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Id 2753
Author Shang P.; Yang L.; Yao Y.; (Carol) Tong L.; Yang S.; Mi X.
Title Integrated optimization model for hierarchical service network design and passenger assignment in an urban rail transit network: A Lagrangian duality reformulation and an iterative layered optimization framework based on forward-passing and backpropagation
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Shang P.; Yang L.; Yao Y.; (Carol) Tong L.; Yang S.; Mi X. Integrated optimization model for hierarchical service network design and passenger assignment in an urban rail transit network: A Lagrangian duality reformulation and an iterative layered optimization framework based on forward-passing and backpropagation,Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies 144

Keywords Beijing Beijing (ADS) ; Beijing China ; China; Backpropagation; Hierarchical systems; Iterative methods; Lagrange multipliers; Light rail transit; Nonlinear programming; Integrated optimization models; Lagrangian duality; Layered optimization; Nonlinear programming model; Optimization framework; Passenger assignments; Passenger demands; Service network designs; System-optimal; Urban rail transit systems; artificial neural network; back propagation; hierarchical system; Lagrangian analysis; network design; optimization; railway transport; resource allocation; service provision; transportation planning; travel behavior; urban transport; Neural networks
Link to article https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85137640642&doi=10.1016%2fj.trc.2022.103877&partnerID=40&md5=74c84c6d4dcef50f359386889f05a186
Abstract This study solves an integrated operational problem regarding hierarchical service network design and passenger assignment for urban rail transit systems. We propose an innovative nonlinear programming model for determining the number of stocking trains at each depot, number of operating trains on each line, and line-based service frequency and capacity. Given a certain passenger demand matrix, this model simultaneously determines the system-optimal path flow while assigning passengers to lines to minimize the passenger total travel cost. The proposed nonlinear programming model is then reformulated based on Lagrangian duality as two resource allocation sub-problems represented as artificial neural networks. The forward pass of the train flow sequentially assigns train resources to candidate depots and lines, and the forward pass of the passenger flow sequentially assigns the passenger demand to candidate paths and links. The solution can be improved by backpropagation of the first-order gradients and re-assignment of the train resources and passenger demand with updated weights between different layers under the proposed layered optimization framework. A comparative analysis indicates that the proposed solution approach can obtain an approximate optimal solution for the integrated optimization model, thereby providing an optimized operational hierarchical service plan and system-optimal passenger assignment results. The proposed methodology and solution approach are evaluated on a simple network case and Beijing Metro Network case. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd

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DOI 10.1016/j.trc.2022.103877
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