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| Id | 139 | |
| Author | Kirschner, S., ; Tomasello, M., | |
| Title | Joint music making promotes pro-social behavior in 4-year-old children | |
| Reference | Kirschner, S.; Tomasello, M. (2010). Joint music making promotes pro-social behavior in 4-year-old children. Evolution and Human Behavior, 31, 354–364. |
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| Link to article | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2010.04.004 |
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| Abstract | Humans are the only primates that make music. But the evolutionary origins and functions of music are unclear. Given that in traditional cultures music making and dancing are often integral parts of important group ceremonies such as initiation rites, weddings or preparations for battle, one hypothesis is that music evolved into a tool that fosters social bonding and group cohesion, ultimately increasing prosocial in-group behavior and cooperation. Here we provide support for this hypothesis by showing that joint music making among 4-year-old children increases subsequent spontaneous cooperative and helpful behavior, relative to a carefully matched control condition with the same level of social and linguistic interaction but no music. Among other functional mechanisms, we propose that music making, including joint singing and dancing, encourages the participants to keep a constant audiovisual representation of the collective intention and shared goal of vocalizing and moving together in time — thereby effectively satisfying the intrinsic human desire to share emotions, experiences and activities with others. |
Given that in traditional cultures music making and dancing are often integral parts of important group ceremonies such as initiation rites, weddings or preparations for battle, one hypothesis is that music evolved into a tool that fosters social bonding and group cohesion, ultimately increasing prosocial in-group behavior and cooperation. furthermore these signal theories are sup- ported by rather sparse ethnomusicological evidence and do not account for the majority of musical encounters observed across cultures today where music is part of peaceful within- group ceremonies outside any sexual or competitive context clayton. however we omitted any musical features while moving around the pond: the frogs were introduced as simple toys and only spoken language was used for communication. by to years of age the majority of both boys and girls social interactions in preschool settings are with members of the same sex fabes shepard guthrie & martin. another domain-general psychological mechanism that might be responsible for the social bonding effect of joint music making could be the so-called chameleon effect chartrand & bargh which refers to a type of non- conscious behavioral mimicry often observed among com- municating human partners.
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