fun, are key visitordraws and so they also influence and drive the economic outcomes. .
Pavluković V., Stankov U., Arsenović D.	Social impacts of music festivals: A comparative study of sziget (Hungary) and exit (Serbia) Družbeni vplivi glasbenih festivalov: Primerjalna študija festivalov sziget na Madžarskem in exit v Srbiji	Music festivals are often seen as a key driver of the citys economies. .
Yamamura T., Zhang T.X., Fujiki Y.	The social and cultural impact of tourism development on world heritage sites: A case of the Old Town of Lijiang, China, 2000-2004	A further important issue to address is how temporary residents can best use their capital and know-how to engage in tourism-related activities as hosts best qualified to convey local appeal. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	I would argue that continued exposure to a diversity of ideas from cultural experiences of all kinds will, over time, change attitudes and values. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	Cultural participation increases the diversity of ideas available to society as a whole and the capacity of citizens to make wise judgments about public issues. .
Grossi, E., ; Sacco, P.L., ; Blessi, G.T., ; Buscema, M.,	The Interaction Between Culture, Health and Psychological Well-Being: Data Mining from the Italian Culture and Well-Being Project	Also, cultural access levels are associated with statistically significant differences in well-being scores. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Policy actions Lastly, is important to understand this function of culture of mediating community action and social transformation by imparting community-oriented values through particular processes of experiential learning, stimulating creativity and opportunities for expression and social interaction, providing alternative grounds for cultural-based development policies beyond the traditional economic and financial rationales. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	First, it is crucial to explore how these social externalities of culture can be incorporated and stimulated in the political agenda. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	To close, the debate over the role of culture and the arts in development has shown that cultures function in growth can work in many different ways, some of which are more easily trackable and perceivable than others. .
Montalto, V., ; Campagna, D., ; Caperna, G.,	Does Culture Make a Better Citizen? Exploring the Relationship Between Cultural and Civic Participation in Italy	Culture may therefore be instrumental in fostering civic inclusion, regardless of the educational level of individuals, and help counter social segregation deriving from educational gaps. .
Montalto, V., ; Tacao Moura, C., J.; Langedijk, S., ; Saisana, M.,	Culture counts: An empirical approach to measure the cultural and creative vitality of European cities.	Among other reasons, this is related to the fact that culture is multidimensional, covering different domains of the economy, society and individuals' lives. .
Montalto, V., ; Tacao Moura, C., J.; Langedijk, S., ; Saisana, M.,	Culture counts: An empirical approach to measure the cultural and creative vitality of European cities.	These should help measure the diverse sets of cultural resources that can be mobilised for development purposes and their varied impacts on the economic and society. .
Laaksonen, A.,	Measuring Cultural Exclusion through Participation in Cultural Life.	As cultural rights themselves remain difficult to encapsulate exhaustively in order to build universally applicable definitions, the right to take part in cultural life fosters the importance of access and promotion, and survival of cultures while noting the constant changes that cultures go through and the inherent dynamism and specificity of the cultural field in different formations. .
Laaksonen, A.,	Measuring Cultural Exclusion through Participation in Cultural Life.	Difference and exclusion Difference and diversity are frequently motors of culture and cultural action. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	In other words, findings suggest that the sharing of information and experiences about culture explained part of the well-being outcomes. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	Further, while the present study operationalized cultural capital as participation, additional measures of taste could produce valuable insights about the multifaceted nature of cultural capital. .
Grossi, E.; Blessi, G. T.; Sacco, P.L.	Magic moments: Determinants of stress relief and subjective wellbeing from visiting a cultural heritage site.	Among the reported variables, it is interesting to point out the key role of variables related to cultural participation. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	These experiences give individuals new references that can make them more receptive to unfamiliar people, attitudes, and cultures. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	These experiences give us new references that enable us to become more receptive to unfamiliar people, attitudes, and cultures. .
Jeannotte, M., S.	Singing alone? The contribution of cultural capital to social cohesion and sustainable communities	The author argues that different types of cultural participation have an impact on the quality of social capital..
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	To understand this turning point, one has to point out first the variety of participatory approaches existing in the cultural field. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	To open a dialogue between different aesthetics and cultural beliefs? .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	A city of culture - a city of cultures was the slogan of the Programme, an extremely appropriate one, when we consider that the town is famous for its multicultural and multi-language character. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	Each of these festivals addresses a different segment of the market with either a cultural or commercial ethos. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	We call special attention to what we term pillar organizations as particularly significant in fostering diverse kinds of cultural activity and participation. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Embracing ACIPs Concept of Cultural Vitality Has a Variety of Implications Our definition of cultural vitality has implications for people both inside and outside the cultural field. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	The Pan Valley Institute in Fresno, California, which supports the arts-related (and other) activities of unincorporated cultural groups and also facilitates cultural exchange among different immigrant and ethnic populations in the Central Valley of California is such an example.14 Our research also indicates that formal and informal cultural districtsincluding retail opportunities for arts consumption and places where professional artists and others gather to make their workare important dimensions of cities or communities that help stimulate a creative buzz and promote various forms of cultural engagement. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	The Participatory Turn in Cultural Policy: Paradigms, Models, Contexts.	b) the expansion of cultural expression able to claim public support and the consequent adaptation of the criteria for quality and excellence used in such cases (and promoted by more eclectic or postmodern views). .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	The proposal of cultural rights can thus be schematically defined as recognizing in equal dignity the cultures experienced and chosen by the people, and strengthening their capacities of expression, access and exchange. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	This approach values diversity, which is considered an important advantage (Wood, Landry & Bloomfield, 2006, p. 10), openness and interculturalism as a way to foster growth and mutual exchange between different cultural groups (idem, p. 12). .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Stimulating intercultural participation In order to stimulate intercultural participation, it is necessary to acknowledge and overcome the geographical division of different communities in the city and to plan the location of cultural infrastructure accordingly. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	In this scenario, Be SpectACTive! provides an interesting case study, due to the variety of organisations that constitute the network and their unique geographical perspective that they bring in their cultural practice. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Thus, recognition of cultural plurality involves an inclusive representation of different tastes and interests in that repertoire. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Community arts projects are highly effective in communicating ideas and information and increasing awareness and understanding of different cultures and lifestyles, two of the indicators already discussed in this paper. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	We argue that a society should maintain different cultures with the aim to broaden its diversity of values, ideas, beliefs and traditions. .
Holden, J.,	Democratic Culture: Opening up the arts to everyone.	Funders need to see their role as encouraging pluralism by nurturing a diverse (in every sense) cultural ecology. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	This includes what are sometimes seen as instrumental social objectives, such as health and social inclusion, but also embrace social impacts fundamentally linked to the character of cultural experience, such as reflectiveness, understanding people from other backgrounds, imagination and innovation. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	It also points out that, although many social impacts arise from a cultural districts presence in a specific location, others are those that arise from cultural engagement wherever it takes place, and the report encourages cultural districts to think about both when considering their social impact. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Cultural districts must position themselves within discussion of the value of arts and culture, and this report seeks to broaden and nuance how they and their stakeholders think about social impacts. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	This bringing together of diverse stakeholders can itself constitute a major civic outcome of cultural districts. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	They also seek more active ways of engaging culture. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	Other times, the high levels of cultural engagement may be a product of competition, as each group within a neighborhood seeks to create its own cultural identity. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	Cultivating cultural clusters can be but one approach to community planning and regional economic development policy. .
Badham, M.,	Cultural Indicators: Tools for Community Engagement?	Aiming to open dialogue about cultural value, not just of the mainstream or powerful, but with a much broader representation reflecting the multi-layered realities of our communities. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Identifying sector breadth and depth can be helpful when evaluating the different models and has important implications for the formulation of cultural policy. .
Navarro Yanez, C., J.	Do ‘creative cities’ have a dark side? Cultural scenes and socioeconomic status in Barcelona and Madrid (1991–2001)	A closer analysis of creative city initiatives and their localization in the cities, as policy variables, could improve our explanation of cultural scenes changes because these initiatives generate cultural clusters in specific areas of the cities. .
Rahbarianyazd, R., ; Doratli, N.,	Assessing the contribution of cultural agglomeration in urban regeneration through developing cultural strategies.	This strategy encompasses cities which are looking to distinguish themselves by developing a specific cultural theme. .
Widodo J., Wong Y.C., Ismail F.	DIGITAL HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE METHODOLOGY for HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT of SINGAPORE	This approach allows for the facilitation of intercultural dialogue with regards to their histories, traditions, values, needs and aspirations. .
Cerreta M., Daldanise G., Sposito S.	Culture-led regeneration for urban spaces Monitoring complex values networks in action	It is not only able to activate different communities (foreign residents and young people), but it also able to reuse properties and enhance the incentives for culture. .
Mckenzie M., Hutton T.	Culture-led Regeneration in the Post-industrial Built Environment: Complements and Contradictions in Victory Square, Vancouver	Culture-led regeneration looks for the ways to enable the cities to present themselves with their unique and specific differences in the course of global race. .
Ozden P.	Culture-led regeneration projects in post-industrial areas: The Istanbul experience	It is not only able to activate different communities (foreign residents and young people), but it also able to reuse properties and enhance the incentives for culture. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	But if tourism is programmed and oriented, it can contribute to local sustainable development as it produce a myriad of interactions between insiders, which daily live the place, and outsiders, which see landscape with different eyes. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	In this way, participants in the programme were able to connect with and maintain a sense of individuality within the culturally based plurality among participants. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Given that cultural expression and identity contributed to the health and well-being of culturally and linguistically diverse participants within this study, there is a strong argument towards also including cultural expression and identity as a determinant within SDOH models for culturally and linguistically diverse groups, newcomers and refugees and asylum seekers. .
Abdulla S.	The art of inclusion: Contradictions affecting theatre for development interventions in Malawi	The varying specificity of culture plays a pivotal role in attempts at inclusive practice. .
Staniškytė J.	From institutional fatigue to creative communication: Audience development in Lithuanian theatres	Therefore the call for the holistic approach to viewing the public and its diverse involvement in cultural life is mainly seen as a tool for combating the contradictions embedded in the notion of audience development. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	The strategy is not only about community development in the disadvantaged areas but also about capital intensive projects in the city centre. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	They are even said to be a mechanism for urban revitalization. .
Pareja, M., ; Piqué, J., M.	Urban regeneration and the creative knowledge economy: The case of 22@ in Barcelona	It is nowadays internationally considered an example of an all-embracing urban regeneration of a city; the promotion of the district is understood as a combination of land (re)development, new available residential spaces and a clear economic target to redefine the specialisation of the area. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Nonetheless, this restructuring, created new opportunities for cities with the capacity to adapt to the changing environment, but also led others to economic decline. .
Jones, A., L.	Regenerating Urban Waterfronts—Creating Better Futures—From Commercial and Leisure Market Places to Cultural Quarters and Innovation Districts.	These performance indicators provide the basis from which urban waterfront projects can be successfully initiated and from which broader macro-regeneration and urban policy objectives that befit a citys future economic, social, cultural growth and well-being can be fulfilled and sustained. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Urban renewal is considered to be important for many reasons. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Using the citys records to support community economic development initiatives will require a considerable expenditure of resources on public programming. .
Grodach, C.,	Museums as Urban Catalysts: The Role of Urban Design in Flagship Cultural Development	These regional attractions anchor the surrounding hotels, convention and retail space also funded by the Redevelopment Agency. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	They are often piloted by development or economic agencies as part of innovation programmes, often in the social field or as part of urban regeneration. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Then, it points out the importance of promoting CCIs policies in cities as key drivers of socio-economic development and sustainable growth. .
Stupar A., Mihajlov V., Lalovic K., Colic R., Petrovic F.	Participative placemaking in Serbia: The use of the limitless GIS application in increasing the sustainability of universal urban design	It could also be regarded as a support instrument for decision making in the management of urban developmentboth in the process of Participative Placemaking and in directing grants and investments. .
Nguyen T.H.N.	Design for design - Design by community	The purpose of the project is to enhance the active role of local people in freeing themselves from poverty and building a stable life. .
Park J., Lee H., Yim S.	A case of preservation of the modern and regeneration of old downtown through civic participatory remodeling procedure: Experimentation in Gwangju, Korea	One of the conditions was that new programs must be able to create a new value in establishment of relations with the structure, park, and city. .
Środa-Murawska S.	Railway feat. culture – Rumia library effect as an example of the influence of culture-led regeneration in a medium-sized city in Poland	A campaign and related activities were launched to revitalise the city around culture. .
Pastak I., Kährik A.	The impacts of culture-led flagship projects on local communities in the context of post-socialist tallinn	Also, the city government took a more proactive role to urban revitalisation, which led to a sharp increase in public investments in urban projects compared to previous years. .
Ylipulli J., Luusua A.	“Without libraries what have we? : Public libraries as nodes for technological empowerment in the era of smart cities, AI and big data	Often it is also connected to economic success and the environmental sustainability of cities. .
Remesar A.	Public Art in Urban Regeneration. Piotrkowska street. Pride of a city: Łódź	The aim of the Foundation was to revitalize the street and transform it into a pedestrian zone. .
Padilla-Llano S.E., Machado-Penso M.V., Reyes-Schade E., Larios-Giraldo P.M., Cabrera-Sánchez I., Martínez-Palacios E., González-Forero D., Tapias-Martínez J.	Barrio El Prado: A living museum for the city of Barranquilla Barrio el prado un museo vivo para la ciudad de Barranquilla.	This is how the initiative of the Museo Vivo El Prado promotes this value as a process of urban regeneration. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	They encourage people to become more active citizens, and strengthen support for local and self-help projects. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The literature on community-level social benefits focuses on two general categories: those benefits that promote social interaction among community members, create a sense of community identity, and help build social capital; and those that build a communitys organizational capacity through both the development of skills, infrastructures, leaders and other assets, and the more general process of people organizing and getting involved in civic institutions and volunteer associations. .
Hill Strategies , R.,	Social Effects of the Arts: Exploratory Statistical Evidence.	They also indicate that volunteers are agents of positive change, creatively responding to challenges and opportunities with courage and determination for the betterment of our communities. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Then, we focused more on the efforts and energies put for enhancing the participatory approach and creating meaningful bonds with the respective audiences/communities. .
Blessi, G.T., ; Tremblay , D., G.; Sandri, M., ; Pilati, T.,	New trajectories in urban regeneration processes: Cultural capital as source of human and social capital accumulation – Evidence from the case of Tohu in Montreal	Our case study highlights the fact that itis important to invest actively in mobilization, local information and promotion and to do so with the cooperation of local community organizations to attain some form of bonding with the local population, have the positive effects expected in terms of involvement in the community and act as a lever for local socioeconomic development.
Biondi L., Demartini P., Marchegiani L., Marchiori M., Piber M.	Understanding orchestrated participatory cultural initiatives: Mapping the dynamics of governance and participation	A group of young professionals launched the initiative; they persuaded the other stakeholders to participate in the application process; and promoted the value of civic engagement. .
Funaro M.C., Rojiani R., Norton M.J.	Improving community well-being through collaborative initiatives at a medical library	Further, involvement of multiple groups led to more people feeling invested in participating in and promoting these initiatives. .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Jetten J., Rowan C.	Identification with arts-based groups improves mental wellbeing in adults with chronic mental health conditions	The organisers and volunteers actively encouraged the participants to support each other and likened the group to a family. .
Chowdhury A., Maiti S.K., Bhattacharyya S.	How to communicate climate change ‘impact and solutions’ to vulnerable population of Indian Sundarbans? From theory to practice	These helped in enlisting community involvement in the plantation activities. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Its largely a case of projects and works scattered on the urban and sub-urban territory with the purpose of spreading the image of a transformed city, both in its settlement fabric and in its functional offer, lovely to visit and perfect to settle. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Third, a city can be reshaped by improving urban layouts, open spaces, road networks and other infrastructures. .
Stupar A., Mihajlov V., Lalovic K., Colic R., Petrovic F.	Participative placemaking in Serbia: The use of the limitless GIS application in increasing the sustainability of universal urban design	These improvements include the elements from the basic and upgraded group, and additional ones, contributing to the higher activity of urban place (e.g., extra-wide sidewalks, special lighting, signage, seating, etc.). .
Afacan Y., Afacan S.O.	Rethinking social inclusivity: Design strategies for cities	The park is also proposed to extend the urban environment and its associated landscapes at a height that allows walking around the city from a different perspective. .
Mantziou L.	Museum Cluster as Urban Defibrillator	Culture is influential, therefore it transcends the walls of buildings hosting it, and it is diffused in the wider urban tissue, ameliorating transportation connections, infrastructures and the quality of life in the cities. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	These indicators highlight the quality of built environment as a potentiality to improve. .
Criss S., Kleinmann M.	Dotte agency: A participatory design model for community health	By reframing the ownership of city-owned public spaces (parks, schools, playgrounds, trails, sidewalks, streets, etc.) to what spaces can serve the greatest public good, asking residents to be involved in the restoration of public space through participatory design methods can equip residents with the tools and empower them with the visions needed to reshape their environments. .
Awtuch A., Gȩbczyńska-Janowicz A.	Art and Healthcare - Healing Potential of Artistic Interventions in Medical Settings	Designers expand the possibilities of exhibiting visual art in functional and spatial arrangement. .
Afacan Y., Afacan S.O.	Rethinking social inclusivity: Design strategies for cities	The surrounding open space is then developed in various ecological, scenic, and recreational ways as compensation for the lack of public space in the building complex. .
Rice L., Drane M.	Indicators of Healthy Architecture—a Systematic Literature Review	These AHIs were initially developed with a focus on energy efficiency of building design, and later widened to include other sustainable features such as carbon footprint and whole life cycle of construction and refurbishment. .
Mc L.J., Harrison I.R.	The effects of built environment design on opportunities for wellbeing in care homes	Understanding the built environment by the qualities it exhibits The built environment can be understood from different perspectives; a functional quality of the environment is one aspect. .
Athens L.	Design for social sustainability at Seattles central library	Green building technologies such as active solar systems or rainwater capture can increase resource efficiency of building opera- tions. .
Ibrahim I.	Socio environmental impact in eco-architecture	Accommodations are to be made for recycling and energy efficiency and measures are to be taken to relate the form of building to a harmonious relationship between the inhabitants and nature. .
Ibrahim I.	Socio environmental impact in eco-architecture	green design emphasizes a number of new environmental, resource and occupant health concerns, Reduce human exposure to noxious materials, conserve non-renewable energy and scarce materials, minimize life-cycle ecological impact of energy and materials used, use renewable energy and materials that are sustainably harvested, protect and restore local air, water, soils, flora and fauna, support pedestrians, bicycles, mass transit and other alternatives to fossil-fuelled vehicles. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Their creativity and openness encouraged people to take positive risks, both personally and organisationally, with far-reaching benefits. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Crucially, it had inspired them to help develop similar opportunities for other people in the town. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	The style encouraged wide, equitable and open participation by local people. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	They encourage and provide mechanisms for creative approaches to development and problem solving, and offer opportunities for communities and institutions to take risks in a positive way. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	This is particularly evident in cases where those most marginalized and disadvantaged were encouraged to participate. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	The extent and type of activity can be a determinant for fostering community involvement. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Therefore, by inducing local people to intervene in the public space, through actions for the satisfaction of their own interests or for the sake of improvements in the community quality of life, bibliosesc is building individual civic capacity. .
Laaksonen, A.,	Measuring Cultural Exclusion through Participation in Cultural Life.	The results of the exercise emphasize elements of access and participation, and active contribution in forms of expression and identification in the city are fundamental to cultural rights. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Thus, it is easier to find participatory initiatives in those societies most open to innovation and to bottom-up initiatives. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Our involvement in this four-year programme inspired us to develop this strand of work and to enable a wider cross-section of our community to get involved. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	This means that we welcome everyone who is enthusiastic to participate at different levels. .
Blessi, G.T., ; Tremblay , D., G.; Sandri, M., ; Pilati, T.,	New trajectories in urban regeneration processes: Cultural capital as source of human and social capital accumulation – Evidence from the case of Tohu in Montreal	The focus was centered on the activities developed and opportunities offered to the local population to increase participation in social activities. .
Blessi, G.T., ; Tremblay , D., G.; Sandri, M., ; Pilati, T.,	New trajectories in urban regeneration processes: Cultural capital as source of human and social capital accumulation – Evidence from the case of Tohu in Montreal	Part of the strategic plan is devoted to actions that should be taken to increase the participation of locals in activities. .
Gallou, E., ; Fouseki, K.,	Applying Social Impact Assessment (SIA) Principles in Assessing Contribution of Cultural Heritage to Social Sustainability.	The whole scheme had a special focus on achieving public engagement, expressed through specific objectives for including communities in projects. .
Degen, M., ; Garcia, M.,	The Transformation of the ‘Barcelona Model’: An Analysis of Culture, Urban Regeneration.	The democratization of urban space was reinforced by the opening of neighbourhoods to the rest of the city via public festivals and cultural events. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Furthermore, social participation should be promoted and the public reminded that after renewal the heritage buildings are part of community property. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Thus, public involvement should be encouraged. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	More programmes and activities should be generated after revitalization and the diversity of community life enhanced. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	The planning of public programming activities may provide a further opportunity for citizen engagement in a community archives as citizens may be able to assist public programming activities. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Community economic development programs rely upon broad definitions of community that include a willingness to work collaboratively with other citizens and government in order to be successful. .
Stern, M., J.	Measuring the Outcomes of Creative Placemaking	For example, the creative sectors are pushed more and more into the direction of improving communities, improving cities, of being effective, etc. .
Cortés-Rico, L., ; Piedrahita-Solórzano, G.,	Participatory Design in Practice. The Case of an Embroidered Technology.	Finally, aiming for open-ended milestones considers that results are not just finished artifacts but an empowerment of the community, which eases the appropriation of the designed technologies and the local development of new sustainable social technology. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	However, heritage sites need to be developed with the involvement and trust of citizens. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	Cities and regions are gradually mixing proactive policies with activating creative communities and enabling them to take up more of a role in the city, especially through: - Facilitating networking across cultural and creative industries (as well as other economic sectors) to enable the emergence of new ideas. .
Robazza P., Longo D., Bortoli G., Alese G., Boeri A.	DIY urbanism as a tool of urban regeneration. Two cases in comparison	The capacity to aspire was functional to generate further processes of social activation aimed at urban regeneration. .
Perna V., Ferri G.	In and out domains: Playful principles to in-form urban solutions; A dialogue between architects and game scholars	As a scenario-building experience, it empowers players to try out the role of urban planners and city experts and to feel an active part of the process bring their local knowledge into the game. .
Horgan D., Dimitrijević B.	Frameworks for citizens participation in planning: From conversational to smart tools	These are frameworks - consisting of focused policies and local structures - that can be open and agile enough to generate ownership amongst a diverse group of stakeholders, evoking alternative pathways to urban development. .
Horgan D., Dimitrijević B.	Frameworks for citizens participation in planning: From conversational to smart tools	These observations point to the need to engage communities early in the design process - with community focused tools like the Place Standard, and to use these to facilitate a common vision or strategic mechanism for development across an ecosystem of competing stakeholder positions (developer, local government and community). .
Makhzoumi J., Al-Sabbagh S.	Landscape and urban governance: Participatory planning of the public realm in Saida, Lebanon	This article advocates a participatory approach to urban development, one that engages local stakeholders, institutions, and the public at large as active partners working towards sustainable urban futures. .
Makhzoumi J., Al-Sabbagh S.	Landscape and urban governance: Participatory planning of the public realm in Saida, Lebanon	The project's participatory methodology and landscape architecture's expansive framing, the paper argues, democratizes the planning process and contributes to urban governance that empowers local authorities and local stakeholders in the face of privatization and market-led development. .
Moreno L.P., Ruiz A.S., Giralt J.A.	Great Challenœs and the application of participatory tools in the planning of the informal city the case of Makeni, Sierra Leone Grandes retos y aplicación de herramientas participatives en la planificación dela ciudad informal el Caso de Makeni, Sierra Leona	With this process, participation was reinforced as a necessary element for decision-making, strengthening trust in the institutions that promote open decision -making processes about the city. .
Valladares A.	Successes and failures of participation-in-design: Cases from Old Havana, Cuba	Across the developing world, liberal architects and planners have sought to build upon grassroots energy and creativity through participatory design programs. .
Coates G.J.	The sustainable Urban district of vauban in Freiburg, Germany	The goal of this organization was to facilitate expanded citizen participation in both the planning and development of the district. .
Afacan Y., Afacan S.O.	Rethinking social inclusivity: Design strategies for cities	In this respect, the right of everyone to full participation in society has played an important role in the outcome of universal design. .
Mc L.J., Harrison I.R.	The effects of built environment design on opportunities for wellbeing in care homes	Contributions made by openings, open plan layouts, and the convergence of routes to the spatial interconnectedness of the home were seen to support and enhance social and physical activities as well as providing increased opportunities for taking interest. .
Jones M., Kimberlee R., Deave T., Evans S.	The role of community centre-based arts, leisure and social activities in promoting adult well-being and healthy lifestyles	Advocates 5,11 suggest that community based organisations are well placed to offer informal and user-led activities that fit with local interests and provide additional benefits, such as a basis for developing social support networks and civic action. .
Zhang Y., Kang S., Koo J.-H.	What is the critical factor and relationship of urban regeneration in a historic district?: A case of the Nanluoguxiang area in Beijing, China	As such, various projects related to citizen participation have been promoted for successful urban regeneration projects in the Nanluoguxiang area. .
Shaw K.	Y21: Culture-led regeneration in twenty-first century UK city regions	With an aim to bring pride and change to communities and individuals, as well as to transform the negative perception of people and places in City-Regions, the project foregrounded community involvement in the whole process from inception to design creation and application. .
Vardopoulos I., Stamopoulos C., Chatzithanasis G., Michalakelis C., Giannouli P., Pastrapa E.	Considering urban development paths and processes on account of adaptive reuse projects	They are used, intentionally and unintentionally, as a means of mobilizing communities, by defining specific city locations (GeoTagg) as places that provide an encouraging socially unifying channel for community involvement. .
Abdulla S.	The art of inclusion: Contradictions affecting theatre for development interventions in Malawi	These efforts from the performing team set them up for further acceptance by the community and created a warm environment conducive to their inclusion into the community and the communitys inclusion into the remaining stages of the project. .
Cowie P.	Performing planning: Understanding community participation in planning through theatre	Greater public participation in planning has long been a goal for planning professionals. .
Jeannotte, M., S.	Singing alone? The contribution of cultural capital to social cohesion and sustainable communities	Some of these projects were traditional, such as restoration of heritage buildings in the community or the publication of local histories. .
Richards, G., ; Wilson , J.,	Social Capital, Cultural Festivals and Tourism in Catalunya	These figures serve to underline the important social structures that underpin the production and reproduction of culture in society. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Additionally, a very important aspect of place identity is the quality and nature of the present built heritage. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Since built heritage represents spatially a historical past, it provides a foundation for local identity. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Thus, every urban regeneration scheme considers built heritage as a distinctive feature of a places identity and development. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	In addition, as culture is increasingly becoming a theme of urban generation, manages more effectively to embody the qualities and value of architecture, within the objectives of a scheme. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Acknowledgement of the traditions and history of the region and a continual active involvement of local people is essential if socio-economic rejuvenation through cultural regeneration is to be a success. .
García, B., ; Melville, R., ; Cox, T.,	Creating an Impact: Liverpool’s Experience as European Capital of Culture	An enhanced evidence base for the multiple impacts of culture upon regeneration and city renaissance, which has assisted local and regional cultural planning as well as informing the UK national debate. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	It has been increasingly recognized that heritage conservation in older districts undergoing urban renewal has a significant impact on enhancing a community's sense of place, identity and development. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Urban renewal processes now increasingly incorporate heritage conservation elements in the overall urban renewal plan. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	In this paper, these heritage places refer to monuments and historic buildings that have historical, architectural, aesthetic and social values and which reflect the living conditions and culture of the people of the cities. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Heritage conservation can enrich people's understanding of their community (English Heritage, 2005). .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	It reveals that a revitalized heritage building should be considered a landmark in the district. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	The study advocates that heritage conservation in urban renewal districts should not only address the physical fabric of the historic buildings and the surrounding environment, but also the social impact and the intangible values of a community as a whole as they are of paramount importance. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Thus, it is important to stress the collective social impact of heritage conservation projects on the people of a district. .
Horton, S., ; Spence, J.,	Scoping the economic and social impact of archives.	The identification of history and culture as major determinants in the development of social capital (Aldridge et al. 2002, p.39-40) also highlights the potential importance of cultural services, and archives in particular. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Archives can also play an array of new roles in communities -- from addressing environmental concerns to helping to promote tourism. .
Mahmoud R.A., Wael A.	Urban policy as a main key towards sustainable built environment of popular neighbourhood: Case study of El Cabanyal Valencia Spain	It aims at providing a global solution of rehabilitation and restoration of the neighbourhood while focusing on the cultural heritage as a key to develop sustainably the built environment of the popular district without putting its authentic identity at risk. .
Widodo J., Wong Y.C., Ismail F.	DIGITAL HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE METHODOLOGY for HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT of SINGAPORE	This tool would be useful to assist in a holistic conservation that goes beyond the form and structure of heritage architecture and integrate the phenomenology of the architecture. .
Widodo J., Wong Y.C., Ismail F.	DIGITAL HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE METHODOLOGY for HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT of SINGAPORE	The website will be collecting and storing the information on heritage architecture, and it will reveal more significant meanings on the heritage architecture should the endusers want a greater understanding of the heritage architecture. .
Widodo J., Wong Y.C., Ismail F.	DIGITAL HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE METHODOLOGY for HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT of SINGAPORE	Lastly, it will help in creating an archive for the future generation, researchers who would like to study the heritage architecture and its landscape & urban environment better and conservationist who would like to restore the heritage architecture. .
Hsu K.-W., Lin M.-L., Chao J.-C., Huang S.-F.	Constructing an evaluation framework for eco-museum operations-management performance, based on the case of Jhushan, Taiwan	The preservation of cultural heritage, local identity, and community participation are the most important criteria in the operations management of eco-museums, and Jhushan Town can promote such museums through these guidelines. .
Zhang Y., Kang S., Koo J.-H.	What is the critical factor and relationship of urban regeneration in a historic district?: A case of the Nanluoguxiang area in Beijing, China	One of the most active sectors of urban regeneration projects is regional rehabilitation using cultural elements in a place with plentiful historical resources, and various related projects are being promoted in China to this aim. .
Brunow D.	Manchesters post-punk heritage: Mobilising and contesting transcultural memory in the context of urban regeneration	Adding to these, I understand the construction of cultural memory as highly performative practice which goes beyond a mere preservation of experiences and events. .
Brunow D.	Manchesters post-punk heritage: Mobilising and contesting transcultural memory in the context of urban regeneration	This sense of identity also affects the construction of cultural memory because it has repercussions on the stories individuals want to tell about their past and the cultural distinction they want to achieve through their self-fashioning. .
Padilla-Llano S.E., Machado-Penso M.V., Reyes-Schade E., Larios-Giraldo P.M., Cabrera-Sánchez I., Martínez-Palacios E., González-Forero D., Tapias-Martínez J.	Barrio El Prado: A living museum for the city of Barranquilla Barrio el prado un museo vivo para la ciudad de Barranquilla.	In this way, the value of culture in the transformation of the neighborhood is taken into account, making traditional and heritage effects gain importance in the development and determination of public space based on cultural creation and innovation, and how This last factor becomes an articulating component of the physical, social, economic, cultural and political dimensions of the neighborhood. .
Vardopoulos I., Stamopoulos C., Chatzithanasis G., Michalakelis C., Giannouli P., Pastrapa E.	Considering urban development paths and processes on account of adaptive reuse projects	Since the cultural heritage buildings are rooted into the citys identity as (mostly) part of the urban landscape, adaptive reuse can strengthen the communitys sense of belonging by positively linking the citys past with the future, offering, at the same time, some of the most astonishing buildings to be used for the emerging city needs, a process which can, overall, spark wholesome urban renewal processes 10 . .
Rogelja I.	The Museumification of Treasure Hill: Authenticity, Authority and Art in a Taiwanese Urban Village	The present case therefore contributes a more layered view of post-industrial urban transformations in East Asia and beyond by exploring the role of expertise and the state in culture-led urban redevelopment. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	On the one hand, it means preserving historical beauty, while maintaining efficiency in dynamic processes that shaped the built environment over time as a complex ecosystem. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	Earlier studies (CHCFE 2015, HLF 2015) highlight the ability of heritage (and landscape) to enhance both personal and social development. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Cultural backgrounds often reflect in the musical expressions and provide opportunities to share each others traditions. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	This transformation has been driven by different reasons concerning the preservation of the archaeological sites and the civic engagement and the development agendas in the area of excavation. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	How an individual or local community creates meaning of the past can reshape perceptions of national collective meaning ties in with government cultural policies and international protection and promotion of heritage. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	Tracing these paths can inform how and where people become connected with, and forge connections amongst local heritage groups and how they use narratives to make sense of their involvement. .
Barelkowski R.	Involving social participation in the preservation of heritage: The experience of Greater Poland and Kujavia	Architectural heritage is a substantial component of every nation's culture, on both a national and local level. .
Barelkowski R.	Involving social participation in the preservation of heritage: The experience of Greater Poland and Kujavia	Focusing on architecture, we have to approach the problem of heritage in a more specific manner, both disciplinary and interdisciplinary, nevertheless architecture-oriented, to discover that both material and immaterial aspects of its influence on our perception of culture and history are especially effective. .
García, B.,	Urban Regeneration, Arts Programming and Major Events: Glasgow 1990, Sydney 2000 and Barcelona 2004	Can the event contribute to and sustain an urban regeneration process? .
Landry, C., ; Bianchini, F.,	The Creative City	In the context of sustainability, imaginative urban timetabling could save resources and improve quality of life. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Thus, the major problem lies in how a city can carry out successful renewal with a view to attaining overall urban sustainability for the future. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Moreover, urban renewal tends to prioritize economic growth and physical improvement. .
Robazza P., Longo D., Bortoli G., Alese G., Boeri A.	DIY urbanism as a tool of urban regeneration. Two cases in comparison	A process of urban regeneration should be able to produce social and spatial contextual effects. .
Robazza P., Longo D., Bortoli G., Alese G., Boeri A.	DIY urbanism as a tool of urban regeneration. Two cases in comparison	The cases are addressed through a critical reflection on the processes of temporariness, co-planning and self-construction and on how they can take on the value of urban regeneration tools. .
Afacan Y., Afacan S.O.	Rethinking social inclusivity: Design strategies for cities	It cannot be sufficient to refer only to universal designs built or proposed exemplary projects in order to improve existing urban spaces, provide a good quality of life and develop sustainable communities. .
Zhou X., Hristova D., Noulas A., Mascolo C., Sklar M.	Cultural investment and urban socio-economic development: A geosocial network approach	Being able to assess the impact of government-led investment onto socio-economic indicators in cities has long been an important target of urban planning. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	It also finances Apropra Cultura, an initiative that supports visits to cultural venues by people attending social services and community centres. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	The project has enjoyed widespread support; has social and economic aims; and initiates, funds, guides and develops a range of arts projects in drama, video production, music, visual arts and literature; an arts project focussing on providing training for young people on a peripheral housing estate and carried out in conjunction with community groups. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Nonetheless, this does not mean that culture and the arts are able only by themselves, through the social capital that they form, to produce community development. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	In short, both cultural interventions developed their cultural programme in order to boost their regional economic and social development. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	For example, there are centres located in richer environments where people naturally participate in cultural activities. .
Montalto, V., ; Tacao Moura, C., J.; Langedijk, S., ; Saisana, M.,	Culture counts: An empirical approach to measure the cultural and creative vitality of European cities.	The CCCM measures the presence and attractiveness of cultural venues and facilities (Cultural Vibrancy), the capacity of culture to generate jobs and innovation (Creative Economy), and the conditions enabling cultural and creative processes to thrive (Enabling Environment). .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	That exposure typically comes from arts education, community-based arts programs, and/or commercial entertainment. .
Jeannotte, M., S.	Singing alone? The contribution of cultural capital to social cohesion and sustainable communities	In part, this increased attention to creativity and culture in the social sphere has been in reaction to the prevailing economic discourse about culture. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	An entrepreneurial organisation addressing an urban elite may be focused on developing paying audiences with a commitment to nurturing the place of live/visual arts in contemporary narratives. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Further cultural strategies have seen increased funding directed towards existing arts and science based institutions such as Newcastles Laing Art Gallery, the educational charity Centre for Life which promotes public engagement in science and The Gate leisure and retail complex. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	In summary, the contribution of culture to economic regeneration is evidenced in: Inward investment (public-private sector leverage) Higher resident and visitor spend Job creation (direct, indirect, induced)/wealth creation Employer location/retention Retention of graduates in the area (inc. artists/creatives) A more diverse work force (skills, profile) A driver in the development of new business, retail and leisure areas More public-private-voluntary sector partnerships More corporate involvement in the local cultural sector (leading to support in cash and in kind) Increased property prices (residential and business) The economic measurement of cultural projects has tended to arise where external funding - private but primarily public - has required information about the economic and employment impacts of the investment. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Community centers or ethnic associations or businesses promoting artistic practice? .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	The community celebrations, festivals, fairs, and parades per thousand population measure is of particular interest because we have found this type of arts and cultural activity to be especially significant within a community context. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	how can the Arts Council and other funders best support organisations seeking to develop programmes of work and offer participants opportunities to continue engaging with the arts? .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	These values relate to the ancillary effects of culture, where culture is used to achieve a social or economic purpose. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Is it possible to design processes that will bring benefits not only to creators, but also to venues and audiences? .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Audiences legitimate art and culture and make them sustainable. .
Currid, E., ; Williams, S.,	Two cities, five industries: Similarities and differences within and between cultural industries in New York and Los Angeles	As such, cultural industries tend to locate in places where cultural performance infrastructures are also present, the latter again being located in neighborhoods where demand for their goods and services is high. .
Currid, E., ; Williams, S.,	Two cities, five industries: Similarities and differences within and between cultural industries in New York and Los Angeles	Overall, these industries exhibit the need to be around a consumer base and high-value infrastructure necessary to their cultural production (e.g., stages, music halls, recording studios, and galleries). .
Currid, E., ; Williams, S.,	Two cities, five industries: Similarities and differences within and between cultural industries in New York and Los Angeles	Implications for the Study of Cultural Industries We believe that these results provide some significant implications for economic development and policy. .
Blessi, G.T., ; Tremblay , D., G.; Sandri, M., ; Pilati, T.,	New trajectories in urban regeneration processes: Cultural capital as source of human and social capital accumulation – Evidence from the case of Tohu in Montreal	While much attention has been paid to the way in which such urban clusters provide benefits to the economy through tourism or the so called knowledge economy, little attention has been paid to the relationship between these investments in urban districts, particularly the strengthening of their cultural resources/activities and the impact these investments have on the quality of life of the residents in peripheral districts. .
Bonet, L., ; Colbert, F., ; Courchesne, A.,	From Creative Nations to Creative Cities: an example of center-periphery dynamic in cultural policies- City, culture and Society	In more recent times, the rise of the so-called creative economy and the growth of the cultural industries have shifted the policy emphasis towards the economic potential of the arts and culture sector. .
Gainza, X.,	Culture‑led neighbourhood transformations beyond the revitalisation/gentrification dichotomy.	The rationale for supporting the emergence of cultural clusters combines economic and regeneration arguments. .
Gainza, X.,	Culture‑led neighbourhood transformations beyond the revitalisation/gentrification dichotomy.	The life cycle of cultural clusters Cultural clusters emerge in inner city areas with particular conditions attractive to artists and creative entrepreneurs. .
Gainza, X.,	Culture‑led neighbourhood transformations beyond the revitalisation/gentrification dichotomy.	The local cultural economy is made up of architecture, design and new media studios, cultural programmers, audiovisual producers, visual artists, performing arts companies, as well as boutiques and alternative art galleries. .
Gainza, X.,	Culture‑led neighbourhood transformations beyond the revitalisation/gentrification dichotomy.	Nevertheless, it is in the light of their role as agents for economic revitalisation that cultural firms have been accepted by urban planners and local residents, despite fears over displacement and loss of the neighbourhood idiosyncrasies. .
Markusen , A., ; Godwa, A.,	Arts and Culture in Urban or Regional Planning: A Review and Research Agenda	Urban or Regional Cultural Strategies Beyond evaluating outcomes in relation to norms and goals, vetting established causal economic theories, and probing how stakeholder participation and institutional or funding structures influence outcomes, researchers can greatly assist cultural planners and jurisdictions interested in pursuing creative city initiatives by evaluating the efficacy of specific cultural strategies. .
Markusen , A., ; Godwa, A.,	Arts and Culture in Urban or Regional Planning: A Review and Research Agenda	Other research frontiers include evaluations of targeted incentives for firms in cultural industries, support for individual artists and related cultural workers, public operating or project support for arts organizations, capital support for (and sometimes public ownership and operation of) arts and cultural facilities, and changes in planning regulations, such as zoning, low-income housing, rent control, and historic preservation, that bear on the potential for cultural activity. .
Markusen , A., ; Godwa, A.,	Arts and Culture in Urban or Regional Planning: A Review and Research Agenda	Other cultural planning tools, ranging from targeted incentives for firms in cultural industries to planning regulations, such as zoning, low-income housing, rent control, and historic preservation, represent other important research frontiers. .
Australian Expert Group in Industry Studies , AEGIS,	Social impacts of Participation in the Arts and Cultural Activities	The project aimed to identify, collate and evaluate existing applied research on the social impacts (benefits and costs) of participation in arts and cultural activity into a searchable database. .
Cicerchia, A.,	Social and economic impacts of culture in ECoC Italian candidate cities	Sub-themes include: artistic vibrancy of the year (cultural offer, innovative productions); profile of the sector (number and type of organisations, facilities and jobs); sustainability of the system (e.g. skill development in the cultural sector); the ECoC contribution (e.g. direct investment/funding of the city's cultural system) and contribution of other relevant regional, national or international institutions. .
Horton, S., ; Spence, J.,	Scoping the economic and social impact of archives.	Both cohorts recognised how museums built human and social capital, contributed to community development, and had the potential to yield economic benefits (attracting tourism, creating employment). .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	This attempt to integrate creative businesses with each other and with artistic and cultural experiences for visitors suggests potential for cultural districts better to integrate creative content and design industries within their own vision. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	In order to test the citys ability to satisfy the cultural expectations of its population, the index also includes an indicator of the overall cultural satisfaction with the cultural facilities in the city. .
Rahbarianyazd, R., ; Doratli, N.,	Assessing the contribution of cultural agglomeration in urban regeneration through developing cultural strategies.	This attempt could involve preparing adequate and suitable spaces for the creative classes and also investing in cultural institutions and bohemian cultural quarters. .
Kochergina E.	Urban Planning Aspects of Museum Quarters as an Architectural Medium for Creative Cities	Understanding of the economic benefits made city managers start an active promotion of creative clusters and their intensive integration into urban life, involving the main museums and cultural institutions. .
Pastak I., Kährik A.	The impacts of culture-led flagship projects on local communities in the context of post-socialist tallinn	Each of the flagship projects studieda cultural campus, a museum, and a cultural hubwas perceived to have substantial effects on neighbourhood development. .
Mckenzie M., Hutton T.	Culture-led Regeneration in the Post-industrial Built Environment: Complements and Contradictions in Victory Square, Vancouver	Culture, as an investment tool, is drawing the attention of global capital looking for new spaces and markets for itself, and is creating its own marketplace through creative industries. .
Biondi L., Demartini P., Marchegiani L., Marchiori M., Piber M.	Understanding orchestrated participatory cultural initiatives: Mapping the dynamics of governance and participation	And now they reap social, economic, and cultural benefits from the project. .
Ander E.E., Thomson L.J.M., Blair K., Noble G., Menon U., Lanceley A., Chatterjee H.J.	Using museum objects to improve wellbeing in mental health service users and neurological rehabilitation clients	Conclusion: Museums and their collections can be a valuable addition to cultural and arts occupations, in particular for long-stay hospital clients. .
Guachalla A.	Social inclusion and audience development at the Royal Opera House: a tourist perspective	Therefore, it is clear that the benefits of building bridges towards new markets for the performing arts ensures the long term economic sustainability of cultural institutions while making active contributions to social networks and interactions within society (see Aitchison, 2007). .
Guachalla A.	Social inclusion and audience development at the Royal Opera House: a tourist perspective	This confirms that the experience of the building is not only related to the direct appreciation of performing arts, but also to the provision of these services. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Supporting liveable neighbourhoods, a key driver of these placemaking programmes, is a priority within ACTs strategy. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	His architecture of community, a framework for place-making, has several important features. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Creative cities have the public and private infrastructures and institutions that create a vibrant local environment and trigger the production, development, and implementation of new ideas. .
Kosk K.	Social Participation in Residential Architecture as an Instrument for Transforming Both the Architecture and the People Who Participate in It	On the one hand, the involvement of future users in the design process has a positive effect on the expression of residential architecture, it contributes to the creation of its individual nature. .
la Cour K., Josephsson S., Luborsky M.	Creating connections of life during life-threatening illness: Creative activity experienced by elderly people and occupational therapists	In ideation, joy was evoked through reflective play with ideas. .
Korfmacher K.S., Garrison V.	Partnering to reduce environmental hazards through a community-based healthy home museum: Education for action	Having a concrete projectthe experience of operating a Healthy Home museumwas an effective way to develop and broaden a local healthy home partnership. .
Criss S., Kleinmann M.	Dotte agency: A participatory design model for community health	This filter allows for a more flexible approach than the traditional architectural model, where the desire of the community is given primary consideration, while issues such as whether it can be built efficiently help to guide the process towards a final design solution. .
Pareja, M., ; Piqué, J., M.	Urban regeneration and the creative knowledge economy: The case of 22@ in Barcelona	The main pillars of the project were the following: Variety of uses in the district: not only residential dwellings, but also economic activities were welcome. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Only through carefully planned, longterm strategy with a precise focus, can the expected spill-over effect through tourism be maximised for the benefit of the local and regional economy. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	An apparently successful artist-led regeneration of run down areas and buildings can lead to the rapid commodification of spaces for higher value (rental, capital) single-use spaces such as lofts, offices and retail outlets .
Backman, M., ; Nilsson, P.,	The role of cultural heritage in attracting skilled individuals	Related to the location-specific characteristics at the neighborhood level, we observe that there is a positive relationship between larger neighborhoods, in terms of population density, and the inflow of human capitalintensive individuals. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Finally, geographical clustering generates positive externalities in the areas where they are located, ranging from improved image and reputation and increased numbers of tourists to greater social pride and revitalised local economies (2017, p. 32). .
Valladares A.	Successes and failures of participation-in-design: Cases from Old Havana, Cuba	The clients wanted to expand the surface area of their house and build a room to rent to tourists. .
Martins J.C.	Tangible cultural heritage re-appropriation towards a new urban centrality. A critical crossroad in semi-peripheral eastern riverside lisbon	They arrive in these territories for its low initial land prices, creating cultural milieus, and conseguently improving the image of this renewed urban area as an exciting place to experience, to socialize, or even to live. .
Liu Y.-D.	Event and sustainable culture-led regeneration: Lessons from the 2008 European Capital of Culture, Liverpool	Since the regeneration project aims to improve the local, it often leads to rising house prices or living costs. .
Liu Y.-D.	Event and sustainable culture-led regeneration: Lessons from the 2008 European Capital of Culture, Liverpool	Even though this approach may benefit from raising awareness and attracting tourists in the short term, attracting tourists and external investment are increasingly dependent on factors that the city cannot control. .
Cerreta M., Daldanise G., Sposito S.	Culture-led regeneration for urban spaces Monitoring complex values networks in action	The practices analysed here point to the possibility of enhancing the public real estate assets and responding to a crucial challenge for both the historic centres and the suburbs. .
Pastak I., Kährik A.	The impacts of culture-led flagship projects on local communities in the context of post-socialist tallinn	The incomers are more affluent people who enjoy the changing living environment and new entertainment and leisure activities. .
Ozden P.	Culture-led regeneration projects in post-industrial areas: The Istanbul experience	The practices analysed here point to the possibility of enhancing the public real estate assets and responding to a crucial challenge for both the historic centres and the suburbs. .
Goldsmith B., O’Regan T.	LOCOMOTIVES AND STARGATES: Inner‐city studio complexes in Sydney, Melbourne and Toronto	Typically these redevelopments are central compo- nents of place-marketing strategies designed to increase local tourism, and involve dramatic makeovers of urban sites that either efface their former uses, remodel them for recreational purposes or alter them for consumption by tourists as nostalgic or romanticised places. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	Increased confidence and well being will enable individuals to apply for work; and conversely people in employment will feel that they can contribute to their community through a form of active citizenship. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Such innovative, not charitable, and efficient dimension of those projects works, using the logic of this method, and helps the growth and the success of organizations that are the expression of the no-profit sector. .
Currid, E., ; Williams, S.,	Two cities, five industries: Similarities and differences within and between cultural industries in New York and Los Angeles	Furthermore, while design firms certainly need studios and infrastructure to do their work, a significant part of design is contract work, whereby a design firm (or designer) works on a site-specific project, which both allows and encourages design industry clustering in multiple neighborhoods where its services would be in demand. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	This model was proposed to confirm the hypothesis that a relatively higher concentration of creative enterprises and creative workers in a geographic area yields a competitive edge by elevating the areas quality of life and improving its ability to attract economic activity (2006, p. 7). .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	This resulted in a higher concentration of jobs in R&D as well as a rise of creative employment, which leads the city to achieve a creative competitive advantage. .
Lee B., Na I.S.	A case study of a community center project based on appropriate technology as a community capacity building of underdeveloped country	It means technology that enables them to continue activities to increase their income by providing goods and services necessary for daily living. .
Ezepue E.M.	The New Nollywood: Professionalization or Gentrification of Cultural Industry	The potentials of such influx of foreign investments are numerous including continuing the professionalization and maybe the eventual gentrification of the industry. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	In turn, the new products and tourists flowing to the area to see and consume their work achieves one of the objectives of the projects and demonstrates soft power change in action. .
Cavalcanti A.R.C.	How does work shape informal cities? The critical design of cities and housing in brazilian slums	These migrants are thriving through labour opportunities in cities. .
Lenzo P., Traverso M., Salomone R., Ioppolo G.	Social life cycle assessment in the textile sector: An italian case study	This has enabled the achievement of numerous benefits, including improving business performance, reducing operating costs, enhancing image and reputation, increasing sales and customer loyalty, increasing productivity and quality, increased ability to attract and retain employees and improvements in relations with public authorities. .
Van Steenwinkel, I.; De Casterlé, B., D.; Heylighen, A.	How architectural design affords experiences of freedom in residential care for older people.	They aim to offer an environment that compensates for residents' impairments, supports them in conducting homey activities and moving independently and safely, affords social freedom of movement, and integrates residents in the neighborhood. .
Landry, C., ; Bianchini, F.,	The Creative City	For example, if people are involved in the design and management of their housing estates, this can help in fostering a culture that reduces crime and vandalism. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	There were real concerns over public safety in the Square, and ACT worked with an arts centre there to become a stronger multiarts anchor which could help build capacity for its resident local cultural organisations and for collaborative work with neighbourhood social service organisations. .
Stupar A., Mihajlov V., Lalovic K., Colic R., Petrovic F.	Participative placemaking in Serbia: The use of the limitless GIS application in increasing the sustainability of universal urban design	These guidelines could be used by designers, engineers, developers and other involved professionals to ensure the higher safety, accessibility and walkability of new and improved pedestrian facilities, adjusted to the latest standards and policies. .
Afacan Y., Afacan S.O.	Rethinking social inclusivity: Design strategies for cities	Such an exploration can guide planners, architects, designers and policy-makers to develop innovative sustainable solutions that maximise equity, functionality, affordability, attractiveness, safety, effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction. .
Afacan Y., Afacan S.O.	Rethinking social inclusivity: Design strategies for cities	It accommodates easy access and reach to services, facilities and green areas, which is a feature of good urban environments in urban villages, transit-oriented developments and sustainable developments (Talen, 2003). .
Mc L.J., Harrison I.R.	The effects of built environment design on opportunities for wellbeing in care homes	CONTRIBUTIONS AND LIMITATIONS This study contributes to an evolving architectural debate, generating evidence-based knowledge for designing environments that have the potential to improve the wellbeing of inhabitants. .
Hanna G.P., Noelker L.S., Bienvenu B.	The arts, health, and aging in America: 2005-2015	Universal Design The recommendations in Universal Design underscored the importance of designing and creating homes, neighborhoods, and communities that support choice and livability throughout the life span. .
Linton J.	Quiet contributors: The role of the arts, humanities and social sciences in innovation	Many countries are directing their attention toward the support of technological innovation in order to obtain economic and social benefits at home while positioning themselves for high margin, high technology export markets. .
Capolongo S., Rebecchi A., Dettori M., Appolloni L., Azara A., Buffoli M., Capasso L., Casuccio A., Conti G.O., D’amico A., Ferrante M., Moscato U., Oberti I., Paglione L., Restivo V., D’alessandro D.	Healthy design and urban planning strategies, actions, and policy to achieve salutogenic cities	^ to validate a tailored sprawl index that has to be coupled with emission reduction strategies including promotion of active transportation (i.e., vehicles, fuels, vehicle miles traveled) to realize exposure reductions across the entire population; ^ to implement a scheduled monitoring of urban sprawl in European environmental legislation, which will be useful to design health-promoting public green spaces in the urban environment that have the potential to be health-promoting in multiple dimensions (e.g., increasing physical activity, decreasing exposure to air pollution, and improving mental health). .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Culture as entertainment putting a city/region on the map! .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Other strategies developed by cultural organizations to enhance their relationships with the audience concern the use of digital technologies. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	The public response to popular music exhibitions means that they can be used as ways to develop collections. .
Lommerse M., Eggleston R., Brankovic K.	Designing Futures: A Model for Innovation, Growth and Sustainability of the Craft and Design Industry	The addition of a Digital Media Hub to this site will also aim to help open up access to new markets, audiences and networks across creative disciplines. .
Frishkopf, M.; Hamze, H.; Alhassan, M.; Zukpeni, I., A.; Abu, S.; Zakus, D.	Performing arts as a social technology for community health promotion in northern Ghana.	Through such active community involvement, we not only grew our audience but also blurred the lines between performers and the audience, encouraging the village community to assume some ownership of the event. .
Moreno L.P., Ruiz A.S., Giralt J.A.	Great Challenœs and the application of participatory tools in the planning of the informal city the case of Makeni, Sierra Leone Grandes retos y aplicación de herramientas participatives en la planificación dela ciudad informal el Caso de Makeni, Sierra Leona	Working with the local community, together with the development of the specific actions planned, generates a very direct interaction between people that enhances trust and collective involvement. .
Critten V., Kucirkova N.	‘It Brings it all Back, all those Good Times; it Makes Me Go Close to Tears’. Creating Digital Personalised Stories with People who have Dementia	We were interested in how the use of current, widely available and affordable digital technologies might facilitate the elicitation and sharing of special memories and the role of personalisation and multimedia in this process. .
Vardopoulos I., Stamopoulos C., Chatzithanasis G., Michalakelis C., Giannouli P., Pastrapa E.	Considering urban development paths and processes on account of adaptive reuse projects	Seen as a prime example of an evolving cultural heritage conservation process applying the principles of economic, environmental, and social sustainability, and used in order to manage mainly cultural heritage assets and resources efficiently, the interaction with social media use, and smart city initiatives are examined. .
Kemper K.J., Hamilton C.A., McLean T.W., Lovato J.	Impact of music on pediatric oncology outpatients	Music is widely used to enhance well-being. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Consequently, when exploring the social effects produced by cultural activities we can refer to different domains of societal impacts. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	Future studies are encouraged to examine diverse populations in differing cultural and social environments to understand the varied ways in which these mechanisms unfold. .
Jeannotte, M., S.	Singing alone? The contribution of cultural capital to social cohesion and sustainable communities	Others, however, utilized various means of cultural expression as a platform for activism. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The success and buzz generated by the project can be explained, on one side, by the innovative approach to audience development, which consists of adopting an action research methodology and involving venues and festivals with different approaches to audience participation. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Culture as a glocal fixpoint recently we see how political strategies embrace culture as a way to highlight the local cultural virtues and opportunities and at the same time reflect the ongoing global tendencies, movements and formats. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	These various parameters are cultural factors. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	This moved the focus of cultural policy towards the transformative potential of cultural democracy and towards popular participation in cultural activities as a way to foster social inclusion. .
Tavano Blessi, G.; Grossi, E.; Sacco, P. L.; Piereti, G.; Ferilli, G.	The contribution of cultural participation to urban well-being. A comparative study in Bolzano/Bozen and Siracusa, Italy	In this paper, we have shown how urban cultural environments, with their endowments of cultural facilities and activities, and their characteristic levels of cultural participation, may have a significant impact upon the individual subjective well-being of residents of medium-sized cities. .
Cicerchia, A.,	Social and economic impacts of culture in ECoC Italian candidate cities	Answering these questions requires the assessment of demographic and geographic data on participants and non-participants in cultural activities, and access to opportunities for cultural involvement. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Resources of a different kind are emerging to help cultural institutions evaluate the breadth of impact achieved. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	By offering a rich display of material culture in addition to the music itself, these exhibitions are recognizing that popular music is produced, presented and engaged with across a range of textual sites. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	An important aspect of the cultural industries, according to UNESCO, is that they are central in promoting and maintaining cultural diversity and in ensuring democratic access to culture (2010, pp. 11-12). .
Carney J.	Culture and mood disorders: The effect of abstraction in image, narrative and film on depression and anxiety	The value of such measurement is that it allows for cultural representations to be compared with one another, both within and between the categories they belong to. .
Manias-Muñoz M., Barreiro M.S., Rodríguez A.I.	Public policies, diversity and national cinemas in the Spanish context: Catalonia, basque country and Galicia	Films do contribute to reflect the global cultural diversity. .
Biondi L., Demartini P., Marchegiani L., Marchiori M., Piber M.	Understanding orchestrated participatory cultural initiatives: Mapping the dynamics of governance and participation	This study investigates Participatory Cultural Initiatives (i.e., cultural and creative projects, events, and experiences that involve civic engagement), shedding light on how participation unfolds and what elements best explain its dynamics. .
Evans G.	Participation and provision in arts & culture – bridging the divide	A focus on cultural mapping approaches to accessible cultural amenities reveals important evidence for bridging the divide between cultural participation and provision. .
Urbanowicz K., Nyka L.	Interactive and Media Architecture - From Social Encounters to City Planning Strategies	What are the possible ways of integrating interactive and media technologies into architectural and urban renewal projects and how could media and interactive technologies contribute to urban processes making them more effective, creative or participatory? .
Urbanowicz K., Nyka L.	Interactive and Media Architecture - From Social Encounters to City Planning Strategies	In this context media and interactive projects may be recognized as a supporting tool in city renewal policies. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	The Living Archive Project grew out of a strong local interest in community documen- tary drama to record, explore and articulate local peoples history through theatre, publications and other means. .
Shim A., Yecies B., Ren X., Wang D.	Cultural intermediation and the basis of trust among webtoon and webnovel communities	The globalization of Asian media becomes an even more powerful force when cultural products are able to deliver the values and traditions shared in the region through advanced technology, mature storytelling techniques and sophisticated visual styles. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	Other responses were because of the variety and possibility of music, and because it is a powerful way to track history and culture. .
Shaw K.	Y21: Culture-led regeneration in twenty-first century UK city regions	It also suggests that strategically investing in events and opportunities for small-scale engagement between the academy and local communities can lead to more sustainable practices and development opportunities. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	In this sense, sports events can be an effective venue through which college students can access and share information about other cultural events and expand their scope of cultural participation. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	So, in addition to providing information about physical places to go to make or experience arts and culture, the Internet can provide virtual venues for these experiences. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Indeed, when applied for curating additional information and providing an increased understanding of the content, they could make experiences more shareable. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	The Beat Goes Online was made available through touch-screen interactives positioned in the final part of the exhibition so that visitors could learn about the availability of this resource and perhaps choose to explore it after their visit. .
Huffer, I.,	Social inclusivity, cultural diversity and online film consumption	In doing so, the article grants us a clearer understanding of the degree to which online film distribution fosters diversity and inclusivity through the connections it facilitates between audiences and content..
Huffer, I.,	Social inclusivity, cultural diversity and online film consumption	In doing so, the article grants us a clearer understanding of the degree to which online film distribution fosters diversity and inclusivity through the connections it facilitates between audiences and content. .
Widodo J., Wong Y.C., Ismail F.	DIGITAL HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE METHODOLOGY for HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT of SINGAPORE	It also enables greater connection to the digital platform with the end-users. .
Widodo J., Wong Y.C., Ismail F.	DIGITAL HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE METHODOLOGY for HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT of SINGAPORE	The website will facilitate discovery of new information for the end-users. .
Catenaccio P., Khonsari T.	The construction of a civic neighbourhood as/through cultural production a discourse analytical approach to participatory art and temporary architecture	The digital platforms here analysed have enabled access to a wide civil society required in the construction of community led neighbourhood planning. .
Pastak I., Kährik A.	The impacts of culture-led flagship projects on local communities in the context of post-socialist tallinn	The high level of usability of the creative campus can be associated with the character of the created space, which is accessible in both physical and social terms: visitors can freely enter the area, and the diversity of activities offered increases the volume of daily visits and favours local social practices. .
Shim A., Yecies B., Ren X., Wang D.	Cultural intermediation and the basis of trust among webtoon and webnovel communities	These digital media formats and their cultural intermediaries play a key role in the global diffusion of amateur and professional content and their associated fan bases. .
Langdridge D., Gabb J., Lawson J.	Art as a pathway to impact: Understanding the affective experience of public engagement with film	We might also explore wider engagement through the use of greater online presentation of visual material followed by data collection that is also online. .
Bygren, L. O.; Johansson, S.,‑E.; Konlaan, B., B., Grjibovski, A., M.; Wilkinson, A., V.; Sjöström, M.	Attending cultural events and cancer mortality: A Swedish cohort study.	Cultural participation index The main variable of interest was attendance at cultural events. .
Konlaan, B. B.; Bygren, L. O.; Johansson, S. E.	Visiting the cinema, concerts, museums or art exhibitions as determinant of survival: a Swedish fourteen-year cohort follow-up.	Our focus of interest however was on attendance at cultural events. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The literature on this topic focuses exclusively on such individuals desire to attend concerts and other performances and to visit galleries and museums, but that does not mean these individuals may not also be attracted to places where there are ample opportunities for hands-on participation in the arts (e.g., community theaters, ensembles). .
Hill Strategies , R.,	Social Effects of the Arts: Exploratory Statistical Evidence.	Performing arts attendance For many social indicators, attendees at performing arts events (including theatre, popular music, classical music, dance or opera) have a stronger sense of social engagement than nonattendees. .
Jeannotte, M., S.	Singing alone? The contribution of cultural capital to social cohesion and sustainable communities	While the study found the usual correlations between arts attendance and higher incomes and education, it also found that the number of arts and cultural groups in the respondents zip code was the best single predictor of participation in arts events. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	More specifically, activating local groups of spectators was the key to secure their loyalty towards the activities of the theatres and festivals involved in Be SpectACTive!.
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Someone is more likely to be on the stage and dance, someone wants to help the company by showing them the city and introducing them to local citizens, someone is interested in cultural management and wants to join the process of performance selection, and someone just wants to meet the artists and see their show. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Performing arts Traditionally recognised as forms of creative activity performed in front of an audience, such as drama, music, and dance (Performing Arts, n.d.). .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	The definition includes conventional interpretations of arts and culture (high arts and audience participation), but only as part of a larger picture of active arts practice and in a wider range of artistic genres that reflect the values and preferences of the population groups that make up communities. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	The arts establishments per thousand population, nonprofit arts organizations per thousand population, and nonprofit community celebrations, festivals, fairs, and parades measures provide a sense of the incidence and density of some of the arts and culture-related venues that our field research points to as significant opportunities for cultural participation defined broadly. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Audience development is one of the main priorities that artists, theatres, cultural institutions and art companies had to deal with over the last few years. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	This partly explains why programs are mostly designed by venue-related arts professionals and by cultural institutions (in the ways portrayed in the above discussion), taking high culture to smaller venues. .
Degen, M., ; Garcia, M.,	The Transformation of the ‘Barcelona Model’: An Analysis of Culture, Urban Regeneration.	Going to the theatre or visiting an art gallery are as much local as tourist activities. .
Rosenstein, C.,	Cultural development and city neighborhoods.	Some neighborhoods also are home to museums, theaters, annual festivals, indigenous cultural practices, music and dance venues - places and activities that appeal to visitors from other parts of the city, from the surrounding suburbs and from farther away. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	Focusing on exhibitions and displays about popular music in museums, this article considers the way in which popular music and its attendant cultural practices have been displayed, interpreted, valued and mobilized for museum audiences. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	In numerous countries around the world there is now a developing tradition within the museum, gallery and heritage sectors of staging exhibitions related to popular music. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Creative experience providers typically include theatre, opera and dance production companies, and live music organisers and promoters. .
Navarro Yanez, C., J.	Do ‘creative cities’ have a dark side? Cultural scenes and socioeconomic status in Barcelona and Madrid (1991–2001)	These areas combined the new and large cultural installations such as music venues and theaters as well as the entertainment and commercial facilities (restaurants, bars, specialized shops etc.) that constitute the main attraction for the high status population but also for tourists. .
Evans G.	Participation and provision in arts & culture – bridging the divide	An interesting contribution to the place-cultural experience relationship has been provided by the introduction of live theatre screenings in cinemas by the National Theatre, Metropolitan Opera (New York), Covent Garden Opera House and other larger venue organisations such as the English National Opera. .
Fancourt D., Steptoe A.	Cultural engagement predicts changes in cognitive function in older adults over a 10 year period: Findings from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing	Productive cultural activities include singing in choirs, taking part in dance classes and engaging in crafts activities, while receptive cultural activities include going to the cinema, watching a concert or visiting a museum (also referred to as cultural engagement). .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	On the one hand, performing arts can be the content or context for health promotion campaigns, with initiatives encompassing everything from popular songs, to television advertisements, specific fundraising campaigns and other participation-oriented health promotion activities. .
Guachalla A.	Social inclusion and audience development at the Royal Opera House: a tourist perspective	These can be associated with attendance to performing arts events that enable information acquisition of performers, cultural venues and other details of cultural productions. .
Guachalla A.	Social inclusion and audience development at the Royal Opera House: a tourist perspective	In this sense, the role of cultural providers such as Opera Houses and their initiatives to make their cultural produce accessible to new and emerging markets can be fundamental in the process of cultural capital acquisition. .
Guachalla A.	Social inclusion and audience development at the Royal Opera House: a tourist perspective	For example, when there is demand for a particular ballet production but efforts are made to promote attendance to comparable productions. .
Therese Berg I.	Participation to the people! Locating the popular in Rimini Protokolls Home Visit Europe	The performances of the widely successful group are situated within the economy of the international touring circuit that is embedded in an experimental theatre tradition, but also within that of the experience economy and festivaliza-tion of the arts. .
Windle G., Newman A., Burholt V., Woods B., OBrien D., Baber M., Hounsome B., Parkinson C., Tischler V.	Dementia and Imagination: A mixed-methods protocol for arts and science research	Arts-based activities include dance, music, theatre, creative writing, visual art and singing. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Music, dance, poetry, and visual arts have been used throughout the ages to mark significant events (birth, marriage, death, etc.), to express religious sentiments, and to capture both religious and secular narratives valued by the community. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	The other use refers to the impact of cultural activity on the culture of a place or community, meaning its codes of conduct, its identity, its heritage and what is termed cultural governance (i.e. citizenship, participation, representation, diversity). .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	This review is therefore inclusive of activities that involve active participation in a cultural practice that includes music and/or dance. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	A cultural event, by definition, has its focus on culture, although it may contain other elements. .
Särkämö T.	Music for the ageing brain: Cognitive, emotional, social, and neural benefits of musical leisure activities in stroke and dementia	Different musical activities, ranging from music listening to active musical participation through singing, playing an instrument, and dancing, have been an essential part of human culture across history. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	In addition to these developments in music (and of course those that are ongoing in music therapy, dance therapy and expressive arts therapy), all areas of music and the arts can have a part to play in music and health for all. .
Therese Berg I.	Participation to the people! Locating the popular in Rimini Protokolls Home Visit Europe	It comprises both music and performing arts, and it traditionally has balanced between entertaining a broad audience, preserving the classical tradition, while also presenting experimental work. .
Young R., Camic P.M., Tischler V.	The impact of community-based arts and health interventions on cognition in people with dementia: A systematic literature review	The above studies, conducted in community centres, day and residential care services, depict a variety of interventions including live music with participation, recorded music, group singing, and rhythm and songs interventions including the use of props and music to cue reminiscence and dance performances and participation. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	The economic importance of the arts is increasingly appreciated, but to consider only the financial impact of cultural activities is to produce a distorted picture of their actual value to society. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The magnitude of these benefits, and thus the arts contribution to the local economy as a whole, depends on the size of the multiplier effect. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Can we afford developing projects on such basis, all in all closely resembling the classical activity of production in performing arts funding artists to create new shows, inspired by the society surrounding them? .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	The first one, attaining to the economic-productive sphere, consists of a sort of convergence of the urban economy and the culture dominions, so that the sectors producing goods and services with a high cultural and symbolic content are more competitive (from entertainment to personal education, to achievement of a social status); culture itself is moreover intended as a marketable good in its different expressions (performing arts, media, entertainment). .
McDonnell, B., ; Shellard, D.,	Social impact study of UK theatre	It constitutes a considerable economic investment by non-arts agencies in theatre. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	For example, a well-respected theater employing a professional staff is more likely to draw visitors and tourists from outside the community than is a local community arts project exhibition, and hence it will have a greater economic impact. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	Such an exercise, which exploits the mechanisms of the property market, though time-consuming and complex, provides a useful mechanism to help achieve affordable and sustainable space for cultural use in perpetuity at a time of escalating property prices. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	The Participatory Turn in Cultural Policy: Paradigms, Models, Contexts.	The role of audiences in this cultural and creative economy paradigm is linked to their role as consumers or users who make the business financially viable, whether directly or indirectly. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	As an active part of the value chain, prosumers help, on the one hand, to reduce production costs, whilst cultural organizations, on the other hand, gain in terms of loyalty, commitment and economic and social profitability. .
Gainza, X.,	Culture‑led neighbourhood transformations beyond the revitalisation/gentrification dichotomy.	This is an outcome that would in a way be expected, given that the policy focus was to concentrate cultural production and alternative consumption to stimulate the cultural economy and exploit the creative image of the city, rather than employment. .
Gainza, X.,	Culture‑led neighbourhood transformations beyond the revitalisation/gentrification dichotomy.	On the other hand, the regeneration strategy has spurred the cultural economy in Raval, despite part of the creative community being priced out. .
Australian Expert Group in Industry Studies , AEGIS,	Social impacts of Participation in the Arts and Cultural Activities	A second element of the policy context is interest in the role that such contributions by the cultural sector can play in justifying public funding for arts and cultural programs and institutions and thus helping ensure the financial viability of the sector in a climate of greatly increased demand for public accountability. .
Backman, M., ; Nilsson, P.,	The role of cultural heritage in attracting skilled individuals	They apply an instrumental variable approach and find that it is the local level of high-human-capital employees who value proximity to a Baroque opera house and that this in turn has a positive effect on regional growth. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	Because neighborhoods like Norris Square are already sustaining a vital cultural scene, they present planners with opportunities for time-limited, strategic interventions to expand their effectiveness and spur profitable investment. .
Grodach, C.,	Museums as Urban Catalysts: The Role of Urban Design in Flagship Cultural Development	You bring in the cultural facilities and suddenly you now have hotels that are more viable. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	The evaluation of culture policies is a way to justify cultural investment despite budget cuts and is especially useful for policy-makers as they need to allocate priorities and funding in a context of reduced public spending. .
Środa-Murawska S.	Railway feat. culture – Rumia library effect as an example of the influence of culture-led regeneration in a medium-sized city in Poland	As indicated by the city authorities, obtaining cofinancing for the activities related to the Culture Station was primarily a part of the city's cultural policy which aims to ensure the best possible cultural offer for the residents. .
Pastak I., Kährik A.	The impacts of culture-led flagship projects on local communities in the context of post-socialist tallinn	Following the creative city concept and using Western theories based on successful models of culture-led urban regeneration have led to a situation where local creativity is used like a business model to create surplus value. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	It is, ultimately, about make appear the large /flows of income generated by cultural activity on the local or regional economy. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	The impact of the festival in context In short, the celebration of the Valdivia International Film Festival generates various incomes that are dispersed throughout the economy of the city and the region and that contribute to the productive fabric of the area, to employment in the city and to the development of the audiovisual and cultural sector of Valdivia. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	For this reason, the initiative of the Valdivia International Film Festival helps to develop the productive and business fabric of the city and contributes to one of the most powerful economic sectors in the area, the tourist and commercial sector, in a generalized outsourcing process. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Conclusion: Health Equity Benefits of Increasing Employment Possibilities via Community Arts This qualitative study illustrated that socioeconomic status increases for participants in VMT music theatre productions, festivals and community-engaged arts initiatives. .
Thompson J., Day J.	Understanding the impact and value of temporary public art sculpture trails	That said, the community interest and engagement may be motivated more by social and cultural factors, though a positive revenue stream will clearly matter. .
Noice T., Noice H., Kramer A.F.	Participatory arts for older adults: A review of benefits and challenges	It seems highly likely that such arts organizations would welcome inquiries from researchers about setting up individual studies on their drama, dance, and other participatory arts programs, since increased evidence of their value to society could make a more persuasive case for funding. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The enhancement comes through the development of local arts groups and leaders, through the promotion of cooperation among arts and non-arts groups, and through the more general process of people organizing and getting involved in civic institutions and volunteer associationsstructural assets that are essential for community mobilization and revitalization (Wali, Severson, and Longoni, 2002; Stern, 2000). .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	For most of these volunteers, their experience in the programme is an introduction into the world of culture and performing arts; as such, they have the opportunity to be exposed to the latest international performances as well as to broaden their horizon by having the unique experience of helping to organise these events. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	Research findings concluded that theatre visits acted as a catalyst to nurture community spirit. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Starting from the need to gain a deeper knowledge of audiences, cultural organizations could implement loyalty programs, by inviting target groups not only to attend to performances, but also to take part in meaningful experiences, thus creating bonds of mutual trust, shared interest and worthwhile expectations from both sides of the relationship. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	Taking the theater for community development genre developed by companies like Cornerstone Theater Company and Augusto Boals Theatre of the Oppressed to a new level, these projects involve community members in the creation of a theatrical production, and in its performance. .
Ritchie A., Gaulter A.	Dancing towards belonging: the use of a dance intervention to influence migrant pupils’ sense of belonging in school	The study gives strength to the use of dance to support the psychological wellbeing of newly arrived migrant pupils. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Taking part in performing arts, in particular singing in a choir and dancing with a group of people, is associated with both increased social affiliation and health (Kreutz and Murcia 2012; Kreutz 2014). .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	I appreciate the range of performances, which were chosen for the programme, the variety of genres and venues was a great benefit of the programme. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The key to a successful residency was very clearly demonstrated to lie in the selection of the artist or company who genuinely have community engagement at the heart of its creative process combined with a commissioning theatre that shared those values. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	While some of these forms attempt to include non-professionals in the production of a show or a piece, considering participation as the very foundation of an artistic practice, some other would use participation as a simple tool to make better shows thanks to new inspirations and relations. .
Belfiore, E., ; Bennett, O.,	Rethinking the Social Impacts of the Arts	The fact that cultural policy promotes this debate about value is obviously welcomed by those who work in or value the arts themselves and wish to see the arts as a vital and invigorating part of the public sphere. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Public buildings dedicated to the creation, production and performance of art and culture, for instance, could be controlled by several collectives/organizations to build true community art centers, comprising different art forms and different sizes and types of organizations, all directly linked to the local community. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	When it comes to the arts, one way to empower a community is to offer its members the chance to become part of a team that selects a portion, or the totality, of a venues or festivals artistic program. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	This is an important point, because it places audiences at the heart of the arts in a role of creative centricity. .
Blessi, G.T., ; Tremblay , D., G.; Sandri, M., ; Pilati, T.,	New trajectories in urban regeneration processes: Cultural capital as source of human and social capital accumulation – Evidence from the case of Tohu in Montreal	Here, the policy of participation and free shows has obviously had an impact, which shows the fundamental importance of strategic coordination among local administrations, cultural actors and community organizations in providing socially oriented cultural events. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Times Square is particularly ambitious, seeking through cultural activities not only to give coherence to an iconic public space but to create an environment where installations and performances foster conversations around urgent social issues. .
Badham, M.,	Cultural Indicators: Tools for Community Engagement?	A new mandate of Cultural Indicators may encourage local democracy and community engagement by asking what is valued. .
Urbanowicz K., Nyka L.	Interactive and Media Architecture - From Social Encounters to City Planning Strategies	Their objective is to attract people, to let them gather in a particular place of the city and enjoy the surrounding or a play, in which they have been involved. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	Music and dance activities appear to be highly engaging and enjoyable, indicating that participants might be positively motivated to commit to ongoing participation in music and dance interventions or programmes. .
Mansfield L., Kay T., Meads C., Grigsby-Duffy L., Lane J., John A., Daykin N., Dolan P., Testoni S., Julier G., Payne A., Tomlinson A., Victor C.	Sport and dance interventions for healthy young people (15-24 years) to promote subjective well-being: A systematic review	Large-scale community sport and dance interventions have the potential to influence the well-being of people at population level. .
Williamson V.J., Bonshor M.	Wellbeing in brass bands: The benefits and challenges of group music making	The importance of this aspect of group music-making for social wellbeing implies that future research needs to look beyond the social environment of the practice/performance room to gather a full picture of how music making can foster positive social wellbeing. .
Cowie P.	Performing planning: Understanding community participation in planning through theatre	This project set out to create a piece of theatre which was both entertaining and stimulating in the way it engaged communities. .
Evans, G.,	Measure for measure: evaluating the evidence of culture’s contribution to regeneration.	The regenerative effect of cultural impacts also arisesthe impact of cultural activity on the culture of a community, its codes of conduct, its identityand notions of citizenship, participation and diversity. .
Montalto, V., ; Tacao Moura, C., J.; Langedijk, S., ; Saisana, M.,	Culture counts: An empirical approach to measure the cultural and creative vitality of European cities.	Provided that culture uniquely defines a city, which urban contexts are more culturally vibrant? .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	But when there are new partners from different fields (theatre, multimedia, music, etc.) there will be more of lets call it useful diversity. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Specifically the great metropolitan areas are the core of this renewed role of the cultural tourism, which is always more a mass phenomenon although constituted by specific elements, and are building a more complex relation with the creativity sector, a true instrument of revival for the cities identity image. .
McDonnell, B., ; Shellard, D.,	Social impact study of UK theatre	Theatres social impacts derive from this complex playfulness, from the rich range of its forms, the many languages with which it speaks to the imagination. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Presence of Opportunities for Cultural Participation Our research finds that a mix of nonprofit, commercial, public, and informal venues and opportunities for cultural engagement is essential to create the continuum of participation that enables robust arts practice and consumption, both amateur and professional.6 .
Blessi, G.T., ; Tremblay , D., G.; Sandri, M., ; Pilati, T.,	New trajectories in urban regeneration processes: Cultural capital as source of human and social capital accumulation – Evidence from the case of Tohu in Montreal	These are as follows: - the existence (or absence) of cultural engagement activities for individual and groups; - the direct contribution of citizens to the production of cultural events or activities; - the local governance system aiming to promote and develop the cultural offer within the urban environment. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	It is the arena for living and expressing culture. .
García, B., ; Melville, R., ; Cox, T.,	Creating an Impact: Liverpool’s Experience as European Capital of Culture	- Culture is more widely accepted as a driver for economic change, health and social inclusion. .
Stern, M., J.	Measuring the Outcomes of Creative Placemaking	Looking at a neighborhood basis, that having at the streets and having artists as part of this community is part of what we stand for -just as we are in favor of diverse housing. .
Huffer, I.,	Social inclusivity, cultural diversity and online film consumption	However, given some of the gaps that exist between different audiences, technologies, and cultures, the role of theatrical exhibition should ideally be employed in conjunction with other methods of distribution and in ways that reach across established taste distinctions where possible. .
Navarro Yanez, C., J.	Do ‘creative cities’ have a dark side? Cultural scenes and socioeconomic status in Barcelona and Madrid (1991–2001)	First, there is a strong relationship between socioeconomic status and non-conventional cultural scenes. .
Foley B.C., Vassallo A.J., Reece L.J.	Lights out, lets dance! An investigation into participation in No Lights, No Lycra and its association with health and wellbeing	Dancing is an activity which lends itself to an inclusive format, due to its various styles and intensities of movement. .
Evans G.	Participation and provision in arts & culture – bridging the divide	In some respects this forms part of the cultural capital which together with education directs the trajectories that influence personal taste and attitudes towards culture. .
Booth K., O’Connor J.	Planning for creative effects: the Museum of Old and New Art	In the expanded version it states, Valuing arts and culture as part of our daily lives has transformed our community. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Nevertheless, I invite you to consider the multiple roles that music and culture play in all of the areas discussed below. .
Lundgren B., Scheckle E.	Hope and future: youth identity shaping in post-apartheid South Africa	Therefore individuals shaping of an identity can be seen to be a product of their culture and also of personal growth within a society which constantly develops and evolves. .
Guachalla A.	Social inclusion and audience development at the Royal Opera House: a tourist perspective	From an international tourism perspective, future research could explore how an individuals socio-demographic characteristics including cultural background and nationality influence their engagement with opera and ballet productions. .
Frishkopf, M.; Hamze, H.; Alhassan, M.; Zukpeni, I., A.; Abu, S.; Zakus, D.	Performing arts as a social technology for community health promotion in northern Ghana.	Singing and Dancing for Health is an ongoing, arts-based public health initiative, centered on the creation, evaluation, and refinement of artistic performance - dance dramas, combining music, dance, costume, poetry, narrative, melodrama, and comedy - as a highly economical public health technology: an intervention supporting health promotion in Dagbani-speaking rural areas of Ghanas Northern Region. .
McDonnell, B., ; Shellard, D.,	Social impact study of UK theatre	Evaluation drives the development of new creative strategies, strengthens partnerships, and underpins a communitys or a citys investment in theatre. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Our definition of cultural vitality calls for a much more complex concept of arts and cultural assets in communities and the resources required to bring these to fruition, sustain, or expand them. .
Blessi, G.T., ; Tremblay , D., G.; Sandri, M., ; Pilati, T.,	New trajectories in urban regeneration processes: Cultural capital as source of human and social capital accumulation – Evidence from the case of Tohu in Montreal	In recent decades, culture has become increasingly important for strategies designed to deal with new trajectories of urban areas, and in this respect, culture has been used as a tool to revive dismantled industrial and waterfront sites of city centers and derelict areas and as a territorial marketing instrument for a better placing of cities in the post-industrial global market place. .
Gainza, X.,	Culture‑led neighbourhood transformations beyond the revitalisation/gentrification dichotomy.	Finally, if the policy rationale lies on stimulating the local cultural economy, how can innovation capabilities be enhanced and the life cycle of these cultural clusters expanded? .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	The Arts Ripple Effect, a study commissioned by ArtsWave, revealed that the value of the arts lies in bringing people together and contributing to the vibrancy of communities. .
Martins J.C.	Tangible cultural heritage re-appropriation towards a new urban centrality. A critical crossroad in semi-peripheral eastern riverside lisbon	We can see that culture is being promoted as a driver of urban change, but in the future will be the luxury real estate which will occupy and Dominante this area. .
Liu Y.-D.	Event and sustainable culture-led regeneration: Lessons from the 2008 European Capital of Culture, Liverpool	It is concluded that incorporating events in citys long-term regeneration trajectory, continued support and enhancement of local cultural processes and structures, and highlighting community involvement and development are three major factors to ensure the cultural sustainability of event. .
Carnegie A., Norris M.	Strengthening communities, building capacity, combating stigma: exploring the potential of culture-led social housing regeneration	Culture-led regeneration has long been recognised as a mechanism of re-branding declining urban areas by providing cultural infrastructure, such as museums, galleries and theatres. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	They are hoping to use music to help revitalise the town. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	As we have seen, by transporting symbols and references culture and the arts provide tools to stimulate discussion and to help citizens to position themselves in community life, which by itself can forge bottom-up processes of action and contribute to engagement in democratic civic life. .
Laaksonen, A.,	Measuring Cultural Exclusion through Participation in Cultural Life.	The Charter aimed at a formulation of cultural action and entitlement by recognizing the cultural dimension of urban space, generating the use of public space, and promoting participation, a sense of place, affiliation and belonging and social cohesion and inclusion. The process was based on the idea that city is a clear cultural space which is not necessary physical, and cultural groups were invited to define the elements necessary to the harmonization of the shared space. The basic principle of the exercise was that participation forms an integral part of cultural action and that the involvement of the civil society in the implementation, definition and categorisation of rights and regulations is fundamental. The exercise meant not only to the possibility of sharing the public space in a tolerant, equal and respectful manner but also the opportunity to participate in social, political and economic processes in order to contribute to the social construction ofthis shared space17 The methodology used in order to chart the needs, necessities and priorities that the local people and communities have, a questionnaire of roughly 60 items was used. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Altogether, these factors marked the path for a renewed relevance of audience development in nowadays performing arts and European cultural policy. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	The Participatory Turn in Cultural Policy: Paradigms, Models, Contexts.	The factors that facilitate participatory dynamics are: a good integration of the artistic operator into his social environment; the ability of the direction to lose some programming power in order to expand their cultural project; the quality of the management of the spectator groups. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	A new equilibrium is emerging, in which civic cultural leadership not only builds and sustains pillar organizations, but aims to integrate art, culture and creativity into every aspect of community life. .
Waddington-Jones C., King A., Burnard P.	Exploring wellbeing and creativity through collaborative composition as part of hull 2017 city of culture	The Role of the Composer-Facilitator For these residencies, there was a balance between working toward a final product, a public performance, and emphasizing engaging in the creative process. .
Staniškyte J.	Spectatorship, politics and the rules of participation: Re-discovering the audience in contemporary Lithuanian theatre	A protest village installation is built onstage to serve as a performatively engaging provocation to collaborate, to build a community of protest. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	This plan acknowledged the democratization of the access to culture as a mechanism not only for contact with different forms of artistic expression, but mainly for promoting social interaction and reducing the social and economic barriers inside each community. .
Montalto, V., ; Campagna, D., ; Caperna, G.,	Does Culture Make a Better Citizen? Exploring the Relationship Between Cultural and Civic Participation in Italy	Future research could also more specifically look at the unique social benefits of cultural participation compared to other kinds of activities such as sports practice, or study the effect of culture on civic life at regional or neighborhood level and assess whether richer and more accessible cultural offers contribute to higher level of cultural participation and civic engagement, even for individuals with lower educational or income levels..
Laaksonen, A.,	Measuring Cultural Exclusion through Participation in Cultural Life.	The aims of the principle of the Right to Take Part in Cultural Life are to remove obstacles to the equal access to possibilities, opportunities and resources by all members of the community on equal bases without discrimination. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	Increased use of searchable online information and archive sources in the regeneration and cultural fields could provide access to a wider audience, provided this is information is accessible (i.e. free) and not outside of the reach of community and cultural groups (more deprived communities have far less access to the internet, often less than 50%). .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	In some cities the economic downturn made access to low-cost premises for cultural activities easier. .
Ratti, M.,	Outcome indicators for the cultural sector	This is im-proved availability to all of high quality, affordable, accessible and inclusive cultural services, all right, and also strong public awareness of and participation to artistic and cultural activities. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	Many of the current-day examples of crowd-sourcing artistic content are made possible by the ease of sharing digital files. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	Furthermore, music and dance activities can be delivered and accessed with relatively little expense in comparison to mainstream healthcare facilities and services. .
Žilič Fišer S., Kožuh I.	The Impact of Cultural Events on Community Reputation and Pride in Maribor, The European Capital of Culture 2012	Thanks in part to their being entrance fee free, it led to the increased participation of citizens. .
Montalto, V., ; Campagna, D., ; Caperna, G.,	Does Culture Make a Better Citizen? Exploring the Relationship Between Cultural and Civic Participation in Italy	At a higher strategic level, cultural and social policy-makers could for instance work more closely together with a view to support the social dissemination of culture for securing citizen engagement and social inclusion processes. .
Laaksonen, A.,	Measuring Cultural Exclusion through Participation in Cultural Life.	Quite simplifying that would mean that people should have certain rights to guarantee their ability to express and consume, and have access to, culture of their own choice, and that without the right to participate in cultural life, people are unable to develop the cultural and social bonds that hold societies together. .
Jeannotte, M., S.	Singing alone? The contribution of cultural capital to social cohesion and sustainable communities	We do not yet understand why people who participate in cultural activity also seem to have higher rates of participation in their communities, but if this connection proves to have a robust link to social capital and the quality of community life, it may signal a role for cultural capital that goes far beyond opera tickets for the elite. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	This enabled the Playhouse to examine how mutually beneficial relationships can be developed between the theatre and its immediate community. .
Kirschner, S., ; Tomasello, M.,	Joint music making promotes pro-social behavior in 4-year-old children	Among other functional mechanisms, we propose that music making, including joint singing and dancing, encourages the participants to keep a constant audiovisual representation of the collective intention and shared goal of vocalizing and moving together in time thereby effectively satisfying the intrinsic human desire to share emotions, experiences and activities with others..
Kirschner, S., ; Tomasello, M.,	Joint music making promotes pro-social behavior in 4-year-old children	In the case of music, cultural groups that sang and danced together during certain rituals would have experienced a stronger group cohesion which could have led to many different types of group beneficial behaviors in competition with other groups. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	The value of the arts in this participatory culture is its ability to connect people through shared experiences and to contribute to vibrant, livable communities.15 .
Badham, M.,	Cultural Indicators: Tools for Community Engagement?	Smiles per hour is testament that indicators can stimulate positive social action while measuring cultural change, beyond counting numbers of art galleries and attendance at the theatre, to promoting dialogue about how we interact with each other, express our selves and what is important to us. .
Stanczyk M.M.	Music therapy in supportive cancer care	Music in this context can be successfully employed to support social interaction between people involved in musical activity. .
Evans, G.,	Measure for measure: evaluating the evidence of culture’s contribution to regeneration.	Physical regeneration has not been limited to building-based flagships and city-centre public realm schemes, but is increasingly seen through smaller public art projects and concern for design quality in the everyday environment Regeneration is not simply about bricks and mortar. .
Urbanowicz K., Nyka L.	Interactive and Media Architecture - From Social Encounters to City Planning Strategies	There are many attempts to stimulate urban renewal through art, cultural events and temporary interventions. .
Padilla-Llano S.E., Machado-Penso M.V., Reyes-Schade E., Larios-Giraldo P.M., Cabrera-Sánchez I., Martínez-Palacios E., González-Forero D., Tapias-Martínez J.	Barrio El Prado: A living museum for the city of Barranquilla Barrio el prado un museo vivo para la ciudad de Barranquilla.	A commune that seeks to clean up urban public space through mural intervention, as well as the actions carried out through art in public space that, from decorum, seeks to beautify the urban scene. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	the projects varied in nature, art form, practice and social situation: diversity is a characteristic of participatory art. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Geeses values include artistic excellence. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	It attracts artistic radicals, activists and supporters of everyday participation who believe in arts importance and therefore in peoples right to create it on their own terms. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	there are health professionals who are passionate about art and artists committed to social change. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Many among them, especially the skilled workers who saw culture and education as paths to social mobility, were inspired by the prospect of emancipation through art, culture and education. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	the country now has a strong independent participatory art sector with individual artists, community art companies and cultural institutions. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	This concentrated on participation in the arts, as the area most widely claimed to support personal and community development. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Yet these multiple personal changes are the building blocks of wider social impact which the arts are said to produce. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	People described how their social lives had been subtly changed and extended as a result of their participation in arts projects. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	The differences between projects arise from one of the characteristics which distinguishes arts work from other forms of leisure activity or community development it deals in meanings. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	In a society increasingly confused about what matters, the arts offer a positive way of expressing not only personal or group values, but political vision. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	However, perhaps because the experience was often relatively new, many people described how their ideas about the arts, and specifically about their own creative abilities, had been transformed through their participation. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	CONCLUSIONS THE SOCIAL IMPACT OF PARTICIPATION IN THE ARTS The study has included a wide range of arts projects and approaches to participation, each with its distinctive character and values. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Many commentators emphasize the appreciators active involvement in the creation of a work of arts meaning. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	These factors not only help shape the individuals attitudes toward arts participation, but also influence the likelihood that he or she will be exposed to the arts and the form that the exposure might take. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Artist Most often, the term describes those who create within a context of the high culture, activities such as drawing, painting, sculpture, acting, dancing, writing, filmmaking, new media, photography, and music people who use imagination, talent, or skill to create works that may be judged to have an aesthetic value. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	This term is used to highlight the dimensions of involvement in the arts. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	The main reason lied in the specific character of the local cultural element. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Cultural localism leads to cultural regeneration, too. .
Belfiore, E., ; Bennett, O.,	Beyond the “Toolkit Approach”: Arts Impact Evaluation Research and the Realities of Cultural Policy‐Making	If the aim of impact research is to tackle the challenging questions raised by the complexity of peoples aesthetic experiences, then the impacts of the arts and the nature and effects of peoples response to the arts are a worthwhile area of enquiry and one in which research is badly needed to address the gap in knowledge pointed out above. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	Just consider the possible definitions of the phrase, the arts impact communities. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	Every artwork is used to create landmarks, celebrate local characteristics, engage with local communities and make for enjoyable and memorable journeys. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Another significant advance has been to categorize, in terms of usability for arts and culture indicator development, the wide array of actual and potential data sources we have identified. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Quality of life surveys are designed to gauge a range of quality of life issues, including the arts in some cases. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Additionally, our recognition that locally generated data depicting cultural nuances of place, even though they may not be nationally comparable, points to the great value of recognizing local priorities and investments in arts and culture data collection and distribution. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	The Participatory Turn in Cultural Policy: Paradigms, Models, Contexts.	b) recognizing the creative capacity of citizens in high-quality artistic productions; and .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	However naive this may sound, I would still trust the artists and cultural organisations to develop excellent, emancipating and empowering work, which offers a view of the world from a new angle with the author being responsible for its relevance. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	The site-specific approach in the performing arts sector is another example of collaboration between artists and communities, where the former nourish their creations with contributions from the local people and their stories. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	With the same logic, artistic programming is symbolically the space in which cultural and social complexities can find their expression. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.	Measuring the intrinsic impacts of arts attendance	Investigating the holistic impacts of the arts on individuals and communities is a relatively recent policy focus. .
Jancovich, L.,	Great art for everyone? Engagement and participation policy in the arts	His belief that it isnt just about audience development, its about the range of work you are putting out there has, according to the Arts Council officer, transformed the venue from a mediocre provincial rep into an internationally recognised venue, supporting new work, from established and emerging artists. .
Harland, J., ; Kinder , K., ; Hartley, K.,	Arts in their view. A study of youth participation in the arts.	Most importantly, this facilitated some gauging of the importance ofartistic activities relative to other types of pursuits, cultural expression and behaviour. .
Harland, J., ; Kinder , K., ; Hartley, K.,	Arts in their view. A study of youth participation in the arts.	The arts: participation results reveal some interesting differences. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Collaborative artistic practice at community level is a potent forum for communication of ideas and values. .
Ratti, M.,	Outcome indicators for the cultural sector	In general it is important to know what to look for: which kind of symbolic, aesthetic, ..., pleasure an experience is supposed to generate. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Subjective well-being and engagement in arts, culture and sport.	2.1 Arts and culture A number of studies have presented results suggesting positive impacts from engagement in arts and culture. .
Grodach, C.,	Museums as Urban Catalysts: The Role of Urban Design in Flagship Cultural Development	Rather, by recognizing the specificity of each case, the paper seeks to show how the catalytic role of these flagship cultural institutions is shaped by their particular locale and offer lessons that local governments may find useful in pursuing their own cultural strategies. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Arts - this group includes creative industries based purely on art and culture. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	While providing a new perspective in the discourse about creativity, KEA highly emphasized the crucial role of cultural and creative industries in promoting and being a source of creativity. .
Mc L.J., Harrison I.R.	The effects of built environment design on opportunities for wellbeing in care homes	The style of decor along with the provision of points of interest and connections to outside all contributed to the way spatial aesthetics were witnessed affecting resident activity. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	The festival encompasses many art-forms and includes both long-standing professionally facilitated arts programmes, sometimes using international co-ordinators, and one-off events linked to local organisations. .
Mastandrea S., Fagioli S., Biasi V.	Art and psychological well-being: Linking the brain to the aesthetic emotion	In this review, we refer to aesthetic experiences associated with the appreciation of artworks, particularly visual arts. .
Roe B., McCormick S., Lucas T., Gallagher W., Winn A., Elkin S.	Coffee, Cake & Culture: Evaluation of an art for health programme for older people in the community	Other sessions, by comparison, engaged participants artistically and creatively with a range of activities examining artefacts from other cultures, to participating in story making, to making their own individual prints. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	A variety of approaches to inclusivity exists, but community arts engagement is locally adapted. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Of course, like with any arts activity, the ways in which this is realised are always contextually and culturally specific. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	In contrast to these concerning health and social statistics, within the region, arts and culture are very strong. .
Colby S.	Multicultural arts education in the post-secondary context?: Creating installation and performance art in surrey, Canada	The project centered around exploring ideas of diversity, linguistic identity, and arts-based social representation. .
Breed A.	Environmental aesthetics, social engagement and aesthetic experiences in Central Asia	There are several defining features of aesthetic experience - or aesthetic interaction with artfully composed expressive forms, such as songs, images, gestures and objects. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	In the current study, there was greater emphasis on the ways in which visual artmaking forges connections with the wider physical as well as social world, through, for example, sharpened awareness and attention to details of colour and form. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	There were many participants who were drawn to an artists creativity and originality; they described their favorite artists as creative, artful, and even pioneers of a new genre. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	He valued the arts projects contribution to this and believed that continued progress depended on the community believing it was worth taking action. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	From this perspective, costs of participation in the arts, as in life, may be indicators of richness and engagement. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	If policymakers and funders were to give more value to the softer data then arts projects would be more confident to publicize it. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	In competing for financial support from both government and private foundations, the arts community is expected to focus on tangible results that have broad political backing, such as improved educational performance and economic development. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	As a general rule, the higher the level of benefits is, the higher the level of arts involvement must be to generate it. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	A New Approach We argue in this report for a new approach to building support for the arts, an approach based on a broader understanding of the benefits of arts involvement. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	This breadth of public support testifies to the extraordinary value our society places on the artsa positive view so widespread that it practically calls out for policies that can tap into it for strong grassroots support. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	This issue is particularly important in comparing how the arts compare with other ways to trigger these benefits. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	For all these reasons, it is important to bear in mind what motivated an organization to start up a participatory project, and what its implications are for it (social and artistic recognition, acquisition of supplementary funding, etc.). .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Professional artists feel that it is particularly important for them to be able concentrate on a clearly defined theme over a longer period of time and with sufficient financial support to be able to work on it in terms of both depth and breadth. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	From a conceptual perspective it has been stressed as the use of culture in order to renew a citys economic growth can lead to significant forms of social and spatial distortions; and this is true both if the strategy would be targeted to developing its commercial aspect, investing in products with a high symbolic content (entertainment, communication, self-promotion, but also fashion and interior design), and if culture is employed as an instrument to increase the entertainment and experience opportunities, thus getting more competitive on the global scale by acting through the tourism shop window. .
Belfiore, E., ; Bennett, O.,	Rethinking the Social Impacts of the Arts	We can say, therefore, that it is the existence of a government-funded cultural policy and of the status thus bestowed on the arts that is to a large extent responsible for public discussion of their value. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	For example, relatively high levels of investment were made to some projects through the New Audiences Programme which had long-term aspirations but, at that initial stage, could the Arts Council have done more to increase the chances of realising those aims? .
Markusen , A., ; Godwa, A.,	Arts and Culture in Urban or Regional Planning: A Review and Research Agenda	Similar research efforts honing in on cultural policy and investments would enhance our understanding of their effectiveness. .
Markusen , A., ; Godwa, A.,	Arts and Culture in Urban or Regional Planning: A Review and Research Agenda	An expensive strategy, the case for cultural tourism relies on durable export base theory, which claims that only production sold outside the region will generate net revenues and growth. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.	Measuring the intrinsic impacts of arts attendance	The challenge lies in aggregating the individual level impacts in some fashion so as to help frame and inform a policy-level understanding of the public value of the arts. .
Australian Expert Group in Industry Studies , AEGIS,	Social impacts of Participation in the Arts and Cultural Activities	When addressing the question of the social (or any other) impacts of participating in the arts and cultural activity and as a result directing additional resources to an area or areas of policy and program activity, it seems vital to address the issue of the durability of the positive results obtained. .
Hacking, S.; Secker, J.; Spandler, H.; Kent, L.; Shenton, J.	Evaluating the impact of participatory art projects for people with mental health needs.	Conclusions for further research Finally, our results suggest that investment in further large-scale high-quality research is warranted to provide more conclusive evidence regarding the potential benefits of arts participation. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Subjective well-being and engagement in arts, culture and sport.	The public investment awarded to arts, culture and sport may be evidence, in part, of the (at least implicit) perceived value of arts, culture and sport. .
Stern, M., J.	Measuring the Outcomes of Creative Placemaking	If we are creating an environment for artists - arent they an intrinsic value that we should supporting? .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	How an umbrella cultural district of this kind adds value to the social impact of its constituent institutions is of much wider relevance. .
Walmsley, B.,	Deep hanging out in the arts: an anthropological approach to capturing cultural value	Rather than attempting to reify cultural value itself (and reduce it to a series of outputs), a richer and more fruitful endeavour might be to capture the processes of arts and cultural engagement and explore the emotions and other phenomenological insights to which these processes give rise. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	Public funding should work as an incentive to research & innovation in arts and culture, and test new solutions, for example in mixing arts, science and digital innovation. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	For this reason, what emerged from this study - a crucial turning point in cultural policy development - was that in order to benefit and grow from the development of creative and cultural industries, these sectors needed specific and targeted support at European, national, regional and local level. .
Merli, P.,	Evaluating the social impact of participation in arts activities. A critical review of François Matarasso’s “Use or Ornament?”	In a study on the social impact of the arts, the application of cost-benefit analysis might show, for instance, that the value of the benefits produced by participatory arts activities is higher than the value of the benefits produced by other types of intervention with the same costs. .
Evans G.	Participation and provision in arts & culture – bridging the divide	ABSTRACT: Successive policies and efforts to increase participation in a range of arts and cultural activities have tended to focus on the profile and attitude of individuals and target groups in order justify public and therefore achieve more equitable funding. .
Morrison C.	Public Art Replacement on the Mapocho River: Erasure, Renewal, and a Conflict of Cultural Value in Santiago de Chile	Questions of cultural value - of the worth assigned to diverse cultural expressions and who has the power to make such valuations - are a matter of public interest. .
Dean C., Donnellan C., Pratt A.C.	Tate Modern: Pushing the limits of regeneration	Museums and galleries have a part to play in attracting and sustaining investment and income. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	It is useful to bring an evidence-based approach to scientific committees regarding decisions about the development of the archaeological work when used as a cultural heritage project as this can lead to better engagement with policy makers and help with further funding. .
Hidalgo M.	Valuing the economic and social impact of the Carnival of Blacks and Whites of Pasto, Colombia Valoración del impacto económico y social del Carnaval de Negros y Blancos de Pasto, Colombia	In effect, it seems that cultural activities are considered as sources of wealth and employment, eminently due to the attraction of flows of expenses and income linked to cultural tourism, but also due to the transformation and development of the productive fabric that, together, seek new comparative advantages for cities and regions (Devesa et al., 2012, p. 96). .
Hanna G.P., Noelker L.S., Bienvenu B.	The arts, health, and aging in America: 2005-2015	The first was to invest in research, including cost-benefit analyses to establish the impact and economic value of arts programs and interventions. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	one of their most powerful inventions was fine art, which greatly increased arts importance as a value system and with it the status of the artist. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Like art, culture is the creation of meaning, the expression of values. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	some people, through their own abilities or the benefit of social goods such as education, will be much more successful artists than others. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	It is intrinsic to this form of art and its value. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Artists practicing community art, whether professionally or not, want to create something good, but only they, together, can decide what good means. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	It is about whether the state recognises the art they enjoy, and whether they enjoy the art that the state recognises. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Like all artists, they believed fervently in arts value: that was why they wanted everyone to be able to create it. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	some artists came to see the product as little more than the trace of a shared creative experience, which was the real value of their work. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	the knowledge of a professional artist or critic is relevant because they have more experience of where the benchmarks of good performance might be. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	But it seems reasonable to expect that art will be enriched if more people participate in its creation, if only because that will increase the probability of exceptional talent being recognised. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Success in the arts, however, could just as easily enhance an individuals position, especially where they had not previously been seen by their peers as being talented. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Participatory arts projects, with some exceptions, are more effective in building peoples confidence than in translating it into political consciousness, (if that is a projects purpose). .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Spending time in an arts project was very positive when there where few constructive alternatives, but it could also separate someone from their peers. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	The beauty, the intangible and magical aesthetic of art, is its greatest use. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	It is one reason why the arts are so important. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	Arts projects are most effective when they are owned by the local community. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Measuring changes in subjective well‑being from engagement in the arts, culture and sport	2.2 The arts, culture and sport Research focusing specifically on the arts and culture is indicative of a number of positive relationships with well-being. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Intrinsic benefits, in contrast, are inherent in the arts experience itself and are valued for themselves rather than as a means to something else. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	In many regards, participating in the arts as a supporter, or steward, is the most direct route to many of the social benefits described above. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	In contrast, the indirect benefits of the arts are predicated on the attraction the arts hold for well-educated and talented people. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	This is one of the few areas in which empirical studies have successfully demonstrated benefits from specified arts involvement. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	We turn next to the intrinsic benefits that arise from the arts experience and are of value in and of themselves. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	It is in the ultimately satisfying exercise of these different mental capacities operating together to appreciate the rich relational properties of artworks that . . . the primary value of great works is to be found. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	But the most important factor is likely to be the quality of the individuals successive arts experiences. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The artistic concept and quality is also a very important factor. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	It also shows that the involvement of artists, high quality design and high aspirations, have popular appeal, as seen by the increase tourism and by the popularity of the new beach chalets, described as 'stupendous' by visitors. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	However, nonprofit arts organizations represent another very important yet different dimension of the presence of cultural vitality. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Our tier one measure of artist jobs as a proportion of all employment provides an indication of support for an important aspect of cultural vitality as previously discussed in this report. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	Director/facilitator There was a belief among artists that the better the final result, the greater participants sense of achievement. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Assessing the quality of artistic work is probably one of the greatest challenges faced by the cultural sector. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Given that artistic quality is the main focus of the workshop sessions, it is important to go in depth in the problem of defining this intrinsic value, which is completely unique to the arts. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	This is problematic in a sector where organisational missions are generally related to the production of high-quality art, which in turn (rightly or wrongly) tends to privilege artistically-led organisations. .
Currid, E., ; Williams, S.,	Two cities, five industries: Similarities and differences within and between cultural industries in New York and Los Angeles	These developments solidified the citys position as one of the worlds leading centers of artistic production. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.	Measuring the intrinsic impacts of arts attendance	This construct was, therefore, expanded to include an indicator of aesthetic validation: Did the performance remind you of how much you love the featured work on the program ? .
Harland, J., ; Kinder , K., ; Hartley, K.,	Arts in their view. A study of youth participation in the arts.	Most significantly, the professional group also recorded a much higher participation rate in the arts. .
Harland, J., ; Kinder , K., ; Hartley, K.,	Arts in their view. A study of youth participation in the arts.	As expected, those who saw the arts as very important were much more likely to stress its significance through reference to creative expression, enjoyment or a feel-good factor. .
Harland, J., ; Kinder , K., ; Hartley, K.,	Arts in their view. A study of youth participation in the arts.	Very often, the key criterion for judging whether alternative arts were valid art forms was whether or not their execution demanded skill and talent. .
Harland, J., ; Kinder , K., ; Hartley, K.,	Arts in their view. A study of youth participation in the arts.	.J want to improve, acquire new skills Where young people referred to their interests in self-improvement in arts skills as a motive for involvement, commitment to the arts tended to be very high. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Subjective well-being and engagement in arts, culture and sport.	Engaging in arts activities is associated with greater satisfaction (although only statistically significant for life and leisure). .
Stern, M., J.	Measuring the Outcomes of Creative Placemaking	We are talking about the value of the artist for this community. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	So too is the prize of a cultural district achieving the cultural objectives and the social objectives about which it feels passionate. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Understanding the social impact of cultural districts is fundamental both to their value and to how they think about themselves. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	Few distinctions were offered in reference to participatory arts practice, although the authors noted that creating an original work of art can activate a sense of pride and satisfy a deep desire to leave a legacy. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	While any number of secondary benefits may accrue to the institution, participatory arts programs are intrinsically worthwhile, and essential to a healthy arts ecosystem. .
Moody, E., ; Phinney, A.,	A community-engaged art program for older people: fostering social inclusion.	The seniors drew on their experience and knowledge to create meaningful works of art that they could take outside the confines of the group, which allowed them to feel that they had something important to contribute to the broader community that was worthy of recognition. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	Tangible artistic products (appraised personally as well as shown to others within the group, displayed more formally in the art gallery or given as gifts) helped demonstrate participants capability to self and others. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	This is particularly apparent in longer-term programmes that are facilitated by professional artists, but is also discernible in short-term one-off programmes. .
Mastandrea S., Fagioli S., Biasi V.	Art and psychological well-being: Linking the brain to the aesthetic emotion	Here, we review evidence showing that arts promote well-being across several domains, and discuss the neural underpinnings of aesthetic experience, emotional processing, pleasure, and reward. .
Wilson L., Bryant W., Reynolds F., Lawson J.	Therapeutic outcomes in a museum? “You dont get them by aiming for them”. How a focus on arts participation promotes inclusion and well-being	These validate some of the findings from previous research highlighting the benefits of arts participation. .
Wilson L., Bryant W., Reynolds F., Lawson J.	Therapeutic outcomes in a museum? “You dont get them by aiming for them”. How a focus on arts participation promotes inclusion and well-being	Enjoyment and appreciation The highest number of comments expressed enjoyment which was about the aesthetics of the artwork as well as appreciating the aims of the exhibition: I love this project - the variety, quality and freedom of it. .
Deane K., Fitch M., Carman M.	An innovative art therapy program for cancer patients.	I think (facilitator) has a wonderful knack of kind of making you realize that, you know, there's something good happening here. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	It is also replicable the idea that art can be the driver for building a creative milieu, which is the requirement for local development. .
Curtis A., Gibson L., O’Brien M., Roe B.	Systematic review of the impact of arts for health activities on health, wellbeing and quality of life of older people living in care homes	However, there was evidence that taking part in such arts activities improved outcomes for those in care homes more so than when no activities were offered. .
Maritz G.U., Coetzee M.-H.	Creative synergy: Using community theatre and appreciative inquiry for young peoples critical participation in HIV prevention and education	In the discovery phase participants discover what gives life to the community when it is functioning at its best, placing value on the positive and to affirming that as instrumental to change. .
Nielsen S.L., Fich L.B., Roesslerb K.K., Mullins M.F.	How do patients actually experience and use art in hospitals? The significance of interaction: A user-oriented experimental case study	This enquiry does indicate that certain types of artworks facilitate a more positive aesthetic reaction than others among the patients interviewed. .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Toma M., Kroll T., Joice S., Mead G., Donnan P., Williams B.	Feasibility study of the effects of art as a creative engagement intervention during stroke rehabilitation on improvement of psychosocial outcomes: Study protocol for a single blind randomized controlled trial: The ACES study	Professional artists lead the programs 25,26 and the focus of the activities is on the positive influence of engagement and participation in the art form. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	Enjoying the sensuality of art-making An important source of well-being described by nearly every participant concerned the sensuality of art-making. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	I love taking photographs of things I think are beautiful. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Organisations have a responsibility to the communities that they engage with to maintain a connection and keep them involved in an ongoing journey of artistic output. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Collaborating across Europe The project enables and supports artistic residencies from Europe to the UK and vice versa, which is critical for the development of artists, their work and cultural understanding. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	They have also provided us with more opportunities to partner with others and form a diverse network of collaborators, giving special attention to cross-sector cooperation, in order to connect artistic projects with public and private organisations working in commercial, human rights, scientific and social sciences sectors and fields. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Cross-disciplinarity and active participation are the main characteristics on which this project is based, thanks to the interaction among young cultural operators, artists and active citizenship of the neighbourhood. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	These include studies of support for artists, arts and cultural activity in immigrant communities, partnerships among arts organizations and other entities, and the development of arts-focused spaces.4 Our definition of cultural vitality is deliberately inclusive and has been well received as a useful and logical repositioning of perspective on arts and culture by urban planners as well as practitioners and researchers in arts-related fields. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	These international collaborations caused the emergence of transnational festivals, such as Transeuropa, that explore European cultural and artistic alternatives. .
García, B.,	Urban Regeneration, Arts Programming and Major Events: Glasgow 1990, Sydney 2000 and Barcelona 2004	The programme acted as a catalyst for bringing a selection of Aboriginal artists and arts groups to the mainstream Australian scene, demonstrated the attractiveness of contemporary indigenous work and contributed to the establishment of new artistic collaborations. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Engagement with other cultures to facilitate understanding is a key part of their programming, joining with community partners for festivals on African, Asian, Caribbean, First Nation and other cultures. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	The intensity of cross-sectoral collaborations that a cultural district can provide are central to this vision for innovation. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	Sometimes creative expression is a product of cooperation as communities seek to develop multicultural institutions that bridge community differences. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	They are people able to work across disciplines with an open mind, people that bring their knowledge of a sector (often culture) into another area. .
Ploner J., Jones L.	Learning to belong? ‘Culture’ and ‘place making’ among children and young people in Hull, UK City of Culture 2017	According to the DCMS (2009, n.p.), the main aims of the City of Culture programme are to encourage the use of culture and creativity as a catalyst for change, to promote the development of new partnerships, encourage ambition, innovation and inspiration in cultural and creative activity, and to align the cultural excellence of national arts organisations to support the year with cultural highlights that will attract media attention, encourage national tourism and change perceptions. .
Tymoszuk U., Perkins R., Fancourt D., Williamon A.	Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between receptive arts engagement and loneliness among older adults	As arts engagement is often a shared experience, future research is needed to understand the interplay between the social and creative processes occurring in encounters with the arts. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	In response to this culturally diverse context, some of BRAs projects like Living Cultures are specifically run for, and with, Aboriginal community members, while others, such as the Desert Harmony Festival, are aimed at bringing Aboriginal and non-Indigenous community members together to present, engage, access and participate in the arts together. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Finally, participants indicated that the exchange of cultural knowledge between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal persons is a worthwhile process that favourably impacted cross-cultural connections. .
Langdridge D., Gabb J., Lawson J.	Art as a pathway to impact: Understanding the affective experience of public engagement with film	The film series We called the impact project The Art of Relationships, with it being designed to explore the potential of art as a means of engaging a variety of publics on this topic. .
Węziak-Białowolska D.	Attendance of cultural events and involvement with the arts—impact evaluation on health and well-being from a Swiss household panel survey	Irrespective of type of involvement and nature, these findings do not either discount the possibility that frequent and various engagements with the arts in general may be of benefit to social participation and social inclusion. .
Evans, G.,	Measure for measure: evaluating the evidence of culture’s contribution to regeneration.	Given the scale of investment and expectations they demand, developing measurements of design quality requires greater consideration, not just of the designated public art schemes. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	In order to restore these conditions, urban regeneration practices involving culture component, which aim to improve quality of life including economic, social and physical needs are required to be assessed and measured. .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	For instance, tourism creates more opportunities to upgrade facilities and infrastructure such as outdoor recreation facilities, parks, and roads (Liu & Var, 1986). .
Kochergina E.	Urban Planning Aspects of Museum Quarters as an Architectural Medium for Creative Cities	Under the strategic and smart operation such entities may provide exact benefits for planning structure, social, cultural and economic well-being of contemporary cities..
Comunian R., Mould O.	The weakest link: Creative industries, flagship cultural projects and regeneration	In many cases, the initial boost they can give to the outward image of a city is perhaps of more importance to the shortterm benefits required of them, than the middle to long-term processes of causing local creative industry production to increase. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	that must change if participatory art is to fulfil its potential in society alongside conventional artistic production. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Therefore, the ECoC initiative presently proposes to highlight the richness and diversity of cultures in Europe; celebrate the cultural features Europeans share; increase European citizens' sense of belonging to a common cultural area; foster the contribution of culture to the development of cities, and is perceived as an opportunity for regenerating cities, raising the international profile of cities; enhancing the image of cities in the eyes of their own inhabitants; breathing new life into a city's culture and boosting tourism (European Commission 2016). .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	The key aim of the initiative was to develop conditions and opportunities for artistic creation in the city, through the development of facilities and reinforcement of local capacity (ECORYS 2013). .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	These factors are the programmes ability to enrich the physical environment, to engage the population and to produce quality activities. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Measuring changes in subjective well‑being from engagement in the arts, culture and sport	The differentiated impacts present in the results for specific well-being domains further suggest that engagement in a range of activities, and those involving more active participation, may be beneficial for individuals if they are to maximize the potential well-being benefits which can be derived from their leisure time. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Instead, empirical studies of community-level social benefits tend to focus either on how the arts can build a sense of community or on how arts-related activities can help build a capacity for collective action. .
Australian Expert Group in Industry Studies , AEGIS,	Social impacts of Participation in the Arts and Cultural Activities	In contrast, there seems to be much evidence that such participation, whether it be receptive or creative, increases the quality of life and the richness of experiences available. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Therefore, setting the basis for a virtuous institutional environment becomes another fundamental factor to retain creative people, and creativity, in a city. .
Urbanowicz K., Nyka L.	Interactive and Media Architecture - From Social Encounters to City Planning Strategies	What is more, the responsive landscapes and interactive installations by engaging the audience into social and artistic activities may build up new memories of urban spaces, which assume a value that is both immeasurable and vital 21 . .
Delrieu V., Gibson L.	Libraries and the geography of use: how does geography and asset “attractiveness” influence the local dimensions of cultural participation?	We believe that this research, revealing as it does the relationship between patterns of participation and location, has significant applications for thinking about cultural amenity planning as well as urban policy more generally..
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	We were hence moving into a territory where arts practice could be both immediately therapeutic for the individuals involved and a broader lever for social inclusion and social justice. .
Pavluković V., Stankov U., Arsenović D.	Social impacts of music festivals: A comparative study of sziget (Hungary) and exit (Serbia) Družbeni vplivi glasbenih festivalov: Primerjalna študija festivalov sziget na Madžarskem in exit v Srbiji	The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of residents attitudes toward the impacts of festivals and can be utilized by local authorities to increase the positive and reduce the negative impacts of the festival. .
Badía M.	Visual arts in people with dementia: A systematic review Las artes visuales en personas con demencia: Revisión Sistemática	In change , programs carried out in museums appear to be able to foster social inclusion, they are socially attractive , offer opportunities to get involved in art activities standardized and have the potential to improve the perception of quality of life ( Camic et al., 2014; Sauer et al., 2014; Ullan et al., 2013). .
Carnegie A., Norris M.	Strengthening communities, building capacity, combating stigma: exploring the potential of culture-led social housing regeneration	There is evidence that arts and cultural initiatives can be implemented in a way which is inclusive of low-income households but this is a challenging task. .
Koebner I.J., Fishman S.M., Paterniti D., Sommer D., Witt C.M., Ward D., Joseph J.G.	The art of analgesia: A pilot study of art museum tours to decrease pain and social disconnection among individuals with chronic pain	Furthermore, many museums offer free or reduced fees for children, students, older adults, and special populations, a practice that lowers barriers to access and encourages regular attendance, two additional characteristics favorable to public health interventions 17 . .
Camic P.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museums and art galleries as partners for public health interventions	In addition, when attending the majority of UK national and US federal museums no cost is incurred for regular admission, while in many other European countries entrance fees are reduced or free for children, students, older adults and those unemployed, making access less dependent on financial ability while also encouraging frequent attendance across all age groups; two ideal variables for public health programming. .
Plaza B., Haarich S.N.	The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao: Between Regional Embeddedness and Global Networking	In addition, the global operating structure and the worldwide distribution of exhibitions facilitates access to private sponsors and enhances the museums attractiveness to the general public and potential visitors from non-artistic circles. .
Žilič Fišer S., Kožuh I.	The Impact of Cultural Events on Community Reputation and Pride in Maribor, The European Capital of Culture 2012	The majority of the programme was instead addressed to a broader public, and many of the events were entrance fee free. .
Catenaccio P., Khonsari T.	The construction of a civic neighbourhood as/through cultural production a discourse analytical approach to participatory art and temporary architecture	This essay aims to contribute to the debate by examining the way in which local personal and community identities are fostered through the orchestration of discursively mediated initiatives that cut across different domains in the service of forms of empowerment which occupy the interstitial space between institutional constraints and forms of self-discovery and group/ place identification, with a special focus on the role of art as a catalyst for change. .
Beauchet O., Cooper-Brown L., Hayashi Y., Galery K., Vilcocq C., Bastien T.	Effects of thursdays at the Museum at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts on the mental and physical health of older community dwellers: The art-health randomized clinical trial protocol	Museums have designed their spaces to create participatory art-based activity programs that can be carried out in a pleasant environment 8, 17-20 . .
Booth K.	Thinking through lines: locating perception and experience in place	Undertaking a line analysis of a place-based social phenomenon provides signposts for a line methodology and can contribute to the advancement of research in which place matters. .
Ander, E.; Thomson, L.; Lanceley, A.; Menon, U.; Noble, G.	Heritage, Health and Wellbeing: Assessing the impact of a heritage focused intervention on health and wellbeing.	Wellbeing outcomes Engagement in the objects provided stimulation and distraction, both highly important for wellbeing in the hospital context. .
Campion, M.; Levita, L.	Enhancing positive affect and divergent thinking abilities: Play some music and dance.	Nevertheless, the measures did identify significant changes in mood and creativity, and hence these findings could offer encouragement for people who are unaccustomed to or have little time for exercise. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	It brings benefits in other areas such as environmental renewal and health promotion, and injects an element of creativity into organisational planning. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Measuring changes in subjective well‑being from engagement in the arts, culture and sport	Research has found that more frequent participation in certain activities, e.g. arts activities and sport, may generate more positive effects on well-being (Kavetsos 2011) or in some cases be necessary to generate well-being benefits. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Measuring changes in subjective well‑being from engagement in the arts, culture and sport	Acknowledging these limitations, this paper has contributed to our understanding by providing evidence of the positive and differentiated impacts on subjective well-being of greater engagement in a range of arts, cultural and sporting leisure activities..
Li, Y., ; Winters, J., V.	Urbanisation, natural amenities and subjective well-being: Evidence from US counties.	Researchers and policymakers are interested in how various factors affect individual wellbeing, in part because of interest in improving the well-being of others. .
Daykin, N.; Byrne, E.; Soteriou, T.; O’Connor, S.	The impact of art, design and enviroment in mental healthcare: a systematic review of the literature	The study found that patients in programmes with more physical amenities had better outcomes and were more involved in self-initiated and community activities. .
Jensen, A.; Bonde, L.O.	The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings	Conclusion: Based on the growing evidence of the arts as a tool for enhancing mental health wellbeing, and in line with the global challenges in health, we suggest that participatory arts activities and clinical arts interventions are made more widely available in health and social settings. .
Conceição, L. S. R.; Neto, M. G.; Amaral, M. A. S.; Martins-Filho, P. R. S.; Carvalho, V. O.	Effect of dance therapy on blood pressure and exercise capacity of individuals with hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis	Dance therapy is a less conventional modality of physical activity in cardiovascular rehabilitation, which is positively linked to cognitive, emotional and social integration of the participants. .
Punzi L., Chia M., Cipolletta S., Dolcetti C., Galozzi P., Giovinazzi O., Tonolo S., Zava R., Pazzaglia F.	The role of architectural design for rheumatic patients’ wellbeing: The point of view of environmental psychology	For these reasons, it is important that the physical and social environment can satisfy the needs of many people, including those with sensory, physical and cognitive disabilities, in the perspective that an inclusive environment would be a better environment not only for people with disabilities but for everyone. .
Mc L.J., Harrison I.R.	The effects of built environment design on opportunities for wellbeing in care homes	Time spent engaged with these items not only facilitated activities with opportunities for taking notice it also encouraged physical and social activity. .
Fancourt D., Baxter L., Lorencatto F.	Barriers and enablers to engagement in participatory arts activities amongst individuals with depression and anxiety: Quantitative analyses using a behaviour change framework	Results: Individuals with depression and anxiety felt they would be more likely to engage in arts activities if they had greater psychological and physical capabilities, more social opportunities, and stronger automatic and reflective motivations to engage. .
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	By giving individuals a reason to be active, adult education classes can have repercussions beyond the classroom that transform participants lifestyles and support better mental and physical health outcomes. .
Kim D.	The effects of a combined physical activity, recreation, and art and craft program on ADL, cognition, and depression in the elderly	Recreational activity improves self-esteem and intimacy through enjoyable interactions with other people. .
Thomson L.J., Morse N., Elsden E., Chatterjee H.J.	Art, nature and mental health: assessing the biopsychosocial effects of a ‘creative green prescription’ museum programme involving horticulture, artmaking and collections	Furthermore, the authors proposed that creative arts contribute to the health of the wider community, not just the individual. .
Węziak-Białowolska D.	Attendance of cultural events and involvement with the arts—impact evaluation on health and well-being from a Swiss household panel survey	The intension was to establish to what extent more frequent engagement with the arts of either type exerted causal influence on well-being and health outcomes. .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Joice S., Kroll T., Mead G., Donnan P., Toma M., Williams B.	Art participation for psychosocial wellbeing during stroke rehabilitation: a feasibility randomised controlled trial	The benefits of participating in meaningful leisure activities to address wellbeing after stroke, are becoming recognised 8 . .
Secker J., Heydinrych K., Kent L., Keay J.	Why art? Exploring the contribution to mental well-being of the creative aspects and processes of visual art-making in an arts and mental health course	These include social interaction with like-minded peers, relaxation and time out from worries and problems, increased motivation and a concomitant broadening of horizons. .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Toma M., Kroll T., Joice S., Mead G., Donnan P., Williams B.	Feasibility study of the effects of art as a creative engagement intervention during stroke rehabilitation on improvement of psychosocial outcomes: Study protocol for a single blind randomized controlled trial: The ACES study	The scale examines communication, participation in life roles, physical status and mood, which were key outcomes indicated by the qualitative work as important benefits of art participation. .
Lankston L., Cusack P., Fremantle C., Isles C.	Visual art in hospitals: Case studies and review of the evidence	Positive distraction is a term used to describe the belief that environmental features can elicit positive feelings, hold attention and interest and, therefore, reduce stressful thoughts. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	Close attention to the environment, including observation of colours, textures and shapes, and taking inspirations for new designs, also helped participants who were living with adversities to distract their attention outwards, away from pain, symptoms of ill-health, or grief. .
Bergqvist P., Punzi E.	“Living poets society”–a qualitative study of how Swedish psychologists incorporate reading and writing in clinical work	Interventions include shared reading, creative writing, writing timelines, diaries, and conversations about various forms of creative expressions and popular culture. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	The impacts of heritage on community can be expressed as changes in conditions or internal relations, encouraging dialogue between persons not belonging to the same social circle, stimulating acceptance diversity, openness, helping the understanding of different ideas. .
Mihailidis P., Gamwell A.	Designing Engagement in Local News: Using FOIA Requests to Create Inclusive Participatory Journalism Practices	Findings show that design-driven engagement journalism practices can make public records culture more inclusive, engaging, and accessible, and support more collaborative and creative engagement between journalists and audiences. .
Bernard M., Rickett M., Pruchno R.	The cultural value of older peoples experiences of theater-making: A review	A number of documents consider drama projects that intentionally brought people together from different racial and cultural backgrounds, providing a space for intercultural dialogue. .
Athens L.	Design for social sustainability at Seattles central library	The work also expresses the diverse audiences served by libraries, as well as how we must sometimes reorient our biased perspectives of diverse groups. .
Kabel A., Teti M., Zhang N.	The art of resilience: photo-stories of inspiration and strength among people with HIV/AIDS	A number of documents consider drama projects that intentionally brought people together from different racial and cultural backgrounds, providing a space for intercultural dialogue. .
Vakkari, P., ; Serola, S.,	Perceived outcomes of public libraries	Therefore, developing lending services, including book collections, especially collections with lending fiction, would be of importance for enhancing the benefits the library's public derives from its services. .
Hopkins P., Hare J., Donaghey J., Abbott W.	Geo, audio, video, photo: How digital convergence in mobile devices facilitates participatory culture in libraries	For libraries to retain the mantle of the learning and cultural hub of their communities, it is important that they seek to achieve meaningful participation as they explore the opportunities afforded in a converged media environment..
Środa-Murawska S.	Railway feat. culture – Rumia library effect as an example of the influence of culture-led regeneration in a medium-sized city in Poland	We can talk about perceiving the role of a library as a placemaker when it contributes, among others, to urban diversity in mixed-use districts or creates the public domain and new stages for experience. .
Whiteman, E.D.; Dupuis, R.; Morgan, A.U.; D’Alonzo, B.; Epstein, C.; Klusaritz, H.; Cannuscio, C.C.	Public Libraries As Partners for Health	As centers for community engagement and education, public libraries provide ideal spaces for the transfer of health information, making them logical choices as partners for improving population health. .
Pulimeno M., Piscitelli P., Colazzo S.	Children’s literature to promote students’ global development and wellbeing	In this perspective, the use of childrens literature to convey health contents and promote wellbeing in school children might represent an interesting instrument to foster collective health..
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Used strategically, the collective knowledge contained in a community archives may serve as a support for a communitys participation in the knowledge-based economy. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	If a community archives were created to act as a repository for local knowledge the archives could potentially foster Brandons nascent knowledge-based economy. .
Mihailidis P., Gamwell A.	Designing Engagement in Local News: Using FOIA Requests to Create Inclusive Participatory Journalism Practices	BINJ works with independent journalists to publish features through multiple outlets, bringing resources to local journalism operations that dont have them, and generating impactful content around important but neglected topics. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	For example, people who are more convivial may be more likely to participate in cultural and leisure activities and to demonstrate intensive forms of community involvement. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	In order to get audiences to see this new work they developed a programme of lead-in events that would engage with new audiences in different ways so that they could talk about the festival, deliver marketing and build relationships with the community in a more diverse way before the festival week itself. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	It was also an opportunity to have meaningful consultations with the local community, who eventually acted as advocates and ambassadors by promoting the programme of the festival in first person. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	A spreadable conception should focus on creating media texts that various audiences may want to share for different purposes, thus inviting people to shape the right context for these materials. .
Stern, M., J.	Measuring the Outcomes of Creative Placemaking	What is more, this will allow the cultural sector to link its interest in social outcomes to discussions and debates about these issues in other fields, including public health, housing and community development, and education. .
Bianchini, F., ; Tommarchi, E., ; Hansen, L., E.	Problematising the question of participation in Capitals of Culture	Recent ECoCs have aimed at widening cultural engagement and enhancing participation, in order to encourage social cohesion. .
Sheppard A., Broughton M.C.	Promoting wellbeing and health through active participation in music and dance: a systematic review	Effective collaboration and communication between those working across arts and health disciplines and healthcare is paramount in continuing to move forward and make meaningful changes to the cultural health of individuals and populations. .
Roe B., McCormick S., Lucas T., Gallagher W., Winn A., Elkin S.	Coffee, Cake & Culture: Evaluation of an art for health programme for older people in the community	The facilitators needed to engage participants with collections and activities, share knowledge, present information, facilitate discussion, social interaction and engagement, answer questions as well as lead and support the planned creative activities. .
Mihailidis P., Gamwell A.	Designing Engagement in Local News: Using FOIA Requests to Create Inclusive Participatory Journalism Practices	Sentiments like these reflect a need for journalists and communities to work constructively together to offer space for interaction. .
Bridger A.J., Emmanouil S., Lawthom R.	Trace.space: a psychogeographical community project with members of an arts and health organisation	We hope that this paper encourages and opens up debate surrounding community group work and questions relating to personal and social changes. .
Criss S., Kleinmann M.	Dotte agency: A participatory design model for community health	It is a sustainable practice that fosters conversations and supports events originating from within the community. .
Hopkins P., Hare J., Donaghey J., Abbott W.	Geo, audio, video, photo: How digital convergence in mobile devices facilitates participatory culture in libraries	Participatory culture in libraries The participatory culture movement is described as the push to enable democracy and promote diversity through grassroots participation in cultural and political decision-making (Jenkins 2013). .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Social interaction is another driver encouraged by Sesc Sao Paulo activities for building civic consciousness and community commitment. .
Badham, M.,	Cultural Indicators: Tools for Community Engagement?	Community groups may take action to promote awareness around relevant issues by lobbying government, mobilizing grassroots actions or influencing voting trends at the next election. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	Culture for Cities and Regions helped to identify local trends and initiatives addressing this, especially through participatory solutions and strong community involvement in policymaking. .
Makhzoumi J., Al-Sabbagh S.	Landscape and urban governance: Participatory planning of the public realm in Saida, Lebanon	Participatory methods, whether applied to governance, development, or democracy, aim to provide opportunities for the participation of individuals and institutions in processes that generate ideas and action for inclusive development and social change. .
Makhzoumi J., Al-Sabbagh S.	Landscape and urban governance: Participatory planning of the public realm in Saida, Lebanon	Together, these strategies provide ways to engage communities and marginalized factions of society and empower them to influence local and central decision-making. .
Mihailidis P., Gamwell A.	Designing Engagement in Local News: Using FOIA Requests to Create Inclusive Participatory Journalism Practices	The results of this study show that design-oriented processes can make public records culture more inclusive, engaging, and accessible for journalists, journalism students, and community members. .
Peters C., Witschge T.	From grand narratives of democracy to small expectations of participation: Audiences, citizenship, and interactive tools in digital journalism	Through its reach, journalism potentially allows the shaping of communities of interest, permitting participation both for more passive, disengaged citizens (by way of providing information) as well as active, engaged citizens (by way of providing tools for direct participation). .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	They are enhancing awareness, knowledge, and discourse around the key issues identified above, and were able to confirm a shift in attitudes, an increased capacity, in skills, resources and status to engage in civic concerns, promote effective participation and action as well as improve systems and policies that ensure social justice and create a sustainable environment. .
Abdulla S.	The art of inclusion: Contradictions affecting theatre for development interventions in Malawi	This in turn facilitates the community to identify with the issues raised by the performance and ultimately their active participation not only in meaningful dialogue but also change. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	The European added value of the programme Creative Europe is to be found in promoting, strengthening and protecting European cultural diversity and cultural heritage and creativity. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	Drawing from these perspectives, we examine whether engaging in communicative interaction around cultural capital (i.e., interpersonal discussion about cultural information and experiences) with others, beyond cultural capital itself, may contribute to ones subject wellbeing and social support. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	For example, public libraries and other cultural institutions can play a role in bringing people together and providing cultural services (Goulding, 2008). .
Aabe N.O., Fox F., Rai D., Redwood S.	Inside, outside and in-between: The process and impact of co-producing knowledge about autism in a UK Somali community	This can be achieved through continual reflection, appreciation of and sharing knowledge and expertise, and commitment to flexibility within roles Willingness to engage in creative forms of knowledge sharing in order to reach diverse audiences, such as community theatre and film Willingness to harness opportunities to collaborate with organizations who have capacity to take the research findings and key messages and implement them into social change..
Martins J.C.	Tangible cultural heritage re-appropriation towards a new urban centrality. A critical crossroad in semi-peripheral eastern riverside lisbon	In this case, public ground-field intervention established a culture led regeneration process, with the creation of a municipal library, a crucial point in the cultural use of this space, community participation and gathering. .
Lenstra N.	Movement-based programs in U.S. and Canadian public libraries: Evidence of impacts from an exploratory survey	The evidence on the impacts of movement-based programs adds to our understanding of how public libraries impact health and wellness. .
Vakkari, P., ; Serola, S.,	Perceived outcomes of public libraries	Recreation, esthetic experience, and self-development were the most typical outcomes of public libraries. .
Środa-Murawska S.	Railway feat. culture – Rumia library effect as an example of the influence of culture-led regeneration in a medium-sized city in Poland	And in the context of strengthening human capital, RLE also means an increase in the number of readers and interest in the activities of the library: Interestingly, this spectacular success has also contributed to increasing readership in the other branches of the library, just as if people woke up to notice that something is important in these libraries. .
Peterson M.	Living with difference in hyper-diverse areas: how important are encounters in semi-public spaces? Vécu de la différence dans les quartiers hyper-divers : importance des rencontres dans les espaces semi-publics El vivir con lo diferente en zonas excesivamente diversas: ¿cuán importantes son los encuentros en espacios semi-públicos?	Policymakers should consider the impacts of library closure has on social interaction, and acknowledge the social value of libraries in addition to their information-providing facilities. .
Clarke P.J., Ailshire J.A., House J.S., Morenoff J.D., King K., Melendez R., Langa K.M.	Cognitive function in the community setting: The neighbourhood as a source of cognitive reserve?	Objective To test the hypothesis that neighbourhood socioeconomic structure is related to cognitive function partly through the availability of neighbourhood physical and social resources (eg, recreational facilities, community centres and libraries), which promote cognitively beneficial activities such as exercise and social integration. .
Cole N., Stenström C.	The Value of California’s Public Libraries	Practitioners can use the evidence-based framework and the unique value proposition to better understand the aspects of their library services that offer most value to their communities, and to make more persuasive cases for library support. .
Cole N., Stenström C.	The Value of California’s Public Libraries	We hope that our work will prove helpful to all those working toward a more informed, more equitable, and more sustainable future for public libraries in California..
Higgs G., Jones S., Langford M., Heley J.	Assessing the impacts of changing public service provision on geographical accessibility: An examination of public library provision in Pembrokeshire, South Wales	Such techniques show real potential in providing a more realistic assessment of the impacts of such factors on changing access to library facilities. .
Higgs G., Jones S., Langford M., Heley J.	Assessing the impacts of changing public service provision on geographical accessibility: An examination of public library provision in Pembrokeshire, South Wales	Internationally, the use of library facilities has also been seen to contribute to levels of social capital by adding to the social impacts of existing community-based networks (Griffis and Johnson, 2014), by reducing social isolation and fostering inclusion (Johnson, 2010; Stilwell, 2016), by promoting collaboration between other types of service providers (Svendsen, 2013) or through interacting with trends in structural or social patterns of neighbourhoods (Gong et al., 2008). .
Cole N., Stenström C.	The Value of California’s Public Libraries	In addition to universally having a mandate to serve all who choose to access their resources equitably, public libraries have increasingly made their resources and services more accessible for those who are experiencing homelessness, persons who face financial hardship, those newly arrived in the country and those who might face linguistic barriers, children in disadvantaged socio-economic situations, persons experiencing mental or physical illness or disability, and veterans. .
Athens L.	Design for social sustainability at Seattles central library	Public facilities, and in particular libraries, tend to automatically serve very diverse populations by virtue of their free access for all. .
Hopkins P., Hare J., Donaghey J., Abbott W.	Geo, audio, video, photo: How digital convergence in mobile devices facilitates participatory culture in libraries	Perhaps the most valuable feature of Historypin for libraries is its ease of use, making digital photographic collections in the library more easily discovered. .
Horgan D., Dimitrijević B.	Frameworks for citizens participation in planning: From conversational to smart tools	In Scotland, communities who are seeking to embark on a journey of regeneration or physical improvement are encouraged to use the Place Standard, often with the support of Planning Aid Scotland through workshops and charrettes (Planning Aid Scotland, 2019). .
Środa-Murawska S.	Railway feat. culture – Rumia library effect as an example of the influence of culture-led regeneration in a medium-sized city in Poland	A library is a placemaker when it is considered as: active part of urban planning; contributing to urban diversity in mixed-use districts; creating public domain and new stages for experience (Skot-Hansen et al., 2013: 12). .
Whiteman, E.D.; Dupuis, R.; Morgan, A.U.; D’Alonzo, B.; Epstein, C.; Klusaritz, H.; Cannuscio, C.C.	Public Libraries As Partners for Health	This study illustrates the importance of librarians as public health allies and the need to improve professional training of library staff members to address these concerns adequately. .
Carty S., Thompson L., Berger S., Jahnke K., Llewellyn R.	Books on Prescription - Community-based health initiative to increase access to mental health treatment: An evaluation	More than half felt BoP benefited the library service directly through increased community awareness of the service, and making it easier for staff to discuss mental health issues and services. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	The study suggests that innovative usage of archival material can facilitate community engagement in the knowledge-based economy and support a broad range of community economic development initiatives. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Utilizing the community economic development practice of coordinating and mobilizing local resources in order to achieve common goals may help to overcome several of the challenges facing community archives. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Community archives have the capacity to act as centres of local knowledge, providing a resource that the citizens of Brandon can use to participate in the knowledge-based economy and support many other aspects of community well being. .
Cole N., Stenström C.	The Value of California’s Public Libraries	The public library contributes to community economic development by impacting community members personal economic development, and by generating a solid financial return on the investment of taxpayer dollars (Griffiths, King, and Aerni 2006; Kaufman 2008; McClure and Bertot 1998). .
Huysmans, F., ; Oomes, M.,	Measuring the public library's societal value: A methodological research program.	In these domains, the library is assumed and/or proven to be influential, through its function as a warm, welcoming and neutral meeting place, as a supplier (disseminator) of information, as a multimedia learning environment, organizer of or host for cultural activities and debates, etc. .
Delanaey, L., ; Keaney, E.,	Cultural Participation, Social Capital and Civil Renewal in the United Kingdom: Statistical Evidence from National and International Survey Data.	It is also certainly the case that participation in general, and membership of cultural organisations in particular, appear to offer an environment where members are more civil minded. .
Hopkins P., Hare J., Donaghey J., Abbott W.	Geo, audio, video, photo: How digital convergence in mobile devices facilitates participatory culture in libraries	This transformation, described by Stephens as the Hyperlinked Library, is a good fit with the characteristics of participatory culture: The Hyperlinked Library . . . is an open, participatory institution that welcomes user input and creativity. .
Erel U., Reynolds T., Kaptani E.	Participatory theatre for transformative social research	Conclusion Participatory theatre as a research method can be mobilized for social transformation on several levels; first, participants can build a community in which to share their experiences. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	CONTRIBUTING TO COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND FOSTERING CIVIC PARTICIPATION We have seen that culture equips people with the social repertoire necessary to understand and interpret other people's actions and motivations, and gives people the confidence necessary to act socially. .
Delanaey, L., ; Keaney, E.,	Cultural Participation, Social Capital and Civil Renewal in the United Kingdom: Statistical Evidence from National and International Survey Data.	It involves local people in identifying and solving the problems that affect their communities, and has three essential ingredients: Active citizens who contribute to the common good Strengthened communities in which people work together to find solutions to problems Partnership in meeting public needs, with government and agencies giving appropriate support and encouraging people to take part in democracy and influence decisions about their communities The typical civil renewal initiative involves at its heart the people who are most affected by an issue in their community. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	The community archives initiative reflects a desire by archives and communities to become more engaged with archival services. .
Hopkins P., Hare J., Donaghey J., Abbott W.	Geo, audio, video, photo: How digital convergence in mobile devices facilitates participatory culture in libraries	The potential for meaningful community engagement and participation. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	In the case of Sibiu, one should as well consider the rich cultural heritage of the area, nurturing not only local solutions for local problems, but also a creative localism for local and national matters. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	The expectation was that a local cultural strategy should include the arts, libraries, museums, heritage, tourism, parks and sport. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Archival programming in schools can represent an investment in local education and history. .
Stockinger P.	Audiovisual Archives: Digital Text and Discourse Analysis	Today, audiovisual archives and libraries have become very popular especially in the field of collecting, preserving and transmitting cultural heritage. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Archival planners sought to strike a balance between providing efficient records management for institutional records, and providing long-term care for records of major cultural value to the community. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Archival records, described and preserved by archivists, are often a source of professional and personal pride. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	A community archives can retain that knowledge. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	By providing a location where they may remember and learn about the past a community archives can create a strong relationship with older citizens. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	The desire to retain local archival records in the community that generated them is understandable. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Traditionally, archivists had placed a great deal of stock in accumulating all of the records of a particular creator into comprehensive fonds located in one archives. .
Parry M.S.	Public health heritage and policy: HIV and aids in museums and archives Herança e política de saúde pública: HIV e aids em museus e arquivos	Archivists and curators institutionalise remembering, and forgetting, by accessioning objects and transforming them into heritage. .
Mantziou L.	Museum Cluster as Urban Defibrillator	Safeguarding these traces and in doing so, enhancing historical memory, becomes a critical matter in terms of redefining humanity for posterity. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	All these effects can also be combined through, for example, a long-term policy of urban regeneration through culture. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	By this way longitudinal impact assessment studies provide support for monitoring the progression of impacts and legacies in the long term to release optimum benefits of urban regeneration schemes. .
Markusen , A., ; Godwa, A.,	Arts and Culture in Urban or Regional Planning: A Review and Research Agenda	In this article, we review the state of knowledge about arts and culture as urban or regional development and outline potential research that would substantially aid planners and other decision makers in crafting strategy and allocating resources. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	This study aims to identify the social role of heritage conservation in urban renewal. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	First, the public concern for heritage conservation should be promoted in urban renewal through educating people and teaching them more about the local cultural and commercial history. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Therefore, it is particularly important to have a good understanding of the underlying social factors that need to be addressed in order to enhance more sustainable heritage conservation during the process of urban renewal. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Thus, these social factors should provide insight for urban planners and conservationists when formulating urban renewal plans for incorporating and balancing redevelopment and conservation. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	In an attempt to identify some of the ways in which archives can gain a foothold in community development activities this thesis will examine some community-oriented public programming initiatives archives may undertake. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	In order for archives to redefine their role in society and to become more engaged with their communities archivists will need to promote use of their holdings. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	In the context of community economic development, the knowledge stored in these records represents a substantial community resource. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	In order for an archival institution to become part of a sustainable community economic development scheme, it needs to be engaged with a variety of local citizens. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	As a rapidly growing city, Brandon may likewise benefit from encouraging archives and records management programs to contribute to its development strategies. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	A community archives could provide resources for collaboration on this project. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	A community archives could provide a strong foundation for historical research at a local level. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	One way of developing the public profile of archives may be to work with existing community organizations to draw attention to the ways in which historical records are already contributing to community institutions. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	The ability of archives to contribute to community development has thus grown considerably in recent years. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	This kind of data is needed to establish a cultural districts association with neighbourhood change over time but requires research expertise and resources to collect and analyse. .
Środa-Murawska S.	Railway feat. culture – Rumia library effect as an example of the influence of culture-led regeneration in a medium-sized city in Poland	They aimed to support the renewal of small and medium-sized cities by, for example, revitalising heritage: the Small Town Networks Project; Sustaining Small Expanding Towns. .
Martins J.C.	Tangible cultural heritage re-appropriation towards a new urban centrality. A critical crossroad in semi-peripheral eastern riverside lisbon	The transformation of decayed semi-peripheral riverside areas and its Tangible Culture Heritage is presented today as a contributing factor in urban regeneration by several public preservation bodies and agendas, as well as privately led investment. .
Shaw K.	Y21: Culture-led regeneration in twenty-first century UK city regions	This participative approach is perhaps why culture is so often mobilized as part of regeneration strategies and policies aimed at City-Regions. .
Collazo A.A.	Progress, mobility and Urban regeneration in a traditional neighbourhood: El Encino, Mexico	Its useful to read the history in building (architecture itself contains history) that tells us whats happening in the city at certain moment of time - including social problems - in order to propose innovative, relevant and applicable urban designs with alternatives for the revaluation of urban heritage. .
Grossi, E., ; Sacco, P.L., ; Blessi, G.T., ; Cerutti, R.,	The Impact of Culture on the Individual Subjective Well-Being of the Italian Population: An Exploratory Study	It is, thus, important to point out that sport and cultural access together may be read as a strong marker of an active and healthy life, and this is noteworthy not only from the point of view of the interpretation of the empirical analysis, but also in terms of the design of future health policies encouraging inclusive notions of capability-based fitness. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	It advocates for the role of culture as a potential tool for inducing a civilising process and a healthy civil society, demonstrating that intensive programmes like the ECoC, based on the territories cultural values, can reduce crime rates by generating common grounds and more community oriented value systems, through opportunities for expressing collective community values and sustaining its cultural heritage, and through an informal education processes. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Nevertheless, working and researching for a reasonably long time period, connecting and sharing experiences in a network, learning from previous experience and maintaining the focus on the participatory mission could help cultural practitioners to accomplish great results. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	4. Conclusion and further directions for research Cultural regeneration increases national and international visibility, hence improving the communication among the cultural and economic interests and the cultural and economic opportunities. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Facilitating access to cultural vitality data, and to measures such as those ACIP is developing, will make it easier for cultural vitality to be integrated into policy discussion and decisionmaking on a broader scale. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Their practices are worth highlighting as important steps toward the more comprehensive way of capturing cultural vitality recommended in this report. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	This thesis explores some possible approaches to better integration of archives with communities and engagement of archives with local community development initiatives. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Archival literature provides examples of institutions from around the world that illustrate the numerous contributions archives can make to communities. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Convenient access to archival materials has the potential to facilitate scholarly research into a community. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Archivists would need to actively seek opportunities to contribute to and make their archives relevant to their constituent community. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Community archives can play a significant role in the development of such networks as a major information hub in their communities. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	In the United Kingdom, the National Council on Archives Community Archives Development Group (CADG) provides an example of how an archival organization can play a leadership role in the cultivation of relationships between local archivists and archival users that can be beneficial to both groups. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	In order to promote the uses of community archives members of the CADG have worked with members of the public to identify potential archival initiatives that may be beneficial to a large part of the community. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Once in an archival setting, the archives could be made publicly accessible for the various community development purposes discussed in this thesis. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	The inclusion of local volunteers in archival processes can mobilize local knowledge in pursuit of the community goal of archiving. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Consideration of this typology might help cultural districts and their stakeholders develop a more expansive approach to social impact. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	Their model asserts cultural literacy as the foundation of a healthy cultural ecology, supporting higher levels of engagement such as participatory cultural practice and consumption of professional cultural goods Where do you operate in this system? .
Robazza P., Longo D., Bortoli G., Alese G., Boeri A.	DIY urbanism as a tool of urban regeneration. Two cases in comparison	Historical memory workshops and documentary journalism on the history of the district, emotional maps, text-context readings, workshops related to cultural techniques and local construction alternated with moments of community celebration are functional to the territorial self-diagnosis phase and to increase the feeling of community and collaboration. .
Caswell M., Cifor M., Ramirez M.H.	to Suddenly Discover Yourself Existing: Uncovering the Impact of Community Archives 1	More work is needed not only to understand the conceptual impact of these archival organizations on archival theory and practice, but also to assess the needs and the impacts of these memory organizations on the individual, community, and societal level. .
Lu Q., Zheng D., Young L., Kagawa-Singer M., Loh A.	A pilot study of expressive writing intervention among Chinese-speaking breast cancer survivors	The community members provided particularly valuable input in modifying study design, recruitment strategies, and study materials to be culturally appropriate and acceptable. .
Selman P., Carter C., Lawrence A., Morgan C.	Re-connecting with a recovering river through imaginative engagement	Imaginative engagement as a mode of citizen participation-the use of arts-based methods to involve people actively in shared learning experiences-holds promise as a means to increase awareness and understanding, and to build capacity, for sustainable use and management of rivers. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	For the archaeological mission this phase was important to build knowledge and experience as well as networks to reach the Eco-Archaeological Park to insure sustainability for both site conservation as well as tourism as a complete experience. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	Our rationale for working with the same groups was to draw on what they learned from the workshops and other experiences, to enable the creation of our mapping tool to help other communities become involved in heritage conservation. .
Barelkowski R.	Involving social participation in the preservation of heritage: The experience of Greater Poland and Kujavia	To preserve architectural heritage efficiently, especially when dealing with small remote heritage sites, a research program involves social participation intended to program the reuse of the object and its surrounding. .
Pavluković V., Stankov U., Arsenović D.	Social impacts of music festivals: A comparative study of sziget (Hungary) and exit (Serbia) Družbeni vplivi glasbenih festivalov: Primerjalna študija festivalov sziget na Madžarskem in exit v Srbiji	Given the importance of social impacts of festivals on the quality of every-day life for local residents and on the urban space, this paper contributes to the body of knowledge in urban social geography field. .
Tischler V., Howson-Griffiths T., Hedd-Jones C.H., Windle G.	Using art for public engagement: reflections on the Dementia and Imagination project	Further work could explore public engagement in diverse settings to assess which approaches are effective in maximising research value and wider community benefit. .
Schneider J.	The arts as a medium for care and self-care in dementia: Arguments and evidence	4. The wider community benefits from the fostering of cultural capital in any segment of society, including older people with dementia. .
Goulding A.	How can contemporary art contribute toward the development of social and cultural capital for people aged 64 and older	A university education (institutionalized cultural capital) together with a network of contacts (social capital) can increase productivity for both the individual and the collective. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	However, if records are well managed and placed in a community archives, they can become a widely accessible resource. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Archivists may be able to improve public understanding of archives and archivists by attracting members of the public who were previously unengaged with archives to their institutions through public programming. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	An archival and expanded records management program could make records generated by the City of Brandons government considerably more accessible to the public. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Archival access could complement Brandons open approach to access to information by providing citizens with the tools necessary to identify what information is available for access. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	A community archives could provide publicly accessible finding aids and develop an archival partnership with the MGS in order to serve better the growing genealogical research community. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	By helping European cultural works to reach audiences in other countries, the program will also contribute to safeguarding cultural and linguistic diversity (Ibid). .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	Various individuals and groups can transcend barriers to be part of a collective memory, with a common past, present and future 4 and that is what interests others to visit and help contribute to the inclusive growth of cultural heritage. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	As for the impact of globalisation, there is a strong sense among some archaeologists and cultural diplomats that by including communities in the decision making process, through the meaning of either participatory or collaborative approach, they are helping to create a sense of heritage for that particular group, therefore, archaeologists can embrace the various and diverse histories found in any one place or community aiding the peace building process 4,25 . .
Rahman M.K.A., Hashim N.S.N., Jufry F.D.M.	Liminality of Igal ritual theater: A solution of Tulah	It also seeks to develop a systematic interpretation about all human cultures from the perspective of the people learning the cultures. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	For Cowen, private management ensures positive cultural contributions for growth as it is based on market dynamics. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	To evidence the key contributions of culture to economic wealth numerous studies and mapping documents have been made, assessing the induced economic impact of cultural activities. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Lastly, a few studies reported some impressions regarding the economic impacts, which reflect the capacities that cultural activities have to increase employment opportunities, to develop tourism and local commerce and to induce new sources of income. .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	The development of tourism at World Heritage Sites generates financial resources that can be used to preserve and sustain the heritage sites (Su et al., 2016). .
Gallou, E., ; Fouseki, K.,	Applying Social Impact Assessment (SIA) Principles in Assessing Contribution of Cultural Heritage to Social Sustainability.	These findings are simply represented in the list Perceptions of the role and contribution of heritage for socially sustainable development, identifying three major ways in which heritage assists local well-being: (1) Heritage supporting economic development: ... from council perspective is about enabling communities to do projects ... economic development, so, improving visitor offer . visiting different parts of Orkney ... . .
Gallou, E., ; Fouseki, K.,	Applying Social Impact Assessment (SIA) Principles in Assessing Contribution of Cultural Heritage to Social Sustainability.	Perceptions of the role and contribution of heritage for socially sustainable development: (1) Heritage to support economic development: heritage to support economy based on services and tourism; and heritage to tackle issue of seasonality in interests. .
Degen, M., ; Garcia, M.,	The Transformation of the ‘Barcelona Model’: An Analysis of Culture, Urban Regeneration.	Culture has become deeply intertwined with the citys economy, as the City Council aims to develop its cultural industries and its position in the cultural economy: in contemporary capitalism, the culture-generating capabilities of cities are being harnessed for productive purposes, creating new kinds of localized advantages with major employment and income-enhancing effects (Scott, 1997: 335). .
Horton, S., ; Spence, J.,	Scoping the economic and social impact of archives.	Aside from the wider impact of service provision on local and national economies, there is also the question of the potential economic impact that engagement with archives can have on the individual. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	This thesis suggests that, rather than being passive instruments of little use to a community, archives can play a key role in community development by supporting engagement in the knowledgebased economy. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Archives and records management can also help an organization to develop economically. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	The notion that archives can support economic development suggests that in addition to the cultural and social contributions archives can make to society, archives also have the potential to support actual economic growth. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Consequently, the Nova Scotia governments investment in archival programming may yield economic development opportunities by attracting tourists to the province. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Local organizations could undertake similar projects in conjunction with archives and demonstrate the value of a community archives in Brandon. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Archival materials can support local publishing, education systems (at all levels), news media needs, and tourism and community publicity. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	A well-used archival institution can attract researchers who then spend money in the community. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Researchers attracted to Elgin County by the archives spend money in local businesses and contribute to the economic growth of Elgin County as a whole.25 The major economic advantages of a community archives are those that indirectly stimulate economic growth. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	An additional benefit of local retention of archival data may also help the knowledge-based economy to gain traction in Brandon by providing source material for environmental research at the local level. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	However, archives could fit into a local network of organizations that drive cultural tourism. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Although keeping archives local helps them to connect with a sense of community identity, there are practical issues, such as cost, that may make funding a large number of local archives difficult. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Ultimately, the most practical way of operating a community archives in Brandon may be to adhere to the community economic development mantra: by the community and for the community. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	They require specialist expertise and can be expensive but, although less useful in guiding cultural institutions in their own practice, they have proved of interest to public funders in some countries. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	Given the significant positive externalities associated with cultural clusters, investment strategies that are profit-seeking, not necessarily profit-maximizing, could pay huge dividends to both the investors and the general community. .
Caswell M., Migoni A.A., Geraci N., Cifor M.	‘To Be Able to Imagine Otherwise’: community archives and the importance of representation	We are also interested in exploring how community archives might leverage this model to their own benefit. .
Liu Y.-D.	Event and sustainable culture-led regeneration: Lessons from the 2008 European Capital of Culture, Liverpool	At the same time, the continued subsidies for cultural organisations, including event hosting and sustainable development funds, helped also to ensure the sustainability of event. .
Zhou X., Hristova D., Noulas A., Mascolo C., Sklar M.	Cultural investment and urban socio-economic development: A geosocial network approach	Firstly, we have explored the relationship between socio-economic condition, cultural investment and geosocial network graph, finding that spending more on culture can lead to an improvement of local development, especially for more deprived neighbourhoods. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	Communities act on built environment through a sedimented intangible cultural capital, making use of and enhancing local resources. .
Montalto, V., ; Campagna, D., ; Caperna, G.,	Does Culture Make a Better Citizen? Exploring the Relationship Between Cultural and Civic Participation in Italy	The Civic sense dimension has been introduced in order to complete the analysis of the participation in civic life with an enlarged conception of participatory behaviours and attitudes. .
Bianchini, F., ; Tommarchi, E., ; Hansen, L., E.	Problematising the question of participation in Capitals of Culture	The challenges addressed through participation, whether this is building new audiences or influencing decision making, or fostering civic engagement, all depend on long-term efforts. .
Mihailidis P., Gamwell A.	Designing Engagement in Local News: Using FOIA Requests to Create Inclusive Participatory Journalism Practices	Activities were intended to build strong ties between journalists and the communities they were reporting on, and to offer a pathway to public data that could be valuable for local reporting projects. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	This paper emphasizes this growing importance and contribution of architectural symbolism to the development of local identity, local economy and place promotion..
Currid, E., ; Williams, S.,	Two cities, five industries: Similarities and differences within and between cultural industries in New York and Los Angeles	In this article, we seek to look at how the location patterns of cultural industries may help inform economic development. .
Currid, E., ; Williams, S.,	Two cities, five industries: Similarities and differences within and between cultural industries in New York and Los Angeles	Our study of cultural industries will help inform future research and further enlighten our understanding of their location patterns. .
Gallou, E., ; Fouseki, K.,	Applying Social Impact Assessment (SIA) Principles in Assessing Contribution of Cultural Heritage to Social Sustainability.	The qualitative approach we suggest holds potential benefits for informing local-level, heritage micro-policy: asking participants to elicit heritage values and project impacts combined with realizing a community profile in the start of the projects allows mapping impacts on specific target groups with greater certainty, instead of simply listing cumulative impacts, generalizing for the whole of local population. .
Backman, M., ; Nilsson, P.,	The role of cultural heritage in attracting skilled individuals	These results would thus lend support to the hypothesis that built heritages and cultural environments constitute important place-based resources that have the potential to improve regional attractiveness and growth in Sweden. .
Horton, S., ; Spence, J.,	Scoping the economic and social impact of archives.	The record creator generates the body of records from which original archival material is selected and processed, and primary archival products (finding aids) are produced which add value in terms of aiding users to locate the information they need. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	This thesis will suggest some ways in which a community archives can take advantage of these opportunities. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Small communities such as Brandon are actively searching for new development strategies, and with the emergence of the knowledge-based economy the establishment of a local archival institution may have the capacity to play a major role in contributing to these strategies. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	If archivists and community development professionals could find some way of identifying and applying the knowledge held in archival records to tasks associated with community development a strong case may be made that archives are integral to the future growth of Brandon. .
Cantillon Z., Baker S.	DIY Heritage Institutions as Third Places: Caring, Community and Wellbeing Among Volunteers at the Australian Jazz Museum	In this article, we seek to examine how such benefits manifest in the specific context of a community heritage institution. .
Mckenzie M., Hutton T.	Culture-led Regeneration in the Post-industrial Built Environment: Complements and Contradictions in Victory Square, Vancouver	With all these advantages, and being at the focus of interest of global capital, the industrial heritage has played the role of an important tool in implementation of the culture-led regeneration policies and projects. .
Lange-Valdés C.	Architecture as an apparatus of urban regeneration: 20 years of the Bilbao Guggenheim Museum La arquitectura como dispositivo de regeneración urbana: 20 años del Museo Guggenheim Bilbao	It is precisely this set of characteristics that allow its architecture to be presented as a promoter of device of cultural centrality. .
Cristina M., Loreta C., Daniel P., George M., Cristian D., Radu P.	The role of technical museums in the regeneration of industrial functionally, restructured regions (Romania)	Also, the development of heritage tourism is understood not only as one of the pillars of alternative economic and social development to replace the deactivated mining industry, but also an active agent in the process of defining the diverse collective identities (Ballesteros & Ramirez, 2007 quoted by Gorjup-Kavi et al, 2010). .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	Therefore, heritage can be seen as a performance to underpin identity, particularly national identity. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	This close relationship and positive dynamic with the locals enabled Buccellati to understand the local needs and interests leading him to extend the archaeological vision to create an eco-archaeological park in the region aiming to safeguard the integrity of the place and participate in the sociocultural development of the region based on the local special characteristics, needs and skills. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Simultaneous to this negative interpretation, there is an old social debate arguing for the positive effects of cultural activities on individuals and communities, in shaping identities, enhancing mental and physical capacities, linking people and empowering communities. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Better data also make possible the analysis of connections of arts/culture with other aspects of community, such as economic development, education, health, public safety, and civic engagement. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Community cultural development is one element in a convergence of disciplines that are progressively forming stronger connectionsart, eco-environment, education, human rights and spiritualityall operating from the central point of cultural values. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	The ability of community groups to work together toward the common goal of establishing archives in Nanaimo and to promote the uses of archives throughout the community provides an excellent example of how archives can be established through grassroots support and community cooperation. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Furthermore, by encouraging participants to work together to achieve common records management goals, records management cooperatives have the potential to support the development of social capital. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Research into community history allows citizens to remember their personal roots in their communities and to better understand how their communities have developed over time. .
Catenaccio P., Khonsari T.	The construction of a civic neighbourhood as/through cultural production a discourse analytical approach to participatory art and temporary architecture	Multiple interconnections across networked materials enable the construction of personalised reading paths which converge to create a unified whole centered on local (radical) identity tempered with socially (but not openly politically) engaged current initiatives, all of them geared towards encouraging greater civic participation within a spatially anchored yet conceptually open local community. .
Kelemen M., Hamilton L.	Creative processes of impact making: advancing an American Pragmatist Methodology	It has an interest in producing new insights about communities as well as new methods that involve community members in the co-design of research and the co-production of knowledge (http://connected-communities.org/). .
Caswell M., Cifor M., Ramirez M.H.	to Suddenly Discover Yourself Existing: Uncovering the Impact of Community Archives 1	At the social level, our research shows how interaction with one community archives enables both academics and their students to feel a sense of belonging and inclusion. .
Cerreta M., Daldanise G., Sposito S.	Culture-led regeneration for urban spaces Monitoring complex values networks in action	The synergistic effect of culture-led regeneration depends, therefore, on how the process is able to create a shared and inclusive social representation, in which the various local communities can learn to expand their ability to interact, creating and sharing information and ideas to cooperate and compete together. .
Ozden P.	Culture-led regeneration projects in post-industrial areas: The Istanbul experience	The synergistic effect of culture-led regeneration depends, therefore, on how the process is able to create a shared and inclusive social representation, in which the various local communities can learn to expand their ability to interact, creating and sharing information and ideas to cooperate and compete together. .
Roe B., McCormick S., Lucas T., Gallagher W., Winn A., Elkin S.	Coffee, Cake & Culture: Evaluation of an art for health programme for older people in the community	It was noted that exhibits and activities did encourage visitors engagement with their personal and shared history. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	4. Conclusions This article demonstrates that mobilising a community archaeology project can be a useful soft power tool to support an inclusive process within isolated and diverse communities, leading to growth in tangible and intangible cultural heritage. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	Community-based heritage conservation refers to the increasingly popular activity of coming together with members of the community to research local historical assets. .
Horton, S., ; Spence, J.,	Scoping the economic and social impact of archives.	This points to the need to widen awareness of archives in terms of both secondary usage, and at the level of primary use. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Therefore, investing in archives may be a step a community can take to develop a reliable source of collective knowledge. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	When dealing with controversies, archivists should perhaps strive to provide a broad array of well-contextualized records that can enable users to access alternative perspectives on a particular historical event. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	By providing researchers with as broad an account of the past as possible community archivists may facilitate dialogue between community members with conflicting interpretations of historical events. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	If archivists provide appropriate contextual information about local historical records, they may be able to further citizens understanding of the history of their community as part of wider communities, such as (but not limited to) the Canadian nation. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	By encouraging multiple ways of thinking about primary sources, the Edukit hopes to foster a greater appreciation of history. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Archives may be able to provide both physical locations where older people may meet to discuss their lives, as well as records that can facilitate the act of remembering. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Archives may provide both physical locations where older people may meet to discuss their lives, as well as records that can facilitate the act of remembering. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	The creation of a central community archival institution could provide context to these accounts. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Participatory archiving involves harnessing the knowledge of archival users to create enhanced descriptions and interpretations of existing archival collections.80 .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	Studies of the ways in which people engage with exhibitions show that visitor interpretation draws on the existing experiences and knowledge base of visitors beyond the content of the exhibition thus contributing to the overall learning experience. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	This was important in a number of ways including collecting research data and augmenting partial or overlooked histories. .
Parry M.S.	Public health heritage and policy: HIV and aids in museums and archives Herança e política de saúde pública: HIV e aids em museus e arquivos	As I hope I have demonstrated here, it is critical that collections of public health heritage be expanded and interlinked with others to give a broader picture of the past and the possibilities for the future. .
Ander E.E., Thomson L.J.M., Blair K., Noble G., Menon U., Lanceley A., Chatterjee H.J.	Using museum objects to improve wellbeing in mental health service users and neurological rehabilitation clients	The sessions also provided opportunities for learning and discussion about the history and use of these objects. .
Padilla-Llano S.E., Machado-Penso M.V., Reyes-Schade E., Larios-Giraldo P.M., Cabrera-Sánchez I., Martínez-Palacios E., González-Forero D., Tapias-Martínez J.	Barrio El Prado: A living museum for the city of Barranquilla Barrio el prado un museo vivo para la ciudad de Barranquilla.	It is a living source of information that is based on historical value, enhancing its importance in the present, and projecting the future, from the vision of development. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	Therefore the therapeutic effect can be extended to others through the sharing and interpreting of the heritage re-presentation. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Local image and identity Participatory arts projects have an important role in celebrating local cultures and traditions such as the York Mystery Plays. .
Montalto, V., ; Tacao Moura, C., J.; Langedijk, S., ; Saisana, M.,	Culture counts: An empirical approach to measure the cultural and creative vitality of European cities.	Culture represents an authentic form of capital (Throsby, 2001) that contributes to defining a city as unique environment with its own features. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	The concept of cultural capital has been originally developed to refer to prestigious forms of culture and the way they contribute to the reproduction of social stratification. .
Gallou, E., ; Fouseki, K.,	Applying Social Impact Assessment (SIA) Principles in Assessing Contribution of Cultural Heritage to Social Sustainability.	At the same time, rich intangible heritage of the area includes traditional dialect, music and customs unique for the locality and the projects within the scheme focus on both tangible and intangible aspects of heritage. .
Gallou, E., ; Fouseki, K.,	Applying Social Impact Assessment (SIA) Principles in Assessing Contribution of Cultural Heritage to Social Sustainability.	4.2 Identifying heritage values It is crucial at this stage to understand that while evaluating the impacts of heritage participation within landscape we need to trace: ( 1) Perception of intrinsic values towards heritage places or intangible heritage that signify roles of heritage for the lives of community and may affect perceived impacts of participation. .
Gallou, E., ; Fouseki, K.,	Applying Social Impact Assessment (SIA) Principles in Assessing Contribution of Cultural Heritage to Social Sustainability.	Intrinsic values were mapped here as perceptions of heritage by the different participants, using questions to elicit discussion, like for example What is the most important heritage aspects in (area) for you? .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Local culture and history of city development Conservation of heritage sites can help develop the placespecific character of urban regions (Swensen, 2012) and improve the physical conditions of the environment, while maintaining and enhancing local life and culture and the uniqueness of a place (Strange & Whitney, 2003). .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Second, as landmarks, the heritage buildings should be able to promote a district's identity. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	As urban renewal districts usually contain unique local culture and history, undertaking heritage conservation projects in the districts can be even more challenging. .
Grodach, C.,	Museums as Urban Catalysts: The Role of Urban Design in Flagship Cultural Development	Cultural buildings are found on premium sites. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Artwork is inspired by heritage, identity values and symbolic meaning. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	As we have pointed out before, festivals have cultural and social resonances in the place where they are organized and that, in essence, are their true reason for being. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Within this matrix of social forces, culture and cultural practice can have specific relevance, especially when it comes to notions of traditional ways of doing and ways of being. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Language, Heritage and Strong Cultural Identity Culture has been identified as an important determinant of health particularly within First Nations communities. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	Heritage largely remains the preserve of cultural geography. .
Thompson J., Day J.	Understanding the impact and value of temporary public art sculpture trails	We argue: cultural value is, in essence, what the T-Past says about the place, and the extent to which people retain a favourable sense of place. .
Hidalgo M.	Valuing the economic and social impact of the Carnival of Blacks and Whites of Pasto, Colombia Valoración del impacto económico y social del Carnaval de Negros y Blancos de Pasto, Colombia	Carnival as intangible cultural heritage represents a cultural creation with an accumulated character, with a historical perspective and with a sense of heritage. .
Abdulla S.	The art of inclusion: Contradictions affecting theatre for development interventions in Malawi	This is particularly true when such games belong to the traditions and culture of the participating individuals. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Measuring changes in subjective well‑being from engagement in the arts, culture and sport	While the findings alone cannot provide a rationale for continued or extended funding of these activities, they are clear in evidencing a number of positive impacts on reported well-being which does correspond to the argued societal benefits of the arts, culture and sport. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	There is, for sure, a positive correlation between growth in employment and tourism and beneficial implications for the state budget (a correlation seen more as an intersection of factors that are mutually reinforced by one another and not one-way determined by the other ones cultural action). .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	The regional economy is also a beneficiary. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	While economic benefit did accrue, these can in part be seen to have been linked to the mid-1980s boom in leisure and cultural spending generally. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	People from cultural organizations sometimes jump into such projects because of the money they can get, not because they actually believe in it, or due to the legitimization they confer to forward-thinking policymakers. .
Currid, E., ; Williams, S.,	Two cities, five industries: Similarities and differences within and between cultural industries in New York and Los Angeles	Such a result corroborates Pratts (1997) Cultural Industry Production System model, whereby he posits that interaction across cultural subsectors along with maximizing links between their production processes and local tourism and development efforts can produce positive economic outcomes. .
Degen, M., ; Garcia, M.,	The Transformation of the ‘Barcelona Model’: An Analysis of Culture, Urban Regeneration.	The allocation of this vital role was directly linked to an increase in public spending on culture. .
Ratti, M.,	Outcome indicators for the cultural sector	The emphasis is on outcome measurements that are useful both to the cultural organisation, and to prospective impact investors, as well as donors. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Partnerships with non-profit social and arts organisations facilitate social impact, not least through collaborations to attract funding. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	The process of identifying the exhibition content also underlined the benefits to museums of understanding their publics not just as audiences but as key resources. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	Value your cultural workers The greater understanding of the value of arts and culture for our society can come at a price, and there is a threat of instrumentalising cultural workers to deliver on social cohesion objectives. .
Kochergina E.	Urban Planning Aspects of Museum Quarters as an Architectural Medium for Creative Cities	On the one hand, centralization may help to attract visitors to the site and increase economic benefits (as all target objects are gathered in one location, which significantly safe time). .
Kochergina E.	Urban Planning Aspects of Museum Quarters as an Architectural Medium for Creative Cities	As a result, the first advantage can be achieved: economically sustainable and profit oriented institutional network, build within a cultural field. .
Cantillon Z., Baker S.	DIY Heritage Institutions as Third Places: Caring, Community and Wellbeing Among Volunteers at the Australian Jazz Museum	Likewise, heritage institutions cannot be completely egalitarian in that (among other reasons, as described below) they require a certain amount of economic and cultural capital to access and meaningfully engage with them. .
Martins J.C.	Tangible cultural heritage re-appropriation towards a new urban centrality. A critical crossroad in semi-peripheral eastern riverside lisbon	These practices demand the economic and symbolic valorization of abandoned Tangible Cultural Heritage, where the social coexistence of residents, workers and visitors is seen as a smoother urban integration of these deprived territories and their communities into the surrounding contemporary cities. .
Camic P.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museums and art galleries as partners for public health interventions	The role and interplay of sensory modalities may help explain why kinaesthetic museum interventions afford wellbeing benefits. .
Barelkowski R.	Involving social participation in the preservation of heritage: The experience of Greater Poland and Kujavia	From the economic perspective, the creation of a strong connection between a society and pieces of heritage may be the last chance for many forgotten architectural objects, otherwise doomed to destruction. .
Barelkowski R.	Involving social participation in the preservation of heritage: The experience of Greater Poland and Kujavia	How to achieve efficient protection without the necessity to exploit ancient buildings and valuable sites, without generating an enormous flow of visitors, without the problem of spending the obtained financial means to cover the destruction brought by tourist activities? .
Hidalgo M.	Valuing the economic and social impact of the Carnival of Blacks and Whites of Pasto, Colombia Valoración del impacto económico y social del Carnaval de Negros y Blancos de Pasto, Colombia	To estimate the WTP, a question was included in the survey forms related to the maximum amount of money that both the local resident and the national and foreign visitor are willing to pay to enjoy the Carnival events ( parades, especially) for entry -in the hypothetical case that the Carnival was not free-, according to what they have enjoyed (level of satisfaction) during their visit and knowing that this fact would contribute to safeguarding the Carnival as a cultural heritage of humanity. .
Gallou, E., ; Fouseki, K.,	Applying Social Impact Assessment (SIA) Principles in Assessing Contribution of Cultural Heritage to Social Sustainability.	What is more, empirical studies have showed that enhancing sense of place is in turn important for the socially sustainable development of revitalization projects (Yung and Chan, 2012; Liu and Cheung, 2016), making it key element for successful heritage projects with place-making elements. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Most respondents agreed that the festival had improved contacts, confidence and understanding between cultures, but several felt it was important to recognise that community cultural activities, networks and organisational capacity had existed a long time. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	The Montreal workshop concluded that arts and heritage participation enhances social understanding, promotes identity formation, modifies values, builds social cohesion, and fosters community development and civic participation. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	C. Expression of communal meaning This social capability contains cultural activities that offer people opportunities to express communal meanings. .
Blessi, G.T., ; Tremblay , D., G.; Sandri, M., ; Pilati, T.,	New trajectories in urban regeneration processes: Cultural capital as source of human and social capital accumulation – Evidence from the case of Tohu in Montreal	The third depicts the collaboration between cultural organizations and the community focused on the generation of a culturally rich urban environment. .
Gallou, E., ; Fouseki, K.,	Applying Social Impact Assessment (SIA) Principles in Assessing Contribution of Cultural Heritage to Social Sustainability.	By linking values and community groups that represent the bearers of those heritage values, such an approach opens the way for achieving socially relevant project planning and project design in the heritage sector. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.	Measuring the intrinsic impacts of arts attendance	Social bonding: measures the extent to which the performance connected the individual with others in the audience, allowed her to celebrate her own cultural heritage or learn about cultures outside of her life experience, and left her with new insight on human relations; for example: To what extent did the performance serve to celebrate and sustain your own cultural heritage? .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	This is crucial to building up successful and lasting cooperation between cultural and educational institutions. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	They include: use of heritage and memory to build self-awareness, self-worth, and social cohesion to foster and establish social values to combat xenophobia, racism, gender discrimination and extreme nationalism; empowerment of people through artist and design-led education, living labs, and cocreation methodologies; capacity building to enable quality local cultural expression, audience development, and participation; intercultural dialogues and positive, proactive approaches to managing cultural integration; the fight against social inequality in urban and rural contexts, by stimulating cultural entrepreneurship and better management of local cultural resources to maximise participation and ownership from citizens (KEA et al., 2017, p. 8-9) 4 Methodology Creativity is an elusive concept. .
Rahbarianyazd, R., ; Doratli, N.,	Assessing the contribution of cultural agglomeration in urban regeneration through developing cultural strategies.	These two strategies, when applied, serve to reinforce local community identity and strengthen local cultural production. .
Kumari G., Ratnesh M., Eguruze E.S.	Role of CSR in supporting tribal handicrafts of Jharkhand	Cultural heritage act as a bridge between local people and the government. .
Pulimeno M., Piscitelli P., Colazzo S.	Children’s literature to promote students’ global development and wellbeing	As emphasized by the UNESCOs Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2003, folktales play a dynamic role in bringing people closer together, thus ensuring knowledge exchange among different cultures and increasing the respect for others in a tolerant peaceful way. .
Pastak I., Kährik A.	The impacts of culture-led flagship projects on local communities in the context of post-socialist tallinn	Moreover, local participation in the initiative itself has constituted an important arena for social interaction, resulting in common place-making and advancing place attachment. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	The Living Cultures project has potentially strengthened relations between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal participants residing in Tennant Creek through their shared involvement in learning experiences concerning Aboriginal culture and identity. .
Widodo J., Wong Y.C., Ismail F.	DIGITAL HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE METHODOLOGY for HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT of SINGAPORE	Therefore, it becomes necessary for the digital platform on heritage architecture to effectively communicate, learn, store and manage to increase the end-users awareness and empathy on heritage architecture over time and space. .
Russell M.G.	Evolving media metrics from assumed attention to earned engagement	For many the objective of the research has been to expand understanding, to contribute to a pool of knowledge. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	The findings thus offer an early contribution to the way in which heritage is worked by individuals in their own practice and understanding that of others. .
Breed A.	Environmental aesthetics, social engagement and aesthetic experiences in Central Asia	I will expand on these cultural forms to best historicise and contextualise how they might be used within conflict negotiation contexts. .
Ander, E.; Thomson, L.; Lanceley, A.; Menon, U.; Noble, G.	Heritage, Health and Wellbeing: Assessing the impact of a heritage focused intervention on health and wellbeing.	Care of heritage collections and the need for trained facilitation also need to be thought about for such projects to work. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	The long-term aggregate trend of both arts and heritage is to foster more sustainable social values. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	The Commission for the Built Environment (CABE), English Partnerships, English Heritage, the Heritage Lottery Fund, Arts Council England and BURA are all helping to ensure that good design, architecture and conservation practice remain priorities in regeneration schemes. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	This is due to the process and legitimation of the Heritage listing and grading system and other designations of architectural and historic assets. .
Gallou, E., ; Fouseki, K.,	Applying Social Impact Assessment (SIA) Principles in Assessing Contribution of Cultural Heritage to Social Sustainability.	(I4/M4, Scheme manager) (3) Heritage sustaining wider community in place: Finally, participating in community-led projects was connected to the function of heritage centers by local trusts and associations as community centers, supporting community needs and in the long run potentially assisting in sustaining population in place: . there was all very well having a heritage center . . .
Widodo J., Wong Y.C., Ismail F.	DIGITAL HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE METHODOLOGY for HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT of SINGAPORE	The HUL approach supports communities in their quest for adaptation and development while retaining the values and attributes linked to their history, collective memory and environment. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	It reports on how since the late 90s numerous cultural-based local dynamics have emerged as supportive tools for economic and social development, urban regeneration and the quality of life. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Thus, the results of the ECoC initiative over crime against patrimony also have to take into consideration the historical urban regeneration dynamics of the city and the surrounding region, which was reinforced in the capital year. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Long-term commitment is established when the city council, local cultural operators and other local actors, are willing to build on the experience of the title year for the future development of the city, by reinforcing the importance of the cultural policy for its sustainable growth. .
Evans, G.,	Measure for measure: evaluating the evidence of culture’s contribution to regeneration.	Culture-led regeneration, as it has come to be known, is now a feature of citiesold and newas they seek to revive former industrial and waterfront sites and city centres, and establish themselves as competitive cities of culture. .
Evans, G.,	Measure for measure: evaluating the evidence of culture’s contribution to regeneration.	Evidence of regenerative effects can therefore be sought where culture is a driver, a catalyst or at the very least a key player in the process of regeneration or renewal. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	The increasing interest for culture as the engine of local economic development finds its antecedents in certain experiments in urban and regional planning, such as the urban regeneration plans carried out by the Great London Council, based on a strategic vision focused upon building cultural infrastructures and activities (DCMS, 1999). .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	The pieces of evidence I presented above, underline the role of cultural regeneration as a catalyzing factor for the improvement of the economic, social, environmental, political and financial situation of a community. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Being one of them, culture is increasingly seen as a useful catalyst for urban regeneration while cultural policies in Europe are considered as a tool to influence and shape urban policy and strategies, which lead to prosperous reflections reviewed and followed throughout the world. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	So far, measurement of cultures impact for successful culture-led urban regeneration projects has been evidenced to be a necessity. .
Beeksma, A., ; Chiara , D., C.	Participatory heritage in a gentrifying neighbourhood: Amsterdam’s Van Eesteren Museum as affective space of negotiations	How does this fascinating participatory heritage project intervene in and attempt to shape a super-diverse urban neighbourhood with a history of deprivation that is currently the target of government urban renewal policies? .
Blessi, G.T., ; Tremblay , D., G.; Sandri, M., ; Pilati, T.,	New trajectories in urban regeneration processes: Cultural capital as source of human and social capital accumulation – Evidence from the case of Tohu in Montreal	This paper looks at the relationships between investments in cultural resources/activities and urban regeneration processes, and in this respect, how culture can be considered a determinant to the accumulation of human and social capital. .
Blessi, G.T., ; Tremblay , D., G.; Sandri, M., ; Pilati, T.,	New trajectories in urban regeneration processes: Cultural capital as source of human and social capital accumulation – Evidence from the case of Tohu in Montreal	Based on a theoretical review and empirical investigation, the paper presents some clarification of the role of cultural investment in the definition of an emerging sustainable social scheme within the community to promote the development of local social and human capital. .
Blessi, G.T., ; Tremblay , D., G.; Sandri, M., ; Pilati, T.,	New trajectories in urban regeneration processes: Cultural capital as source of human and social capital accumulation – Evidence from the case of Tohu in Montreal	The aim of the paper was to provide some theoretical and empirical observations on the role of cultural investment in the definition of a new social framework within the community, and our case study supports the idea that culture-led development contributes to the enhancement of the stock of local social and human capital for a largely marginalized immigrant community. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Thus, this paper aims to develop a set of social evaluation factors that should be considered when assessing the social impact of conserving groups of heritage buildings in urban renewal districts. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Another key authority involved in the conservation and adaptive reuse of historic buildings is the Urban Renewal Authority (formerly the Land Development Corporation). .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	The revitalized heritage buildings can reflect the economic, industrial and planning development of districts or cities of the past. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Much of the community strategic plan is focused on identifying and building upon local resources, following the by the community for the community theme of community economic development. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	One key finding of the project is that cities and regions generally have a very high level of understanding of what these resources are and how they can contribute to cultural, social and economic development at local level. .
Rahbarianyazd, R., ; Doratli, N.,	Assessing the contribution of cultural agglomeration in urban regeneration through developing cultural strategies.	The main focus or aim of this study was to develop cultural strategies through the clustering of cultural resources used to frame the models of urban regeneration. .
Środa-Murawska S.	Railway feat. culture – Rumia library effect as an example of the influence of culture-led regeneration in a medium-sized city in Poland	Culture-led regeneration plays a leading role in the ability to base urban development on culture. .
Martins J.C.	Tangible cultural heritage re-appropriation towards a new urban centrality. A critical crossroad in semi-peripheral eastern riverside lisbon	CULTURAL HERITAGE, URBAN REGENERATION AND GENTRIFICATION The role of cultural heritage in urban transitions towards the creation, innovation and replication of best practices in cities is seen as a crucial determining factor in the achievement of Global North processes of urban sustainability and a driver for the regeneration of urban consolidated areas and communities. .
Liu Y.-D.	Event and sustainable culture-led regeneration: Lessons from the 2008 European Capital of Culture, Liverpool	Culture-led regeneration has been widely accepted by European cities as an important component of urban renewal and sustainable development. .
Cerreta M., Daldanise G., Sposito S.	Culture-led regeneration for urban spaces Monitoring complex values networks in action	When talking about overturning hierarchies and power relations and creating the conditions that are necessary to encourage a new collaborative cultural regeneration of urban public spaces and places, some open questions can be relevant: What kind of cultural resources do we have to optimize for achieving local sustainable development in response to global challenges? .
Cerreta M., Daldanise G., Sposito S.	Culture-led regeneration for urban spaces Monitoring complex values networks in action	As such, culture-led urban regeneration is investigated as a driver of complex values networks tailor-made for a specific local context. .
Cerreta M., Daldanise G., Sposito S.	Culture-led regeneration for urban spaces Monitoring complex values networks in action	Creative capital is able to optimize local cultural resources for rebuilding relationships among communities, values, and public spaces (Forester, 1997; Scott, 2000; Fusco Girard, 2010; Sassen, 2011; Bertacchini et al., 2012; CHCfE, 2015) in a productive way, thereby enhancing culture-led urban regeneration processes that are locally-embedded. .
Cerreta M., Daldanise G., Sposito S.	Culture-led regeneration for urban spaces Monitoring complex values networks in action	By attempting to respond to the research questions that have been highlighted in the introduction, and by starting from the local cultural values and the changing uses of urban spaces, this study explores if creative practices are able to: 1. Optimize tangible/intangible cultural resources for local sustainable development; 2. Generate values and enhance the engagement of communities through new sustainable uses; 3. Build capillary complex networks among people, values, and spaces. .
Zhou X., Hristova D., Noulas A., Mascolo C., Sklar M.	Cultural investment and urban socio-economic development: A geosocial network approach	This assertion lays the foundation of further investigation into the nature of culture-led urban regeneration, where based on existing case studies from the literature 1 and our preliminary analysis, we expect that cultural investment in more deprived areas results in growth. .
Zhou X., Hristova D., Noulas A., Mascolo C., Sklar M.	Cultural investment and urban socio-economic development: A geosocial network approach	This observation verifies the effectiveness of implementing cultural strategies in urban regeneration projects, and illustrates that culture-led regeneration policies are more suitable for underprivileged areas. .
Mckenzie M., Hutton T.	Culture-led Regeneration in the Post-industrial Built Environment: Complements and Contradictions in Victory Square, Vancouver	A nuanced discourse on the mix of factors shaping the urban cultural economy includes investigations of the saliency of the built environment, and particularly the positionality of heritage buildings, in culture-led urban regeneration programmes. .
Ozden P.	Culture-led regeneration projects in post-industrial areas: The Istanbul experience	As such, culture-led urban regeneration is investigated as a driver of complex values networks tailor-made for a specific local context. .
Ozden P.	Culture-led regeneration projects in post-industrial areas: The Istanbul experience	Creative capital is able to optimize local cultural resources for rebuilding relationships among communities, values, and public spaces (Forester, 1997; Scott, 2000; Fusco Girard, 2010; Sassen, 2011; Bertacchini et al., 2012; CHCfE, 2015) in a productive way, thereby enhancing culture-led urban regeneration processes that are locally-embedded. .
Ozden P.	Culture-led regeneration projects in post-industrial areas: The Istanbul experience	By attempting to respond to the research questions that have been highlighted in the introduction, and by starting from the local cultural values and the changing uses of urban spaces, this study explores if creative practices are able to: 1. Optimize tangible/intangible cultural resources for local sustainable development; 2. Generate values and enhance the engagement of communities through new sustainable uses; 3. Build capillary complex networks among people, values, and spaces. .
Padilla-Llano S.E., Machado-Penso M.V., Reyes-Schade E., Larios-Giraldo P.M., Cabrera-Sánchez I., Martínez-Palacios E., González-Forero D., Tapias-Martínez J.	Barrio El Prado: A living museum for the city of Barranquilla Barrio el prado un museo vivo para la ciudad de Barranquilla.	When positioning ourselves in a conception of urban regeneration, it is important to take into account the successful experiences in other Latin American countries, in which culture has been the essential factor in urban transformation, since through it it is sought, in addition to of the revaluation of the neighborhood, conserving the existing social fabric, to generate the empowerment of its residents, who in association with agents of the creative sector will be able to configure a neighborhood identity that integrates both the tangible and intangible heritage. .
Mantziou L.	Museum Cluster as Urban Defibrillator	City authorities develop strategies, which invest in culture and are aimed at creating a city with a modern, competitive and innovative profile. .
Cristina M., Loreta C., Daniel P., George M., Cristian D., Radu P.	The role of technical museums in the regeneration of industrial functionally, restructured regions (Romania)	Cultural investments, merging tourism strategies with local capability creation, have been seen, in this context, as effective catalysts for city regeneration processes (Bi-anchini, 1993, Geronimi, 2006). .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	Such work would help to uncover the true value of heritage conservation on health and wellbeing across the many different stages of becoming or staying well that are enabled or inhibited within a broader web of social, political and economic contexts..
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	In fact, the development of citizenship, anchored in freedom and democracy, allowed to enlarge the possibilities of civic engagement and construction of fairer societies (Reis 2000:114). .
Perna V., Ferri G.	In and out domains: Playful principles to in-form urban solutions; A dialogue between architects and game scholars	This explanation also points out the importance of pedagogy arguing for a strong-based learning phase that can be associated with a series of benefits for participation and civic engagement, as for resolve conflicts or influence decision-making and foster more inclusive and long-term development process. .
Horgan D., Dimitrijević B.	Frameworks for citizens participation in planning: From conversational to smart tools	The tool prompts discussion among stakeholders, helping to identify assets and resources within a community as well as challenges and areas for improvement. .
Racicot-Matta, C.; Wilcke, M.; Egeland, G., M.	Development of radio dramas for health communication pilot intervention in Canadian Inuit communities.	Participatory Process was identified to be a powerful tool in the development and sustainability of culturally appropriate community health programming..
Grossi, E., ; Sacco, P.L., ; Blessi, G.T., ; Cerutti, R.,	The Impact of Culture on the Individual Subjective Well-Being of the Italian Population: An Exploratory Study	But the strategic importance of culture in this particular context has to do not only with its capacity of shaping well-being by improving collective processes of sensemaking and of fostering new forms of sociability, but also with its strategic complementarity with the social production of other intangible resources such as education and skills, which are fundamental to local development processes. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	This initial motivation of bringing together the European Union citizens throughout a cultural programme is still valid today, but the initiative objectives have witnessed an evolution of the programme towards becoming a highly recognised development tool. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Therefore, the plan embraced and enhanced the major role of culture for individual and community education by conveying values for creating civic and critical conscience. .
Evans, G.,	Measure for measure: evaluating the evidence of culture’s contribution to regeneration.	Although introduced at a later stage, cultural interventions can make an impact on the regeneration process, enhancing the facilities and services that were initially planned. .
Lee, S., ; Chung, J., E.; Park, N.,	Linking Cultural Capital With Subjective Well-Being and Social Support: The Role of Communication Networks.	These findings indicate that consideration of the communicative perspective is a useful addition to the study of cultural capital in the context of assessing individuals subjective well-being and social support. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	Although introduced at a later stage, cultural interventions can make an impact on the regeneration process, enhancing the facilities and services that were initially planned. .
Blessi, G.T., ; Tremblay , D., G.; Sandri, M., ; Pilati, T.,	New trajectories in urban regeneration processes: Cultural capital as source of human and social capital accumulation – Evidence from the case of Tohu in Montreal	- Cultural regeneration, in which culture is a structural part of strategic planning, fully integrated in the improvement of the environmental, social and economic spheres. .
Gallou, E., ; Fouseki, K.,	Applying Social Impact Assessment (SIA) Principles in Assessing Contribution of Cultural Heritage to Social Sustainability.	Perceived impacts of heritage to social sustainability via participation were obtained through questions focusing on: specific changes in social behavior, use of social (infra) structures and civic participation (observed or experienced) realized as a result of participants activity in the project as well as changes in appreciation of heritage places evidenced through interactions with those (engagement in protection processes including conservation interpretation documentation, touristic and social use of heritage sites/use of outputs, etc.). .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	This could be helpful in understanding how the occupants perceive and interact with the heritage buildings. .
Morse N., Chatterjee H.	Museums, health and wellbeing research: co-developing a new observational method for people with dementia in hospital contexts	In order to understand the benefits of cultural programming for health, it is crucial to understand the situated contexts of each project partner and participant. .
Padilla-Llano S.E., Machado-Penso M.V., Reyes-Schade E., Larios-Giraldo P.M., Cabrera-Sánchez I., Martínez-Palacios E., González-Forero D., Tapias-Martínez J.	Barrio El Prado: A living museum for the city of Barranquilla Barrio el prado un museo vivo para la ciudad de Barranquilla.	However, this apprehension can be nuanced insofar as these interests, duly integrated into a reconversion or regeneration process, can have a positive impact on the positioning, validation and interest of culture as a significant instrument for improving living conditions. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	The reason that culture is so precious is it assists in the role of aiding mutual understanding, tolerance and increasing resilience amongst community groups but also presents the opportunity for inclusion, personal and economic growth and sustainability in cultural tourism terms 17 . .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Participation in the cultural life of the community is a human right. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Some projects, like Portsmouths home festival, promote intercultural understanding and help recognise the contribution of all sections of the community. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	The Council has an established commitment to the arts, and particularly to community-based developments, and is notable for the four seasons it promotes annually to extend access and participation in key areas. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	This creative localism constituted a support for public action as some sort of cultural regeneration avant-la-lettre. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	In our field research in communities around the country, we found that organizations that are key catalysts for both amateur and professional arts practice and collaborate with a range of arts and non-arts organizations as part of their programming are especially important for a communitys cultural vitality as we define it. .
Badham, M.,	Cultural Indicators: Tools for Community Engagement?	As citizens, we need to participate in the work of our own cultural development and community progress: getting involved and standing up for the things that are important to us..
Zhang Y., Kang S., Koo J.-H.	What is the critical factor and relationship of urban regeneration in a historic district?: A case of the Nanluoguxiang area in Beijing, China	In relation to culture-led urban regeneration in China, several factors were found to be important: the creation of unique landscape production through the preservation of historical assets, promotion of cultural identity, the reflection of the opinions of artists, and expansion of citizen participation. .
Marková B., Slach O.	Culture-led urban regeneration strategy from the governance perspective: A case study of Černá louka in Ostrava Governance kulturou tažené urbánní regenerace: Případová studie Cerná louka v Ostravě	The role of culture in this case is seen in the possibility of improving the quality of urban life; culture can contribute, in particular, to the formation of a stronger neighborhood identity and the strengthening of participation in public life (Ploger 2001: 68). .
Biondi L., Demartini P., Marchegiani L., Marchiori M., Piber M.	Understanding orchestrated participatory cultural initiatives: Mapping the dynamics of governance and participation	In this phase, participation might be regarded as one of the main goals of the cultural project. .
Newman A., Goulding A., Davenport B., Windle G.	The role of the visual arts in the resilience of people living with dementia in care homes	Included were sections on community belonging, relationships in the community and activities, including questions about the impact of the arts enrichment activity. .
Widodo J., Wong Y.C., Ismail F.	DIGITAL HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE METHODOLOGY for HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT of SINGAPORE	The publics exploration is highly valued, and interpretation strategies are aimed to encourage discourse. .
Peterson M.	Living with difference in hyper-diverse areas: how important are encounters in semi-public spaces? Vécu de la différence dans les quartiers hyper-divers : importance des rencontres dans les espaces semi-publics El vivir con lo diferente en zonas excesivamente diversas: ¿cuán importantes son los encuentros en espacios semi-públicos?	The restyled community-centre was expected to facilitate deeper forms of interaction. .
Yonas M.A., Burke J.G., Miller E.	Visual Voices: A Participatory Method for Engaging Adolescents in Research and Knowledge Transfer	Findings are reviewed and interpreted with participants and shared publicly to stimulate community discussions and local policy and practice changes. .
Lorenz L.	Addressing diversity in science communication through citizen social science	They work alongside communities to combine science and academia with experiential community knowledge, thus catalyzing collective action. .
Ryan H.E., Flinders M.	From senseless to sensory democracy: Insights from applied and participatory theatre	It gives the same benefits of escapism, a forum to put across a message, and a way to address issues, but it also provides an active way for the audience and community to become involved in the issues explored and form a sense of ownership. .
Maritz G.U., Coetzee M.-H.	Creative synergy: Using community theatre and appreciative inquiry for young peoples critical participation in HIV prevention and education	It also holds the opportunity to share these experiences with stakeholders that can enact further change. .
Laaksonen, A.,	Measuring Cultural Exclusion through Participation in Cultural Life.	Cultural Rights as a Framework for Participation Cultural rights are not just a curiosity in terms of legal aspects of the regulation of culture and its goods but are becoming a central theme in many social actions and programmes. .
Gallou, E., ; Fouseki, K.,	Applying Social Impact Assessment (SIA) Principles in Assessing Contribution of Cultural Heritage to Social Sustainability.	(I10/ C1 community member-volunteer) . was about getting people out to appreciate heritage and then telling the story of the cultural heritage they d see when they are looking at the landscape, when they experience it . because thats what landscapes are I guess . natural/cultural influences that make that landscape . . .
Australian Expert Group in Industry Studies , AEGIS,	Social impacts of Participation in the Arts and Cultural Activities	But in practice, many arts and cultural-related experiences are provided by institutions, both public and private, notably museums, galleries, archives and libraries. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	Some of these and other museums have actively developed their collections of popular music related material. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	Local cultural resources include cultural institutions and organisations, tangible and intangible heritage, festivals and cultural events, CCIs as well as artists and creative professionals (such as designers, architects and communication professionals). .
Widodo J., Wong Y.C., Ismail F.	DIGITAL HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE METHODOLOGY for HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT of SINGAPORE	Fourth, it will contribute to the tourist and those who are foreign to a particular heritage. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	In short, festivals have a cultural, economic and tourist dimension that is not new in essence, but it is new in terms of its expansion in recent years, which has aroused growing interest from the scientific c< Cultural festivals have an important relationship with the place where they are held, since, on the one hand, they are conditioned by the territory, its history and its people; and, on the other hand, they generate repercussions and impacts in the places where they are celebrated and organized. .
Hidalgo M.	Valuing the economic and social impact of the Carnival of Blacks and Whites of Pasto, Colombia Valoración del impacto económico y social del Carnaval de Negros y Blancos de Pasto, Colombia	It is also a space to contemplate and enjoy the majestic parades and cultural events that are public goods resulting from the ingenuity and creativity of hundreds of artisans and worshipers of this popular festival. .
Ander, E.; Thomson, L.; Lanceley, A.; Menon, U.; Noble, G.	Heritage, Health and Wellbeing: Assessing the impact of a heritage focused intervention on health and wellbeing.	For example, heritage objects have usually been collected because they are significant. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	It is just that the cultural riches of the Highlands and Islands remains strongly localised and so connected to place and to people. .
Tavano Blessi, G.; Grossi, E.; Sacco, P. L.; Piereti, G.; Ferilli, G.	The contribution of cultural participation to urban well-being. A comparative study in Bolzano/Bozen and Siracusa, Italy	One could say that the urban environment and the cultural sphere are typically close counterparts - cultural landmarks greatly contribute to the definition of the very identity of the city, whereas the city itself provides especially favorable conditions for cultural sectors to thrive. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	The very act of selecting which records represent a community is exclusive in that it recognizes some records as being more valuable to a community than others. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	These exhibitions are in part celebrations of local achievement while also being presentations of popular music as an important dimension of social history. .
Park J., Lee H., Yim S.	A case of preservation of the modern and regeneration of old downtown through civic participatory remodeling procedure: Experimentation in Gwangju, Korea	It was a significant progress providing citizens with a chance to conserve the historical value. .
Paschild C.	Community archives and the limitations of identity: Considering discursive impact on material needs	This promotion of a history by the people was beneficially symbiotic with a valuing of a history of the people. .
Ploner J., Jones L.	Learning to belong? ‘Culture’ and ‘place making’ among children and young people in Hull, UK City of Culture 2017	Similar to the younger children, teenagers referred to local history and heritage as important manifestations of culture and place, and something to be proud of. .
Evans G.	Participation and provision in arts & culture – bridging the divide	This means that local amenities are more important for these groups and serve dual social, cultural as well as economic purposes. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	Notwithstanding these limitations, the paper showed a wide range of positive experiences associated with community-based heritage conservation. .
Horton, S., ; Spence, J.,	Scoping the economic and social impact of archives.	It also represents a knowledge supply chain, where the archivist adds value to the record in producing archival products (finding aids / secondary resources), and users add further value through generation of research products, which through secondary consumption inform wider society. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	While supporting scholarly research and historical initiatives are important archival functions, there are many other activities that an archives can facilitate. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Archives contain massive quantities of information that can add value to existing organizational initiatives. .
Caswell M., Cifor M., Ramirez M.H.	to Suddenly Discover Yourself Existing: Uncovering the Impact of Community Archives 1	Our research points to ways in which these grass-roots memory projects change the nature of the archival endeavor by taking into account not only the evidential value of records, but their affective value (as manifested on epistemological, ontological, and social levels) as well. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	As a part of the Living Cultures project, musicians, BRA staff and community members indicated that visiting country provided them the opportunity to share history. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	Moreover, despite the heritage projects being predominantly led by older people, many in the wider community were able to participate and benefit too, through the active interpretation of exhibits and other products attached to the history of their local area and through attending talks and school workshops. .
Vettraino E., Linds W., Jindal-Snape D.	Embodied voices: using applied theatre for co-creation with marginalised youth	In addition, the workshops also connected youth to elders and cultural practices; they told us that these connections were also ways to learn about themselves. .
García, B., ; Melville, R., ; Cox, T.,	Creating an Impact: Liverpool’s Experience as European Capital of Culture	We need to capture the benefits of a focus on culture throughout this process and on an ongoing basis. .
Ratti, M.,	Outcome indicators for the cultural sector	Foundation grant programmes have done quite a lot for the advancement of the cultural sector. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Once described and preserved, it can be used to support cultural planning. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Further assistance in developing a community archival institution may be obtained through national and provincial archival support networks. .
Widodo J., Wong Y.C., Ismail F.	DIGITAL HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE METHODOLOGY for HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT of SINGAPORE	This tool will then allow for critical frameworks and processes of HIA that affect the shape of conservation strategies and urban planning for lasting contributions to Singapores heritage scene. .
Hsu K.-W., Lin M.-L., Chao J.-C., Huang S.-F.	Constructing an evaluation framework for eco-museum operations-management performance, based on the case of Jhushan, Taiwan	Such activity is at the core of cultural preservation as engaged in by eco-museums. .
Devesa M., Báez A., Figueroa V., Herrero L.C.	Economic and social impacts of cultural festivals. The case study of the Valdivia International Film Festival Repercusiones económicas y sociales de los festivales culturales: El caso del Festival Internacional de Cine de Valdivia	Examples of this trend are the recent effort in the restoration and enhancement of numerous heritage legacies; the museum boom of recent years; or the improvement of infrastructures of the performing arts, such as auditoriums, theaters and palaces for festivals and congresses. .
Padilla-Llano S.E., Machado-Penso M.V., Reyes-Schade E., Larios-Giraldo P.M., Cabrera-Sánchez I., Martínez-Palacios E., González-Forero D., Tapias-Martínez J.	Barrio El Prado: A living museum for the city of Barranquilla Barrio el prado un museo vivo para la ciudad de Barranquilla.	Institution, non-profit, whose purpose is the acquisition, conservation, study and exhibition to the public of objects of cultural interest. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	While not exactly new, these professions could bring fresh knowledge and strategic perspectives in the cultural sector, in order to reach new niches and/or increase participation among current audiences. .
Cortés-Rico, L., ; Piedrahita-Solórzano, G.,	Participatory Design in Practice. The Case of an Embroidered Technology.	In addition, these encounters allowed the co-creation of innovative and culturally representative artifacts. .
Badham, M.,	Cultural Indicators: Tools for Community Engagement?	Cultural Indicators have wide application and understanding of culture as a concept. .
Carney J.	Culture and mood disorders: The effect of abstraction in image, narrative and film on depression and anxiety	This will deliver the background knowledge needed for the subsequent engagement with specific modes of cultural representation. .
Caswell M., Migoni A.A., Geraci N., Cifor M.	‘To Be Able to Imagine Otherwise’: community archives and the importance of representation	The social impact of archives in particular manifests itself in issues surrounding the development of personal and community identity, the preservation of culture, broadening understandings of history and the positive representation of communities.34 .
Vardopoulos I., Stamopoulos C., Chatzithanasis G., Michalakelis C., Giannouli P., Pastrapa E.	Considering urban development paths and processes on account of adaptive reuse projects	Therefore, public understanding and engagement (participatory and interactive) with digital cultural data is considered to be particularly important. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	The fieldwork research was informed by conducting a review of literature on the impact of culture and heritage in social contexts, social inclusion and cultural diplomacy. .
Therese Berg I.	Participation to the people! Locating the popular in Rimini Protokolls Home Visit Europe	This broad definition opens for looking at participation as a phenomena that is historically and culturally contingent and across genres. .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	Furthermore, residents' perceived high economic status and favorable social relations channel through residents SWB to bolster their support for tourism..
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	Tourism brings positive impacts on residents SWB. .
Degen, M., ; Garcia, M.,	The Transformation of the ‘Barcelona Model’: An Analysis of Culture, Urban Regeneration.	Social cohesion as a project evolved in such a way as to accommodate diversity, whereas culture and tourism consolidated as economic assets. .
Notwithstanding this shortfall, when analysed and valued in a multi-dimensional, multi-attribute and multi-value socio-economic environment, cultural heritage is widely accepted as an important facet of society in providing cultural references for populations and local communities, and also as an economic asset that provides jobs through tourism (Mazzanti, 2002). .
Thompson J., Day J.	Understanding the impact and value of temporary public art sculpture trails	The true motivation of sponsors may be commercial, although there may still be a valuable outcome for charitable causes. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Community history is a form of historical research that is highly engaging to people from a variety of backgrounds. .
Brunow D.	Manchesters post-punk heritage: Mobilising and contesting transcultural memory in the context of urban regeneration	This is why the notion of transculturality can be a useful tool to analyse the diversity of cultural practices and the multidirectionality of memory within the same national or regional framework. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	Our focus was to represent how community-based heritage groups operate and to share the lessons learned. .
Breed A.	Environmental aesthetics, social engagement and aesthetic experiences in Central Asia	Exercises contained traditions, cultures, beliefs and stories to share the geographic and political landscapes of their environs. .
Horton, S., ; Spence, J.,	Scoping the economic and social impact of archives.	Archives are clearly very good at retaining users and developing their interests and expertise. .
Horton, S., ; Spence, J.,	Scoping the economic and social impact of archives.	For example, an academic researcher may use archival products to access archives, and produce an academic text as the resulting research product. .
Horton, S., ; Spence, J.,	Scoping the economic and social impact of archives.	It includes a section relating to visits to archives. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	For instance, archival records are used extensively by authors of historical fiction. .
Barelkowski R.	Involving social participation in the preservation of heritage: The experience of Greater Poland and Kujavia	Material evidence provides the opportunity to explore, to research, to touch, to acquire clues to understand the past. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Archives elsewhere in the world have undertaken research projects into potential community applications of archives and developed public programming initiatives that respond to local interests and priorities. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	People within a community can share their knowledge and experience with one another to create community-wide networks of information. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	By providing historical context to contemporary issues, archives can facilitate informed dialogue between community members with opposing viewpoints. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Archives can play a role in defining a community. .
Horgan D., Dimitrijević B.	Frameworks for citizens participation in planning: From conversational to smart tools	The tool helps community ecosystem comprised of multiple actors to collaborate, plan for and measure social impact. .
Widodo J., Wong Y.C., Ismail F.	DIGITAL HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE METHODOLOGY for HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT of SINGAPORE	Through civic engagement, it will facilitate intercultural dialogue by learning from communities about their histories, traditions, values, needs and aspirations (ibid). .
Shaw K.	Y21: Culture-led regeneration in twenty-first century UK city regions	By examining ways of expressing and articulating a common culture and concerns it awakened memories of the past as well as gave residents the chance to reflect on the identity of the place today and what narratives they wanted to pass on to the next generation of people who will live there and use the new community centre building. .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	The social context enabled participants to both approach and engage with the museum program; the program in turn fed back into this process to create change. .
Breed A.	Environmental aesthetics, social engagement and aesthetic experiences in Central Asia	Further, specific (embodied and emplaced) performing arts activities provide opportunities for communities to build longer-term strategies for engaging with and intervening in the political realities in which they live. .
Horton, S., ; Spence, J.,	Scoping the economic and social impact of archives.	The early development of archive provision was closely associated with the needs of an academic historical constituency; where the research products of this association, were also, for the most part, intended for academic consumption. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Archives may further assist educators by providing archival resources that are able to engage students on a variety of intellectual levels while simultaneously fostering a greater appreciation for Canadas history. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Many respondents to the community archival questionnaire identified working with local middle schools and high schools to develop educational programming as a key service an archives could provide. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Creating an archival institution in a classroom setting enables instruction of students to be linked with the ongoing development of the archives. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Thus, the PCI Archives is able to support both learning and archival objectives. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Rather, the PCI projects have enabled students to engage with archival resources in creative ways, resulting in the creation of several high-profile research projects. .
Caswell M., Cifor M., Ramirez M.H.	to Suddenly Discover Yourself Existing: Uncovering the Impact of Community Archives 1	These themes included the affective nature of archives, the social and personal impact of community archives, the role of community archives in the identity formation of marginalized groups, and the uses of community archives in academic teaching and research. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	These groups accessed a variety of skills-based training workshops from the universities including archival searching and storing data. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Archives can bring people together to confront the past. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	Age exchange used reminiscence arts, theatre and story-telling to explore memories, stories and experiences. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	(c) long-standing connections with local parks, schools, community centers, etc., that sponsor community arts and cultural activities. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	It also typically involves the creation of cultural products to conserve such heritage such as voice recordings of oral histories, poster exhibitions, heritage trails maps, books and murals. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	To have experienced it as part of a celebratory and legend-creating event was a wonderful experience with long lasting value. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	Secondly, it is well recognized that the past and its interpretation as local history or heritage confers social benefits. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Another noteworthy feature of the Nanaimo Community Archives is its ability to build the capacity for local historical research. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Respondents to the community archival questionnaire identified the sense of inclusion that stems from the common history retained in archives as an important contribution of their organizations. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	The social capital generated by archives can also contribute to the development of pride, heritage and respect.49 .
Caswell M., Migoni A.A., Geraci N., Cifor M.	‘To Be Able to Imagine Otherwise’: community archives and the importance of representation	Thats, I think, the power of some of these community-based archive projects. .
Douka S., Zilidou V.I., Lilou O., Manou V.	Traditional dance improves the physical fitness and well-being of the elderly	It also provided a strong sense of community as it allowed participants to showcase their cultural heritage (Cooper and Thomas, 2002). .
Australian Expert Group in Industry Studies , AEGIS,	Social impacts of Participation in the Arts and Cultural Activities	Cultural institutions mostly have goals which have little to do with social impact, focusing on heritage conservation and presentation (museums and galleries) or information storage and dissemination (libraries and archives). .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	These findings exemplify how arts-based practices can work as a conduit to facilitate learning about Aboriginal culture and history among Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people within remote regions of Australia. .
Currid, E., ; Williams, S.,	Two cities, five industries: Similarities and differences within and between cultural industries in New York and Los Angeles	Such notable clustering tendencies of cultural industries help inform future research and further enlighten our understanding of their location patterns..
Horton, S., ; Spence, J.,	Scoping the economic and social impact of archives.	In turn researchers use these sources to facilitate access to original archival materials, in order to produce a research product which adds value in the context of their particular purpose, and for the secondary consumers of the product. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	However, the perceived value of archives may grow because archival records contain large volumes of knowledge. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Furthermore, the local archives could provide a regional base where the knowledge of archivists and archival institutions in the area could be shared.18 Although the value of archives in protecting the cultural history of Nanaimo was obvious, many members of the community needed to be convinced of other possible positive roles archives could play in Nanaimo. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	The role of archivists and records managers as brokers of information and knowledge may be even more significant as the knowledge-based economy develops. .
Merli, P.,	Evaluating the social impact of participation in arts activities. A critical review of François Matarasso’s “Use or Ornament?”	We should therefore capitalise onand develop furtherthrough an interdisciplinary approach, the contributions of other important fields of research. .
Jewkes Y., Jordan M., Wright S., Bendelow G.	Designing ‘healthy’ prisons for women: Incorporating trauma-informed care and practice (TICP) into prison planning and design	Research on other institutional settings is useful here. .
Cantillon Z., Baker S.	DIY Heritage Institutions as Third Places: Caring, Community and Wellbeing Among Volunteers at the Australian Jazz Museum	Future research could expand the scope of this article by considering its key thematics in relation to mainstream, officially authorised heritage institutions, institutions focused on other (sub)cultural activities, and institutions in different locations across the globe. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	More attention should thus be paid to these aspects as important determinants of well-being that can be highlighted through interdisciplinary research. .
Erel U., Reynolds T., Kaptani E.	Participatory theatre for transformative social research	We argue that the methods are valuable for researchers generally as they can generate data beyond text and language based methods. .
Windle G., Newman A., Burholt V., Woods B., OBrien D., Baber M., Hounsome B., Parkinson C., Tischler V.	Dementia and Imagination: A mixed-methods protocol for arts and science research	The combination of arts and science in this research enables the generation of a broad range of data for an in-depth synthesis. .
Caswell M., Migoni A.A., Geraci N., Cifor M.	‘To Be Able to Imagine Otherwise’: community archives and the importance of representation	Social impact Interview subjects whose work was organized around preserving the histories of communities of colour described how, in contrast to mainstream repositories, community archives helped them see their families reflected in history, and as a result, they felt a sense of inclusion or social belonging. .
Caswell M., Cifor M., Ramirez M.H.	to Suddenly Discover Yourself Existing: Uncovering the Impact of Community Archives 1	The diversity of the collection is a key factor that made respondents feel welcome and represented in the archives. .
Vakkari, P., ; Serola, S.,	Perceived outcomes of public libraries	Respondents most frequently perceived benefits from library services for reading fiction and nonfiction, and for self-education. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Cognitive Benefits Types of Benefits and Populations Studied Studies of cognitive benefits focus on the development of learning skills and academic performance in school-aged youth.1 .
Pulimeno M., Piscitelli P., Colazzo S.	Children’s literature to promote students’ global development and wellbeing	In this paper, we carried out a review to examine pedagogic, didactic and psychological/therapeutic dimensions of childrens literature, with the aim of highlighting its role in promoting students holistic development and wellbeing. .
Pulimeno M., Piscitelli P., Colazzo S.	Children’s literature to promote students’ global development and wellbeing	Conclusion Childrens literature offers young people the possibility to acquire a system of values (educational role), to be engaged in motivating learning activities (didactic aspect), and to deal with inner conflicts and life difficulties (psychological value). .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	there was a culture of exploration, and children were encouraged to use books, images and other resources as pathways for thinking about and expressing feelings. .
Huysmans, F., ; Oomes, M.,	Measuring the public library's societal value: A methodological research program.	Mission statements show that libraries seek to strengthen their communities by offering guidance; inform, culturally enrich and empower citizens; contribute to democracy, promote cohesion and inclusion, support local identity, etc.14 A further step to better illustrate this story is to describe the products, services and activities employed/per-formed to realize or support the mission. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	The educational outreach programme of the Barbican, a key member of Culture Mile, builds working relationships with young people in disadvantaged neighbourhoods in east London. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Creative policymaking can promote participation and involvement, often of marginalised groups, and contributes to strengthening social ties among communities (KEA, 2006). .
Colby S.	Multicultural arts education in the post-secondary context?: Creating installation and performance art in surrey, Canada	In grounding students in literature that expanded their sense of linguistic identity and inclusiveness while giving them a great deal of artistic freedom, the project existed within the parameters of Stuhrs (1994) view of a multicultural education practice that enables students to participate in the processes of social reconstruction. .
Athens L.	Design for social sustainability at Seattles central library	One of the most basic ways for the Library to democratize technology is to increase public access to computers and to the Internet. .
Shim A., Yecies B., Ren X., Wang D.	Cultural intermediation and the basis of trust among webtoon and webnovel communities	Like many fan-based sites, Novel Updates goes beyond simply publishing webnovel content; it is also bringing together literary fans and building an active community. .
Pulimeno M., Piscitelli P., Colazzo S.	Children’s literature to promote students’ global development and wellbeing	Childrens literature still plays a crucial part in education as it provides knowledge and entertainment, representing a typical example of edutainment. .
Ylipulli J., Luusua A.	“Without libraries what have we? : Public libraries as nodes for technological empowerment in the era of smart cities, AI and big data	There, it can act as an artefact that further increases citizens knowledge of new technologies - demonstrating the scalability potential embedded in the library context. .
Cavanagh M.F., Robbins W.	Baby boomers, their elders and the public library	A number of ways respondents used the library as an informational place were identified: . .
Cole N., Stenström C.	The Value of California’s Public Libraries	Libraries provide access to all of these elements. .
Huysmans, F., ; Oomes, M.,	Measuring the public library's societal value: A methodological research program.	The overall purpose for using library computers is to perform both life-changing and routine tasks, such as finding work, applying for college, securing government benefits, and learn about critical medical treatments. .
Vakkari, P., ; Serola, S.,	Perceived outcomes of public libraries	Thus, the higher the education, the more benefits were perceived in cultural interests and career produced by public libraries. .
Cole N., Stenström C.	The Value of California’s Public Libraries	At a minimum, we must educate and train library staff to deliver the greatest value; support staff in the roles they are asked to play; and recruit, train, employ, and promote more diverse workers. .
Cole N., Stenström C.	The Value of California’s Public Libraries	(b) that libraries deliver social value within three umbrella categories, each with notable aspects: support for personal advancement, including knowledge and learning, economic benefits, and emotional and physical wellness; support for vulnerable populations, such as people experiencing homelessness, immigrants, veterans, early learners, and adult literacy learners; and support for community development, including crisis response and community resilience, social capital and generalized trust, social infrastructure, and public fund stewardship. .
Cole N., Stenström C.	The Value of California’s Public Libraries	Public libraries have a particular focus on the health and wellbeing of populations who may have difficulty accessing programs and resources at other organizations. .
Huysmans, F., ; Oomes, M.,	Measuring the public library's societal value: A methodological research program.	The study shows that libraries and librarians make a fundamental contribution to the communities in four key areas: overcoming the digital divide; creating informed communities; convenient and comfortable places of learning and building social capital. .
Huysmans, F., ; Oomes, M.,	Measuring the public library's societal value: A methodological research program.	To give an extreme example: an institution like a primary school might find that it benefits considerably from the librarys collections and its support in reading promotion activities. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	This is relevant given the emphasis placed on the role of libraries as a focal point, and a glue for community life, and on their explicitly increasing role in cultural regeneration.56 The effect of increased visibility57 is perhaps the most important achievement of this Programme. .
Chamberlain, D.; Heaps, D.; Robert, I.	Bibliotherapy and information prescriptions: a summary of the published evidence‐base and recommendations from past and ongoing Books on Prescription projects	The returns, however, do show, in some cases, a much deeper understanding of the positive outcomes for libraries, health services and more importantly the individual. .
Caswell M., Migoni A.A., Geraci N., Cifor M.	‘To Be Able to Imagine Otherwise’: community archives and the importance of representation	And so a library functions in support of the university, and they want big things. .
Ylipulli J., Luusua A.	“Without libraries what have we? : Public libraries as nodes for technological empowerment in the era of smart cities, AI and big data	Thus, as a societal program with a broad reach, the library system can represent a true boon for upscaling the participatory Virtual Library that was realized as a part of a timelimited project. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	They regularly challenge us and contribute to our intellectual growth by requiring us to be receptive to new experiences and to relate them to our own knowledge of the world. .
Thomson, L. J.; Lockyer, B.; Camic, P. M.; Chatterjee, H. J.	Effects of a museum-based social prescription intervention on quantitative measures of psychological wellbeing in older adults	Participants noted the importance of facilitators listening to our ideas and how helpful it was to feel intellectually challenged. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	It was hoped that the non-linear design of The Beat Goes On, along with a layering of information, would allow different entry points into the subject enabling visitors with a passing or more developed interest in a particular aspect to learn more. .
Bergqvist P., Punzi E.	“Living poets society”–a qualitative study of how Swedish psychologists incorporate reading and writing in clinical work	The openness simultaneously permits varying ways of incorporating reading and writing to be revealed. .
Yonas, M., A.; Burke, J., G.; Rak, K., ; Bennerr, A., ; Kelly, V., ; Gielen, A., C.	A Picture’s Worth a Thousand Words: Engaging Youth in CBPR Using the Creative Arts.	This process of group sharing can permit the other participants to reflect on their own similar thoughts and perspectives and contribute to a broader discussion. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	Such a forum enabled participants to debate and discuss a variety of ideas on the key issues in a flexible and open manner. .
Belfiore, E., ; Bennett, O.,	Beyond the “Toolkit Approach”: Arts Impact Evaluation Research and the Realities of Cultural Policy‐Making	They use research to help them think about issues and define the problematics of a situation, to gain new ideas and new perspectives. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	I aim to present the reader with thought-provoking statements and questions that will hopefully offer an interesting view of the subject. .
Landry, C., ; Bianchini, F.,	The Creative City	Instead we need to complement existing ways of thinking with new mindsets and additional methods for coping with change. .
Bianchini, F., ; Tommarchi, E., ; Hansen, L., E.	Problematising the question of participation in Capitals of Culture	Comparative efforts would put different experiences in conversation, allowing more critical interpretations to emerge and encouraging theory building. .
Picone I., Courtois C., Paulussen S.	When news is everywhere: Understanding participation, cross-mediality and mobility in journalism from a radical user perspective	Such insights offer more tangible ways for journalists to conceive possible new forms of telling stories to their audience while at the same time allow journalists and academics alike to break free from the often normative misconceptions about what kind of news people want and how they experience it in their daily life practices. .
Hunter R.F., Cleland C., Cleary A., Droomers M., Wheeler B.W., Sinnett D., Nieuwenhuijsen M.J., Braubach M.	Environmental, health, wellbeing, social and equity effects of urban green space interventions: A meta-narrative evidence synthesis	The findings of the review were presented to an independent/external audience that provided feedback and further in-depth insights into the findings; allowing the reviewers to utilise the responses in a way that guided further reflection and interpretation of the review findings. .
Abdulla S.	The art of inclusion: Contradictions affecting theatre for development interventions in Malawi	It gives them room to explore their ideas and reframe discourses that affect their lives. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	But that definition is intentionally loose so as to accommodate a very wide range of artistic work. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Community art is an emancipatory movement because it aims to democratise that rightthat is what it means by cultural democracy. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Art creates change, but it should be in the hands of the person who experiences it, not at the command of another, whether artist or funder. .
Harland, J., ; Kinder , K., ; Hartley, K.,	Arts in their view. A study of youth participation in the arts.	This suggests that the arts were seen as an area, unlike others, where young people dont feel restricted or constrained: everyone should be able to express themselves in the way they want', and finally the arts have built my self-expression'. .
Reynolds F., Vivat B., Prior S.	Womens experiences of increasing subjective well-being in CFS/ME through leisure-based arts and crafts activities: A qualitative study	What other inspirations do you express in your artwork? .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	The national Arts Councils have an essential leadership role to play here , as do Regional Arts Boards, local authorities and specialist agencies at local level, especially in developing links between communities, artists and public bodies. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	Importance of community consultation, involvement and ownership In arts projects, community consultation is important as it solicits the views of members of the community in terms of need and interest. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Arts experiences, by transporting symbols, provide citizens with references to interpret and position in the world and community life, which can forge political action. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	In this case, the benefits to the public arise from the collective effects that the arts have on individuals: Creation of social bonds. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The strategies we recommend for building arts involvement would help make these experiences accessible to greater numbers of Americans. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	One of the implications of this view of art as a communicative experience is that one must experience a work of art to appreciate its value. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	The creation process creates links and bonds with the communities; whereas the artists and the organisations are the medium that brings about contents and information. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	The synergy between artists and art organizations is paramount, in terms of facilitating and conveying creativity and as enrichers of cultural and artistic meaning: what artists do in the digital space must mirror the attitude of the real-life artistic approach. .
Blessi, G.T., ; Tremblay , D., G.; Sandri, M., ; Pilati, T.,	New trajectories in urban regeneration processes: Cultural capital as source of human and social capital accumulation – Evidence from the case of Tohu in Montreal	There is also an exhibition area, where visual art exhibitions and community activities are organized. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	The greatest positive impact occurred when the artistic abilities in the group were stretched to achieve the shared artistic vision, and this vision was creatively communicated to audiences. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	It connects artists to neighbourhood groups and catalyses partnerships to attract visitors to areas beyond the Citys central business district. .
Moody, E., ; Phinney, A.,	A community-engaged art program for older people: fostering social inclusion.	The seniors were more likely to identify themselves as artists and therefore to connect with this community. .
Moody, E., ; Phinney, A.,	A community-engaged art program for older people: fostering social inclusion.	Beyond the opportunity to interact in new ways across generations, the artwork itself provided a tangible artifact that was used by the seniors to engage in public space, providing for them an increased level of social visibility. .
Koebner I.J., Fishman S.M., Paterniti D., Sommer D., Witt C.M., Ward D., Joseph J.G.	The art of analgesia: A pilot study of art museum tours to decrease pain and social disconnection among individuals with chronic pain	Experience During the Tour Participants generally experienced Art Rx as a positive experience that facilitated a sense of social connection, citing it as aesthetic, validating, engaging, educational, and restorative. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	For this feature, it can not be replicated elsewhere as it is, but is very useful in order to understanding the relationships that the recovery of public space configured by social art can activate between people, place and community and the processes of involvement of local communities. .
Nyamathi A., Slagle A., Thomas A., Hudson A., Kahilifard F., Avila G., Orser J., Cuchilla M.	Art messaging to engage homeless young adults.	Art has been shown to be an empowering and engaging entity with numerous benefits to vulnerable populations, including the homeless persons and young adults. .
Nyamathi A., Slagle A., Thomas A., Hudson A., Kahilifard F., Avila G., Orser J., Cuchilla M.	Art messaging to engage homeless young adults.	The intent of this study is to elaborate on the evidence to date indicating that homeless young adults are interested in and benefit from art messaging. .
Sextou P., Smith C.	Drama is for Life! Recreational Drama Activities for the Elderly in the UK	When asked what can be gained from participation in the arts, the facilitator of the group stated that It brings people together and it makes them feel part of something for the time that theyre here and beyond. .
Tischler V., Howson-Griffiths T., Hedd-Jones C.H., Windle G.	Using art for public engagement: reflections on the Dementia and Imagination project	In both instances, the installations provided a way to utilise art to communicate and share the research with a wider audience. .
Gowda D., Dubroff R., Willieme A., Swan-Sein A., Capello C.	Art as Sanctuary: A Four-Year Mixed-Methods Evaluation of a Visual Art Course Addressing Uncertainty Through Reflection	Exploration of multiple points of view Students acknowledged that engagement with art in groups resulted in appreciating the value of multiple points of view. .
Collette N.	Art therapy and cancer Arteterapia y cáncer	All this artistic material is very valuable to read the messages sent by the works, catalyze communication and the bond between patient and art therapist, ex mourn the experiences, recognize them, understand them better and also legitimize the hard life experience that the sick person and their family are enduring. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	Art also afforded participants valued connections with the world outside the home and immediate family. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	there is a vast ecosystem of artists, social organisations, community art groups, development workers, educators and activists making participatory and community art locally. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	the theory and practice of participation in contemporary art varies enormously, but the artist is in controlconceiving, planning, organizing and instigating a work in which others are then invited to take part. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	The implications of this for planning how to assess the outcomes of projects led to a decision to focus this stage of the research on participatory arts projects, but taking an inclusive approach with room not just for community arts but for voluntary and amateur activity. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	One of these tools is the use of participatory arts projects. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	The research established that arts projects: are versatile, flexible and wide ranging in the activities they can offer; can be used in training and employment; are attractive to young people; are non-threatening to the most marginalized and excluded in society; are good at encouraging economic investment; can be used in the development of communities through active citizenship and increased involvement in other community-base projects. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	The providers of these cultural activities are mostly schools offering arts programmes in school periods through teachers and arts professionals. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	In fact, a meaningful part of the programme focused on creating artistic experiences for citizen engagement, through projects such as story-telling (where people were invited to host an open story telling evening in their homes) or the closing ceremony You are Part of It, which involved the local population. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	In these centres the programmatic content is developed in order to attract people by supplying cultural experiences, and once the public establish a relationship with the institution they are offered other activities and stimulus, recognised as missing in peoples lives, like physical activities or nutritional programmes. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Early exposure is often key to developing long-term involvement in the arts. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	During four years, the network implemented various actions willing to develop audiences and citizen participation in artistic choices and creation processes, including participatory programming groups, participative residencies, and digital participation. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	We also focused on adding more after-performance debates with artists, as well as opportunities to discuss works in progress. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	At other times, they become involved in a community giving presentations, workshops, or collaborating with local artists, audience of the hosting place, groups of citizens. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Furthermore, hosting creative work-in-progress projects will certainly help us in audience engagement, as long as our active spectators will be invited to join the residencies in different forms. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The input by the participants/audience that are part of the development and artistic process should be made more visible and acknowledged appropriately by organisations and artists. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	It is a responsibility of the network and the artists that we work with, to keep developing new models of participation and creating active spectators adding one more layer of innovative thinking about participatory working methods. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	A successful interaction between artists and audience The keys for a successful interaction between artists and audience during creative residencies are two: on the one hand, it is necessary an artist who is really convinced that meeting with people outside his/her working group can bring a nourishment to his/her creative process; on the other hand, it is necessary that the organisation taking care of the relationship between artists and audience, knows how to stimulate the audience to be actively involved in creative processes while in progress. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The workshop is/will be open to professionals from the field of performing arts. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The notion of participatory audience practices concerns different levels of involvement, and artistic experimentation with digital technologies leads to a new understanding of the active role of audiences and eventually their impact on artists creative process. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The different social platforms became entry doors to the project for different kinds of audiences interested in different topics or artists, or simply fascinated by some videos or images. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The auspice for the future is to extend the range of the initiative, involving even more spectators, professionals, artists, citizens in different European countries, with the aim to continue connecting people in the name of performing arts. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	We find the following modalities, with varying frequency levels at our operators: Public training sessions; The participation upstream in the creation of shows (interaction with the artist, documentation); The participation of spectators as performers in participatory performances or collective creation; The participation of volunteers in welcoming artists; The participation of volunteers in production tasks; The participation of volunteers in communication tasks (social networks, web, media relations, translations, etc.). .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Therefore, by engaging with this project, we had the chance to further the debate around these topics, and introducing Italian cultural operators to this open and meaningful discussion on the role of active participation as an approach which is undertaken specifically to meet the needs of existing and potential audiences, visitors and participants and to help arts organisations to develop ongoing relationships with them. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Sometimes residents become quite involved in a community giving presentations, workshops, or collaborating with local artists or the general public. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The aim is to receive feedback from audience members and encourage them to join the discussion with the artist during the creation process including early stages, ideas, inspiration material, etc. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Audience development can be understood in various ways, depending on its objectives and target groups (Bollo et al., 2017): increasing audiences (attracting audiences with the same sociodemographic profile as the current audience); deepening relationship with the audiences (enhancing the experience of the current audiences in relation to a cultural event and/or encouraging them to discover related or even non-related, more complex art forms, thus fostering loyalty and return visits); diversifying audiences (attracting people with a different sociodemographic profile than the current audiences, including people with no previous contact with the arts). .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The aim is to extend the participation to the spectators command of art work. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	In the frame of Be SpectACTive!, it refers to the process of generating digital content before, during and after an artistic residency which is primarily produced for the Be SpectACTive! online platform in order to encourage a high degree of interactive experience (see above) with audience members. .
McDonnell, B., ; Shellard, D.,	Social impact study of UK theatre	In the best of this work there is a creative dialogue between company and community, and between artists and participants. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	Community arts programs almost universally involve community members in a creative activity leading to a public performance or exhibit. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Our new work continues to support and encourage the inclusion of arts and culture indicators in quality of life measurement systems and in efforts to explain community dynamics and conditions. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	We also learned that the Internet can be a significant portal to cultural venues and can facilitate certain kinds of cultural engagement, such as experiencing web-based artwork, discussing artwork and the creative process, and participating in some web-based art-making efforts such as story collages. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	Finally, we have learned that validation and critical discussion of a range of artistic and cultural practices via media including print, electronic, and web-based (all of which help connect amateur and professional artists to peer networks and expose arts to the general public)both mainstream and nonmainstreamare a form of cultural participation that impact subsequent participation.17 The types of evidencequalitative and/or quantitativepeople should look for in measuring participation include the presence and incidence of enrollment in art schools or university-based arts programs membership in professional arts associations or unions activity related to recreational arts practice18 such as enrollment in arts training programs in a range of venues; participation in arts activities in places such as dance clubs and exercise studios as well as in night clubs (e.g., open mike); and membership in arts clubs or leagues purchase of artistic materials (to make art) collective art-making practice vis-a-vis participation in festivals or other cultural community events child involvement in arts education in K-12 and afterschool arts programs audience participation in different kinds of venues public discourse about arts and cultural practices in newspapers and electronic media (television, radio, web) Support for Arts and Cultural Activity When considering financial support for the arts, policymakers, funders, and researchers have tended to emphasize public and philanthropic sources of support for the nonprofit arts sector. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	There were examples of projects -Fashion and ID and Residence - where participants engaged in participatory arts activities and were later encouraged to attend venues where their work was exhibited. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	Organisations Artworks-mk is an organisation that supports and promotes participation, learning and development through arts and crafts activities, projects, and events in Milton Keynes. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	The Participatory Turn in Cultural Policy: Paradigms, Models, Contexts.	Individuals or audience groups participate in the process of creation and interpretation of a performing art piece proposed and lead by an artist, through a more or less intensive interaction process. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	The aim of this project is to increase cultural democracy by giving people the opportunity to talk to artists and commission public artworks. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	We could imagine, for example, that cultural institutions organize the commissioning of participatory artistic residencies in collaboration with groups of inhabitants and/or spectators? .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	The interactive role of participatory creative residences: the artist, the venue and the audience perspective. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Thus, participation depends -to some extent- on the decisions (and the ability) of the artists (and venues) to foster audience participation. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	For example: how does a venue choose an artistic experimental company to invite people for participative processes? .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Artists tend to feel that they should be able to participate in this discussion. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Communication is key in defining roles and guidelines for artists and audiences, and also for accessibility of audiences through innovation. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	From the ideas expressed in the workshops, it is clear that artistic programming with active spectators entails many challenges. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	However, the notions of participatory audience practices concern various levels of involvement, and artistic experimentation with digital technologies leads to a new understanding of the active role of audiences and eventually their impact on the artists creative process. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	In recent years, cultural policies at the European level, and even at national and local levels, have encouraged the cultural sector to adopt audience-centric approaches, to enlarge and diversify audiences. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	One of the biggest challenges of a participatory approach is to get citizens involved and receive their legitimation of the artistic participatory processes, opening these to the local community. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Speakers and delegates exchanged ideas about what it means for audiences to participate actively in the arts, to co-produce artistic outputs and experiences, to get involved in aspects of programming and management, and to be politically and organisationally empowered. .
Markusen , A., ; Godwa, A.,	Arts and Culture in Urban or Regional Planning: A Review and Research Agenda	Most have public arts programming, including commissioned public art and support for cultural events. .
Jancovich, L.,	Great art for everyone? Engagement and participation policy in the arts	New artists and new art forms have been brought into the fold, some of which are bringing new audiences with them. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Exhibition Road Cultural Groups annual schools event encourages young people to consider creative careers and to engage with the districts cultural and university institutions, with a particular focus on reaching schools in less prosperous areas. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Learning focuses on developing the link between creative learning and social mobility among Londons young people, while Communities, led by the LSO and working across the project, provides arts participation opportunities for residents within the City and adjacent boroughs. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Community groups have special access to ACMs arts programmes as do school groups to explore the performing arts. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	This study uncovered many participatory arts programs designed around specific goals such as social justice, social activism or giving voice to disenfranchised communities. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	THE AUDIENCE INVOLVEMENT SPECTRUM At the core of participatory arts practice is the nature and extent of the audience members involvement in the artistic experience. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	3. Participatory Arts Events Includefestivals and events that celebrate the creative spirit through the act of making art. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	These events encourage artistic participation from anyone and everyone willing to participate. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	These performance events activate a profound level of interaction between audience and artist, involving the audience in the creative process. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	10. Participatory Arts Networks Represent organizations finding ways to facilitate art-making in their communities through events or by providing platforms from which people can engage. .
Leonard, M.,	Exhibiting Popular Music: Museum Audiences, Inclusion and Social History	The development of the exhibition was informed, influenced and assisted by working with individuals including musicians, artists, fans and collectors. .
Bianchini, F., ; Tommarchi, E., ; Hansen, L., E.	Problematising the question of participation in Capitals of Culture	Firstly, participation may mean engagement in cultural events, intended as audience engagement by spectators. .
Jackson, A., ; McManus, R.,	SROI in the art gallery; valuing social impact	As well as hosting exhibitions by internationally significant artists, the gallery also delivers a programme of workshops and activities. .
Lamontagne C., Palardy L.	Les impatients: A fragrance of health Les Impatients: Un parfum de santé	This organization offers people with mental health problems the opportunity to create freely in various artistic expression workshops : visual art, writing , comics , music and dance. .
Środa-Murawska S.	Railway feat. culture – Rumia library effect as an example of the influence of culture-led regeneration in a medium-sized city in Poland	The Culture Station attracts residents because it is a place of cyclical theatrical, comic book, photographic and creative workshops. .
Pastak I., Kährik A.	The impacts of culture-led flagship projects on local communities in the context of post-socialist tallinn	Furthermore, participation in events exhibitions, workshops, performances, etc.and use of the appropriate spaces were considered important by the interviewees. .
Pastak I., Kährik A.	The impacts of culture-led flagship projects on local communities in the context of post-socialist tallinn	For the public to know more about the Creative Hub, events should be held here through which the locals begin to learn more about it. .
Comunian R., Mould O.	The weakest link: Creative industries, flagship cultural projects and regeneration	Practices such as the promotion of local producers, the commissioning of creative work, directing visitors to smaller workshops; these initiatives can all help in creating a direct causal link. .
Biondi L., Demartini P., Marchegiani L., Marchiori M., Piber M.	Understanding orchestrated participatory cultural initiatives: Mapping the dynamics of governance and participation	Various international agencies, NGOs, think tanks, and social platforms involved in fostering the arts and culture have recommended principles of good governance to increase public participation in cultural projects. .
Monsuez J.-J., François V., Ratiney R., Trinchet I., Polomeni P., Sebbane G., Muller S., Litout M., Castagno C., Frandji D.	Museum moving to inpatients: Le louvre à l’hôpital	Patients were encouraged participating to guided art discussions, to workshops, and to visits at the Louvre while not confined to bed. .
Saavedra J., Arias S., Crawford P., Pérez E.	Impact of creative workshops for people with severe mental health problems: art as a means of recovery	Users with more experience participating in the workshops express an increase in their general cultural level and a better knowledge of artists and styles. .
Wilson L., Bryant W., Reynolds F., Lawson J.	Therapeutic outcomes in a museum? “You dont get them by aiming for them”. How a focus on arts participation promotes inclusion and well-being	There had been requests from people involved in local mental health arts projects to be involved in the museums programmes and this project aimed to create such an opportunity for them. .
Ketch R.A., Rubin R.T., Baker M.R., Sones A.C., Ames D.	Art appreciation for veterans with severe mental illness in a VA Psychosocial Rehabilitation and Recovery Center	Community integration, as opposed to institutionalization, is the goal of recovery, and the Art Appreciation class includes both classroom sessions and community outings. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Downtown Eastside artists are invited to present alongside artists ranging from cultural treasures to students. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Its built because theres also workshops associated with the festival which engage with different parts of the community... .
Colby S.	Multicultural arts education in the post-secondary context?: Creating installation and performance art in surrey, Canada	Furthermore, it allowed them to present their ideas, through installation and performance art, to the University and greater community in a way that fostered both theoretical discussion and the more intimate sharing of stories and experiences. .
Meehan E.	Immersive performance and somatic practices: Joan davis and the maya lila project	Such works immerse audiences and performers in sensory, site-based and participatory performance. .
Macchia T., DAndrea V., Mazzini R., Di Fiore A., Cozza M.	Exploring theater of the oppressed for participatory design	On the other hand, the live performance prepared with the workshop participants could be offered to the conference community at large. .
Tischler V., Howson-Griffiths T., Hedd-Jones C.H., Windle G.	Using art for public engagement: reflections on the Dementia and Imagination project	Aesthetic outputs D&I, as a visual arts research study, has provided a host of visual materials to share: from art work created by participants during the art groups, to a number of creative workshops and installations. .
Hanna G.P., Noelker L.S., Bienvenu B.	The arts, health, and aging in America: 2005-2015	Museums and performing arts organizations are expanding arts education opportunities to include summer camps for older adults and evening continuing education classes. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	It may be that participatory arts projects can help institutions of all kinds to accept the imperfections which come with creativity, and which let the light get in. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	These humanising theories attributed to the aesthetic experience by past interpretations, set a link between artistic activities and individual and community progress. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	This process of social conversation and reflection boosted by the arts is closely related with the Bygren et al. advocacy of the importance of dialogue in a visual art experiment to boost effects on health conditions (Bygren et al. 2013). .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Beyond that culture conciliates affinities in the diversity of identities, stimulates a pluralist and democratic society. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Moreover, manifestations of collective identity are crucial to communicating other value systems and to know how to live and behave in a pluralistic society, by encouraging tolerance towards differences. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	That is to say, on the aim of the time spent in the location, as precisely defined by and oriented to an exchange between participants and artists. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Spectators can nurture any artistic process, if they face the artist with respect and desire to listen to his/her vision. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	We are trying to make the artists consider their creation not only as the expression of their personal needs, but also as the expression of a social vision, as the result of the communitys thoughts and sensibility, of which the artist is the most sensitive medium, and not the one and only generator. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Images, video, pictures, text messages are mixed up in order to find easy and intuitive ideas for developing the relationship and engaging with audiences and users: artists stimuli became the starting point to develop co-creative solutions, offering diversified opinions, feedback, suggestions and new ideas for the artists themselves. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	In the framework of this convergence, one of the most frequent challenges is represented by creative clashes between performing arts companies and participants, namely all those experiences where different reactions and point views of creators and audiences need to be overcome, in order to produce synergies and interaction between both sides. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	This includes what are seen as instrumental social objectives such as health or social inclusion, but they also embrace social impacts more fundamentally linked to cultural engagement, such as reflectiveness, understanding people from other backgrounds, community cohesiveness, imagination and innovation. .
Tymoszuk U., Perkins R., Fancourt D., Williamon A.	Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between receptive arts engagement and loneliness among older adults	Further research is needed to investigate the differences between art forms and cultural venues in opportunities for social inclusion and shared experiences facilitating positive social contact of older adults. .
Koebner I.J., Fishman S.M., Paterniti D., Sommer D., Witt C.M., Ward D., Joseph J.G.	The art of analgesia: A pilot study of art museum tours to decrease pain and social disconnection among individuals with chronic pain	Participants highlighted three specific components of the group dynamic as contributing to a sense of social connection: the ability to bring family members or friends, the docent-facilitated discussion of the art works, which involved hearing new perspectives, and the encouragement to express ones own views. .
Wilson L., Bryant W., Reynolds F., Lawson J.	Therapeutic outcomes in a museum? “You dont get them by aiming for them”. How a focus on arts participation promotes inclusion and well-being	Shared experiences The relationship between the original artworks and the participants responses was a focus for some comments: This project seems to have revealed something in the artists. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	new ideas in art can produce shifts in cultural values. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	Peoples enthusiastic and varied participation in art should not be doubted. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	There are many interpretations today on what quality means in the performing arts field. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	In this sense, it is possible to talk about qualities of the artistic work, as there are multiple aspects to take into account in the evaluation process. .
Jancovich, L.,	Great art for everyone? Engagement and participation policy in the arts	But across the public sector the shift in thinking and in recognising the need to engage with a wider range of voices has had an impact within cultural policy. .
Stern, M., J.	Measuring the Outcomes of Creative Placemaking	Art helps to take a perspective which is not necessarily yours. .
Ketch R.A., Rubin R.T., Baker M.R., Sones A.C., Ames D.	Art appreciation for veterans with severe mental illness in a VA Psychosocial Rehabilitation and Recovery Center	In this class, veterans have been exposed to a wide range of cultures in their exploration of art. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The arts experience does not just engage the individuals emotions and intellect; it also is a social experience and often occurs in the company of others. .
Hanna G.P., Noelker L.S., Bienvenu B.	The arts, health, and aging in America: 2005-2015	This approach engages older adults in arts participation not only as audience members, but as vital members of their community through creative expression focusing on life stories for intergenerational as well as interprofessional collaboration. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	Responses varied greatly, from being a form of entertainment, to something that is beautiful and meaningful, as well as a means of connection with others, and a way to associate life experiences. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	But such conceptual tools have value insofar as they help us think about what we are doing and why; its effects and consequences; its value to ourselves and to others; ways in which it might be different or better; and other, equally restless questions raised by participatory art practice. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	People working in the arts and in social fields may wish to consider how evaluation of their work might contribute to tackling such questions. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Based on our study, we recommend a number of steps the arts community might take to redirect its emphasis, shifting it toward the promotion of satisfying arts experiences: Develop language for discussing intrinsic benefits. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	This immediate encounter becomes enriched by reflection upon it: the aesthetic experience is not limited to passive spectator-shipit typically stimulates curiosity, questioning, and the search for explanation. .
Belfiore, E., ; Bennett, O.,	Rethinking the Social Impacts of the Arts	A clearer understanding of the intellectual origins of contemporary claims for the arts can help to restore an element of depth to present cultural policy debates. .
Belfiore, E., ; Bennett, O.,	Beyond the “Toolkit Approach”: Arts Impact Evaluation Research and the Realities of Cultural Policy‐Making	In order to do so, the article builds on and develops the insights we have gained from our previous work around the challenges, both theoretical and methodological, posed by the attempt to develop a rigorous approach to articulate and evaluate the alleged social impacts resulting from engagement with the arts, and presents a critical discussion of the role of evidence in cultural policy-making. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	So artistic practice, as a kind of social interaction, also relies on these frames of interpretation that go beyond the immediate intention of the spectator. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.	Measuring the intrinsic impacts of arts attendance	In several focus group tests for face validity, participants commented that the survey instrument serves an educational purpose, in that it defines a new way of thinking critically about an arts experience. .
Galloway, S.,	Theory-based evaluation and the social impact of the arts	This is worth discussing in more detail because it relates to one of the key methodological issues raised in the social impact of the arts literature, on which TBE has something important to contribute. .
Hacking, S.; Secker, J.; Spandler, H.; Kent, L.; Shenton, J.	Evaluating the impact of participatory art projects for people with mental health needs.	In each case, there was an element of significant support for an arts participation effect from our analyses, suggesting that this merits further research, taking into account the methodological issues we have raised. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	Carers from more advantaged backgrounds and with lengthier experience of art-making might have offered richer accounts of the meanings of this creative activity. .
Saavedra J., Arias S., Crawford P., Pérez E.	Impact of creative workshops for people with severe mental health problems: art as a means of recovery	In other words, what is observed here is an interpretive and critical style characteristic of what might be called artistic discourse genre. .
Wilson L., Bryant W., Reynolds F., Lawson J.	Therapeutic outcomes in a museum? “You dont get them by aiming for them”. How a focus on arts participation promotes inclusion and well-being	Seeing in a different way Many visitors found the exhibition inspiring and thought-provoking and were inspired by the talent evident in the artwork: Wonderful and thought provoking exhibition helps us all stop for a minute and think about our world differently. .
Wilson L., Bryant W., Reynolds F., Lawson J.	Therapeutic outcomes in a museum? “You dont get them by aiming for them”. How a focus on arts participation promotes inclusion and well-being	Sharing and reflecting on the different ways of responding was thought-provoking for participants and public alike, challenging assumptions about disability, modern art and participation in the arts. .
Paddon H.L., Thomson L.J.M., Menon U., Lanceley A.E., Chatterjee H.J.	Mixed methods evaluation of well-being benefits derived from a heritage-in-health intervention with hospital patients	Qualitative investigation revealed thinking and meaning-making opportunities for participants engaged with objects. .
Deane K., Fitch M., Carman M.	An innovative art therapy program for cancer patients.	The role of the facilitator was to assist in the interpretation of a participant's drawing in order to reveal meaning in the art. .
Langdridge D., Gabb J., Lawson J.	Art as a pathway to impact: Understanding the affective experience of public engagement with film	With the above in mind, a key element in this project concerned the ability to determine how we might best make sense of the processes underpinning the impact of the artwork, particularly its affective impact and mode of engagement with the audience. .
Young R., Camic P.M., Tischler V.	The impact of community-based arts and health interventions on cognition in people with dementia: A systematic literature review	It is possible that intellectual stimulation was the result of complex discussions and sustained engagement which occurred during art-viewing. .
Windle G., Gregory S., Newman A., Goulding A., OBrien D., Parkinson C.	Understanding the impact of visual arts interventions for people living with dementia: A realist review protocol	The aim of the survey was to build an understanding of the topic area through utilising the stakeholder perspectives to identify how and why arts programmes are effective. .
Goulding A.	How can contemporary art contribute toward the development of social and cultural capital for people aged 64 and older	Debating in this way is an important development because while participants seemed to be enjoying reminiscence stimulated by the art, reflecting on contemporary ideas presented in the art may be more constructive. .
Scott S.D., Brett-MacLean P., Archibald M., Hartling L.	Protocol for a systematic review of the use of narrative storytelling and visual-arts-based approaches as knowledge translation tools in healthcare.	The findings from this review illustrated further need for clarification regarding the utility of arts-based methods. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	They also show up as secondary contributions to the local economy through the multiplier effect, which refers to induced, or spillover, benefits resulting from the additional (non-arts) economic activity (jobs and purchases) produced by economic activity in the arts sector. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	The cultural economics literature does not limit itself solely to the direct and indirect economic benefits of the arts by focusing on the types of quantitative economic benefits that result from increased employment and spending, higher tax revenues, and the ability of the arts to attract particular types of firms and workers and thus promote local economic development. .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	Residents' economic status positively influences their subjective well-being by positively influencing .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	(In this sense, the arts are said to be an export industry to the extent that they bring in money from outside the local economy.) .
Cole N., Stenström C.	The Value of California’s Public Libraries	It protects our democracy and contributes to economic growth. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	With the function from personal emotions to community belonging, art contributes to producing new value creation circuits, linked to sharing capacity and cooperative, which in turn introduces new forms of wealth creation. .
Guachalla A.	Social inclusion and audience development at the Royal Opera House: a tourist perspective	This suggests that by enabling different mechanisms to recognise and include previously excluded members of society, they in turn become assets through these developmental processes as they seek to participate and contribute economically to activities that were not originally pursued. .
Reynolds F., Vivat B., Prior S.	Womens experiences of increasing subjective well-being in CFS/ME through leisure-based arts and crafts activities: A qualitative study	Psychological acceptance released more active coping strategies which included reframing their leisure time, and exploring certain feasible artistic pursuits. .
Saavedra J., Arias S., Crawford P., Pérez E.	Impact of creative workshops for people with severe mental health problems: art as a means of recovery	In their opinion, in the groups of users with an intermediate degree of autonomy, there is a more evident improvement in overall health and psychological well-being. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	But if the impact of participating in the arts can change people and communities they have the potential to change society. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Moreover, the enhancement of social capital and the empowerment of communities with organizational skills explain culture and the arts role on sustainable community development by inducing dense system of networks. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	These kinds of actions use to contribute to the strengthening and even to a certain expansion of existing relationships with the audience. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	For Arts Centre Melbourne (ACM), building a strong and cohesive community is one of its core objectives and involves community-led arts activity to develop social capital, especially through cross-cultural and intergenerational understanding. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	The political and convening strength of the cultural district could ensure that the delicate ecosystem for creative, technological and social innovation thrived, including its capacity to accelerate creative collision between sectors. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	The integration between art and built environment, which in the past has always characterized public places, becomes the driver of implementing new forms of communication between culture and communities and regenerating both the material culture, and social capital. .
Quek, L., H.; White, A.; Low, C.; Brown, J.; Dalton, N.; Dow, D.; Connor, J., P.	Good choices, great future: An applied theatre prevention program to reduce alcohol‐related risky behaviours during Schoolies.	The youth-oriented nature of pop culture used within the applied theatre program also helps to engage young people. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Moreover, once more, there are mainly the cultural activities, like attending the theatre, dance shows, reading books, visiting craft fairs, attending popular festivals or poetry sessions that tend to have a significant positive association with having cooperated with neighbours to solve a community problem. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Mainly thanks to a Facebook campaign, we could reach more people interested in contemporary dance and culture in general. .
Harland, J., ; Kinder , K., ; Hartley, K.,	Arts in their view. A study of youth participation in the arts.	4. A socialising motive I participate in the arts because ... of its social benefits, meeting and making friends Participation in certain art forms (e.g. drama, music) was often registered as having social benefits, and certainly social aspects appeared to contribute to dramas high ranking popularity as a schoolbased activity. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	Theater, music, dance and storytelling programs that involve audience members in an artistic capacity also qualify as co-creation. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	6. Public Dance Events Activate the moving spirit and social camaraderie through dance. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	A culture for all perspective - how to develop the right partnerships between cities, cultural operators and citizens. .
Bernard M., Rickett M., Pruchno R.	The cultural value of older peoples experiences of theater-making: A review	These four dimensions of cultural value are threaded through with indications that involvement in theater and drama can help shape reflective individuals, promote understanding of others, and stimulate civic and community engagement. .
Kabel A., Teti M., Zhang N.	The art of resilience: photo-stories of inspiration and strength among people with HIV/AIDS	These four dimensions of cultural value are threaded through with indications that involvement in theater and drama can help shape reflective individuals, promote understanding of others, and stimulate civic and community engagement. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	For example, the presences and performances of a multicultural theater may reinforce norms about multiculturalism and diversity or free expression..
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	This chapter defines musical expressions broadly, to include any form of human expression involving music, such as theatre or dance. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Most of the Sesc units have an auditorium where performances and theatre workshops are delivered for a growing audience; these activities usually provide opportunities for amateurs to meet and to develop their own theatre groups, which sometimes give performances (SESC Sao Paulo 1997). .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Throughout the Be SpectACTive! four-year project, theatres and festivals have been relating communities, citizens and artists across countries, becoming hubs where people and ideas have been meeting. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	First of all, thanks to the creative residencies involving local citizens, we received a significant input to organise other types of meetings and active programmes, such as open rehearsals with well-known Hungarian choreographers and international companies, dance workshops, and activities based on theatrical games. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	We are aiming to find new ways of connecting artists to audiences, by means of creating opportunities for them to be in communication for an extended period of time compared to the usual short audience artists interaction during a performance presented as a finished work. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Some theatres and auditoriums, and to a lesser extent also festivals, also offer the opportunity to attend open rehearsals, or presentation of works in progress, like at the end of a creative residency, extracts, etc. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Active viewers (followers) can see the shows and take part in the meetings with the artists after every show. .
McDonnell, B., ; Shellard, D.,	Social impact study of UK theatre	Ways in which companies have invited participation include: consultation about the issues the theatre might address active participation in the making of theatre backstage tours and talks community outreach as part of creative development work Giving a public voice to marginalised experiences As with access, marginality has multiple causes. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	The theatre also maintains contact with participants, often through the actors who have worked with them who invite participants to see them in productions. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Regarding venues, participatory residencies can allow to reach new audiences, as mentioned above, or to set up new relations with regular audiences, that could exist only if venues are open enough, through participatory programming, for instance. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Anyway, we entered in contact with many theatres and festivals already active in different audience development projects, that accepted to experience this radical challenge: to create an artistic programming cooperating with a local group of active spectators. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	This does not imply that it is not legitimate to try to grow audiences and actively engage them, which is certainly a praiseworthy endeavor, or that these diverse audiences ought to be excluded from cultural activities. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	It relates to involving audiences in some or all different operational activities concerning the production of a performance (from planning rehearsals to staging). .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	A project led by arts professionals takes contemporary dance to villages, creating events in public spaces routinely used and appropriated by locals, consequently, utilizing the common space as a common language and as an element of cultural presentation, discourse and consumption. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	There remains room in each community arts performance creation to include new participants. .
Guachalla A.	Social inclusion and audience development at the Royal Opera House: a tourist perspective	But its social inclusion and audience development initiatives that foster a new generation of opera and ballet theatre-goers emerged as important findings as the Houses open door policy for daytime visitors along with live relays of current opera and ballet productions in other locations spark an interest in experiencing the building from the inside. .
Staniškytė J.	From institutional fatigue to creative communication: Audience development in Lithuanian theatres	As a unique platform in the landscape of internet sites of Lithuanian theatres, Theatre ONLINE strives to make theatre appear more accessible and caters to the needs of various audience segments: it offers possibilities of a first encounter with a theatre experience in the form of performance recordings, interviews, opportunities to see the inside processes of performance creation (recordings of rehearsals) as well as information that can be useful for the core audience segment. .
Walmsley, B.,	Co-creating theatre: authentic engagement or inter-legitimation?	In recent years, it has been accompanied in the performing arts by the growing popularity of interactive theatre and dance, often referred to as immersive or relational performance. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	This chapter promotes an inclusive approach to music making where young, old, well and unwell all benefit from shared experiences of music participation. .
Aabe N.O., Fox F., Rai D., Redwood S.	Inside, outside and in-between: The process and impact of co-producing knowledge about autism in a UK Somali community	The use of both community theatre and film is examples of how this co-produced knowledge reached multiple audiences and disseminated knowledge widely in a lasting format. .
Lamontagne C., Palardy L.	Les impatients: A fragrance of health Les Impatients: Un parfum de santé	Concretely, the participants expressed their emotions through music; they felt more relaxed at the end of each session, developed their self -confidence and self - esteem , in addition to forging new social relationships. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	It helps when we have entertainers in as it can free up some time. .
Särkämö T.	Music for the ageing brain: Cognitive, emotional, social, and neural benefits of musical leisure activities in stroke and dementia	In addition to formal music therapy, there has been a growing interest in self- or caregiver-implemented musical leisure activities or hobbies as a widely applicable means to support psychological wellbeing in ageing and in neurological rehabilitation. .
Särkämö T.	Music for the ageing brain: Cognitive, emotional, social, and neural benefits of musical leisure activities in stroke and dementia	Active musical hobbies, such as playing an instrument, singing, or dancing, have been shown enhance executive functions, mood, or QOL in healthy aged adults. .
Habron J., Butterly F., Gordon I., Roebuck A.	Being well, being musical: Music composition as a resource and occupation for older people	The opportunity to compose music was empowering for participants and appears to have contributed to participants wellbeing and quality of life, at least in the short term. .
Laaksonen, A.,	Measuring Cultural Exclusion through Participation in Cultural Life.	These rights are central to participation in cultural life and allow individuals and groups of people to follow, adopt of create a way of life of their own choice4 This gives the individuals the right to choose the culture they want to participate in and the authorities the duty to ensure that individuals are entitled to freely enjoy these rights and have access to cultural activities and services of their environment. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Upon encountering the work, one is struck by something unprecedented and extraordinary in it, and one is often amazed by the feat of the creating artistand, as in music and drama, the performing artist as wellwho unleashes the expressive power of that specific medium. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Displace Yourself Theatre This is a very challenging opportunity for young choreographers and dancers to test themselves in a comfortable arena, without any coercive commitment: a free space to experiment, find new ways to develop their creativity and explore new patterns. .
Killick A.	Resisting the creative economy on Liverpools north shore: Art-based political communication in practice	This relative freedom allows artists in particular to take risks and experiment, with some having subsequently developed larger studios and practice areas that are now used by people from various parts of the city. .
Meehan E.	Immersive performance and somatic practices: Joan davis and the maya lila project	Immersivity in performance is characterised by the placement of audience and performers in a site, usually outside traditional stage spaces, where there are elements such as freedom to roam and make choices, an emphasis on the sensual and inter-personal encounters. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	People Dancing, sound sense and engage have been vital, respectively, in community dance, community music and gallery education. .
Kirschner, S., ; Tomasello, M.,	Joint music making promotes pro-social behavior in 4-year-old children	Given that in traditional cultures music making and dancing are often integral parts of important group ceremonies such as initiation rites, weddings or preparations for battle, one hypothesis is that music evolved into a tool that fosters social bonding and group cohesion, ultimately increasing prosocial in-group behavior and cooperation. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	2. Community-Activated Theater Programs Weave theater into thefabric of peoples daily lives and use theater as a community-building tool. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Similarly, McEwan et al. (2013) found that community-based hip hop performance was an effective way to generate discussion and inform people on sexual health issues while also building community connections. .
Cowie P.	Performing planning: Understanding community participation in planning through theatre	The experience thus far suggests that theatre can be a powerful tool to engage communities in this area. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Proof of the democratizing potential of this strategy is found in the incredibly successful experiences in engaging young people from deprived areas in classical music practice. .
Guachalla A.	Social inclusion and audience development at the Royal Opera House: a tourist perspective	Cultural consumption and performing arts Tourists that expand the range of cultural events they engage with can be related to the notion of cultural capital acquisition, defined by Honneth (1986:58) as all the learnable skills and competencies that enable individuals to handle the social potentials of scientific information, aesthetic enjoyment and everyday pleasures. .
Guachalla A.	Social inclusion and audience development at the Royal Opera House: a tourist perspective	This related to DiMaggio and Ussems (1978) approach to audience development as arts appreciation is trained and is the result of an educational journey (Kawashima, 2006) that nurtures individuals that connect with and appreciate opera and ballet productions. .
Butler U.M., Princeswal M.	Cultures of participation: Young peoples engagement in the public sphere in Brazil	The paper provides an analysis of the ways in which young people often come to be engaged in forms of public action through cultural forms, such as music, dance, cinema, theatre, photography, which are used by a number of groups as tools for critical reflection, or conscientizao, and as a means for personal and community development. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Community mobilization is important in this context in that successful collaboration in one area builds connections and trust and can facilitate collaboration on other, unrelated endeavors. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Similarly synergistic was the idea of developing festivals, including both international and local artists, facilitating relations, engagement and collaboration. .
Walwema J.	Digital notebooks: Composing with open access	When done effectively, online composing is ideally suited for creating greater global communities around shared interests and objectives. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	What emerged from the interviews was a commonly shared experience of valued social connections and the extent the projects brought people together. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Or, on the contrary, was participation more an opportunity for the cultural policy to generating awareness among citizens and at cultural level? .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	In broad terms, this longitudinal practice is a response to the changing world around us, where digital technologies have enabled us all to take a more active, participative role in shaping society and contemporary culture. .
Beeksma, A., ; Chiara , D., C.	Participatory heritage in a gentrifying neighbourhood: Amsterdam’s Van Eesteren Museum as affective space of negotiations	Recent studies of urban community organising have demonstrated this: w e . . . assume that expanding participation can be a source of democratic renewal, social solidarity, and better decisions. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	The idea of cultural democracy at the time had a political value, as participation by citizens in cultural activities (not merely as spectators but also as cultural producers) was seen as a way to alert peoples consciousness of situations of injustice and subordination, and to trigger wider processes of potentially revolutionary social and political change. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	In addition to the issue of access to cultural content and democratic participation, the active role of the spectators intends to represent new social groups and new values. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	It can go beyond cosmetic improvements and reshape the public realm for new ways of living in the urban space, sometimes explicitly using culture to shape democratic civic engagement. .
Bianchini, F., ; Tommarchi, E., ; Hansen, L., E.	Problematising the question of participation in Capitals of Culture	In some cases, active participation is seen to have contributed to citizens political awareness and engagement, as in the case of Maribor 2012 (ili-Fier and Erjavec, 2017). .
Urbanowicz K., Nyka L.	Interactive and Media Architecture - From Social Encounters to City Planning Strategies	The paper searches into the potential of media and interactive projects to support participation and generate social encounters in public spaces. .
Patricia Reus J.B.Y.	Pioneers of collective participation in urban planning processes. Halprins legacy Pioneros de la participaciÓn colectiva en los procesos de planificaciÓn urbana. legado halprin	Public administrations in democratic states have the challenge of linking more clearly with their citizens and for this, participation mechanisms must be introduced that go beyond the essential participation associated with electoral processes or traditional information mechanisms, in order to become consultative or active participation mechanisms. .
Biondi L., Demartini P., Marchegiani L., Marchiori M., Piber M.	Understanding orchestrated participatory cultural initiatives: Mapping the dynamics of governance and participation	This increases public awareness as well as participation through all phases of the project. .
Dean C., Donnellan C., Pratt A.C.	Tate Modern: Pushing the limits of regeneration	Allied to this radical practice is the attempt to engage with, or configure audiences as active and participatory. .
Peters C., Witschge T.	From grand narratives of democracy to small expectations of participation: Audiences, citizenship, and interactive tools in digital journalism	Answering this is complicated further in a landscape where the interactional possibilities in terms of political communication change more broadly and digital tools make possible an increasingly participatory role for audiences, both within and outside news journalism. .
Irby M.B., Hamlin D., Rhoades L., Freeman N.R., Summers P., Rhodes S.D., Daniel S.	Violence as a health disparity: Adolescents’ perceptions of violence depicted through photovoice	Through a series of community events (e.g., group discussions, community forums, trainings and workshops, and a summer film series), the group sought to raise awareness, solicit community perspectives around violence as a health disparity, and ultimately to influence communitylevel change. .
Bridger A.J., Emmanouil S., Lawthom R.	Trace.space: a psychogeographical community project with members of an arts and health organisation	Attempts to do public engagement should be part of a process of critiquing contemporary social conditions with explicit concerns of creating wider social, cultural and political changes. .
Macchia T., DAndrea V., Mazzini R., Di Fiore A., Cozza M.	Exploring theater of the oppressed for participatory design	It involves a transformative and critical consciousness in order to promote inclusion and social change. .
Butler U.M., Princeswal M.	Cultures of participation: Young peoples engagement in the public sphere in Brazil	The paper also examines the historical processes that have come to shape this present field of public action and identifies the emergence of new forms of political engagement through cultural forms which provide a key entry point for young people's participation. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	It is a strength of participatory art to offer many different roles and kinds of involvement, so that people choose for themselves if, when and how they want to take part. .
Montalto, V., ; Campagna, D., ; Caperna, G.,	Does Culture Make a Better Citizen? Exploring the Relationship Between Cultural and Civic Participation in Italy	The creative dimension of the definition includes also cultural activities realized through digital means and online platforms. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Online co-productions were conceived as an opportunity for audiences to actively participate to the artistic process in a different manner, both through the physical and digital interaction with the artists themselves. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Training and available hardware and software devices allow to create and share all kinds of artistic expressions. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	Listeners are then able to grow through the streaming platform, but also hone into their own preferences if they so choose. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	They aspire to fully represent their communities, to tell untold stories and to give a platform to people and issues often ignored or insufficiently recognised. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Digital can be seen as a useful tool to break barriers down and to reach more diverse audiences - overcoming prejudices, myths and preconceptions. .
Badham, M.,	Cultural Indicators: Tools for Community Engagement?	A variety of processes are used to promote social change, provide a forum for voice, and transform the way we see each other and interact with the world around us. .
Zazulak J., Halgren C., Tan M., Grierson L.E.M.	The impact of an arts-based programme on the affective and cognitive components of empathic development	These statements highlight the participants beliefs that the learning imparted by the programme helped them to connect with the personal viewpoints and narratives of others. .
Irby M.B., Hamlin D., Rhoades L., Freeman N.R., Summers P., Rhodes S.D., Daniel S.	Violence as a health disparity: Adolescents’ perceptions of violence depicted through photovoice	Photographs can contain explicit and implicit stories of each participants experience and have the capacity to expose pieces of that experience to others beyond that which can be achieved through narration alone. .
Colby S.	Multicultural arts education in the post-secondary context?: Creating installation and performance art in surrey, Canada	Graham termed this activity cultural journalism, the documentation of lived histories and testimonies from community members, an approach which seeks to engender empathy, compassion, and intercultural dialogue, and encourage students and teachers in critical thinking about cultural assumptions and diversity (p. 155) by connecting with community members, documenting their stories, and representing them through art photography and other types of visual art. .
Byrne E., Elliott E., Williams G.	Performing the micro-social: using theatre to debate research findings on everyday life, health and well-being	What The Peoples Platform did was to give those discourses an alternative framing as well as providing a chance to show sides of the communities that are rarely presented. .
Vettraino E., Linds W., Jindal-Snape D.	Embodied voices: using applied theatre for co-creation with marginalised youth	Facilitating these experiences can enable young people to give an embodied voice to their individual and shared experiences. .
Morita H., Sugamura G.	Reading poems to oneself affects emotional state and level of distraction	Effect on distraction It is believed that, even in a state of distress, distraction and a temporary break away from worries can have the effect of softening the mood and concentrating one's thoughts (Oikawa, 2002). .
Cheong C.Y., Tan J.A.Q., Foong Y.-L., Koh H.M., Chen D.Z.Y., Tan J.J.C., Ng C.J., Yap P.	Creative Music Therapy in an Acute Care Setting for Older Patients with Delirium and Dementia	It may also redirect patients attention from confusing stimuli and consequently ameliorate anxiety and agitation. .
Blackburn C.	‘The people in the purple shirts’: Froebelian insights to a Singing Medicine project in a children’s hospital	It can also serve as a distraction which helps to reduce anxiety, pain and stress in relation to medical treatments as noted by Preti and Welch (2004). .
Awtuch A., Gȩbczyńska-Janowicz A.	Art and Healthcare - Healing Potential of Artistic Interventions in Medical Settings	The study revealed that the introduction of distraction conditions was associated with more calm behaviour and less movement, suggesting that significant calming effects are associated with the positive distraction conditions. .
Zazulak J., Halgren C., Tan M., Grierson L.E.M.	The impact of an arts-based programme on the affective and cognitive components of empathic development	Medical education research demonstrates that empathic behaviour is amenable to positive change when targeted through educational programmes. .
Macchia T., DAndrea V., Mazzini R., Di Fiore A., Cozza M.	Exploring theater of the oppressed for participatory design	Physical and reflexive activities will lead to develop and improve the participants understanding of the social and human complexity in PD. .
Tatlow-Golden M., Parker D.	The devil is in the detail: Challenging the UK department of health’s 2019 impact assessment of the extent of online marketing of unhealthy foods to children	This achieves millions of social media followers and heavy engagement. .
Tatlow-Golden M., Parker D.	The devil is in the detail: Challenging the UK department of health’s 2019 impact assessment of the extent of online marketing of unhealthy foods to children	They encourage social media users to like content and share with friends, boosting its visibility via social media algorithms. .
Catenaccio P., Khonsari T.	The construction of a civic neighbourhood as/through cultural production a discourse analytical approach to participatory art and temporary architecture	In an effort to increase outreach, the research project has created a series of online platforms to aid communication and project presence. .
Mc L.J., Harrison I.R.	The effects of built environment design on opportunities for wellbeing in care homes	The increased connection between staff whilst doing tasks and residents led to increased opportunities for social connection. .
Peterson M.	Living with difference in hyper-diverse areas: how important are encounters in semi-public spaces? Vécu de la différence dans les quartiers hyper-divers : importance des rencontres dans les espaces semi-publics El vivir con lo diferente en zonas excesivamente diversas: ¿cuán importantes son los encuentros en espacios semi-públicos?	Many new-found contacts enrich visitors social networks. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	Such engagement has been found to increase the self-confidence and morale of older people, as well as providing opportunities for increased social connections, both with other older people and with younger people. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	It produces social crossovers as it causes the regeneration of relations and inter-relations between people and built environment. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	For example, widening social networks, while supporting individual confidence in addition to integrating immigrant groups with its hosting societies. .
Butler U.M., Princeswal M.	Cultures of participation: Young peoples engagement in the public sphere in Brazil	The development of information and communication technologies, such as the Internet, have created new spaces and opportunities for participation and exchange. .
Goulding A.	How can contemporary art contribute toward the development of social and cultural capital for people aged 64 and older	However, the fact that the conversations involved accessing personal details and were particularly animated, suggests a level of engagement that may strengthen bonding social capital. .
Grossi, E., ; Sacco, P.L., ; Blessi, G.T., ; Cerutti, R.,	The Impact of Culture on the Individual Subjective Well-Being of the Italian Population: An Exploratory Study	Shaping the social architecture of communities through cultural sociability and participation may exert a deep influence on the perception of worthiness and meaning of ones own way to spend personal time and energy. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	This increasing ability and will to express things by new means, increasing social connections, and increasing confidence in themselves are all elements that could contribute to an empowerment. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Music can be a significant agent of change with regard to well-being, communication, and meaningfulness. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	People belonging to minority groups have also been able to extend their social circles, within and beyond their own cultural communities. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	This provides people with a greater diversity of options for social action and relationships. .
Hill Strategies , R.,	Social Effects of the Arts: Exploratory Statistical Evidence.	These preliminary findings suggest that the broad forms of cultural participation examined in this report may have some impact on enjoyment of clubs, social organizations and social events. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Some of the active participants in Be SpectACTive! are playing the role of bridge between our venue and larger public. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	In Be SpectACTive!, hosting venues, their relationships with their audiences, neighbourhood and local partners also influenced the shape of the residencies and the social composition of participants. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	It is yet another signal of the possible robustness of opportunities for participation in the kinds of venues captured in these databases. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	Projects that engaged people in cultural opportunities were then addressing social exclusion. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	An extensive consultation process took place and venues were encouraged to identify areas of priority which included working with young people in inclusive settings. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	In the field of culture, the result of this sequence of changes is the emergence of new forms of participant empowerment: bloggers, YouTubers, or co-audiences, among others. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	On the goals of audiences engagement and participation Many considerations can be made around audience engagement: .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	What these non-building based models facilitate is assuredly diverse sites and modes of audience engagement and participation. .
Blessi, G.T., ; Tremblay , D., G.; Sandri, M., ; Pilati, T.,	New trajectories in urban regeneration processes: Cultural capital as source of human and social capital accumulation – Evidence from the case of Tohu in Montreal	TOHUs activities aim to minimize gaps in terms of the cultural capability of the local community to make it possible for individuals to participate actively in rather than simply observe or be altogether excluded from artistic or cultural activities. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	The city council using bridging social capital may encourage participation from people with different backgrounds. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	Residents of all urban neighborhoods deserve cultural opportunities and access. .
Kosk K.	Social Participation in Residential Architecture as an Instrument for Transforming Both the Architecture and the People Who Participate in It	Various types of buildings located among residential buildings provide an additional opportunity for social interaction between neighbours. .
Mc L.J., Harrison I.R.	The effects of built environment design on opportunities for wellbeing in care homes	The availability of choice was seen enabling physical activity in encouraging moving between these areas and also in social activity meeting new groups and enabling options of who to sit with in smaller groups (L209). .
Crawford M.J., Killaspy H., Barnes T.R.E., Barrett B., Byford S., Clayton K., Dinsmore J., Floyd S., Hoadley A., Johnson T., Kalaitzaki E., King M., Leurent B., Maratos A., ONeill F.A., Osborn D.P., Patterson S., Soteriou T., Tyrer P., Waller D.	Group art therapy as an adjunctive treatment for people with schizophrenia: Multicentre pragmatic randomised trial	These interventions combine creativity with other approaches specifically aimed at providing an enjoyable experience, stimulating physical movement, and increasing interactions with others. .
la Cour K., Josephsson S., Luborsky M.	Creating connections of life during life-threatening illness: Creative activity experienced by elderly people and occupational therapists	Consequently a generous environment that embraces the existence of contrasts was needed in order to foster participation. .
Hinrichs U., Jacucci G., Valkanova N., Carpendale S., Kuikkaniemi K., Arroyo E.	Large displays in urban life - From exhibition halls to media facades	Also, since public displays are located in environments where passers-by encounter them in a serendipitous way the support of'pass-by/walk-up-and-use' interaction is an important factor. .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	These responses highlight the accessibility and inclusivity of museum programs for those with health limitations and the motivational influence it had in creating an alternative to an illness narrative. .
Dean C., Donnellan C., Pratt A.C.	Tate Modern: Pushing the limits of regeneration	Aside from anything else, such galleries are planned to be accessible and inclusive to all-comers, physically and intellectually, as well as culturally. .
Dean C., Donnellan C., Pratt A.C.	Tate Modern: Pushing the limits of regeneration	Different policies evoke, or construct, various publics, visitors and audiences. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Findings under this component of social capital highlighted the complexity that comes with organising and facilitating a festival and empowering community members to connect with the event and with one another. .
Walwema J.	Digital notebooks: Composing with open access	Audiences today are often large and diverse; they also have the potential to be relatively interactive. .
Breed A.	Environmental aesthetics, social engagement and aesthetic experiences in Central Asia	Core to her project was the varied use of public space for the interaction of people. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	This is specifically accomplished by: Creating a venue that draws people together who would otherwise not be engaged in constructive social activity. .
Evans, G., ; Shaw , P.,	The contribution of culture to regeneration in the UK: a review of evidence	Social cohesion and solidarity - At a neighbourhood level, this collaborative quality translated, for residents participating in focus groups or qualitative interviews into a way of encouraging social cohesion. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	community is where one learns and continues to practice how to be social..
Kosk K.	Social Participation in Residential Architecture as an Instrument for Transforming Both the Architecture and the People Who Participate in It	Common outdoor space Common spaces between buildings where people can meet and get in touch with each other provide opportunities for neighbourly contacts. .
Peterson M.	Living with difference in hyper-diverse areas: how important are encounters in semi-public spaces? Vécu de la différence dans les quartiers hyper-divers : importance des rencontres dans les espaces semi-publics El vivir con lo diferente en zonas excesivamente diversas: ¿cuán importantes son los encuentros en espacios semi-públicos?	At the community-centre, encounters result in light as well as deeper relationships, making visitors feel more at home because they recognize others elsewhere in the neighbourhood. .
Peterson M.	Living with difference in hyper-diverse areas: how important are encounters in semi-public spaces? Vécu de la différence dans les quartiers hyper-divers : importance des rencontres dans les espaces semi-publics El vivir con lo diferente en zonas excesivamente diversas: ¿cuán importantes son los encuentros en espacios semi-públicos?	By participating in the activities and festivities, visitors would supposedly get to know more people living in the surrounding areas and feel more at home in the neighbourhood. .
Onesti A.	Built environment, creativity, social art: The recovery of public space as engine of human development	In turn, built environment causes relational impacts on communities, regenerating both social ties and their relationships with environment. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	It was the case of the European Spectators Day (ESD), a good format to foster the encounter between communities spread in different European cities through the use of online tools. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The general gist was to create conditions where participants could thrive and interact, instead of walking them through every step of the way; hence, the resulting experience was more familiar and solid. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Public space and public events also play a key role in the creation of intercultural dialogue. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	On the opposite side, there could be a model that starts from a wider public base, developing participatory activities where a large group of citizens take part in and have a real influence on the process, in a bottom-up perspective. .
Jancovich, L.,	Great art for everyone? Engagement and participation policy in the arts	The young people at Contact were aware that as a young peoples venue it was easier to engage their users. .
Serafinelli, M., ; Tabellini, G.,	Creativity Over Time and Space	This made free cities a dynamic social environment, in frequent contact with other trading centers and open to innovations. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	It can be found in technology hubs, in media clusters to nourish innovation, on city walls (graffiti and murals), local community centres and street festivals which trigger social interactions. .
Filippi F.D., Cocina G.G., Martinuzzi C.	Integrating different data sources to address urban security in informal areas. The case study of Kibera, Nairobi	It is therefore necessary to generate an urban environment capable of limiting the perception of insecurity and to encourage social interaction between people. .
Kosk K.	Social Participation in Residential Architecture as an Instrument for Transforming Both the Architecture and the People Who Participate in It	The concept of participatory design, that is the one that uses the knowledge of the potential users during various stages of the design process, has been presented in this paper because of the need to illustrate the mutual social interactions and their identification with the architectural surrounding. .
Urbanowicz K., Nyka L.	Interactive and Media Architecture - From Social Encounters to City Planning Strategies	The fundamental objectives of city planning programs are closely related - the goal of many urban renewal strategies is to establish creative connections between dispersed fragments of the city and stimulate the presence of people on the streets. .
Urbanowicz K., Nyka L.	Interactive and Media Architecture - From Social Encounters to City Planning Strategies	They can initiate both direct and remote encounters, encourage inhabitants to take part in the discussion on urban space and participate in its rearrangements. .
Afacan Y., Afacan S.O.	Rethinking social inclusivity: Design strategies for cities	It is important to explore how everyone interacts in a social context and how all of these influence the sustainable development process of the cities where we live and which we create. .
de Paiva A., Jedon R.	Short- and long-term effects of architecture on the brain: Toward theoretical formalization	Therefore, environments designed to support human activities and social interaction can help to avoid or attenuate several problems. .
Evans G.	Participation and provision in arts & culture – bridging the divide	They are key to social interaction between the people who work in, and use, the centre. .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	Conversely, participants who were keen to connect with new people saw the programs as an opportunity and resource to do so. .
Padilla-Llano S.E., Machado-Penso M.V., Reyes-Schade E., Larios-Giraldo P.M., Cabrera-Sánchez I., Martínez-Palacios E., González-Forero D., Tapias-Martínez J.	Barrio El Prado: A living museum for the city of Barranquilla Barrio el prado un museo vivo para la ciudad de Barranquilla.	It is not a matter of creating an untouchable inert environment, but to allowing actions and relationships between visitors and inhabitants that enhance those dynamics. .
Padilla-Llano S.E., Machado-Penso M.V., Reyes-Schade E., Larios-Giraldo P.M., Cabrera-Sánchez I., Martínez-Palacios E., González-Forero D., Tapias-Martínez J.	Barrio El Prado: A living museum for the city of Barranquilla Barrio el prado un museo vivo para la ciudad de Barranquilla.	It is not a matter of creating an inert, untouchable environment, but of allowing actions and relationships between visitors and inhabitants that enhance these dynamics. .
Mihailidis P., Gamwell A.	Designing Engagement in Local News: Using FOIA Requests to Create Inclusive Participatory Journalism Practices	Participants mentioned the importance of moving beyond covering communities, to focus on bringing people together in engaging ways. .
Williamson V.J., Bonshor M.	Wellbeing in brass bands: The benefits and challenges of group music making	It is an opportunity to mix with a diverse range of people. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	This process can broaden citizen voices and participation, offering a welcoming entry point to those who have not felt power in the civic realm before. .
Hambright-Belue S., Holland M.J.	Social impact through design: Experiments in urban agriculture	2. The community centered projects allowed for the non-profit organization to reach out to the larger community and start a conversation addressing persistent and serious issues. .
Małuj J., Załuski D.	Emotional and Social Potential of Art in the City	Taking into account the social determinants of urban shaping policy and respecting universal attitudes may help to improve dialogue between various users of space. .
Brown J.L., MacDonald R., Mitchell R.	Are People Who Participate in Cultural Activities More Satisfied with Life?	People with higher levels of life satisfaction might tend to choose leisure pursuits that are more active and involve social interaction. .
Young R., Camic P.M., Tischler V.	The impact of community-based arts and health interventions on cognition in people with dementia: A systematic literature review	It also leads to sustained engagement in activities and encourages spontaneous communication. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	At least it's a way of getting out and meeting people..
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	For these people, participating in the feis was an important development in their sense of identity and culture. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	The local community plays a significant role in determining the artistic programme. .
Kalergis, D.,	The role of architecture in culture-led urban regeneration strategies	This remark of the architectural symbolic quality represents the link between culture-led regeneration and architecture. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	As a result of these experiences, the participants knowledge of the site and the values it embodied for them were reaffirmed. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	From this, the factor, create attachment of meaning to the heritage was derived. .
de Paiva A., Jedon R.	Short- and long-term effects of architecture on the brain: Toward theoretical formalization	These places help shape their lives. .
Žilič Fišer S., Kožuh I.	The Impact of Cultural Events on Community Reputation and Pride in Maribor, The European Capital of Culture 2012	The driving force for the title was, thus, also the motivation for searching for a new identity for the city, identity based on the cultural production. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	A Restless Art is about community and participatory art. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	Matarasso advocated that arts projects can encourage the active participation of the local population in community life, and that this engagement is crucial to preserving city order. .
Hinrichs U., Jacucci G., Valkanova N., Carpendale S., Kuikkaniemi K., Arroyo E.	Large displays in urban life - From exhibition halls to media facades	A major goal of this workshop is to bring together the different communities involved in the design and evaluation of large displays for public urban spaces and share experiences, insights, and future visions. .
Mastandrea S., Maricchiolo F., Carrus G., Giovannelli I., Giuliani V., Berardi D.	Visits to figurative art museums may lower blood pressure and stress	However, modern art can also be highly stimulating and engage debate, social interaction, curiosity and discussion, all positive aspects of visiting art museums and viewing art. .
Therese Berg I.	Participation to the people! Locating the popular in Rimini Protokolls Home Visit Europe	The participatory turn can also symbolize art and researchs dependence on the audience, stemming from increasing pressure on both art and humanities to build a broader legitimacy in the public. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	This reflects the broad recognition among policymakers of the importance of economic growth and development to the public interest. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	In this context, attracting new audiences and involving the local community has become essential in order to apply to public funds. .
Geng-qing Chi, C., ; Caia, R., ; Li, Y.,	Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites	The effects of favorable relations with family, friends, neighbors and colleagues channel through residents SWB to bolster their support for tourism. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	Some noted the increased interest in this area of work had been beneficial because it provided a forum for debate and had opened up financial resources. .
Walmsley, B.,	Co-creating theatre: authentic engagement or inter-legitimation?	This in turn can create strategic opportunities for creating value, as long as producers align their creative processes with their audiences. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	A public-private partnership working mode could be beneficial to the success of a project and provide social benefits to the communities. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Urban centres also absorb many new immigrants and people from surrounding rural areas who are seeking employment, education, or economic prosperity. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Multi-organizational community development initiatives are becoming increasingly prominent with the growing popularity of community economic development. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	Clarifying and extending social impact objectives might also broaden the business model, attracting other sources of public and philanthropic funding, and new third-sector investment. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	One of the main attributes of the creative economy is that it can generate substantial economic growth and, at the same time, stimulate creativity and civic environmental engagement, thus stimulating people to take action to achieve the sustainable development goals7 (UNCTAD 2010). .
Biondi L., Demartini P., Marchegiani L., Marchiori M., Piber M.	Understanding orchestrated participatory cultural initiatives: Mapping the dynamics of governance and participation	Once an initiative has received public recognition and attention, and generated economic benefits, legitimacy reaches a broader audience and acts as a collector of wider participation (ex-post legitimacy, found in all cases). .
Hambright-Belue S., Holland M.J.	Social impact through design: Experiments in urban agriculture	In addition, such service allowed better access and connectivity to the other parts of the city, enabling community members to take advantage and participate within Greenvilles growing economy. .
Stanley, D.,	Introduction: the Social Effects of Culture	By providing socially authorized and acceptable ideas about human relationships where none existed before, heritage experiences can create cultural identities and give communities confidence to view themselves as valuable and to undertake collective acts. .
Yonas, M., A.; Burke, J., G.; Rak, K., ; Bennerr, A., ; Kelly, V., ; Gielen, A., C.	A Picture’s Worth a Thousand Words: Engaging Youth in CBPR Using the Creative Arts.	It is an innovative process that generates rich and valuable data about topics of interest and the lived experiences of community members. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Definitions of Community Defining the community that a community archival institution will serve is a complicated process. .
Pastak I., Kährik A.	The impacts of culture-led flagship projects on local communities in the context of post-socialist tallinn	The high level of social use of the space in the case of the creative campus was achieved as a result of the projects inward focus and the active engagement of local communities in the planning phase. .
Thompson J., Day J.	Understanding the impact and value of temporary public art sculpture trails	We see this as significant for attracting visitors, and is also a reflection of the sense of place that is being created around the T-Past. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	There was also evidence that the community development aspects of participatory arts projects could help reduce fear of crime and promote neighbourhood security. .
Yonas, M., A.; Burke, J., G.; Rak, K., ; Bennerr, A., ; Kelly, V., ; Gielen, A., C.	A Picture’s Worth a Thousand Words: Engaging Youth in CBPR Using the Creative Arts.	Although these organizations are there to help the community, they at times may pose a threat. .
Stern, M., J.; Seifert, S., C.	Cultural Clusters: The Implications of Cultural Assets Agglomeration for Neighborhood Revitalization	Providing security, clean and safe streets, usable public spaces, convenient transit, and consistent and honest enforcement of zoning and development regulations would make the world much easier for those trying to seed and cultivate cultural clusters. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	It brings benefits in other areas such as environmental renewal and health promotion, and injects an element of creativity into organisational planning. .
Horgan D., Dimitrijević B.	Frameworks for citizens participation in planning: From conversational to smart tools	Prevailing strategic mechanisms driving contemporary development interventions include those that focus on shared outcomes for change delivered by focusing on aspects that appeal to the whole eco-system within a place such as health and well-being, energy independence or technology-led change. .
Nguyen T.H.N.	Design for design - Design by community	In this way, the Community initiates and implements its initiative to change its habitat, make it better and more sustainable. .
Afacan Y., Afacan S.O.	Rethinking social inclusivity: Design strategies for cities	This ground plane this objective with these principles can promote socially and environmentally sustainable spaces for all. .
Capolongo S., Rebecchi A., Dettori M., Appolloni L., Azara A., Buffoli M., Capasso L., Casuccio A., Conti G.O., D’amico A., Ferrante M., Moscato U., Oberti I., Paglione L., Restivo V., D’alessandro D.	Healthy design and urban planning strategies, actions, and policy to achieve salutogenic cities	Adequate living conditions thus necessitate healthy environments and promoters of active lifestyles; individual and collective health is strongly influenced by the environmental context 3 . .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	Other factors such as environment and social forces (e.g., poverty, agency, age and social norms) have important roles to play in determining healthy outcomes for individuals and societies. .
Ibrahim I.	Socio environmental impact in eco-architecture	In addition to social, economic, and environmental health, sustainable communities are about the participation of all elements of society in decisionmaking processes. .
Ibrahim I.	Socio environmental impact in eco-architecture	In addition to social, economic, and environmental health, sustainable communities are about the participation of all elements of society in decision-making processes. .
Lenzo P., Traverso M., Salomone R., Ioppolo G.	Social life cycle assessment in the textile sector: An italian case study	The company perceived positively the results obtained, and has decided to match the social results with the environmental certifications that it owns to improve its visibility and commitment to the local community. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	they are committed to the people they work with, and want them to benefit from taking part, but they look for social change in lived experience. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Certainly, members of the Variety Society did feel more confident, and the outreach workers were mostly successful in helping people to take part fully. .
Kay, A.,	Art and community development: The role the arts have in regenerating communities	They are people-centred in their approach and therefore change within the community will happen only if there is a high, active involvement by members of the local community. .
Yonas, M., A.; Burke, J., G.; Rak, K., ; Bennerr, A., ; Kelly, V., ; Gielen, A., C.	A Picture’s Worth a Thousand Words: Engaging Youth in CBPR Using the Creative Arts.	For example, the activities facilitate collaborative and equitable involvement of all partners including the youth participants and the adult facilitators. .
Montalto, V., ; Campagna, D., ; Caperna, G.,	Does Culture Make a Better Citizen? Exploring the Relationship Between Cultural and Civic Participation in Italy	A policy approach that promotes interdisciplinary dialogue and innovative cooperation could possibly be more effective in reaching broader audiences. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Therefore, we could say, the approach with all these people in this kind of relation really helped us to improve our communication with audience and therefore our mission as an organisation. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Being ready to share decision-making, to collaborate, giving some things up, being flexible and adaptable, meeting people where they are, are fundamental principles to engaging audiences actively. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Decisions that are thought to be flexible, to reflect migration effects and the shifting populations and cultures, to be anchored in the values and ethics in power, to strengthen equality aspects between individuals and groups in society, to work for constructive and sustainable relations between different partakers in society. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	They are aware of, and respond to, opportunities to work with other community partners, including those from other sectors, to meet local needs. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	But in some as in others, it is necessary to empower or incorporate staff with mediating capacity, able to understand the expectations, motivations and needs of all stakeholders of the process, from the artist to the usual audience, including those citizens willing to participate in the participatory game. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Engaging in participatory activities means working in close relationship with communities and questioning ideas such as that of citizenship, inclusion, belonging, empowerment, etc. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	The key implication of this is that leaders of change-ready organisations need to be relational and participatory; good hosts who are happy to serve their communities and share their leadership and power. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	The public voice and recognition of their views, was a powerful experience and one which created new social networks and a greater sense of belonging to many different communities. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	This could extend to sharing ways of working with communities and partners to deliver social programmes. .
Moody, E., ; Phinney, A.,	A community-engaged art program for older people: fostering social inclusion.	This enrichment occurred in two ways; we describe how the program enabled the participants to connect to community in new ways, and the importance of achieving this through collaboration as a group. .
Moody, E., ; Phinney, A.,	A community-engaged art program for older people: fostering social inclusion.	Connecting to Community in New Ways Through the AHS program, the participants had the opportunity to build new connections with others in the broader community. .
Stupar A., Mihajlov V., Lalovic K., Colic R., Petrovic F.	Participative placemaking in Serbia: The use of the limitless GIS application in increasing the sustainability of universal urban design	Therefore, community participation (in this article focusing on people with disabilities) provides useful insights into the practical needs of users in a shared public space and facilitates decision-making processes. .
Horgan D., Dimitrijević B.	Frameworks for citizens participation in planning: From conversational to smart tools	The smart city collaboration mechanisms: approaches and concerns The Smart City concept promotes cross-sector collaboration and partnership among stakeholders within a place to develop collective strategies for social innovation. .
Haklay M., Jankowski P., Zwoliński Z.	Selected modern methods and tools for public participation in urban planning - A review	The platform offers tools for transparent participatory community management with a structured process for communication between all stakeholders and assisting decision making processes. .
Catenaccio P., Khonsari T.	The construction of a civic neighbourhood as/through cultural production a discourse analytical approach to participatory art and temporary architecture	Identity building based on multiple, flexible membership categories is key to developing a neighbourhood which has both internal cohesion and a potential for change, adaptation and - above all - accommodation of diversity. .
Afacan Y., Afacan S.O.	Rethinking social inclusivity: Design strategies for cities	So there is a need for the development of sustainable communities that maximise independence and the full participation of all people in all aspects of society. .
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	Participants felt more confident to take an assertive role in their futures, and more integrated into their local communities. .
Silva De Souza E., Cardoso A., Lamounier E.	A Virtual Environment-Based Training System for a Blind Wheelchair User Through Use of Three-Dimensional Audio Supported by Electroencephalography	The objective was to provide efficient interactions, thus allowing the social inclusion of patients who are considered otherwise incapacitated. .
Wilson L., Bryant W., Reynolds F., Lawson J.	Therapeutic outcomes in a museum? “You dont get them by aiming for them”. How a focus on arts participation promotes inclusion and well-being	Using resources in this way, to widen participation and foster community involvement, effectively changes attitudes and promotes social integration (Lamb, 2009). .
Deane K., Fitch M., Carman M.	An innovative art therapy program for cancer patients.	The interactive style of the format allowed for caring responsiveness to the needs and concerns of the group members. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	As this participant indicated, it needs to be approached in reciprocal ways, where community members feel empowered to contribute. .
Irby M.B., Hamlin D., Rhoades L., Freeman N.R., Summers P., Rhodes S.D., Daniel S.	Violence as a health disparity: Adolescents’ perceptions of violence depicted through photovoice	The photovoice process also relies on established partnerships with key community stakeholders, encourages the equitable inclusion of partners in the research process, and generally culminates in a community forum through which participants can articulate their perspectives to stakeholders and community members. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	Research Approach This case study approach tracks the shift in the social behaviour of the locals from isolation and indifference towards participation, partnership and inclusion and investigates the development of building understanding, acceptance and mutual trust within the communities there as objectives towards the long-term aim of integration through different interventions. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	The opportunity for social participation and its effects on the social fabric of the community is important, as it involves relational ties between individuals and society and individuals and the state. .
Moualla Y., McPherson G.	Making change towards inclusive societies: The soft power of community archaeology in building cultural heritage in Mozan, Syria	In projects that aim to achieve soft power outcomes, such as social change, mutual trust and understanding, etc., every group needs to feel included and be heard as part of the decision-making process, infrastructure and development. .
Bernard M., Rickett M., Pruchno R.	The cultural value of older peoples experiences of theater-making: A review	The value and benefits of both projects included greater communication (between staff and between staff, residents, and families) and enhanced quality of life and well-being of residents, as evidenced through increased emotive responses and improvements in self-esteem, confidence, ability to make choices, and the community involvement of residents. .
Hunter R.F., Cleland C., Cleary A., Droomers M., Wheeler B.W., Sinnett D., Nieuwenhuijsen M.J., Braubach M.	Environmental, health, wellbeing, social and equity effects of urban green space interventions: A meta-narrative evidence synthesis	6. Engage the local community throughout the design process to ensure that their needs are incorporated into the intervention. .
Criss S., Kleinmann M.	Dotte agency: A participatory design model for community health	That engaging the community is now an essential component of responding to adaptive problems is a welcome development, but it comes with a caveat: not all engagement strategies are equal. .
Criss S., Kleinmann M.	Dotte agency: A participatory design model for community health	Explaining the circumstances and the intent of the partnership fosters greater transparency and goodwill, helping to establish a bond between architects and community groups. .
Criss S., Kleinmann M.	Dotte agency: A participatory design model for community health	The role of the designer, beyond the process itself, is to develop the capacity of the resident and stakeholders to articulate the needs in a shared vision. .
Abdulla S.	The art of inclusion: Contradictions affecting theatre for development interventions in Malawi	A locally inclusive definition of the initiatives, their working partners, and concepts helps in setting up appropriate, valid, participatory, community owned, and sustainable people-centered initiatives. .
Aabe N.O., Fox F., Rai D., Redwood S.	Inside, outside and in-between: The process and impact of co-producing knowledge about autism in a UK Somali community	Factors supporting co-production: The involvement of at least one person who is willing and able to advocate for a community group and to bridge the gap between research institutions and community organization Building and maintaining trust between key players in the coproduction process. .
Goddard J.	Valuing the place of young people with learning disabilities in the arts	Thus, by knowing individual needs, it is possible to guide the group as a whole to support one another in positive peer relationships. .
Goddard J.	Valuing the place of young people with learning disabilities in the arts	Through this, a greater equality of participation can be achieved. .
Kabel A., Teti M., Zhang N.	The art of resilience: photo-stories of inspiration and strength among people with HIV/AIDS	The value and benefits of both projects included greater communication (between staff and between staff, residents, and families) and enhanced quality of life and well-being of residents, as evidenced through increased emotive responses and improvements in self-esteem, confidence, ability to make choices, and the community involvement of residents. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Measuring changes in subjective well‑being from engagement in the arts, culture and sport	This finding could reflect the benefits of social interaction associated with the networks developed and maintained through more active involvement in the arts (Nichols et al. 2012). .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Our aim was to create platforms for meeting and sharing in a friendly, cosy atmosphere. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	The arts group also provided a deep sense of camaraderie and mutual encouragement. .
Campion, M.; Levita, L.	Enhancing positive affect and divergent thinking abilities: Play some music and dance.	In addition, engagement in these active conditions would also be associated with an enhancement in measures of creativity. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	It is also what makes the practice so rewarding, because it requires everyone involved to open themselves to other ideas, experiences and values. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	You might say that working within different contexts, trying unusual ways of working with audience, different ways of making decisions and ways of thinking in general is positive as is. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	This allows for ongoing iteration and adaptation, a process that is innately creative and involving of a wide range of people. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Regardless the context artists were coming from, their ethics and aesthetics, the project was a comfortable arena to experiment, to find new ways to develop their creativity and explore new patterns. .
Jackson, M., R.; Kabwasa‑Green, F., ; Herranz, J.,	Cultural vitality in communities: Interpretation and indicators	It has also measured demand for opportunities to learn new forms of creative expression. .
Landry, C., ; Bianchini, F.,	The Creative City	This creative process often leads to bolder visions which are sometimes able to overcome problems previously seen as insoluble. .
Landry, C., ; Bianchini, F.,	The Creative City	Innovation and improvisation are all-important to the creative result. .
Cultures for Cities and Regions , R.,	Future creative cities. Why culture is a smart investment in cities.	Such calls should have clear objectives (in line with strategies for culture and creative industries), but should otherwise be flexible to allow for experimental ideas and projects. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	Encouraging creativity in this wider way - he concludes - is key to a creative city agenda. .
Maini, L.,	Measuring creativity. Proposal for an index to measure the creativity of cities.	As mentioned in previous sections, a diverse environment fosters the generation and the flow of ideas, and it finally attracts (and helps to retain) talent. .
Martin R.E., Korchinski M., Fels L., Leggo C.	Arresting hope: Women taking action in prison health inside out	In our long collaboration together, and with others, we have each been transformed and motivated by the possibilities of living with imagination. .
Kaimal, G.; Gonzaga, A., M.; Schwachter, V.	Crafting, health and wellbeing: findings from the survey of public participation in the arts and considerations for art therapists.	There is anecdotal support for the contribution of crafting to mental wellbeing. .
Kaimal, G.; Gonzaga, A., M.; Schwachter, V.	Crafting, health and wellbeing: findings from the survey of public participation in the arts and considerations for art therapists.	It is common, for example, to hear stories of crafting and art making as ways in which individuals who have experienced life-threatening illnesses endure their suffering. .
Kelly M., Rivas C., Foell J., Llewellyn-Dunn J., England D., Cocciadiferro A., Hull S.	Unmasking quality: Exploring meanings of health by doing art	Group discussions built on the self-assurance gained from doing craft work together and talking in a relaxed way with a common purpose, exploring the health themes which were the focus of the art. .
Khandelwal D., Kalra N., Tyagi R., Khatri A., Gupta K.	Control of anxiety in pediatric patients using tell show do method and audiovisual distraction	Combination of TSD and AVD had an additive effect in reduction of anxiety level and it proved to be more beneficiary. .
Khandelwal D., Kalra N., Tyagi R., Khatri A., Gupta K.	Control of anxiety in pediatric patients using tell show do method and audiovisual distraction	Combination of TSD and AVD had an additive effect in reduction of anxiety level and it proved to be more effective. .
Bálint Á., Magyari J.	The use of bibliotherapy in revealing and addressing the spiritual needs of cancer patients	It has been found beneficial in addressing mental health problems such as stress, depression, anxiety, and psychological disorders (Gots 2016). .
Saavedra J., Arias S., Crawford P., Pérez E.	Impact of creative workshops for people with severe mental health problems: art as a means of recovery	They found that the vast majority of the studies showed an improvement of psychological well-being, a drop in levels of anxiety and greater satisfaction in life. .
Ketch R.A., Rubin R.T., Baker M.R., Sones A.C., Ames D.	Art appreciation for veterans with severe mental illness in a VA Psychosocial Rehabilitation and Recovery Center	Visual art has been shown to alleviate stress and anxiety in patients in healthcare settings (Nanda, Eisen, & Baladandayuthapani, 2008; Ulrich, 2009; Ulrich & Gilpin, 2003; Wissing, 2009). .
Stewart J., Garrido S., Hense C., McFerran K.	Music use for mood regulation: Self-awareness and conscious listening choices in young people with tendencies to depression	It is possible that for some, the reduced intensity of their negative moods was the beginning of a process of recovery. .
Hopper M.J., Curtis S., Hodge S., Simm R.	A qualitative study exploring the effects of attending a community pain service choir on wellbeing in people who experience chronic pain	Interviewees also felt more in control of their pain which has been shown to reduce catastro-phising and improve mood and physical functioning.24 .
Pérez-Sáez, E.; Cabrero-Montes, E., M.; Llorente-Cano, M.; González-Ingelmo, E.	A pilot study on the impact of a pottery workshop on the well-being of people with dementia.	In our case, we may assume that the increase in self-esteem may be due both to the feeling of normalcy (produced by taking part in a significant activity) and the participants feeling of autonomy and mastery (pride at producing ceramic pieces that they thought were beyond their reach). .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	It will probably make them a professional artist, in the sense that their work is recognised by others and becomes part of a social identity. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	the experience was positive and the method has been adopted by some artists, but it still depends on their own time and investment. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Confidence through co-operation and achievement There was a widespread recognition that confidence came through a sense of achievement, of having done something worthwhile, but it was striking that this did not have to be personal: being part of a collective success gave people the same sort of pride as having made something of their own. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	The project was judged very successful by those involved. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Many of the case study artists, and especially those with less workshop experience, benefited greatly in terms of enhanced confidence in their own work and abilities. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	One person had been nervous about not having had a formal arts training, but learnt it was not crucial, which knowledge gave her growing confidence in her work: Ive got a bit bolder, more courageous, as a result of seeing how the others put things together. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	If nothing else, their existing commitment to the arts implies previous experience and, perhaps, a degree of confidence in their own creative abilities. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	The costs of learning Participation in the arts was a learning experience for almost all those interviewed and, as already discussed, the acquisition of new skills and competence was a major source of confidence, pride and pleasure. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	It may be argued that the questionnaires are bound to show positive results, since they are completed by supporters of the arts. .
Wheatley, D.; Bickerton, C.	Measuring changes in subjective well‑being from engagement in the arts, culture and sport	Finally, in model 4 arts activities have a positive relationship with job satisfaction. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	We made them a part of something and they felt that the work produced a rewarding result. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	By taking on board the responsibility given to them, however challenging it may have been at first, participants have felt eventually rewarded, experiencing a higher level of confidence and independence. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	Both programs appeared to enhance the selfesteem of their participants, because they learned new skills, found that they had undiscovered talents, and received positive recognition from peers and others when they perform or exhibit their work. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	Because of the small sample of projects and participants it is difficult to generalise to a wider population, but participation in the arts had the following effects for some participants: raised levels of self-esteem and confidence - as a result of projects, participants said they felt proud of what they had achieved, felt more confident and many felt better about themselves a greater feeling of self-determination and sense of control - participants felt they had had freedom to develop their ideas and, although fewer participants felt they had had a say over what happened in sessions, they generally felt a strong sense of ownership of the final product pleasure and enjoyment more developed arts and creative skills, appreciation of the arts, positive attitudes to the arts and a taste for more As noted above, projects tended not to have aims that involved tackling the problems associated with social exclusion. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	In the research, artists said quality had relevance to projects, not only in terms of process but also final output, and were able to articulate how this was related to pride in achievement. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	It is perhaps not surprising that when participants completed something they were pleased with and which was valued by others, they felt good about themselves. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	For other participants, participation in projects had given them a bit of a lift. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	Regularly attending a project and completing something was, for some, a source of pride in itself. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	Participant Individuals also derived a great deal of pride from the fact that the things they created, whether it be a piece of theatre, a page for a website, or an item of jewellery, were theirs. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	Participant Having your work shown to others and valued by them also generated feelings of pride. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	One arts organisation in the research had developed a long-term relationship with an evaluator and found this worked very successfully for them. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	Artist I think all I would say is that I got a lot from it and I know other people got a lot from it in terms of their enjoyment, their achievement and their confidence... .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	Interviews with participants showed that they felt more confident as a result of projects, that they felt proud of what they and their group had achieved and that they had learned new skills and developed existing skills through the arts process (some of which were transferable to work or educational settings). .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	The research explored using indicators which quantified qualitative outcomes such as whether participants felt better about themselves, felt proud of what they had achieved and so on. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	Pride The participants said they were proud of what they and the group had achieved. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	Director, Landed evaluation report Confidence All three participants felt they had become more confident as a result of the project and that it had helped them feel good about themselves. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	The exhibition was regarded as a vital part of the project and both partners were pleased with the quality of the material produced. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	As a result, the public approval, successful risk taking and enjoyable team work experiences left feelings of increased self esteem and confidence. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	For those taking part, working collaboratively to complete such an inspiring project, generated a strong sense of self esteem and group pride. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	It also generated confidence in the knowledge that they could achieve something significant by working together. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Artistic quality was defined by participants as how the finished work affected them and their community, and how the artwork embodied or represented what they set out to achieve together. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	This was underpinned however, by the degree to which the artists applied their skills towards achieving all the project goals. .
Richards, A. G.; Tietyen, A.C.; Jicha, G.A.; Bardach, S.H.; Schmitt, F.A.; Fardo, D.W.; Kryscio, R.J.; Abner, E.L.	Visual Arts Education improves self-esteem for persons with dementia and reduces caregiver burden: A randomized controlled trial.	Successfully meeting the different challenges posed by the VAE activities may have provided the persons with ADRD a greater sense of accomplishment and improved self-esteem. .
Richards, A. G.; Tietyen, A.C.; Jicha, G.A.; Bardach, S.H.; Schmitt, F.A.; Fardo, D.W.; Kryscio, R.J.; Abner, E.L.	Visual Arts Education improves self-esteem for persons with dementia and reduces caregiver burden: A randomized controlled trial.	It could be that seeing their artworks at home (and perhaps hearing others comments about them) additionally reinforced feelings of self-worth or competence, thus leading to improved self-esteem. .
Richards, A. G.; Tietyen, A.C.; Jicha, G.A.; Bardach, S.H.; Schmitt, F.A.; Fardo, D.W.; Kryscio, R.J.; Abner, E.L.	Visual Arts Education improves self-esteem for persons with dementia and reduces caregiver burden: A randomized controlled trial.	It is also possible that persons with ADRD in the experimental group gained a sense of empowerment through their accomplishments in the visual arts study that extended into their daily lives. .
Richards, A. G.; Tietyen, A.C.; Jicha, G.A.; Bardach, S.H.; Schmitt, F.A.; Fardo, D.W.; Kryscio, R.J.; Abner, E.L.	Visual Arts Education improves self-esteem for persons with dementia and reduces caregiver burden: A randomized controlled trial.	Finally, participants may have continued to produce artworks on their own after the two month session was completed, leading to a greater sense of accomplishment and improved self-esteem. .
Whiteman, E.D.; Dupuis, R.; Morgan, A.U.; D’Alonzo, B.; Epstein, C.; Klusaritz, H.; Cannuscio, C.C.	Public Libraries As Partners for Health	It is great to feel good about the work you do it can help sustain you in difficult times. .
Morse, N.; Thomson, L.J.M.; Brown, Z.; Chatterjee, H.J.	Effects of creative museum outreach sessions on measures of confidence, sociability and well-being for mental health and addiction recovery service-users	Inductive analysis Pride and achievement Taking an active part in the creative element of the project was depicted as an achievement in both groups. .
Morse, N.; Thomson, L.J.M.; Brown, Z.; Chatterjee, H.J.	Effects of creative museum outreach sessions on measures of confidence, sociability and well-being for mental health and addiction recovery service-users	The sense of pride in the current study can be linked to increased confidence and self-esteem derived from trying something new. .
Zarobe, L.; Bungay, H.	The role of arts activities in developing resilience and mental wellbeing in children and young people a rapid review of the literature	Using such a method is problematic as it relies on individual recall; regardless of this, the authors reported that the participants were very clear that taking part in the arts programme had contributed to selfconfidence, identity formation and a sense of belonging. .
Valladares A.	Successes and failures of participation-in-design: Cases from Old Havana, Cuba	Upon its completion, the client was highly satisfied with the reconstruction. .
Pearce E.	Participants’ perspectives on the social bonding and well-being effects of creative arts adult education classes	Generally, this was a product of the support and praise of others, the realization that they had something of value to offer and that they were doing something worthwhile that offered a new direction. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	They took pride in various aspects of their artwork and were sometimes surprised by its quality and, by inference, their own creative abilities: I had done something I have never done before and I was pleased with it. .
Reynolds F., Vivat B., Prior S.	Womens experiences of increasing subjective well-being in CFS/ME through leisure-based arts and crafts activities: A qualitative study	They described feeling more satisfied with their daily lives through gaining purpose, challenge, and achievement in a context that offered few alternative sources of reward: I have a contentedness that I didnt have before. .
Reynolds F., Vivat B., Prior S.	Womens experiences of increasing subjective well-being in CFS/ME through leisure-based arts and crafts activities: A qualitative study	Art-making helped participants, in varying degrees, to meet their needs for achievement. .
Reynolds F., Vivat B., Prior S.	Womens experiences of increasing subjective well-being in CFS/ME through leisure-based arts and crafts activities: A qualitative study	It makes you feel as though you are achieving something. .
la Cour K., Josephsson S., Luborsky M.	Creating connections of life during life-threatening illness: Creative activity experienced by elderly people and occupational therapists	The creative process from ideation to making and to the final result stimulated joy. .
la Cour K., Josephsson S., Luborsky M.	Creating connections of life during life-threatening illness: Creative activity experienced by elderly people and occupational therapists	This was emphasized by the participants as they spoke of purely doing, to make something in a practical manner, and experiencing a creation growing from the work with their hands and body made them feel happy. .
la Cour K., Josephsson S., Luborsky M.	Creating connections of life during life-threatening illness: Creative activity experienced by elderly people and occupational therapists	Also the creations that unfolded became valuable sources of joy in the form of a final product. .
la Cour K., Josephsson S., Luborsky M.	Creating connections of life during life-threatening illness: Creative activity experienced by elderly people and occupational therapists	The clients spoke with pride of having produced something purposeful and worthwhile. .
Kumari G., Ratnesh M., Eguruze E.S.	Role of CSR in supporting tribal handicrafts of Jharkhand	This has been a really great thing for us as we are earning by doing what we enjoy. .
Beerse M.E., Van Lith T., Stanwood G.D.	Is There a Biofeedback Response to Art Therapy? A Technology-Assisted Approach for Reducing Anxiety and Stress in College Students	Respondents also described positive outcomes from participating. .
Biondi L., Demartini P., Marchegiani L., Marchiori M., Piber M.	Understanding orchestrated participatory cultural initiatives: Mapping the dynamics of governance and participation	The publicity their work has received has enhanced their reputation and increased the value of all their work. .
OShea E., Léime A.N.	The impact of the Bealtaine arts programme on the quality of life, wellbeing and social interaction of older people in Ireland	One woman emphasised the beneficial effects that having something to look forward to and being absorbed in creative activity has had on her quality of life: It gave me a new lease of life. .
Twedt E., Proffitt D.R., Hearn D.L.	Art and aging: Digital projects for individuals with dementia	Participants reported positive moods during and after project use, an increased sense of autonomy, increased interactions between care giver and care receiver, and a sense of pride in creating a unique project. .
Thomson L.J., Morse N., Elsden E., Chatterjee H.J.	Art, nature and mental health: assessing the biopsychosocial effects of a ‘creative green prescription’ museum programme involving horticulture, artmaking and collections	Self-esteem was also derived from the new learning and skills development about art and horticulture. .
Wilson L., Bryant W., Reynolds F., Lawson J.	Therapeutic outcomes in a museum? “You dont get them by aiming for them”. How a focus on arts participation promotes inclusion and well-being	The funding also enabled the contribution of practising artists and the professional standard of the final exhibition. .
Dadswell A., Bungay H., Wilson C., Munn-Giddings C.	The impact of participatory arts in promoting social relationships for older people within care homes	These enjoyable shared experiences and quality time also promoted staff satisfaction and morale: Yes staff do enjoy the activities. .
Caló F., Steiner A., Millar S., Teasdale S.	The impact of a community-based music intervention on the health and well-being of young people: A realist evaluation	This characteristic triggered feelings of accomplishment (mechanism) among beneficiaries, which helped to increase their self-confidence (outcome). .
Waddington-Jones C., King A., Burnard P.	Exploring wellbeing and creativity through collaborative composition as part of hull 2017 city of culture	Capturing group members creative contributions in this way offers tangible evidence of accomplishment. .
Mahendran R., Rawtaer I., Fam J., Wong J., Kumar A.P., Gandhi M., Jing K.X., Feng L., Kua E.H.	Art therapy and music reminiscence activity in the prevention of cognitive decline: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial	Reminiscence provokes shared feelings and boosts self-esteem while the group process provides validation for each member 28 . .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	These likewise increase the general level of professionalism in subsequent productions and in the community. .
Selman P., Carter C., Lawrence A., Morgan C.	Re-connecting with a recovering river through imaginative engagement	As well as having a research function, it was important (from a research ethics perspective) that participants would reap rewards from their significant input of time and effort by developing their own skills and self-confidence. .
Williamson V.J., Bonshor M.	Wellbeing in brass bands: The benefits and challenges of group music making	The social effects from being part of a team working to produce a good performance which leads to a feeling of joy when that point is reached. .
Williamson V.J., Bonshor M.	Wellbeing in brass bands: The benefits and challenges of group music making	It helps lift me and make me feel good about what I do. .
Habron J., Butterly F., Gordon I., Roebuck A.	Being well, being musical: Music composition as a resource and occupation for older people	Participants also started to acknowledge their skill and to take more ownership of the compositional process as their apparent confidence in their skills increased. .
McNaughton A., Aldington S., Williams G., Levack W.M.M.	Sing Your Lungs Out: A qualitative study of a community singing group for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)	Performing to an audience boosted the confidence of the individuals and the group and gave them a real sense of achievement. .
Power A., Smyth K.	Heritage, health and place: The legacies of local community-based heritage conservation on social wellbeing	I can't complain cause Im really, really happy with the end product. .
Moore R.C., Straus E., Dev S.I., Parish S.M., Sueko S., Eyler L.T.	Development and pilot randomized control trial of a drama program to enhance well-being among older adults	Results The program was successfully completed and well-liked. .
Moore R.C., Straus E., Dev S.I., Parish S.M., Sueko S., Eyler L.T.	Development and pilot randomized control trial of a drama program to enhance well-being among older adults	However, engagement in dramatic exercises and rehearsing and performing a dramatic piece was reported by participants as a positive growth experience, as indicated by the post-treatment ratings of enhanced self-esteem, confidence and happiness. .
Brown J.L., MacDonald R., Mitchell R.	Are People Who Participate in Cultural Activities More Satisfied with Life?	Other aspects such as sense of achievement, sense of place and self-esteem may also explain these associations. .
Tyler N., Giles S., Daker-White G., McManus B.C., Panagioti M.	A patient and public involvement workshop using visual art and priority setting to provide patients with a voice to describe quality and safety concerns: Vitamin B12 deficiency and pernicious anaemia	Feedback from the work with the artist was generally positive. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	Art was experienced as having playful qualities, with participants gaining feelings of mastery when they steered their projects to a satisfactory completion. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	The satisfactions came not only from finishing an aesthetically pleasing article, but from making a gift that was meaningful to the recipient. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	And its a skill that people will really appreciate later in life. .
Tessa Mae Whelden	The Contribution of Music Involvement to the Wellbeing of College Students	Future research could also investigate the satisfaction that stems from performing, as well as how different forms of performance affect that level of satisfaction. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	As we have seen, our response to art is personal and subjective. .
McCarthy, K., F.; Ondaatje, E., H.; Zakaras, L., ; Brooks, A.,	Gifts of the muse: Reframing the debate about the benefits of the arts.	Indeed, only by focusing on individual experience can one understand how individuals become drawn to the arts in the first place, how they develop sustained interest, and how they access many of the effects we have described. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Artistic responses What we can do for ourselves depends on what we know of ourselves. .
Pienaar L., Reynolds F.	‘A respite thing’: A qualitative study of a creative arts leisure programme for family caregivers of people with dementia	The practical creative art-making sessions followed a person-centred philosophy, with participants able to choose from among a range of arts and crafts each week. .
Malyn B.O., Thomas Z., Ramsey-Wade C.E.	Reading and writing for well-being: A qualitative exploration of the therapeutic experience of older adult participants in a bibliotherapy and creative writing group	participants with a space where they can engage in meaningful activity, explore their subjective experiences and strive towards growth without any need to accept a label of pathology. .
Ploner J., Jones L.	Learning to belong? ‘Culture’ and ‘place making’ among children and young people in Hull, UK City of Culture 2017	Likewise, it was frequently linked to ideas about personal agency, liberty and freedom of expression which is, among others, expressed by personal acts of creation. .
Deane K., Fitch M., Carman M.	An innovative art therapy program for cancer patients.	You know, the self expression part of things.... .
Williams E., Dingle G.A., Jetten J., Rowan C.	Identification with arts-based groups improves mental wellbeing in adults with chronic mental health conditions	Arts-based activities also bring about self-discovery and self-expression (Dingle et al., 2013; Van Lith et al., 2013). .
Newman A., Goulding A., Davenport B., Windle G.	The role of the visual arts in the resilience of people living with dementia in care homes	However, it was apparent that the respondents were able to create art individually or collectively, and were able to access a range of resources, including past identities, to help them express a creative response to a particular topic, despite losses associated with their condition. .
Wyatt M., Liggett S.	The Potential of Painting: Unlocking Disenfranchised Grief for People Living With Dementia	Meaning emanates through the creative process ability to provide an outlet for the artists own expression (Mcniff, 2008). .
Morris J.H., Kelly C., Toma M., Kroll T., Joice S., Mead G., Donnan P., Williams B.	Feasibility study of the effects of art as a creative engagement intervention during stroke rehabilitation on improvement of psychosocial outcomes: Study protocol for a single blind randomized controlled trial: The ACES study	Preferences, based on participants interests, occupation, life experiences and previous experience of art will be explored in the initial session and at each subsequent point of progression to ensure that the materials and the topic for creative exploration, is tailored to the individual. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	Creative activities provided a means of crafting the self, through for example, expressing continuities of self in past, present and future projects, maintaining family traditions, engaging in self-reflection, gaining affirmative responses from others, and acquiring a valued identity as an artist. .
Reynolds F., Vivat B., Prior S.	Womens experiences of increasing subjective well-being in CFS/ME through leisure-based arts and crafts activities: A qualitative study	Participants also tended to be familiar with craft skills; had family members interested in arts and crafts, and some desired a means to express grief and loss. .
Reynolds F., Vivat B., Prior S.	Womens experiences of increasing subjective well-being in CFS/ME through leisure-based arts and crafts activities: A qualitative study	The reasons that participants gave for turning to arts and crafts as a way of living with their health problems will be explored next. .
Reynolds F., Vivat B., Prior S.	Womens experiences of increasing subjective well-being in CFS/ME through leisure-based arts and crafts activities: A qualitative study	A few turned to art to express emotions about their illness. .
Reynolds F., Vivat B., Prior S.	Womens experiences of increasing subjective well-being in CFS/ME through leisure-based arts and crafts activities: A qualitative study	Some turned to art to express feelings about their illness. .
Matarasso, F.,	A restless art. How participation won, and why it matters.	to make art with others, people need technical competences and crafts, organisation, teamwork, imagination, creativity and life experience. .
Morse, N.; Thomson, L.J.M.; Brown, Z.; Chatterjee, H.J.	Effects of creative museum outreach sessions on measures of confidence, sociability and well-being for mental health and addiction recovery service-users	Participants were enabled to learn new skills and crafts to take back to other parts of their lives: Learning a new interest - Im going to make a proggy mat at home! .
Beauchet O., Cooper-Brown L., Hayashi Y., Galery K., Vilcocq C., Bastien T.	Effects of thursdays at the Museum at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts on the mental and physical health of older community dwellers: The art-health randomized clinical trial protocol	They manage the interactive hands-on art activities, with special attention given to creativity, handcrafting techniques, and fine motor skills. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	This vocational education, cultural training and employment activity helps to develop local indigenous youth into skilled crafts people with both artistic talent and viable employment skills. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	They had enjoyed the creative work, and felt that they had learnt a lot about their lifestyles: whilst one might not accept every claim of changed habits, arts work proved to be an effective medium for carrying ideas. .
Azevedo, M.,	The evaluation of the social impacts of culture: culture, arts and development	In fact, cumulative engagement allows the individual to become more familiar, knowledgeable and connected to the language of the arts form. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Through residencies, participants can also get a better understanding of the creation process and of the hidden work of artists from the inside: this can change their point of view as spectators, but also as art makers. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Experiences like this can have effects on all the aspect of your life, because art is transformative and can transform you. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	This process has changed also the perception of the performing arts as a whole creative sector. .
Jermyn, H.,	The art of inclusion	Participant My views havent changed because I love the arts but my understanding and my appreciation of literature have increased. .
Harland, J., ; Kinder , K., ; Hartley, K.,	Arts in their view. A study of youth participation in the arts.	Participation in the arts also included some interesting differences. .
Kelly M., Rivas C., Foell J., Llewellyn-Dunn J., England D., Cocciadiferro A., Hull S.	Unmasking quality: Exploring meanings of health by doing art	Materials and art techniques were used to explore the subject matter in a way that resonated with the individuals in the groups. .
Sunderland N., Lewandowski N., Bendrups D., Bartleet B.-L.	Music, health and wellbeing: Exploring music for health equity and social justice	In addition to these levels of culture, the model also highlights what I call the culture-dependent and culture-transcendent levels of consideration. .
Young R., Camic P.M., Tischler V.	The impact of community-based arts and health interventions on cognition in people with dementia: A systematic literature review	The authors observed people participating in the art programme as well as in other traditional day centre activities such as crafts. .
Goulding A.	How can contemporary art contribute toward the development of social and cultural capital for people aged 64 and older	After only three visits participants were beginning to analyze the works of art in different ways, developing their knowledge and understanding of contemporary arts practice and its surrounding discourses (that is, developing their cultural capital). .
Montalto, V., ; Campagna, D., ; Caperna, G.,	Does Culture Make a Better Citizen? Exploring the Relationship Between Cultural and Civic Participation in Italy	This is interesting as it supports the hypothesis that people that participate in arts are also the ones engaging more in society, despite the fact that time is a limited resource. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	Those residencies effectively deeply involved the participatory group in the artistic creation process and, beside that, their participatory strategy was clever and attractive. .
Guetzkow, J.,	How the Arts Impact Communities: An introduction to the literature on arts impact studies	Some community-based arts programs are organized around such communities. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Co-creation can take the participant on an exciting journey, create a pleasurable experience and deepen the engagement in art for an individual participant (Walmsley, 2013). .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Artistic projects and processes Venues are not the only responsible for successful participation; as artists specific qualities and strategies affect the process as well. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Community arts projects can also be powerful catalysts for driving social change. .
Brown, A., S.; Novak-Leonard, J., L.; Gilbride, S.,	Getting in on the act: How arts groups are creating opportunities for active participation.	Finding the right setting for an active arts program can greatly increase its chances of success.21 The Internet, as a relatively new setting for arts participation, has expanded the definition of community beyond geographic boundaries and added an important dimension to the arts ecology. .
Reynolds F., Vivat B., Prior S.	Womens experiences of increasing subjective well-being in CFS/ME through leisure-based arts and crafts activities: A qualitative study	Recourse to artmaking was one strategy among several leisure and lifestyle adjustments that participants deliberately made in order to live more positively with CFS/ME. .
Carnegie A., Norris M.	Strengthening communities, building capacity, combating stigma: exploring the potential of culture-led social housing regeneration	The community arts practitioners interviewed for this article also argued that spending on enabling disadvantaged communities to access arts and culture can also be justified as a means in itself - of democratization of access to these activities, rather than merely as a means to the end of regenerating these neighbourhoods. .
Gillam T.	Enhancing public mental health and wellbeing through creative arts participation	Participatory arts are one aspect of the role of arts in health. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	This kind of intergenerational contact was evident, and valued, in other projects, especially those based primarily on a geographical area, like Wymering in Portsmouth, where art workshops had enabled young and old to work together. .
Roe B., McCormick S., Lucas T., Gallagher W., Winn A., Elkin S.	Coffee, Cake & Culture: Evaluation of an art for health programme for older people in the community	Benefits were not just limited to the visits but continued in terms of friendships between residents, care staff seeing older people in a new light because of social interaction and creative activity. .
Pearce E., Launay J., Machin A., Dunbar R.I.M.	Is Group Singing Special? Health, Well-Being and Social Bonds in Community-Based Adult Education Classes	For instance, a number of crafters reported enjoying the sharing of ideas and learning new techniques from each other: We all seem to talk and help each other with ideas. .
Lee K.L., Mustaffa M.S., Tan S.Y.	Visual arts in counselling adults with depressive disorders	This allowed us to gain an insight into their perspectives and experiences before, during, and after the art-making activities. .
Reynolds F.	Colour and communion: Exploring the influences of visual art-making as a leisure activity on older womens subjective well-being	Even though artistic activities were mostly carried out within the home, they nevertheless brought participants into contact with others, and helped to maintain reciprocal relationships, based on mutual interests and care-giving rather than age or dependency. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	Performing arts organisations are therefore called to acknowledge and welcome the benefits of using digital for audience development practices: Digital in Audience Development strategies gives not only the possibility to explore new ways in communication and advertising (through social media and the Internet), but also in the area of audience analysis (big data, digital social data, ticketing, profiling, behavioural tracking, etc.) and in the domain of augmented virtual and interactive / peer-to-peer experiences. .
Jackson, A., ; McManus, R.,	SROI in the art gallery; valuing social impact	In addition, the team also sought to improve their understanding of their audiences, thus better informing their exhibitions and programming. .
Vrtana D., Krizanova A., Skorvagova E., Valaskova K.	Exploring the affective level in adolescents in relation to advertising with a selected emotional appeal	They seek to promote products and services through influencers to support shopping behavior and strengthen engagement. .
Carty S., Thompson L., Berger S., Jahnke K., Llewellyn R.	Books on Prescription - Community-based health initiative to increase access to mental health treatment: An evaluation	Develop a promotion plan to increase the frequency and salience of program promotion for both prescribers and the general public. .
Russell M.G.	Evolving media metrics from assumed attention to earned engagement	They provide greater options for the creation, delivery and adaptation of communications campaigns; and tracking can be specific to the user, event and product. .
Evans, G.,	Measure for measure: evaluating the evidence of culture’s contribution to regeneration.	Mono-use complexes and/or those Dominanted at particular times by one user-group can also create exclusion and unsafe perceptions by other groups. .
Bonet, L., ; Calvano, G., ; Carnelli, L., ; Dupin-Meynard, F., ; Négrier, M.,	Be SpectACTive! Challenging Participation in Performing Arts	We were worried, that the relationship with audience became distant and passive. .
Blessi, G.T., ; Tremblay , D., G.; Sandri, M., ; Pilati, T.,	New trajectories in urban regeneration processes: Cultural capital as source of human and social capital accumulation – Evidence from the case of Tohu in Montreal	Others noted that the structures of some of the activities organized were not geared toward meeting new people. .
Crossick, G.,	The Social Impact of Cultural Districts	The creation of the kind of atmosphere appreciated by regular cultural visitors may, of course, deter those whom social equity programmes seek to attract. .
la Cour K., Josephsson S., Luborsky M.	Creating connections of life during life-threatening illness: Creative activity experienced by elderly people and occupational therapists	Thus the population could be considered to be biased, as people who did not choose to engage in such activity were not approached. .
Rohde P., Stice E., Gau J.M.	Effects of Three Depression Prevention Interventions on Risk for Depressive Disorder Onset in the Context of Depression Risk Factors	Results may also identify exclusion criteria that could be used to avoid delivering interventions to subpopulations that are unlikely to benefit. .
Parry M.S.	Public health heritage and policy: HIV and aids in museums and archives Herança e política de saúde pública: HIV e aids em museus e arquivos	Aside from general discomfort in front of a camera, stigma was also a major factor deterring people from participating. .
Konrath S.	Museums as Weavers of the Invisible Strings that Connect us	This may have the unintended consequence of excluding large groups of potential museum visitors who might find traditional art museum practices intimidating. .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	Rejecting the social experience could be a barrier to connection, increasing the likelihood of isolation. .
Todd C., Camic P.M., Lockyer B., Thomson L.J.M., Chatterjee H.J.	Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works	Being shy or anxious about socializing, one factor in social isolation, or skeptical, might lead someone to hold back and not engage more fully. .
MacRitchie J., Breaden M., Milne A.J., McIntyre S.	Cognitive, Motor and Social Factors of Music Instrument Training Programs for Older Adults’ Improved Wellbeing	However, negative contributions to the social dynamic of the group included frustrations with others seemingly not paying attention, and anxiety as some participants noted that they were afraid to play incorrectly. .
McNaughton A., Aldington S., Williams G., Levack W.M.M.	Sing Your Lungs Out: A qualitative study of a community singing group for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)	This stigma had created barriers to engagement in community activities in other contexts. .
Langdridge D., Gabb J., Lawson J.	Art as a pathway to impact: Understanding the affective experience of public engagement with film	We were rather surprised by the critical (at times, cynical) stance of some audience members and the distancing impact of this stance upon their affective engagement. .
Abdulla S.	The art of inclusion: Contradictions affecting theatre for development interventions in Malawi	Failure to do so risks blind or forced inclusion which alienates/excludes target communities. .
Abdulla S.	The art of inclusion: Contradictions affecting theatre for development interventions in Malawi	This in turn tended to alienate the community audience members and hindered their full participation in dialogue about some important issues raised by the performance. .
Wyatt M., Liggett S.	The Potential of Painting: Unlocking Disenfranchised Grief for People Living With Dementia	It is possible that this skewed the findings and that another sample of people would not show such an engagement with the painting. .
Abdulla S.	The art of inclusion: Contradictions affecting theatre for development interventions in Malawi	This mispositioning alienated most audience members of the community from the issues that the scene raised excluding them from a discussion they should have been a part of. .
Bonet, L., ; Négrier, E.,	Breaking the Fourth Wall. Proactive Audiences in the Performing Arts	The risk is to destroy any prospect of creation, social bond, civic concern of cultural diversity, and to align cultural exchanges with a purely commercial logic, or with the manipulation of popular tastes. .
Bonet, L., ; Colbert, F., ; Courchesne, A.,	From Creative Nations to Creative Cities: an example of center-periphery dynamic in cultural policies- City, culture and Society	However, this commercial strategy could backfire by limiting the local access to culture through price increases and by homogenizing public spaces with commercial franchises and sponsorships. .
Williams, D.,	The social impact of arts programs. How the arts measure up: Australian research into social impact.	Too many projects promising economic benefits and delivering disappointing results will see support for community cultural development reducing instead of increasing. .
Yung, E., H. K.; Zhang, Q., ; Chan, E., H.	Underlying social factors for evaluating heritage conservation in urban renewal districts	In addition, rent control, incentives and subsidies for the original inhabitants and local businesses could be provided in order to prevent escalating rents and gentrification and loss of local character. .
Richards, I.,	Archives as a cornerstone of community growth: developing community archives in Brandon, Manitoba.	Ironically, the demands of too many community sponsors may ultimately limit archives ability to engage with the community in general. .
Grodach, C.,	Museums as Urban Catalysts: The Role of Urban Design in Flagship Cultural Development	The research demonstrates that certain urban design characteristics can negatively affect the ability of a project to attract visitors and generate commercial activity. .
Grodach, C.,	Museums as Urban Catalysts: The Role of Urban Design in Flagship Cultural Development	The research shows that certain urban design characteristics can negatively affect the ability of a project to attract visitors and generate commercial activity. .
Cerreta M., Daldanise G., Sposito S.	Culture-led regeneration for urban spaces Monitoring complex values networks in action	Indeed, it is common that the practices dissipate the efforts and thus weaken the outputs and jeopardize the opportunities of being engaged in wider cultural, social, and economic arenas. .
Ozden P.	Culture-led regeneration projects in post-industrial areas: The Istanbul experience	Indeed, it is common that the practices dissipate the efforts and thus weaken the outputs and jeopardize the opportunities of being engaged in wider cultural, social, and economic arenas. .
Scarpaci J.L., Sovacool B.K., Ballantyne R.	A Critical Review of the Costs of Advertising: a Transformative Consumer Research Perspective	By romanticizing goods rather than people, advertising erodes spirituality and a sense of community. .
Peters C., Witschge T.	From grand narratives of democracy to small expectations of participation: Audiences, citizenship, and interactive tools in digital journalism	Partially, this is a response geared towards potential economic benefit; in the age of Web 2.0 discouraging audience interaction may be seen as an isolating or losing proposition. .
Matarasso, F.,	Use or ornament? The social impact of participation in the arts	Change among individuals can become change among groups and communities. .
Jeannotte, M., S.	Singing alone? The contribution of cultural capital to social cohesion and sustainable communities	It is a social operating system that influences attitudes, behavior and responses to change. .
Vrtana D., Krizanova A., Skorvagova E., Valaskova K.	Exploring the affective level in adolescents in relation to advertising with a selected emotional appeal	This type of advertising can significantly influence the social perception of adolescents, their shopping behavior, and respect for traditional values. .
Pollay R.W.	Targeting youth and concerned smokers: Evidence from Canadian tobacco industry documents	The tactic was to influence consumer perceptions. .
Guariguata L., Rouwette E.A.J.A., Murphy M.M., Ville A.S., Dunn L.L., Hickey G.M., Jones W., Samuels T.A., Unwin N.	Using group model building to describe the system driving unhealthy eating and identify intervention points: A participatory, stakeholder engagement approach in the Caribbean	Any decrease in unhealthy eating could reverse the effect of a feedback loop shifting cultural norms around unhealthy eating, thus further affecting the decisions of individuals. .
Russell M.G.	Evolving media metrics from assumed attention to earned engagement	Additionally, changes in the way advertising messages are consumed reflect changes in how people relate to each other and to their media, as well as to their brands, products and services. .
Russell M.G.	Evolving media metrics from assumed attention to earned engagement	Several innovative measurements have been pioneered as measures of the success of advertising in influencing the consumer decision pathway; they address one or more elements of the media, the consumer, or the context. .
Abdulla S.	The art of inclusion: Contradictions affecting theatre for development interventions in Malawi	This in turn distances the community from the issues being presented by the performance shifting it towards a spectacle and reducing its capacity for intervention. .
Beauchet O.; Cooper-Brown L.A.; Hayashi Y.; Deveault M.; Launay C.P.	Improving the mental and physical health of older community-dwellers with a museum participatory art-based activity: results of a multicentre randomized controlled trial	Results: Well-being and quality of life improved significantly in the intervention group compared to the control group. .
Sit S.M.-M.; Lai A.Y.-K.; Kwok T.-O.; Wong H.-W.; Wong Y.-L.; Chow E.; Kwok Y.-K.; Wang M.-P.; Ho S.-Y.; Lam T.-H.	Development and evaluation of two brief digital health promotion game booths utilizing augmented reality and motion detection to promote well-being at a gerontechnology summit in Hong Kong	Simple tools measuring happiness and perceived benefits showed positive results. .
Steel J.	Children’s wellbeing and reading engagement: the impact of reading to dogs in a Scottish Primary 1 classroom	Results suggest improved wellbeing and engagement in reading for all; however, the greatest improvements were found in the most vulnerable. .
Bahramian F.; Abolfaz S.; Mousavi; Aslani M.A.; Ahmadinejad B.; Bayati H.; Jalali A.	Dance-based interventions on balance and falls in the elderly in order to health promotion: a literature review	Consequently, they might be viewed as promoting this population's health. .
Özümerzifon Y.; Ross A.; Brinza T.; Gibney G.; Garber C.E.	Exploring a Dance/Movement Program on Mental Health and Well-Being in Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence During a Pandemic	Conclusions: This complex study was successfully completed during a global pandemic and resulted in improvements in some mental health symptoms and overall well-being. .
Pineo H.	Towards healthy urbanism: inclusive, equitable and sustainable (THRIVES)–an urban design and planning framework from theory to praxis	If widely adopted, this Framework may contribute towards achieving the goals of sustainable development through a focus on increasing human health and wellbeing in urban development. .
Yöyen E.; Barış T.G.; Sezer C.	Investigation of the Efficiency of Psychological Support Videos as an Approach to the Protection of Mental Health of Medics During the Pandemic Process	After watching the psychological support videos, the anxiety scores of the health workers decreased. .
Özümerzifon Y.; Ross A.; Brinza T.; Gibney G.; Garber C.E.	Exploring a Dance/Movement Program on Mental Health and Well-Being in Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence During a Pandemic	Over the course of the study, the participants' symptoms of PTSD and psychological distress lessened. .
Sharp E.	A Review of the Exhibit Fix: Heartbreak and Hope: Inside Our Opioid Crisis: Finding Common Ground Between Health Promotion and Museum Practice	The exhibit illuminates the ways interactive health exhibits can engage adult visitors, reduce stigma, provide knowledge that visitors can use to exercise control over their health, and expand awareness of the need for evidence-based approaches to public health crises. .
Jenkins C.L.; Sykes S.; Wills J.	Public Libraries as Supportive Environments for Children’s Development of Critical Health Literacy	Critical health literacy enables individuals to use cognitive and social resources for informed action on the wider determinants of health. .
Ladd D.L.; Hurst E.J.; Brewer A.	LIBRARY COMMUNITY HEALTH OUTREACH: THE ROLE OF THE LIBRARY MANAGER	Librarians can help increase the health literacy skills of community members by providing health outreach programming to the communities they serve. .
Huang M.-C.; Hung C.-H.; Yu C.-Y.; Lin K.-C.	Multimedia Health Education on Insulin Injection Skills for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes	Background: Multimedia health education may be applied to improve self-care behaviors in patients. .
Pasetto R.; Innocenti Malini G.	Promoting environmental justice in contaminated areas by combining environmental public health and community theatre practices	The paradigm of Environmental Justice and the framework of community capacity (community capacities) are at stake in promoting environmental public health in communities affected by contaminated sites. .
Gozzoli P.C.; Rongrat T.; Gozzoli R.B.	Design Thinking and Urban Community Development: East Bangkok	The results reveal the aspirations of the local community towards improving social and environmental issues. .
Jiménez Martín D.; Ramírez Saiz A.; Ajuriaguerra Escudero M.A.	Urban Accessibility in World Heritage Cities. Accessibility Considerations in Pedestrian Routes in Historic City Centres	This implies a responsibility to conserve all the heritage wealth of these places. .
Uzgör O.; Sirel A.; Caymaz G.F.Y.	An Investigation of Urban Equipment Design in the Historical Environment based on Hagia Sophia - Sultan Ahmed Square Example	Historical environment requires a respectful act of conservation with a view to sustain cultural heritage. .
Cho K.Y.; Kusumo C.M.L.; Tan K.K.H.; Rasoolimanesh S.M.	A systematic review of indicators for sustainability of urban heritage sites	Recognising its potential for economic development, many local municipalities are putting forward efforts to revitalise these areas. .
Escolà-Gascón Á.; Dagnall N.; Denovan A.; Maria Alsina-Pagès R.; Freixes M.	Evidence of environmental urban design parameters that increase and reduce sense of place in Barcelona (Spain)	Application of these will improve urban planning by enhancing decision making efficacy. .
Zheng X.; Yang J.	Urban road network design for alleviating residential exposure to traffic pollutants: Super-block or Mini-block?	The results can serve as a basis for supporting the new design and urban redevelopment to improve neighborhood liveability. .
Ziafati Bafarasat A.	Strategic urban design for sustainable development: A framework for studio and practice	Deploying strategy, which is the science of making the most effective use of a situation to achieve goals, to urban design helps overcome these challenges. .
Sędzicki D.; Cudzik J.; Nyka L.	Computer-Aided Greenery Design—Prototype Green Structure Improving Human Health in Urban Ecosystem	The search to improve the quality of life in cities becomes one of the priority objectives. .
Domenico G.; Carla C.G.; Margherita M.	Experimental models of pedestrian flows as support to design new sustainable paths in urban context	Attention has been paid to the pedestrian mobility which today represents a great opportunity for urban regeneration and the enhancement of historic centers and villages. .
Beretić N.; Đukanović Z.; Campus G.	Plural city: layered singularities and urban design: case of Belgrade City (RS)	All this creates a need for reframing the perspective on the city and its management. .
South J.; Woodall J.; Southby K.; Jones R.; Yates G.; Kinsella K.; May E.	Volunteerism, social context and health impacts: a qualitative study of Glasgow Commonwealth Games event volunteers	Wider social impacts were also reported including a renewed sense of pride in the city. .
Phukamchanoad P.	Urban community study on design thinking: A case study of product development in Wat Pracharabuedham community 1–4, Dusit District, Bangkok, Thailand	The product not only added value to the communities but also promoted their sustainability. .
Xu Y.; Tian S.; Wang Q.; Zhang Y.; Yuan X.; Ma Q.; Ma H.; Liu C.	Optimization path design for urban travel system based on CO2-congestion-satisfaction multi-objective synergy: Case study in Suzhou, China	It can also improve resident satisfaction. .
Zhou W.	The Application and Development of Mural Art in Urban Public Environment Landscape Design	With the gradual improvement of social and economic levels, cities not only meet people's basic living needs, but also have an artistic expression to a certain extent, and the public pays more attention to the beauty of the external environment. .
Salamagy H.B.; Alves F.B.; do Vale C.P.	Urban Design Solutions for the Environmental Requalification of Informal Neighbourhoods: The George Dimitrov Neighbourhood, Maputo	This article aimed to develop sustainable and resilient urban design proposals and identify strategies capable of guiding the future process of physical territorial transformation towards a more sustainable model. .
Weng Y.; Wang J.; Yang Y.; Zheng S.	Urban Greenspace Layout Using a Behavior-Integrated Framework: Case Study of the Masterplan of Huairou Science City Urban Design	It plays an important role in urban public policy making. .
Koçak Güngör M.; Bostancı B.; Yılmaz Bakır N.; Doğan U.	Investigation of Urban Design Approaches in Renewal Areas with Hybrid Decision Model	Within the scope of realizing more qualified urban places, design criteria should also be taken into account in the project design processes. .
Wang Y.; Su Y.; Koerniawan M.D.	Climate-Sensitive Urban Design for Thermal Comfort	This chapter provides practical implications and useful guidance for the urban planning and design. .
Pizarro C.C.; Marchevsky M.R.; Scandela L.A.; David B.; de la Cerda M.L.	Potential implications from the methodological application of Design Thinking in urban design processes. Analysis from the designer's experience; Potenciales implicaciones en la aplicación metodológica del Design Thinking en procesos de diseño urbano. Análisis desde la experiencia del diseñador	This research aims to identify the potential implications of the Design Thinking methodology applied to Urban Design processes, as a useful tool to guide situated design processes and innovation facing complexity, learning through the process based on reflective action learning among others. .
Elshater A.; Abusaada H.	Developing Process for Selecting Research Techniques in Urban Planning and Urban Design with a PRISMA-Compliant Review	This study aimed to develop a more effective process for assisting urban planners and designers in selecting appropriate research techniques. .
Faedda S.; Plaisant A.; Talu V.; Tola G.	The Role of Urban Environment Design on Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Scoping Review	The resulting framework is useful for guiding healthy city planning toward public policies, tools, regulations, urban measures, and emergency contrast provisions, that contribute to increasing the effectiveness in terms of safety and well-being. .
Thomson G.; Newman P.; Hes D.; Bennett J.; Taylor M.; Johnstone R.	Nature-Positive Design and Development: A Case Study on Regenerating Black Cockatoo Habitat in Urban Developments in Perth, Australia	The strategies, if systematically operationalised through urban planning, could allow city-scale ecological gain. .
Tosi F.; Brischetto A.; Iacono E.; Rinaldi A.	Design, Inclusion and Sustainable Development: Guidelines for the Creation of a People-Centred Urban Park	Nowadays society, increasingly oriented towards actions to enhance its urban contexts, tries to promote better lifestyles and increasingly inclusive social practices. .
Gao C.; Hou J.; Ma Y.; Yang J.	Evaluation and Analysis of Design Elements for Sustainable Renewal of Urban Vulnerable Spaces	The sustainable renewal design of urban vulnerable spaces is critical for urban space quality improvement. .
Brunelli L.; Smith H.; Woolrych R.	A salutogenic urban design framework: the case of UK local high streets and older people	Linking these categories with urban design concepts in a comprehensive framework, it is possible to guide interventions aimed at strenghtening well-being resources available in the public realm. .
Ziafati Bafarasat A.	Strategic urban design for sustainable development: A framework for studio and practice	Urban design seeks to apply the goals of sustainable development in the physical design of cities. .
Ziafati Bafarasat A.	Strategic urban design for sustainable development: A framework for studio and practice	It proposes a framework of strategic urban design for participative, timely and implementable physical design for sustainable urban development. .
Xu L.; Zhang Y.; Li F.; Yin J.	Perceptual difference of urban public spaces between design professionals and ‘laypersons’: Evidence, health implications and ready-made urban design templates	Urban Public Spaces (UPS) are important arenas for human interaction and social activities, and ensuring their quality and functionality is crucial for a successful urban design with public health benefits. .
Meng M.-R.; Xi C.; Feng Z.; Cao S.-J.	Environmental co-benefits of urban design to mitigate urban heat island and PM2.5 pollution: Considering prevailing wind’s effects	These findings could potentially provide a guide for future building/urban design to improve the urban environment from the perspective of building and road construction. .
He Q.; Reith A.	(Re)Defining Restorative and Regenerative Urban Design and Their Relation to UNSDGs—A Systematic Review	Moreover, future work should examine the design patterns that are closely related to restorative and regenerative urban design to better guide the concrete practice. .
Hooimeijer F.L.; Bricker J.D.; Pel A.J.; Brand A.D.; Van De Ven F.H.M.; Askarinejad A.	Multi- and interdisciplinary design of urban infrastructure development	Due to the environmental crisis, there is a need for a more conscious and integrating design process within the field of urban infrastructure development. .
Teoh M.-Y.; Shinozaki M.; Saito K.; Said I.	Developing climate-led landscapes and greenery in urban design: a case study at Ipoh, Malaysia	Designing urban landscapes for climate change adaptation and mitigation has been highly promoted in contemporary urban development. .
Lee S.	The safety of public space: urban design guidelines for neighborhood park planning	This study can assist urban designers and planners to develop appropriate urban design guidelines for neighborhood park planning. .
Lamb Z.; Khirfan L.	Against Climate Haussmannization: Transformation Through and in Urban Design	Urban design is an essential component of planning for climate transformation. .
Umair M.; Rana I.A.; Lodhi R.H.	The impact of urban design and the built environment on road traffic crashes: A case study of Rawalpindi, Pakistan	The study highlights the need to consider urban form and design factors for road accident prevention and management. .
Mrđenović T.	AESTHETIC COMMUNICATION DISCOURSE OF URBAN DESIGN FOR FOURTH ORDER DESIGN IN SUSTAINABLE URBAN REGENERATION	The research examines several aspects of urban design in order to build on its integrative potential for sustainable urban regeneration. .
Mirzabeigi S.; Razkenari M.	Design optimization of urban typologies: A framework for evaluating building energy performance and outdoor thermal comfort	In this study, we developed a multi-phase optimization framework for conceptual urban design. .
Mirzabeigi S.; Razkenari M.	Design optimization of urban typologies: A framework for evaluating building energy performance and outdoor thermal comfort	This framework contributes to identifying an acceptable range of design solutions by broadening the perspective of the field toward using a more customized optimization framework in early design that will further guarantee the requirements of energy efficient and sustainable cities. .
Burry M.	A new agenda for AI-based urban design and planning	The core premise is fundamentally shifting urban development toward meaningful citizen participation within the planning and urban design processes leading to more sustainable and resilient future urban environments. .
Buttazzoni A.; Dean J.; Minaker L.	Urban design and adolescent mental health: A qualitative examination of adolescent emotional responses to pedestrian- and transit-oriented design and cognitive architecture concepts	With the continued migration of people into cities, urban environments are becoming increasingly important determinants of health. .
Rivero-Moreno L.D.	The shared-city: cultural heritage as a driver for the re-creation of the urban storytelling; La ciudad compartida: el patrimonio cultural como herramienta para la recreación del relato urbano	This multiplies the possibilities for democratic, open and participatory urban planning. .
Campanale E.R.; Maragno M.; Annese G.; Cafarelli A.; Coretti R.; Argemì J.; Cibelli M.T.; Sannicandro R.; Montan C.; Faccincani R.	Hospital preparedness for mass gathering events and mass casualty incidents in Matera, Italy, European Capital of Culture 2019	The communication network was improved. .
Clifford A.; Byrne S.; Ni Bhriain O.; Cheung P.S.; Sheikhi A.; Woods C.; O'Neill D.; Gowran R.; Glynn L.; Moss H.; Louw Q.; Thebane L.; Coote S.; Salsberg J.	Preliminary findings from the early phases of the Music and Movement for Health study: the feasibility of an arts-based health programme for older adults	This feedback was vital in strengthening our community-based approach as well as effecting change at the local level. .
Bungay H.; Hughes S.; Jacobs C.; Zhang J.	Dance for Health: the impact of creative dance sessions on older people in an acute hospital setting	Results: Statistically significant improvements were observed in the mood of the majority of patients taking part. .
O’Hagan L.A.	Music for Mental Health: An Autoethnography of the Rory Gallagher Instagram Fan Community	For many, online music fandoms have offered an important platform to combat loneliness and aid well-being. .
Balcombe L.; De Leo D.	Linking music streaming platform advertisements with a digital mental health assessment and interventions	As an example, music-based interventions have been positively used in health care to reduce stress, anxiety and depression through music medicine, music therapy and recreational use. .
Wang F.; Huang X.; Zeb S.; Liu D.; Wang Y.	Impact of Music Education on Mental Health of Higher Education Students: Moderating Role of Emotional Intelligence	Music has numerous physiological aspects, and listening to it on a daily basis may be beneficial to your general health and well-being. .
Lu D.	Evaluation Model of Music Therapy's Auxiliary Effect on Mental Health Based on Artificial Intelligence Technology	Music therapy has a positive auxiliary treatment effect on mental health. .
Musgrave G.	Music and wellbeing vs. musicians’ wellbeing: examining the paradox of music-making positively impacting wellbeing, but musicians suffering from poor mental health	Therefore, a more sophisticated appreciation of the uses of music and its impact on wellbeing is required. .
Drewitt L.; Martin K.; Atkinson C.; Marczak M.	Providing music therapy for people with dementia in an acute mental health setting	The results indicated that music therapy significantly improved patient outcomes following participation. .
McCrary J.M.; Altenmüller E.; Kretschmer C.; Scholz D.S.	Association of Music Interventions with Health-Related Quality of Life: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis	Importance: Increasing evidence supports the ability of music to broadly promote well-being and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). .
Hasselhorn J.; Krupp V.; Lin H.-R.; Beisiegel J.; Kopiez R.	Music-cultural participation as a predictor for subjective wellbeing: are personality traits significant?; Musikalisch-kulturelle Teilhabe als Prädiktor für allgemeine Lebenszufriedenheit: Sind Persönlichkeitsausprägungen bedeutsam?	At the same time, musical-cultural participation is said to have positive effects on the general life satisfaction of children and adolescents. .
Ma D.	Transformative Learning through Music Participation in a Dance Group Founded by Chinese Immigrants	The meanings of participation for individual participants were similar to the benefits of music participation shown in scholarly literature. .
Wright A.; Thomas B.L.; Asikin-Garmager A.; Wolfe S.M.	TAKING HEALTH INFORMATION TO THE NEXT LEVEL: STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIPS BETWEEN NLM AND PUBLIC LIBRARIES	Public libraries are vibrant and trusted community hubs that provide services, support, and resources in a variety of ways that impact the well-being of their communities. .
da Silva K.R.; de Souza F.G.; Bezerra A.P.L.; Oliveira B.A.S.; Gondim I.O.	Public itinerant libraries: a strategy for democratizing access and health promotion; Bibliotecas itinerantes públicas: estratégia de democratização de acesso e promoção da saúde ; Bibliotecas públicas itinerantes: estrategia para democratizar el acceso y la promoción de la salud	Thus, to expand access to reading and its benefits, itinerant libraries were developed. .
Ovchinnikova J.S.	ANTHROPOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF MUSIC-ORIENTATED HEALTH PROTECTION TECHNOLOGIES; АНТРОПОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ МУЗЫКАЛЬНО-ОРИЕНТИРОВАННЫХ ЗДОРОВЬЕСБЕРЕГАЮЩИХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ	Approbation of these factors by collective experience of traditional cultures helps to reveal their effectiveness and feasibility of using as the key principles of work in elaboration of music-orientated health protection technologies. .
Shang Y.	A Comprehensive Evaluation Method for the Effectiveness of Public Health-Oriented Music Performance Art Based on Blockchain Technology	The research findings can not only provide theoretical guidance for the formulation of public health policies but also provide technical support for the comprehensive evaluation of the effectiveness of music performing arts activities. .
Wallen L.; Docherty-Hughes J.R.	Caring Spaces: Individual and Social Wellbeing in Museum Community Engagement Experiences	Emphasis is placed on how taking part in museum community engagement projects can have a positive impact on the participants wellbeing. .
Walker W.S.	History museums: Enhancing audience engagement through digital technologies	Approaching digital history with audience engagement in mind enables history museums to achieve more effectively critical goals related to relevance, collaborative practice, and community service. .
Šveb Dragija M.; Jelinčić D.A.	Can Museums Help Visitors Thrive? Review of Studies on Psychological Wellbeing in Museums	The results showed that museums can enhance visitors and other stakeholders psychological wellbeing. .
Dai J.; Bartlett J.C.; Moffatt K.	Library services enriching community engagement for dementia care: The Tales & Travels Program at a Canadian Public Library as a case study	The study involves participant observations of the program and semi-structured interviews with people with dementia, caregivers, and program facilitators (librarians and Alzheimer Society coordinators). .
da Silva A.S.T.; Lopes M.M.; de Camargo R.M.P.; Buriola A.A.; Possa J.; da Rocha K.S.; de Oliveira M.C.V.R.	PERCEPTION OF USERS IN RELATION TO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY PRACTICES IN MENTAL HEALTH: MUSIC THERAPY; PERCEPÇÃO DE USUÁRIOS EM RELAÇÃO ÀS PRÁTICAS INTEGRATIVAS E COMPLEMENTARES NA SAÚDE MENTAL: MUSICOTERAPIA ; PERCEPCIÓN DE LOS USUARIOS DE LAS PRÁCTICAS INTEGRATIVAS Y COMPLEMENTARIAS EN LA SALUD MENTAL: MUSICOTERAPIA	Activities with music showed to be beneficial to motor coordination, memory, affectivity and expression of feelings. .
Lewis E.	Independent music-making during Covid-19 and mental health	It is important to understand how music creation can affect the mental health of individuals. .
Shang Y.	A Comprehensive Evaluation Method for the Effectiveness of Public Health-Oriented Music Performance Art Based on Blockchain Technology	Therefore, it is worthwhile to further explore how the effectiveness of music as a performing arts activity in the public health domain is evaluated. .
Drewitt L.; Martin K.; Atkinson C.; Marczak M.	Providing music therapy for people with dementia in an acute mental health setting	The outcome measure developed for this service evaluation was found to be a reliable tool for measuring the effectiveness of music therapy on patient outcomes. .
Sooktho S.; Songserm N.; Woradet S.; Suksatan W.	A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Dance Programs on Physical Performance: Appropriate Health Promotion for Healthy Older Adults	Regular dancing can help maintain physical function and improve the quality of life in this population. .
Mathisen T.F.; Sundgot-Borgen C.; Anstensrud B.; Sundgot-Borgen J.	Intervention in professional dance students to increase mental health- and nutrition literacy: A controlled trial with follow up	Such approaches may not only improve the mental health of dance students but also potentially prevent the high frequency of injuries. .
Rugh R.; Humphries A.; Tasnim N.; Basso J.C.	Healing minds, moving bodies: measuring the mental health effects of online dance during the COVID-19 pandemic	Our findings suggest that online dance can improve mood and increase community connectedness in healthy adults. .
Collard-Stokes G.; Yoon J.	Artist wellbeing: exploring the experiences of dance artists delivering community health and wellbeing initiatives	Research evidence indicates the ability of dance to improve physical and mental health and wellbeing through its unique combination of creative expression, movement and social connections. .
Collard-Stokes G.; Yoon J.	Artist wellbeing: exploring the experiences of dance artists delivering community health and wellbeing initiatives	The article examines the experiences, practices and professional development of dance artists/practitioners providing community dance programmes with a particular focus on enhancing participants wellbeing. .
Niranjan V.; Tarantino G.; Kumar J.; Cassidy N.; Galvin L.; O’Dowd G.; Barnes T.; O’Neill F.; Cullen M.; O’Connor R.; O’Regan A.	Dancing for Health and Wellbeing: A Feasibility Study of Examining Health Impacts of Online Dancing among Pulmonary Fibrosis Patients	Dance is one such form of PA which is meaningful, valuable, enjoyable and has demonstrated positive physical and mental health effects. .
Beaudry L.; Rochette A.; Fortin S.	Use of Adapted Dance to Intensify Subacute Rehabilitation Post-Stroke: A Qualitative Study on the Participation Experience and Active Participation Time	Conclusion The use of an adapted-dance group intervention can contribute to the intensification of stroke rehabilitation and have a positive impact on motivation and perceived effort. .
Vardopoulos I.	Industrial building adaptive reuse for museum. Factors affecting visitors’ perceptions of the sustainable urban development potential	Findings argue that adaptive reuse can have an overall impact on the long-term sustainable development of the surrounding area, in terms of improving the quality of life for the local society, empowering the cultural dimension, as well as making it a popular tourist destination. .
Šveb Dragija M.; Jelinčić D.A.	Can Museums Help Visitors Thrive? Review of Studies on Psychological Wellbeing in Museums	Hence, in order to do so, museums, as experience hubs and the most-visited cultural attraction, may use their potential to offer experiences that could help visitors thrive by increasing their psychological wellbeing. .
Wallen L.; Docherty-Hughes J.R.	Caring Spaces: Individual and Social Wellbeing in Museum Community Engagement Experiences	Museum community engagement projects, when practiced and experienced as spaces of care, have a critical role in enhancing individual and social wellbeing amongst participants themselves, particularly in terms of identifying long-term educational and self-worth legacies. .
Gallou E.; Uzzell D.; Sofaer J.	Perceived place qualities, restorative effects and self-reported wellbeing benefits of visits to heritage sites: Empirical evidence from a visitor survey in England	The results suggest that different components of heritage sites may contribute to increase in positive affect and reduction in anxiety elements of wellbeing. .
Leão M.T.G.; Brandão F.A.	Universities’ built heritage as a means to diversify urban tourist destinations’ cultural supply: the case of the University of Porto	The strategic sense of the heritage is emphasized, because of its location in charismatic areas of the city. .
Kiperman F.	Registers of transience: Heritage and urban change	Cultural materialism is vital to heritage management since, as Mutual explains, heritage buildings contribute to the significance, identity, and physical condition of a given area and enhance values related to history, continuity, familiarity, identity, and most importantly, the social and cultural life of a community. .
Oladipo O.S.; Grace O.; Ayodeji A.A.	Community Participation in Conservation and Management of E Cultural Heritage Resources in Yoruba Ethnic Group of South Western Nigeria	The sustainability of cultural heritage resources is strongly linked to the effective participation of local communities in the conservation and management of these resources. .
Sung M.	Influences of Rural Heritage on Resident Participation in Community Activities: A Case Study of the Villages of Jeoji-ri and Handong-ri on Jeju Island, South Korea	Background and objective: Recent research on cultural heritage has highlighted resident participation as an ideal method of managing local cultural heritages. .
Abdul Aziz N.A.; Mohd Ariffin N.F.; Ismail N.A.; Alias A.	Community Participation in the Importance of Living Heritage Conservation and Its Relationships with the Community-Based Education Model towards Creating a Sustainable Community in Melaka UNESCO World Heritage Site	Based on the mean comparison in gender, age level, and race, there is a positive significant relationship between the importance of living heritage and the local communitys participation level. .
Abdul Aziz N.A.; Mohd Ariffin N.F.; Ismail N.A.; Alias A.	Community Participation in the Importance of Living Heritage Conservation and Its Relationships with the Community-Based Education Model towards Creating a Sustainable Community in Melaka UNESCO World Heritage Site	The increasing of the participation level to ACTIVE would lead to a higher altitude, cultural knowledge, and awareness of the importance of living heritage in the local community. .
Echarri F.	The QuidArte program of the University Museum of Navarra: Art at the service of wellbeing and care in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic; El programa QuidArte del Museo Universidad de Navarra: el arte al servicio del bienestar y el cuidado en el contexto de la pandemia Covid-19	Museums can also focus on providing more care that results in the generation of wellbeing in the population that triggers a reduction of stress and anxiety. .
Ambegaonkar J.P.; Matto H.; Ihara E.S.; Tompkins C.; Caswell S.V.; Cortes N.; Davis R.; Coogan S.M.; Fauntroy V.N.; Glass E.; Lee J.; Baraniecki-Zwil G.; Dhokai N.	Dance, Music, and Social Conversation Program Participation Positively Affects Physical and Mental Health in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial	These study findings imply that providing fun and free community-engaged programs that empower participants to be more engaged can positively influence physical and mental health and promote successful aging in older adults..
Everill P.; Burnell K.	Archaeology, Heritage, and Wellbeing: Authentic, Powerful, and Therapeutic Engagement with the Past	Authentic engagement with the historic environment can also provide powerful tools for community health and wellbeing, and this book offers examples of the diverse communities that have benefited from its capacity to promote wellbeing and wellness. .
Maskeliūnas R.; Damaševičius R.; Kulikajevas A.; Marley J.; Larsson C.	Evaluation of MyRelief Serious Game for Better Self-Management of Health Behaviour Strategies on Chronic Low-Back Pain	Self-management, education, and adopting healthy lifestyle behaviors, such as increasing physical activity, are all widely recommended treatments. .
Logan T.M.; Hobbs M.H.; Conrow L.C.; Reid N.L.; Young R.A.; Anderson M.J.	The x-minute city: Measuring the 10, 15, 20-minute city and an evaluation of its use for sustainable urban design	This goal is often part of a strategy to reduce emissions and achieve sustainable and healthy urban design by encouraging walking and cycling. .
Cerin E.; Sallis J.F.; Salvo D.; Hinckson E.; Conway T.L.; Owen N.; van Dyck D.; Lowe M.; Higgs C.; Moudon A.V.; Adams M.A.; Cain K.L.; Christiansen L.B.; Davey R.; Dygrýn J.; Frank L.D.; Reis R.; Sarmiento O.L.; Adlakha D.; Boeing G.; Liu S.; Giles-Corti B.	Determining thresholds for spatial urban design and transport features that support walking to create healthy and sustainable cities: findings from the IPEN Adult study	An essential characteristic of a healthy and sustainable city is a physically active population. .
Yang M.	Effect of Reading Activities on Children's Mental Health under the Environment of Artificial Intelligence and Deep Learning	This can help students' analytical, thinking, writing, and other application skills, as well as give them the opportunity to learn from and build upon their first reading accumulation. .
Macdonald L.; Nicholls N.; Gallou E.; Monckton L.; Mitchell R.	Is spatial exposure to heritage associated with visits to heritage and to mental health? A cross-sectional study using data from the UK Household Longitudinal Study (UKHLS)	Our findings can feed into schemes to tackle inequality in heritage exposure to improve both heritage engagement and mental health. .
Gallou E.	Heritage and pathways to wellbeing: From personal to social benefits, between experience identity and capability shaping	Benefits related to exposure to or engagement with historic places are discussed, attempting a classification of academic papers and empirical published studies, according to various types of place experiences (range from experiencing to living in a historic environment). .
Gallou E.	Heritage and pathways to wellbeing: From personal to social benefits, between experience identity and capability shaping	The papers aims to assist further researchers to understand better the ways in which heritage activities can stimulate mental or physical health outcomes directly or indirectly, improve reporting across different types of places and help study the mechanisms of how these benefits occur at the individual and community level in further depth. .
Gallou E.; Uzzell D.; Sofaer J.	Perceived place qualities, restorative effects and self-reported wellbeing benefits of visits to heritage sites: Empirical evidence from a visitor survey in England	They suggest potential therapeutic benefits of visits to heritage sites for self-directed visits, and thus potential means of sustainably delivering support for public wellbeing at scale. .
Oladipo O.S.; Grace O.; Ayodeji A.A.	Community Participation in Conservation and Management of E Cultural Heritage Resources in Yoruba Ethnic Group of South Western Nigeria	Output from this research, emphasizes the need to improve the state of heritage properties through effective conservation and sustainable management practices and increasing community involvement and participation. .
Carlyle R.; Goswami L.; Robertson S.	Increasing participation by National Health Service knowledge and library services staff in patient and public information: The role of Knowledge for Healthcare, 2014–2019	Discussion: The study shows the benefits of engaging people with local expertise in developing the skills and resources for system-wide change. .
da Silva K.R.; de Souza F.G.; Bezerra A.P.L.; Oliveira B.A.S.; Gondim I.O.	Public itinerant libraries: a strategy for democratizing access and health promotion; Bibliotecas itinerantes públicas: estratégia de democratização de acesso e promoção da saúde ; Bibliotecas públicas itinerantes: estrategia para democratizar el acceso y la promoción de la salud	The library is a virtual environment for the compilation of information, the spread of knowledge, and the dissemination of culture, providing benefits such as the development of skills, creativity, and the promotion of health. .
Marwan I.; Rohayati N.	Students Mental Health and Learning Performance: The Moderating Impact of College Games	This research has supported a novel learning performance model that significantly contributes to knowledge. .
Sipiyaruk K.; Hatzipanagos S.; Vichayanrat T.; Reynolds P.A.; Gallagher J.E.	Evaluating a Dental Public-Health Game across Two Learning Contexts	Serious-game learning environments allow learners to improve knowledge and skills. .
Bradecki T.; Hallova A.; Stangel M.	Concretization of Sustainable Urban Design Education in the Project Based Learning Approach—Experiences from a Fulbright Specialist Project	The described experience was aimed at setting up engaging learning experiences to improve education in sustainable urban design. .
Wang C.-H.	Community participation in heritage conservation: Longan cultural landscape, Taiwan	The data and community trust built throughout the research project will be important for further planning and heritage conservation, including the possible promotion of projects related to the local economy, tourism, travel, and so on. .
Clifford A.; Byrne S.; Ni Bhriain O.; Cheung P.S.; Sheikhi A.; Woods C.; O'Neill D.; Gowran R.; Glynn L.; Moss H.; Louw Q.; Thebane L.; Coote S.; Salsberg J.	Preliminary findings from the early phases of the Music and Movement for Health study: the feasibility of an arts-based health programme for older adults	DISCUSSION: Through engaging with relevant stakeholders, this research aims to strengthen community systems by embedding feasible, enjoyable, sustainable and cost-effective programmes for older adults to support community connection and enhance health and wellbeing. .
Ward S.; James S.; James K.; Brown C.; Kokotsaki D.; Wigham J.	The benefits of music workshop participation for pupils’ wellbeing and social capital: the In2 music project evaluation	These emotions are strongly associated with social capital, which this study defines as the benefits that individuals and communities derive from positive interpersonal relationships. .
Thomas J.A.; Trigg J.; Morris J.; Miller E.; Ward P.R.	Exploring the potential of citizen science for public health through an alcohol advertising case study	Citizen science enriched the dataset and provided a powerful methodological vehicle to understand an environmental determinant of health. .
Petrescu-Mag R.M.; Petrescu D.C.; Ivan A.; Tenter A.	An intergenerational reading of climate change-health concern nexus: a qualitative study of the Millennials’ and Gen Z participants’ perceptions	Considering the perspectives of each generation may offer insights on how to engage them to act in an environmentally responsible way to counteract climate change effects. .
Abdul Aziz N.A.; Mohd Ariffin N.F.; Ismail N.A.; Alias A.	Community Participation in the Importance of Living Heritage Conservation and Its Relationships with the Community-Based Education Model towards Creating a Sustainable Community in Melaka UNESCO World Heritage Site	The aim of this article is to gather information on living heritage conservation toward creating a sustainability community by using the community-based education model on the communities attitudes, cultural knowledge, and awareness of the importance of living heritage, and their participation level towards living heritage conservation in Melaka UNESCO World Heritage Site. .
Pasetto R.; Innocenti Malini G.	Promoting environmental justice in contaminated areas by combining environmental public health and community theatre practices	While environmental public health research, especially if implemented through a community participative approach, has a central role in promoting the community capacity of knowledge, performing arts have great potential for empowering the other capacities. .
Pasetto R.; Innocenti Malini G.	Promoting environmental justice in contaminated areas by combining environmental public health and community theatre practices	A community-based approach for promoting environmental justice in contaminated sites requires the development of interventions integrating technical-scientific with cultural domains. .
Lam-Knott S.	Contested Meanings of Urban Heritage in Hong Kong	In contrast, civil society actors frame heritage as integral to redevelopment, producing a liveable city through enriching social conviviality. .
Leão M.T.G.; Brandão F.A.	Universities’ built heritage as a means to diversify urban tourist destinations’ cultural supply: the case of the University of Porto	The dissemination of cultural itineraries, which allows tourists and the community itself a broader and deeper cultural knowledge, contributes to the effective understanding of historic cities tourism. .
Zhou W.	The Application and Development of Mural Art in Urban Public Environment Landscape Design	Bring the citizens a historical and cultural understanding of the urban environment they live in and enjoy art. .
Gola M.; Capolongo S.	Who Says Hospitals Are Ugly? Evolution and Trends of Architectures for Health	As healing places, they require specific considerations in the project design to mitigate the sense of isolation and disorientation, to ease concerns and promote health. .
Gallou E.; Uzzell D.; Sofaer J.	Perceived place qualities, restorative effects and self-reported wellbeing benefits of visits to heritage sites: Empirical evidence from a visitor survey in England	We present an exploratory survey instrument designed and tested to generate empirical evidence on the association between the qualities of heritage sites, the restorative effects of a heritage visit, and the extent to which these are positively associated with self-reported subjective wellbeing benefits. .
Newman C.; George R.P.; Beitz T.; Bergson Z.; Zemon V.	Mental health issues among international touring professionals in the music industry	Findings suggest that interventions enhancing mindfulness and emotional/social well-being may serve as valuable treatment components for this population. .
Šveb Dragija M.; Jelinčić D.A.	Can Museums Help Visitors Thrive? Review of Studies on Psychological Wellbeing in Museums	The Museum Wellbeing Toolkit serves to measure the efficiency of the proposed guidelines in stimulating the psychological wellbeing of museum visitors. .
Šveb Dragija M.; Jelinčić D.A.	Can Museums Help Visitors Thrive? Review of Studies on Psychological Wellbeing in Museums	If backed by wellbeing policy frameworks, museums may increase their role in fostering psychological wellbeing. .
Wallen L.; Docherty-Hughes J.R.	Caring Spaces: Individual and Social Wellbeing in Museum Community Engagement Experiences	Participants narratives reveal the positive impacts that caring spaces engendered through museum community engagement work have on overall feelings of wellbeing, achieved through deep processes of critical reflection, which resulted in enhanced self-esteem and confidence, and a heightened awareness of participants situated ontology in the context of broader issues of social inequality and identities. .
Hsu T.-Y.; Liang H.-Y.	Museum engagement visits with a universal game-based blended museum learning service for different age groups	The results can be used to better understand the needs of different age groups and to effectively improve their museum experiences, thereby boosting their motivation regarding return visits. .
Everill P.; Burnell K.	Archaeology, Heritage, and Wellbeing: Authentic, Powerful, and Therapeutic Engagement with the Past	Importantly, this book also serves to highlight to mental health researchers the many ways in which archaeology and heritage can be, and are being, harnessed to support non-medical therapeutic interventions to improve wellbeing. .
Kresovich A.	An Experimental Test of Pop Music Lyrics Referencing Anxiety on Female College Students’ Audience Involvement and Peer Mental Health Empathy	Research suggests that pop songs that reference mental health difficulties may help to increase mental health empathy. .
Pike K.M.; Rebello T.J.; Hanasaki S.; Narita-Ohtaki R.; Kaufman P.; Akiyama T.; Doerries B.; Yang L.H.; Suzuki N.; Magill E.B.; Yasumura S.	The Tōhoku Theater Project in Postdisaster Japan: An Exemplar for Addressing Community Mental Health in the Context of Disaster	It employed the dramatic arts to support the healing process, promote resilience, and increase dialogue and understanding about mental health among individuals who were directly affected by the disasters. .
Hsu T.-Y.; Liang H.-Y.	Museum engagement visits with a universal game-based blended museum learning service for different age groups	An experiment is conducted herein to understand how visitors of different ages experience the museum's services as well as to address the design issues in aiming to satisfy the different age groups' needs. .
Dinç B.G.; Subaşı Ö.; Alaca I.V.	Reading, play, and critical engagement with cultural heritage: Associating children with Orientalist paintings through an interactive picturebook	Therefore, this study provides insights for practitioners on developing tools for children tailored for complex and challenging museum collections. .
Bavi A.; Gupta N.	Gamification of Digital Heritage as an Approach to Improving Museum and Art Gallery Engagement for Blind and Partially Sighted Visitors	Gamification of digital heritage can enable a more diverse group of visitors to fully participate in the museum and art gallery experience. .
Robinson J.	The City on Display: Architecture Festivals and the Urban Commons	This book will be beneficial for students and academics of architecture and urbanism, and especially those who have an interest in how the city gets exhibited at such festivals and even reimagined as something other than it currently is. .
Šveb Dragija M.; Jelinčić D.A.	Can Museums Help Visitors Thrive? Review of Studies on Psychological Wellbeing in Museums	This can be achieved by designing museum experiences that are attractive, comfortable (restorative), comprehensible, participative, innovative, and sustainable, relying on specific detailed guidelines provided in the article. .
Walker W.S.	History museums: Enhancing audience engagement through digital technologies	History museums utilize the tools and methods of digital history to increase the visibility of their collections and engage with visitors. .
Kunasekaran P.; Mostafa Rasoolimanesh S.; Wang M.; Ragavan N.A.; Hamid Z.A.	Enhancing local community participation towards heritage tourism in Taiping, Malaysia: application of the Motivation-Opportunity-Ability (MOA) model	Community participation is critical to tourism development, and how to promote community participation has become one of the major concerns of tourism practitioners and scholars. .
Li Y.; Sahari F.	The application of regional culture in urban public space design	A good urban public space environment should make people have a sense of historical belonging and show the characteristics of the city. .
Zhang W.; Zhang Y.; Wang J.	Effect and mechanism of reading habits on physical and mental health among the elderly: Evidence from China	Results indicate that the reading habits of the elderly have a significantly positive effect on their own physical and mental health. .
Steel J.	Children’s wellbeing and reading engagement: the impact of reading to dogs in a Scottish Primary 1 classroom	Wellbeing and effective engagement in reading are critical to successful learning and achievement throughout school and beyond. .
Merkle A.C.; Ferrell L.K.; Ferrell O.C.; Hair J.F., Jr.	Evaluating E-Book Effectiveness and the Impact on Student Engagement	Highly effective e-books result in higher levels of academic performance engagement. .
Sterling E.B.; Cleveland A.D.; Philbrick J.L.	Analyzing COVID-19 Resources on Association of Academic Health Sciences Libraries’ (AAHSL) Research Guides	It is necessary to further investigate how libraries can optimize research guides to benefit their users. .
Zanal Abidin N.S.; Shaifuddin N.; Wan Mohd Saman W.S.	Systematic Literature Review of the Bibliotherapy Practices in Public Libraries in Supporting Communities’ Mental Health and Wellbeing	This study contributes to the field of library and information management as it highlights the public libraries experienced in implementing bibliotherapy. .
Zanal Abidin N.S.; Shaifuddin N.; Wan Mohd Saman W.S.	Systematic Literature Review of the Bibliotherapy Practices in Public Libraries in Supporting Communities’ Mental Health and Wellbeing	Library practitioners could use the results to develop their strategies to ensure the success of the bibliotherapy as part of library services. .
Williams N.A.	Personal librarian programs in medical and academic health sciences libraries: a preliminary study	Increasing awareness of these programs and how they are implemented could create a larger and more accessible knowledge base for establishing best practices that similar libraries can look to when creating their own programs. .
Merga M.K.	How School Libraries Can Promote Health Literacy in Challenging Times	As information and digital literacy experts, school library professionals can draw upon their existing skillset and further extend their skills in order to play a key role in developing students health literacy, supporting their capacity to reject health misinformation and be discerning consumers of health information from a wide range of sources. .
Kont K.-R.; Piirsalu S.	Library Services in Spring 2020: Feedback Survey in Tallinn Health Care College, Estonia	The library should maintain and strengthen services that satisfy the needs of users, add new services, and work to improve users awareness of counseling services. .
da Silva K.R.; de Souza F.G.; Bezerra A.P.L.; Oliveira B.A.S.; Gondim I.O.	Public itinerant libraries: a strategy for democratizing access and health promotion; Bibliotecas itinerantes públicas: estratégia de democratização de acesso e promoção da saúde ; Bibliotecas públicas itinerantes: estrategia para democratizar el acceso y la promoción de la salud	Despite the benefits of itinerant libraries to expanding reading opportunities, it is necessary to encourage the creation and expansion of this type of library to strengthen contact with the book, promoting learning, entertainment, and health promotion. .
Ankamah S.; Gyesi K.; Amponsah V.	Use of electronic resources in research and learning in a health sciences library in Ghana: An analysis of awareness and perception of users	University libraries play a critical role by facilitating the use of their electronic resources and facilities available for students learning and research activities. .
Ankamah S.; Gyesi K.; Amponsah V.	Use of electronic resources in research and learning in a health sciences library in Ghana: An analysis of awareness and perception of users	The study made the following recommendations, among others, regular training on the use of e-resources, and libraries must collaborate effectively with lecturers to create awareness in the lecture hall and also some of the e-resources should be part of teaching instruction. .
DeVille S.D.; Sughrue J.A.	Linking Library Use to Student Engagement	This article describes one such effort to link student success to students use of the library. .
Chung E.Y.-H.; Tse T.T.-O.	Effect of human library intervention on mental health literacy: a multigroup pretest–posttest study	The human library intervention aims to establish a positive framework and safe space for dialogue between readers and a human book. .
Swanberg S.M.; Bulgarelli N.; Jayakumar M.; Look E.; Shubitowski T.B.; Wedemeyer R.; Yuen E.W.; Lucia V.C.	A health education outreach partnership between an academic medical library and public library: lessons learned before and during a pandemic	This partnership could serve as a model for other libraries interested in pursuing interprofessional collaborations in educating local communities on healthy behavior and health information seeking practices. .
Bangani S.; Dube L.	Birds of a feather: partnerships towards community engagement in South African academic libraries	These partnerships help the libraries to bridge the gap between the university libraries and the external communities as well as to strengthen bonds between the libraries and internal communities. .
Yang M.	Effect of Reading Activities on Children's Mental Health under the Environment of Artificial Intelligence and Deep Learning	Picture book reading has a positive effect on children's psychological well-being since it allows them to develop different intelligences and their spiritual worlds in addition to reading stories and learning facts. .
Yang Y.; Liu R.-D.; Ding Y.; Yang X.; Ding Z.; Wang J.	How family supports children’s reading-related emotions and reading intention: a comparative study of rural, suburban, and urban areas	The findings provide theoretical and practical implications to facilitate childrens enjoyment and behavioral intention in reading. .
Wilson A.J.; Staley C.; Davis B.; Anton B.	Libraries advancing health equity:a literature review	Because libraries provide access to knowledge and insights about their communities, they are effective partners in advancing health equity and implementing programs to reduce health disparities. .
Song X.; Su Y.; Ren J.; Gong R.	Effects of Group Awareness Tools on Student Engagement and Enjoyment in Online Collaborative Writing	Group awareness tools have the potential to promote student engagement and improve the quality of online collaborative learning. .
Lobban F.; Marshall P.; Barbrook J.; Collins G.; Foster S.; Glossop Z.; Inkster C.; Jebb P.; Johnston R.; Khan H.; Lodge C.; MacHin K.; Michalak E.; Powell S.; Rycroft-Malone J.; Slade M.; Whittaker L.; Jones S.H.	Designing a library of lived experience for mental health (LoLEM): protocol for integrating a realist synthesis and experience based codesign approach	Living libraries support people with lived expertise to be 'living books', sharing their experiences in dialogue with 'readers' who can ask questions. .
Dudak L.T.; Comito L.; Zabriskie C.	“You Can’t Self-Care Your Way Out of a Broken System”: The 2022 Urban Libraries Trauma Forum	It demonstrates a grounded way to engage library staff in research and change. .
Bradley-Ridout G.; Mahetaji K.; Mitchell M.	Using a reverse diversity audit approach to evaluate a dermatology collection in an academic health sciences library: A case presentation	We suggest that this approach may be useful for other libraries looking to assess diversity in their collections. .
Blundell J.; Poole S.	Poetry in a pandemic. Digital shared reading for wellbeing	The research aimed to provide a nuanced and in-depth account of the experience of shared reading for wellbeing, and to make practical recommendations for the future of such initiatives in community settings. .
Zanal Abidin N.S.; Shaifuddin N.; Wan Mohd Saman W.S.	Systematic Literature Review of the Bibliotherapy Practices in Public Libraries in Supporting Communities’ Mental Health and Wellbeing	Public libraries as a community center play a great role in taking actions toward mental health and well-being through bibliotherapy services. .
Merga M.K.	How School Libraries Can Promote Health Literacy in Challenging Times	Given that an individuals health outcomes are positively influenced by their level of health literacy, schools are increasingly committed to fostering health literacy in their students. .
Ladd D.L.; Hurst E.J.; Brewer A.	LIBRARY COMMUNITY HEALTH OUTREACH: THE ROLE OF THE LIBRARY MANAGER	This chapter examines strategies and specific examples that library managers can implement to facilitate technology and health literacy skills through programming in communities. .
Dai J.; Bartlett J.C.; Moffatt K.	Library services enriching community engagement for dementia care: The Tales & Travels Program at a Canadian Public Library as a case study	Growing dementia-friendly library services are contributing to community-based dementia care. .
Dai J.; Bartlett J.C.; Moffatt K.	Library services enriching community engagement for dementia care: The Tales & Travels Program at a Canadian Public Library as a case study	This paper advances librarianship research on enriching community-based dementia care, including furthering inclusivity and engagement and extending accessible library services. .
Yang Y.; Liu R.-D.; Ding Y.; Yang X.; Ding Z.; Wang J.	How family supports children’s reading-related emotions and reading intention: a comparative study of rural, suburban, and urban areas	Researchers and practitioners have recently aimed to identify the factors that foster students reading enjoyment and reading for pleasure. .
Jarus T.; Mayer Y.; Gross E.; Cook C.; Bulk L.Y.; Hershler L.A.D.; Nichols J.; Zaman S.; Belliveau G.	Bringing disability experiences front stage: Research-based theatre as a teaching approach to promote inclusive health education	To achieve this, information (stories) must be presented to learners in a way that promotes emotional engagement and highlights these issues from multiple perspectives. .
Beauchet O.; Cooper-Brown L.A.; Hayashi Y.; Deveault M.; Launay C.P.	Improving the mental and physical health of older community-dwellers with a museum participatory art-based activity: results of a multicentre randomized controlled trial	Interpretation: This RCT confirmed that a participatory art-based activity performed weekly over a 3-month period may improve both mental and physical health in older community-dwellers. .
Morse N.; Thomson L.J.; Elsden E.; Rogers H.; Chatterjee H.J.	Exploring the potential of creative museum-led activities to support stroke In-patient rehabilitation and wellbeing: A pilot mixed-methods study	Thematic qualitative analysis suggested patients felt engaged in meaningful activities, which lifted negative mood, provided positive distraction from the ward, and increased self-esteem, including belief in patient abilities. .
Ji L.; Liu Z.	Analysis of the Effects of Arts and Crafts in Public Mental Health Education Based on Artificial Intelligence Technology	As an effective psychological test and treatment method, arts and crafts analysis are an important part of mental health education. .
David O.A.; Magurean S.	Positive Attention Bias Trained during the Rethink Therapeutic Online Game and Related Improvements in Children and Adolescents’ Mental Health	Attentional bias towards positive stimuli is considered a resilience factor for mental health and well-being. .
Leyva-Moral J.M.; Aguayo-González M.; San Rafael-Gutiérrez S.; Gómez-Ibáñez R.	Narrative photography with an expert patient as a method to improve empathy: A satisfaction study with health sciences students	The main positive aspects of the teaching method were being able to express one's emotions and reflections. .
Araabi H.F.	Commentary: beauty in urban design - oppression or emancipation?	He proposes this as a definition of beauty that can enable people to better express themselves. .
Zhou W.	The Application and Development of Mural Art in Urban Public Environment Landscape Design	It is a popular work of art, representing social functions with historical value, aesthetic value, political significance, and educational function. .
Ambegaonkar J.P.; Matto H.; Ihara E.S.; Tompkins C.; Caswell S.V.; Cortes N.; Davis R.; Coogan S.M.; Fauntroy V.N.; Glass E.; Lee J.; Baraniecki-Zwil G.; Dhokai N.	Dance, Music, and Social Conversation Program Participation Positively Affects Physical and Mental Health in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial	Conclusions: Overall, taking part in community-engaged arts (dance and music) and social conversation programs positively influenced physical and mental health in older adults. .
Beaudry L.; Rochette A.; Fortin S.	Use of Adapted Dance to Intensify Subacute Rehabilitation Post-Stroke: A Qualitative Study on the Participation Experience and Active Participation Time	As an alternative therapy, dance warrants examination since its multimodal nature appears to offer an enjoyable means of engaging in a rehabilitation activity. .
Liu S.	An Adaptive Dance Motion Smart Detection Method Using BP Neural Network Model under Dance Health Teaching Scene	As a body movement art, dance has its special form of expression. .
Jarus T.; Mayer Y.; Gross E.; Cook C.; Bulk L.Y.; Hershler L.A.D.; Nichols J.; Zaman S.; Belliveau G.	Bringing disability experiences front stage: Research-based theatre as a teaching approach to promote inclusive health education	Conclusions: The results of this study support applying Research-based Theatre as a teaching approach that can promote knowledge and attitudinal change among audiences and increase the inclusion and equity of people living with disabilities in health and human service education. .
Botha M.; Panebianco C.; Masenge A.	The Relationship between Perfectionism, Cognitive Rumination, Mindfulness and Mental Health in Music Students at a South African University	The results provide valuable insights into the mental health status of music students. .
Pringle Y.; Musisi S.	HERITAGE, DEVELOPMENT, AND MENTAL HEALTH	This chapter outlines the ways that mental health has become a key part of global health, development, and peacebuilding. .
Kolaas K.; Berman A.H.; Hedman-Lagerlöf E.; Zakrevska A.; Epstein M.; Hammarberg S.W.; Axelsson E.	Feasibility of a video-delivered mental health course for primary care patients: a single-group prospective cohort study	Key feasibility outcomes included participant satisfaction, attendance rates, the proportion of participants in need of additional clinical intervention after the course, and the rate of clinically significant improvement in anxiety and depression symptoms. .
Dewhirst A.; Laugharne R.; Shankar R.	Therapeutic use of serious games in mental health: Scoping review	Conclusions The available evidence suggests that serious games could be an effective format for an intervention to reduce mental health symptoms and improve outcomes of individuals. .
David O.A.; Magurean S.; Tomoiagă C.	Do Improvements in Therapeutic Game-Based Skills Transfer to Real Life Improvements in Children's Emotion-Regulation Abilities and Mental Health? A Pilot Study That Offers Preliminary Validity of the REThink In-game Performance Scoring	Therapeutic or serious games are considered innovative ways of delivering psychological interventions especially suited for children and adolescents, which can have a positive impact on mental health, while also being fun and easily accessible online. .
Wenqin L.	Analysis of the Effectiveness of Music Therapy on Mental Health of College Students	Mental health is one of the important indicators to measure the comprehensiveness of human quality and plays an important role in the sustainable development of human beings. .
Keisari S.; Palgi Y.; Yaniv D.; Gesser-Edelsburg A.	Participation in Life-Review Playback Theater Enhances Mental Health of Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial	The results show a significant Time Group interaction, validating the interventions effectiveness for improving positive mental health indices: self-acceptance, personal growth, relationships with others, satisfaction with relationships, current well-being, positive affect, meaning in life, satisfaction with life, and self-esteem as well as depressive symptoms. .
Hsu T.-Y.; Liang H.-Y.	Museum engagement visits with a universal game-based blended museum learning service for different age groups	The contextual influences are considered to promote participatory experiences and meaningful social interactions. .
Katonai Z.; Gupta R.; Heuss S.; Fehr T.; Ebneter M.; Maier T.; Meier T.; Bux D.; Thackaberry J.; Schneeberger A.R.	Serious Games and Gamification: Health Care Workers’ Experience, Attitudes, and Knowledge	Technology offers more options for these educational approaches. .
Haris N.; Bujang A.; Nik Fauzi S.F.; Sadikin S.	Investigation of Cognitive Engagement Theory in Supporting Visual Learners Using Multimedia Based Platforms	The findings will add to the body of knowledge and fill in gaps in the study of cognitive theory as it applies to multimedia learning. .
Wang T.; Zhao Y.; Yin M.	Analysis and research on the influence of music on students’ mental health under the background of deep learning	In terms of influencing factors and strategies to promote students in-depth learning, we should apply the research results to specific teaching situations with the help of advanced digital technology, and strive to combine theory with practice. .
Blundell J.; Poole S.	Poetry in a pandemic. Digital shared reading for wellbeing	It asked how storytelling can help us to come to terms with the collective trauma we have experienced by developing empathy and enlarging identity, and considered the role of digital technology in creating safe spaces for connection and reflection. .
Silverman M.J.; Bourdaghs S.	Analysis of between-diagnoses differences in music-based affect regulatory strategies in adults with mental health and substance use conditions: Implications for transdiagnostic application	According to the Stress Vulnerability Model, affect regulation is crucial to manage stressors and promote recovery for adults with mental health conditions. .
Marsh R.; Pilkington P.; Marco E.; Rice L.	Evaluating a workforce development programme: bringing public health into architecture education in England	Architects can play a key role in the wider public health workforce, in ensuring building and urban design is health promoting. .
Kunasekaran P.; Mostafa Rasoolimanesh S.; Wang M.; Ragavan N.A.; Hamid Z.A.	Enhancing local community participation towards heritage tourism in Taiping, Malaysia: application of the Motivation-Opportunity-Ability (MOA) model	Additionally, this study also provided several practical implications for local authorities to promote community participation. .
Nunes P.	Music for all tastes: Urban festivals and cultural cosmopolitanism as strategies of social control in Portugal; Música para todos os gostos: Festivais urbanos e cosmopolitismo cultural como estratégias de controlo social em Portugal	The results confirm that such events have been acting in the creation of urban cosmopolitanism, promoting social pacification through culture. .
Buffoli M.; Fior M.; Delogu F.; Donato C.; Mosca E.I.	Evaluation Methodology for Inclusive Schools Environments. A Comparative Analysis Towards Goals and Strategies for Urban Design	The design of the spaces impact on people and becomes crucial to address a community behavioural change in terms of social inclusion. .
Tosi F.; Brischetto A.; Iacono E.; Rinaldi A.	Design, Inclusion and Sustainable Development: Guidelines for the Creation of a People-Centred Urban Park	The approach, adopted in this work, has provided an effective strategy in allowing the assessment and design of urban environments, ensuring safety, psycho-physical well-being and healthy lifestyles for all, taking into account human diversity and social inclusion factors. .
Keyvanfar A.; Shafaghat A.; Rosli N.A.L.	A Decision Support Toolkit for the Design of Children-Oriented Urban Outdoor Learning Environments	This issue highlights the quality design of urban public and open spaces that can significantly help children's healthy growth and development. .
Gozzoli P.C.; Rongrat T.; Gozzoli R.B.	Design Thinking and Urban Community Development: East Bangkok	This research focuses on community development and ways in which community members can express their opinions and maintain well-being. .
Hoefsloot F.I.; Jimenez A.; Martinez J.; Miranda Sara L.; Pfeffer K.	Eliciting design principles using a data justice framework for participatory urban water governance observatories	Participatory urban observatories can potentially improve transparency in infrastructure governance, offer opportunities for residents engagement, and amplify the voice of marginalized people in urban governance. .
Arvanitis G.; Hayek J.; Peres M.	Promoting Citizen Engagement in Sustainable Planning Through Installation Design and Digital Gamification	This paper aims to explore tools and methodologies to promote citizen engagement in sustainable city planning through the design of interactive experiences. .
Liu G.; Zhao T.; Yan H.; Wu H.; Wang F.	Evaluation of Urban Green Building Design Schemes to Achieve Sustainability Based on the Projection Pursuit Model Optimized by the Atomic Orbital Search	The popularization and use of green buildings are of great significance for reducing the carbon emissions of buildings and achieving sustainable development. .
Thomson G.; Newman P.; Hes D.; Bennett J.; Taylor M.; Johnstone R.	Nature-Positive Design and Development: A Case Study on Regenerating Black Cockatoo Habitat in Urban Developments in Perth, Australia	Collectively, these strategies can increase the capacity of the city to support endemic species, simultaneously enhancing a bioregional sense of place, and numerous associated ecosystem services to increase urban resilience in the face of climate change. .
Hu Y.; Peng Y.; Gao Z.; Xu F.	Application of CFD plug-ins integrated into urban and building design platforms for performance simulations: A literature review	The transformation of urban and building design into green development is conducive to alleviating resource and environmental problems. .
Fan L.; Wang J.; Han D.; Gao J.; Yao Y.	Research on Promoting Carbon Sequestration of Urban Green Space Distribution Characteristics and Planting Design Models in Xi’an	It also explored the sustainable design approach of ecological processes in low-carbon cities. .
Mosca F.; Perini K.	Reviewing the Role of Key Performance Indicators in Architectural and Urban Design Practices	The building sector is among the most energy intensive sectors and mitigation and adaptation strategies are needed to reduce the emissions and impacts of climate change. .
Semeraro T.; Scarano A.; Pandey R.	Ecosystem Services Analysis and Design through Nature-Based Solutions in Urban Planning at a Neighbourhood Scale	Therefore, the analysis of the capacity to integrate ecosystem services in urban planning at the neighbourhood scale could be a tool of ecological urban design, useful to support the decision-making processes. .
Jiménez Martín D.; Ramírez Saiz A.; Ajuriaguerra Escudero M.A.	Urban Accessibility in World Heritage Cities. Accessibility Considerations in Pedestrian Routes in Historic City Centres	In order to be able to do this for all people, in equal and inclusive conditions, it is essential to consider Accessibility and Universal Design principles. .
Jiménez Martín D.; Ramírez Saiz A.; Ajuriaguerra Escudero M.A.	Urban Accessibility in World Heritage Cities. Accessibility Considerations in Pedestrian Routes in Historic City Centres	These keys not only address issues of mobility, but also location, orientation, understanding, etc., thus addressing a holistic consideration of accessibility as a fundamental principle for all people, and in particular for the elderly sector, which is one of the groups that is clearly growing and which, without necessarily having to have a severe or recognised disability, needs an accessible environment that is easy to use. .
Muller B.; Amos A.; Cerra J.F.; Cheng C.; Feldman D.L.; Lau T.; Netusil N.R.; Porse E.	REDRAWING OUR URBAN WATERS: Merging design, law, and policy in advancing distributed water systems	These approaches allow designers, communities, and policy makers to bridge the gap between policy and design, create space where the law and regulation can be understood to be proactive problem-solving tools with flexibility and discretion that can unlock creative capacity, challenge the transferability of innovation and the lack of regulatory flexibility, and create contexts where community members and designers are more participatory in infrastructure planning. .
Morgan K.Y.; Christens B.D.; Gibson M.	Design Your Neighborhood: the evolution of a city-wide urban design learning initiative in Nashville, Tennessee	We offer a practice-oriented framework for leveraging these modalities to decrease disparity in the built environment, potentially catalyzing social action. .
Kapsalis E.; Jaeger N.; Hale J.	Disabled-by-design: effects of inaccessible urban public spaces on users of mobility assistive devices–a systematic review	There is a definite need for the adoption of inclusive strategies and adaptive techniques in placemaking processes so that users of Mobility Assistive Devices can have equitable access to public spaces. .
Lee J.; Seo D.	Influences of Urban Bikeway Design and Land Use on Bike Collision Severity: Evidence from Pohang in South Korea	Policymakers can consider these factors to enhance the safety of bikeway networks. .
Lee S.	The safety of public space: urban design guidelines for neighborhood park planning	Safety is an important measure of neighborhood park success, and thereby an important criterion of its social value. .
Brüchert T.; Baumgart S.; Bolte G.	Social determinants of older adults’ urban design preference: a cross-sectional study	The urban design features rated as most important were safety concerns and urban design quality features. .
Bahrainy H.; Bakhtiar A.	Urban Design Solutions to Mitigate Seismic Risk at the Small Scale: Bazaar Area, Rasht	Urban design, through its rules and regulations, intends to prevent disorder in case of a disaster. .
Improta V.; Ferreira A.M.	Social Engagement and Cultural Adaptation of Young Refugees Through Gaming and Playful Design	Besides, it could prevent the exposure of the users to dangerous situationswhich they are vulnerable. .
Sooktho S.; Songserm N.; Woradet S.; Suksatan W.	A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Dance Programs on Physical Performance: Appropriate Health Promotion for Healthy Older Adults	Such programs are effective and safe for healthy older adults for use as daily exercise to promote health. .
Boldina A.; Gomes B.; Steemers K.	Active urbanism: The potential effect of urban design on bone health	Health is becoming an increasingly important aspect of built environment design. .
Giglitto D.; Ciolfi L., Sr.; Lockley E.	Introduction: digital approaches to inclusion and participation in cultural heritage	It also serves as an introduction to this book, which brings together best examples and practices of digital and interactive approaches and platforms from a number of projects based in European countries to foster social inclusion and participation in heritage and culture. .
Hong C.; Yang Y.; Ge S.; Chai G.; Zhao P.; Shui Q.; Gu Z.	Is the design guidance of color and material for urban buildings a good choice in terms of thermal performance?	This helps maintain the urban characteristics and local cultural values. .
Kazak J.; De Luca F.; Partanen J.	Wind Comfort Analysis and Design of Small Scale Elements for Improving Urban Space Livability: A case study in Tallinn, Estonia	Wind comfort plays a central role in improving the safety, livability, and resilience of urban environments. .
Keisari S.; Palgi Y.; Yaniv D.; Gesser-Edelsburg A.	Participation in Life-Review Playback Theater Enhances Mental Health of Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial	The current study suggests that this type of creative intervention in the community may provide an opportunity for older adults to flourish and experience psychological growth. .
Keyvanfar A.; Shafaghat A.; Rosli N.A.L.	A Decision Support Toolkit for the Design of Children-Oriented Urban Outdoor Learning Environments	As public art is an encouraging landscape medium, integrating public art in urban plazas can aid substantially in achieving this goal. .
Xie L.; Zhou J.; Liu K.	The Application of Public Art Design Based on Digital Technology in Urban Landscape Environmental Monitoring	Public art (PA) is a powerful tool for enhancing the environment in public spaces since it not only relieves the oppression caused by urban architecture but also enhances and beautifies urban public spaces. .
Chang J.-J.; Chen R.-F.; Lin C.-L.	Exploring the Driving Factors of Urban Music Festival Tourism and Service Development Strategies Using the Modified SIA-NRM Approach	They can contribute not only to the tourism industries but also to local and regional economic development. .
Jonsson A.-P.; Haas T.	New urban developments in a heritage area. A case study of Skeppsholmsviken 6 in Stockholm, Sweden	A vibrant visitor industry can be a useful indicator of good urban environments. .
Kim J.; Kang E.	An Empirical Study of How Both Environmental Awareness and Interest in Artwork Can Be Incorporated into the Interior Design of Urban Hotels	The artwork gives a general perception of the value and quality that the consumer is likely to gain by interacting with the available products and services. .
Clemente M.	Rethinking “Streetline Forestscapes” in a Broader Context of Urban Forestry: In-Between Ecological Services and Landscape Design, with Some Evidence from Rome, Italy	Improving urban forestscapes is a successful part of any urban sustainability strategy, including concrete actions in support of citizens well-being. .
Lee J.; Seo D.	Influences of Urban Bikeway Design and Land Use on Bike Collision Severity: Evidence from Pohang in South Korea	These findings highlight the need for bikeway policy improvements for well-designed and managed paved bikeways, particularly on the side paths and in park areas, which ensure pedestrian and cyclist safety. .
Fior M.; Galuzzi P.; Vitillo P.	New Milan metro-line M4. From infrastructural project to design scenario enabling urban resilience	Urban design priorities were a high visual appeal, easy and simple maintenance, high ecological function, cultural heritage protection, and sustainable mobility. .
Gonsalves S.; Starry O.; Szallies A.; Brenneisen S.	The effect of urban green roof design on beetle biodiversity	The biodiversity conservation value of urban green spaces depends in part on design and management. .
Liaw A.; Lin J.-J.	Bikeway network design model considering utilitarian and recreational bicycling in urban built-up areas	Installing bikeways is an effective means to improve riding safety and the continuous usage intention of cyclists. .
Cho K.Y.; Kusumo C.M.L.; Tan K.K.H.; Rasoolimanesh S.M.	A systematic review of indicators for sustainability of urban heritage sites	Therefore, a sustainable redevelopment of urban heritage sites that strikes a balance between the economic, environmental and social dimensions is needed. .
Eckardt F.; Alsadaty A.	Urban Heritage in Transformation: Physical and Non-Physical Dimensions of Changing Contexts	In some cases, change is coupled with risks of erosion of heritage and urban areas of value and in others change is synonymous with prosperity and positive impacts. .
Arbab P.; Alborzi G.	Toward developing a sustainable regeneration framework for urban industrial heritage	Purpose: Regeneration of industrial heritage aims to display the patrimony assets by launching measures to convert them into cultural spaces associated with sustainable initiatives for satisfying environmental, social and economic demands in the city. .
Alba Dorado M.I.	The Industrial Heritage of the City of Malaga: Analysis of Its Current Situation and Support for Its Activation as a Resource for Urban Development	This raises the need to revitalise these heritage resources in an effort to encourage fairer, more equitable urban and economic development processes that contemplate the reasonable use of the industrial heritage that constitutes the bedrock of the citys identity. .
Kim J.; Park J.	The Development and Validation of Qualitative Value Indicators of Region-Based Community Dance for Cultural Urban Regeneration	The purpose of this study was to develop and validate qualitative value indicators of region-based community dance for cultural urban regeneration. .
Teixeira L.; Ramos A.L.; Costa C.; Pedrosa D.; Faria C.; Pimentel C.	SOLFI: An Integrated Platform for Sustainable Urban Last-Mile Logistics’ Operations—Study, Design and Development	In this sense, although collaboration among urban logistics stakeholders on projects can be challenging, this effort pays off when there is a significant result for the sustainability of cities. .
van Ameijde J.	Data-driven Urban Design Conceptual and Methodological Interpretations of Negroponte’s ‘Architecture Machine’	It is argued that architects and urban designers are uniquely situated to reflect on the benefits and value systems that control data-driven processes, and should deploy these to deliver more resilient, liveable and participatory urban spaces. .
Mohamed A.A.; Ubarevičienė R.; van Ham M.	Morphological evaluation and regeneration of informal settlements: An experience-based urban design approach	The findings show that this combined approach works as a diagnostic tool for detecting development potential and, therefore, underpins the identification of cost-effective ways of intervention, for enhancing vibrant urban environments. .
Ferretti M.; Di Leo B.; Quattrini R.; Vasic I.	Creativity and Digital Transition in Central Appennine Innovative design methods and digital technologies as interactive tools to enable heritage regeneration and community engagement	The research explores regenerative solutions and local development strategies to enhance the city and its cultural landscape. .
Sadeghi A.R.; Shahvaran F.; Gholami A.R.; Feyzabi T.	Toward behavior-based placemaking: the evolution of place concept in urban design knowledge	Placemaking is considered a participatory process and a practical approach for urban designers, which can be implemented by improving the physical quality of urban spaces. .
Oladipo O.S.; Grace O.; Ayodeji A.A.	Community Participation in Conservation and Management of E Cultural Heritage Resources in Yoruba Ethnic Group of South Western Nigeria	This will serve as a blueprint and developmental framework for policymakers in heritage resources conservation and management with the intention of linking these resources to increase direct economic benefits to local communities. .
Kádár B.; Klaniczay J.	Branding Built Heritage through Cultural Urban Festivals: An Instagram Analysis Related to Sustainable Co-Creation, in Budapest	As visitors documented the festival and the architectural heritage and uploaded hundreds of photos of their experience to social media platforms such as Instagram, they contributed to the branding process of the event and to the placemaking process involving less known heritage values. .
Jonsson A.-P.; Haas T.	New urban developments in a heritage area. A case study of Skeppsholmsviken 6 in Stockholm, Sweden	People choose to visit a destination because there is something to see there; there is something worth experiencing. .
Jiang N.; Jiang W.; Chen H.	Innovative urban design for low-carbon sustainable development: Evidence from China's innovative city pilots	In addition, the pilot policy has a positive spatial spillover effects on carbon reduction in cities with geographical proximity and economic ties. .
Domenico G.; Carla C.G.; Margherita M.	Experimental models of pedestrian flows as support to design new sustainable paths in urban context	In recent years, the theme of sustainable development of cities and inland areas of our country, beside attention to environmental protection and the safety of road networks, has contributed to give added value to the soft mobility topic. .
Jamhawi M.M.; Zidan R.J.; Sherzad M.F.	Tourist Movement Patterns and the Effects of Spatial Configuration in a Cultural Heritage and Urban Destination: The Case of Madaba, Jordan	Understanding tourist movement patterns is important for the development of sustainable tourism practices in cultural heritage destinations, as it can help to identify attractions of high tourist impact and inform the development of strategies to mitigate the negative impacts on site preservation and management. .
Kádár B.; Klaniczay J.	Branding Built Heritage through Cultural Urban Festivals: An Instagram Analysis Related to Sustainable Co-Creation, in Budapest	Place branding through urban festivals focusing on the local built heritage can also decrease the growing pressure on city centers in tourist-historic cities dealing with overtourism. .
Moreno-Fernández S.; El-Shawan Castelo-Branco S.	Celtic Music Festivals in Portugal: Europeanisation, Urban Regeneration, and Regional Development	It examines how these two festivals were used to promote tourism, urban regeneration, rural development, image-making, and place branding. .
Chang J.-J.; Chen R.-F.; Lin C.-L.	Exploring the Driving Factors of Urban Music Festival Tourism and Service Development Strategies Using the Modified SIA-NRM Approach	Urban music festivals play an important role in tourism. .
Chang J.-J.; Chen R.-F.; Lin C.-L.	Exploring the Driving Factors of Urban Music Festival Tourism and Service Development Strategies Using the Modified SIA-NRM Approach	This study focuses on how urban music festival tourism can successfully attract tourist participation. .
West T.	Liverpool’s European Capital of Culture legacy narrative: a selective heritage?	Large scale events and visitor economy strategies Dominante the cultural offer, whilst heritage, in particular the World Heritage Site, is at best drawn upon in property or tourism led redevelopment advertisement, or, at worst, seen as negatively competing with the progress of a perceived city renaissance. .
Svetanant C.; Ballsun-Stanton B.; Rutherford A.T.	Emotional engagement in Thai and Japanese insurance advertising: corpus-based keyword analysis	Advertisements demonstrate patterns of communication that are imagined to be acceptable to the communities at which they are aimed, serving as cultural artefacts that provide insights into shared cultural interpretations and social interactions. .
Vardopoulos I.	Industrial building adaptive reuse for museum. Factors affecting visitors’ perceptions of the sustainable urban development potential	Adaptive reuse that integrates certain concepts and strategies can accomplish a healthy mix of financial investment, environmental protection, cultural heritage preservation, and urban regeneration. .
Thomson G.; Newman P.; Hes D.; Bennett J.; Taylor M.; Johnstone R.	Nature-Positive Design and Development: A Case Study on Regenerating Black Cockatoo Habitat in Urban Developments in Perth, Australia	The authors suggest a framework for nature-positive design and development that offers multiple benefits for human and non-human urban dwellers across scales, from individual gardens, to city/regional scale habitat corridors. .
Lorenzo-Cueva C.	Soundscapes: CAVS first experimental proposals for urban and landscape regeneration based on the design of sound environments; Paisajes sonoros: las primeras propuestas experimentales del CAVS para la regeneración urbana y paisajística, a partir de la creación de ambientes sonoros	Its study must be of interest, in our days, for the quality of the works presented and also, to help reconsider new ways of improving the urban and landscape environment that surrounds us and to project more dynamic spaces that are sensitive to the environment and the needs of some citizens increasingly committed to the sustainable development of cities. .
Yang L.; Iwami M.; Chen Y.; Wu M.; van Dam K.H.	Computational decision-support tools for urban design to improve resilience against COVID-19 and other infectious diseases: A systematic review	Through urban design and planning, non-pharmaceutical interventions can be enabled, impelling behaviour change and facilitating the construction of lower risk buildings and public spaces. .
Urech P.R.W.; Mughal M.O.; Bartesaghi-Koc C.	A simulation-based design framework to iteratively analyze and shape urban landscapes using point cloud modeling	By guiding the design process with the consideration of the built environment as a complex adaptive system, it will be possible to improve how open spaces and ecosystem services perform in cities, and to design landscapes that can mitigate dynamic events such as urban heat islands. .
Teoh M.-Y.; Shinozaki M.; Saito K.; Said I.	Developing climate-led landscapes and greenery in urban design: a case study at Ipoh, Malaysia	In conclusion, developing climate-led landscape and greenery in urban design is a functional initiative for urban cooling and sustainable urban development. .
de Souza Campos Paiva J.; de Queiroz Barbosa E.R.	Rural-urban Moatize: water harvesting design strategies to enable community-driven development; Moatize rural e urbano: estratégias projetuais para a captação de água como forma de promover desenvolvimento comunitário	As a result, the system can be better integrated with the landscape occupation, facilitating efficient community maintenance. .
Khatami S.M.; Boujari P.; Ranjbar E.	Toward a social responsibility-based model for urban design education	As an academic discipline concerned with the built environment, urban design can have a pivotal role in meeting the university social responsibility goal of promoting sustainable development. .
De Siqueira G.; Malaj S.; Hamdani M.	Digitalization, Participation and Interaction: Towards More Inclusive Tools in Urban Design—A Literature Review	For that, planning processes should become more engaging and empower citizens to actively participate in designing their environments. .
Lucchi E.	Regenerative Design of Archaeological Sites: A Pedagogical Approach to Boost Environmental Sustainability and Social Engagement	The didactic process is supported by a participatory program among the key players of the site (owners, heritage and public authorities, and local associations), to create strong public support and a shared vision of the sustainable regeneration of the area. .
van den Bergh L.	Little willies as community-building heritage: A bottom-up approach to the European Capital of Culture initiative	Community-building heritage is participatory, dependent on citizen contributions and explicitly aims to mobilise and connect individual contributors in a community. .
Leão M.T.G.; Brandão F.A.	Universities’ built heritage as a means to diversify urban tourist destinations’ cultural supply: the case of the University of Porto	Originality/value: Emphasis is placed on the cities built heritage as a type of heritage that defines their uniqueness. .
Oevermann H.; Keech D.; Redepenning M.; Fan L.; Alberth P.	Continuity and Change: Socio‐Spatial Practices in Bamberg’s World Heritage Urban Horticulture	First, the article highlights the ongoing cultural heritage dimensions of urban horticulture in a field still Dominanted by ecotechnical contributions associated with postindustrial innovation in urban planning; in this respect, heritage should be recognised as a dynamic that shapes urban change. .
Abdul Aziz N.A.; Mohd Ariffin N.F.; Ismail N.A.; Alias A.	Community Participation in the Importance of Living Heritage Conservation and Its Relationships with the Community-Based Education Model towards Creating a Sustainable Community in Melaka UNESCO World Heritage Site	The preservation of this history, its transmission to following generations, and its ability to transform and adapt to any circumstance, are all made possible by strengthening living heritage. .
Dinç B.G.; Subaşı Ö.; Alaca I.V.	Reading, play, and critical engagement with cultural heritage: Associating children with Orientalist paintings through an interactive picturebook	Embodied re-enactment of the past supports criticality and plurality of difficult cultural heritages. .
Xu J.	A linguistic approach to urban color design and research—Exploring Jianming Song's methodologies	The research findings point to a renaissance of traditional culture implemented in contemporary design practice. .
Nugroho S.; Zhang J.	Explorations of Young People’s Sense of Place Using Urban Design Qualities in Surabaya, Indonesia	This study may be helpful for urban planners to manage the sense of place in historic city centres under the pressure of rapid urban development. .
Umair M.; Rana I.A.; Lodhi R.H.	The impact of urban design and the built environment on road traffic crashes: A case study of Rawalpindi, Pakistan	Commercial, residential, and recreational land uses positively influenced traffic crashes. .
Wang F.; Tan C.; Li M.; Gu D.; Wang H.	Research on Traffic Design of Urban Vital Streets	A complete set of humanized and green traffic design methods was constructed to enhance the street vitality. .
Hooimeijer F.L.; Bricker J.D.; Pel A.J.; Brand A.D.; Van De Ven F.H.M.; Askarinejad A.	Multi- and interdisciplinary design of urban infrastructure development	Through cooperation between civil engineering and spatial design resilience of the built environment can be increased. .
Nunes P.; Birdsall C.	Curating the urban music festival: Festivalisation, the ‘shuffle’ logic, and digitally-shaped music consumption	In recent years, music festivals have grown in significance within local cultural policy, city branding and tourism agendas. .
Giglitto D.; Ciolfi L.; Lockley E.; Kaldeli E., Sr.	Digital Approaches to Inclusion and Participation in Cultural Heritage: Insights from Research and Practice in Europe	The contributions address key themes such as the engagement of marginalised communities, the opening of debates and new interpretations around socially and historically contested heritages, and the way in which digital technologies may foster more inclusive cultural heritage practices. .
Swartjes B.; Berkers P.	Designing Conviviality? How Music Festival Organizers Produce Spaces of Encounter in an Urban Context	Inclusion and diversity have become paramount within the festival sector and beyond, often focusing on bringing together a diverse group of people within one space. .
Gola M.; Capolongo S.	Who Says Hospitals Are Ugly? Evolution and Trends of Architectures for Health	They embody the permeability and availability of entertainment and cultural activities in order to respond to the communitys needs. .
Balcombe L.; De Leo D.	Linking music streaming platform advertisements with a digital mental health assessment and interventions	It also expands outreach to the underserved and the unserved and streamlines the integration of digital solutions with mental health services. .
Hasselhorn J.; Krupp V.; Lin H.-R.; Beisiegel J.; Kopiez R.	Music-cultural participation as a predictor for subjective wellbeing: are personality traits significant?; Musikalisch-kulturelle Teilhabe als Prädiktor für allgemeine Lebenszufriedenheit: Sind Persönlichkeitsausprägungen bedeutsam?	Participation in musical culture is acentral aim of music teaching and learning. .
Glückler J.; Panitz R.	Live Music in the Time of Corona: On the Resilience and Impact of a Philharmonic Orchestra on the Urban Economy	In turn, the regional impact analysis suggests that the Orchestra maintained its positive effect on the economic demand for goods and services in the urban economy. .
Glückler J.; Panitz R.	Live Music in the Time of Corona: On the Resilience and Impact of a Philharmonic Orchestra on the Urban Economy	When balancing the citys subsidies with the rental (city concert halls) and tax incomes generated by the Orchestras local impact, the Orchestra managed to induce surplus revenue for the citys treasury. .
Kim J.; Park J.	The Development and Validation of Qualitative Value Indicators of Region-Based Community Dance for Cultural Urban Regeneration	This study is significant in that it emphasises the potential possibility of community dance, which can contribute to cultural urban regeneration based on the perspectives of cultural democracy. .
Zhou W.	The Application and Development of Mural Art in Urban Public Environment Landscape Design	Therefore, the mural design in the urban public environment can improve China's current urban atmosphere and enhance urban characteristics. .
Cho K.Y.; Kusumo C.M.L.; Tan K.K.H.; Rasoolimanesh S.M.	A systematic review of indicators for sustainability of urban heritage sites	Purpose: The revitalisation of tangible and intangible urban heritage can foster social cohesion and drive creativity and innovation in a changing global environment. .
Bungay H.; Hughes S.; Jacobs C.; Zhang J.	Dance for Health: the impact of creative dance sessions on older people in an acute hospital setting	It is a meaningful and enjoyable activity, which encourages social interaction and provides respite from the medical environment. .
Dong X.; Kang X.; Ding X.	Influence and Analysis of Music Teaching Environment Monitoring on Students' Mental Health Using Data Mining Technology	The goal is to use music to enhance health, particularly as a tool to break down barriers both inside and outside the body. .
He Q.; Reith A.	(Re)Defining Restorative and Regenerative Urban Design and Their Relation to UNSDGs—A Systematic Review	Unlike the descriptions found in many of the identified papers, restorative urban design not only focuses on ecological aspects but also attempts to create a built environment that allows its users to thrive both physically and mentally. .
Wright A.; Thomas B.L.; Asikin-Garmager A.; Wolfe S.M.	TAKING HEALTH INFORMATION TO THE NEXT LEVEL: STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIPS BETWEEN NLM AND PUBLIC LIBRARIES	The NNLM All of Us National Program provides infrastructure and resources to public libraries, such as free training for library staff, health information outreach funding, connections with other organizations, and free programming tools to expand health programming beyond fitness to boost digital and health literacy in their communities. .
Wilson A.J.; Staley C.; Davis B.; Anton B.	Libraries advancing health equity:a literature review	Libraries also advance health equity by focusing on internal library operations and providing research services focused on cultural humility and competence as they apply to health care. .
Zhou X.; Yu X.	Value Cognition and Practice Exploration of Public Library Health Service	We need to re-examine the role of libraries in health and promote public libraries to become an important social institution to promote public health. .
Jameson J.; Duhon L.	A 10-year follow-up survey of US academic libraries highlights the COVID-19 experience and greater interest in health information outreach	Discussion: Evidence suggests that further engagement and campus partnerships can enhance libraries' supportive roles as trustworthy purveyors of quality health information. .
Liu J.; Sun H.L.; Zheng J.	Factors affecting users' intention to use mobile health services of public libraries	These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of users' behavior of MHSPL and can help facilitate and improve health services provided by public libraries. .
Fleary S.A.; Gonçalves C.; Joseph P.L.; Baker D.M.	Census Tract Demographics Associated with Libraries’ Social, Economic, and Health-Related Programming	Background: Public libraries can contribute to reducing economic, social, and health inequities through their programming and practices. .
Lenstra N.; Roberts J.	Public Libraries and Health Promotion Partnerships: Needs and Opportunities	There is a need for health partnerships to increase library capacity to support health. .
Hmood K.F.	CONSERVATION OF URBAN HERITAGE IN HISTORICAL CENTRES OF CONTEMPORARY CITIES	The aim of this research stems from the importance of urban and architectural heritage in historic districts of cities in the present and future. .
Gustafsson C.; Ripp M.	A metamodel for heritage-based urban recovery	Design/methodology/approach: After an introduction to the field of cultural heritage as a resource for urban development, the research question is elaborated, and the current understanding of urban heritage is explored. .
Cho K.Y.; Kusumo C.M.L.; Tan K.K.H.; Rasoolimanesh S.M.	A systematic review of indicators for sustainability of urban heritage sites	To plan and manage this balance, a strong and clear indicator to measure the sustainability of urban heritage is required. .
Zhou T.; Zang T.; Jiang J.; Yang X.; Ikebe K.	Analysis of the Influencing Factors of Social Participation Awareness on Urban Heritage Conservation: The Example of Suzhou, China	To increase social-participation awareness of urban-heritage conservation, this study aimed to find an effective method to determine the factors that affect participation awareness, with a focus on the magnitude of each influence. .
Alba Dorado M.I.	The Industrial Heritage of the City of Malaga: Analysis of Its Current Situation and Support for Its Activation as a Resource for Urban Development	It also undertakes a study of the specific instruments, for the most part strategic planning, that have been implemented as a means to incorporate cultural heritage as an asset for a new urban model for the city in an effort to understand how these instruments envisage the revitalisation and recovery of industrial heritage. .
Thomas J.A.; Trigg J.; Morris J.; Miller E.; Ward P.R.	Exploring the potential of citizen science for public health through an alcohol advertising case study	The study illuminates how public participation benefitted the research process, the challenges and the potential for citizen science to improve public health. .
Foltz M.; Maldonado S.F.; Leipert K.; Hamelers R.; Shanker A.	LGBTQ Community Archives in Small Urban Centers: Reflections on Community and University Partnerships to Build Awareness of the Lehigh Valley’s Rich LGBTQ History from AIDS Activism to Anti-Discrimination Legislation	For university faculty, staff, and archivists, we have the opportunity to address this need by partnering with regional LGBTQ organizations, using our resources to help build strong local archives, and working with community members to shape narratives about LGBTQ history that engage with national movements while also addressing the nuances of activist work in various cultural contexts. .
Rivero-Moreno L.D.	The shared-city: cultural heritage as a driver for the re-creation of the urban storytelling; La ciudad compartida: el patrimonio cultural como herramienta para la recreación del relato urbano	The cultural heritage sphere offers its spaces for this purpose as platforms for exchange and communication. .
Foltz M.; Maldonado S.F.; Leipert K.; Hamelers R.; Shanker A.	LGBTQ Community Archives in Small Urban Centers: Reflections on Community and University Partnerships to Build Awareness of the Lehigh Valley’s Rich LGBTQ History from AIDS Activism to Anti-Discrimination Legislation	We argue that courses, exhibits, and oral history collection not only produce regional connectivity to national political projects and strategies, but also build stronger understanding of the import of local activism for promoting equity at the civic and state level. .
Pringle Y.; Musisi S.	HERITAGE, DEVELOPMENT, AND MENTAL HEALTH	It argues that heritage is increasingly being utilised in these fields, with heritage regarded as contributing to mental health as a development outcome. .
Foroughi M.; de Andrade B.; Roders A.P.; Wang T.	Public participation and consensus-building in urban planning from the lens of heritage planning: A systematic literature review	More specifically, for heritage planning, participation could enable consensus-building on defining the significance of heritage, namely attributes (the resources that should be listed as heritage), and values (the reasons that attributes are important). .
Jonsson A.-P.; Haas T.	New urban developments in a heritage area. A case study of Skeppsholmsviken 6 in Stockholm, Sweden	It is well-known that heritage spaces score high on lists of what people enjoy and look for when travelling. .
Ferretti M.; Di Leo B.; Quattrini R.; Vasic I.	Creativity and Digital Transition in Central Appennine Innovative design methods and digital technologies as interactive tools to enable heritage regeneration and community engagement	The map is a design tool to define a shared strategy of enhancement of the city and its heritage. .
Sung M.	Influences of Rural Heritage on Resident Participation in Community Activities: A Case Study of the Villages of Jeoji-ri and Handong-ri on Jeju Island, South Korea	Conclusion: This study suggests that the active utilisation of intangible cultural heritages and the networks developed by cooperating with essential stakeholders are vital for encouraging resident participation. .
Siwicki C.	An ancient debate on urban renewal and built heritage: Dio Chrysostom and the city of Prusa	In the conclusion, we also see how this example contributes to research on the issue of heritage as a pre-modern phenomenon. .
Liu Y.; Jin X.; Dupre K.	Engaging stakeholders in contested urban heritage planning and management	Urban heritage anchors the identity and culture of cities and is a key element in the development of a sense of place. .
Pakravan S.; Keynoush S.; Daneshyar E.	Proposing a Pedagogical Framework for Integrating Urban Agriculture as a Tool to Achieve Social Sustainability within the Interior Design Studio	The context-based and culture-based design approach highlights the importance of considering the local context during the design process. .
Clopot C.	Heritage diplomacy through the lens of the European Capitals of Culture programme	The core case study is one of the main policy programmes for culture at the European level, the European Capital of Culture, which contributes to the building of a shared European Heritage. .
Gallou E.; Uzzell D.; Sofaer J.	Perceived place qualities, restorative effects and self-reported wellbeing benefits of visits to heritage sites: Empirical evidence from a visitor survey in England	Although a small but growing body of evidence supports the potential of visits to heritage sites in generating wellbeing benefits, there is a gap in understanding how such benefits may be related to the perceived qualities or affordances of heritage sites. .
Dupont C.; Smets T.; Monnet F.; Eneslätt M.; Tishelman C.; Van den Block L.	The cultural adaptation of the go wish card game for use in Flanders, Belgium: a public health tool to identify and discuss end-of-life preferences	The described process is particularly valuable for culturally adapt interventions, especially given that community engagement in adapting interventions is essential to creating grounded interventions. .
Cui T.; Kumar P.; Orr S.A.	Connecting characteristics of social media activities of a heritage organisation to audience engagement	These findings further understanding of the nature of heritage engagement in an increasingly digital world with implications for how heritage organisations engage with diverse communities within the public. .
Lv R.; Liu Y.; Zhang L.; Kong D.	Urban historic heritage buffer zone delineation: the case of Shedian	Buffer zones help protect historical heritage sites integrity, authenticity, and sustainability, and thus are an essential measure for protecting such sites. .
Esichaikul R.; Chansawang R.	Community participation in heritage tourism management of Sukhothai historical park	Findings: The results revealed that sustainable park management has made a positive impact upon local economy, social and cultural conservation of the world heritage site. .
Wang C.-H.	Community participation in heritage conservation: Longan cultural landscape, Taiwan	It is widely recognised that conservation of cultural landscapes is a dynamic process and one in which the continuity of function of a landscape is essential. .
Li J.; Dai T.; Yin S.; Zhao Y.; Ikiz Kaya D.; Yang L.	Promoting conservation or change? The UNESCO label of world heritage (re)shaping urban morphology in the Old Town of Lijiang, China	Although international studies have demonstrated the World Heritage system can contribute to stimulating cultural tourism and boosting the local economy, how this heritage-led development process promotes urban conservation and morphological changes in cities is yet to be explored adequately. .
Cho K.Y.; Kusumo C.M.L.; Tan K.K.H.; Rasoolimanesh S.M.	A systematic review of indicators for sustainability of urban heritage sites	Originality/value: It created a new insight into the dimensions recommended to develop sustainable indicators for urban heritage sites. .
Peron V.; Danesi G.	Valdagno, “Città Sociale” (1927-1937): urban design and quality of life from past society to future development	Another topic is the connection between urban form and identity of the city, in order to preserve and re-interpret them for future lifestyles. .
Liu Y.; Jin X.; Dupre K.	Engaging stakeholders in contested urban heritage planning and management	The results expand the understanding of stakeholder engagement in contested urban heritage planning and management. .
Giglitto D.; Ciolfi L.; Lockley E.; Kaldeli E., Sr.	Digital Approaches to Inclusion and Participation in Cultural Heritage: Insights from Research and Practice in Europe	This edited book brings together best examples and practices of digital and interactive approaches and platforms from a number of projects based in European countries to foster social inclusion and participation in heritage and culture. .
Esichaikul R.; Chansawang R.	Community participation in heritage tourism management of Sukhothai historical park	Originality/value: Guidelines for enhancing community involvement in cultural heritage management of the park were proposed. .
Smaniotto Costa C.; Volzone R.; Ruchinskaya T.; Solano Báez M.D.C.; Menezes M.; Ercan M.A.; Rollandi A.	Smart Thinking on Co-Creation and Engagement: Searchlight on Underground Built Heritage	Therefore, this paper takes on the challenge to define a smart city as an ecosystem for peoples empowerment and participation, and, in particular, to explore social tools for creating new values in heritage placemakingwhere sharing knowledge becomes a fundamental principle. .
Lak A.; Aghamolaei R.	Evidence-based urban design studio: an action research approach	Findings indicate that inviting citizens opinions during the design phase leads to more reliable and useful design and planning processes. .
Lak A.; Aghamolaei R.	Evidence-based urban design studio: an action research approach	These initial steps in encouraging designers to solicit citizens feedback could prove the stimulus for further participative action research which builds on students improved understanding of design contexts. .
Foltz M.; Maldonado S.F.; Leipert K.; Hamelers R.; Shanker A.	LGBTQ Community Archives in Small Urban Centers: Reflections on Community and University Partnerships to Build Awareness of the Lehigh Valley’s Rich LGBTQ History from AIDS Activism to Anti-Discrimination Legislation	Beyond understanding the historical trajectory of regional activism, archival work and exhibitions bring diverse young people, elders, and those in the middle of life together who may not have met otherwise to reflect on our history and to imagine our future. .
Yang C.C.Y.; Ogata H.	Personalized review learning approach for improving behavioral engagement and academic achievement in language learning through e-books	In this paper, a personalized review learning approach is proposed that improves behavioral engagement and academic achievement in language learning through e-books. .
Murphy J.	Global trends health science libraries: Part 2	The trends covered are: Involvement in systematic reviews and data synthesis; Professional development for health science librarians; Providing education and training to students, researchers, and clinicians; Supporting the delivery of health literacy. .
Bangani S.	Academic libraries’ support for quality education through community engagement	Initiatives that were interpreted as a contribution to SDG 4 were the imparting of information literacy skills to schools and librarians from other sectors, promotion of reading and writing, library visits by school learners, donation of school shoes and uniforms to learners, as well as donation of computers and computer literacy training to schools. .
DeVille S.D.; Sughrue J.A.	Linking Library Use to Student Engagement	For the purposes of empirical research, academic and social engagement are suitable proxies for determining how various university programs and services, including libraries, contribute to student engagement and, thereby to student success. .
Ankamah S.; Gyesi K.; Amponsah V.	Use of electronic resources in research and learning in a health sciences library in Ghana: An analysis of awareness and perception of users	Moreover, the study found that the computer literacy skills of users have a positive relationship with the awareness of e-resources. .
Meacham M.E.; Nguyen T.; Wilson T.; Mann A.	LEVERAGING COMMUNITY CONNECTIONS: PROJECT MANAGEMENT OUTREACH EXPERTISE FROM HEALTH SCIENCES LIBRARY AND COMMUNITY-BASED ORGANIZATION LEADERS	While focused on health sciences librarians and their community partners, these practices are broadly applicable to many library outreach programs and can enhance credibility, approaches, and impact, while increasing funding opportunities and users while creating sustainable collaborations. .
El-Dirani Z.; Akik C.; Attel L.; Kamhawi R.; Nawafleh M.; Essaid A.; DeJong J.	Interactive community-based theatre to address social barriers to accessing reproductive health services in patriarchal societies: the case of Jordan	It aims to bring about a new understanding of an issue while challenging peoples attitudes and perceptions. .
Echarri F.	The QuidArte program of the University Museum of Navarra: Art at the service of wellbeing and care in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic; El programa QuidArte del Museo Universidad de Navarra: el arte al servicio del bienestar y el cuidado en el contexto de la pandemia Covid-19	With this intention in mind, a wide range of artistic proposals have been programmed: concerts, dance performances, theater, workshops and conferences that use, in an interdisciplinary and creative way, both plastic and performing arts. .
El-Dirani Z.; Akik C.; Attel L.; Kamhawi R.; Nawafleh M.; Essaid A.; DeJong J.	Interactive community-based theatre to address social barriers to accessing reproductive health services in patriarchal societies: the case of Jordan	Interactive community-based theatre is used to engage with audience members and allow for free exchange of ideas relevant to context. .
De Siqueira G.; Malaj S.; Hamdani M.	Digitalization, Participation and Interaction: Towards More Inclusive Tools in Urban Design—A Literature Review	Also, it investigates the correlation between levels of participation and interaction in different types of collaborative design workshops held in communities. .
Wang F.; Tan C.; Li M.; Gu D.; Wang H.	Research on Traffic Design of Urban Vital Streets	As an important part of urban public spaces, the urban street is an important place for peoples lives, communication, and activities. .
Kim J.	COVID-19’s impact on local planning and urban design practice: focusing on tactical urbanism and the public realm with respect to low income communities	This program provides temporary public spaces in the streets for exercise and interaction. .
Pineo H.; Moore G.; Braithwaite I.	Incorporating practitioner knowledge to test and improve a new conceptual framework for healthy urban design and planning	This research created a forum for stakeholders, who may typically be outside the research process, to shape the development of a conceptual framework for healthy urbanism. .
Kim S.H.	Online-Based Food Hubs for Community Health and Well-Being: Performance in Practice and Its Implications for Urban Design	An online platform effectively mobilises resources to connect a diverse local community. .
Nogueira A.; Wallig J.F.	The post-industrial legacy in Brazil: where circular economy principles meet collective urban practices by design	These local agents combined their assets in response to emerging opportunities to strengthen the local circular economy and form flexible networks capable of progressively improving well-being within and outside their geographic boundary. .
Dai J.; Bartlett J.C.; Moffatt K.	Library services enriching community engagement for dementia care: The Tales & Travels Program at a Canadian Public Library as a case study	It offers practical insights on useful resources and emerging best practices that will hopefully inspire other initiatives in which information professionals can help improve the well-being of vulnerable populations. .
Escolà-Gascón Á.; Dagnall N.; Denovan A.; Maria Alsina-Pagès R.; Freixes M.	Evidence of environmental urban design parameters that increase and reduce sense of place in Barcelona (Spain)	Urban planning design considers sense of place attributed to the environment because it is important to quality of life and influences citizen support for planning proposals. .
Duda E.; Anacka H.; Kowal J.; Obracht-Prondzynska H.	Participatory co-design approach for Greencoin educational tool shaping urban green behaviors	Our studies contribute to and fill the gap in the stream of research and knowledge on implementations in the co-creation of application solutions that promote pro-environmental attitudes and behavior. .
Lucchi E.	Regenerative Design of Archaeological Sites: A Pedagogical Approach to Boost Environmental Sustainability and Social Engagement	Inside them, regenerative design is a proactive method based on systemic frameworks and developmental processes for maintaining the integrity of natural ecosystems, also enhancing human life, environmental awareness, social equity, and economic sustainability through the support of codesign techniques. .
Foroughi M.; de Andrade B.; Roders A.P.; Wang T.	Public participation and consensus-building in urban planning from the lens of heritage planning: A systematic literature review	The reasoning is to facilitate the involvement of a broader group of stakeholders, beyond experts. .
Walsh L.; Hyett N.; Howley J.; Juniper N.; Li C.; Macleod-Smith B.; Rodier S.; Hill S.	Social Media as a Tool for Consumer Engagement in Hospital Quality Improvement and Service Design: Barriers and Enablers for Implementation	For some consumers and service providers, barriers such as a lack of resources and distrust of social media companies might mean that social media-based engagement will be less acceptable for them. .
Haynes A.; Bayly M.; Dixon H.; McAleese A.; Martin J.; Chen Y.J.M.; Wakefield M.	Obesity prevention and related public health advertising versus competing commercial advertising expenditure in Australia	These commercial products may either undermine or dilute public health messages by directly contributing to poor health or confusing the public about the best ways to sustain a healthy lifestyle. .

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